CN111546083B - Horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center with Z-axis motion of workbench - Google Patents

Horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center with Z-axis motion of workbench Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111546083B
CN111546083B CN202010479602.5A CN202010479602A CN111546083B CN 111546083 B CN111546083 B CN 111546083B CN 202010479602 A CN202010479602 A CN 202010479602A CN 111546083 B CN111546083 B CN 111546083B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
workbench
axis
exchange
sliding table
fixing surface
Prior art date
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CN202010479602.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111546083A (en
Inventor
陈虎
侯延星
段惠强
王阔
范春宏
张传思
时冬梅
刘廷辉
李秀敏
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Dalian Kede Numerical Control Co Ltd
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Dalian Kede Numerical Control Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010479602.5A priority Critical patent/CN111546083B/en
Publication of CN111546083A publication Critical patent/CN111546083A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
    • B23Q5/04—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/28—Electric drives

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center for Z-axis movement of a workbench, which comprises the following components: the rotary double-workbench exchanging device, the Z-axis lathe bed, the sliding seat and the machining assembly; the rotary double-workbench exchanging device drives the workbench to turn over, and the double-workbench exchanging device is in butt joint with the sliding seat and moves the workbench to the sliding seat; the sliding seat drives the workbench to do Z-axis horizontal linear motion on the Z-axis lathe bed; the processing assembly processes a workpiece on the workbench; according to the invention, the exchange sliding table is driven by the exchange mechanism to rotate 360 degrees, and the driving mechanism drives the workbench to be processed and the processed workbench to alternately act on the processing area and the exchange sliding table, so that the simultaneous processing and loading and unloading of workpieces on the workbench are realized, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center with Z-axis motion of workbench
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center for Z-axis movement of a workbench.
Background
Aiming at the development of the aviation industry in China, a large number of plate cavity parts need to be processed, in order to improve the processing efficiency and the processing precision, a processing center in the prior art processes a workpiece by vertically clamping the workpiece on a workbench, and the workpiece loading and unloading is performed when the workpiece stops processing and the workbench is horizontal, so that the simultaneous processing and loading and unloading of the workpiece cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center with Z-axis motion of a workbench, which aims to overcome the technical problems.
The invention provides a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center for Z-axis movement of a workbench, which comprises the following components: the rotary double-workbench exchanging device, the Z-axis lathe bed, the sliding seat and the machining assembly; the rotary double-workbench exchanging device drives the workbench to turn over, and the double-workbench exchanging device is in butt joint with the sliding seat and moves the workbench to the sliding seat; the sliding seat drives the workbench to do Z-axis horizontal linear motion on the Z-axis lathe bed; the processing assembly processes a workpiece on the workbench.
Further, the processing assembly includes: the X-axis lathe bed, a saddle, a ram, a spindle head assembly and a tool magazine;
The spindle head assembly includes: the device comprises a rotary shaft, a swinging shaft and a main shaft; the rotary shaft is connected with the ram, the rotary shaft drives the swinging shaft to do B-axis movement, and the swinging shaft drives the main shaft to do A-axis movement;
the saddle drives the ram to do X-axis horizontal linear motion on the X-axis lathe bed; the ram drives the spindle head assembly to do vertical linear motion of a Y axis perpendicular to the X axis on the saddle;
the tool magazine for spindle tool changing and the slide seat are positioned on the same side of the machining assembly.
Further, the rotary double-stage exchanging apparatus includes: the device comprises an exchange mechanism for driving the workbench to rotate, a driving mechanism for driving the exchange mechanism to rotate and a supporting mechanism for supporting the exchange mechanism;
The exchange mechanism comprises: exchanging the sliding table and the linear feeding mechanism; the exchange sliding table is provided with a first workbench fixing surface and a second workbench fixing surface for fixing the workbench; the first workbench fixing surface and the second workbench fixing surface are fixedly provided with a workbench; one end of the exchange sliding table is connected with the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the other end of the exchange sliding table is rotationally connected with the supporting mechanism; the sliding seat is provided with a third workbench fixing surface for fixing the workbench; the first workbench fixing surface, the second workbench fixing surface and the third workbench fixing surface are provided with linear feeding mechanisms which enable the workbench, the exchange sliding table and the sliding seat to move relatively;
The driving mechanism includes: the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other, a driving motor for driving the driving gear to rotate and a position detection device for detecting the position state of the exchange sliding table; the driving gear is fixedly connected with the supporting mechanism; the driven gears are all in rotary connection with the supporting mechanism, and are fixedly connected with one end of the exchange sliding table; the position detection device is arranged on the support mechanism of the driven gear.
Further, the other end of the exchange sliding table is rotationally connected with a centering shaft which is fixedly connected with the supporting mechanism,
The support mechanism includes: the base is used for fixing the driving bracket of the driving mechanism and the driven bracket is used for fixing the centering shaft;
The driving support and the driven support are respectively fixed at opposite ends of the base.
Further, an anti-overturning roller is arranged along one side of the first workbench fixing surface and one side of the second workbench fixing surface, and a first guide wheel is arranged along the other side of the first workbench fixing surface and the other side of the second workbench fixing surface; the third workbench fixing surface is provided with a second guide wheel;
the anti-overturning rollers are clamped with the grooves on the workbench, and the rotation axes of the anti-overturning rollers are perpendicular to the central axis of the grooves; the guide rollers on the workbench are clamped with the first guide wheels and the second guide wheels, and the rotation axes of the guide rollers are perpendicular to the central axes of the first guide wheels and the second guide wheels; the movement direction of the workbench is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the anti-overturning roller.
Further, the position detecting device is an angle encoder, and the angle encoder is arranged on the driven gear.
Further, the position detection device is a vertical positioning switch for detecting the vertical state of the workbench fixing surface of the exchange sliding table and a horizontal positioning switch for detecting the horizontal state of the workbench fixing surface of the exchange sliding table; the vertical positioning switch and the horizontal positioning switch are both arranged on the driven bracket.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: the horizontal positioning pin, the first workbench positioning pin, two horizontal positioning sleeves arranged on the exchange sliding table and the second workbench positioning pin arranged on the third workbench fixing surface;
The horizontal positioning pin is arranged on the driving bracket, and when the exchange sliding table is in a horizontal position, the horizontal positioning pin extends out of the driving bracket and is inserted into the horizontal positioning sleeve; the first workbench locating pin is arranged on the exchange sliding table.
Further, the linear feed mechanism includes: a cylinder and a transmission;
The cylinder drives the first rotating shaft to be in butt joint with the second rotating shaft of the processing area, the motor of the processing area drives the transmission device to rotate, and the transmission device drives the workbench to move so that the workbench, the exchange sliding table and the sliding seat do relative movement.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: limiting blocks, vacuum suckers and anti-collision blocks which prevent the workbench from falling out of the exchange sliding table when rotating;
the limiting block is fixed on the fixed surface of the workbench and is on the same side with the first guide wheel; the vacuum chuck and the anti-collision block are fixedly connected with one end of the exchange sliding table, which is close to the driven gear.
According to the invention, the exchange sliding table is driven by the exchange mechanism to rotate 360 degrees, the driving mechanism drives the first workbench fixing surface and the second workbench fixing surface to respectively fix the workbench to be processed and the workbench to be processed to alternately act on the processing area and the exchange sliding table, so that the simultaneous processing and loading and unloading of workpieces on the workbench are realized, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center with a Z-axis motion workbench according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is another view of a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center with Z-axis motion of a workbench according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an oblique side view of a spindle head assembly and ram according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a spindle head assembly and ram according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rotary dual-stage switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the vertical state of the exchanging slipway and the workbench according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a side view of a rotary dual stage exchange device on the driven support side according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a rotary dual stage exchange device on the drive rack side according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a rotary dual stage switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of a rotary dual stage exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 7;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 6;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of C in FIG. 7;
fig. 14 is an enlarged view of D in fig. 7.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are schematic views of the overall structure of a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center with a Z-axis motion workbench according to an embodiment of the invention; comprising the following steps: comprising the following steps: the rotary double-workbench exchanging device 1, the Z-axis lathe bed 7, the sliding seat 4 and the processing assembly; the rotary double-workbench exchanging device 1 drives the workbench 1-4 to turn over, the double-workbench exchanging device 1 is in butt joint with the sliding seat 4, and the workbench 1-4 is moved onto the sliding seat 4; the sliding seat 4 drives the workbench 1-4 to do Z-axis horizontal linear motion on the Z-axis lathe bed 7; the processing assembly processes the workpiece on the work table 1-4.
Further, the processing assembly includes: an X-axis lathe bed 12, a saddle 15, a ram 19, a spindle head assembly 20 and a tool magazine 11; the spindle head assembly 20 includes: a rotary shaft 20-1, a swing shaft 20-2 and a main shaft 20-3; the rotary shaft 20-1 is connected with the ram 19, the rotary shaft 20-1 drives the swinging shaft 20-2 to do B-axis movement, and the swinging shaft 20-2 drives the main shaft 20-3 to do A-axis movement; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the rotation axis of the rotating shaft 20-1 is perpendicular to the Z-axis movement direction of the slide 4, and the spindle 20-3 can perform a rotation movement of a-axis ±45° and B-axis ±45°.
The saddle 15 drives the ram 19 to do X-axis horizontal linear motion on the X-axis lathe bed 12; the ram 19 drives the spindle head assembly 20 to vertically and linearly move on the saddle 15 along a Y axis perpendicular to the X axis; the tool magazine 11 for changing the tool of the spindle 20-3 and the slide seat 4 are positioned on the same side of the processing assembly; the tool magazine 11 for changing the tool of the spindle 20-3 and the slide seat 4 are positioned on the same side of the processing assembly; the tool magazine 11 and the rotary double-workbench exchanging device 1 are respectively positioned at two sides of the Z-axis lathe bed 7.
Further, the rotary double-stage exchanging apparatus 1 includes: the device comprises an exchange mechanism for driving the workbench 1-4 to rotate, a driving mechanism for driving the exchange mechanism to rotate and a supporting mechanism for supporting the exchange mechanism;
The exchange mechanism comprises: exchanging the sliding table 1-5 and the linear feeding mechanism 1-8; the exchange sliding table 1-5 is provided with a first workbench fixing surface and a second workbench fixing surface for fixing the workbench 1-4; the first workbench fixing surface and the second workbench fixing surface are fixedly provided with workbenches 1-4; one end of the exchange sliding table 1-5 is connected with the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the other end of the exchange sliding table 1-5 is rotationally connected with the supporting mechanism; a third workbench fixing surface for fixing the workbench 1-4 is arranged on the sliding seat 4; the first workbench fixing surface, the second workbench fixing surface and the third workbench fixing surface are provided with linear feeding mechanisms 1-8 which enable the workbench 1-4, the exchange sliding table 1-5 and the sliding seat 4 to move relatively;
The driving mechanism includes: the device comprises a driving gear 1-6 and a driven gear 1-12 which are meshed with each other, a driving motor for driving the driving gear 1-6 to rotate, and a position detection device for detecting the position state of the exchange sliding table 1-5; the driving gears 1-6 are fixedly connected with the supporting mechanism; the driven gears 1-12 are rotatably connected with the supporting mechanism, and the driven gears 1-12 are fixedly connected with one end of the exchange sliding table 1-5; the position detection device is arranged on the supporting mechanism of the driven gears 1-12.
Further, the other end of the exchange sliding table 1-5 is rotationally connected with a centering shaft 1-13, the centering shaft 1-13 is fixedly connected with the supporting mechanism,
The support mechanism includes: a base 1-1, a driving bracket 1-2 for fixing the driving mechanism, and a driven bracket 1-3 for fixing the centering shaft 1-13;
The driving bracket 1-2 and the driven bracket 1-3 are respectively fixed at opposite ends of the base 1-1.
Specifically, the double-workbench exchanging device 1 is located on the right side of the sliding seat, the sliding seat 4 is connected to the Z-axis lathe bed 7 through a Z-axis lead screw 9 and a Z-axis guide rail 10, a Z-axis motor 8 is fixed at one end of the Z-axis lathe bed 7 far away from the machining component, the output end of the Z-axis motor 8 is connected with one end of the Z-axis lead screw 9, and the Z-axis motor 8 drives the Z-axis lead screw 9 to rotate, so that the sliding seat 4 does Z-axis horizontal linear motion on the Z-axis guide rail 10, and the Z-axis guide rail 10 is fixed on the upper surface of the Z-axis lathe bed 7; the side of the Z-axis guide rail 10 is fixed with a Z-axis grating ruler for detecting the moving distance of the sliding seat 4 and further controlling the feeding amount of the Z-axis lead screw 9.
The saddle 15 is connected to the X-axis lathe bed 12 through an X-axis guide rail 14, a planetary gear 22 and a rack 13, the output end of an X-axis motor 21 is connected with the planetary gear 22, the two planetary gears 22 are meshed with the rack 13, the X-axis motor 21 and the planetary gear 22 are fixed on one side of the saddle 15, the X-axis guide rail 14 and the rack 13 are fixed on the X-axis lathe bed 12, the X-axis motor 21 drives the planetary gear 22 and the rack 13 to do relative motion, so that the saddle 15 does X-axis horizontal linear motion on the X-axis guide rail 14, and the planetary gear 22 and the rack 13 are matched, so that the saddle 15 stably moves, namely, even though the saddle 19 and a main shaft head assembly 20 fixed on the saddle 15 stably move, the rigidity of the device is ensured; the provision of two planet gears 22 eliminates the play between the planet gears 22 and the rack 13; an X-axis grating ruler is fixed on the side surface of the X-axis guide rail 14 and used for detecting the moving distance of the saddle 15 and further controlling the feeding amount of the two planetary gears 22.
The ram 19 is connected to the saddle 15 through a Y-axis guide rail 18 and a Y-axis lead screw 17, the output end of the Y-axis motor 16 is connected with one end of the Y-axis lead screw 17, and the Y-axis lead screw 17 enables the ram 19 to drive the spindle head assembly 20 to do Y-axis vertical linear motion perpendicular to the X-axis on the Y-axis guide rail 18; the Y-axis motor 16 is fixed on the top of the saddle 15, and the Y-axis guide rail 18 is fixed on the other side of the saddle 15; a Y-axis grating ruler is fixed on the side surface of the Y-axis guide rail 18 and used for detecting the moving distance of the ram 19 and further controlling the feeding amount of the Y-axis screw 17.
The magazine 11 for changing the tool of the spindle 20-3 is located on the same side of the machining assembly as the slide 4. The tool magazine 11 is located on the same side of the sliding seat 4 and the machining assembly, when the spindle 20-3 moves to the tool magazine 11 to change the tool, the spindle returns to the original path again to machine the workpiece on the workbench 1-4, and the spindle 20-3 can rotate until the central axis of the spindle is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, so that 90-degree tool changing is realized.
The driving support 1-2 and the driven support 1-3 are oppositely arranged and respectively fixed at two ends of the base 1-1, and the driving support 1-2 is fixedly provided with a driving gear 1-6 and a driven gear 1-12 which are meshed with each other, as shown in fig. 7, in the embodiment, the driving gears 1-6 are two, and the driving support 1-2 is provided with two driving motors which respectively drive the two driving gears 1-6, when one driving motor fails, the other driving motor can continuously drive the other driving gear 1-6 to work; in addition, the arrangement of the two driving gears 1-6 can eliminate the gap between the driving gears 1-6 and the driven gears 1-12; the driven bracket 1-3 is provided with a centering shaft 1-13, the two opposite ends of the exchange sliding table 1-5 are respectively and fixedly connected with the movable gear 1-12 and are in rotary connection with the centering shaft 1-13, when the driving gear 1-6 is driven by the driving motor to rotate, the driven gear 1-12 drives the exchange sliding table 1-5 to rotate, the two rotary surfaces of the exchange sliding table 1-5 are respectively a first workbench fixing surface and a second workbench fixing surface and are used for fixing the processed and to-be-processed workbench 1-4, and when the exchange sliding table 1-5 rotates, the workbench 1-4 fixed on the exchange sliding table is driven to synchronously rotate; a right angle notch is formed in one side of the driven bracket 1-3, when the exchange sliding table 1-5 is vertical, the workbench 1-4 to be processed on the exchange sliding table 1-5 moves to a processing area from the right angle notch side by the driving of the linear feeding mechanism 1-8 and moves to the sliding seat 4 by the linear feeding mechanism 1-8 on the third workbench fixing surface of the sliding seat 4 of the processing area, and the processed workbench 1-4 on the sliding seat 4 moves to the exchange sliding table 1-5 from the right angle notch side by the driving of the linear feeding mechanism 8 on the third workbench fixing surface; the processing area is used for processing the workbench 1-4 to be processed through the actions of the workbench 1-4 to be processed, and meanwhile, the exchange sliding table 1-5 is used for loading and unloading processed workpieces on the workbench 4, so that the improvement of the working efficiency is realized.
Further, anti-overturning rollers 1-18 are arranged along one side of the first workbench fixing surface and one side of the second workbench fixing surface, and first guide wheels 1-7 are arranged along the other side of the first workbench fixing surface and the other side of the second workbench fixing surface; the third workbench fixing surface is provided with a second guide wheel 4-2;
The anti-overturning rollers 1-18 are clamped with the grooves 1-4-1 on the workbench 1-4, and the rotation axes of the anti-overturning rollers 1-18 are perpendicular to the central axis of the grooves 1-4-1; the guide rollers 1-17 on the workbench 1-4 are clamped with the first guide wheels 1-7 and the second guide wheels 4-2, and the rotation axes of the guide rollers 1-17 are perpendicular to the central axes of the first guide wheels 1-7 and the second guide wheels 4-2; the movement direction of the working table 1-4 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the anti-overturning roller 1-18.
Specifically, in order to prevent the end of the workbench 1-4, which is far away from the ground and is fixed on the exchange sliding table 1-5, from being overturned from the exchange sliding table 1-5 when the exchange sliding table 1-5 is in a vertical state, as shown in fig. 12, a row of anti-overturned rollers 1-18 are arranged on the same side of the first workbench fixing surface and the second workbench fixing surface, a plurality of the anti-overturned rollers 1-18 are clamped with grooves 1-4-1 penetrating through the workbench 1-4, and the rotation axes of the anti-overturned rollers 1-18 are perpendicular to the central axis of the grooves 1-4-1; in addition, in order to generate relatively stable relative motion between the workbench 1-4 and the exchange sliding table 1-5, a first guide wheel 1-7 is fixed on opposite sides of the anti-overturning rollers 1-18 of the first workbench fixing surface and the second workbench fixing surface, the first guide wheel 1-7 is a circular guide rail, as shown in fig. 11, a guide roller 1-17 on the workbench 1-4 is clamped with the first guide wheel 1-7, and a rotating shaft of the guide roller 1-17 is perpendicular to a central axis of the first guide wheel 1-7; the workbench 1-4 moves along the extension line of the groove 1-4-1 and the central axis of the first guide wheel 1-7.
In order that the work table 1-4 can smoothly move to the third work table fixing surface when the double work table exchanging device 1 is in butt joint with the slide carriage 4, the second guide wheel 4-2 is arranged on the third work table fixing surface; to guide the movement of the table 1-4 onto the slide 4.
Further, the position detecting device is an angle encoder, and the angle encoder is arranged on the driven gears 1-12.
Specifically, when the angle encoder detects that the rotation angle of the driven gear 1-12 is 0 °, 180 ° and 360 °, that is, the exchange slide table 1-5 is in a horizontal state, the driving motor stops acting, and the workbench is placed on the exchange slide table 1-5; when the angle encoder detects that the rotation angle of the driven gear 1-12 is 90 DEG and 270 DEG, that is, the exchanging slide table 1-5 is in a vertical state, the driving motor stops acting, and the linear feeding mechanism 1-8 moves the workbench from the exchanging slide table 1-5 to a processing area or moves the workbench 1-4 from the processing area to the exchanging slide table 1-5.
Further, the position detection device is a vertical positioning switch 1-22 for detecting the vertical state of the workbench fixing surface of the exchange sliding table 1-5 and a horizontal positioning switch 1-20 for detecting the horizontal state of the workbench fixing surface of the exchange sliding table 1-5; the vertical positioning switch 1-22 and the horizontal positioning switch 1-20 are arranged on the driven bracket 1-3.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9 and 13, in this embodiment, in order to detect the horizontal state and the vertical state of the exchange slide table, a vertical positioning switch 1-22 for detecting the vertical state of the table fixing surface of the exchange slide table 1-5 and a horizontal positioning switch 1-20 for detecting the horizontal state of the table fixing surface of the exchange slide table 1-5 are provided on the driven bracket 1-3; when the horizontal state of the fixed surface of the workbench is detected, the driving motor stops acting, and the workbench is placed on the exchange sliding table 1-5; when the vertical state of the fixed surface of the workbench is detected, the driving motor stops acting, and the linear feeding mechanism 1-8 moves the workbench from the exchange sliding table 1-5 to a processing area or moves the workbench 1-4 from the processing area to the exchange sliding table 1-5.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: the horizontal positioning pin 1-11, the first workbench positioning pin 1-10, two horizontal positioning sleeves 1-14 arranged on the exchange sliding table 1-5 and the second workbench positioning pin 4-1 arranged on the third workbench fixing surface;
The horizontal locating pin 1-11 is arranged on the driving support 1-2, when the exchange sliding table 1-5 is in a horizontal position, namely, the angle encoder detects that the rotation angle of the driven gear 1-12 is 0 degree, 180 degrees and 360 degrees, the first workbench locating pin 1-10 and the horizontal locating pin 1-11 extend, and other angles retract. Or when the horizontal positioning switch 1-20 detects that the exchange sliding table 1-5 is in a horizontal state, the first workbench positioning pin 1-10 and the horizontal positioning pin 1-11 extend out; when the vertical positioning switch 1-22 detects that the exchange sliding table 1-5 is in a vertical state, the first workbench positioning pin 1-10 and the horizontal positioning pin 1-11 retract; when the workbench is positioned on the third workbench fixing surface, the second workbench positioning pin 4-1 stretches out and is sleeved into a hole clamp (the hole is not shown in the figure) arranged on the workbench 1-4 to realize fixation; when the table is positioned on the third table fixing surface, the second table positioning pin 4-1 is retracted.
The horizontal positioning pin 1-11 extends out from the driving bracket 1-2 and is inserted into the horizontal positioning sleeve 1-14; the first table positioning pins 1-10 for fixing the tables 1-4 are provided on the table fixing surface of the exchange slide table 1-5.
Specifically, in order to ensure that the exchange sliding table 1-5 can reach an absolute level when rotating to a horizontal state and has a limiting effect on the exchange sliding table, and prevent the exchange sliding table 1-5 from rotating excessively, as shown in fig. 6, a horizontal positioning pin 1-11 is arranged on the driving bracket 1-2, and the horizontal positioning pin 1-11 is a metal rod and is parallel to the horizontal plane; as shown in fig. 8, two horizontal positioning sleeves 1-14 are arranged on the exchange sliding table 1-5; when the exchange sliding table 1-5 is in the horizontal position, the horizontal positioning pin 1-11 extends out of the driving bracket 1-2 and is inserted into the horizontal positioning sleeve 1-14;
As shown in fig. 5, the first table positioning pin 1-10 for fixing the table 1-4 is disposed on the table fixing surface of the exchange slide table 1-5, and when the table 1-4 is placed on the exchange slide table 1-5, the first table positioning pin 1-10 vertically extends out from the exchange slide table 1-5 and is engaged with a hole (the hole is not shown in the figure) provided on the table 1-4.
Further, the linear feed mechanism 1-8 includes: a cylinder 1-8-1 and a transmission device; the cylinder 1-8-1 drives the first rotating shaft to be in butt joint with the second rotating shaft of the processing area, the motor of the processing area drives the transmission device to rotate, and the transmission device drives the workbench 1-4 to move so that the workbench 1-4 and the exchange sliding table 1-5 do relative movement.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 14, the transmission device is a cylindrical cam 1-8-2, one surface of the workbench 1-4, which contacts with the exchange sliding table 1-5, is provided with a row of feeding rollers 1-4-2, a motor in the processing area drives the cylindrical cam 1-8-2 to rotate, and the cylindrical cam 1-8-2 is meshed with the feeding rollers 1-4-2 and enables the workbench 1-4 to move relatively with the exchange sliding table 1-5; the transmission device can also be a screw rod nut, and the motor in the processing area drives the screw rod to rotate, so that a nut seat fixed at the bottom of the workbench moves linearly, and the workbench 1-4 and the exchange sliding table 1-5 move relatively; by means of simple structural combination, the workbench 1-4 is fed into the processing area from the exchange sliding table 1-5, and the exchange sliding table is pulled back from the processing area.
Further, as shown in fig. 5 in conjunction with fig. 10, the method further includes: limiting blocks 1-15 for preventing the workbench 1-4 from falling out of the exchange sliding table 1-5 when rotating; the limiting blocks 1-15 are fixed on the fixing surface of the workbench and are on the same side with the first guide wheels 1-7.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: a vacuum chuck 19 and anti-collision blocks 1-21; the vacuum chuck 1-19 and the anti-collision block 1-21 are fixedly connected with one end of the exchange sliding table 1-5, which is close to the driven gear 1-12.
Specifically, when the machined workbench 1-4 moves from the machining area to the exchange sliding table, in order to prevent the machined workbench 1-4 from being impacted on the driven gear due to inertia, one end of the exchange sliding table 1-5, which is close to the driven gear 1-12, is fixedly provided with a vacuum chuck 1-19 and an anti-collision block 1-21, and the machined workbench 1-4 stabilizes the motion state of the machined workbench 4 through the limit of the anti-collision block 1-21 so as to stop the motion state; the vacuum chuck 19 is led out of a plurality of pipelines to respectively adsorb and fix the workpiece on the workbench 4.
The working process is as follows:
S1: the first workbench fixing surface faces upwards horizontally, and when the angle encoder detects that the rotation angle of the driven gear is 0 degrees or the horizontal positioning switch detects that the exchange sliding table is in a horizontal state, a first workbench positioning pin on the first workbench fixing surface extends out; the horizontal positioning pin extends out and is inserted into the horizontal positioning sleeve;
s2: placing a first workbench on which a workpiece to be processed is placed on a fixed surface of the first workbench;
S3: the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and the driven gear drives the exchange sliding table to rotate along the same direction;
The angle encoder detects that the rotation angle of the driven gear is 90 degrees or the vertical positioning switch detects that the exchange sliding table is in a vertical state, the driving motor stops acting, and the first workbench positioning pin and the horizontal positioning pin retract;
S4: the cylinder drives the first rotating shaft to extend out and butt-joint with the second rotating shaft of the processing area, the motor of the processing area rotates positively and drives the cylindrical cam to rotate, and the cylindrical cam is meshed with the feeding roller and enables the first workbench to be processed to move to the processing area; the Z-axis lathe bed in the processing area is provided with a sliding seat which moves vertically along the Z-axis lathe bed, a linear feeding mechanism on the sliding seat moves a first workbench to be processed to the sliding seat, and the main shaft processes a workpiece on the first workbench to be processed;
S5: the cylinder drives the first rotating shaft to retract and separate from the second rotating shaft of the processing area, the driving motor acts and synchronizes S3, so that the fixing surface of the second workbench of the exchange sliding table faces upwards; the angle encoder detects that the rotation angle of the driven gear is 180 degrees or the horizontal positioning switch detects that the exchange sliding table is in a horizontal state, the driving motor stops acting, and a first workbench positioning pin on the second workbench fixing surface stretches out; the horizontal positioning pin extends out and is inserted into the horizontal positioning sleeve; placing a second workbench to be processed on the second workbench fixing surface;
S6: the driving motor drives the driving gear to drive the driven gear to rotate, and the driven gear drives the exchange sliding table to rotate in a vertical state; the first workbench fixing surface is positioned at the right angle notch side of the driven bracket, a motor of a processing area rotates positively to enable the first workbench fixing surface to move to the processing area and then rotate reversely, the cylindrical cam is driven to rotate, and the cylindrical cam is meshed with the feeding roller and enables the processed first workbench to move to the exchange sliding table;
S7: the driving motor drives the driving gear to drive the driven gear to rotate, and the driven gear drives the exchange sliding table to rotate in a vertical state; the second workbench fixing surface is positioned on the right angle notch side of the driven bracket 3, the motor of the processing area rotates positively and drives the cylindrical cam to rotate, and the cylindrical cam is meshed with the feeding roller and moves the second workbench to be processed to the processing area;
S8: the driving motor drives the driving gear to drive the driven gear to rotate, and the driven gear drives the exchange sliding table to rotate in a horizontal state; the first workbench fixing surface faces upwards, and the processed workpiece on the first workbench is unloaded; step S1 is then performed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. Horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center of Z-axis motion of workbench, which is characterized by comprising: the rotary double-workbench exchanging device (1), a Z-axis lathe bed (7), a sliding seat (4) and a processing assembly; the rotary double-workbench exchanging device (1) drives the workbench (1-4) to turn over, the double-workbench exchanging device (1) is in butt joint with the sliding seat (4), and the workbench (1-4) is moved onto the sliding seat (4); the sliding seat (4) drives the workbench (1-4) to do Z-axis horizontal linear motion on the Z-axis lathe bed (7); the processing component processes the workpiece on the workbench (1-4);
the processing assembly includes: an X-axis lathe bed (12), a saddle (15), a ram (19), a spindle head assembly (20) and a tool magazine (11);
The spindle head assembly (20) includes: a rotary shaft (20-1), a swinging shaft (20-2) and a main shaft (20-3); the rotary shaft (20-1) is connected with the ram (19), the rotary shaft (20-1) drives the swinging shaft (20-2) to do B-axis movement, and the swinging shaft (20-2) drives the main shaft (20-3) to do A-axis movement;
The saddle (15) drives the ram (19) to do X-axis horizontal linear motion on the X-axis lathe bed (12); the ram (19) drives the main shaft head assembly (20) to do vertical linear motion of a Y axis perpendicular to the X axis on the saddle (15);
the tool magazine (11) for tool changing of the spindle (20-3) and the slide seat (4) are positioned on the same side of the processing assembly; the tool magazine (11) and the rotary double-workbench exchanging device (1) are respectively positioned at two sides of the Z-axis lathe bed (7);
the rotary double-workbench exchanging device (1) comprises: the device comprises an exchange mechanism for driving the workbench (1-4) to rotate, a driving mechanism for driving the exchange mechanism to rotate and a supporting mechanism for supporting the exchange mechanism;
The exchange mechanism comprises: a switching sliding table (1-5) and a linear feeding mechanism (1-8); the exchange sliding table (1-5) is provided with a first workbench fixing surface and a second workbench fixing surface for fixing the workbench (1-4); the first workbench fixing surface and the second workbench fixing surface are fixedly provided with workbenches (1-4); one end of the exchange sliding table (1-5) is connected with the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the other end of the exchange sliding table (1-5) is rotationally connected with the supporting mechanism; a third workbench fixing surface for fixing the workbench (1-4) is arranged on the sliding seat (4); the first workbench fixing surface, the second workbench fixing surface and the third workbench fixing surface are provided with linear feeding mechanisms (1-8) which enable the workbench (1-4), the exchange sliding table (1-5) and the sliding seat (4) to move relatively;
The driving mechanism includes: the device comprises a driving gear (1-6) and a driven gear (1-12) which are meshed with each other, a driving motor for driving the driving gear (1-6) to rotate, and a position detection device for detecting the position state of the exchange sliding table (1-5); the driving gears (1-6) are fixedly connected with the supporting mechanism; the driven gears (1-12) are rotatably connected with the supporting mechanism, and the driven gears (1-12) are fixedly connected with one end of the exchange sliding table (1-5); the position detection device is arranged on the supporting mechanism of the driven gear (1-12);
The other end of the exchange sliding table (1-5) is rotationally connected with a centering shaft (1-13), the centering shaft (1-13) is fixedly connected with the supporting mechanism,
The support mechanism includes: a base (1-1), a driving bracket (1-2) for fixing the driving mechanism, and a driven bracket (1-3) for fixing the centering shaft (1-13);
The driving bracket (1-2) and the driven bracket (1-3) are respectively fixed at opposite ends of the base (1-1);
An anti-overturning roller (1-18) is arranged along one side of the first workbench fixing surface and one side of the second workbench fixing surface, and a first guide wheel (1-7) is arranged along the other side; the third workbench fixing surface is provided with a second guide wheel (4-2);
The anti-overturning rollers (1-18) are clamped with the grooves (1-4-1) on the workbench (1-4), and the rotation axes of the anti-overturning rollers (1-18) are perpendicular to the central axis of the grooves (1-4-1); the guide rollers (1-17) on the workbench (1-4) are clamped with the first guide wheels (1-7) and the second guide wheels (4-2), and the rotation axes of the guide rollers (1-17) are perpendicular to the central axes of the first guide wheels (1-7) and the second guide wheels (4-2); the movement direction of the workbench (1-4) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the anti-overturning roller (1-18);
the position detection device is an angle encoder, and the angle encoder is arranged on the driven gears (1-12);
the position detection device is a vertical positioning switch (1-22) for detecting the vertical state of the workbench fixing surface of the exchange sliding table (1-5) and a horizontal positioning switch (1-20) for detecting the horizontal state of the workbench fixing surface of the exchange sliding table (1-5); the vertical positioning switch (1-22) and the horizontal positioning switch (1-20) are arranged on the driven bracket (1-3);
further comprises: the horizontal positioning pin (1-11), the first workbench positioning pin (1-10), two horizontal positioning sleeves (1-14) arranged on the exchange sliding table (1-5) and the second workbench positioning pin (4-1) arranged on the third workbench fixing surface;
The horizontal positioning pin (1-11) is arranged on the driving bracket (1-2), and when the exchange sliding table (1-5) is in a horizontal position, the horizontal positioning pin (1-11) extends out of the driving bracket (1-2) and is inserted into the horizontal positioning sleeve (1-14); the first workbench positioning pin (1-10) is arranged on the exchange sliding table (1-5);
the linear feed mechanism (1-8) comprises: a cylinder (1-8-1) and a transmission device;
The cylinder (1-8-1) drives the first rotating shaft to be in butt joint with the second rotating shaft of the processing area, the motor of the processing area drives the transmission device to rotate, and the transmission device drives the workbench (1-4) to move so that the workbench (1-4) and the exchange sliding table (1-5) and the sliding seat (4) do relative movement;
further comprises: limiting blocks (1-15), vacuum chucks (1-19) and anti-collision blocks (1-21) which prevent the workbench (1-4) from falling out of the exchange sliding table (1-5) when rotating;
The limiting blocks (1-15) are fixed on the fixed surface of the workbench and are on the same side with the first guide wheels (1-7); the vacuum chuck (1-19) and the anti-collision block (1-21) are fixedly connected with one end of the exchange sliding table (1-5) close to the driven gear (1-12).
CN202010479602.5A 2020-05-29 2020-05-29 Horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center with Z-axis motion of workbench Active CN111546083B (en)

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