WO2023212961A1 - 切换方法及装置 - Google Patents

切换方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023212961A1
WO2023212961A1 PCT/CN2022/091319 CN2022091319W WO2023212961A1 WO 2023212961 A1 WO2023212961 A1 WO 2023212961A1 CN 2022091319 W CN2022091319 W CN 2022091319W WO 2023212961 A1 WO2023212961 A1 WO 2023212961A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
information
connection
handover
switching
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/091319
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘建宁
Original Assignee
北京小米移动软件有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 北京小米移动软件有限公司 filed Critical 北京小米移动软件有限公司
Priority to CN202280001598.9A priority Critical patent/CN117378247A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/091319 priority patent/WO2023212961A1/zh
Publication of WO2023212961A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023212961A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a switching method and device.
  • UE User Equipment
  • base station performance such as switching between a direct network communication path and an indirect network communication path.
  • UE User Equipment
  • UE User Equipment
  • base station performance such as switching between a direct network communication path and an indirect network communication path.
  • UE User Equipment
  • the present disclosure proposes a handover method and device, and provides a handover mechanism from a direct network connection to an indirect network connection triggered by the UE side, thereby improving the handover success rate and ensuring session continuity.
  • a first aspect embodiment of the present disclosure provides a handover method, which is applied to a first user equipment UE.
  • the method includes: establishing a connection with a second base station via a second UE, and the second base station provides services for the second UE; receiving first information, the first information being used to assist in handover from a first base station serving the first UE to a second base station; and sending second information to the first base station, the second information including the first information .
  • the method further includes: performing a relay UE discovery procedure to determine the second UE.
  • performing a relay UE discovery process to determine the second UE includes: receiving a broadcast from at least one relay UE, the broadcast carrying information supporting the relay service; and obtaining the information from the at least one relay UE. Select the second UE.
  • the method further includes: before establishing the connection with the second base station via the second UE, establishing a first connection with the second UE.
  • the connection between the second UE and the second base station is an access AS connection
  • receiving the first information includes: receiving information from the second UE through the AS connection, and the first information includes the identity of the second base station. , at least one of the measurement value of the second base station, and the identity of the second UE.
  • the second UE is a relay UE
  • the relay UE includes a Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE.
  • the method further includes: deciding to switch from the first base station to the second base station according to the first information, and generating a switching instruction; wherein the second message also includes the switching instruction, and the switching instruction is Instructing the first base station to perform handover.
  • the second information also includes a handover request, and the handover request is used to instruct the first base station to decide to switch to the second base station based on the first information.
  • a second aspect embodiment of the present disclosure provides a handover method, which method is applied to a second user equipment UE.
  • the method includes: establishing a connection with a first UE and a second base station, and the second base station provides services for the second UE. ; Determine first information, the first information is used to assist handover from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station; and send the first information to the first UE.
  • the method further includes: sending a broadcast to the first UE, where the broadcast carries information supporting the relay service.
  • the method further includes: before establishing the connections with the first UE and the second base station, establishing a first connection with the first UE.
  • the method further includes: after establishing the first connection, determining the connection management state of the second UE; when the second UE is in the connection management-idle CM-IDLE state, switching to Connection Management-Connected CM-CONNECTED status.
  • the connection with the first UE and the second base station is an access AS connection
  • sending the first information to the first UE includes: sending the first information to the first UE through the AS connection, and
  • One piece of information includes at least one of the identifier of the second base station, the measurement value of the second base station, and the identifier of the second UE.
  • the second UE is a relay UE
  • the relay UE includes a Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE.
  • a third aspect embodiment of the present disclosure provides a handover method, which is applied to a first base station.
  • the method includes: receiving second information sent by a first UE, where the second information includes first information, and the first information is used to Assist in handover from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station that provides services for the second UE; and handover the first base station to the second base station according to the second information.
  • the first information includes at least one of an identity of the second base station, a measurement value of the second base station, and an identity of the second UE.
  • the second information also includes a switching instruction.
  • switching the first base station to the second base station includes: switching the first base station to the second base station based on the switching instruction.
  • the switching instruction is Generated by the first UE according to the first information.
  • the second information also includes a handover request.
  • switching the first base station to the second base station includes: based on the handover request, deciding to switch to the second base station according to the first information. .
  • the method further includes: based on the existence of an Xn connection between the first base station and the second base station, performing an Xn-based handover process to complete handover of the first base station to the second base station; or based on the If there is no Xn connection between the first base station and the second base station or the Xn-based handover process fails, the N2-based handover process is executed to complete the handover with the first base station to the second base station.
  • a fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a switching device, which is applied to a first user equipment UE.
  • the switching device includes: a connection module for establishing a connection with a second base station via a second UE.
  • the second base station Providing services for the second UE; a receiving module for receiving first information, the first information being used to assist in switching from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station; and a sending module for transmitting the second information Sent to the first base station, the second information includes the first information.
  • a fifth aspect embodiment of the present disclosure provides a switching device, which is applied to a second user equipment UE.
  • the switching device includes: a connection module for establishing a connection with the first UE and the second base station.
  • the base station provides services for the second UE; a determining module is used to determine first information, the first information is used to assist switching from the first base station that provides services to the first UE to the second base station; and a sending module is used to send the first The information is sent to the first UE.
  • a sixth aspect embodiment of the present disclosure provides a switching device, which is applied to a first base station.
  • the switching device includes: a receiving module configured to receive second information sent by the first UE, where the second information includes the first Information, the first information is used to assist in switching from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station that provides services for the second UE; the switching module is used to switch the first base station to the second base station based on the second information. base station.
  • a seventh aspect embodiment of the present disclosure provides a handover system.
  • the handover system includes a first user equipment UE, a second UE, a first base station and a second base station, wherein the first UE establishes communication with the second user equipment via the second UE.
  • the connection of the base station, the second base station provides services for the second UE; the first UE receives the first information, and the first information is used to assist in switching from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station; the first UE transfers the first base station to the second base station.
  • the second information is sent to the first base station, and the second information includes the first information; the first base station switches the first base station to the second base station according to the second information.
  • An eighth embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device.
  • the communication device includes: a transceiver; a memory; and a processor, respectively connected to the transceiver and the memory, and configured to control the transceiver by executing computer-executable instructions on the memory.
  • wireless signal transceiver and can implement the method as in the first aspect embodiment or the second aspect embodiment or the third aspect embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a ninth embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions; after the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions can implement the first embodiment or the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a handover method and device, in which a first user equipment UE establishes a connection with a second base station via a second UE, and receives information through the connection.
  • the information is used to indicate that the first UE expects to be the first UE.
  • the first base station that provides services switches to the second base station that serves the second UE and sends the information to the first base station, which can improve the success rate of network handover and ensure session continuity.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a timing diagram of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is a block diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is a block diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 11 is a block diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 12 is a block diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 13 is a block diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • D2D communication based on cellular networks, or Proximity Service (ProSe) means that user data can be transmitted directly between terminals without going through the network.
  • Proximity Service ProSe
  • the 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) system has been enhanced to support ProSe in TS 23.304[17], however, the user equipment inter-user ( UE-to-UE) relay.
  • UE-to-UE user equipment inter-user
  • the PC5 interface is an interface for direct device-to-device (D2D) communication using the user plane between V2X business UEs.
  • D2D device-to-device
  • the Uu interface is the air interface between the car module and the base station.
  • a UE communicates with the base station through a relay UE (RelayUE)
  • the UE is a remote UE (RemoteUE). It communicates with the relay UE through the PC5 interface, and the relay UE communicates with the base station through the Uu interface.
  • the connection between the relay UE and the base station is a direct network connection
  • the connection between the remote UE and the base station is an indirect network connection.
  • the UE can switch the base station. For example, it can switch from a direct connection with the source base station to an indirect connection with the target base station.
  • the remote UE performs the measurement and reporting process, receives the broadcast of the target base station through the Uu interface, and obtains the measurement value of the target base station. This process can be found in step 1 in clause 16.x.6.2 of TS 38.300[15].
  • the base station decides to handover the user equipment to network (UEtoNetwork, U2N) remote UE to the target U2N relay UE.
  • the base station selects a target U2N relay UE.
  • the target U2N relay UE is included in the access and mobility management functions.
  • AMF Access and Mobility Mangement Function
  • PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
  • the source base station sends the handover request defined in the TS 38.423 [18] protocol and at least the identity of the U2N relay UE and the serving cell identity of the U2N relay UE.
  • the target base station responds to the handover request confirmation defined in TS 38.413 [19]. After that, according to The relevant steps in Clause 16.x.6.2 of TS 38.300[15] and Clause 4.9.1.2.2 of TS 23.502[8] perform the switch.
  • this solution uses the source base station to configure the relay UE, and under this solution, the UE can only directly obtain the measurement value through the broadcast signal of the base station, and does not support the remote UE to obtain the measurement value of the target base station through the relay UE. Therefore, this This handover scheme is limited by the fact that the remote UE and the relay UE must be within the cell range of the target base station, and its handover success rate and session continuity are subject to certain restrictions.
  • the present disclosure proposes a handover method and device, which provides a handover mechanism from a direct network connection to an indirect network connection triggered by the UE side, thereby improving the handover success rate and ensuring session continuity.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the method is applied to a first user equipment UE, and may include the following steps.
  • the first UE can be understood as a remote UE
  • the first base station that provides services to the first UE can be understood as a source base station
  • the second UE can be understood as a relay UE
  • the second base station can be understood as a second base station.
  • the UE provides services
  • the second base station that provides services for the second UE can be understood as the target base station.
  • the relay UE includes Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE (Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE).
  • the first UE When the first UE decides to switch the direct network connection to the indirect network connection, the first UE passes the appropriate layer 2 UE to network relay UE (L2 U2N (UE-to-Network) RelayUE), between the first UE and the second Connections are established between base stations.
  • L2 U2N UE-to-Network
  • connection is an Access (AS) connection
  • AS Access
  • AS connection may include a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) access and/or a non-3GPP access.
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • the first information is used to assist in handover from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station. It can be understood that the first information can assist the first UE in deciding to handover from the first base station to the second base station, and can also assist the first base station in deciding to handover to the second base station.
  • the first UE may receive the above-mentioned first information from the second UE through the established connection, or may receive the above-mentioned first information through other means.
  • the first UE may receive the above-mentioned first information from the second UE through the above-established AS connection.
  • the first information includes the identifier of the second base station, the measurement value of the second base station, and the first information. At least one of the two UE identifiers.
  • the measurement value of the second base station may be the signal strength of the second base station and other data indicating the communication capability of the second base station.
  • the identifier of the second base station may also be the identifier of the cell corresponding to the second base station, which is not limited in this disclosure.
  • the first information may be obtained through one message or through multiple messages.
  • the multiple messages may be received simultaneously or separately in a certain order.
  • the identity of the second base station, the measurement value of the second base station, and the identity of the second UE may be obtained through the same message, may be obtained simultaneously through multiple messages, or may be obtained separately through multiple messages. Acquisition, for example, obtains the identity of the second UE before the connection is established, and obtains the identity of the second base station or the measurement value of the second base station after the connection is established, which is not limited in this disclosure.
  • the identity of the UE can be a Generic Public Subscription Identifier (GPSI) or a User Permanent Identifier (Subscription Permanent Identifier, SUPI), which is not limited in this disclosure.
  • GPSI Generic Public Subscription Identifier
  • SUPI User Permanent Identifier
  • the first UE may send the second information to the first base station through the original connection with the first base station.
  • the first UE may decide whether to handover the first base station to the second base station, or the first base station may decide whether to handover to the second base station.
  • the first base station may be switched to the second base station.
  • the second information also includes a handover instruction or a handover request, and the first base station completes the handover in response to the second information. In other words, the first UE switches from being served by the source base station to being served by the target base station.
  • the first UE when the first UE decides whether to handover the first base station to the second base station according to the UE local policy configuration, the first UE may decide to switch from the first base station to the second base station based on the received first information.
  • the base station switches to the second base station and generates a switching instruction, which is included in the second information.
  • the first UE sends the switching instruction together with the first information to the first base station, so that the first base station responds to the switching instruction, Handover is directly performed based on data such as the second base station ID included in the first information.
  • the second information when the first base station decides whether to handover to the second base station according to the UE local policy configuration, the second information also includes a handover request, and the first UE may receive the handover request from the second UE.
  • the first information is sent to the first base station together with the handover request, so that the first base station responds to the handover request, decides to switch to the second base station according to the data in the first information, and executes the handover process.
  • the first user equipment UE establishes a connection with the second base station via the second UE and receives the first information.
  • the first information is used to assist in providing services to the first UE.
  • the first base station switches to the second base station serving the second UE, and sends the second information to the first base station.
  • the second information includes the first information, thereby improving the network handover success rate, ensuring session continuity, and expanding the network The scope of application of the switch.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method is applied to the first user equipment UE, based on the embodiment shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 2, and the method may include the following steps.
  • S201 Perform a relay UE discovery process to determine the second UE.
  • the first UE attempts to perform the L2 U2NRelayUE discovery process to select a suitable L2 U2NRelayUE.
  • the L2 U2NRelayUE discovery process please refer to the content specified in Section 6.3.2.3 of TS 23.304 and will not be repeated here. It can be understood that when a UE triggers the L2U2N Relay discovery process, the UE becomes a Remote UE.
  • the first UE performs a relay UE discovery process to determine the second UE. Specifically, it may include: receiving a broadcast from at least one relay UE, the broadcast carrying information supporting the relay service; and obtaining information from at least one relay UE. Select the second UE among the succeeding UEs.
  • the first UE may decide to try from The direct network connection is switched to the indirect network connection. For example, when the direct network connection may not meet the quality of service (Quality of Service, QoS) of UL/DL data transmission, the first UE may be triggered to decide to try switching.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • S202 Establish a connection with the second base station via the second UE.
  • the second base station provides services for the second UE.
  • the first information is used to assist in handover from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station.
  • the first user equipment UE performs a relay UE discovery process to determine the second UE, thereby establishing a connection with the second base station via the second UE, and receiving the first information , the first information is used to assist in switching from the first base station serving the first UE to the second base station serving the second UE, and the second information is sent to the first base station.
  • This solution changes the triggering conditions and triggering subjects for network handover by the source base station specifying a specific relay UE in related technologies, reduces the complexity of network handover, improves the success rate of network handover, ensures session continuity, and expands the network The scope of application of the switch.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method is applied to the first user equipment UE, based on the embodiment shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 3, and the method may include the following steps.
  • the first UE before establishing a connection between the first UE and the second base station via the second UE, the first UE establishes a first connection with the second UE.
  • the first connection may be a PC5 connection, which is established between the remote UE and the L2 U2N relay UE.
  • PC5 connection For this process, please refer to the content specified in Article 6.4.3 of TS23.304, which will not be described again here.
  • the connection management-idle (CM-IDLE) state of the second UE is switched to the connection management-connected (CM-CONNECTED) state.
  • CM-CONNECTED connection management-connected
  • the established PC5 connection can help establish the connection in the following step S302 between the Remote UE (i.e., the first UE) and the target gNB (i.e., the second base station) through the L2 U2N Relay UE (i.e., the second UE) ( That is, the first UE is connected to the second base station via the second UE).
  • the Remote UE i.e., the first UE
  • the target gNB i.e., the second base station
  • L2 U2N Relay UE i.e., the second UE
  • S302 Establish a connection with the second base station via the second UE.
  • the second base station provides services for the second UE.
  • the connection with the second base station via the second UE may be an Access (AS) connection.
  • AS Access
  • the connection management state of the second UE switches to the CM-CONNECTED state, which indicates that the second UE and the second base station are in a connected state.
  • the first UE may establish an AS connection with the second base station via the second UE.
  • the AS connection is used to transmit data and/or signaling between the first UE, the second UE, and the second base station.
  • the first information is used to assist in handover from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station.
  • steps S302-S304 please refer to the relevant description and details of steps S101-S103 in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 or steps S202-S204 in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, which will not be described again here. .
  • the first user equipment UE can establish a PC5 connection with the second UE, thereby establishing a connection with the second base station via the second UE, receiving the first information, and Second information including the first information is sent to the first base station.
  • This solution changes the execution sequence of establishing PC5 connection and/or AS connection and obtaining target base station-related data in related technologies, avoiding the problem of low handover success rate caused by obtaining target base station measurement values through broadcasting and then establishing related connections. Instead, it first Establish PC5 connection and/or AS connection and then transmit relevant data of the target base station, thereby improving the success rate of network handover while ensuring session continuity.
  • FIG 4 is a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the method is applied to the second user equipment UE, and may include the following steps.
  • the second UE is a suitable layer 2 UE to network relay UE (L2 U2N (UE-to-Network) Relay UE) selected by the first UE by performing a relay UE discovery process, which process can Please refer to the content stipulated in TS 23.304 Section 6.3.2.3, which will not be repeated here.
  • L2 U2N UE-to-Network
  • Relay UE UE-to-Network Relay UE
  • the first UE can be understood as a remote UE
  • the first base station that provides services for the first UE can be understood as a source base station
  • the second UE can be understood as a relay UE
  • the second base station provides services for the second UE
  • the second base station provides services for the second UE.
  • the second base station that provides services to the second UE can be understood as the target base station.
  • relay UE includes Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE (Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE).
  • the second UE can establish a connection with the first UE and the second base station.
  • the connection connects the first UE and the second base station via the second UE.
  • connection is an access AS connection, which may include a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) access and/or a non-3GPP access.
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • the second UE may perform a first information confirmation step, and the first information is used to assist in handover from the first base station that provides services to the first UE to the second base station.
  • the information includes at least one of the identity of the second base station, the measurement value of the second base station, and the identity of the second UE.
  • the second UE can perform the measurement and reporting process through the original network connection with the second base station, determine the measurement value of the second base station by receiving the measurement report from the second base station, and determine the identity of the second base station and the second UE own identity.
  • the measurement value of the second base station may be the signal strength of the second base station and other data indicating the communication capability of the second base station, which is not limited in this disclosure.
  • the second UE may send information such as the identity of the second base station, the measurement value of the second base station, and the identity of the second UE to the first UE through the established AS connection.
  • the first information may also be obtained by the first UE through other methods.
  • the second UE establishes a connection with the first UE and the second base station that provides services for the second UE, determines the first information, and sends the first information to the first UE.
  • the architecture of this solution can effectively improve the success rate of network handover, ensure session continuity, and expand the applicable scope of network handover.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method is applied to the second user equipment UE. Based on the embodiment shown in Figure 4, as shown in Figure 5, the method may include the following steps.
  • S501 Send a broadcast to the first UE, where the broadcast carries information supporting the relay service.
  • a UE when a UE is a UE that supports relay services, it can act as a relay UE and send out a broadcast carrying information that it supports relay services.
  • the first UE attempts to perform relay UE discovery.
  • the broadcast of at least one relay UE may be received, thereby selecting the second UE as a suitable L2 U2NRelay UE from the at least one relay UE.
  • this process please refer to the content specified in Section 6.3.2.3 of TS 23.304 and will not be repeated here.
  • S502 Establish a first connection with the first UE.
  • the second UE Before establishing a connection between the first UE and the second base station via the second UE, the second UE may establish a first connection with the first UE.
  • the first connection may be a PC5 connection, which is established between the remote UE (i.e., the first UE) and the L2 U2N relay UE (i.e., the second UE).
  • the process may be referred to in Article 6.4.3 of TS 23.304. The stipulations will not be repeated here.
  • the second UE may determine the connection management state, and when the second UE is in the connection management-idle (CM-IDLE) state, switch to the connection management-connected (CM- CONNECTED) status.
  • CM-IDLE connection management-idle
  • CM- CONNECTED connection management-connected
  • the established PC5 connection can help establish the connection in the following step S503 between the Remote UE (ie, the first UE) and the target gNB (ie, the second base station) through the L2 U2N Relay UE (ie, the second UE).
  • S503 Establish a connection with the first UE and the second base station.
  • the connection with the second base station via the second UE may be an Access (AS) connection.
  • AS Access
  • the connection management state of the second UE switches to the CM-CONNECTED state, which indicates that the second UE and the second base station are in a connected state.
  • the first UE may establish an AS connection with the second base station via the second UE.
  • the AS connection is used to transmit data and/or signaling between the first UE, the second UE, and the second base station.
  • S504. Determine first information.
  • the first information is used to assist handover from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station.
  • S505 Send the first information to the first UE.
  • steps S503-S505 For the description and specific details of the above steps S503-S505, reference may be made to the relevant description and details of steps S401-S403 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, which will not be described again here.
  • the second UE can assist the first UE in performing the relay UE discovery process by sending a broadcast, and establish a PC5 connection with the first UE, thereby establishing a connection with the first UE and for
  • the second UE provides a connection to the second base station serving, determines the first information, and sends the first information to the first UE.
  • This solution changes the process of establishing a PC5 connection and/or AS connection and obtaining target base station related data in the related art.
  • the execution sequence avoids the problem of low handover success rate caused by obtaining the measurement values of the target base station through broadcasting and then establishing the relevant connection. Instead, the PC5 connection and/or AS connection is first established and then the relevant data of the target base station is transmitted, thereby ensuring session continuity. Under the premise of improving network switching success rate.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 6, the method is applied to the first base station and may include the following steps.
  • the above-mentioned second information includes first information.
  • the first information is obtained by the first UE through the connection with the second base station via the second UE, and is used to assist in switching from the first base station that provides services to the first UE.
  • the second base station provides services for the second UE.
  • the first UE can be understood as a remote UE
  • the first base station that provides services for the first UE can be understood as the source base station
  • the second UE can be understood as a relay UE that provides services for the second UE.
  • the second base station can be understood as the target base station.
  • the relay UE includes Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE (Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE).
  • the first UE When the first UE decides to switch the direct network connection to the indirect network connection, the first UE can pass the appropriate layer 2 UE to network relay UE (L2 U2N (UE-to-Network) Relay UE), between the first UE and the second Connections are established between base stations.
  • L2 U2N UE-to-Network
  • the first UE may receive the above-mentioned first information from the second UE through an established connection, where the connection is an access AS connection, and the AS connection may include a third generation partnership program (3rd generation partnership plan). Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP) access and/or non-3GPP access.
  • 3rd generation partnership plan Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP
  • the first UE can receive the above-mentioned first information from the second UE through the above-mentioned established AS connection, and the first UE can also obtain the above-mentioned first information through other methods.
  • the first information includes at least one of the identity of the second base station, the measurement value of the second base station, and the identity of the second UE.
  • the measurement value of the second base station may be the signal strength of the second base station and other data indicating the communication capability of the second base station, which is not limited in this disclosure.
  • the first base station may receive the above-mentioned second information based on the original connection with the first UE.
  • the first UE may decide whether to handover the first base station to the second base station, or the first base station may decide whether to handover to the second base station, so that the first base station Based on the information received, the base station can decide whether/how to switch data traffic from a direct network connection to an indirect network connection.
  • the second information also includes a handover instruction or a handover request, and the first base station completes the handover based on the second information. In other words, the first UE switches from being served by the source base station to being served by the target base station.
  • the first UE when the first UE decides whether to handover the first base station to the second base station according to the UE local policy configuration, the first UE may decide to switch from the first base station to the second base station based on the received first information.
  • the base station switches to the second base station and generates a switching instruction, which is included in the second information.
  • the first UE sends the switching instruction together with the first information to the first base station.
  • the first base station directly performs handover according to the second base station ID and other data included in the first information.
  • the second information when the first base station decides whether to handover to the second base station according to the UE local policy configuration, the second information also includes a handover request, and the first UE may receive the handover request from the second UE.
  • the first information is sent to the first base station together with the handover request.
  • the first base station decides to handover to the second base station according to the data in the first information, and executes the handover process.
  • the first base station may decide to switch to the second base station.
  • the network connection between the first UE and the first base station is switched to The network connection between the first UE and the second base station, in other words, switches the first base station to provide services for the first UE to the second base station to provide services for the first UE.
  • the specific implementation method for the first base station to decide whether to switch based on the received information can be found in the handover conditions in related technologies, which is not limited here.
  • the first base station that provides services for the first UE can receive the second information sent by the first UE, and based on the second information, decide whether to provide services for the first UE.
  • the serving first base station switches to the second base station, where the second information includes the first information, the first information is obtained by the first UE through the connection with the second base station via the second UE, and the second base station provides the second UE with Serve.
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic flowchart of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method is applied to the first base station. Based on the embodiment shown in Figure 6, as shown in Figure 6, the method may include the following steps.
  • S702 According to the second information, switch the first base station that provides services to the first UE to the second base station.
  • steps S701-S702 For the description and specific details of the above steps S701-S702, reference may be made to the relevant description and details of steps S601-602 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, which will not be described again here.
  • the first base station performs a handover process of switching the data of the remote UE from the source base station (first base station) to the target base station (second base station) according to the information received in step 701, where, When there is an Xn connection between the source base station and the target base station, the first base station can perform an Xn-based handover (Handover, HO) process to complete the step of handing over the first base station to the second base station.
  • Xn-based handover Handover, HO
  • the first base station can perform an N2-based HO process, thereby handing over the first base station to the second base station.
  • N2-based HO process please refer to the content specified in TS 23.502 Sections 4.9.1.3.2 and 4.9.1.3.3, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first base station receives information sent by the first UE, where the information is between the first base station and the second base station (ie, the target base station) via the second UE.
  • the indirect network connection is received, and based on this information, it is decided whether to switch network services for the first UE, which avoids the handover success rate caused by the source base station designating the relay UE in related technologies, first performing handshakes between base stations and then establishing a data transmission connection.
  • the solution of the present disclosure can improve the success rate of network handover while ensuring session continuity. At the same time, it eliminates the restriction that the remote UE needs to be within the signal coverage of the target base station to complete the handover, and expands the applicability of network handover. scope.
  • FIG. 8 is a timing diagram of a switching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method is applied to a handover system, which includes a first user equipment UE, a second UE, a first base station and a second base station.
  • the first UE can be understood as a remote UE (RemoteUE)
  • the first base station that provides services for the first UE can be understood as a source base station (SourcegNB)
  • the second UE can be understood as a relay UE (L2RelayUE).
  • the second base station that provides services to the UE can be understood as a target base station (TargetNB).
  • the handover system also involves Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) network elements, Session Management Function (SMF) network elements, and User Plane Function (UPF) network elements. Elements, which are all 5G core network elements, will not be described in detail here.
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • the method includes the following steps.
  • the UE decides to try to switch from a direct network connection to an indirect network connection.
  • the direct network connection may not meet the QoS of UL/DL data transmission.
  • the UE attempts to perform the L2 U2N Relay discovery process to select a suitable L2 U2N Relay UE.
  • the process can be referred to the content specified in TS 23.304 Section 6.3.2.3, which will not be described again. It can be understood that when the UE triggers the L2 U2N Relay discovery process, the UE becomes a Remote UE.
  • the RemoteUE performs a RelayUE discovery process to determine a suitable RelayUE in the following manner: the RemoteUE receives a broadcast from at least one RelayUE, which carries information supporting relay services, and the RemoteUE receives information from at least one RelayUE. Choose one of the RelayUEs as the appropriate L2 U2N Relay UE.
  • RelayUE includes Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE.
  • the RelayUE when the PC5 connection is established, the RelayUE will check whether it is connected to the target base station. When the Relay UE is in the connection management-idle (CM-IDLE) state, it switches to the connection management-connected (CM- CONNECTED) status. In other words, when the L2 U2N Relay UE is in the CM-IDLE state, the establishment process of the PC5 connection will trigger the service request (Service Request) to change to the CM-CONNECTED state.
  • CM-IDLE connection management-idle
  • CM- CONNECTED connection management-connected
  • connection is an access AS connection, which may include a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) access and/or a non-3GPP access.
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • the connection established between the Remote UE and the target gNB through the L2 U2N Relay UE may be an access (Access, AS) connection. It can be understood that after the PC5 connection between the Remote UE and the RelayUE is established, the connection management state of the RelayUE switches to the CM-CONNECTED state, which indicates that the RelayUE and the target gNB are in a connected state. At this time, the RemoteUE can establish an AS connection with the target gNB via the RelayUE. This AS connection is used to transmit data and/or signaling between RemoteUE, RelayUE, and target gNB.
  • AS access
  • RemoteUE receives the first information from RelayUE.
  • the first information is used to assist handover from the source base station that provides services for the Remote UE to the target base station.
  • the Remote UE may receive the above-mentioned first information from the Relay UE through the established AS connection.
  • the information includes at least one of the identification of the target base station, the measurement value of the target base station, and the identification of the Relay UE, that is, target gNB ID, target gNBvalues, L2 U2N Relay UE ID, etc.
  • the measurement value of the target base station can be the signal strength of the target base station and other data indicating the communication capability of the target base station.
  • the identification of the target base station can also be the identification (CellID) of the cell corresponding to the target base station, which is not limited in this disclosure.
  • S806 The Remote UE sends second information to the source gNB to decide to switch to the target gNB.
  • the remote UE can send the second information to the source base station through the original connection with the source base station.
  • the second information includes the first information, and the first information can assist handover from the source base station to the target base station.
  • the source base station can decide whether/how to switch the data traffic from the direct network connection to the indirect network connection based on the received second information. In other words, the remote UE switches from the service provided by the source base station to the service provided by the target base station.
  • the source gNB decides to switch the data of the remote UE from the source gNB to the target gNB based on the received second information.
  • the remote UE can decide whether to handover the source base station to the target base station, or the source base station can decide whether to handover to the target base station, so that the source base station can decide according to the received
  • the information determines whether/how to switch data traffic from a direct network connection to an indirect network connection.
  • the second information also includes a handover instruction or a handover request, and the source base station completes the handover based on the second information.
  • the remote UE switches from the service provided by the source base station to the service provided by the target base station.
  • the remote UE may decide to handover from the source base station to the target base station based on the received first information.
  • the target base station generates a handover instruction, which is included in the second information.
  • the remote UE sends the handover instruction together with the first information to the source base station.
  • the source base station directly performs handover according to data such as the target base station ID included in the first information.
  • the second information when the source base station decides whether to handover to the target base station according to the UE local policy configuration, the second information also includes a handover request, and the remote UE may receive the first information from the relay UE. , sent to the source base station together with the handover request.
  • the source base station decides to handover to the target base station according to the data in the first information, and executes the handover process.
  • the source base station may decide to switch to the target base station.
  • the network connection between the remote UE and the source base station is switched to the remote UE according to the identity of the target base station and the identity of the relay UE.
  • the network connection with the target base station in other words, switches the source base station to provide services for the remote UE to the target base station to provide services for the remote UE.
  • the specific implementation method for the source base station to decide whether to switch based on the received information can be found in the handover conditions in related technologies, which is not limited here.
  • S808 Based on the Xn connection existing between the source base station and the target base station, perform an If the Xn connection or the Xn-based handover process fails, an N2-based handover process is performed between the source base station and the target base station to complete handover from the source base station to the target base station.
  • the source base station decides to handover the data of the remote UE from the source base station to the target base station based on the information received in the above steps.
  • the source base station when there is an Xn connection between the source base station and the target base station, the source base station The base station can perform an Xn-based handover (Handover, HO) process to complete the step of handing over the source base station to the target base station.
  • Xn-based handover Handover, HO
  • the source base station can perform an N2-based HO process, thereby handing over the source base station to the target base station.
  • N2-based HO process please refer to the content specified in TS 23.502 Sections 4.9.1.3.2 and 4.9.1.3.3, and will not be repeated here.
  • the problem of low handover success rate caused by the source base station designating the relay UE in the related technology is first performed and then the data transmission connection is established. It can improve the success rate of network handover while ensuring session continuity, and at the same time eliminates the restriction that the remote UE needs to be within the signal coverage of the target base station to complete the handover, expanding the applicable scope of network handover.
  • network equipment and user equipment may include hardware structures and software modules to implement the above functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules.
  • a certain function among the above functions can be executed by a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module.
  • the present disclosure also provides a switching device. Since the switching device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure corresponds to the switching methods provided by the above-mentioned embodiments, the implementation of the switching method It is also applicable to the switching device provided in this embodiment, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device 900 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the switching device 900 can be used for the first user equipment UE.
  • the device 900 may include: a connection module 910, used to establish a connection with a second base station via the second UE, and the second base station provides services for the second UE; a receiving module 920, used to receive the first information, the first information is used to assist handover from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station; and the sending module 930 is used to send the second information to the first base station, the second information includes the first information.
  • the first user equipment UE establishes a connection with the second base station via the second UE and receives the first information, and the first information is used to assist the first user equipment UE to provide services for the first UE.
  • the base station switches to the second base station serving the second UE, and sends the second information including the first information to the first base station, thereby improving the network switching success rate, ensuring session continuity, and expanding the applicable scope of the network switching.
  • the connection is an access AS connection
  • the connection module 920 receives the first information from the second UE through the AS connection.
  • the first information includes the identification of the second base station, the measurement value of the second base station, and the second base station. At least one of the two UE identifiers.
  • the second UE is a relay UE
  • the relay UE includes a Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE.
  • the apparatus 900 further includes a determining module 940, configured to perform a relay UE discovery process to determine the second UE.
  • the determining module 940 is specifically configured to receive a broadcast from at least one relay UE, where the broadcast carries information supporting the relay service; and select a second UE from the at least one relay UE.
  • connection module 920 establishes the first connection with the second UE before establishing the above-mentioned AS connection.
  • the method further includes: deciding to switch from the first base station to the second base station according to the first information, and generating a switching instruction; wherein the second message also includes the switching instruction, and the switching instruction is Instructing the first base station to perform handover.
  • the second information also includes a handover request, and the handover request is used to instruct the first base station to decide to switch to the second base station based on the first information.
  • the first user equipment UE performs a relay UE discovery process to determine the second UE.
  • the first user equipment UE can establish a PC5 connection with the second UE, thereby establishing a connection via the second UE.
  • the first UE receives the first information and sends the second information including the first information to the first base station.
  • This solution changes the triggering conditions and triggering subjects for network switching by the source base station specifying a specific relay UE in related technologies.
  • This solution changes the execution sequence of establishing PC5 connections and/or AS connections and acquiring target base station-related data in related technologies. , which avoids the problem of low handover success rate caused by obtaining the measurement values of the target base station through broadcasting and then establishing the relevant connection. Instead, it first establishes the PC5 connection and/or the AS connection and then transmits the relevant data of the target base station, thereby ensuring session continuity. This improves the success rate of network switching and expands the applicable scope of network switching.
  • FIG 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device 1100 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the switching device 1100 can be used for the second user equipment UE.
  • the device 1100 may include: a connection module 1110, used to establish a connection with the first UE and a second base station, and the second base station provides services for the second UE; a determination module 1120, used to determine the first information , the first information is used to assist in switching from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station; and the sending module 1130 is used to send the first information to the first UE.
  • a connection module 1110 used to establish a connection with the first UE and a second base station, and the second base station provides services for the second UE
  • a determination module 1120 used to determine the first information , the first information is used to assist in switching from the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station
  • the sending module 1130 is used to send the first information to the first UE.
  • the second UE establishes a connection with the first UE and the second base station that provides services for the second UE, determines the first information, and sends the first information to the first UE,
  • the architecture of this solution can effectively improve the success rate of network switching, ensure session continuity, and expand the applicable scope of network switching.
  • the connection is an access AS connection
  • the sending module 1130 is specifically configured to send the first information to the first UE through the AS connection.
  • the first information includes the identity of the second base station and the measurement of the second base station. value, and at least one of the identity of the second UE.
  • the second UE is a relay UE
  • the relay UE includes a Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE.
  • the device 1100 further includes a broadcast module 1140, configured to send a broadcast to the first UE, where the broadcast carries information supporting the relay service.
  • a broadcast module 1140 configured to send a broadcast to the first UE, where the broadcast carries information supporting the relay service.
  • connection module 1100 is further configured to establish a first connection with the first UE before establishing the connection.
  • the method further includes: after establishing the first connection, determining the connection management state of the second UE; when the second UE is in the connection management-idle CM-IDLE state, switching to Connection Management-Connected CM-CONNECTED status.
  • the second UE can assist the first UE in performing the relay UE discovery process by sending a broadcast, and establish a PC5 connection with the first UE, thereby establishing a connection with the first UE and for the second UE.
  • This solution changes the execution sequence of establishing a PC5 connection and/or AS connection and obtaining target base station-related data in related technologies. , which avoids the problem of low handover success rate caused by obtaining the measurement values of the target base station through broadcasting and then establishing the relevant connection. Instead, it first establishes the PC5 connection and/or the AS connection and then transmits the relevant data of the target base station, thereby ensuring session continuity. Improve the success rate of network switching.
  • FIG 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device 1300 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the switching device 1300 can be used in the first base station.
  • the device 1300 may include: a receiving module 1310, configured to receive second information sent by the first UE, where the second information includes first information, and the first information is used to assist in providing services for the first UE.
  • the first base station switches to a second base station that provides services for the second UE; the switching module 1320 is configured to switch the first base station to the second base station according to the second information.
  • the first base station that provides services for the first UE can receive the second information sent by the first UE, and perform handover of the first base station to the second base station based on the second information.
  • the first information includes at least one of an identity of the second base station, a measurement value of the second base station, and an identity of the second UE.
  • the second information further includes a switching instruction.
  • switching the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station includes: based on the switching instruction, switching the first base station to The second base station, the handover instruction is generated by the first UE based on the first information.
  • the second information further includes a handover request.
  • switching the first base station that provides services for the first UE to the second base station includes: based on the handover request, according to the first information , decided to switch to the second base station.
  • the switching module 1320 is specifically configured to: based on the existence of an Xn connection between the first base station and the second base station, perform an Xn-based switching process to complete switching the first base station to the second base station; or Based on the fact that there is no Xn connection between the first base station and the second base station or the Xn-based handover process fails, an N2-based handover process is performed to complete handover with the first base station to the second base station.
  • the first base station receives the information sent by the first UE and decides whether to switch network services for the first UE based on the information, thus avoiding the need for the source base station to designate the relay UE in related technologies.
  • the disclosed solution can improve the network handover success rate while ensuring session continuity, and at the same time eliminates the need for remote UEs to signal at the target base station.
  • the restriction that switching can only be completed within the coverage area expands the applicable scope of network switching.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a handover system, which includes the first UE in the embodiment of Figures 9-10, the second UE in the embodiment of Figures 11-12, and the first base station in the embodiment of Figure 13.
  • the handover system also includes a second base station (not shown) that provides services for the second UE and is used to perform the handover method as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 8 .
  • FIG 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1400 may be a network device, a user equipment, a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports network equipment to implement the above method, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports user equipment to implement the above method. Processor etc.
  • the device can be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiment. For details, please refer to the description in the above method embodiment.
  • Communication device 1400 may include one or more processors 1401.
  • the processor 1401 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, or the like.
  • it can be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data.
  • the central processor can be used to control communication devices (such as base stations, baseband chips, terminal equipment, terminal equipment chips, DU or CU, etc.) and execute computer programs. , processing data for computer programs.
  • the communication device 1400 may also include one or more memories 1402, on which a computer program 1404 may be stored.
  • the processor 1401 executes the computer program 1404, so that the communication device 1400 executes the method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the memory 1402 may also store data.
  • the communication device 1400 and the memory 1402 can be provided separately or integrated together.
  • the communication device 1400 may also include a transceiver 1405 and an antenna 1406.
  • the transceiver 1405 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, etc., and is used to implement transceiver functions.
  • the transceiver 1405 may include a receiver and a transmitter.
  • the receiver may be called a receiver or a receiving circuit, etc., used to implement the receiving function;
  • the transmitter may be called a transmitter, a transmitting circuit, etc., used to implement the transmitting function.
  • the communication device 1400 may also include one or more interface circuits 1407.
  • the interface circuit 1407 is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the processor 1401 .
  • the processor 1401 executes code instructions to cause the communication device 1400 to perform the method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the processor 1401 may include a transceiver for implementing receiving and transmitting functions.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, an interface, or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver circuits, interfaces or interface circuits used to implement the receiving and transmitting functions can be separate or integrated together.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit can be used for reading and writing codes/data, or the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit can be used for signal transmission or transfer.
  • the processor 1401 may store a computer program 1403, and the computer program 1403 runs on the processor 1401, causing the communication device 1400 to perform the method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the computer program 1403 may be solidified in the processor 1401, in which case the processor 1401 may be implemented by hardware.
  • the communication device 1400 may include a circuit, which may implement the functions of sending or receiving or communicating in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processor and transceiver described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits RFICs, mixed signal ICs, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards ( printed circuit board (PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • the processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), n-type metal oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • NMOS n-type metal oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS P-type Metal oxide semiconductor
  • BJT bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • SiGe silicon germanium
  • GaAs gallium arsenide
  • the communication device described in the above embodiments may be network equipment or user equipment, but the scope of the communication device described in this application is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device may not be limited by FIG. 14 .
  • the communication device may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the communication device can be:
  • the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and computer programs;
  • the communication device may be a chip or a chip system
  • the schematic structural diagram of the chip shown in FIG. 15 refer to the schematic structural diagram of the chip shown in FIG. 15 .
  • the chip shown in Figure 15 includes a processor 1501 and an interface 1502.
  • the number of processors 1501 may be one or more, and the number of interfaces 1502 may be multiple.
  • the chip also includes a memory 1503, which is used to store necessary computer programs and data.
  • This application also provides a readable storage medium on which instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed by a computer, the functions of any of the above method embodiments are implemented.
  • This application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed by a computer, implements the functions of any of the above method embodiments.
  • a computer program product includes one or more computer programs.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer program may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer program may be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center via a wireline (e.g.
  • Coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless means to transmit to another website, computer, server or data center.
  • Computer-readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or other integrated media that contains one or more available media. Available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, tapes), optical media (e.g., high-density digital video discs (DVD)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid state disks (SSD) )wait.
  • magnetic media e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, tapes
  • optical media e.g., high-density digital video discs (DVD)
  • semiconductor media e.g., solid state disks (SSD)
  • At least one in this application can also be described as one or more, and the plurality can be two, three, four or more, which is not limited by this application.
  • the technical feature is distinguished by “first”, “second”, “third”, “A”, “B”, “C” and “D”, etc.
  • the technical features described in “first”, “second”, “third”, “A”, “B”, “C” and “D” are in no particular order or order.
  • machine-readable medium and “computer-readable medium” refer to any computer program product, apparatus, and/or means for providing machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor (for example, magnetic disks, optical disks, memories, programmable logic devices (PLD)), including machine-readable media that receive machine instructions as machine-readable signals.
  • machine-readable signal refers to any signal used to provide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor.
  • the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., A user's computer having a graphical user interface or web browser through which the user can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or including such backend components, middleware components, or any combination of front-end components in a computing system.
  • the components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (eg, a communications network). Examples of communication networks include: local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.
  • Computer systems may include clients and servers.
  • Clients and servers are generally remote from each other and typically interact over a communications network.
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Abstract

本公开提出了一种切换方法及装置，涉及通信领域。根据本公开实施例提供了的切换方法，第一用户设备UE建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，接收第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至为第二UE服务的第二基站，并将第二信息发送至第一基站，第二信息包括第一信息。本公开的方案能够提高网络切换成功率，保障会话连续性，并且扩大了网络切换的适用范围。

Description

切换方法及装置 技术领域
本公开涉及移动通信技术领域，特别涉及一种切换方法及装置。
背景技术
在移动网络通信系统中，用户设备(User Equipment，UE)需要根据基站性能进行网络切换，诸如在直接网络通信路径和间接网络通信路径之间进行切换。然而，在当前移动网络通信系统中，当远端UE需要从直接网络连接切换至通过中继UE的间接网络连接时，通常受限于中继UE和远端UE需要处于同一基站的网络覆盖范围下，并且由于远端UE只能通过基站的广播信号获取测量值，其切换成功率较低。
发明内容
本公开提出了一种切换方法及装置，提供了一种由UE侧触发的直接网络连接到间接网络连接的切换机制，从而能够提高切换成功率，并且保障会话连续性。
本公开的第一方面实施例提供了一种切换方法，方法应用于第一用户设备UE，方法包括：建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，第二基站为第二UE提供服务；接收第一信息，第一信息用于协助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站；以及将第二信息发送至第一基站，所述第二信息包括所述第一信息。
在本公开的一些实施例中，方法还包括：执行中继UE发现过程，以确定第二UE。
在本公开的一些实施例中，执行中继UE发现过程，以确定第二UE包括：接收至少一个中继UE的广播，广播中携带支持中继业务的信息；以及从至少一个中继UE中选择第二UE。
在本公开的一些实施例中，方法还包括：在建立经由第二UE与第二基站的连接之前，建立与第二UE的第一连接。
在本公开的一些实施例中，经由第二UE与第二基站的连接为接入AS连接，接收第一信息包括：通过AS连接从第二UE接收信息，第一信息包括第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识中的至少一项。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二UE为中继UE，中继UE包括层2 UE至网络中继UE Layer 2UE-to-Network Relay UE。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该方法还包括：根据第一信息，决定从第一基站切换至第二基站，并生成切换指令；其中，第二消息还包括所述切换指令，切换指令用于指示第一基站执行切换。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二信息还包括切换请求，切换请求用于指示第一基站根据第一信息决定切换至第二基站。
本公开的第二方面实施例提供了一种切换方法，该方法应用于第二用户设备UE，该方法包括：建立与第一UE和第二基站的连接，第二基站为第二UE提供服务；确定第一信息，第一信息用于协助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站；以及将第一信息发送至第一UE。
在本公开的一些实施例中，方法还包括：向第一UE发送广播，广播中携带支持中继业务的信息。
在本公开的一些实施例中，方法还包括：在建立与第一UE和第二基站的连接之前，建立与第一UE的第一连接。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该方法还包括：建立所述第一连接之后，确定所述第二UE的连接管理状态；当第二UE为连接管理-空闲CM-IDLE状态时，切换为连接管理-已连接CM-CONNECTED状态。
在本公开的一些实施例中，与第一UE和第二基站的连接为接入AS连接，将第一信息发送至第一UE包括：通过AS连接将第一信息发送至第一UE，第一信息包括第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识中的至少一项。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二UE为中继UE，中继UE包括层2 UE至网络中继UE Layer 2UE-to-Network Relay UE。
本公开的第三方面实施例提供了一种切换方法，该方法应用于第一基站，该方法包括：接收第一UE发送的第二信息，第二信息包括第一信息，第一信息用于协助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至为第二UE提供服务的第二基站；根据第二信息，将第一基站切换至第二基站。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第一信息包括第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识中的至少一项。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二信息还包括切换指令，根据第二信息，将第一基站切换至第二基站包括：基于切换指令，将第一基站切换至第二基站，切换指令为第一UE根据第一信息而生成的。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二信息还包括切换请求，根据所述第二信息，将第一基站切换至第二基站包括：基于切换请求，根据第一信息，决定切换至第二基站。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该方法还包括：基于第一基站和第二基站之间存在Xn连接，执行基于Xn的切换流程，以完成将第一基站切换至第二基站；或基于第一基站和第二基站之间不存在Xn连接或者基于Xn的切换流程失败，执行基于N2的切换流程，以完成将与第一基站切换至第二基站。
本公开的第四方面提供了一种切换装置，该切换装置应用于第一用户设备UE，该切换装置包括：连接模块，用于建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，第二基站为第二UE提供服务；接收模块，用于接收第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站；以及发送模块，用于将第二信息发送至第一基站，第二信息包括第一信息。
本公开的第五方面实施例提供了一种切换装置，该切换装置应用于第二用户设备UE，该切换装置包括：连接模块，用于建立与第一UE和第二基站的连接，第二基站为第二UE提供服务；确定模块，用于确定第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站；以及发送模块，用于将第一信息发送至第一UE。
本公开的第六方面实施例提供了一种切换装置，该切换装置应用于第一基站，该切换装置包括：接收模块，用于接收第一UE发送的第二信息，第二信息包括第一信息，第一信息用于协助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至为第二UE提供服务的第二基站；切换模块，用于根据第二信息，将第一基站切换至第二基站。
本公开的第七方面实施例提供了一种切换系统，切换系统包括第一用户设备UE、第二UE、第一基站以及第二基站，其中，第一UE建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，第二基站为第二UE提供服务；第一UE接收第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站； 第一UE将第二信息发送至第一基站，第二信息包括第一信息；第一基站根据第二信息，将第一基站切换至第二基站。
本公开的第八方面实施例提供了一种通信设备，该通信设备包括：收发器；存储器；处理器，分别与收发器及存储器连接，配置为通过执行存储器上的计算机可执行指令，控制收发器的无线信号收发，并能够实现如本公开第一方面实施例或第二方面实施例或第三方面实施例的方法。
本公开的第九方面实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，其中，计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令；计算机可执行指令被处理器执行后，能够实现如本公开第一方面实施例或第二方面实施例或第三方面实施例的方法。
本公开实施例提供了一种切换方法及装置，其中第一用户设备UE建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，通过连接接收信息，信息用于指示第一UE期望从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至为第二UE服务的第二基站，并将信息发送至第一基站，能够提高网络切换成功率，并且保障会话连续性。
本公开附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本公开的实践了解到。
附图说明
本公开上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图；
图2为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图；
图3为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图；
图4为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图；
图5为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图；
图6为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图；
图7为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图；
图8为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的时序图；
图9为根据本公开实施例的一种切换装置的框图；
图10为根据本公开实施例的一种切换装置的框图；
图11为根据本公开实施例的一种切换装置的框图；
图12为根据本公开实施例的一种切换装置的框图；
图13为根据本公开实施例的一种切换装置的框图；
图14为根据本公开实施例的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图15为本公开实施例提供的一种芯片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
基于蜂窝网络的D2D通信，或称为邻近服务(Proximity Service，ProSe)，是指用户数据可不经网络中转而直接在终端之间传输。根据TS 22.278、TS 22.261和TS 22.115协议中定义的服务要求，5G(5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology)系统已得到增强，以支持TS 23.304[17]中的ProSe，然而，其中并未定义用户设备间(UE-to-UE)的中继。但随着5G技术的不断发展，在考虑会话连续性的情况下，支持第2层UE到网络中继的直接网络通信路径和间接网络通信路径之间的路径切换或基站切换是非常必要的。
基于蜂窝网络的车用无线通信技术(Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything，C-V2X)中，PC5接口是使用V2X业务UE之间用户面进行设备到设备(Device to Device，D2D)直接通信的接口，不需要通过基站；Uu接口是是车模组和基站的空口。当UE通过中继UE(RelayUE)与基站进行通信，该UE为远端UE(RemoteUE)，其与中继UE之间通过PC5接口进行通信，中继UE与基站之间通过Uu接口进行通信，其中，中继UE与基站之间为直接网络连接，远端UE与基站之间的连接为间接网络连接。
当为UE服务的基站的通信能力或信号强度不能满足通信需求时，UE可以对基站进行切换，例如，可以从与源基站的直接连接切换为与目标基站的间接连接。相关技术中，远端UE执行测量和报告过程，通过Uu接口接收目标基站的广播，获取目标基站的测量值。此过程可参见TS 38.300[15]中第16.x.6.2条中的步骤1。之后，基站决定将用户设备到网络(UEtoNetwork，U2N)远端UE切换到目标U2N中继UE，基站选择一个目标U2N中继UE，该目标U2N中继UE被纳入从接入和移动性管理功能(Access and Mobility Mangement Function，AMF)网元检索的授权公共陆地移动网络(Public Land Mobile Network，PLMN)列表中，以选择目标U2N中继UE。源基站发送TS 38.423[18]协议中定义的切换请求以及至少U2N中继UE的标识、U2N中继UE的服务小区标识，目标基站响应TS 38.413[19]中定义的切换请求确认，之后，根据TS 38.300[15]中第16.x.6.2条以及TS 23.502[8]中第4.9.1.2.2条中的相关步骤执行切换。然而，该方案是通过源基站制定中继UE，并且该方案下UE只能通过基站的广播信号直接获取测量值，并不能支持远端UE通过中继UE获取目标基站的测量值，因此，这种切换方案受限于远端UE和中继UE必须处于目标基站的小区范围内，其切换成功率和会话连续性均受到一定限制。
为此，本公开提出了一种切换方法及装置，提供了一种由UE侧触发的直接网络连接到间接网络连接的切换机制，从而能够提高切换成功率，并且保障会话连续性。
下面结合附图对本申请所提供的切换方法及装置进行详细地介绍。
图1示出了根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图。如图1所示，该方法应用于第一用户设备UE，且可以包括以下步骤。
S101，建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接。
在本公开的实施例中，第一UE可以理解为远端UE，为第一UE提供服务的第一基站可以理解为源基站，第二UE可以理解为中继UE，第二基站为第二UE提供服务，为第二UE提供服务的第二基站可以理解为目标基站。
可以理解的是，中继UE包括层2 UE至网络中继UE(Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE)。
当第一UE决定将直接网络连接切换为间接网络连接时，第一UE通过合适的层2 UE至网络中继UE(L2 U2N(UE-to-Network)RelayUE)，在第一UE和第二基站之间建立连接。
在一种可选实施例中，该连接为接入(Access，AS)连接，该AS连接可以包括第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)接入和/或非3GPP接入。
S102，接收第一信息。
其中，该第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站。可以理解的是，该第一信息可以辅助第一UE决定从第一基站切换至第二基站，也可以辅助第一基站决定切换至第二基站。
在本公开的实施例中，第一UE可以通过建立的连接，从第二UE接收上述第一信息，也可以通过其他方式接收上述第一信息。在一种可选的实施方式中，第一UE可以通过上述建立的AS连接从第二UE接收上述第一信息，该第一信息包括第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识中的至少一项。其中，第二基站的测量值可以是第二基站的信号强度等表征第二基站通信能力等数据，第二基站的标识也可以是第二基站对应小区的标识，本公开中不予限制。
在本公开的实施例中，第一信息可以是通过一条消息获取，也可以是通过多条消息获取，当通过多条消息获取时，多条消息可以同时或分别按一定次序接收。举例而言，上述第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识可以是通过同一条消息获取，也可以是通过多条消息同时获取，也可以是通过多条消息分别获取，例如在连接建立前获取第二UE的标识，在连接建立后获取第二基站的标识或第二基站的测量值，对此本公开中不予限制。
其中，UE的标识可以为通用公共用户标识(Generic Public Subscription Identifier，GPSI)或用户永久标识(Subscription Permanent Identifier，SUPI)，本公开中不予限制。
S103，将第二信息发送至第一基站，第二信息包括第一信息。
在本公开的实施例中，第一UE可以通过与第一基站的原有连接将第二信息发送至第一基站。在本公开中，根据UE本地配置或策略，可以由第一UE决定是否将第一基站切换至第二基站，也可以由第一基站决定是否切换至第二基站，在不同的方案下，第二信息还包括切换指令或切换请求，第一基站响应于第二信息完成切换，换言之，第一UE从由源基站提供服务切换为由目标基站提供服务。
在本公开的一些可选实施例中，当根据UE本地策略配置由第一UE决定是否将第一基站切换至第二基站时，第一UE可以根据接收到的第一信息，决定从第一基站切换至第二基站，并生成切换指令，该切换指令包含在第二信息中，第一UE将切换指令连同第一信息一起发送至第一基站，从而使得第一基站响应于该切换指令，根据第一信息中包括的第二基站ID等数据，直接执行切换。
在本公开的一些可选实施例中，当根据UE本地策略配置由第一基站决定是否切换至第二基站时，第二信息还包括切换请求，第一UE可以将从第二UE接收到的第一信息，连同切换请求一起发送至第一基站，以使得第一基站响应于该切换请求，根据第一信息中的数据，决定切换至第二基站，并执行切换流程。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供了的切换方法，第一用户设备UE建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，接收第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至为第二UE服务的第二基站，并将第二信息发送至第一基站，第二信息包括第一信息从而提高网络切换成功率，保障会话连续性，并且扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
图2示出了根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图。该方法应用于第一用户设备UE，基于图1所示实施例，如图2所示，且该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S201，执行中继UE发现过程，以确定第二UE。
其中，第一UE尝试执行L2 U2NRelayUE发现过程，以选择合适的L2 U2NRelayUE。该过程可以参见TS 23.304中第6.3.2.3条所规定的内容，在此不再赘述。可以理解的是，当一个UE触发执行L2U2N Relay发现过程时，该UE成为Remote UE。
在本公开的实施例中，第一UE执行中继UE发现过程，以确定第二UE具体可以包括：接收至少一个中继UE的广播，广播中携带支持中继业务的信息；从至少一个中继UE中选择第二UE。
可选地，在本公开中，执行步骤S201之前，假设第一UE具有通过直接网络连接传输的上传(UpLoad)数据或下载(DownLoad)数据，第一UE可以基于本地配置或策略，决定尝试从直接网络连接切换到间接网络连接，例如，当直接网络连接可能无法满足UL/DL数据传输的服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)时，可以触发第一UE决定尝试切换。
S202，建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接。
其中，第二基站为第二UE提供服务。
S203，接收第一信息。
其中，该第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站。
S204，将第二信息发送至第一基站，第二信息包括第一信息。
关于上述步骤S202-S204的描述和具体细节，可以参考上述步骤S101-S103的相关描述与细节，在此不再赘述。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供了的切换方法，第一用户设备UE执行中继UE发现过程，以确定第二UE，从而建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，接收第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至为第二UE服务的第二基站，并将第二信息发送至第一基站。该方案改变了相关技术中由源基站指定特定的中继UE进行网络切换的触发条件和触发主体，降低了网络切换的复杂性，同时提高网络切换成功率，保障会话连续性，并且扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
图3为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图。该方法应用于第一用户设备UE，基于图1所示实施例，如图3所示，且该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S301，建立与第二UE的第一连接。
其中，在建立第一UE经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接之前，第一UE建立与第二UE的第一连接。第一连接可以是PC5连接，其建立在远程UE和L2 U2N中继UE之间，该过程可以参见TS23.304中第6.4.3条中所规定的内容，在此不再赘述。
在本公开的实施例中，在建立上述PC5连接之后，第二UE的连接管理-空闲(CM-IDLE)状态切换为连接管理-已连接(CM-CONNECTED)状态。换言之，当L2 U2N Relay UE处于CM-IDLE状态时，PC5连接的建立过程会触发服务请求(Service Request)变为CM-CONNECTED状态。
所建立的PC5连接可以助于Remote UE(即，第一UE)和目标gNB(即，第二基站)之间通过L2 U2N Relay UE(即，第二UE)建立下述步骤S302中的连接(即，上述第一UE经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接)。
S302，建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接。
其中，第二基站为第二UE提供服务。
在本公开的实施例中，经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接可以是接入(Access，AS)连接。可以理解的是，在建立第一UE和第二UE之间的PC5连接之后，第二UE的连接管理状态切换为CM-CONNECTED状态，这表明第二UE与第二基站之间处于已连接状态。此时，第一UE可以与第二基站之间建立经由第二UE的AS连接。该AS连接用于在第一UE、第二UE、第二基站之间传输数据和/或信令。
S303，接收第一信息。
其中，该第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站。
S304，将第二信息发送至第一基站，第二信息包括第一信息。
关于上述步骤S302-S304的描述和具体细节，可以参考图1所示实施例中的步骤S101-S103或图2所示实施例中的步骤S202-S204的相关描述与细节，在此不再赘述。
应当注意的是，虽然图3所示实施例是在图1所示实施例的基础上进行描述，类似地，该图3所示实施例也可基于图2所示实施例，在此不再进行赘述。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供了的切换方法，第一用户设备UE可以建立与第二UE的PC5连接，从而建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，接收第一信息，并将包括第一信息的第二信息发送至第一基站。该方案改变了相关技术中建立PC5连接和/或AS连接与获取目标基站相关数据的执行顺序，避免了通过广播获取目标基站测量值再建立相关连接导致的切换成功率低的问题，而是先建立PC5连接和/或AS连接再传输目标基站的相关数据，从而在保障会话连续性的前提下提高网络切换成功率。
图4为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图。如图1所示，该方法应用于第二用户设备UE，且可以包括以下步骤。
S401，建立与第一UE和第二基站的连接。
在本公开的实施例中，第二UE为第一UE通过执行中继UE发现过程所选择的合适的层2UE至网络中继UE(L2 U2N(UE-to-Network)RelayUE)，该过程可以参见TS 23.304中第6.3.2.3条所规定的内容，在此不再赘述。
其中，第一UE可以理解为远端UE，为第一UE提供服务的第一基站可以理解为源基站，第二UE可以理解为中继UE，第二基站为第二UE提供服务，为第二UE提供服务的第二基站可以理解为目标基站。
在本公开的实施例中，中继UE包括层2 UE至网络中继UE(Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE)。
可以理解的是，第二UE可以建立与第一UE和第二基站的连接。换言之，该连接经由第二UE连接第一UE和第二基站。
在一种可选实施例中，该连接为接入AS连接，该AS连接可以包括第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)接入和/或非3GPP接入。
S402，确定第一信息。
可以理解的是，第二UE可以执行第一信息确认步骤，该第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站。
在本公开的实施例中，该信息包括第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识中的至少一项。
其中，第二UE可以通过与第二基站的原网络连接进行测量和报告过程，通过接收来自第二基站的测量报告，确定第二基站的测量值，并确定第二基站的标识以及第二UE自身的标识。第二基站的测量值可以是第二基站的信号强度等表征第二基站通信能力等数据，本公开中不予限制。
S403，将第一信息发送至第一UE。
在本公开的实施例中，第二UE可以通过建立的AS连接，将第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识等信息发送至第一UE。
可以理解的是，第一信息也可以是第一UE通过其他方式获取。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供了的切换方法，第二UE建立与第一UE和为第二UE提供服务的第二基站的连接，并确定第一信息，以及将第一信息发送至第一UE，本方案的架构能够有效提高网络切换成功率，保障会话连续性，并且扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
图5示出了根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图。该方法应用于第二用户设备UE，基于图4所示实施例，如图5所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S501，向第一UE发送广播，广播中携带支持中继业务的信息。
在本公开的实施例中，当UE是支持中继业务的UE时，其可以作为中继UE，并发出携带有自身支持中继业务的信息的广播，第一UE在尝试执行中继UE发现过程时，可以接收至少一个中继UE的广播，从而从至少一个中继UE中选择第二UE作为合适的L2 U2NRelayUE。该过程可以参见TS 23.304中第6.3.2.3条所规定的内容，在此不再赘述。
S502，建立与第一UE的第一连接。
其中，在建立第一UE经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接之前，第二UE可以与第一UE建立第一连接。该第一连接可以是PC5连接，其建立在远程UE(即，第一UE)和L2 U2N中继UE(即，第二UE)之间，该过程可以参见TS 23.304中第6.4.3条中所规定的，在此不再赘述。
在本公开的实施例中，在建立PC5连接之后，第二UE可以确定连接管理状态，当第二UE为连接管理-空闲(CM-IDLE)状态时，切换为连接管理-已连接(CM-CONNECTED)状态。换言之，当L2 U2N Relay UE处于CM-IDLE状态时，PC5连接的建立过程会触发服务请求(Service Request)变为CM-CONNECTED状态。
所建立的PC5连接可以助于Remote UE(即，第一UE)和目标gNB(即，第二基站)之间通过L2 U2N Relay UE(即，第二UE)建立下述步骤S503中的连接。
S503，建立与第一UE和第二基站的连接。
在本公开的实施例中，经由第二UE与第二基站的连接可以是接入(Access，AS)连接。可以理解的是，在建立第一UE和第二UE之间的PC5连接之后，第二UE的连接管理状态切换为CM-CONNECTED状态，这表明第二UE与第二基站之间处于已连接状态。此时，第一UE可以与第二基站之间建立经由第二UE的AS连接，该AS连接用于在第一UE、第二UE、第二基站之间传输数据和/或信令。
S504，确定第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站。
S505，将第一信息发送至第一UE。
关于上述步骤S503-S505的描述和具体细节，可以参考图4所示实施例中的步骤S401-S403的相关描述与细节，在此不再赘述。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供了的切换方法，第二UE可以通过发送广播辅助第一UE执行中继UE发现过程，并通过与第一UE建立PC5连接，从而建立与第一UE和为第二UE提供服务的第二基站的连接，确定第一信息，以及将第一信息发送至第一UE，该方案改变了相关技术中建立PC5连接和/或AS连接与获取目标基站相关数据的执行顺序，避免了通过广播获取目标基站测量值再建立相关连接导致的切换成功率低的问题，而是先建立PC5连接和/或AS连接再传输目标基站的相关数据，从而在保障会话连续性的前提下提高网络切换成功率。
图6示出了根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图。如图6所示，该方法应用于第一基站，且可以包括以下步骤。
S601，接收第一UE发送的第二信息。
其中，上述第二信息包括第一信息，第一信息是第一UE通过经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接获取的，并且用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站，第二基站为第二UE提供服务。
在本公开的实施例中，第一UE可以理解为远端UE，为第一UE提供服务的第一基站可以理解为源基站，第二UE可以理解为中继UE，为第二UE提供服务的第二基站可以理解为目标基站。
可以理解的是，中继UE包括层2 UE至网络中继UE(Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE)。
当第一UE决定将直接网络连接切换为间接网络连接时，第一UE可以通过合适的层2UE至网络中继UE(L2 U2N(UE-to-Network)RelayUE)，在第一UE和第二基站之间建立连接。
在本公开的实施例中，第一UE可以通过建立的连接，从第二UE接收上述第一信息，其中，该连接为接入AS连接，该AS连接可以包括第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)接入和/或非3GPP接入。
在一种可选的实施方式中，第一UE可以通过上述建立的AS连接从第二UE接收上述第一信息，第一UE也可以通过其他方式获取上述第一信息。该第一信息包括第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识中的至少一项。其中，第二基站的测量值可以是第二基站的信号强度等表征第二基站通信能力等数据，本公开中不予限制。
在本公开的实施例中，第一基站可以基于与第一UE的原有连接接收上述第二信息。
S602，基于第二信息，将为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站。
在本公开的实施例中，根据UE本地配置或策略，可以由第一UE决定是否将第一基站切换至第二基站，也可以由第一基站决定是否切换至第二基站，从而使得第一基站可以根据接收到的信息决定是否/如何将数据流量从直接网络连接切换到间接网络连接。在不同的方案下，第二信息还包括切换指令或切换请求，第一基站基于第二信息完成切换，换言之，第一UE从由源基站提供服务切换为由目标基站提供服务。
在本公开的一些可选实施例中，当根据UE本地策略配置由第一UE决定是否将第一基站切换至第二基站时，第一UE可以根据接收到的第一信息，决定从第一基站切换至第二基站，并生成切换指令，该切换指令包含在第二信息中，第一UE将切换指令连同第一信息一起发送至第一基站。第一基站响应于接收到的切换指令，根据第一信息中包括的第二基站ID等数据，直接执行切换。
在本公开的一些可选实施例中，当根据UE本地策略配置由第一基站决定是否切换至第二基站时，第二信息还包括切换请求，第一UE可以将从第二UE接收到的第一信息，连同切换请求一起发送至第一基站。第一基站响应于该切换请求，根据第一信息中的数据，决定切换至第二基站，并执行切换流程。
在本公开的实施例中，当第一信息符合预设条件时，第一基站可以决定切换至第二基站。
例如，当接收到的第二基站的测量值满足UL/DL数据传输的服务质量QoS时，根据第二基站的标识和第二UE的标识，将第一UE与第一基站的网络连接切换至第一UE与第二基站的网络连接，换言之，将第一基站为第一UE提供服务切换为第二基站为第一UE提供服务。
本公开中，第一基站根据接收到的信息决定是否切换的具体实施方式可以参见相关技术中的切换条件，在此不予限制。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供了的切换方法，为第一UE提供服务的第一基站能够接收第一UE发送的第二信息，并基于该第二信息，决定是否将为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站，其中，第二信息包括第一信息，第一信息是第一UE通过经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接获取，第二基站为第二UE提供服务。该方案提高了网络切换成功率，保障会话连续性，避免了相关技术中对切换环境的限制，扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
图7示出了根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的流程示意图。该方法应用于第一基站，基于图6所示实施例，如图6所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤。
S701，接收第一UE发送的第二信息。
S702，根据第二信息，将为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站。
关于上述步骤S701-S702的描述和具体细节，可以参考图7所示实施例中的步骤S601-602的相关描述与细节，在此不再赘述。
S703，基于第一基站和第二基站之间存在Xn连接，执行基于Xn的切换流程，以完成将第一基站切换至第二基站；或基于第一基站和第二基站之间不存在Xn连接或者基于Xn的切换流程失败，执行基于N2的切换流程，以完成将第一基站切换至第二基站。
在本公开的实施例中，第一基站根据步骤701中收到的信息，执行将远端UE的数据从源基站(第一基站)切换到目标基站(第二基站)的切换流程，其中，当源基站和目标基站之间存在Xn连接时，第一基站可以执行基于Xn的切换(Handover，HO)流程，从而完成将第一基站切换至第二基站的步骤。该过程可以参见TS 23.502中的第4.9.1.2.2条所规定的内容，在此不再赘述。
可选地，当源基站和目标基站之间不存在Xn连接，或者当基于Xn的切换流程失败，第一基站可以执行基于N2的HO流程，从而将第一基站切换至第二基站。该过程可以参见TS 23.502中的第4.9.1.3.2和4.9.1.3.3条所规定的内容，在此不再赘述。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供了的切换方法，第一基站通过接收第一UE发送的信息，其中该信息是第一基站通过经由第二UE的与第二基站(即目标基站)之间的间接网络连接接收到的，并基于该信息决定是否为第一UE切换网络服务，避免了相关技术中源基站指定中继UE，先进行基站间握手再建立数据传输连接而导致的切换成功率低的问题，本公开的方案能够在保障会话连续性的前提下提高网络切换成功率，同时排除了远端UE需要在目标基站的信号覆盖范围下才能完成切换的限制，扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
图8为根据本公开实施例的一种切换方法的时序图。该方法应用于一种切换系统，该系统包括第一用户设备UE、第二UE、第一基站以及第二基站。其中，第一UE可以理解为远端UE(RemoteUE)，为第一UE提供服务的第一基站可以理解为源基站(SourcegNB)，第二UE可以理解为中继UE(L2RelayUE)，为第二UE提供服务的第二基站可以理解为目标基站(TargetgNB)。该切换系统还涉及接入和移动性管理功能(Access and Mobility Mangement Function，AMF)网元、会话管理功能(Session Management function，SMF)网元、以及用户面功能(The User plane function，UPF)网元，其均为5G核心网网元，在此不予详述。
假设UE具有通过直接网络连接传输的UL/DL数据，参见图8，该方法包括如下步骤。
S801，基于本地策略或配置，UE决定尝试从直接网络连接切换到间接网络连接，例如，直接网络连接可能无法满足UL/DL数据传输的QoS。
S802，UE尝试执行L2 U2N Relay发现过程，以选择合适的L2 U2N Relay UE。
在本公开的实施例中，该过程可以参见TS 23.304中第6.3.2.3条规定的内容，在此不再赘述。可以理解的是，当UE触发执行L2 U2N Relay发现过程时，该UE成为Remote UE。
在本公开的实施例中，RemoteUE执行RelayUE发现过程，以确定合适的RelayUE是通过以下方式具体执行的：RemoteUE接收至少一个RelayUE的广播，该广播中携带支持中继业务的信息，RemoteUE从至少一个RelayUE中选择一个，作为合适的L2 U2N Relay UE。
可以理解的是，在本公开的实施例中，RelayUE包括层2 UE至网络中继UELayer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE。
S803，在RemoteUE和RelayUE之间建立PC5连接。
应当说明的是，该过程可以如TS 23.304中第6.4.3条中规定的内容进行，在此不再赘述。
在本公开的实施例中，当建立PC5连接后，RelayUE将检查自身是否与目标基站连接，当Relay UE为连接管理-空闲(CM-IDLE)状态时，切换为连接管理-已连接(CM-CONNECTED)状态。换言之，当L2 U2N Relay UE处于CM-IDLE状态时，PC5连接的建立过程会触发服务请求(Service Request)变为CM-CONNECTED状态。
S804，Remote UE和目标gNB之间通过L2 U2N Relay UE建立连接。
在一种可选实施例中，该连接为接入AS连接，该AS连接可以包括第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)接入和/或非3GPP接入。
在本公开的实施例中，Remote UE和目标gNB之间通过L2 U2N Relay UE建立的连接可以是接入(Access，AS)连接。可以理解的是，在建立Remote UE和RelayUE之间的PC5连接之后，RelayUE的连接管理状态切换为CM-CONNECTED状态，这表明RelayUE与目标gNB之间处于已连接状态。此时，RemoteUE可以与目标gNB之间建立经由RelayUE的AS连接。该AS连接用于在RemoteUE、RelayUE、目标gNB之间传输数据和/或信令。
S805，RemoteUE从RelayUE接收第一信息。
其中，该第一信息用于辅助从为RemoteUE提供服务的源基站切换至目标基站。
在本公开的实施例中，RemoteUE可以通过建立的AS连接，从RelayUE接收上述第一信息。在一种可选的实施方式中，该信息包括目标基站的标识、目标基站的测量值、RelayUE的标识中的至少一项， 即，目标gNB ID、目标gNBvalues、L2 U2N Relay UE ID等。其中，目标基站的测量值可以是目标基站的信号强度等表征目标基站通信能力等数据，目标基站的标识也可以是目标基站对应小区的标识(CellID)，本公开中不予限制。
S806，Remote UE向源gNB发送第二信息以决定切换到目标gNB。
在本公开的实施例中，远端UE可以通过与源基站的原有连接将第二信息发送至源基站，第二信息包括第一信息，第一信息可以辅助从源基站切换至目标基站，从而使得源基站可以根据接收到的第二信息决定是否/如何将数据流量从直接网络连接切换到间接网络连接，换言之，远端UE从由源基站提供服务切换为由目标基站提供服务。
S807，源gNB根据收到的第二信息，决定将远端UE的数据从源gNB切换到目标gNB。
在本公开的实施例中，根据UE本地配置或策略，可以由远端UE决定是否将源基站切换至目标基站，也可以由源基站决定是否切换至目标基站，从而使得源基站可以根据接收到的信息决定是否/如何将数据流量从直接网络连接切换到间接网络连接。在不同的方案下，第二信息还包括切换指令或切换请求，源基站基于第二信息完成切换，换言之，远端UE从由源基站提供服务切换为由目标基站提供服务。
在本公开的一些可选实施例中，当根据UE本地策略配置由第一UE决定是否将源基站切换至目标基站时，远端UE可以根据接收到的第一信息，决定从源基站切换至目标基站，并生成切换指令，该切换指令包含在第二信息中，远端UE将切换指令连同第一信息一起发送至源基站。源基站响应于接收到的切换指令，根据第一信息中包括的目标基站ID等数据，直接执行切换。
在本公开的一些可选实施例中，当根据UE本地策略配置由源基站决定是否切换至目标基站时，第二信息还包括切换请求，远端UE可以将从中继UE接收到的第一信息，连同切换请求一起发送至源基站。源基站响应于该切换请求，根据第一信息中的数据，决定切换至目标基站，并执行切换流程。
在本公开的实施例中，当第一信息符合预设条件时，源基站可以决定切换至目标基站。
例如，当接收到的目标基站的测量值满足UL/DL数据传输的服务质量QoS时，根据目标基站的标识和中继UE的标识，将远端UE与源基站的网络连接切换至远端UE与目标基站的网络连接，换言之，将源基站为远端UE提供服务切换为目标基站为远端UE提供服务。
本公开中，源基站根据接收到的信息决定是否切换的具体实施方式可以参见相关技术中的切换条件，在此不予限制。
S808，基于源基站和目标基站之间存在Xn连接，在源基站和目标基站之间执行基于Xn的切换流程，以完成将源基站切换至目标基站；或基于源基站和目标基站之间不存在Xn连接或者基于Xn的切换流程失败，在源基站和目标基站之间执行基于N2的切换流程，以完成将源基站切换至目标基站。
在本公开的实施例中，源基站根据上述步骤中收到的信息，决定将远端UE的数据从源基站切换到目标基站，其中，当源基站和目标基站之间存在Xn连接时，源基站可以执行基于Xn的切换(Handover，HO)流程，从而完成将源基站切换至目标基站的步骤。该过程可以参见TS 23.502中的第4.9.1.2.2条所规定的内容，在此不再赘述。
可选地，当源基站和目标基站之间不存在Xn连接，或者当基于Xn的切换流程失败，源基站可以执行基于N2的HO流程，从而将源基站切换至目标基站。该过程可以参见TS 23.502中的第4.9.1.3.2和4.9.1.3.3条所规定的内容，在此不再赘述。
综上，根据本公开实施例提供的切换方法，避免了相关技术中由源基站指定中继UE，先进行基站间握手再建立数据传输连接而导致的切换成功率低的问题，本公开的方案能够在保障会话连续性的前提下提高网络切换成功率，同时排除了远端UE需要在目标基站的信号覆盖范围下才能完成切换的限制，扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从网络设备、用户设备的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，网络设备和用户设备可以包括硬件结构、软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能可以以硬件结构、软件模块、或者硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行。
与上述几种实施例提供的切换方法相对应，本公开还提供一种切换装置，由于本公开实施例提供的切换装置与上述几种实施例提供的切换方法相对应，因此切换方法的实施方式也适用于本实施例提供的切换装置，在本实施例中不再详细描述。
图9为本公开实施例提供的一种切换装置900的结构示意图，该切换装置900可用于第一用户设备UE。
如图9所示，该装置900可以包括：连接模块910，用于建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，第二基站为第二UE提供服务；接收模块920，用于接收第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站；以及发送模块930，用于将第二信息发送至第一基站，第二信息包括第一信息。
根据本公开实施例提供了的切换装置，第一用户设备UE建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，接收第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至为第二UE服务的第二基站，并将包括第一信息的第二信息发送至第一基站，从而提高网络切换成功率，保障会话连续性，并且扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
在本公开的一些实施例中，连接为接入AS连接，连接模块920通过AS连接从第二UE接收第一信息，第一信息包括第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识中的至少一项。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二UE为中继UE，中继UE包括层2 UE至网络中继UE Layer 2UE-to-Network Relay UE。
在一些实施例中，如图10所示，装置900还包括确定模块940，用于执行中继UE发现过程，以确定第二UE。
在一些实施例中，确定模块940具体用于接收至少一个中继UE的广播，广播中携带支持中继业务的信息；以及从至少一个中继UE中选择第二UE。
在一些实施例中，连接模块920在建立上述AS连接之前，建立与第二UE的第一连接。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该方法还包括：根据第一信息，决定从第一基站切换至第二基站，并生成切换指令；其中，第二消息还包括所述切换指令，切换指令用于指示第一基站执行切换。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二信息还包括切换请求，切换请求用于指示第一基站根据第一信息决定切换至第二基站。根据本公开实施例提供了的切换装置，第一用户设备UE执行中继UE发现过程，以确定第二UE，第一用户设备UE可以建立与第二UE的PC5连接，从而建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，第一UE接收第一信息，并将包括第一信息的第二信息发送至第一基站。该方案改变了相 关技术中由源基站指定特定的中继UE进行网络切换的触发条件和触发主体，该方案改变了相关技术中建立PC5连接和/或AS连接与获取目标基站相关数据的执行顺序，避免了通过广播获取目标基站测量值再建立相关连接导致的切换成功率低的问题，而是先建立PC5连接和/或AS连接再传输目标基站的相关数据，从而在保障会话连续性的前提下提高网络切换成功率，并且扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
图11为本公开实施例提供的一种切换装置1100的结构示意图。该切换装置1100可用于第二用户设备UE。
如图11所示，该装置1100可以包括：连接模块1110，用于建立与第一UE和第二基站的连接，第二基站为第二UE提供服务；确定模块1120，用于确定第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站；以及发送模块1130，用于将第一信息发送至第一UE。
根据本公开实施例提供了的切换装置，第二UE建立与第一UE和为第二UE提供服务的第二基站的连接，并确定第一信息，以及将第一信息发送至第一UE，本方案的架构能够有效提高网络切换成功率，保障会话连续性，并且扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
在本公开的一些实施例中，连接为接入AS连接，发送模块1130具体用于通过AS连接将第一信息发送至第一UE，第一信息包括第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识中的至少一项。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二UE为中继UE，中继UE包括层2 UE至网络中继UELayer 2UE-to-Network Relay UE。
在本公开的一些实施例中，如图12所示，装置1100还包括广播模块1140，用于向第一UE发送广播，广播中携带支持中继业务的信息。
在本公开的一些实施例中，连接模块1100还用于，在建立连接之前，建立与第一UE的第一连接。
在本公开的一些实施例中，该方法还包括：建立所述第一连接之后，确定所述第二UE的连接管理状态；当第二UE为连接管理-空闲CM-IDLE状态时，切换为连接管理-已连接CM-CONNECTED状态。
根据本公开实施例提供了的切换装置，第二UE可以通过发送广播辅助第一UE执行中继UE发现过程，并通过与第一UE建立PC5连接，从而建立与第一UE和为第二UE提供服务的第二基站的连接，并确定第一信息，以及将第一信息发送至第一UE，该方案改变了相关技术中建立PC5连接和/或AS连接与获取目标基站相关数据的执行顺序，避免了通过广播获取目标基站测量值再建立相关连接导致的切换成功率低的问题，而是先建立PC5连接和/或AS连接再传输目标基站的相关数据，从而在保障会话连续性的前提下提高网络切换成功率。
图13为本公开实施例提供的一种切换装置1300的结构示意图。该切换装置1300可用于第一基站。
如图13所示，该装置1300可以包括：接收模块1310，用于接收第一UE发送的第二信息，第二信息包括第一信息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至为第二UE提供服务的第二基站；切换模块1320，用于根据第二信息，将第一基站切换至第二基站。
根据本公开实施例提供了的切换装置，为第一UE提供服务的第一基站能够接收第一UE发送的第二信息，并基于该第二信息，执行将第一基站切换至第二基站的切换流程，其中，第二信息包括第一信 息，第一信息用于辅助从为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站。该方案提高了网络切换成功率，保障会话连续性，避免了相关技术中对切换环境的限制，扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第一信息包括第二基站的标识、第二基站的测量值、以及第二UE的标识中的至少一项。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二信息还包括切换指令，根据第二信息，将为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站包括：基于切换指令，将第一基站切换至第二基站，切换指令为第一UE根据第一信息而生成的。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第二信息还包括切换请求，根据所述第二信息，将为第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至第二基站包括：基于切换请求，根据第一信息，决定切换至第二基站。
在本公开的一些实施例中，切换模块1320具体用于：基于第一基站和第二基站之间存在Xn连接，执行基于Xn的切换流程，以完成将第一基站切换至第二基站；或基于第一基站和第二基站之间不存在Xn连接或者基于Xn的切换流程失败，执行基于N2的切换流程，以完成将与第一基站切换至第二基站。
根据本公开实施例提供了的切换装置，第一基站通过接收第一UE发送的信息，并基于该信息决定是否为第一UE切换网络服务，避免了相关技术中源基站指定中继UE，先进行基站间握手再建立数据传输连接而导致的切换成功率低的问题，本公开的方案能够在保障会话连续性的前提下提高网络切换成功率，同时排除了远端UE需要在目标基站的信号覆盖范围下才能完成切换的限制，扩大了网络切换的适用范围。
本申请实施例还提供一种切换系统，该系统包括前述图9-10实施例的第一UE，图11-12实施例的第二UE，以及前述图13实施例的第一基站。该切换系统中还包括为第二UE提供服务的第二基站(未示出)，用于执行如图8实施例所示的切换方法。
请参见图14，图14是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置1400的结构示意图。通信装置1400可以是网络设备，也可以是用户设备，也可以是支持网络设备实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等，还可以是支持用户设备实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该装置可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，具体可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。
通信装置1400可以包括一个或多个处理器1401。处理器1401可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、基带芯片，终端设备、终端设备芯片，DU或CU等)进行控制，执行计算机程序，处理计算机程序的数据。
可选的，通信装置1400中还可以包括一个或多个存储器1402，其上可以存有计算机程序1404，处理器1401执行计算机程序1404，以使得通信装置1400执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，存储器1402中还可以存储有数据。通信装置1400和存储器1402可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
可选的，通信装置1400还可以包括收发器1405、天线1406。收发器1405可以称为收发单元、收发机、或收发电路等，用于实现收发功能。收发器1405可以包括接收器和发送器，接收器可以称为接收机或接收电路等，用于实现接收功能；发送器可以称为发送机或发送电路等，用于实现发送功能。
可选的，通信装置1400中还可以包括一个或多个接口电路1407。接口电路1407用于接收代码指令并传输至处理器1401。处理器1401运行代码指令以使通信装置1400执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。
在一种实现方式中，处理器1401中可以包括用于实现接收和发送功能的收发器。例如该收发器可以是收发电路，或者是接口，或者是接口电路。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、接口或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
在一种实现方式中，处理器1401可以存有计算机程序1403，计算机程序1403在处理器1401上运行，可使得通信装置1400执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。计算机程序1403可能固化在处理器1401中，该种情况下，处理器1401可能由硬件实现。
在一种实现方式中，通信装置1400可以包括电路，该电路可以实现前述方法实施例中发送或接收或者通信的功能。本申请中描述的处理器和收发器可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。该处理器和收发器也可以用各种IC工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor，CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide semiconductor，PMOS)、双极结型晶体管(bipolar junction transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
以上实施例描述中的通信装置可以是网络设备或者用户设备，但本申请中描述的通信装置的范围并不限于此，而且通信装置的结构可以不受图14的限制。通信装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如该通信装置可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据，计算机程序的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(Modem)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、终端设备、智能终端设备、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、网络设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
对于通信装置可以是芯片或芯片系统的情况，可参见图15所示的芯片的结构示意图。图15所示的芯片包括处理器1501和接口1502。其中，处理器1501的数量可以是一个或多个，接口1502的数量可以是多个。
可选的，芯片还包括存储器1503，存储器1503用于存储必要的计算机程序和数据。
本领域技术人员还可以了解到本申请实施例列出的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)可以通过电子硬件、电脑软件，或两者的结合进行实现。这样的功能是通过硬件还是软件 来实现取决于特定的应用和整个系统的设计要求。本领域技术人员可以对于每种特定的应用，可以使用各种方法实现所述的功能，但这种实现不应被理解为超出本申请实施例保护的范围。
本申请还提供一种可读存储介质，其上存储有指令，该指令被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。计算机程序可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，计算机程序可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：本申请中涉及的第一、第二等各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围，也表示先后顺序。
本申请中的至少一个还可以描述为一个或多个，多个可以是两个、三个、四个或者更多个，本申请不做限制。在本申请实施例中，对于一种技术特征，通过“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“A”、“B”、“C”和“D”等区分该种技术特征中的技术特征，该“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“A”、“B”、“C”和“D”描述的技术特征间无先后顺序或者大小顺序。
如本文使用的，术语“机器可读介质”和“计算机可读介质”指的是用于将机器指令和/或数据提供给可编程处理器的任何计算机程序产品、设备、和/或装置(例如，磁盘、光盘、存储器、可编程逻辑装置(PLD))，包括，接收作为机器可读信号的机器指令的机器可读介质。术语“机器可读信号”指的是用于将机器指令和/或数据提供给可编程处理器的任何信号。
可以将此处描述的系统和技术实施在包括后台部件的计算系统(例如，作为数据服务器)、或者包括中间件部件的计算系统(例如，应用服务器)、或者包括前端部件的计算系统(例如，具有图形用户界面或者网络浏览器的用户计算机，用户可以通过该图形用户界面或者该网络浏览器来与此处描述的系统和技术的实施方式交互)、或者包括这种后台部件、中间件部件、或者前端部件的任何组合的计算系统中。可以通过任何形式或者介质的数字数据通信(例如，通信网络)来将系统的部件相互连接。通信网络的示例包括：局域网(LAN)、广域网(WAN)和互联网。
计算机系统可以包括客户端和服务器。客户端和服务器一般远离彼此并且通常通过通信网络进行交互。通过在相应的计算机上运行并且彼此具有客户端-服务器关系的计算机程序来产生客户端和服务器的关系。
应该理解，可以使用上面所示的各种形式的流程，重新排序、增加或删除步骤。例如，本公开中记载的各步骤可以并行地执行也可以顺序地执行也可以不同的次序执行，只要能够实现本公开公开的技术方案所期望的结果，本文在此不进行限制。
此外，应该理解，本申请所述的各种实施例可以单独实施，也可以在方案允许的情况下与其他实施例组合实施。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于第一用户设备UE，所述方法包括：
    建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，所述第二基站为所述第二UE提供服务；
    接收第一信息，所述第一信息用于协助从为所述第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至所述第二基站；以及
    将第二信息发送至所述第一基站，所述第二信息包括所述第一信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    执行中继UE发现过程，以确定所述第二UE。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述执行所述中继UE发现过程，以确定所述第二UE包括：
    接收至少一个中继UE的广播，所述广播中携带支持中继业务的信息；
    从所述至少一个中继UE中选择所述第二UE。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在建立所述经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接之前，建立与所述第二UE的第一连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接为接入AS连接，所述接收所述第一信息包括：
    通过所述AS连接从所述第二UE接收所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述第二基站的标识、所述第二基站的测量值、以及所述第二UE的标识中的至少一项。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述第二UE为中继UE，所述中继UE包括层2 UE至网络中继UE Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第一信息，决定从所述第一基站切换至所述第二基站，并生成切换指令；
    其中，所述第二消息还包括所述切换指令，所述切换指令用于指示所述第一基站执行切换。
  8. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息还包括切换请求，所述切换请求用于指示所述第一基站根据所述第一信息决定切换至所述第二基站。
  9. 一种切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于第二用户设备UE，所述方法包括：
    建立与第一UE和第二基站的连接，所述第二基站为所述第二UE提供服务；
    确定第一信息，所述第一信息用于协助从为所述第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至所述第二基站；以及
    将所述第一信息发送至所述第一UE。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一UE发送广播，所述广播中携带支持中继业务的信息。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在建立所述与第一UE和第二基站的连接之前，建立与所述第一UE的第一连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    建立所述第一连接之后，确定所述第二UE的连接管理状态；
    当所述第二UE为连接管理-空闲CM-IDLE状态时，切换为连接管理-已连接CM-CONNECTED状态。
  13. 根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述与第一UE和第二基站的连接为接入AS连接，所述将所述第一信息发送至所述第一UE包括：
    通过所述AS连接将所述第一信息发送至所述第一UE，所述第一信息包括所述第二基站的标识、所述第二基站的测量值、以及所述第二UE的标识中的至少一项。
  14. 根据权利要求9至13中任一项所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述第二UE为中继UE，所述中继UE包括层2 UE至网络中继UE Layer 2 UE-to-Network Relay UE。
  15. 一种切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于第一基站，所述方法包括：
    接收第一UE发送的第二信息，所述第二信息包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于协助从为所述第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至为第二UE提供服务的第二基站；
    根据所述第二信息，将所述第一基站切换至所述第二基站。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括：
    所述第二基站的标识、所述第二基站的测量值、以及所述第二UE的标识中的至少一项。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息还包括切换指令，所述根据所述第二信息，将所述第一基站切换至所述第二基站包括：
    基于所述切换指令，将所述第一基站切换至所述第二基站，所述切换指令为所述第一UE根据所述第一信息而生成的。
  18. 根据权利要求15或16所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息还包括切换请求，所述根据所述第二信息，将所述第一基站切换至所述第二基站包括：
    基于所述切换请求，根据所述第一信息，决定切换至所述第二基站。
  19. 根据权利要求15至18中任一项所述的切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    基于所述第一基站和所述第二基站之间存在Xn连接，执行基于Xn的切换流程，以完成将所述第一基站切换至所述第二基站；或
    基于所述第一基站和所述第二基站之间不存在Xn连接或者基于Xn的切换流程失败，执行基于N2的切换流程，以完成将与所述第一基站切换至所述第二基站。
  20. 一种切换装置，其特征在于，应用于第一用户设备UE，包括：
    连接模块，用于建立经由第二UE的与第二基站的连接，所述第二基站为所述第二UE提供服务；
    接收模块，用于接收第一信息，所述第一信息用于协助从为所述第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至所述第二基站；以及
    发送模块，用于将第二信息发送至所述第一基站，所述第二信息包括所述第一信息。
  21. 一种切换装置，其特征在于，应用于第二用户设备UE，包括：
    连接模块，用于建立与第一UE和第二基站的连接，所述第二基站为所述第二UE提供服务；
    确定模块，用于确定第一信息，所述第一信息用于协助从为所述第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至所述第二基站；以及
    发送模块，用于将所述第一信息发送至所述第一UE。
  22. 一种切换装置，其特征在于，应用于第一基站，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收第一UE发送的第二信息，所述第二信息包括第一信息，所述第一信息用于协助从为所述第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至为第二UE提供服务的第二基站；
    切换模块，用于根据所述第二信息，将所述第一基站切换至所述第二基站。
  23. 一种切换系统，其特征在于，所述切换系统包括第一用户设备UE、第二UE、第一基站以及第二基站，其中，
    所述第一UE建立经由所述第二UE的与所述第二基站的连接，所述第二基站为所述第二UE提供服务；
    所述第一UE接收第一信息，所述第一信息用于协助从为所述第一UE提供服务的第一基站切换至所述第二基站；
    所述第一UE将第二信息发送至所述第一基站，所述第二信息包括所述第一信息；
    所述第一基站根据所述第二信息，将所述第一基站切换至所述第二基站。
  24. 一种通信设备，其中，包括：收发器；存储器；处理器，分别与所述收发器及所述存储器连接，配置为通过执行所述存储器上的计算机可执行指令，控制所述收发器的无线信号收发，并能够实现权利要求1-19中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机存储介质，其中，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令；所述计算机可执行指令被处理器执行后，能够实现权利要求1-19中任一项所述的方法。
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