WO2024011633A1 - 异步通信方法、装置、通信设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

异步通信方法、装置、通信设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024011633A1
WO2024011633A1 PCT/CN2022/106109 CN2022106109W WO2024011633A1 WO 2024011633 A1 WO2024011633 A1 WO 2024011633A1 CN 2022106109 W CN2022106109 W CN 2022106109W WO 2024011633 A1 WO2024011633 A1 WO 2024011633A1
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state
user equipment
satellite
connection
cache
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PCT/CN2022/106109
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English (en)
French (fr)
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毛玉欣
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北京小米移动软件有限公司
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Priority to CN202280002657.4A priority Critical patent/CN117716640A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/106109 priority patent/WO2024011633A1/zh
Publication of WO2024011633A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024011633A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to an asynchronous communication method, device, communication equipment and storage medium.
  • satellite access technology plays an important role in 5G communications.
  • User equipment can access the core network through the satellite access network.
  • satellite access networks may not be able to provide continuous coverage services in designated areas due to insufficient number of satellites deployed and limited coverage.
  • the discontinuous connection situation of the feeder link between the satellite and the ground station has been proposed to support the business communication requirements of delay tolerance, but there is currently no solution.
  • the present disclosure proposes an asynchronous communication method, device, communication equipment and storage medium, aiming to provide an asynchronous communication technical solution when the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide continuous connection.
  • the feeder link connection is interrupted, Support the development of some services that tolerate long delays.
  • the first aspect of the present disclosure provides an asynchronous communication method.
  • the method is executed by a network device.
  • the method includes: determining a first state according to satellite assistance information, where the first state is a communication connection between the satellite and the ground station. state; and based on the first state, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data.
  • determining the first state according to the satellite assistance information includes: determining parameters of the communication connection according to the satellite assistance information.
  • the parameters include the starting time, duration, and/or next connection of establishing the communication connection. The starting time of establishment; determine the first state according to the parameters.
  • determining the first state according to the parameters includes: when the current time passes the starting time of the communication connection and does not exceed the duration, determining that the first state has a first value, the first value is To indicate that the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is connected; when the current time passes the starting time of the communication connection and exceeds the duration and does not reach the starting time of the next connection establishment, it is determined that the first state has A second value, the second value is used to indicate that the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is interrupted.
  • determining whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data based on the first state includes: caching the user equipment uplink data when the first state is a disconnection state; when the first state has a first value , sending the user equipment uplink data.
  • the method further includes: determining a second state, where the second state is a connection state of the user equipment, including a connection management-idle CM-IDLE state and a connection management-connected CM-CONNECTED state.
  • determining whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data based on the first state includes: determining whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data based on the first state and the second state.
  • determining whether to cache or send user equipment uplink data based on the first state and the second state includes: when the first state has a second value and the second state is the CM-IDLE state, caching the user equipment Device uplink data; when the first state has the first value and the second state is the CM-CONNECTED state, the user device uplink data is sent.
  • the method further includes: sending satellite assistance information to the first core network element, where the satellite assistance information is used to assist the first core network element in determining the first state.
  • a second aspect embodiment of the present disclosure provides an asynchronous communication method, which is executed by a first core network element.
  • the method includes: determining a first state according to satellite auxiliary information, where the first state is a satellite and a ground station. the state of the communication connection between them; and based on the first state, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment downlink data.
  • the method before determining the first state according to the satellite assistance information, the method further includes: receiving satellite assistance information sent by the network device, or receiving parameters of the communication connection sent by the network device, and the parameters include establishing a communication connection. The start time, duration, and/or the start time of the next connection establishment.
  • determining the first state according to the satellite assistance information includes: determining parameters of the communication connection according to the satellite assistance information.
  • the parameters include the starting time, duration, and/or next connection of establishing the communication connection. The starting time of establishment; determine the first state according to the parameters.
  • determining the first state according to the parameters includes: when the current time passes the starting time of the communication connection and does not exceed the duration, determining that the first state has a first value, the first value is To indicate that the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is connected; when the current time passes the starting time of the communication connection and exceeds the duration and does not reach the starting time of the next connection establishment, it is determined that the first state has A second value, the second value is used to indicate that the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is interrupted.
  • determining whether to cache or send downlink data of the user equipment based on the first state includes: caching the downlink signaling data of the user equipment when the first state has a second value; and when the first state has a second value. When set to one value, the downlink signaling data of the user equipment is sent.
  • the method further includes: determining a second state, where the second state is a connection state of the user equipment, including a connection management-idle CM-IDLE state and a connection management-connected CM-CONNECTED state.
  • determining whether to cache or send user equipment downlink data based on the first state includes: determining whether to cache or send user equipment downlink data based on the first state and the second state.
  • determining whether to cache or send user equipment downlink data based on the first state and the second state includes: when the first state has a second value and the second state is the CM-IDLE state, caching the user equipment Downlink signaling data of the device; when the first state has the first value and the second state is the CM-CONNECTED state, the downlink signaling data of the user equipment is sent.
  • the method further includes: notifying the second core network element to cache the downlink service data of the user equipment when the first status has the second value; when the first status has the first value, Send the downlink service data of the user equipment, or notify the second core network element, when the first state has the second value and the second state is the CM-IDLE state, cache the downlink service data of the user equipment; when the first state has the second value, When there is a value and the second state is the CM-CONNECTED state, the downlink service data of the user equipment is sent.
  • a third embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device.
  • the communication device includes: a transceiver; a memory; and a processor, respectively connected to the transceiver and the memory, and configured to control transceiver by executing computer-executable instructions on the memory.
  • wireless signal transceiver and can implement the method as in the embodiment of the first aspect or the embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure.
  • a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions; after the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions can implement the first embodiment or the third aspect of the present disclosure.
  • a fifth aspect embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication system, including: a first core network element and a second core network element, wherein the first core network element determines the first state according to satellite assistance information, The first state is the state of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station; the first core network element determines whether to cache or send user equipment downlink data based on the first state; the first core network The second core network element notifies the second core network element to cache or send the downlink data of the user equipment.
  • network equipment or core network elements can determine the status of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite auxiliary information, and determine whether to cache or send the user equipment context information based on the first status, That is, determining whether to cache or send the uplink data or downlink data of the user equipment provides an asynchronous communication technical solution when the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide continuous connection.
  • the service communication of the user equipment Effectively supports delay tolerance and improves the service success rate of user equipment that can support a certain delay.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of signaling interaction of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of signaling interaction of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 7 is a schematic block diagram of an asynchronous communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram of an asynchronous communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic block diagram of an asynchronous communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of an asynchronous communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the fifth generation mobile communication technology (Fifth Generation, 5G) network supports satellite access technology, that is, the UE can access the 5G core network through the satellite access network.
  • the communication connection between the UE and the satellite is a service link (Service Link)
  • the connection between the satellite and the ground receiving station is a feeder link
  • the ground receiving station is connected to the core network, thus forming the UE to access the core network through the satellite access network.
  • Service Link Service Link
  • the ground receiving station is connected to the core network, thus forming the UE to access the core network through the satellite access network.
  • satellite access networks may not be able to provide continuous coverage services due to issues such as insufficient satellite deployment and limited coverage.
  • This discontinuous coverage includes discontinuities in the connection between the satellite and the UE or the connection between the satellite and the ground receiving station.
  • the present disclosure proposes an asynchronous communication method, device, communication equipment and storage medium, aiming to provide a feeder chain in a satellite access network
  • the asynchronous communication technology solution cannot be provided under continuous connection.
  • the feeder link connection is interrupted, it can effectively support the development of some services that tolerate longer delays.
  • the solution provided by the present disclosure can be applied to satellite access networks, especially to communication scenarios where UE accesses the core network through the satellite access network, including but not limited to the 5G core network and its subsequent communication technologies.
  • Core networks such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), Fifth Generation Mobile Communication Technology Evolution (5G-advanced), Sixth Generation (6G), etc. are not limited in this disclosure.
  • the user equipment described in this disclosure includes, but is not limited to, smart terminal equipment, cellular phones, wireless devices, handsets, mobile units, vehicles, vehicle-mounted equipment, etc., which is not limited by this disclosure.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic flowchart of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This method is performed by the network device.
  • the network device in the embodiment of this application is an entity on the network side that is used to transmit or receive signals.
  • the network equipment can be an evolved base station (evolved NodeB, eNB), a transmission point (transmission reception point, TRP), a next generation base station (next generation NodeB, gNB) in an NR system, a base station in other future mobile communication systems, or Access nodes in wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology and specific equipment form used by the network equipment.
  • the network equipment provided by the embodiments of this application may be composed of a centralized unit (central unit, CU) and a distributed unit (DU).
  • the CU may also be called a control unit (control unit).
  • the structure can separate the protocol layers of network equipment, such as base stations, and place some protocol layer functions under centralized control on the CU. The remaining part or all protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU, and the CU centrally controls the DU.
  • the network device is gNB as an example.
  • the method may include the following steps.
  • the first state is the state of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station.
  • the first state may include a connected state and a disconnected state.
  • the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is a feeder link
  • the first state can indicate whether the feeder link is in a normal connection state.
  • two types of state management are introduced to the feeder link.
  • the first state can represent different states through different values
  • the first state can have a first value, where the first state The value is used to indicate that the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is connected, so that communication between the satellite and the ground station can be carried out through the connection.
  • the first state can also have a second value, where the second value is used to indicate that the satellite and the ground station are connected.
  • the communication connection between the ground stations is interrupted, and communication between the satellite and the ground station is blocked.
  • the first state may be a connected state, identified by a first value, indicating that the feeder link is a connected state or a connection recovery state, or the first state may be a disconnected state, Identified by the second value, indicating that the feeder link's connection has been lost, or is in a non-connected state.
  • the first value is used to indicate that communication can be carried out between the satellite and the ground station, and its corresponding state can be called a connected state, or an activated state or a valid state.
  • the second value is used to indicate that communication between the satellite and the ground station is impossible or that communication is blocked, and its corresponding state can be called a deconnection state, or an inactive state or a failure state, which is also not limited.
  • the first value may be a constant, such as 0, 1, or other constants.
  • the second value may be a constant different from the first value, which is not limited in this disclosure.
  • the satellite auxiliary information may be the satellite's ephemeris information (Ephemeris data), or other data that can characterize the operation of the satellite, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the satellite's ephemeris information may include data such as the start time and duration of connection establishment between the satellite and the ground station, and the start time of the next connection establishment.
  • data such as the start time and duration of the connection between the satellite and the ground station, and the start time of the next connection establishment can be derived or determined through the ephemeris information of the satellite.
  • S102 Based on the first state, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data.
  • the present disclosure can decide whether to cache the UE context or send the UE context according to whether the first state is the connected state or the deconnected state.
  • the gNB side is an uplink communication scenario, so the gNB can decide whether to cache the UE uplink data or send the UE uplink data according to the first state.
  • the UE uplink data may be a protocol data unit (Protocol Data Unit, PDU) session operation request initiated by the UE.
  • PDU Protocol Data Unit
  • the network device can determine the status of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite auxiliary information, and based on the status, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data, Provides an asynchronous communication technical solution when the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide continuous connection.
  • the feeder link connection is interrupted, delay tolerance is effectively supported for the business communication of the user equipment, and user equipment that can support a certain delay is improved. business success rate.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic flowchart of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method may be executed by a network device. Based on the embodiment shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 2, the method may include the following steps.
  • S201 Send satellite auxiliary information to the first core network element, where the satellite auxiliary information is used to assist the first core network element in determining the first state.
  • the first state is the state of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station.
  • the first state may include a connected state and a disconnected state.
  • the above-mentioned first core network element may be an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), or may be other core network functions.
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • the present disclosure can realize data synchronization on the network device side and the core network element side.
  • gNB can determine the status of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground receiving station based on the satellite assistance information.
  • gNB can send satellite auxiliary information to network elements in the core network, thereby assisting the core network elements to determine the communication connection status between satellites and ground stations based on satellite auxiliary information, and realize the connection between the satellite access network and the core network. synchronization.
  • step S201 may occur before the following steps S202-S205, may also occur after the following steps, or may be performed between the following steps.
  • the execution order of step S201 is not limited in this disclosure. Being able to achieve synchronization of satellite auxiliary information between the satellite access network and the core network is deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the parameters include the starting time of establishing the communication connection, the duration, and/or the starting time of the next connection establishment.
  • step S101 in the embodiment described in FIG. 1 may include steps S202-203 in this embodiment.
  • the principle is the same as the above-mentioned step S101 and can be executed with reference, and will not be described again here.
  • the connection status of the feeder link can be set according to satellite auxiliary information (such as the ephemeris information of the satellite). Since the motion trajectory of the satellite is set, it can be determined based on the ephemeris information. Parameters include the starting time, duration, and starting time of the next connection establishment between the satellite and the ground station.
  • satellite auxiliary information such as the ephemeris information of the satellite. Since the motion trajectory of the satellite is set, it can be determined based on the ephemeris information. Parameters include the starting time, duration, and starting time of the next connection establishment between the satellite and the ground station.
  • the above ephemeris information may include parameters such as the starting time and duration of connection establishment between the satellite and the ground station, the starting time of the next connection establishment, etc., and the gNB may directly obtain it from the ephemeris information.
  • the above parameters, or the gNB can derive or determine the above parameters based on the ephemeris information of the satellite.
  • the gNB can determine the starting time and duration of the connection establishment between the satellite and the ground station, the starting time of the next connection establishment, etc. Parameters, it is enough to determine whether the current feeder link is in a successfully connected state or has been restored after being disconnected. There is no restriction on how to obtain the above parameters based on ephemeris information.
  • S203 Determine the first state according to the parameters.
  • gNB can determine the connection status of the feeder link between the satellite and the ground station based on parameters such as the starting time, duration, and starting time of the next connection establishment. .
  • the first state has the first value.
  • the first value is used to indicate that the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is connected.
  • the time interval for successful connection of the feeder link can be determined.
  • the current time falls into this interval, that is, when the current time passes the start time of the communication connection and does not exceed the duration.
  • the gNB may determine that the feeder link is in the connected state, that is, the first state has the first value.
  • the connection between the satellite and the ground station has a certain period. After a connection is established and a certain duration has passed, the communication connection for the next period will be established.
  • the gNB can determine the feeder based on the ephemeris information. Whether the link is connected does not depend on which connection period it is in. As long as it can be confirmed within a certain period, it can be determined that the feeder link is connected.
  • the first state has the second value.
  • the second value is used to indicate that the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is interrupted.
  • the gNB may determine that the feeder link is in a non-connected state, that is, the first state has the second value.
  • the gNB may determine that the feeder link is in a disconnected state.
  • start time of the communication connection described in this disclosure and the start time of the next communication connection are under the same timing system as the current time.
  • methods common in the art can be used. Calibration will not be described in detail here.
  • step S102 in the embodiment described in FIG. 1 may include steps S204-205 in this embodiment, the principle of which is the same as the above-mentioned step S102, and can be executed with reference, and will not be described again here.
  • the gNB when it is determined that the feeder link is in the disconnected state, the gNB can cache the UE uplink data, that is, it can tolerate the communication delay of the service, and then transmit it after the connection is restored.
  • the UE uplink data may be a protocol data unit (Protocol Data Unit, PDU) session operation request initiated by the UE.
  • PDU Protocol Data Unit
  • the gNB may send UE uplink data, where the fact that the feeder link is in the connected state can be understood as the feeder link being connected successfully for the first time, It can also be understood that the feeder link is in the process of continuous connection, or it can also be understood as the state of restoration of connection after disconnection.
  • the network device can determine the starting time and duration of establishing a communication connection between the satellite and the ground station, and/or the start of the next connection establishment based on the satellite auxiliary information. start time, thereby determining the status of the communication connection, and based on this status, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data.
  • gNB can send satellite auxiliary information to the core network element, so that the network equipment and the core network element can be separated Maintaining the connection status of the feeder link provides an asynchronous communication technical solution when the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide continuous connection. When the feeder link connection is interrupted, it effectively supports delay tolerance for the business communication of the user equipment, improving The service success rate of user equipment that can support a certain delay.
  • the network device only needs to determine whether to cache or send UE uplink data based on the connection status of the feeder link. In some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, the network device can also determine the status of the UE, and determine whether to cache or send the UE uplink data according to the status of the feeder link and the status of the UE.
  • the gNB may also determine the second state, which is the connection state of the user equipment, including the connection management-idle (CM-IDLE) state and the connection management-connected (CM-CONNECTED) state. It can be understood that the gNB can determine the connection status of the UE using a common method in related technologies.
  • CM-IDLE connection management-idle
  • CM-CONNECTED connection management-connected
  • the gNB may determine whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data based on the first state and the second state.
  • the gNB can cache the user equipment uplink data, and when the first state has the first value and the second state is the CM-CONNECTED state, send User device uplink data.
  • the gNB when the UE is in the CM-IDLE state and the feeder link is in the disconnected state, if the gNB supports asynchronous communication and other network functions indicate to the gNB that asynchronous communication can be used for the UE (or the communication delay can be tolerated), then the gNB is based on the request from the UE. On received messages, the UE context is updated and stored. When the UE is in the CM-CONNECTED state and the feeder link is in the connected state, gNB sends N1 and N2 messages to the core network element to synchronize the UE context. It can be understood that the 5G core functional unit can directly communicate with the access network (RAN) or UE through the N1/N2 interface of the AMF. This service also enables the NF to subscribe to notifications of specific types of N1 messages received from the UE or N2 messages received from the access network.
  • RAN access network
  • N1/N2 interface of the AMF This service also enables the NF to subscribe to notifications of specific types of N1
  • the network device when the network device implements the asynchronous communication process, it not only determines the connection status of the feeder link between the satellite and the ground station, but also determines the connection status of the service link between the UE and the satellite. situation, the satellite connection status and UE status are comprehensively considered to achieve solutions for all discontinuous coverage situations in the satellite access network and support a wider range of business communication needs.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of signaling interaction of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This method is applied to network devices, and an example is given for specific application scenarios based on the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the connection between the satellite with gNB function and the ground receiving station is lost.
  • the gNB can cache the session establishment message and send the cached message to the core network after the connection is restored.
  • the network element completes the UE's PDU session establishment process.
  • the method may include the following steps.
  • S301 Complete core network registration, and gNB sends satellite auxiliary information to the AMF network element.
  • the UE accesses the 5G core network through the satellite and completes the registration process.
  • the gNB can send satellite auxiliary information (such as ephemeris information) to the core network element.
  • satellite auxiliary information such as ephemeris information
  • gNB can send ephemeris information to AMF network elements through NGAP (NG Application Protocol) messages.
  • NGAP NG Application Protocol
  • parameters such as the starting time to establish a connection between the satellite and the ground receiving station, the connection duration, and the next connection establishment time can be determined.
  • the gNB determines that the feeder link is in the connected state.
  • the status of the feeder link has a first value.
  • gNB and AMF respectively maintain the connection status of the feeder link.
  • step S302 since the present disclosure can achieve synchronization of the satellite access network and the core network, corresponding to step S302, on the side of the core network element, step S302', according to the satellite auxiliary information, the AMF network element synchronizes to determine the feeder link In connected state.
  • the gNB determines that the feeder link is in a disconnected state.
  • the status of the feeder link has a second value. It should be understood that the above-mentioned steps S302 and S303 do not represent the order of occurrence in this disclosure, but only represent two possibilities.
  • step S303 since the present disclosure can achieve synchronization of the satellite access network and the core network, corresponding to step S303, on the side of the core network element, step S303', according to the satellite auxiliary information, the AMF network element synchronizes to determine the feeder link In disconnected state.
  • S304 The UE initiates a PDU session establishment request and sends it to the gNB.
  • S305 The gNB caches the UE context according to the fact that the feeder link is in the disconnected state.
  • the UE context is specifically a PDU session establishment request.
  • the gNB confirms that the feeder link connection is restored based on the satellite auxiliary information, that is, it determines that the feeder link is in a connected state.
  • step S306 the AMF network element synchronizes to determine the feeder link The connection is restored.
  • S307 gNB forwards the PDU session establishment request to the core network element.
  • the network device can determine the status of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite auxiliary information, and based on the status, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data, Provides an asynchronous communication technical solution when the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide continuous connection.
  • the feeder link connection is interrupted, delay tolerance is effectively supported for the business communication of the user equipment, and user equipment that can support a certain delay is improved. business success rate.
  • the transmission of signaling and data is bidirectional.
  • the embodiments described in Figures 1 to 3 above are the implementation of the asynchronous communication method in the uplink communication process.
  • the following describes the implementation of the asynchronous communication method in the downlink in conjunction with Figures 4 to 6. implementation in the communication process.
  • FIG 4 is a schematic flowchart of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method is executed by the first core network element.
  • the first core network element may be an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF).
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • the method may include the following steps.
  • the first state is the state of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station.
  • the first state may include a connected state and a disconnected state.
  • the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is a feeder link
  • the first state can indicate whether the feeder link is in a normal connection state.
  • two state management are introduced for the feeder link.
  • the first state can be the connected state, indicating that the feeder link is in the connected state or the connection recovery state, or the third state.
  • One state may be a disconnected state, indicating that the connection of the feeder link has been lost, that is, it is in a non-connected state.
  • the satellite auxiliary information may be the satellite's ephemeris information (Ephemeris data), or other data that can characterize the operation of the satellite, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the satellite's ephemeris information may include data such as the start time and duration of connection establishment between the satellite and the ground station, and the start time of the next connection establishment.
  • data such as the start time and duration of the connection between the satellite and the ground station, and the start time of the next connection establishment can be derived or determined through the ephemeris information of the satellite.
  • S402 Based on the first state, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment downlink data.
  • the present disclosure can decide whether to cache the UE context or send the UE context according to whether the first state is the connected state or the deconnected state.
  • the core network element side is a downlink communication scenario, so the core network element can decide whether to cache the UE downlink data or send the UE downlink data according to the first state.
  • the UE downlink data may be a service request initiated by the network.
  • the core network element can determine the status of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite auxiliary information, and based on the status, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment downlink
  • the data provides an asynchronous communication technical solution when the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide continuous connection.
  • the service communication of the user equipment effectively supports delay tolerance and improves the ability to support a certain delay. Service success rate of user equipment.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method is executed by the first core network element. Based on the embodiment shown in Figure 4, as shown in Figure 5, the method may include the following steps.
  • S501 Receive satellite auxiliary information sent by the network device.
  • the core network element may receive satellite auxiliary information from the network device.
  • the satellite auxiliary information may be the ephemeris information of the satellite, or other data that can characterize the operation of the satellite, which is not limited in this disclosure.
  • the present disclosure can realize data synchronization on the network device side and the core network element side.
  • the network elements in the core network can receive satellite assistance information from the gNB, and the core network elements can determine the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite assistance information. status to achieve synchronization between the satellite access network and the core network.
  • the parameters include a starting time for establishing a communication connection, a duration, and/or a starting time for the next connection establishment.
  • the core network element can receive satellite auxiliary information, such as satellite ephemeris information, and derive the above parameters based on the satellite auxiliary information.
  • the above step S502 can be an optional step.
  • the core network element can directly receive the parameters of the communication connection sent by the network device from the network device.
  • the parameters include the starting time and duration of establishing the communication connection. , and/or the starting time of the next connection establishment.
  • S503 Determine the first state according to the parameters.
  • the first core network element can determine the feeder between the satellite and the ground station based on parameters such as the starting time and duration of the connection establishment between the satellite and the ground station, and the starting time of the next connection establishment.
  • the connection status of the link can be determined.
  • the first state has the first value.
  • the time interval for successful connection of the feeder link can be determined.
  • the current time falls into this interval, that is, when the current time passes the start time of the communication connection and does not exceed the duration.
  • the first core network element can determine that the feeder link is in the connected state, that is, the first state has the first value.
  • the connection between the satellite and the ground station has a certain period. After a connection is established and a certain duration has passed, the communication connection for the next period will be established.
  • the first core network element can be based on The ephemeris information determines whether the feeder link is in a connected state, and does not depend on which connection period it is in. As long as it can be confirmed within a certain period, it can be determined that the feeder link is in a connected state.
  • the current time passes the start time of the communication connection and exceeds the duration and does not reach the start time of the next connection establishment, it is determined that the first state has the second value.
  • the first core network element may determine that the feeder link is in the non-connected state, that is, the first state has the second value.
  • the first core network element determines that the current time has passed the communication connection establishment duration of a certain period, but has not yet reached the communication connection establishment start time of the next period, it can be determined that the feeder link is in a disconnected state. .
  • start time of the communication connection described in this disclosure and the start time of the next communication connection are under the same timing system as the current time.
  • methods common in the art can be used. Calibration will not be described in detail here.
  • step S402 in the embodiment described in FIG. 4 may include steps S504-505 in this embodiment.
  • the principle is the same as the above-mentioned step S402 and can be executed with reference, and will not be described again here.
  • the first core network element when it is determined that the feeder link is in the disconnected state, can cache the UE downlink data, that is, can tolerate the communication delay of the service, and then send it after the connection is restored.
  • the UE downlink data may be a service request initiated by the network.
  • the first core network element may send UE downlink data, where the feeder link in the connected state can be understood as the feeder chain If the feeder link is connected successfully for the first time, it can also be understood as the feeder link is in the process of continuous connection, or it can also be understood as the state of restoration of connection after disconnection.
  • the first core network element can determine the starting time, duration, and/or the next time to establish a communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite auxiliary information.
  • the starting time of connection establishment thereby determining the status of the communication connection, and based on this status, determining whether to cache or send the user equipment downlink data.
  • the first core network element can receive satellite auxiliary information from the network equipment, so that the network equipment It maintains the connection status of the feeder link separately with the core network elements, and provides an asynchronous communication technical solution when the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide continuous connection.
  • the feeder link connection is interrupted, it is effective for the business communication of user equipment. Support delay tolerance and improve the service success rate of user equipment that can support a certain delay.
  • the first core network element only needs to determine whether to cache or send UE downlink data based on the connection status of the feeder link. In some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, the first core network element can also determine the status of the UE, and determine whether to cache or send the UE downlink data based on the status of the feeder link and the status of the UE.
  • the gNB may also determine the second state, which is the connection state of the user equipment, including the connection management-idle (CM-IDLE) state and the connection management-connected (CM-CONNECTED) state. It can be understood that the gNB can determine the connection status of the UE using a common method in related technologies.
  • CM-IDLE connection management-idle
  • CM-CONNECTED connection management-connected
  • the first core network element may determine whether to cache or send the user equipment downlink data based on the first state and the second state.
  • the first state has the second value and the second state is the CM-IDLE state
  • the first state has the first value and the second state is the CM-CONNECTED state
  • the AMF when the UE uses satellite access, when the UE is in the CM-IDLE state and the feeder link is in the disconnected state, if the AMF supports asynchronous communication, other network functions indicate to the AMF that asynchronous communication can be used for the UE (or communication delay can be tolerated) ), the AMF updates and stores the UE context based on messages received from other network functions.
  • the AMF sends N1 and N2 messages to the RAN and/UE to synchronize the UE context.
  • the 5G core functional unit can directly communicate with the access network (RAN) or UE through the N1/N2 interface of the AMF. This service also enables the NF to subscribe to notifications of specific types of N1 messages received from the UE or N2 messages received from the access network.
  • the asynchronous communication method further includes: notifying the second core network element to cache the downlink service data of the user equipment when the first status has the second value; and when the first status has the first value When, the downlink service data of the user equipment is sent.
  • the asynchronous communication method also includes: notifying the second core network element to cache the downlink service data of the user equipment when the first state has a second value and the second state is the CM-IDLE state; when the first state When it has the first value and the second state is the CM-CONNECTED state, the downlink service data of the user equipment is sent.
  • the second core network element may be a session management function (Session Management Function, SMF), a user plane function (User plane function, UPF) or other core network elements.
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • UPF User plane function
  • the core network element when implementing the asynchronous communication process, not only determines the connection status of the feeder link between the satellite and the ground station, but also determines the service link between the UE and the satellite.
  • the connection status takes into account the satellite connection status and UE status, thereby realizing a solution for all non-continuous coverage situations in the satellite access network and supporting a wider range of business communication needs.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of signaling interaction of an asynchronous communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This method is applied to the first core network element, and an example is given for a specific application scenario based on the embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the connection between the satellite with gNB function and the ground receiving station is lost.
  • the core network element AMF can cache the session establishment message. After the connection is restored, the cached message Sent to UE to complete the service request process.
  • the method may include the following steps.
  • S601 Complete core network registration, and gNB sends satellite auxiliary information to the AMF network element.
  • the UE accesses the 5G core network through the satellite and completes the registration process.
  • the gNB can send satellite auxiliary information (such as ephemeris information) to the core network element.
  • satellite auxiliary information such as ephemeris information
  • gNB can send ephemeris information to AMF network elements through NGAP (NG Application Protocol) messages.
  • NGAP NG Application Protocol
  • parameters such as the starting time to establish a connection between the satellite and the ground receiving station, the connection duration, and the next connection establishment time can be determined.
  • the AMF network element determines that the feeder link is in a connected state.
  • the status of the feeder link has the first value.
  • the gNB and the AMF respectively maintain the connection status of the feeder link.
  • step S602 since the present disclosure can achieve synchronization of the satellite access network and the core network, corresponding to step S602, on the network device side, step S602', according to the satellite auxiliary information, the gNB synchronizes to determine that the feeder link is in the connected state.
  • the AMF network element determines that the feeder link is in a disconnected state.
  • the status of the feeder link has a second value.
  • step S603' since the present disclosure can achieve synchronization of the satellite access network and the core network, corresponding to step S603, on the network device side, step S603', according to the satellite auxiliary information, the gNB synchronizes to determine that the feeder link is in the disconnected state. .
  • the SMF network element sends a message to the AMF network element for triggering the AMF network element to page the UE.
  • the UPF network element receives the downlink data of the service, it reports it to the SMF network element.
  • the SMF network element can send a Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer request message to the AMF network element to trigger the AMF network element to page the UE.
  • the AMF network element caches the UE context according to the fact that the feeder link is in the disconnected state.
  • the AMF network element can cache the UE context.
  • the AMF network element determines that the feeder link connection is restored based on the satellite auxiliary information, that is, it determines that the feeder link is in a connected state.
  • step S606 since the present disclosure can achieve synchronization of the satellite access network and the core network, corresponding to step S606, on the network device side, step S606', according to the satellite assistance information, gNB synchronizes to determine the feeder link connection recovery.
  • S608 The UE receives the paging message and initiates a service request process.
  • the core network element can determine the status of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite auxiliary information, and based on the status, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink
  • the data provides an asynchronous communication technical solution when the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide continuous connection.
  • the service communication of the user equipment can effectively support delay tolerance and improve the ability to support a certain delay. Service success rate of user equipment.
  • network equipment and terminal equipment may include hardware structures and software modules to implement the above functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules.
  • a certain function among the above functions can be executed by a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module.
  • the present disclosure also provides an asynchronous communication device. Since the asynchronous communication device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure corresponds to the asynchronous communication methods provided by the above-mentioned embodiments, the asynchronous communication method is The implementation of the communication method is also applicable to the asynchronous communication device provided in this embodiment, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an asynchronous communication device 700 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the asynchronous communication device 700 can be used in network equipment.
  • the device 700 may include:
  • the first determining unit 710 is used to determine the first state according to the satellite assistance information, where the first state is the state of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station;
  • the second determination unit 720 is configured to determine whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data based on the first state.
  • the network device can determine the status of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite auxiliary information, and based on the status, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data, providing satellite
  • the feeder link in the access network cannot provide an asynchronous communication technical solution under continuous connection.
  • delay tolerance is effectively supported for the business communication of user equipment, improving the business success of user equipment that can support a certain delay. Rate.
  • the above-mentioned first determining unit 710 is used for:
  • the parameters include the starting time of establishing the communication connection, the duration, and/or the starting time of the next connection establishment;
  • the first state is determined.
  • the above-mentioned first determining unit 710 is used for:
  • the first state has a first value, and the first value is used to indicate that the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is connected;
  • the first state has a second value, and the second value is used to indicate the satellite and the ground station The communication connection between them is interrupted.
  • the above-mentioned second determining unit 720 is used for:
  • the user equipment uplink data is sent.
  • the above-mentioned first determining unit 710 is also used to:
  • connection state which is the connection state of the user equipment, including connection management-idle CM-IDLE state and connection management-connected CM-CONNECTED state.
  • the second determining unit 720 is also used to:
  • the second determining unit 720 is also used to:
  • the user equipment uplink data is sent.
  • the above-mentioned asynchronous communication device 700 further includes:
  • the sending unit 730 is configured to send satellite assistance information to the first core network element, where the satellite assistance information is used to assist the first core network element in determining the first state.
  • the network device can determine the starting time and duration of establishing a communication connection between the satellite and the ground station, and/or the start of the next connection establishment based on the satellite auxiliary information. start time, thereby determining the status of the communication connection, and based on this status, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment uplink data.
  • gNB can send satellite auxiliary information to the core network element, so that the network equipment and the core network element can be separated Maintaining the connection status of the feeder link provides an asynchronous communication technical solution when the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide continuous connection. When the feeder link connection is interrupted, it effectively supports delay tolerance for the business communication of the user equipment, improving The service success rate of user equipment that can support a certain delay.
  • the network equipment when the network equipment implements the asynchronous communication process, it not only determines the connection status of the feeder link between the satellite and the ground station, but also determines the connection status of the service link between the UE and the satellite, taking into account the satellite connection status and the UE status. This enables solutions to all non-continuous coverage situations in satellite access networks and supports a wider range of business communication needs.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an asynchronous communication device 900 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the asynchronous communication device 900 can be used for the first core network element.
  • the device 900 may include:
  • the third determination unit 910 is used to determine the first state according to the satellite assistance information, where the first state is the state of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station;
  • the fourth determination unit 920 is configured to determine whether to cache or send the user equipment downlink data based on the first state.
  • the core network element can determine the status of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite auxiliary information, and based on the status, determine whether to cache or send the user equipment downlink data, providing It solves the problem that the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide an asynchronous communication technical solution under continuous connection.
  • the feeder link connection is interrupted, it effectively supports delay tolerance for the business communication of user equipment and improves the user equipment that can support a certain delay. Business success rate.
  • the above device 900 further includes:
  • the receiving unit 930 is configured to receive satellite assistance information sent by the network device, or receive communication connection parameters sent by the network device.
  • the parameters include the starting time, duration, and/or the starting time of the next connection establishment. .
  • the third determining unit 910 is used for:
  • the parameters include the starting time of establishing the communication connection, the duration, and/or the starting time of the next connection establishment;
  • the first state is determined.
  • the third determining unit 910 is used for:
  • the first state has a first value, and the first value is used to indicate that the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station is connected;
  • the first state has a second value, and the second value is used to indicate the satellite and the ground station The communication connection between them is interrupted.
  • the fourth determining unit 920 is used for:
  • the third determining unit 910 is used for:
  • connection state which is the connection state of the user equipment, including connection management-idle CM-IDLE state and connection management-connected CM-CONNECTED state.
  • the fourth determining unit 920 is used for:
  • the fourth determining unit 920 is used for:
  • the first state has the second value and the second state is the CM-IDLE state, cache the downlink signaling data of the user equipment;
  • the first state has the first value and the second state is the CM-CONNECTED state
  • downlink signaling data of the user equipment is sent.
  • the above-mentioned device 900 further includes a notification unit 940, used for:
  • the first core network element can determine the starting time, duration, and/or the next time to establish a communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite auxiliary information.
  • the starting time of connection establishment thereby determining the status of the communication connection, and based on this status, determining whether to cache or send the user equipment downlink data.
  • the first core network element can receive satellite auxiliary information from the network equipment, so that the network equipment It maintains the connection status of the feeder link separately with the core network elements, and provides an asynchronous communication technical solution when the feeder link in the satellite access network cannot provide continuous connection.
  • the feeder link connection is interrupted, it is effective for the business communication of user equipment. Support delay tolerance and improve the service success rate of user equipment that can support a certain delay.
  • the core network element when implementing the asynchronous communication process, not only determines the connection status of the feeder link between the satellite and the ground station, but also determines the connection status of the service link between the UE and the satellite.
  • the connection status comprehensively considers the satellite connection status and UE status, thereby realizing solutions for all discontinuous coverage situations in the satellite access network and supporting a wider range of business communication needs.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a communication system, which is applied to a core network.
  • the communication system can be a long term evolution (LTE) system, a fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) mobile communication system, a 5G new radio (NR) system, or other future new mobile communication systems. wait.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR 5G new radio
  • the communication system includes: a first core network element and a second core network element, wherein the first core network element determines a first state according to satellite auxiliary information, wherein the first state is the satellite and the ground The state of the communication connection between stations; the first core network element determines whether to cache or send the user equipment downlink data based on the first state; and the first core network element notifies the second core network element to cache or send Send downlink data of the user equipment.
  • the above-mentioned first core network element may be an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), or may be other core network functions.
  • the second core network element may be a session management function (Session Management Function, SMF), a user plane function (User plane function, UPF) or other core network elements.
  • the first core network element can determine the status of the communication connection between the satellite and the ground station based on the satellite auxiliary information, and based on the status, determine whether to cache or send the user Device downlink data, the first core network element can also notify the second core network element to cache or send UE downlink data, so that all network elements in the core network can cache or send UE downlink data, providing a satellite access network
  • the mid-feeder link cannot provide an asynchronous communication technology solution under continuous connection.
  • the service communication of the user equipment can effectively support delay tolerance and improve the business success rate of the user equipment that can support a certain delay.
  • FIG 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1100 may be a network device, a user equipment, a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports network equipment to implement the above method, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports user equipment to implement the above method. Processor etc.
  • the device can be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiment. For details, please refer to the description in the above method embodiment.
  • Communication device 1100 may include one or more processors 1101.
  • the processor 1101 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, or the like.
  • it can be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data.
  • the central processor can be used to control communication devices (such as base stations, baseband chips, terminal equipment, terminal equipment chips, DU or CU, etc.) and execute computer programs. , processing data for computer programs.
  • the communication device 1100 may also include one or more memories 1102, on which a computer program 1104 may be stored.
  • the processor 1101 executes the computer program 1104, so that the communication device 1100 executes the method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the memory 1102 may also store data.
  • the communication device 1100 and the memory 1102 can be provided separately or integrated together.
  • the communication device 1100 may also include a transceiver 1105 and an antenna 1106.
  • the transceiver 1105 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, etc., and is used to implement transceiver functions.
  • the transceiver 1105 may include a receiver and a transmitter.
  • the receiver may be called a receiver or a receiving circuit, etc., used to implement the receiving function;
  • the transmitter may be called a transmitter, a transmitting circuit, etc., used to implement the transmitting function.
  • the communication device 1100 may also include one or more interface circuits 1107.
  • the interface circuit 1107 is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the processor 1101 .
  • the processor 1101 executes code instructions to cause the communication device 1100 to perform the method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the processor 1101 may include a transceiver for implementing receiving and transmitting functions.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, an interface, or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver circuits, interfaces or interface circuits used to implement the receiving and transmitting functions can be separate or integrated together.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit can be used for reading and writing codes/data, or the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit can be used for signal transmission or transfer.
  • the processor 1101 may store a computer program 1103, and the computer program 1103 runs on the processor 1101, causing the communication device 1100 to perform the method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the computer program 1103 may be solidified in the processor 1101, in which case the processor 1101 may be implemented by hardware.
  • the communication device 1100 may include a circuit, which may implement the functions of sending or receiving or communicating in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processor and transceiver described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits RFICs, mixed signal ICs, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards ( printed circuit board (PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • the processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), n-type metal oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • NMOS n-type metal oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS P-type Metal oxide semiconductor
  • BJT bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • SiGe silicon germanium
  • GaAs gallium arsenide
  • the communication device described in the above embodiments may be a network device or user equipment, but the scope of the communication device described in this application is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device may not be limited by FIG. 10 .
  • the communication device may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the communication device can be:
  • the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and computer programs;
  • the communication device may be a chip or a chip system
  • the schematic structural diagram of the chip shown in FIG. 12 refer to the schematic structural diagram of the chip shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the chip shown in Figure 12 includes a processor 1201 and an interface 1202.
  • the number of processors 1101 may be one or more, and the number of interfaces 1102 may be multiple.
  • the chip also includes a memory 1203, which is used to store necessary computer programs and data.
  • This application also provides a readable storage medium on which instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed by a computer, the functions of any of the above method embodiments are implemented.
  • This application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed by a computer, implements the functions of any of the above method embodiments.
  • a computer program product includes one or more computer programs.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer program may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer program may be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center via a wireline (e.g.
  • Coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless means to transmit to another website, computer, server or data center.
  • Computer-readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or other integrated media that contains one or more available media. Available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, tapes), optical media (e.g., high-density digital video discs (DVD)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid state disks (SSD)) )wait.
  • magnetic media e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, tapes
  • optical media e.g., high-density digital video discs (DVD)
  • semiconductor media e.g., solid state disks (SSD)
  • At least one in this application can also be described as one or more, and the plurality can be two, three, four or more, which is not limited by this application.
  • the technical feature is distinguished by “first”, “second”, “third”, “A”, “B”, “C” and “D”, etc.
  • the technical features described in “first”, “second”, “third”, “A”, “B”, “C” and “D” are in no particular order or order.
  • machine-readable medium and “computer-readable medium” refer to any computer program product, apparatus, and/or means for providing machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor (for example, magnetic disks, optical disks, memories, programmable logic devices (PLD)), including machine-readable media that receive machine instructions as machine-readable signals.
  • machine-readable signal refers to any signal used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor.
  • the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., A user's computer having a graphical user interface or web browser through which the user can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or including such backend components, middleware components, or any combination of front-end components in a computing system.
  • the components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (eg, a communications network). Examples of communication networks include: local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.
  • Computer systems may include clients and servers.
  • Clients and servers are generally remote from each other and typically interact over a communications network.
  • the relationship of client and server is created by computer programs running on corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other.

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Abstract

本公开提出一种异步通信方法，网络设备或核心网网元能够根据卫星辅助信息，确定卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，并基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上下文信息，即，确定是否缓存或发送用户设备上行数据或下行数据，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。

Description

异步通信方法、装置、通信设备及存储介质 技术领域
本公开涉及移动通信技术领域，特别涉及一种异步通信方法、装置、通信设备及存储介质。
背景技术
随着移动网络通信技术的演进，卫星接入技术在5G通信中发挥重要作用，用户设备可以通过卫星接入网络接入核心网络。然而，卫星接入网络由于卫星部署数量不足，覆盖范围有限等问题，可能无法对指定区域提供连续覆盖服务。相关技术中已经提出了对于卫星和地面站之间的馈线链路(feeder link)的非连续连接情况，支持时延容忍的业务通信需求，但目前尚没有解决方案。
发明内容
本公开提出了一种异步通信方法、装置、通信设备及存储介质，旨在提供一种卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，支持部分容忍较长时延的业务的开展。
本公开的第一方面实施例提供了一种异步通信方法，该方法由网络设备执行，该方法包括：根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态，其中第一状态为卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态；以及基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态包括：根据卫星辅助信息，确定通信连接的参数，参数包括建立通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间；根据参数，确定第一状态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，根据参数，确定第一状态包括：当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且不超过持续时长时，确定第一状态具有第一值，所述第一值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接已连接；当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且超过持续时长且未到达下一次连接建立的起始时间时，确定第一状态具有第二值，所述第二值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接中断。
在本公开的一些实施例中，基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据包括：当第一状态为去连接态时，缓存用户设备上行数据；当第一状态具有第一值时，发送用户设备上行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该方法还包括：确定第二状态，第二状态为用户设备的连接状态，包括连接管理-空闲CM-IDLE状态和连接管理-已连接CM-CONNECTED状态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据包括：基于第一状态和第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，基于第一状态和第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据包括：当第一状态具有第二值且第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存用户设备上行数据；当第一状态具有第一值且第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送用户设备上行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该方法还包括：向第一核心网网元发送卫星辅助信息，其中卫星辅助信息用于辅助第一核心网网元确定第一状态。
本公开的第二方面实施例提供了一种异步通信方法，该方法由第一核心网网元执行，该方法包括：根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态，其中第一状态为卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态；以及基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态之前，该方法还包括：接收网络设备发送的卫星辅助信息，或者接收网络设备发送的通信连接的参数，参数包括建立通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间。
在本公开的一些实施例中，根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态包括：根据卫星辅助信息，确定通信连接的参数，参数包括建立通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间；根据参数，确定第一状态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，根据参数，确定第一状态包括：当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且不超过持续时长时，确定第一状态具有第一值，所述第一值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接已连接；当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且超过持续时长且未到达下一次连接建立的起始时间时，确定第一状态具有第二值，所述第二值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接中断。
在本公开的一些实施例中，基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据包括：当第一状态具有第二值时，缓存用户设备的下行信令数据；当第一状态具有第一值时，发送用户设备的下行信令数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该方法还包括：确定第二状态，第二状态为用户设备的连接状态，包括连接管理-空闲CM-IDLE状态和连接管理-已连接CM-CONNECTED状态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据包括：基于第一状态和第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，基于第一状态和第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据包括：当第一状态具有第二值且第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存用户设备的下行信令数据；当第一状态具有第一值且第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送用户设备的下行信令数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该方法还包括：通知第二核心网网元，当第一状态具有第二值时，缓存用户设备的下行业务数据；当第一状态具有第一值时，发送用户设备的下行业务数据，或者通知第二核心网网元，当第一状态具有第二值且第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存用户设备的下行业务数据；当第一状态具有第一值且第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送用户设备的下行业务数据。
本公开的第三方面实施例提供了一种通信设备，该通信设备包括：收发器；存储器；处理器，分别与收发器及存储器连接，配置为通过执行存储器上的计算机可执行指令，控制收发器的无线信号收发，并能够实现如本公开第一方面实施例或第二方面实施例的方法。
本公开的第四方面实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，其中，计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令；计算机可执行指令被处理器执行后，能够实现如本公开第一方面实施例或第二方面实施例的方法。
本公开的第五方面实施例提供了一种通信系统，包括：第一核心网网元和第二核心网网元，其中，所述第一核心网网元根据卫星辅助信息确定第一状态，其中所述第一状态为所述卫星和地面站之间通信 连接的状态；所述第一核心网元基于所述第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据；所述第一核心网元通知所述第二核心网元缓存或者发送所述用户设备下行数据。
根据本公开的异步通信方法，网络设备或核心网网元能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，并基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上下文信息，即，确定是否缓存或发送用户设备上行数据或下行数据，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
本公开附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本公开的实践了解到。
附图说明
本公开上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的流程示意图；
图2为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的流程示意图；
图3为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的信令交互示意图；
图4为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的流程示意图；
图5为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的流程示意图；
图6为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的信令交互示意图；
图7为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信装置的示意框图；
图8为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信装置的示意框图；
图9为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信装置的示意框图；
图10为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信装置的示意框图；
图11为根据本公开实施例的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图12为本公开实施例提供的一种芯片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
移动网络通信技术在现实生活中应用场景的边界在不断扩展，例如面向未来的增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)、以及更多新型互联网应用(诸如车联网、物联网等)等应用场景的涌现，各应用场景对于网络通信质量、时延容忍的要求不一。而伴随着卫星接入技术在核心网通信中的应用不断增强，用户设备(User Equipment，UE)可以通过卫星接入网络接入核心网络。
例如，第五代移动通信技术(Fifth Generation，5G)网络支持卫星接入技术，即UE可以通过卫星接入网络接入5G核心网络，其中，UE与卫星之间的通信连接为服务链接(Service Link)，卫星与地 面接收站之间的连接为馈线链接(Feeder Link)，地面接收站与核心网连接，从而形成UE通过卫星接入网接入核心网。
对于用户设备通信业务而言，其对网络连接的时延容忍程度并不一致，一部分紧急业务对于信令和数据的传输时延容忍度低，而某些业务，例如部分娱乐应用，对于信令和数据传输的时延容忍度较高，允许其存在一定限度的延迟。
然而，卫星接入网络由于卫星部署数量不足，覆盖范围有限等问题，可能无法提供连续覆盖服务。这种非连续性覆盖包括卫星和UE之间的连接或者卫星和地面接收站之间的连接存在间断的情况。
相关技术中，已经对UE与卫星之间的服务链接的非连续性覆盖进行了研究，例如，UE在卫星提供非连续性覆盖情况下的移动性增强、省电技术等。但是对于卫星与地面接收站之间的馈线链接的非连续性覆盖情况，尽管已经提出了馈线链接无法提供持续连接下支持时延容忍的业务通信需求，但目前尚未有研究如何支持上述业务。
为此，为了支持馈线链路的非连续性覆盖场景下UE的业务通信，本公开提出了一种异步通信方法、装置、通信设备及存储介质，旨在提供一种卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，有效支持部分容忍较长时延业务的开展。
可以理解的是，本公开提供的方案可以应用于卫星接入网络，特别地，应用于UE通过卫星接入网络接入核心网的通信场景，包括但不限于5G核心网及支持其后续通信技术的核心网，诸如长期演进技术(LTE)、第五代移动通信技术演进(5G-advanced)、第六代移动通信技术(SixthGeneration，6G)等，在本公开中不予限制。
本公开所描述的用户设备包括但不限于智能终端设备、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车辆、车载设备等，本公开不予限制。
下面结合附图对本公开所提供的异步通信方案进行详细介绍。
图1示出了根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的流程示意图。该方法由网络设备执行。
本申请实施例中的网络设备是网络侧的一种用于发射或接收信号的实体。例如，网络设备可以为演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNB)、传输点(transmission reception point，TRP)、NR系统中的下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)、其他未来移动通信系统中的基站或无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)系统中的接入节点等。本申请的实施例对网络设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。本申请实施例提供的网络设备可以是由集中单元(central unit，CU)与分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)组成的，其中，CU也可以称为控制单元(control unit)，采用CU-DU的结构可以将网络设备，例如基站的协议层拆分开，部分协议层的功能放在CU集中控制，剩下部分或全部协议层的功能分布在DU中，由CU集中控制DU。
在本公开的实施例中，以网络设备为gNB为例。
如图1所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S101，根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态。
其中，第一状态为卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，具体地，第一状态可以包括连接态和去连接态。
在本公开中，卫星和地面站之间通信连接为馈线链接(Feeder Link)，第一状态可以表征馈线链接是否处于正常的连接状态。为了支持馈线链接的非连续性覆盖场景下的异步通信模式，对馈线链接引入 两种状态管理，换言之，第一状态可以通过不同值表示不同状态，第一状态可以具有第一值，其中第一值用于指示卫星和地面站之间的通信连接已连接，从而使得卫星和地面站之间可以通过该连接进行通信，第一状态还可以具有第二值，其中第二值用于指示卫星和地面站之间的通信连接中断，此时卫星和地面站之间通信受阻。具体地，在本公开的一种具体实施方式中，第一状态可以是连接态，由第一值标识，表示馈线链接为已连接状态或连接恢复状态，或者第一状态可以是去连接态，由第二值标识，表示馈线链接的连接已丢失，或者处于非连接状态。
应当理解的是，在本公开的实施例中，第一值用来表征卫星和地面站之间能够进行通信，其对应的状态可以称为连接态，也可以称为激活态或有效态，在本公开中不予限制。相应地，第二值用来表征卫星和地面站之间不能进行通信或通信受阻，其对应的状态可以称为去连接态，也可以称为非激活态或失效态，同样不予限制。
在本公开的实施例中，第一值可以为一个常数，例如0、1或者其他常数。同理，第二值可以为不同于第一值的常数，在本公开中不予限制。
在本公开的实施例中，卫星辅助信息可以是卫星的星历信息(Ephemeris data)，或其他能够表征卫星运行情况的数据，在本公开中不予限制。在一种可选的实施例中，卫星的星历信息中可以包括卫星和地面站建立连接的起始时间、持续时长、下一次连接建立的起始时间等数据。或者，可以通过卫星的星历信息推导或确定出卫星和地面站建立连接的起始时间、持续时长、下一次连接建立的起始时间等数据。
S102，基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据。
本公开可以根据第一状态是连接态或者去连接态，决定是否缓存UE上下文或发送UE上下文。具体地，在gNB侧为上行通信场景，因此gNB可以根据第一状态决定是否缓存UE上行数据，或发送UE上行数据。
在本实施例中，UE上行数据可以是UE发起的协议数据单元(Protocol Data Unit，PDU)会话操作请求。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，网络设备能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
图2示出了根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的流程示意图。该方法可以由网络设备执行，基于图1所示实施例，如图2所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S201，向第一核心网网元发送卫星辅助信息，其中卫星辅助信息用于辅助第一核心网网元确定第一状态。
其中，第一状态为卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，具体地，第一状态可以包括连接态和去连接态。
在本公开的实施例中，上述第一核心网网元可以是接入和移动性管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)，或者可以是其他核心网功能。
对于上行通信过程和下行通信过程，本公开可以实现网络设备侧和核心网元侧的数据同步。基于图1所示的实施例可以知晓，本公开中gNB能够根据卫星辅助信息确定卫星和地面接收站之间的通信连接的状态。相应地，gNB可以将卫星辅助信息发送至核心网中的网元，从而辅助核心网网元根据卫星辅助信息确定卫星和地面站之间的通信连接状态，实现卫星接入网与核心网之间的同步。
可以理解的是，上述步骤S201可以发生于下述步骤S202-S205之前，也可以发生下述步骤之后，或者可以在下述步骤之间进行，步骤S201的执行顺序在本公开中不予限制，其能够实现卫星接入网与核心网之间关于卫星辅助信息的同步即视为落入本公开的保护范围之内。
S202，根据卫星辅助信息，确定通信连接的参数，参数包括建立通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间。
可以理解的是，图1所描述的实施例中步骤S101可以包括本实施例中的步骤S202-203，其原理与上述步骤S101相同，可以参照执行，在此不再赘述。
具体地，在本公开的实施例中，馈线链路的连接状态可以根据卫星辅助信息(例如卫星的星历信息)设置，由于卫星的运动轨迹是设定的，因此根据星历信息，可以确定卫星和地面站建立连接的起始时间、持续时长、下一次连接建立的起始时间等参数。
在本公开的可选实施例中，上述星历信息可以包括卫星和地面站建立连接的起始时间、持续时长、下一次连接建立的起始时间等参数，gNB可以直接从星历信息中获取上述参数，或者，gNB可以根据卫星的星历信息推导或确定出上述参数，在本公开中gNB可以根据卫星和地面站建立连接的起始时间、持续时长、下一次连接建立的起始时间等参数，确定当前馈线链路是否处于成功连接或断开之后已经恢复连接的状态即可，对其如何根据星历信息获取上述参数不予限制。
S203，根据参数，确定第一状态。
在本公开的实施例中，gNB可以根据卫星和地面站建立连接的起始时间、持续时长、下一次连接建立的起始时间等参数，确定卫星和地面站之间的馈线链路的连接状态。
具体而言，当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且不超过持续时长时，确定第一状态具有第一值。第一值用于指示卫星和地面站之间的通信连接已连接。
例如，以通信连接建立的起始时间以及持续时长，可以确定馈线链路成功连接的时间区间，当当前时间落入该区间时，即当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且不超过持续时长时，gNB可以确定馈线链路处于连接状态，即第一状态具有第一值。
可以理解的是，卫星与地面站之间的连接具有一定的周期，在一次连接建立之后并经过了一定持续时长后，将建立下一周期的通信连接，换言之，gNB可以根据星历信息确定馈线链路是否处于连接状态，并不取决于其所处于哪一个连接周期内，只要能够确认在某一周期内即可确定馈线链路处于连接态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且超过持续时长且未到达下一次连接建立的起始时间时，确定第一状态具有第二值。第二值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接中断。
例如，当当前时间未落入从通信连接建立的起始时间开始、至经过通信连接建立的持续时长为止的区间时，即当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间超过持续时长，或未到达通信连接建立的起始时间时，gNB可以确定馈线链路处于非连接状态，即第一状态具有第二值。
再例如，如果gNB确定当前时间已经经过某一周期的通信连接建立持续时长，但是暂未达到下一周期的通信连接建立起始时间，则可以确定馈线链路处于去连接态。
可以理解的是，本公开描述的通信连接的起始时间以及下一次通信连接的起始时间与当前时间处于同一计时系统下，当其之间具有微小差别时，可以使用本领域通用的方式进行校准，在此不予详述。
S204，当第一状态具有第二值时，缓存用户设备上行数据。
S205，当第一状态具有第一值时，发送用户设备上行数据。
可以理解的是，图1所描述的实施例中步骤S102可以包括本实施例中的步骤S204-205，其原理与上述步骤S102相同，可以参照执行，在此不再赘述。
在本公开的实施例中，当确定馈线链路处于去连接态时，gNB可以缓存UE上行数据，即，可以容忍该业务的通信时延，从而在连接恢复后再进行发送。在本实施例中，UE上行数据可以是UE发起的协议数据单元(Protocol Data Unit，PDU)会话操作请求。
在本公开的实施例中，当确定卫星和地面站之间的馈线链路处于连接态时，gNB可以发送UE上行数据，其中，馈线链路处于连接态可以理解为馈线链路首次连接成功，也可以理解为馈线链路处于持续连接的过程中，还可以理解为在断开后恢复连接的状态。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，网络设备能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定建立卫星和地面站之间通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间，从而确定通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据，此外，gNB可以将卫星辅助信息发送至核心网网元，从而使得网络设备和核心网网元分别维护馈线链路的连接状态，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
在上述实施例中，网络设备仅需要根据馈线链路的连接状态即可确定是否缓存或发送UE上行数据。在本公开的一些可选实施例中，网络设备还可以确定UE的状态，并根据馈线链路的状态以及UE的状态确定是否缓存或发送UE上行数据。
具体地，gNB还可以确定第二状态，第二状态为用户设备的连接状态，包括连接管理-空闲(CM-IDLE)状态和连接管理-已连接(CM-CONNECTED)状态。可以理解的是，gNB可以使用相关技术中的通用方式确定UE的连接状态。
在本公开的实施例中，gNB可以基于第一状态和第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据。
具体地，当第一状态具有第二值且第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，gNB可以缓存用户设备上行数据，当第一状态具有第一值且第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送用户设备上行数据。
例如，当UE处于CM-IDLE态，且feeder link处于去连接态，如果gNB支持异步通信，其他网络功能向gNB指示可以为UE使用异步通信(或者可以容忍通信时延)，则gNB基于从UE接收的消息，更新并存储UE上下文。当UE处于CM-CONNECTED态，且feeder link处于连接态，gNB向核心网网元发送N1和N2消息，以同步UE的上下文。可以理解的是，5G核心功能单元可以通过AMF的N1/N2接口直接与接入网络(RAN)或UE通信。该服务还使NF能够订阅从UE接收的特定类型的N1消息或从接入网络接收的N2消息通知。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，网络设备在实现异步通信过程时，不仅确定卫星和地面站之间的馈线链路的连接情况，还确定UE和卫星的服务链路的连接情况，综合考虑了卫星连接状态和UE状态，从而实现对于卫星接入网络中所有非连续覆盖情况的解决方案，支持更广泛的业务通信需求。
作为一种具体示例，图3示出了根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的信令交互示意图。该方法应用于网络设备，并且基于图1和图2所示的实施例针对具体应用场景给出了一种示例。
本实施例描述的UE在发起PDU会话连接过程中，具备gNB功能的卫星和地面接收站之间的连接丢失，此时gNB可缓存会话建立消息，待连接恢复后，将缓存消息发送给核心网网元，完成UE的PDU会话建立过程。
如图3所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S301，完成核心网注册，gNB向AMF网元发送卫星辅助信息。
在该步骤中，UE通过卫星接入5G核心网，完成注册过程，在此过程中，gNB可将卫星辅助信息(例如星历信息)发送给核心网网元。具体地，gNB可以通过NGAP(NG Application Protocol)消息将星历信息发送给AMF网元。
基于星历信息可以确定卫星和地面接收站建立连接的起始时间，连接持续时间以及下一次连接建立时间等参数。
S302，根据卫星辅助信息，gNB确定馈线链路处于连接态。
此步骤中，馈线链路的状态具有第一值。此时，gNB和AMF分别维护馈线链路的连接状态。
可以理解的是，由于本公开能够实现卫星接入网络和核心网络的同步，与步骤S302对应地，在核心网网元侧，步骤S302’，根据卫星辅助信息，AMF网元同步确定馈线链路处于连接态。
S303，根据卫星辅助信息，gNB确定馈线链路处于去连接态。
此步骤中，馈线链路的状态具有第二值。应当理解的是，上述步骤S302和S303在本公开中并不表示发生顺序，仅表示两种可能。
可以理解的是，由于本公开能够实现卫星接入网络和核心网络的同步，与步骤S303对应地，在核心网网元侧，步骤S303’，根据卫星辅助信息，AMF网元同步确定馈线链路处于去连接态。
S304，UE发起PDU会话建立请求，并发送给gNB。
S305，gNB根据馈线链路处于去连接态，缓存UE上下文。
其中，UE上下文具体为PDU会话建立请求。
S306，gNB根据卫星辅助信息确馈线链路连接恢复，即确定馈线链路处于连接态。
可以理解的是，由于本公开能够实现卫星接入网络和核心网络的同步，与步骤S306对应地，在核心网网元侧，步骤S306’，根据卫星辅助信息，AMF网元同步确定馈线链路连接恢复。
S307，gNB将PDU会话建立请求转发给核心网网元。
S308，UE和网络侧完成PDU会话建立过程。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，网络设备能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据，提供了卫星接 入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
在通信场景中，信令和数据的传输是双向的，上述图1至图3所描述的实施例为异步通信方法在上行通信过程的实施，下面结合图4至图6描述异步通信方法在下行通信过程中的实施。
图4为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的流程示意图。该方法由第一核心网网元执行。在本公开的实施例中，第一核心网网元可以是接入和移动性管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)。
如图4所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S401，根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态。
其中，第一状态为卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，具体地，第一状态可以包括连接态和去连接态。
在本公开中，卫星和地面站之间通信连接为馈线链接(Feeder Link)，第一状态可以表征馈线链接是否处于正常的连接状态。为了支持馈线链接的非连续性覆盖场景下的异步通信模式，对馈线链接引入两种状态管理，具体地，第一状态可以是连接态，表示馈线链接为已连接状态或连接恢复状态，或者第一状态可以是去连接态，表示馈线链接的连接已丢失，即处于非连接状态。
在本公开的实施例中，卫星辅助信息可以是卫星的星历信息(Ephemeris data)，或其他能够表征卫星运行情况的数据，在本公开中不予限制。在一种可选的实施例中，卫星的星历信息中可以包括卫星和地面站建立连接的起始时间、持续时长、下一次连接建立的起始时间等数据。或者，可以通过卫星的星历信息推导或确定出卫星和地面站建立连接的起始时间、持续时长、下一次连接建立的起始时间等数据。
S402，基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据。
本公开可以根据第一状态是连接态或者去连接态，决定是否缓存UE上下文或发送UE上下文。具体地，在核心网元侧为下行通信场景，因此核心网网元可以根据第一状态决定是否缓存UE下行数据，或发送UE下行数据。
在本实施例中，UE下行数据可以是网络发起的服务请求(service request)。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，核心网网元能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
图5为根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的流程示意图。该方法由第一核心网网元执行，基于图4所示的实施例，如图5所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S501，接收网络设备发送的卫星辅助信息。
在本公开的实施例中，核心网网元可以从网络设备接收卫星辅助信息，卫星辅助信息可以是卫星的星历信息，或其他能够表征卫星运行情况的数据，在本公开中不予限制。
对于上行通信过程和下行通信过程，本公开可以实现网络设备侧和核心网元侧的数据同步。基于图1和图4所示的实施例可以知晓，本公开中核心网中的网元可以从gNB接收卫星辅助信息，核心网网元可以根据卫星辅助信息确定卫星和地面站之间的通信连接状态，实现卫星接入网与核心网之间的同步。
S502，根据卫星辅助信息确定通信连接的参数。
在本公开的实施例中，参数包括建立通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间。
可以理解的是，核心网网元可以接收卫星辅助信息，例如卫星的星历信息，根据卫星辅助信息推导出上述参数。作为一种可选实时方式，上述步骤S502可以为可选步骤，换言之，核心网网元可以直接从网络设备接收网络设备发送的通信连接的参数，参数包括建立通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间。
S503，根据参数，确定第一状态。
在本公开的实施例中，第一核心网网元可以根据卫星和地面站建立连接的起始时间、持续时长、下一次连接建立的起始时间等参数，确定卫星和地面站之间的馈线链路的连接状态。
具体而言，当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且不超过持续时长时，确定第一状态具有第一值。
例如，以通信连接建立的起始时间以及持续时长，可以确定馈线链路成功连接的时间区间，当当前时间落入该区间时，即当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且不超过持续时长时，第一核心网网元可以确定馈线链路处于连接状态，即第一状态具有第一值。
可以理解的是，卫星与地面站之间的连接具有一定的周期，在一次连接建立之后并经过了一定持续时长后，将建立下一周期的通信连接，换言之，第一核心网网元可以根据星历信息确定馈线链路是否处于连接状态，并不取决于其所处于哪一个连接周期内，只要能够确认在某一周期内即可确定馈线链路处于连接态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且超过持续时长且未到达下一次连接建立的起始时间时，确定第一状态具有第二值。
例如，当当前时间未落入从通信连接建立的起始时间开始、至经过通信连接建立的持续时长为止的区间时，即当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间超过持续时长，或未到达通信连接建立的起始时间时，第一核心网网元可以确定馈线链路处于非连接状态，即第一状态具有第二值。
再例如，如果第一核心网网元确定当前时间已经经过某一周期的通信连接建立持续时长，但是暂未达到下一周期的通信连接建立起始时间，则可以确定馈线链路处于去连接态。
可以理解的是，本公开描述的通信连接的起始时间以及下一次通信连接的起始时间与当前时间处于同一计时系统下，当其之间具有微小差别时，可以使用本领域通用的方式进行校准，在此不予详述。
S504，当第一状态具有第二值时，缓存用户设备的下行信令数据。
S505，当第一状态具有第一值时，发送用户设备的下行信令数据。
可以理解的是，图4所描述的实施例中步骤S402可以包括本实施例中的步骤S504-505，其原理与上述步骤S402相同，可以参照执行，在此不再赘述。
在本公开的实施例中，当确定馈线链路处于去连接态时，第一核心网网元可以缓存UE下行数据，即，可以容忍该业务的通信时延，从而在连接恢复后再进行发送。在本实施例中，UE下行数据可以是网络发起的服务请求(service request)。
在本公开的实施例中，当确定卫星和地面站之间的馈线链路处于连接态时，第一核心网网元可以发送UE下行数据，其中，馈线链路处于连接态可以理解为馈线链路首次连接成功，也可以理解为馈线链路处于持续连接的过程中，还可以理解为在断开后恢复连接的状态。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，第一核心网网元能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定建立卫星和地面站之间通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间，从而确定通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据，此外，第一核心网网元可以从网络设备接收卫星辅助信息，从而使得网络设备和核心网网元分别维护馈线链路的连接状态，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
在上述实施例中，第一核心网网元仅需要根据馈线链路的连接状态即可确定是否缓存或发送UE下行数据。在本公开的一些可选实施例中，第一核心网网元还可以确定UE的状态，并根据馈线链路的状态以及UE的状态确定是否缓存或发送UE下行数据。
具体地，gNB还可以确定第二状态，第二状态为用户设备的连接状态，包括连接管理-空闲(CM-IDLE)状态和连接管理-已连接(CM-CONNECTED)状态。可以理解的是，gNB可以使用相关技术中的通用方式确定UE的连接状态。
在本公开的实施例中，第一核心网网元可以基于第一状态和第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据。
具体地，当第一状态具有第二值且第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存用户设备的下行信令数据；当第一状态具有第一值且第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送用户设备的下行信令数据。
例如，UE使用卫星接入时，当UE处于CM-IDLE态，且feeder link处于去连接态，如果AMF支持异步通信，其他网络功能向AMF指示可以为UE使用异步通信(或者可以容忍通信时延)，则AMF基于从其他网络功能接收的消息，更新并存储UE上下文。当UE处于CM-CONNECTED态，且feeder link处于连接态，AMF向RAN和/UE发送N1和N2消息，以同步UE的上下文。可以理解的是，5G核心功能单元可以通过AMF的N1/N2接口直接与接入网络(RAN)或UE通信。该服务还使NF能够订阅从UE接收的特定类型的N1消息或从接入网络接收的N2消息通知。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该异步通信方法还包括：通知第二核心网网元，当第一状态具有第二值时，缓存用户设备的下行业务数据；当第一状态具有第一值时，发送用户设备的下行业务数据。
可选地，该异步通信方法还包括：通知第二核心网网元，当第一状态具有第二值且第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存用户设备的下行业务数据；当第一状态具有第一值且第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送用户设备的下行业务数据。
可以理解的是，第二核心网网元可以是会话管理功能(Session Management Function，SMF)、用户平面功能(User plane function，UPF)或其他核心网网元。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，在实现异步通信过程时，核心网网元不仅确定卫星和地面站之间的馈线链路的连接情况，还确定UE和卫星的服务链路的连接情况，综合考虑了卫星连接状态和UE状态，从而实现对于卫星接入网络中所有非连续覆盖情况的解决方案，支持更广泛的业务通信需求。
作为一种具体示例，图6示出了根据本公开实施例的一种异步通信方法的信令交互示意图。该方法应用于第一核心网网元，并且基于图4和图5所示的实施例针对具体应用场景给出了一种示例。
本实施例描述的网络触发发起服务请求的过程中，具备gNB功能的卫星和地面接收站之间的连接丢失，此时核心网网元AMF可缓存会话建立消息，待连接恢复后，将缓存消息发送给UE，完成服务请求过程。
如图6所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S601，完成核心网注册，gNB向AMF网元发送卫星辅助信息。
在该步骤中，UE通过卫星接入5G核心网，完成注册过程，在此过程中，gNB可将卫星辅助信息(例如星历信息)发送给核心网网元。具体地，gNB可以通过NGAP(NG Application Protocol)消息将星历信息发送给AMF网元。
基于星历信息可以确定卫星和地面接收站建立连接的起始时间，连接持续时间以及下一次连接建立时间等参数。
S602，根据卫星辅助信息，AMF网元确定馈线链路处于连接态。
此步骤中，馈线链路的状态具有第一值，此时，gNB和AMF分别维护馈线链路的连接状态。
可以理解的是，由于本公开能够实现卫星接入网络和核心网络的同步，与步骤S602对应地，在网络设备侧，步骤S602’，根据卫星辅助信息，gNB同步确定馈线链路处于连接态。
S603，根据卫星辅助信息，AMF网元确定馈线链路处于去连接态。
此步骤中，馈线链路的状态具有第二值。
可以理解的是，由于本公开能够实现卫星接入网络和核心网络的同步，与步骤S603对应地，在网络设备侧，步骤S603’，根据卫星辅助信息，gNB同步确定馈线链路处于去连接态。
S604，SMF网元向AMF网元发送用于触发AMF网元寻呼UE的消息。
在该步骤中，如果UPF网元接收到业务的下行数据，则向SMF网元上报。SMF网元可以向AMF网元发送Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer请求消息，以用于触发AMF网元寻呼UE。
S605，AMF网元根据馈线链路处于去连接态，缓存UE上下文。
该步骤中，当请求消息到达AMF网元时，由于feeder link此时处于去连接态，AMF网元可缓存UE上下文。
S606，AMF网元根据卫星辅助信息确馈线链路连接恢复，即确定馈线链路处于连接态。
可以理解的是，由于本公开能够实现卫星接入网络和核心网络的同步，与步骤S606对应地，在网络设备侧，步骤S606’，根据卫星辅助信息，gNB同步确定馈线链路连接恢复。
S607，当AMF网元上维护的UE状态为CM_IDLE态，AMF网元向UE发送寻呼(paging)消息。
S608，UE接收寻呼消息，发起服务请求过程。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，核心网网元能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别网络设备侧和核心网网元侧对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，网络设备和终端设备可以包括硬件结构、软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能可以以硬件结构、软件模块、或者硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行。
与上述几种实施例提供的异步通信方法相对应，本公开还提供一种异步通信装置，由于本公开实施例提供的异步通信装置与上述几种实施例提供的异步通信方法相对应，因此异步通信方法的实施方式也适用于本实施例提供的异步通信装置，在本实施例中不再详细描述。
图7为本公开实施例提供的一种异步通信装置700的结构示意图，该异步通信装置700可用于网络设备。
如图7所示，该装置700可以包括：
第一确定单元710，用于根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态，其中第一状态为卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态；以及
第二确定单元720，用于基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据。
根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，网络设备能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
在本公开的一些实施例中，上述第一确定单元710用于：
根据卫星辅助信息，确定通信连接的参数，参数包括建立通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间；
根据参数，确定第一状态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，上述第一确定单元710用于：
当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且不超过持续时长时，确定第一状态具有第一值，第一值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接已连接；
当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且超过持续时长且未到达下一次连接建立的起始时间时，确定第一状态具有第二值，第二值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接中断。
在本公开的一些实施例中，上述第二确定单元720用于：
当第一状态具有第二值时，缓存用户设备上行数据；
当第一状态具有第一值时，发送用户设备上行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，上述第一确定单元710还用于：
确定第二状态，第二状态为用户设备的连接状态，包括连接管理-空闲CM-IDLE状态和连接管理-已连接CM-CONNECTED状态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二确定单元720还用于：
基于第一状态和第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二确定单元720还用于：
当第一状态具有第二值且第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存用户设备上行数据；
当第一状态具有第一值且第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送用户设备上行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，如图8所示，上述异步通信装置700还包括：
发送单元730，用于向第一核心网网元发送卫星辅助信息，其中卫星辅助信息用于辅助第一核心网网元确定第一状态。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，网络设备能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定建立卫星和地面站之间通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间，从而确定通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据，此外，gNB可以将卫星辅助信息发送至核心网网元，从而使得网络设备和核心网网元分别维护馈线链路的连接状态，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
此外，网络设备在实现异步通信过程时，不仅确定卫星和地面站之间的馈线链路的连接情况，还确定UE和卫星的服务链路的连接情况，综合考虑了卫星连接状态和UE状态，从而实现对于卫星接入网络中所有非连续覆盖情况的解决方案，支持更广泛的业务通信需求。
图9为本公开实施例提供的一种异步通信装置900的结构示意图。该异步通信装置900可用于第一核心网网元。
如图9所示，该装置900可以包括：
第三确定单元910，用于根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态，其中第一状态为卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态；以及
第四确定单元920，用于基于第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据。
根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，核心网网元能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
在本公开的一些实施例中，如图10所示，上述装置900还包括：
接收单元930，用于接收网络设备发送的卫星辅助信息，或者接收网络设备发送的通信连接的参数，参数包括建立通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第三确定单元910用于：
根据卫星辅助信息，确定通信连接的参数，参数包括建立通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间；
根据参数，确定第一状态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第三确定单元910用于：
当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且不超过持续时长时，确定第一状态具有第一值，第一值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接已连接；
当当前时间经过通信连接的起始时间且超过持续时长且未到达下一次连接建立的起始时间时，确定第一状态具有第二值，第二值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接中断。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第四确定单元920用于：
当第一状态具有第二值时，缓存用户设备的下行信令数据；
当第一状态具有第一值时，发送用户设备的下行信令数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第三确定单元910用于：
确定第二状态，第二状态为用户设备的连接状态，包括连接管理-空闲CM-IDLE状态和连接管理-已连接CM-CONNECTED状态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第四确定单元920用于：
基于第一状态和第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第四确定单元920用于：
当第一状态具有第二值且第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存用户设备的下行信令数据；
当第一状态具有第一值且第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送用户设备的下行信令数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，上述装置900还包括通知单元940，用于：
通知第二核心网网元，当第一状态具有第二值时，缓存用户设备的下行业务数据；当第一状态具有第一值时，发送用户设备的下行业务数据，或者
通知第二核心网网元，当第一状态具有第二值且第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存用户设备的下行业务数据；当第一状态具有第一值且第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送用户设备的下行业务数据。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，第一核心网网元能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定建立卫星和地面站之间通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间，从而确定通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据，此外，第一核心网网元可以从网络设备接收卫星辅助信息，从而使得网络设备和核心网网元分别维护馈线链路的连接状态，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
此外，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，在实现异步通信过程时，核心网网元不仅确定卫星和地面站之间的馈线链路的连接情况，还确定UE和卫星的服务链路的连接情况，综合考虑了卫星连接状态和UE状态，从而实现对于卫星接入网络中所有非连续覆盖情况的解决方案，支持更广泛的业务通信需求。
本公开的实施例还提供一种通信系统，该通信系统应用于核心网络。其中，该通信系统可以是长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统、5G新空口(new radio，NR)系统，或者其他未来的新型移动通信系统等。
该通信系统包括：第一核心网网元，第二核心网网元，其中，所述第一核心网网元根据卫星辅助信息确定第一状态，其中所述第一状态为所述卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态；所述第一核心网元基于所述第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据；以及所述第一核心网元通知所述第二核心网元缓存或者发送所述用户设备下行数据。
在本公开的一些实施例中，上述第一核心网网元可以是接入和移动性管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)，或者可以是其他核心网功能。第二核心网网元可以是会话管理功能(Session Management Function，SMF)、用户平面功能(User plane function，UPF)或其他核心网网元。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的异步通信方法，第一核心网网元能够根据根据卫星辅助信息，确定卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态，并基于该状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据，第一核心网网元还可以通知第二核心网网元缓存或者发送UE下行数据，使得在核心网中的网元均可以执行缓存或发送UE下行数据，提供了卫星接入网络中馈线链路无法提供持续连接下的异步通信技术方案，在馈线链路连接中断时，对于用户设备的业务通信有效支持时延容忍，提高能够支持一定时延的用户设备的业务成功率。
请参见图11，图11是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置1100的结构示意图。通信装置1100可以是网络设备，也可以是用户设备，也可以是支持网络设备实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等，还可以是支持用户设备实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该装置可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，具体可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。
通信装置1100可以包括一个或多个处理器1101。处理器1101可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、基带芯片，终端设备、终端设备芯片，DU或CU等)进行控制，执行计算机程序，处理计算机程序的数据。
可选的，通信装置1100中还可以包括一个或多个存储器1102，其上可以存有计算机程序1104，处理器1101执行计算机程序1104，以使得通信装置1100执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，存储器1102中还可以存储有数据。通信装置1100和存储器1102可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
可选的，通信装置1100还可以包括收发器1105、天线1106。收发器1105可以称为收发单元、收发机、或收发电路等，用于实现收发功能。收发器1105可以包括接收器和发送器，接收器可以称为接收机或接收电路等，用于实现接收功能；发送器可以称为发送机或发送电路等，用于实现发送功能。
可选的，通信装置1100中还可以包括一个或多个接口电路1107。接口电路1107用于接收代码指令并传输至处理器1101。处理器1101运行代码指令以使通信装置1100执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。
在一种实现方式中，处理器1101中可以包括用于实现接收和发送功能的收发器。例如该收发器可以是收发电路，或者是接口，或者是接口电路。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、接口或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
在一种实现方式中，处理器1101可以存有计算机程序1103，计算机程序1103在处理器1101上运行，可使得通信装置1100执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。计算机程序1103可能固化在处理器1101中，该种情况下，处理器1101可能由硬件实现。
在一种实现方式中，通信装置1100可以包括电路，该电路可以实现前述方法实施例中发送或接收或者通信的功能。本申请中描述的处理器和收发器可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。该处理器和收发器也可以用各种IC工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor，CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide  semiconductor，PMOS)、双极结型晶体管(bipolar junction transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
以上实施例描述中的通信装置可以是网络设备或者用户设备，但本申请中描述的通信装置的范围并不限于此，而且通信装置的结构可以不受图10的限制。通信装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如该通信装置可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据，计算机程序的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(Modem)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、终端设备、智能终端设备、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、网络设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
对于通信装置可以是芯片或芯片系统的情况，可参见图12所示的芯片的结构示意图。图12所示的芯片包括处理器1201和接口1202。其中，处理器1101的数量可以是一个或多个，接口1102的数量可以是多个。
可选的，芯片还包括存储器1203，存储器1203用于存储必要的计算机程序和数据。
本领域技术人员还可以了解到本申请实施例列出的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)可以通过电子硬件、电脑软件，或两者的结合进行实现。这样的功能是通过硬件还是软件来实现取决于特定的应用和整个系统的设计要求。本领域技术人员可以对于每种特定的应用，可以使用各种方法实现的功能，但这种实现不应被理解为超出本申请实施例保护的范围。
本申请还提供一种可读存储介质，其上存储有指令，该指令被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。计算机程序可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，计算机程序可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：本申请中涉及的第一、第二等各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围，也表示先后顺序。
本申请中的至少一个还可以描述为一个或多个，多个可以是两个、三个、四个或者更多个，本申请不做限制。在本申请实施例中，对于一种技术特征，通过“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“A”、“B”、“C”和“D”等区分该种技术特征中的技术特征，该“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“A”、“B”、“C”和“D”描述的技术特征间无先后顺序或者大小顺序。
如本文使用的，术语“机器可读介质”和“计算机可读介质”指的是用于将机器指令和/或数据提供给可编程处理器的任何计算机程序产品、设备、和/或装置(例如，磁盘、光盘、存储器、可编程逻辑装置(PLD))，包括，接收作为机器可读信号的机器指令的机器可读介质。术语“机器可读信号”指的是用于将机器指令和/或数据提供给可编程处理器的任何信号。
可以将此处描述的系统和技术实施在包括后台部件的计算系统(例如，作为数据服务器)、或者包括中间件部件的计算系统(例如，应用服务器)、或者包括前端部件的计算系统(例如，具有图形用户界面或者网络浏览器的用户计算机，用户可以通过该图形用户界面或者该网络浏览器来与此处描述的系统和技术的实施方式交互)、或者包括这种后台部件、中间件部件、或者前端部件的任何组合的计算系统中。可以通过任何形式或者介质的数字数据通信(例如，通信网络)来将系统的部件相互连接。通信网络的示例包括：局域网(LAN)、广域网(WAN)和互联网。
计算机系统可以包括客户端和服务器。客户端和服务器一般远离彼此并且通常通过通信网络进行交互。通过在相应的计算机上运行并且彼此具有客户端-服务器关系的计算机程序来产生客户端和服务器的关系。
应该理解，可以使用上面所示的各种形式的流程，重新排序、增加或删除步骤。例如，本公开中记载的各步骤可以并行地执行也可以顺序地执行也可以不同的次序执行，只要能够实现本公开公开的技术方案所期望的结果，本文在此不进行限制。
此外，应该理解，本申请的各种实施例可以单独实施，也可以在方案允许的情况下与其他实施例组合实施。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种异步通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由网络设备执行，所述方法包括：
    根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态，其中所述第一状态为卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态；以及
    基于所述第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态包括：
    根据所述卫星辅助信息，确定所述通信连接的参数，所述参数包括建立所述通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间；
    根据所述参数，确定所述第一状态。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述参数，所述确定所述第一状态包括：
    当当前时间经过所述通信连接的起始时间且不超过所述持续时长时，确定所述第一状态具有第一值，所述第一值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接已连接；
    当当前时间经过所述通信连接的起始时间且超过所述持续时长且未到达下一次连接建立的起始时间时，确定所述第一状态具有第二值，所述第二值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接中断。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据包括：
    当所述第一状态具有第二值时，缓存所述用户设备上行数据；
    当所述第一状态具有第一值时，发送所述用户设备上行数据。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    确定第二状态，所述第二状态为用户设备的连接状态，包括连接管理-空闲CM-IDLE状态和连接管理-已连接CM-CONNECTED状态。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据包括：
    基于所述第一状态和所述第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一状态和所述第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备上行数据包括：
    当所述第一状态具有第二值且所述第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存所述用户设备上行数据；
    当所述第一状态具有第一值且所述第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送所述用户设备上行数据。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向第一核心网网元发送所述卫星辅助信息，其中所述卫星辅助信息用于辅助所述第一核心网网元确定所述第一状态。
  9. 一种异步通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由第一核心网网元执行，所述方法包括：
    根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态，其中所述第一状态为所述卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态；以及
    基于所述第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态之前，所述方法还包括：
    接收网络设备发送的所述卫星辅助信息，或者
    接收网络设备发送的通信连接的参数，所述参数包括建立所述通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间。
  11. 根据权利要求9至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据卫星辅助信息，确定第一状态包括：
    根据所述卫星辅助信息，确定所述通信连接的参数，所述参数包括建立所述通信连接的起始时间、持续时长、和/或下一次连接建立的起始时间；
    根据所述参数，确定所述第一状态。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述参数，所述确定所述第一状态包括：
    当当前时间经过所述通信连接的起始时间且不超过所述持续时长时，确定所述第一状态具有第一值，所述第一值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接已连接；
    当当前时间经过所述通信连接的起始时间且超过所述持续时长且未到达下一次连接建立的起始时间时，确定所述第一状态具有第二值，所述第二值用于指示所述卫星和所述地面站之间的通信连接中断。
  13. 根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据包括：
    当所述第一状态具有第二值时，缓存所述用户设备的下行信令数据；
    当所述第一状态具有第一值时，发送所述用户设备的下行信令数据。
  14. 根据权利要求9至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    确定第二状态，所述第二状态为用户设备的连接状态，包括连接管理-空闲CM-IDLE状态和连接管理-已连接CM-CONNECTED状态。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据包括：
    基于所述第一状态和所述第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一状态和所述第二状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据包括：
    当所述第一状态具有第二值且所述第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存所述用户设备的下行信令数据；
    当所述第一状态具有第一值且所述第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送所述用户设备的下行信令数据。
  17. 根据权利要求9至12、14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    通知第二核心网网元，当所述第一状态具有第二值时，缓存所述用户设备的下行业务数据；当所述第一状态具有第一值时，发送所述用户设备的下行业务数据，或者
    通知第二核心网网元，当所述第一状态具有第二值且所述第二状态为CM-IDLE状态时，缓存所述用户设备的下行业务数据；当所述第一状态具有第一值且所述第二状态为CM-CONNECTED状态时，发送所述用户设备的下行业务数据。
  18. 一种通信设备，其中，包括：收发器；存储器；处理器，分别与所述收发器及所述存储器连接，配置为通过执行所述存储器上的计算机可执行指令，控制所述收发器的无线信号收发，并能够实现权利要求1-17中任一项所述的方法。
  19. 一种计算机存储介质，其中，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令；所述计算机可执行指令被处理器执行后，能够实现权利要求1-17中任一项所述的方法。
  20. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括：
    第一核心网网元，
    第二核心网网元，其中，
    所述第一核心网网元根据卫星辅助信息确定第一状态，其中所述第一状态为所述卫星和地面站之间通信连接的状态；
    所述第一核心网元基于所述第一状态，确定是否缓存或者发送用户设备下行数据；以及
    所述第一核心网元通知所述第二核心网元缓存或者发送所述用户设备下行数据。
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