WO2024017067A1 - 上行合路信号防溢出方法、装置、das系统和存储介质 - Google Patents

上行合路信号防溢出方法、装置、das系统和存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2024017067A1
WO2024017067A1 PCT/CN2023/106042 CN2023106042W WO2024017067A1 WO 2024017067 A1 WO2024017067 A1 WO 2024017067A1 CN 2023106042 W CN2023106042 W CN 2023106042W WO 2024017067 A1 WO2024017067 A1 WO 2024017067A1
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combined signal
uplink
signal
overflow
channels
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PCT/CN2023/106042
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱露敏
吴文权
翁耀
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三维通信股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024017067A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024017067A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
    • H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
    • H04B10/0795—Performance monitoring; Measurement of transmission parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2575—Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
    • H04B10/25752—Optical arrangements for wireless networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical fiber distribution systems, and in particular to an uplink combined signal overflow prevention method, device, DAS system and storage medium.
  • the traditional optical fiber distribution system (Distributed Antenna System, referred to as DAS) consists of a near-end unit (Administration Unit, referred to as AU), an extension unit (Extended Unit, referred to as EU), and a remote unit (Remote Unit, referred to as RU).
  • DAS distributed Antenna System
  • AU administering Unit
  • EU Extended Unit
  • RU Remote Unit
  • the downlink signal starts from the base station, passes through the near-end unit, expansion unit, and remote unit in sequence, and is finally sent out through the antenna to complete the signal coverage; conversely, the uplink signal is received through the antenna and passes through the remote unit, expansion unit, and near-end unit in order , and finally transmitted back to the base station.
  • the signals of multiple uplink channels need to be superimposed to obtain an uplink combined signal, and the uplink combined signal will overflow with a certain probability. situation, causing signal distortion and affecting demodulation.
  • the superimposed signals are usually processed. However, if the uplink combined signal is directly attenuated at this time, the remote units with originally weak signals will also be attenuated at the same time, affecting the upload of such remote units. signal demodulation.
  • an uplink combined signal overflow prevention method, device, DAS system and storage medium are provided.
  • this embodiment provides an uplink combined signal overflow prevention method, which is applied to a DAS system.
  • the DAS system includes a near-end unit, an expansion unit and a remote unit, and the near-end unit is connected to at least One of the expansion units is connected, and each of the expansion units is connected to at least one remote unit.
  • the near-end unit and the expansion unit are respectively configured to superimpose the signals of the accessed uplink channels to obtain a combined signal. ;
  • the method includes:
  • one of the target channels is selected from the plurality of uplink channels according to the overflow state of the combined signal, and the gain coefficient of the target channel is adjusted.
  • determining whether the combining signal overflows includes:
  • selecting one of the target channels among the multiple uplink channels according to the overflow status of the combined signal, and adjusting the gain coefficient of the target channel includes:
  • a second target channel with the largest gain coefficient is selected from the plurality of uplink channels, and the gain coefficient of the second target channel is reduced.
  • selecting the first target channel with the largest signal amplitude among the multiple uplink channels includes:
  • the first target channel with the largest IQ level is determined among the plurality of upstream channels.
  • each of the upstream channels is provided with a digital attenuator
  • Increasing the gain coefficient of the first target channel includes: increasing the digital attenuation value of the digital attenuator in the first target channel; or,
  • Reducing the gain coefficient of the second target channel includes: reducing a digital attenuation value of a digital attenuator in the second target channel.
  • acquiring signals of multiple uplink channels, superimposing the signals of the multiple uplink channels to obtain a combined signal includes:
  • the signal data of the multiple uplink channels after sign bit extension are superimposed to obtain the combined signal.
  • this embodiment provides an uplink combining signal overflow prevention device, which includes: a gain control module and a combining module.
  • the output end of the gain control module is connected to the input end of the combining module.
  • the output end of the combining module is connected to the gain control module;
  • the combining module is configured to superpose the signals of multiple uplink channels to obtain a combining signal, and combine the The combined signal is output to the gain control module;
  • the gain control module is configured to receive signals from the plurality of upstream channels and detect the combined signal. When an overflow of the combined signal is detected, based on the overflow status of the combined signal, Select one of the target channels among the plurality of uplink channels, and adjust the gain coefficient of the target channel.
  • the gain control module includes: a processor, a plurality of digital attenuators, the processor is connected to the plurality of digital attenuators, and the processor is used to control the plurality of digital attenuators. .
  • this embodiment provides a DAS system, including: a proximal unit, an expansion unit and a remote unit.
  • the proximal unit is connected to at least one of the expansion units, and each of the expansion units is connected to At least one remote unit is connected, and the near-end unit and the expansion unit are respectively configured to superpose the signals of the accessed uplink channels to obtain a combined signal; wherein, the near-end unit and/or the The expansion unit is configured to perform the uplink combined signal overflow prevention method described in the first aspect above.
  • this embodiment provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • the program is executed by a processor, the uplink combining signal overflow prevention method described in the first aspect is implemented.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the topology of a DAS system according to one or more embodiments
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of an uplink combined signal overflow prevention method according to one or more embodiments
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a digital attenuator according to one or more embodiments
  • Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of an uplink combined signal overflow prevention device according to one or more embodiments.
  • Words such as “connected”, “connected”, “coupled” and the like mentioned in this application are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
  • the "plurality” mentioned in this application means two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, “A and/or B” can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Normally, the character “/” indicates that the related objects are in an “or” relationship.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. involved in this application only distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the topology of the DAS system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the system includes: a near-end unit 11 (AU), an expansion unit 12 (EU) and a remote unit 13 (RU), one local unit 11 can be connected to one or more expansion units 12, one expansion unit 12 can be directly connected to multiple remote units 13, or multiple expansion units 12 can be cascaded, each The number of expansion units 12 connected to the local unit 11 is limited, the number of remote units 13 connected to each expansion unit 12 is limited, and the number of cascaded expansion units 12 is limited.
  • a maximum of four expansion units 12 are connected to the local unit 11
  • a maximum of six remote units 13 are connected to the expansion unit 12
  • a maximum of four expansion units 12 are cascaded.
  • the near-end unit 11 and the expansion unit 12 are respectively configured to superimpose the signals of the accessed uplink channels to obtain a combined signal.
  • the base station couples the signal to the near-end unit of the optical fiber distribution system through a coupler.
  • the near-end unit processes the signal through a series of digital signals and forwards the signal to the expansion unit connected to it through each optical fiber interface.
  • the expansion unit will receive The received signal is forwarded to the connected remote unit and cascaded expansion unit.
  • the remote unit processes the signal through a series of digital signals and then sends it out through the antenna.
  • Uplink signal transmission principle The remote unit receives the signal from the antenna, and after a series of digital signal processing, transmits the signal to the corresponding expansion unit through the optical fiber.
  • the expansion unit superimposes the signals from multiple remote units and adds the superimposed signal to the corresponding expansion unit.
  • the processed signals are uploaded to the near-end unit step by step, and the near-end unit superimposes the signals from multiple expansion units. And the superimposed signal is converted into an analog signal through the DAC, and finally transmitted to the base station.
  • FIG. 1 A method for preventing overflow of uplink combined signals is provided. This method is explained by taking the method applied to the expansion unit in Figure 1 as an example, and includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 obtain signals of multiple uplink channels, superimpose the signals of multiple uplink channels, and obtain a combined signal
  • Step S102 determine whether the combining signal overflows
  • Step S103 When it is determined that the combined signal overflows, one of the target channels is selected from the multiple uplink channels according to the overflow status of the combined signal, and the gain coefficient of the target channel is adjusted.
  • the overflow state includes two types: upward overflow state and downward overflow state.
  • the upward overflow state refers to the situation when the amplitude of the combined signal is greater than the overflow threshold.
  • the downward overflow state refers to the situation when the amplitude of the combined signal is less than the overflow threshold.
  • Underflow threshold situation The following will introduce how to handle the combining signals in different overflow states.
  • EU11 is connected to RU11, RU12, RU13, and RU14.
  • EU11 needs to superimpose the signals of the four upstream channels where RU11, RU12, RU13, and RU14 are located to obtain a combined signal.
  • EU11 detects that the combined signal is in an upward overflow state, then EU11 will select the upstream channel with the largest signal amplitude among the four upstream channels as the first target channel.
  • EU11 will perform an attenuation process on the signal of RU11; in the second cycle, EU11 detects that the combined signal is still in an upward overflow state, then EU11 will reselect the upstream channel with the largest signal amplitude among the four upstream channels as the first target channel, assuming that EU11 detects that the signal amplitude of RU12 is the largest, EU11 will perform attenuation processing on the signal of RU12; this cycle will continue until in the Nth cycle, EU11 detects that the combined signal leaves the upward overflow state.
  • EU11 detects that the combined signal is in a downward overflow state, then EU11 will select the upstream channel with the largest gain coefficient as the second target channel among the four upstream channels. Assume that EU11 detects that RU11 is located If the gain coefficient of the channel is the largest, EU11 will perform an attenuation release process on the signal of RU11; in the second cycle, EU11 detects that the combined signal is still in a downward overflow state, then EU11 will re-select the gain among the four upstream channels. The upstream channel with the largest coefficient is used as the second target channel.
  • EU11 detects that the gain coefficient of the channel where RU12 is located is the largest
  • EU11 will perform an attenuation release process on the signal of RU12; this cycle continues until EU11 detects the combined path in the Nth cycle. The signal exits the underflow state.
  • the combining signal is detected in real time. Once there is an overflow of the combining signal, one of the target channels is selected among the multiple uplink channels according to the overflow status of the combining signal, and the gain coefficient of the target channel is adjusted. Perform attenuation processing or attenuation release processing on the signal of the target channel. Further, the above-mentioned steps S101 to S103 can be executed in a loop to take real-time protection measures against the overflow of the combined signal. Each time the gain coefficient of the target channel is adjusted, it can be increased or decreased step by step according to the preset amplitude. Small gain factor.
  • This embodiment prevents uplink When the combined signal overflows, it avoids excessive attenuation of the original weaker signal, and also gives priority to the signal with more attenuation, solving the problem of combined overflow of the uplink signal and achieving a reliable anti-overflow effect.
  • the related technology uses signal power (I ⁇ 2+Q ⁇ 2) to determine whether the combined signal overflows, which requires a large number of multiplier calculations.
  • the multiplier resource overhead is large and the calculation time is long. There is a delay in the combined signal overflow detection. hour.
  • the IQ level of the combined signal is compared with the overflow threshold. When the IQ level of the combined signal is greater than the overflow threshold, it is determined that the combined signal is in Upward overflow status.
  • the IQ level of the combined signal is compared with the underflow threshold. When the IQ level of the combined signal is less than the underflow threshold, it is determined that the combined signal is in an underflow state.
  • IQ In-Phase Quadrature
  • this embodiment uses the comparison of the IQ level to determine whether the combined signal overflows, which can save multiplier resources and improve the combined signal overflow detection speed.
  • the expansion unit obtains the IQ level of the signal in each upstream channel, and determines the first target channel with the largest IQ level among the multiple upstream channels. Comparing the size of the IQ level to screen the first target channel can save multiplier resources and increase the screening speed.
  • EU11 compares the IQ levels of RU11, RU12, RU13, and RU14, and finds that the IQ level of RU11 is the largest, then it determines that the channel where IQ RU11 is located is the first target channel.
  • each upstream channel is provided with a digital attenuator.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the digital attenuator in this embodiment.
  • the digital attenuation value att_Val is set in the digital attenuator.
  • att_Val is multiplied by data_IQ1 to output the IQ data data_IQ2.
  • the IQ data includes the IQ level.
  • the signal When the signal needs to be attenuated, it can be achieved by increasing the digital attenuation value of the digital attenuator; when the signal needs to be attenuated and released, it can be achieved by decreasing the digital attenuation value of the digital attenuator.
  • acquiring the signals of multiple uplink channels, superposing the signals of the multiple uplink channels, and obtaining the combined signal includes: performing sign bit extension on the IQ data output by each uplink channel; The IQ data of multiple upstream channels after sign bit expansion are superimposed to obtain a combined signal.
  • the expansion unit judges each received IQ data. Assuming that the 12-bit signed IQ data is 0dB at full amplitude, the overflow threshold can be set to -6dB and the underflow threshold can be set to -7.5dB.
  • the expansion unit superimposes the received uplink signal. Taking the input as 12-bit signed IQ data as an example, it first performs sign bit extension on the 12-bit IQ data to generate a 16-bit wide signed number. Then each 16-bit channel IQ data is superimposed, and the combined signal after superposition is a 16-bit signed number to support the superposition of 16-channel signed IQ data. The expansion unit judges each received IQ data. Assuming that the 12-bit signed IQ data is 0dB at full amplitude, the overflow threshold can be set to -6dB and the underflow threshold can be set to -7.5dB.
  • the combined signal is considered to be too large. At this time, it is judged which channel has the largest data among all channel signals, and then the largest channel signal is The amplitude of the internal digital domain is attenuated, and each attenuation amplitude is 1dB. At the next moment, the same judgment is made on the signal until the amplitude of the combined signal does not exceed -6dB.
  • Attenuation release if the amplitude of the combined 16-bit IQ data is less than -7.5dB, the combined signal is considered too small, and the originally attenuated signal channel needs to be released, 1dB each time.
  • the principle of attenuation release release the signal with the largest attenuation first, and at the next moment, perform a cyclic judgment on the signal until all attenuation is released.
  • This solution can be used for equipment with combined circuit overflow protection, not only for EU equipment, but also for AU equipment. All attenuation and release are performed in real time, and each data valid moment is judged to ensure that the data transmitted to the upper level does not overflow.
  • EU35 perform uplink combined overflow protection on the devices mounted under it (that is, RU33 ⁇ RU38).
  • the devices mounted under it that is, RU33 ⁇ RU38.
  • it has its own digital attenuator, that is, it has its own att_Val value.
  • the digital attenuator please refer to Figure 3.
  • EU35 when EU35 detects that the combined signal is greater than the overflow threshold, if EU35 determines that the IQ level of RU33 is the largest, it increases the digital attenuation value of the channel where RU33 is located, and the increase unit is 1dB.
  • EU35 detects that the combined signal is still greater than the overflow threshold. If EU35 determines that the IQ level of RU34 is the largest, it increases the digital attenuation value of the channel where RU34 is located, and the increase unit is 1dB.
  • the signal begins to roll back.
  • EU35 detects that the combined signal is less than the underflow threshold, if EU35 determines that the digital attenuation value of the channel where RU36 is located is the largest, it will reduce the digital attenuation value of the channel.
  • EU35 detects that the combined signal is still less than the underflow threshold. If EU35 determines that the digital attenuation value of the channel where RU37 is located is the largest, it reduces the digital attenuation value of the channel.
  • the uplink combined signal overflow prevention method in the above embodiment can also be run in the near-end unit, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
  • This embodiment also provides an uplink combined signal overflow prevention device, which is used to implement any of the above embodiments. Those that have already been described will not be described again.
  • the terms “module”, “unit”, “subunit”, etc. used below may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements predetermined functions. Although the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
  • Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of the uplink combining signal overflow prevention device of this embodiment.
  • the device includes: a gain control module 41, a combining module 42, the output end of the gain control module 41 and the combining module 42
  • the input end of the combining module 42 is connected to the gain control module 41 .
  • the combining module 42 is configured to superpose the signals of multiple uplink channels to obtain a combined signal, and output the combined signal to the gain control module 41;
  • the gain control module 41 is configured to receive the signals of the multiple uplink channels. , and detect the combined signal. When overflow of the combined signal is detected, one of the target channels is selected among multiple uplink channels according to the overflow status of the combined signal, and the gain coefficient of the target channel is adjusted.
  • the gain control module 41 includes: a processor and a plurality of digital attenuators, the processor is connected to the plurality of digital attenuators, and the processor is used to control the plurality of digital attenuators.
  • the uplink combined signal overflow prevention device can be implemented using FPGA, and the FPGA can be installed as a core component inside the expansion unit and the near-end unit.
  • each of the above modules can be a functional module or a program module, and can be implemented by software or hardware.
  • each of the above-mentioned modules can be located in the same processor; or each of the above-mentioned modules can also be located in different processors in any combination.
  • this embodiment may also provide a storage medium for implementation.
  • the storage medium stores a computer program; when the computer program is executed by the processor, any one of the uplink combining signal overflow prevention methods in the above embodiments is implemented.

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Abstract

一种上行合路信号防溢出方法、装置、DAS系统和存储介质。该方法包括获取多个上行通道的信号，对多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号；判断合路信号是否溢出；在判断到合路信号溢出的情况下，根据合路信号的溢出状态，在多个上行通道中选取其中一个目标通道，调整目标通道的增益系数。

Description

上行合路信号防溢出方法、装置、DAS系统和存储介质
相关申请
本申请要求2022年7月18日申请的，申请号为202210843079.9，名称为“上行合路信号防溢出方法、装置、DAS系统和存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及光纤分布系统领域，特别是涉及一种上行合路信号防溢出方法、装置、DAS系统和存储介质。
背景技术
传统的光纤分布系统(Distributed Antenna System，简称DAS)，由近端单元(Administration Unit，简称AU)、扩展单元(Extended Unit，简称EU)和远端单元(Remote Unit，简称RU)构成。下行信号从基站出发，依次经由近端单元、扩展单元、远端单元，最后通过天线发送出去，完成信号的覆盖；反之，上行信号通过天线接收，依次经由远端单元、扩展单元、近端单元，最后传回至基站。当近端单元下连接多个扩展单元，或者扩展单元下连接多个远端单元，需要对多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到上行合路信号，而上行合路信号会出现一定概率的溢出情况，导致信号失真，影响解调。
在相关技术中，通常是对叠加后的信号进行处理，但是，若此时直接衰减上行合路信号，会导致原本信号较弱的远端单元也同时被衰减，影响对这类远端单元上传信号的解调。
针对相关技术中存在上行信号合路溢出的问题，目前还没有提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供了一种上行合路信号防溢出方法、装置、DAS系统和存储介质。
第一个方面，在本实施例中提供了一种上行合路信号防溢出方法，应用于DAS系统，所述DAS系统包括近端单元、扩展单元和远端单元，所述近端单元与至少一个所述扩展单元连接，各所述扩展单元与至少一个远端单元连接，所述近端单元和所述扩展单元分别被配置为对所接入的上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号；所述方法包括：
获取多个上行通道的信号，对所述多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号；
判断所述合路信号是否溢出；
在判断到所述合路信号溢出的情况下，根据所述合路信号的溢出状态，在所述多个上行通道中选取其中一个目标通道，调整所述目标通道的增益系数。
在其中一些实施例中，判断所述合路信号是否溢出包括：
将所述合路信号的IQ电平与上溢门限值比较，在所述合路信号的IQ电平大于所述上溢门限值的情况下，确定所述合路信号处于向上溢出状态；或者，
将所述合路信号的IQ电平与下溢门限值比较，在所述合路信号的IQ电平小于所述下溢门限值的情况下，确定所述合路信号处于向下溢出状态。
在其中一些实施例中，根据所述合路信号的溢出状态，在所述多个上行通道中选取其中一个目标通道，调整所述目标通道的增益系数包括：
在所述合路信号处于向上溢出状态的情况下，在所述多个上行通道中选取信号幅度最大的第一目标通道，增大所述第一目标通道的增益系数；或者，
在所述合路信号处于向下溢出状态的情况下，在所述多个上行通道中选取增益系数最大的第二目标通道，减小所述第二目标通道的增益系数。
在其中一些实施例中，在所述多个上行通道中选取信号幅度最大的第一目标通道包括：
获取各所述上行通道中信号的IQ电平；
在所述多个上行通道中确定IQ电平最大的所述第一目标通道。
在其中一些实施例中，各所述上行通道设置有数字衰减器；
增大所述第一目标通道的增益系数包括：增大所述第一目标通道中数字衰减器的数字衰减值；或者，
减小所述第二目标通道的增益系数包括：减小所述第二目标通道中数字衰减器的数字衰减值。
在其中一些实施例中，获取多个上行通道的信号，对所述多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号包括：
对各所述上行通道的信号数据进行符号位扩展；
将经过符号位扩展后的所述多个上行通道的信号数据进行叠加，得到所述合路信号。
第二个方面，在本实施例中提供了一种上行合路信号防溢出装置，包括：增益控制模块、合路模块，所述增益控制模块的输出端与所述合路模块的输入端连接，所述合路模块的输出端与所述增益控制模块连接；
所述合路模块，被配置为对多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号，并将所述 合路信号输出至所述增益控制模块；
所述增益控制模块，被配置为接收所述多个上行通道的信号，以及检测所述合路信号，在检测到所述合路信号溢出的情况下，根据所述合路信号的溢出状态，在所述多个上行通道中选取其中一个目标通道，调整所述目标通道的增益系数。
在其中一些实施例中，所述增益控制模块包括：处理器、多个数字衰减器，所述处理器与所述多个数字衰减器连接，所述处理器用于控制所述多个数字衰减器。
第三个方面，在本实施例中提供了一种DAS系统，包括：近端单元、扩展单元和远端单元，所述近端单元与至少一个所述扩展单元连接，各所述扩展单元与至少一个远端单元连接，所述近端单元和所述扩展单元分别被配置为对所接入的上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号；其中，所述近端单元和/或所述扩展单元被配置执行上述第一个方面所述的上行合路信号防溢出方法。
第四个方面，在本实施例中提供了一种存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现上述第一个方面所述的上行合路信号防溢出方法。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1是根据一个或多个实施例的DAS系统的拓扑结构示意图；
图2是根据一个或多个实施例的上行合路信号防溢出方法的流程图；
图3是根据一个或多个实施例的数字衰减器的工作原理示意图；
图4是根据一个或多个实施例的上行合路信号防溢出装置的结构框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
为更清楚地理解本申请的目的、技术方案和优点，下面结合附图和实施例，对本申请进行了描述和说明。
除另作定义外，本申请所涉及的技术术语或者科学术语应具有本申请所属技术领域具备一般技能的人所理解的一般含义。在本申请中的“一”、“一个”、“一种”、“该”、“这些”等类似的词并不表示数量上的限制，它们可以是单数或者复数。在本申请中所涉及的术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”及其任何变体，其目的是涵盖不排他的包含；例如，包含一系列步骤或模块(单元)的过程、方法和系统、产品或设备并未限定于列出的步骤或模块(单元)，而可包括未列出的步骤或模块(单元)，或者可包括这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其他步骤或模块(单元)。在本申请中所涉及的“连接”、“相连”、“耦接”等类似的词语并不限定于物理的或机械连接，而可以包括电气连接，无论是直接连接还是间接连接。在本申请中所涉及的“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，“A和/或B”可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。通常情况下，字符“/”表示前后关联的对象是一种“或”的关系。在本申请中所涉及的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等，只是对相似对象进行区分，并不代表针对对象的特定排序。
请参阅图1，图1是本申请一实施例中DAS系统的拓扑结构示意图，如图1所示，该系统包括：近端单元11(AU)、扩展单元12(EU)和远端单元13(RU)，一个近端单元11下可以连接一个或者多个扩展单元12，一个扩展单元12下可以直接连接多个远端单元13，也可以是将多个扩展单元12进行级联，每一个近端单元11下连接的扩展单元12数目有限，每个扩展单元12下连接的远端单元13数目有限，且级联的扩展单元12数目有限。在本实施例中，近端单元11下最多连接4个扩展单元12，扩展单元12下最多连接6个远端单元13，最多级联4个扩展单元12。近端单元11和扩展单元12分别被配置为对所接入的上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号。
以下将介绍DAS系统的工作原理。
下行信号传输原理：基站将信号通过耦合器耦合到光纤分布系统的近端单元，近端单元通过一系列数字信号处理后将信号通过各光纤接口转发给其下连接的扩展单元，扩展单元将接收到的信号转发给其下连接的远端单元和级联的扩展单元，远端单元将信号经过一系列数字信号处理后通过天线发送出去。
上行信号传输原理：远端单元从天线接收信号，并经过一系列数字信号处理后，通过光纤将信号传输到相应的扩展单元，扩展单元对来自多个远端单元的信号进行叠加，并将叠加处理后的信号逐级上传至近端单元，近端单元对来自多个扩展单元的信号进行叠加， 并将叠加处理后的信号通过DAC转换成模拟信号，最终传送到基站。
在一个实施例中，请参阅图2，提供了一种上行合路信号防溢出方法，以该方法应用于图1中的扩展单元为例进行说明，包括如下步骤：
步骤S101，获取多个上行通道的信号，对多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号；
步骤S102，判断合路信号是否溢出；
步骤S103，在判断到合路信号溢出的情况下，根据合路信号的溢出状态，在多个上行通道中选取其中一个目标通道，调整目标通道的增益系数。
溢出状态包括向上溢出状态和向下溢出状态两种类型，向上溢出状态，指的是合路信号的幅度大于上溢门限值的情况，向下溢出状态，指的是合路信号的幅度小于下溢门限值的情况。以下将对如何处理不同溢出状态下的合路信号进行介绍。
示例性地，参考图1，EU11下连接了RU11、RU12、RU13、RU14，则EU11需要对RU11、RU12、RU13、RU14所在的4条上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号。在第一周期，EU11检测到合路信号处于向上溢出状态，则EU11会在4条上行通道中，选择信号幅度最大的上行通道作为第一目标通道，假设EU11检测到RU11的信号幅度最大，则EU11将对RU11的信号进行一次衰减处理；在第二周期，EU11检测到合路信号仍旧处于向上溢出状态，则EU11会在4条上行通道中，重新选择信号幅度最大的上行通道作为第一目标通道，假设EU11检测到RU12的信号幅度最大，则EU11将对RU12的信号进行一次衰减处理；如此循环，直至在第N周期，EU11检测到合路信号脱离向上溢出状态。
示例性地，在第一周期，EU11检测到合路信号处于向下溢出状态，则EU11会在4条上行通道中，选择增益系数最大的上行通道作为第二目标通道，假设EU11检测到RU11所在通道的增益系数最大，则EU11将对RU11的信号进行一次衰减释放处理；在第二周期，EU11检测到合路信号仍旧处于向下溢出状态，则EU11会在4条上行通道中，重新选择增益系数最大的上行通道作为第二目标通道，假设EU11检测到RU12所在通道的增益系数最大，则EU11将对RU12的信号进行一次衰减释放处理；如此循环，直至在第N周期，EU11检测到合路信号脱离向下溢出状态。
在上述步骤S101至S103中，实时检测合路信号，一旦存在合路信号溢出，则根据合路信号的溢出状态，在多个上行通道中选取其中一个目标通道，调整目标通道的增益系数，以对目标通道的信号进行衰减处理或者衰减释放处理。进一步地，上述步骤S101至S103可以循环执行，以对合路信号溢出情况采取实时保护措施，其中，在每一次调整目标通道的增益系数时，可以按照预设幅度，步进式增大或者减小增益系数。本实施例在防止上行 合路信号溢出的同时，避免了对原本较弱信号的过度衰减，同时也对衰减较多的信号给予优先释放的机会，解决了上行信号合路溢出的问题，实现了可靠的防溢出效果。
相关技术通过信号功率(I^2+Q^2)来判断合路信号是否溢出，需要用到大量乘法器计算，乘法器资源开销较大，计算时间也较长，合路信号溢出检测存在延时。为了解决该问题，在一个实施例中，将合路信号的IQ电平与上溢门限值比较，在合路信号的IQ电平大于上溢门限值的情况下，确定合路信号处于向上溢出状态。可选地，将合路信号的IQ电平与下溢门限值比较，在合路信号的IQ电平小于下溢门限值的情况下，确定合路信号处于向下溢出状态。其中，IQ(In-Phase Quadrature)是指同相正交信号。相比于相关技术，本实施例采用比较IQ电平的大小来判断合路信号是否溢出，能够节约乘法器资源，同时提升合路信号溢出检测速度。
在一个实施例中，扩展单元获取各上行通道中信号的IQ电平，在多个上行通道中确定IQ电平最大的第一目标通道。采用比较IQ电平的大小来筛选第一目标通道，能够节约乘法器资源，同时提升筛选速度。
示例性地，EU11比较RU11、RU12、RU13、RU14的IQ电平，得到RU11的IQ电平最大，则确定IQ RU11所在通道为第一目标通道。
在一个实施例中，各上行通道设置有数字衰减器。请参阅图3，图3为本实施例中数字衰减器的工作原理示意图，在数字衰减器中设置数字衰减值att_Val，当输入IQ数据data_IQ1时，将att_Val与data_IQ1相乘，输出IQ数据data_IQ2。其中，IQ数据包含有IQ电平。
当需要对信号进行衰减处理时，可以通过增大数字衰减器的数字衰减值来实现；当需要对信号进行衰减释放处理时，可以通过减小数字衰减器的数字衰减值来实现。
由于通信系统中传输的二进制信号位宽都是固定的，这种情况下，多个二进制数求和就可能出现固定位宽不能正确表示信号叠加的结果，导致出现溢出的情况。为解决该问题，在一个实施例中，获取多个上行通道的信号，对多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号包括：对各上行通道输出的IQ数据进行符号位扩展；将经过符号位扩展后的多个上行通道的IQ数据进行叠加，得到合路信号。
以输入为12bit的有符号IQ数据为例，先对12bit的IQ数据进行符号位扩展，生成一个16bit位宽的有符号数，然后对每个16bit的通道IQ数据进行叠加，叠加后的合路信号为16bit的有符号数，以支持16通道的有符号IQ数据叠加。扩展单元对接收到的每个IQ数据进行判断，假设12bit的有符号IQ数据，满幅度时为0dB，可以设置上溢门限值为-6dB，下溢门限值为-7.5dB。
如此设置，先对求和的二进制数进行高位符号位的扩展，再进行求和操作，从而避免数据溢出。
以下通过可选实施例对本申请的上行合路信号防溢出方法进行介绍。
在一个实施例中，扩展单元对接收到的上行信号进行叠加，以输入为12bit的有符号IQ数据为例，先对12bit的IQ数据进行符号位扩展，生成一个16bit位宽的有符号数，然后对每个16bit的通道IQ数据进行叠加，叠加后的合路信号为16bit的有符号数，以支持16通道的有符号IQ数据叠加。扩展单元对接收到的每个IQ数据进行判断，假设12bit的有符号IQ数据，满幅度时为0dB，可以设置上溢门限值为-6dB，下溢门限值为-7.5dB。
对于信号衰减，若合路后的16bit的IQ数据其幅度超过-6dB，则认为该合路信号过大，此时去判断在所有通道信号中哪个通道的数据最大，然后对最大的通道信号进行内部的数字域的幅度衰减，每次衰减幅度为1dB。在下一个时刻，对信号进行相同的判断，直到合路信号的幅度不超过-6dB。
对于信号衰减释放，若合路后的16bit的IQ数据其幅度不足-7.5dB时，则认为该合路信号过小，需要对原本有衰减的信号通道进行释放，每次释放1dB。衰减释放的原则：先释放原本衰减最大的信号，在下一个时刻，对信号进行循环判断，直至所有的衰减都释放为止。
该方案可用于具有合路溢出保护的设备，不仅限于EU设备，在AU设备中同样适用。所有的衰减和释放都是实时执行，每个数据有效时刻都在判断，以保证往上级传送的数据不处于溢出状态。
以EU35所示的设备为例，对其下所挂载的设备(即RU33～RU38)进行上行合路溢出保护处理。其中，对于每一台RU设备，都有各自的数字衰减器，即有各自的att_Val值，数字衰减器可参考图3。
在第一周期，当EU35检测到合路信号大于上溢门限值时，若EU35判断到RU33的IQ电平最大，则增加RU33所在通道的数字衰减值，增加单位为1dB。
在第二周期，EU35检测到合路信号依旧大于上溢门限值，若EU35判断到RU34的IQ电平最大，则增加RU34所在通道的数字衰减值，增加单位为1dB。
如此循环，直至合路信号脱离向上溢出状态。
在第N周期，信号开始回退，当EU35检测到合路信号小于下溢门限值时，若EU35判断到RU36所在通道的数字衰减值最大，则减小该通道的数字衰减值。
在第N+1周期，EU35检测到合路信号依旧小于下溢门限值，若EU35判断到RU37所在通道的数字衰减值最大，则减小该通道的数字衰减值。
如此循环，直至合路信号脱离向下溢出状态。
基于和扩展单元相近的原理，上述实施例的上行合路信号防溢出方法也可以在近端单元中运行，本实施例不再赘述。
在本实施例中还提供了一种上行合路信号防溢出装置，该装置用于实现上述任一实施例，已经进行过说明的不再赘述。以下所使用的术语“模块”、“单元”、“子单元”等可以实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合。尽管在以下实施例中所描述的装置较佳地以软件来实现，但是硬件，或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。
图4是本实施例的上行合路信号防溢出装置的结构框图，如图4所示，该装置包括：增益控制模块41、合路模块42，增益控制模块41的输出端与合路模块42的输入端连接，合路模块42的输出端与增益控制模块41连接。合路模块42，被配置为对多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号，并将合路信号输出至增益控制模块41；增益控制模块41，被配置为接收多个上行通道的信号，以及检测合路信号，在检测到合路信号溢出的情况下，根据合路信号的溢出状态，在多个上行通道中选取其中一个目标通道，调整目标通道的增益系数。
在一个实施例中，增益控制模块41包括：处理器、多个数字衰减器，处理器与多个数字衰减器连接，处理器用于控制多个数字衰减器。
在一个实施例中，上行合路信号防溢出装置可采用FPGA实现，FPGA可以作为核心部件安装在扩展单元和近端单元的内部。
需要说明的是，上述各个模块可以是功能模块也可以是程序模块，既可以通过软件来实现，也可以通过硬件来实现。对于通过硬件来实现的模块而言，上述各个模块可以位于同一处理器中；或者上述各个模块还可以按照任意组合的形式分别位于不同的处理器中。
此外，结合上述实施例中提供的上行合路信号防溢出方法，在本实施例中还可以提供一种存储介质来实现。该存储介质上存储有计算机程序；该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述实施例中的任意一种上行合路信号防溢出方法。
应该明白的是，这里描述的具体实施例只是用来解释这个应用，而不是用来对它进行限定。根据本申请提供的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在不进行创造性劳动的情况下得到的所有其它实施例，均属本申请保护范围。
显然，附图只是本申请的一些例子或实施例，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，也可以根据这些附图将本申请适用于其他类似情况，但无需付出创造性劳动。另外，可以理解的是，尽管在此开发过程中所做的工作可能是复杂和漫长的，但是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，根据本申请披露的技术内容进行的某些设计、制造或生产等更改仅是常规的技 术手段，不应被视为本申请公开的内容不足。
“实施例”一词在本申请中指的是结合实施例描述的具体特征、结构或特性可以包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。该短语出现在说明书中的各个位置并不一定意味着相同的实施例，也不意味着与其它实施例相互排斥而具有独立性或可供选择。本领域的普通技术人员能够清楚或隐含地理解的是，本申请中描述的实施例在没有冲突的情况下，可以与其它实施例结合。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种上行合路信号防溢出方法，应用于DAS系统，所述DAS系统包括近端单元、扩展单元和远端单元，所述近端单元与至少一个所述扩展单元连接，各所述扩展单元与至少一个远端单元连接，所述近端单元和所述扩展单元分别被配置为对所接入的上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号；其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    获取多个上行通道的信号，对所述多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号；
    判断所述合路信号是否溢出；
    在判断到所述合路信号溢出的情况下，根据所述合路信号的溢出状态，在所述多个上行通道中选取其中一个目标通道，调整所述目标通道的增益系数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的上行合路信号防溢出方法，其中，判断所述合路信号是否溢出包括：
    将所述合路信号的IQ电平与上溢门限值比较，在所述合路信号的IQ电平大于所述上溢门限值的情况下，确定所述合路信号处于向上溢出状态；或者，
    将所述合路信号的IQ电平与下溢门限值比较，在所述合路信号的IQ电平小于所述下溢门限值的情况下，确定所述合路信号处于向下溢出状态。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的上行合路信号防溢出方法，其中，根据所述合路信号的溢出状态，在所述多个上行通道中选取其中一个目标通道，调整所述目标通道的增益系数包括：
    在所述合路信号处于向上溢出状态的情况下，在所述多个上行通道中选取信号幅度最大的第一目标通道，增大所述第一目标通道的增益系数；或者，
    在所述合路信号处于向下溢出状态的情况下，在所述多个上行通道中选取增益系数最大的第二目标通道，减小所述第二目标通道的增益系数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的上行合路信号防溢出方法，其中，在所述多个上行通道中选取信号幅度最大的第一目标通道包括：
    获取各所述上行通道中信号的IQ电平；
    在所述多个上行通道中确定IQ电平最大的所述第一目标通道。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的上行合路信号防溢出方法，其中，各所述上行通道设置有数字衰减器；
    增大所述第一目标通道的增益系数包括：增大所述第一目标通道中数字衰减器的数字衰减值；或者，
    减小所述第二目标通道的增益系数包括：减小所述第二目标通道中数字衰减器的数字衰减值。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的上行合路信号防溢出方法，其中，获取多个上行通道的信号，对所述多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号包括：
    对各所述上行通道的信号数据进行符号位扩展；
    将经过符号位扩展后的所述多个上行通道的信号数据进行叠加，得到所述合路信号。
  7. 一种上行合路信号防溢出装置，其中，包括：增益控制模块、合路模块，所述增益控制模块的输出端与所述合路模块的输入端连接，所述合路模块的输出端与所述增益控制模块连接；
    所述合路模块，被配置为对多个上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号，并将所述合路信号输出至所述增益控制模块；
    所述增益控制模块，被配置为接收所述多个上行通道的信号，以及检测所述合路信号，在检测到所述合路信号溢出的情况下，根据所述合路信号的溢出状态，在所述多个上行通道中选取其中一个目标通道，调整所述目标通道的增益系数。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的上行合路信号防溢出装置，其中，所述增益控制模块包括：处理器、多个数字衰减器，所述处理器与所述多个数字衰减器连接，所述处理器用于控制所述多个数字衰减器。
  9. 一种DAS系统，其特征在于，包括：近端单元、扩展单元和远端单元，所述近端单元与至少一个所述扩展单元连接，各所述扩展单元与至少一个远端单元连接，所述近端单元和所述扩展单元分别被配置为对所接入的上行通道的信号进行叠加，得到合路信号；其中，所述近端单元和/或所述扩展单元被配置为执行权利要求1至6中任一项所述的上行合路信号防溢出方法。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1至6中任一项所述的上行合路信号防溢出方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2023/106042 2022-07-18 2023-07-06 上行合路信号防溢出方法、装置、das系统和存储介质 WO2024017067A1 (zh)

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