WO2024016412A1 - 栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元及施工方法 - Google Patents

栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元及施工方法 Download PDF

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WO2024016412A1
WO2024016412A1 PCT/CN2022/112352 CN2022112352W WO2024016412A1 WO 2024016412 A1 WO2024016412 A1 WO 2024016412A1 CN 2022112352 W CN2022112352 W CN 2022112352W WO 2024016412 A1 WO2024016412 A1 WO 2024016412A1
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steel
wall
steel plate
welding
plate
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PCT/CN2022/112352
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English (en)
French (fr)
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兰涛
李然
傅彦青
秦广冲
薛辰
高睿祥
张黎明
门进杰
Original Assignee
中国船舶重工集团国际工程有限公司
中冶建筑研究总院有限公司
西安建筑科技大学
青岛理工大学
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Publication of WO2024016412A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024016412A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/08—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/023—Separate connecting devices for prefabricated floor-slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/08—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of metal, e.g. sheet metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of building structure engineering, and in particular relates to a bolted welding combined box plate assembled steel structure building system and a construction method.
  • the box-board prefabricated steel structure building is proposed based on the rib structure of the ship's superstructure. It is a box-type structure in which ribbed steel plates are directly used as load-bearing walls and floors.
  • the construction method of this new structural system is carried out by combining factory prefabrication and on-site installation, which has the advantages of fast construction and low cost. At the same time, compared with reinforced concrete building structures, it can increase the building's usable area, reduce its own weight, and improve the seismic performance of the building.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a bolted welding combined box plate assembled steel structure building unit, which can improve the above-mentioned existing problems in the prior art.
  • the steel plate wall is prone to local buckling under the action of horizontal loads, resulting in bulging and surface bulging.
  • the present invention provides a bolted and welded box plate assembled steel structure building unit, which includes a plurality of steel plate walls and steel floor slabs.
  • the above steel plate walls are connected by one or more wall steel plates.
  • the above-mentioned steel plate walls are connected left and right to form a wall structure; stiffening ribs are evenly arranged on the inside of the above-mentioned wall steel plate and the bottom side of the above-mentioned steel floor slab, and the above-mentioned stiffening rib is welded to the wall steel plate through intermittent welding; among the above-mentioned wall steel plates
  • corner connectors are used for bolt connections; between the above-mentioned corner connectors, between corner connectors and wall steel plates, and between corner connectors and steel plates
  • the walls, corner connectors and steel floor slabs are all repaired by intermittent welding; door and window openings according to design requirements are reserved on the above-mentioned wall steel plates
  • the above-mentioned corner connector is a double-row hole or single-row hole connector; and/or the above-mentioned corner connector may be L-shaped or sector-shaped.
  • L-shaped transverse stiffeners are added to the inside of the window.
  • the corner connectors between the above-mentioned steel plate walls are L-shaped corner connectors with double rows of holes, and/or the corner connectors between the above-mentioned steel plate walls and the steel plate building are single-row holes. L-shaped connector.
  • the stiffening ribs provided on the inside of the wall steel plate include L-shaped angle steel and T-shaped angle steel, and the above-mentioned L-shaped angle steel and T-shaped angle steel are arranged vertically alternately in parallel.
  • the stiffening ribs provided on the bottom side of the steel floor slab include L-shaped angle steel and T-shaped angle steel, and the above-mentioned L-shaped angle steel and T-shaped angle steel are arranged vertically and staggered with each other.
  • the web of the T-shaped angle steel is vertically welded to the inside of the wall steel panel or the bottom side of the steel floor, and one side of the L-shaped angle steel is vertically welded to the inside of the wall steel panel or the bottom side of the steel floor.
  • a truss beam is provided above the door and window opening.
  • Bolt holes are provided at both left and right ends of the truss beam.
  • the truss beam is connected to its adjacent steel plate wall through bolts.
  • the above-mentioned truss beam is connected to its adjacent steel plate wall through bolts, it is further welded to the above-mentioned wall steel plate through intermittent welding.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method of bolted welding combined with box plate assembled steel structure building units, which includes the following steps:
  • S12 Weld the stiffeners and corner connectors to the inside of the above-mentioned wall steel panels and the bottom side of the above-mentioned steel floor slabs using interrupted welding.
  • the stiffeners on the inside of the wall steel panels are arranged parallel to each other, and the stiffeners on the inside of the steel floor panels are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the stiffeners are arranged perpendicular to each other;
  • the present invention also includes a step S15 of setting up a truss beam.
  • the truss beam is connected to its adjacent steel plate wall through bolts, and then welded to the above-mentioned wall steel plate through intermittent welding.
  • the present invention also provides a bolted welding combined box plate assembled steel structure building system, which is composed of a plurality of bolted welded combined box plate assembled steel structure building units spliced in the horizontal direction and/or the height direction.
  • the present invention provides a box-board assembled steel structure building combined by bolt welding, and a connection and installation method of the box-board assembled steel structure, which can realize the combination of bolts and welding.
  • the new connection method can effectively reduce the impact of residual stress caused by welding on structural performance, reduce the residual deformation caused by welding, have higher safety, and greatly improve production efficiency and cost. It has lower advantages and can be widely used in box-board assembled steel structure buildings. Specifically, it has at least the following practical effects:
  • Box plate assembled steel structures are generally connected by welding.
  • the present invention uses a combination of bolts and welding to connect, which can reduce the welding residual stress generated by welding, reduce the welding residual deformation, and improve the load-bearing capacity of the steel plate wall. ;
  • corner connector can change the connection between adjacent steel plate walls from a pure welding method to a bolt welding connection, reducing the need for welding.
  • the residual stress generated improves the connection performance of box-board assembled steel structure buildings and enhances the stability of the overall structure;
  • the steel plate wall and steel floor slab of the present invention are provided with stiffening ribs.
  • the stiffening ribs are welded to the wall steel plate through intermittent welding, which can reduce the residual stress generated by welding and reduce the phenomenon of local buckling or bulging of the wall surface.
  • Opening a hole has a great influence on the overall performance of the steel plate wall, and stress concentration will occur.
  • the present invention prevents the occurrence of stress around the opening by adding an L-shaped transverse stiffening rib on the inside of the window and connecting a truss beam with bolts above the door opening. stress concentration;
  • stiffening ribs are welded and prefabricated, making them easy to install on site, saving construction time and reducing construction difficulty;
  • Wall steel plates with angle steel can effectively prevent excessive deformation of the steel plates during transportation by adding corner connectors at the edges of the steel plates;
  • Pre-positioning between the steel plate and the corner connector can achieve accurate positioning of bolt installation during the installation process, reduce errors during the construction process, and improve the production efficiency of ribbed steel plate walls.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
  • connection In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements.
  • connection connection
  • fixing and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements.
  • one embodiment of the present invention first provides a bolted and welded box plate assembled steel structure building unit, which includes a plurality of steel plate walls and steel floor slabs.
  • the steel plate wall is composed of multiple wall steel plates 6 connected together.
  • the above-mentioned steel plate walls 6 are connected left and right to form a wall structure.
  • both wall panels and floor slabs are made of pure steel structure.
  • This structural system uses slightly more steel than the traditional steel-concrete structure, but it saves the amount of concrete on the walls and ground, achieving a higher While having structural strength, the overall cost is lower.
  • corner connectors are used for bolt connection between the wall steel plates 6, between the steel plate walls, and between the steel floor plates and the corresponding steel plate walls.
  • the bolt connection method can withstand larger vertical loads and improve the structural bearing capacity and seismic performance.
  • corner connectors 3 and the wall steel plate 6, and the corner connector 3 and Repair welding is performed between the steel plate wall, the corner connector 3 and the steel floor slab by intermittent welding.
  • Box plate assembled steel structures are generally connected by welding.
  • the present invention uses a combination of bolts and welding to connect, which can reduce the welding residual stress generated by welding, reduce the welding residual deformation, and improve the load-bearing capacity of the steel plate wall.
  • stiffening ribs are evenly arranged on the inside of the wall steel plate and the bottom side of the above-mentioned steel floor slab.
  • the stiffening ribs include L-shaped angle steel 2 and T-shaped angle steel 1.
  • the above-mentioned T The web of the L-shaped angle steel is vertically welded to the inside of the wall steel plate or the bottom side of the steel floor, and one side of the above-mentioned L-shaped angle steel is vertically welded to the inside of the wall steel plate or the bottom side of the steel floor.
  • the L-shaped angle steel 2 and T-shaped angle steel 1 on the inside of the wall steel plate are arranged vertically and alternately in parallel, and the above-mentioned L-shaped angle steel and T-shaped angle steel on the bottom side of the steel floor slab are arranged vertically and staggered with each other.
  • the stiffeners are welded to the wall steel plates by intermittent welding.
  • This invention draws on the concept of ship superstructure and adds stiffening ribs on the inside of the steel wall and the bottom side of the steel floor, which can greatly enhance the load-bearing capacity and stiffness of the plate, avoid compression deformation and instability damage, and improve the steel structure system. security.
  • the stiffening ribs are welded to the wall steel plate through intermittent welding, which can also reduce the residual stress generated by the welding and reduce the phenomenon of local buckling or bulging of the wall surface.
  • corner connectors 3 are provided at the left and right ends of the wall steel panels 6.
  • the corner connectors 3 are connected between adjacent wall steel panels 6 through bolt connections 7, and the wall steel panels 6 are connected to each other by bolts 7.
  • Intermittent welding and repair welding is performed between the body steel plate 6 and the angle connector 7 and between the angle connector 3 and the angle connector 3, which can reduce the residual stress generated by the welding and enhance the stability of the overall structure.
  • the corner connector of the present invention may be L-shaped or sector-shaped. As shown in Figure 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, the corner connector is L-shaped; according to another embodiment of the present invention, the corner connector is sector-shaped.
  • the opening shape of the angle connector is mainly adjusted according to the overall shape of the building unit. For example: if the building unit is a regular rectangle, L-shaped corner connectors are needed between the steel plate walls; if the building unit is polygonal, fan-shaped corner connectors are needed between the steel plate walls.
  • the corner connector of the present invention can be a double-row hole connector or a single-row hole connector. As shown in Figure 11, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the corner connectors between steel plate walls are double-row L-shaped corner connectors, and the corner connectors between the steel plate wall and the steel plate building are single-row holes. Hole L-shaped connector.
  • door and window openings 8 are reserved on the steel plate panels of the wall according to the design requirements.
  • the openings have a greater impact on the overall performance of the steel plate wall and may cause stress concentration.
  • One embodiment of the present invention prevents stress concentration around the opening by adding an L-shaped transverse stiffener 2 on the inside of the window and bolting a truss beam 9 above the door opening 8 .
  • the left and right ends of the truss beam 9 are provided with bolt holes, and the truss beam is connected to its adjacent steel plate wall through bolt connections 7 .
  • the above-mentioned truss beam is connected to the adjacent steel plate wall through bolts, it is also welded to the above-mentioned wall steel plate through intermittent welding.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a construction method of bolted welding combined with box plate assembled steel structure building units, which includes the following steps:
  • Step S11 Prefabricate the above-mentioned wall steel panels and steel floor slabs. This step takes place in the precast factory.
  • Step S12 Weld the stiffening ribs and corner connectors to the inside of the above-mentioned wall steel plate and the bottom side of the above-mentioned steel floor slab using interrupted welding.
  • the stiffening ribs on the inside of the wall steel plate are arranged parallel to each other, and the bottom side of the steel floor slab is The stiffeners are arranged perpendicular to each other.
  • This step is also completed in the prefabrication factory. Prefabricating the stiffeners and corner connectors on the wall steel panels and steel floor slabs in advance can prevent the steel plate 4 from deforming during transportation.
  • This step is carried out on site. Before bolting the joints of adjacent steel plate walls using corner connectors to form the wall structure, a bolt hole positioning step can be performed in order to improve the accuracy of drilling.
  • the present invention also includes a step S15 of setting up a truss beam: the truss beam is connected to its adjacent steel plate wall through bolts, and then welded to the above-mentioned wall steel plate through intermittent welding. This can not only reduce the stress concentration caused by the opening of the steel plate, but also reduce the residual deformation of the overall building structure.
  • the steel plate walls and steel floor slabs of the bolted welding combined box plate prefabricated steel structure building unit of the present invention are produced in a prefabricated factory and spliced on site to form a prefabricated building.
  • the process is simple, the construction time is greatly reduced, and the construction difficulty is reduced.
  • the present invention also provides a bolted welding combined box plate assembled steel structure building system, which is composed of a plurality of the above bolted welded combined box plate assembled steel structure building units spliced in the horizontal direction and/or the height direction.
  • a bolted welding combined box plate assembled steel structure building system which is composed of a plurality of the above bolted welded combined box plate assembled steel structure building units spliced in the horizontal direction and/or the height direction.
  • adjacent box-board steel structure building module units are spliced in the horizontal direction.
  • adjacent box-board steel structure building module units are spliced in the horizontal and height directions.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元及施工方法，包括多个钢板墙和钢楼板，该钢板墙由多个墙体钢板块连接而成，多个该钢板墙左右相连形成墙体结构；该墙体钢板块内侧与该钢楼板底侧均匀设置有加劲肋，该加劲肋通过间断焊接的方式焊接在墙体钢板上；该墙体钢板块之间、钢板墙之间、钢楼板与对应的钢板墙之间，均采用角部连接件螺栓连接；该角部连接件之间、角部连接件与墙体钢板块、角部连接件与钢板墙、角部连接件与钢楼板之间，均通过间断焊的焊接方式进行补焊；该墙体钢板块上预留有根据设计要求的门窗洞口。本发明能实现螺栓与焊接相结合的方式进行连接，有效的减小因焊接产生的残余应力对结构性能的影响，安全性较高。

Description

栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元及施工方法
本申请要求2022年7月21日向中国专利局提交的、申请号为202210855761X、发明名称“栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元及施工方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本发明中。
技术领域
本发明是属于建筑结构工程领域，特别是关于一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑体系及施工方法。
背景技术
箱板装配式钢结构建筑基于船舶上层建筑的肋板结构而提出，是一种由带肋钢板直接作为承重墙和楼板的箱式结构。这种新型结构体系的建造方式由工厂预制与现场安装相结合来进行，具有施工快，成本低等优点。同时，其与钢筋混凝土建筑结构相比，可增加建筑使用面积，减小自重，同时提高建筑的抗震性能。
目前在建造箱板装配式钢结构的过程中，无论是加劲肋的连接，还是钢板墙之间的连接，都是采用焊接的方式进行连接。但是，焊接会产生残余应力与残余变形，导致其抗剪承载能力降低。同时钢板剪力墙在水平荷载的作用下，容易发生局部屈曲，会产生鼓曲现象并伴随有很大的面外变形。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，其能够改善上述现有技术中存在的，钢板墙在水平荷载的作用下容易发生局部屈曲，产生鼓曲现象、面外变形的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，包括多个钢板墙和钢楼板，上述钢板墙由1个或多个墙体钢板块连接而成，多个 上述钢板墙左右相连形成墙体结构；上述墙体钢板块内侧与上述钢楼板底侧均匀设置有加劲肋，上述加劲肋通过间断焊接的方式焊接在墙体钢板上；上述墙体钢板块之间、钢板墙之间、钢楼板与对应的钢板墙之间，均采用角部连接件进行螺栓连接；上述角部连接件之间、角部连接件与墙体钢板、角部连接件与钢板墙、角部连接件与钢楼板之间，均通过间断焊的焊接方式进行补焊；上述墙体钢板块上预留有根据设计要求的门窗洞口。
在本发明的一实施方式中，上述角部连接件为双排孔或单排孔连接件；和/或上述角部连接件可以为L形或扇形。
在本发明的一实施方式中，上述在窗户内侧添加L形横向加劲肋。
在本发明的一实施方式中，上述钢板墙之间的角部连接件为双排孔L形角部连接件，和/或上述钢板墙与钢板楼之间的角部连接件为单排孔L形连接件。
在本发明的一实施方式中，上述墙体钢板块内侧设置的加劲肋包括L形角钢和T形角钢，上述L形角钢和T形角钢竖向交替平行设置。
在本发明的一实施方式中，上述钢楼板底侧设置的加劲肋包括L形角钢和T形角钢，上述L形角钢和T形角钢相互垂直交错布置。
在本发明的一实施方式中，上述T形角钢的腹板垂直焊接于墙体钢板块内侧或钢楼板底侧，上述L形角钢的一边垂直焊接于墙体钢板块内侧或钢楼板底侧。
在本发明的一实施方式中，上述门窗洞口上方设置一桁架梁，桁架梁的左右两端均设置有螺栓孔，桁架梁通过螺栓与其相邻的钢板墙进行连接。
在本发明的一实施方式中，上述桁架梁通过螺栓与其相邻的钢板墙进行连接后，还通过间断焊接的方式焊接与上述墙体钢板进行焊接。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
S11：预制上述墙体钢板块和钢楼板；
S12：将加劲肋和角部连接件采用间断焊的焊接方式焊接在上述墙体钢板块的内侧和上述钢楼板的底侧，墙体钢板块内侧的加劲肋相互平行设置，钢楼板底侧的加劲肋相互垂直设置；
S13：将墙体钢板块之间通过螺栓连接角部连接件以形成钢板墙，然后采用间断焊的焊接方式将角部连接件之间进行补焊；将相邻钢板墙的连接处使用角部 连接件进行螺栓连接以形成墙体结构，连接前在钢板墙上进行准确打孔；
S14：在钢楼板周围与钢板墙之间通过角部连接件进行螺栓连接，然后采用间断焊接的方式进行补焊，形成箱板装配式钢结构的楼盖结构，进而获得上述栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元。
在本发明的一实施方式中，其还包括一个桁架梁的设置步骤S15，该桁架梁通过螺栓与其相邻的钢板墙进行连接，然后通过间断焊接的方式焊接与上述墙体钢板进行焊接。
本发明还提供一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑体系，其由多个如上述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元在水平方向和/或高度方向上拼接构成。
本发明相对于现有技术的有益效果是：本发明提供一种通过栓焊结合的箱板装配式钢结构建筑，以及这种箱板装配式钢结构的连接安装方法，能实现螺栓与焊接相结合的方式进行连接，且该种新型的连接方式能有效的减小因焊接产生的残余应力对结构性能的影响，减小因焊接产生的残余变形，安全性较高，大大提高生产效率且成本较低等优点，可广泛应用于箱板装配式钢结构建筑中。具体而言，至少具有如下实际效果：
(1)箱板装配式钢结构一般通过焊接进行连接，本发明采用螺栓和焊接相结合的方式进行连接，可以减少焊接产生的焊接残余应力，并且减小焊接残余变形，提高钢板墙的承载能力；
(2)本发明在相邻的两片钢板墙间通过角部连接件进行螺栓连接，该角部连接件可以将相邻钢板墙间的连接由纯焊接方式改为栓焊连接，减小焊接产生的残余应力，提高箱板装配式钢结构建筑的连接性能，增强整体结构的稳定性；
(3)本发明的钢板墙和钢楼板设置有加劲肋，加劲肋通过间断焊接的方式焊接在墙体钢板上，可以减小焊接产生的残余应力，减少墙面局部屈曲或鼓曲的现象。
(4)开洞对钢板墙整体的性能影响较大，且会发生应力集中，本发明通过在窗户内侧添加一L形横向加劲肋，以及在门洞上方通过螺栓连接一桁架梁，防止洞口周边出现应力集中；
(5)带加劲肋的墙体钢板块和钢楼板，其加劲肋焊接均为预制，现场安装方便，节省施工时间，降低施工难度；
(6)带角钢的墙体钢板块通过在钢板的边缘处添加角部连接件可以有效防止钢板在运输的过程中发生过大的变形；
(7)钢板与角部连接件之间进行预先定位，可实现在安装过程中螺栓安装的准确定位，减小施工过程产生的误差，提高带肋钢板墙的生产效率。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例和附图，对本发明实施例作进一步详细说明。在此，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，但并不作为对本发明的限定。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“包括/包含”、“由……组成”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的产品、设备、过程或方法不仅包括那些要素，而且需要时还可以包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种产品、设备、过程或方法所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括/包含……”、“由……组成”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的产品、设备、过程或方法中还存在另外的相同要素。
还需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置、部件或结构必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造或操作，不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的 具体含义。
如图1所示，本发明一个实施例首先提供一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，包括多个钢板墙和钢楼板，钢板墙多个墙体钢板块6连接而成，多个上述钢板墙6左右相连形成墙体结构。
装配式箱板钢结构体系中墙板和楼板均采用纯钢结构，此种结构体系在用钢量上略高出传统的钢混结构，但节省了墙面与地面的混凝土用量，达到更高结构强度的同时综合造价更低。
参见图9-图11，本发明墙体钢板块6之间、钢板墙之间、钢楼板与对应的钢板墙之间，均采用角部连接件进行螺栓连接。螺栓连接的方式能承受较大的竖向荷载，提高结构承载力和抗震性能，此外，上述角部连接件3之间、角部连接件3与墙体钢板块6、角部连接件3与钢板墙、角部连接件3与钢楼板之间，均通过间断焊的焊接方式进行补焊。
箱板装配式钢结构一般通过焊接进行连接，本发明采用螺栓和焊接相结合的方式进行连接，可以减少焊接产生的焊接残余应力，并且减小焊接残余变形，提高钢板墙的承载能力。
参见图2、图3和图12，本发明的一个实施例中，墙体钢板块内侧与上述钢楼板底侧均匀设置有加劲肋，加劲肋包括L形角钢2和T形角钢1，上述T形角钢的腹板垂直焊接于墙体钢板块内侧或钢楼板底侧，上述L形角钢的一边垂直焊接于墙体钢板块内侧或钢楼板底侧。
墙体钢板块内侧L形角钢2和T形角钢1竖向交替平行设置，钢楼板底侧上述L形角钢和T形角钢相互垂直交错布置。加劲肋通过间断焊接的方式焊接在墙体钢板上。
本发明借鉴船舶上部建筑结构理念，在钢板墙的内侧和钢楼板底侧增设加劲肋，能够极大地增强板体的承载能力和刚度，避免受压变形和失稳破坏，提高了钢结构结构体系的安全性。加劲肋通过间断焊接的方式焊接在墙体钢板上又可以减小焊接产生的残余应力，减少墙面局部屈曲或鼓曲的现象。
参见图3、图4和图9，墙体钢板块6左右两端设置有角部连接件3，相邻的墙体钢板块6之间通过螺栓连接7将角部连接件进行连接，而墙体钢板块6与角度连接件7、角度连接件3与角度连接件3之间又进行间断焊接补焊，可以 减小焊接产生的残余应力，增强整体结构的稳定性。
本发明的角部连接件为角部连接件可以为L形或扇形。如图3所示，在本发明的一个实施例中，角部连接件为L形；根据本发明的另一个实施例，角部连接件为扇形。角度连接件的开口形状主要根据建筑单元的整体形状来进行调整。例如：若建筑单元为规整的矩形，则钢板墙之间需要用L形的角部连接件；若建筑单元为多边形造型，则钢板墙之间需要用扇形的角部连接件。
本发明的角部连接件可以为双排孔或单排孔连接件。如图11所示，根据本发明的一种实施方式，钢板墙之间的角部连接件为双排孔L形角部连接件，钢板墙与钢板楼之间的角部连接件为单排孔L形连接件。
参见图5、图7及图8，本发明墙体钢板块上预留有根据设计要求的门窗洞口8，开洞对钢板墙整体的性能影响较大，且会发生应力集中。本发明的一个实施例通过在窗户内侧添加一L形横向加劲肋2，以及在门洞8上方通过螺栓连接一桁架梁9，防止洞口周边出现应力集中。
本发明的另一个实施例中，桁架梁9的左右两端均设置有螺栓孔，桁架梁通过螺栓连接7与其相邻的钢板墙进行连接。上述桁架梁通过螺栓与其相邻的钢板墙进行连接后，还通过间断焊接的方式焊接与上述墙体钢板进行焊接。
本发明的另一实施方式是一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元的施工方法，其包括以下步骤：
步骤S11：预制上述墙体钢板块和钢楼板。这一步骤在预制工厂中进行。
步骤S12：将加劲肋和角部连接件采用间断焊的焊接方式焊接在上述墙体钢板块的内侧和上述钢楼板的底侧，墙体钢板块内侧的加劲肋相互平行设置，钢楼板底侧的加劲肋相互垂直设置。
这一步骤也在预制工厂中完成，提前将加劲肋和角部连接件预制在墙体钢板块和钢楼板上可以防止钢板4在运输过程中变形。
S13：将墙体钢板块之间通过螺栓连接角部连接件以形成钢板墙，然后采用间断焊的焊接方式将角部连接件之间进行补焊；将相邻钢板墙的连接处使用角部连接件进行螺栓连接以形成墙体结构，连接前在钢板墙上进行准确打孔。
这一步骤在现场进行，将相邻钢板墙的连接处使用角部连接件进行螺栓连接以形成墙体结构前可以进行一个螺栓孔定位步骤，目的是为了提高打孔的准确度。
S14：在钢楼板周围与钢板墙之间通过角部连接件进行螺栓连接，然后采用间断焊接的方式进行补焊，形成箱板装配式钢结构的楼盖结构，进而获得该栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元。
在本发明的一实施方式中，还包括一个桁架梁的设置步骤S15：该桁架梁通过螺栓与其相邻的钢板墙进行连接，然后通过间断焊接的方式焊接与上述墙体钢板进行焊接。这样既可以减小因钢板开洞产生的应力集中，也可以减少整体建筑结构的残余变形。
本发明栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元的钢板墙和钢楼板均在预制工厂内生产，现场拼接构成装配式建筑，工艺简单，大大减少了施工时间，降低了施工难度。
本发明还提供一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑体系，其由多个上述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元在水平方向和/或高度方向上拼接构成。其作为单层结构时相邻箱板钢结构建筑模块单元在水平方向拼接，作为多高层结构时相邻箱板钢结构建筑模块单元在水平方向和高度方向拼接。
至此，本领域技术人员应认识到，虽本文已详尽示出和描述了本发明的示例性实施例，但是，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，仍然可根据本发明公开的内容直接确定或推导出符合本发明原理的许多其他变型或修改。因此，本发明的范围应被理解和认定为覆盖了所有这些其他变型或修改。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式，并且很显然，根据上述教导，可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，包括多个钢板墙和钢楼板，其特征在于，
    所述钢板墙由1个或多个墙体钢板块连接而成，所述多个钢板墙左右相连形成墙体结构；
    所述墙体钢板块内侧与所述钢楼板底侧均匀设置有加劲肋，所述加劲肋通过间断焊接的方式焊接在墙体钢板上；
    所述墙体钢板块之间、钢板墙之间、钢楼板与对应的钢板墙之间均采用角部连接件进行螺栓连接；所述角部连接件之间、角部连接件与墙体钢板块、角部连接件与钢板墙、角部连接件与钢楼板之间均通过间断焊的焊接方式进行补焊；
    所述墙体钢板块上预留有门窗洞口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，所述角部连接件为双排孔或单排孔连接件；和/或，所述角部连接件可以为L形或扇形。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，其特征在于，所述钢板墙之间的角部连接件为双排孔L形角部连接件；和/或，所述钢板墙与钢板楼之间的角部连接件为单排孔L形连接件。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，所述墙体钢板块内侧设置的加劲肋包括L形角钢和T形角钢，所述L形角钢和T形角钢竖向交替平行设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，所述钢 楼板底侧设置的加劲肋包括L形角钢和T形角钢，所述L形角钢和T形角钢相互垂直交错布置。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，所述T形角钢的腹板垂直焊接于墙体钢板块内侧或钢楼板底侧，所述L形角钢的一边垂直焊接于墙体钢板块内侧或钢楼板底侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，其特征在于，所述门窗洞口上方设置一桁架梁，桁架梁的左右两端均设置有螺栓孔，桁架梁通过螺栓与其相邻的钢板墙进行连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元，其特征在于，所述桁架梁通过螺栓与其相邻的钢板墙进行连接后，还通过间断焊接的方式焊接与所述墙体钢板进行焊接。
  9. 一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元的施工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S11：预制所述墙体钢板块和钢楼板；
    S12：将加劲肋和角部连接件采用间断焊的焊接方式预先焊接在所述墙体钢板块的内侧和所述钢楼板的底侧，其中，所述墙体钢板块内侧的加劲肋相互平行设置，所述钢楼板底侧的加劲肋相互垂直设置；
    S13：所述墙体钢板块之间通过螺栓连接角部连接件以形成钢板墙，然后采用间断焊的焊接方式将角部连接件之间进行补焊；在相邻钢板墙的连接处使用角部连接件进行螺栓连接以形成墙体结构；
    S14：在所述钢楼板周围与钢板墙之间通过角部连接件进行螺栓连接，然后采用间断焊接的方式进行补焊，形成箱板装配式钢结构的楼盖结构，获得所述栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元。
  10. 一种栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑体系，其特征在于，由多个如 权利要求1所述的栓焊结合箱板装配式钢结构建筑单元在水平方向和/或高度方向上拼接构成。
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