WO2024012336A1

WO2024012336A1 - Tool magazine and tool changing method for bladed disk machining center

Info

Publication number: WO2024012336A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/105990
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈虎; 尹书强; 任志辉; 贺行健; 王连炀; 宫兴林; 邓鑫
Original assignee: 科德数控股份有限公司
Priority date: 2022-07-11
Filing date: 2023-07-06
Publication date: 2024-01-18
Also published as: CN116021319A

Abstract

The present invention provides a tool magazine for a bladed disk machining center, comprising a T2-axis rotary assembly and an A-axis rotary assembly, wherein the T2-axis rotary assembly can move along a T1-axis. When the axis of a swing head is parallel to a plane where a cutter head is located or is located on the plane where the cutter head is located, the axis of the swing head is parallel to or overlaps the linear axis of the cutter head. The present invention further provides a tool changing method for a bladed disk machining center, without the use of complicated devices such as a manipulator, the tool changing process can be completely achieved by means of mutual cooperation of the Z-axis, the Y-axis and the T1-axis of a machine tool. Moreover, in the tool changing process, the actions of tool grabbing and loosening can be achieved only by means of the movement cooperation of a single linear axis, so that the complexity of the tool changing action is greatly reduced, the tool changing logic of the machine tool is simpler, the control is easy to realize, the structure is simple, the stability is good, and the maintenance is easy.

Description

A blade disk machining center tool magazine and tool changing method

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of machine tool processing, and in particular to a blade disk machining center tool magazine and a tool changing method.

Background technique

During fine machining processes such as blisks, in order to process the shape of the blades, there will be a certain degree of rotation between the cutter of the blisk machining center and the workpiece being processed. This rotation is compounded by the relative motion of the workpiece and the cutter in multiple dimensions. become.

In order to better process the blisk and ensure that when the machine tool performs five-axis rotating tool center processing, the movement speed and acceleration of each physical axis are maintained in a lower range compared to machine tools with ordinary structures, the blisk machining center adopts The oblique swing head and the tool tip point are set on the rotation axis of the swing head to ensure that large speeds and accelerations of the linear axis will not be generated during rotation of the swing head.

In order to change tools, existing machine tools need to set up additional tool change mechanisms such as manipulators. Tool change is achieved through the action of the tool change mechanism itself or the cooperation between the tool change mechanism and the machine tool. Adding tool change mechanisms such as manipulators will increase the cost of machine tool manufacturing and occupy more space. Larger space. Moreover, due to the use of a beveled swing head, there is a certain angle between the spindle axis and the tool axis and the machine tool coordinate axis. In order to cooperate with the beveled swing head, this tool change method has high requirements on the installation position and posture of the manipulator. According to the requirements, the tool axis in the tool magazine, the spindle axis and the axis of the robot grabbing the tool need to be parallel or coincident. This makes it difficult to accurately control the tool change action. The tool change logic is complex and the tool change action is cumbersome, which is not conducive to high efficiency and high precision. processing.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a blade disk machining center tool magazine and a tool changing method to solve the above problems.

A blisk machining center tool magazine, including: T linear axis assembly, T axis rotary assembly and A axis rotary assembly. The T linear axis assembly is used to drive the A axis rotary assembly to move linearly. The T axis rotary assembly It is used to drive the cutterhead to perform rotary motion, and the A-axis rotary component is used to drive the swing head equipped with the cutter to perform rotary motion;

When the axis of the swing head is parallel to or in the plane of the cutterhead, the axis of the swing head is parallel to or coincides with the linear axis of the cutterhead.

Further, the T-axis rotary assembly is located on the tool magazine base, and the tool magazine base is located on one side of the bed, and the other side of the bed is provided with a column that can move in the Z-axis direction. A sliding saddle capable of moving in the Y-axis direction is provided, the A-axis rotary assembly is provided on the sliding saddle, and a workbench is also provided on the bed, and the workbench is located on the same side of the tool magazine base;

The tool magazine base has an installation slope, and the T-axis rotation assembly is located on the installation slope and can move along the installation slope.

Further, the T-axis rotation assembly includes a cutterhead rotation fixing seat, a cutterhead and a cutterhead rotation motor. The cutterhead rotation fixation seat is installed on the installation slope, and the cutterhead is rotatably installed on the installation slope. The cutterhead rotating motor is fixed on the cutterhead rotating fixed base through the motor base. The cutterhead is coaxially fixed with a driven gear, and the driven gear meshes with the driving gear. The cutter head rotation motor is transmission connected with the driving gear.

Further, the T linear axis assembly includes a drive motor and a guide rail located on the installation slope. The drive motor is connected to the T-axis rotary assembly through a screw and a screw nut. The T-axis rotary assembly passes through a slide. The blocks are mounted on the rails.

Further, it also includes a detection switch bracket, one end of the detection switch bracket is fixed on the rotary fixed base of the cutterhead, and the other end is provided with a detection switch, and the detection switch faces the tool provided on the cutterhead.

Further, the T-axis rotary assembly includes a cutterhead. The cutterhead is circumferentially provided with a tool holder for holding tools. The axes of the tools are perpendicular to the axis of the cutterhead. The tool holder is on the The cutter is clamped on both sides of the cutter head in the axial direction.

Further, the angle α between the T1 axis and the horizontal direction is 30°, 45° or 60°.

A method for changing tools in a blisk machining center, which utilizes the tool magazine of the blisk machining center and includes the following steps:

S1. The column moves along the Z-axis, the sliding saddle moves along the Y-axis, and the A-axis rotary component drives the swing head to rotate so that the axis of the swing head of the tool to be installed intersects perpendicularly with the axis of the cutterhead and is coplanar with the axis of the tool;

The S2 and T2 axis rotary components rotate the cutterhead so that the axis of the tool to be grasped coincides with the axis of the swing head;

The S3 and T2 axis rotary components move along the T1 axis, causing the swing head to grab the tool;

S4. The column moves along the Z-axis to separate the cutter from the cutterhead.

S1. The column moves along the Z-axis, the sliding saddle moves along the Y-axis, and the A-axis rotary component drives the swing head to rotate so that the axis of the swing head equipped with the tool intersects perpendicularly with the axis of the cutterhead, and the axis of the swing head is perpendicular to the axis of the cutterhead. The distance between the cutterhead is greater than the distance between the tool mounting opening on the cutterhead and the cutterhead;

The S2 and T2 axis rotary components rotate the cutterhead so that the axis of the tool mounting port on the cutterhead is parallel to the axis of the swing head;

S3, the T2 axis rotary assembly moves along the T1 axis to align the tool mounting port on the cutter head with the tool on the swing head;

S4. The column moves along the Z-axis to load the cutter into the cutterhead;

S5. The swing head releases the tool, and the T2 axis rotary component moves along the T1 axis to separate the tool from the swing head.

The blisk machining center tool magazine and tool changing method disclosed by the present invention do not require the use of complex equipment such as manipulators. The tool changing process can be completely realized by relying on the mutual cooperation of the Z axis, Y axis and T1 axis of the machine tool, greatly reducing production costs. Reducing the space occupied by the machine tool is more conducive to the structural layout of the machine tool itself and reduces the possibility of interference between the tool changing action and the machining action. Moreover, during the tool change process, the grabbing and loosening of the tool can be achieved only through the coordination of a single linear axis movement. The tool change only needs to coincide with the axis of the tool in the tool magazine, which greatly reduces the time required for tool change. The complexity of the action makes the machine tool tool change logic simpler and easier to control, which is conducive to high-precision and high-efficiency machining. It also has a simple structure, good stability, and easy maintenance. build.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a blisk machining center tool magazine disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of part A in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a side view of the tool magazine structure of a blisk machining center disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a front view of the tool magazine structure of a blisk machining center disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of part B in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the tool changing positions of the spindle in a tool changing method of a blisk machining center disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Swinging head; 2. Cutterhead; 3. Tool magazine base; 4. Lathe bed; 5. Column; 6. Sliding saddle; 7. Workbench; 8. Cutterhead rotating fixed seat; 9. Cutterhead Rotating motor; 10. Motor base; 11. Driven gear; 12. Driving gear; 13. Guide rail; 14. Detection switch bracket; 15. Detection switch; 16. Tool holder.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art will not All other embodiments obtained by making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-5, this embodiment discloses a blisk machining center tool magazine, which is characterized in that it includes: a T2-axis rotary assembly and an A-axis rotary assembly, and the T2-axis rotary assembly is used to drive the cutterhead 2 To make a rotary motion, the A-axis rotary component is used to drive the swing head 1 equipped with a tool to make a rotary motion;

The T2 axis rotary component can move along the T1 axis. When the axis of the swing head 1 is parallel to the plane where the cutterhead 2 is located, or is in the plane where the cutterhead 2 is located, the axis of the swing head 1 is parallel to the plane of the cutterhead 2. The linear axes of the cutterhead are parallel or coincident.

The blisk machining center tool magazine and tool changing method disclosed by the present invention do not require the use of complex equipment such as manipulators. The tool changing process can be completely realized by relying on the mutual cooperation of the Z axis, Y axis and T1 axis of the machine tool, and during the tool changing process , the grabbing and loosening of the tool can be realized only through the coordination of a single linear axis movement, which greatly reduces the complexity of the tool changing action, making the machine tool tool changing logic simpler, easier to control, and has a simple and stable structure Good performance and easy to maintain.

As shown in Figure 3, the axis of the swing head 1 is parallel to the plane where the cutter head 2 is located. There is a tool on the cutter head. The tool axis coincides with the axis of the swing head 1. The T2 axis rotary component moves along the T1 axis and is in contact with the tool grabbing mechanism of the swing head. Cooperate to realize the grabbing and releasing actions of the tool without the need for multi-axis coordination.

In this embodiment, the T2-axis rotary component is located on the tool magazine base 3. The tool magazine base 3 is located on one side of the bed 4. The other side of the bed 4 is provided with a tool that can move along the Z-axis direction. The upright column 5 is provided with a sliding saddle 6 that can move in the Y-axis direction. The sliding saddle 6 is provided with the A-axis rotation assembly. The bed 4 is also provided with a workbench 7, so The workbench 7 is located on the same side of the tool magazine base 3;

The tool magazine base 3 has an installation slope, and the T2 axis rotary component is located on the installation slope and can move along the installation slope.

In this embodiment, the swing head can move in the Z-axis and Y-axis directions through the upright column and the sliding saddle. The worktable 7 can move in the X-axis direction on the bed 4, and the swing head does not need to move in the X-axis direction. Through the rotation of the workbench, the Z and Y direction movements of the swing head and the swing of the swing head itself, the multi-dimensional movement is combined to complete the blisk processing. The swing head does not need to move in the X-axis direction, which is more conducive to stability during the swing head processing, is easier to control, and helps optimize the processing logic. The tool changing process is realized by the swing head grabbing mechanism and the T1 axis, which greatly reduces the movements and motion components involved in the traditional tool changing process, making the entire tool changing logic simple, easy to operate, and simple in structure, reducing installation and debugging. Probability of error.

In this embodiment, the T2 axis rotation assembly includes a cutterhead rotation fixing seat 8, a cutterhead 2 and a cutterhead rotation motor 9. The cutterhead rotation fixation seat 8 is installed on the installation slope. The cutterhead 2 It is rotatably mounted on the cutterhead rotation fixing seat 8. The cutterhead rotation motor 9 is fixed on the cutterhead rotation fixation seat 8 through the motor base 10. The cutterhead 2 is coaxially fixed with a driven gear. 11. The driven gear 11 is meshed with the driving gear 12 , and the cutter head rotation motor 9 is drivingly connected to the driving gear 12 . The T1 linear axis assembly includes a drive motor and a guide rail 13. The drive motor and the guide rail 13 arranged along the T1 axis direction are provided on the installation slope. The drive motor rotates with the T2 axis through a screw and a nut. The components are connected, and the T2 axis rotary component is installed on the guide rail 13 through a slider.

The tool magazine base 3 is fixed on the bed 4. The tool magazine base 3 is a wedge-shaped structure with a top surface that is a bevel, and the angle of the bevel is determined according to the angle of the swing head. The cutterhead 2 is installed on the cutterhead rotating fixed base 8 through bearings. The cutterhead rotating fixed base 8 is also fixed with a motor base 10 through a bracket. The cutterhead rotating motor 9 is fixed on the motor base 10 . The driven gear 11 is coaxially arranged with the cutterhead 2. The diameter of the driven gear 11 is larger than the driving gear 12. The motor drives the cutterhead 2 to rotate through the driving gear and the driven gear.

In this embodiment, a detection switch bracket 14 is also included. One end of the detection switch bracket 14 is fixed on the rotary fixing base 8 of the cutter head, and the other end is provided with a detection switch 15. The detection switch 15 faces the direction provided on the cutter head. Knife on Disk 2.

The cutter head 2 is provided with tool holders 16 for holding tools in the circumferential direction. The axes of the cutters are perpendicularly intersected with the axis of the cutter head 2. The tool holders 16 are on both sides of the cutter head 2 in the axial direction. The tool is clamped.

There are cutters on both sides of the cutterhead, which can double the number of tools installed on the cutterhead and improve processing efficiency. When changing tools, swing the head to change the tool from the side of the tool to be replaced. The detection switch bracket is arranged along the radial direction of the cutterhead. The detection switch 15 is arranged between the tools on both sides. There are two detection switches 15. The two detection switches 15 are respectively aligned with the tools on both sides for detecting whether the tool holder is in the tool holder. The tool is held in the clamp.

The angle between the swing head and the machine tool linear axis is 30°, 45° or 60°, and the T1 The angle α between the axis and the horizontal direction is 30°, 45° or 60°. In this embodiment, the angle α between the T1 axis and the horizontal direction is 45°.

The invention also discloses a tool changing method of a blisk machining center, which utilizes the blade magazine of the blisk machining center and includes the following steps:

The S2 and T2 axis rotary components rotate the cutterhead so that the axis of the tool to be grabbed coincides with the axis of the swing head; at this time, the tool to be grabbed is at the upper part of the cutterhead;

When there is no tool clamped on the swing head, use the above method to grab the tool.

The S2 and T2 axis rotary components rotate the cutterhead so that the axis of the tool installation port on the cutterhead is parallel to the axis of the swing head; at this time, the tool installation port is at the upper part of the cutterhead;

S4. The column moves along the Z-axis to load the cutter into the cutterhead;

When the tool is clamped on the swing head, use the above method to put the tool back.

As shown in Figure 6, four tool changing positions are shown, which are used for tool replacement on both sides of the cutterhead.

When the cutterhead moves upward along the guide rail to the extreme position, it is the automatic tool change position, and when the cutterhead moves downward along the guide rail to the extreme position, it is the cutterhead rotation position and the manual tool change position.

Before swinging the head to grab the tool or put it back, the cutter head rotates once and passes the detection switch. The tool holding status of each tool holder on the cutterhead is detected, and the CNC system records each position and status information. When changing tools, if there is no tool clamped on the swing head, you can directly grab the tool through the above method. If there is a tool clamped on the swing head, you need to return the tool to the tool magazine through the above method, and then grab the tool again. .

The tool changing method disclosed in this embodiment only needs to use the Z and Y axes of the machine tool to determine the position, and uses the T1 axis to make the tool magazine linearly move, and cooperates with the swing head to grab and release the tool. During the tool change process, no two The combination of one or more linear axes does not require interpolation motion, and can achieve fast and accurate tool changes. The tool change action is simpler, the tool change logic is simpler, easier to control, and the machine tool processing efficiency is higher.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims

A blisk machining center tool magazine, characterized in that it includes: a T1 linear axis assembly, a T2 axis rotary assembly and an A-axis rotary assembly. The T1 linear axis assembly is used to drive the A-axis rotary assembly to move linearly. The T2-axis rotary assembly is used to drive the cutterhead (2) to perform rotary motion, and the A-axis rotary assembly is used to drive the swing head (1) equipped with the cutter to perform rotary motion;

When the axis of the swing head (1) is parallel to the plane where the cutterhead (2) is located, or is on the plane where the cutterhead (2) is located, the axis of the swing head (1) is in line with the linear axis of the cutterhead. parallel or coincident.
A blisk machining center tool magazine according to claim 1, characterized in that the T2 axis rotation assembly is located on the tool magazine base (3), and the tool magazine base (3) is located on the bed (4) ) side, the other side of the bed (4) is provided with a column (5) that can move in the Z-axis direction, and the column (5) is provided with a sliding saddle (6) that can move in the Y-axis direction, The sliding saddle (6) is provided with the A-axis rotary assembly, and the lathe (4) is also provided with a workbench (7). The workbench (7) is located at the tool magazine base (3). ) same side;

The tool magazine base (3) has an installation slope, and the T2 axis rotation assembly is located on the installation slope and can move along the installation slope.
A blisk machining center tool magazine according to claim 2, characterized in that the T2 axis rotation assembly includes a cutterhead rotation fixing seat (8), a cutterhead (2) and a cutterhead rotation motor (9), The cutter head rotation fixing seat (8) is installed on the installation slope, the cutter head (2) is rotatably installed on the cutter head rotation fixing seat (8), and the cutter head rotation motor (9 ) is fixed on the cutter head rotation fixing seat (8) through the motor base (10). The cutter head (2) is coaxially fixed with a driven gear (11). The driven gear (11) and the driving gear (12) meshing, the cutterhead rotating motor (9) is drivingly connected to the driving gear (12).
A blisk machining center tool magazine according to claim 2, characterized in that the T1 linear axis assembly includes a drive motor and a guide rail (13) provided on the installation slope, and the drive motor passes through a screw The screw nut is connected to the T2-axis rotary assembly, and the T2-axis rotary assembly is installed on the guide rail (13) through a slider.
A blisk machining center tool magazine according to claim 3, characterized in that it also includes a detection switch bracket (14), one end of which is fixed on the cutterhead rotation fixing seat (8) on the other end, a detection switch (15) is provided, and the detection switch (15) The switch (15) faces the cutter provided on the cutterhead (2).
A blisk machining center tool magazine according to claim 1, characterized in that the T2 axis rotation assembly includes a cutterhead (2), and a toolholder (2) for holding tools is provided on the circumference of the cutterhead (2). 16), the axes of the cutting tools are perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head (2), and the tool holder (16) holds the cutting tools on both sides of the cutter head (2) in the axial direction.
A blisk machining center tool magazine according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle α between the T1 axis and the horizontal direction is 30°, 45° or 60°.
A method for changing tools in a blisk machining center, which is characterized by utilizing the tool magazine of a blisk machining center according to any one of claims 1-7, and comprising the following steps:

S1. The column moves along the Z-axis, the sliding saddle moves along the Y-axis, and the A-axis rotary component drives the swing head to rotate so that the axis of the swing head of the tool to be installed intersects perpendicularly with the axis of the cutterhead and is coplanar with the axis of the tool;

The S2 and T2 axis rotary components rotate the cutterhead so that the axis of the tool to be grasped coincides with the axis of the swing head;

The S3 and T2 axis rotary components move along the T1 axis, causing the swing head to grab the tool;

S4. The column moves along the Z-axis to separate the cutter from the cutterhead.
A method for changing tools in a blisk machining center, which is characterized by utilizing the tool magazine of a blisk machining center according to any one of claims 1-7, and comprising the following steps:

S1. The column moves along the Z-axis, the sliding saddle moves along the Y-axis, and the A-axis rotary component drives the swing head to rotate so that the axis of the swing head equipped with the tool intersects perpendicularly with the axis of the cutterhead, and the axis of the swing head is perpendicular to the axis of the cutterhead. The distance between the cutterhead is greater than the distance between the tool mounting opening on the cutterhead and the cutterhead;

The S2 and T2 axis rotary components rotate the cutterhead so that the axis of the tool mounting port on the cutterhead is parallel to the axis of the swing head;

S3, the T2 axis rotary assembly moves along the T1 axis to align the tool mounting port on the cutter head with the tool on the swing head;

S4. The column moves along the Z-axis to load the cutter into the cutterhead;

S5. The swing head releases the tool, and the T2 axis rotary component moves along the T1 axis to separate the tool from the swing head.