WO2024009697A1 - 含フッ素共重合体の製造方法、粉体塗料の製造方法、塗装物品の製造方法 - Google Patents
含フッ素共重合体の製造方法、粉体塗料の製造方法、塗装物品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
- C08F214/24—Trifluorochloroethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
- C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/03—Powdery paints
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a fluorine-containing copolymer, a method for producing a powder coating, and a method for producing a coated article.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that in the presence of a piperidyl group-containing compound and an organic solvent, a fluoroolefin, a monomer having a crosslinkable group, and a fluorine atom and a crosslinkable group are combined. A method for obtaining a fluorine-containing copolymer using a monomer that does not have this is disclosed.
- fluorine-containing copolymers used as paints there is a demand for further improvement in thermal stability so that the molecular weight does not increase due to heat. There is also a need for further improvements in the gloss and coloring of the coating films formed.
- the present inventors evaluated the fluorine-containing copolymer described in Patent Document 1, and found that the thermal stability of the fluorine-containing copolymer, and the glossiness and coloring of the formed coating film. We found that there is room for improvement.
- the present invention provides a fluorine-containing copolymer that can produce a fluorine-containing copolymer that has excellent thermal stability, provides excellent gloss of the coating film when used for forming a coating film, and further suppresses coloring of the coating film.
- the objective is to provide a method for manufacturing a combination.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a powder coating containing the above-mentioned fluorine-containing copolymer, and a method for producing a coated article using the powder coating.
- chlorotrifluoroethylene is produced by polymerizing monomers containing chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether using a radical polymerization initiator, a piperidyl group-containing compound, and hydrotalcite.
- a fluorine-containing copolymer which comprises a unit based on a vinyl ether and a unit based on a vinyl ether
- the piperidyl group in the piperidyl group-containing compound relative to the molar amount of the total amount of monomers used is The ratio of the molar amount of is set to 0.0032 to 0.010, the mass ratio of the amount of hydrotalcite used to the amount of piperidyl group-containing compound used is set to 0.3 or more and less than 4.6, and
- trifluoroethylene and vinyl ether By continuously or intermittently supplying trifluoroethylene and vinyl ether into the reaction system, it has excellent thermal stability, and when used to form a coating film, it has excellent glossiness and can form a coating film.
- the inventors have discovered that a fluorine-containing copolymer can be obtained that further suppresses coloring of a coating film when used in a fluorine-containing copolymer, leading to the present invention.
- a method for producing a fluorine-containing copolymer which produces a fluorine-containing copolymer containing a unit based on chlorotrifluoroethylene and a unit based on vinyl ether, the method comprising: a radical polymerization initiator, a piperidyl group-containing compound, and Using hydrotalcite, a monomer containing chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether is polymerized to produce the fluorine-containing copolymer, and the piperidyl group-containing compound is added to the molar amount of the total amount of the monomer used.
- the ratio of the molar amount of the piperidyl group therein is from 0.0032 to 0.010, and the mass ratio of the amount of the hydrotalcite used to the amount of the piperidyl group-containing compound used is 0.30 or more and less than 4.60.
- a method for producing a fluorine-containing copolymer which comprises continuously or intermittently supplying the chlorotrifluoroethylene and the vinyl ether into the reaction system after starting the polymerization.
- the crosslinkable group is a hydroxy group or a carboxy group.
- the vinyl ether includes a vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group and a vinyl ether having no crosslinkable group, and the amount of the vinyl ether not having a crosslinkable group used is 1 to 70 mol relative to the total amount of the monomer used. % of the fluorine-containing copolymer according to [1] or [2].
- a fluorine-containing copolymer that has excellent thermal stability, provides excellent gloss of a coating film when used for forming a coating film, and further suppresses coloring of the coating film.
- a method for producing a copolymer can be provided. Further, according to the present invention, there can also be provided a method for producing a powder coating containing the above-mentioned fluorine-containing copolymer, and a method for producing a coated article using the above-mentioned powder coating.
- a numerical range expressed using " ⁇ " means a range that includes the numerical values written before and after " ⁇ " as lower and upper limits.
- the upper limit or lower limit described in a certain numerical range may be replaced with the upper limit or lower limit of another numerical range described stepwise.
- the upper limit or lower limit described in a certain numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in the Examples.
- one type of substance corresponding to each component may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the content of the component refers to the total content of the substances used in combination, unless otherwise specified.
- a combination of two or more preferred embodiments is a more preferred embodiment.
- the unit is a general term for an atomic group based on one molecule of the above-mentioned monomer, which is directly formed by polymerization of monomers, and an atomic group obtained by chemically converting a part of the above-mentioned atomic group.
- the content (mol%) of each unit relative to the total units contained in the polymer is determined by analyzing the polymer by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and can also be determined from the amount of ingredients used in the production of the polymer. .
- (Meth)acrylic is a general term for acrylic and methacrylic.
- a hydrolyzable silyl group means a group that can undergo a hydrolysis reaction to form a silanol group.
- the acid value and hydroxyl value are values measured according to the method of JIS K 0070-3 (1992), respectively.
- Glass transition temperature (Tg) is the midpoint glass transition temperature of a polymer as measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
- the melt viscosity is the value of the melt viscosity of the sample at 170°C when the temperature is measured from 130°C to 200°C at a heating rate of 10°C/min using a rotary rheometer.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) and weight average molecular weight (Mw) are values measured by size exclusion chromatography (gel permeation chromatography) using polystyrene as a standard substance. Further, the ratio of Mw to Mn represents the molecular weight distribution and is also referred to as Mw/Mn.
- the average particle diameter of the particles is 50%, which is determined by calculating the volume average from the particle size distribution measured using a known particle size distribution measuring device (trade name: Helos-Rodos, manufactured by Sympatec Co., Ltd.) using a laser diffraction method as the measurement principle. This is the diameter value.
- the film thickness is a value measured using an eddy current film thickness meter (trade name: EDY-5000, manufactured by Sanko Denshi Co., Ltd.).
- the method for producing a fluorine-containing copolymer of the present invention is a method for producing a fluorine-containing copolymer containing a unit based on chlorotrifluoroethylene and a unit based on vinyl ether.
- a monomer means both the aspect containing only 1 type of monomer, and the aspect containing 2 or more types of monomers.
- the content of units based on chlorotrifluoroethylene is from 30 to 30, based on the total repeating units of the specific fluorocopolymer, since the coating film obtained using the specific fluorocopolymer has better weather resistance. It is preferably 70 mol%, more preferably 40 to 60 mol%, even more preferably 45 to 55 mol%.
- the vinyl ether may be a vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group or may be a vinyl ether having no crosslinkable group.
- the vinyl ether preferably has a crosslinkable group from the viewpoint of further improving the hardness of the coating film obtained using the specific fluorine-containing copolymer.
- the crosslinkable group include at least one group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, an amino group, an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, a hydrolyzable silyl group, a sulfo group, and a carboxy group, A hydroxy group or a carboxy group is preferred, and a hydroxy group is more preferred, since the hardness of a coating film obtained using the specific fluorine-containing copolymer can be further improved.
- the sulfo group and the carboxy group may be ionized to become -SO 3 - or -COO - , or form a salt with a cation to become -SO 3 - Na + or -COO - Na + , etc.
- the number of crosslinkable groups may be 1 or 2 or more. Two or more types of crosslinkable groups may be used in combination. Two or more kinds of vinyl ethers may be used in combination, and among them, it is preferable to use a vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group and a vinyl ether without a crosslinkable group in combination.
- the vinyl ether may or may not have a fluorine atom, but preferably does not have a fluorine atom. Two or more kinds of vinyl ethers having a crosslinkable group may be used in combination.
- a vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group a vinyl ether having a hydroxy group or a vinyl ether having a carboxyl group is preferable from the viewpoint of further improving the hardness of the coating film obtained using the specific fluorine-containing copolymer. More preferred are vinyl ethers having the following. Two or more kinds of vinyl ethers having no crosslinkable group may be used in combination.
- -cycloC 6 H 10 - represents a cyclohexylene group, and the bonding site of "-cycloC 6 H 10 -" is usually 1,4-.
- Two or more kinds of vinyl ethers having a hydroxy group may be used in combination.
- n12 is an integer from 1 to 10.
- Two or more kinds of vinyl ethers having a carboxy group may be used in combination.
- vinyl ethers having no crosslinkable group include ethyl vinyl ether, tert-butyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, cyclohexyl vinyl ether, and cyclohexylmethyl vinyl ether.
- the content of units based on vinyl ether is preferably 1 to 80 mol%, more preferably 10 to 70 mol%, and even more preferably 20 to 60 mol%, based on all repeating units of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer.
- the unit based on vinyl ether includes a unit based on vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group
- the content of the unit based on vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group further improves the hardness of the coating film obtained using the specific fluorine-containing copolymer. From the standpoint of production, it is preferably 1 to 20 mol%, more preferably 3 to 20 mol%, and even more preferably 5 to 15 mol%, based on the total repeating units of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer.
- the content of the vinyl ether-based unit that does not have a crosslinkable group is determined by the smoothness of the coating film obtained using the specified fluorine-containing copolymer. From the viewpoint of further improving the fluorine-containing copolymer, it is preferably 1 to 70 mol%, more preferably 5 to 60 mol%, and even more preferably 10 to 50 mol%, based on the total repeating units of the specific fluorocopolymer.
- the specific fluorine-containing copolymer may contain units other than units based on chlorotrifluoroethylene and units based on vinyl ether (hereinafter also referred to as other units); It is preferred that substantially no other units be contained, since the resulting coating film will have better weather resistance.
- “not substantially containing other units” means that the content of other units is 0.1 mol% or less based on all repeating units of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer.
- Specific examples of other units include units based on fluoroolefins other than chlorotrifluoroethylene and units based on vinyl esters.
- the specific fluorine-containing copolymer does not have a carboxy group, since the hardness of the coating film obtained using the specific fluorine-containing copolymer can be further improved.
- the specific fluorine-containing copolymer preferably has a hydroxy group.
- the specific fluorine-containing copolymer preferably contains a unit based on chlorotrifluoroethylene, a unit based on vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group, and a unit based on vinyl ether without a crosslinkable group. More preferably, it is a fluorine-containing copolymer consisting of a vinyl ether-based unit having a crosslinkable group, and a vinyl ether-based unit having no crosslinkable group.
- the specified fluorine-containing copolymer has a unit based on chlorotrifluoroethylene, a unit based on a vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group, and a vinyl ether without a crosslinkable group among all units contained in the specified fluorine-containing copolymer.
- the Tg of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer is 30 to 30, since the blocking resistance of the powder coating containing the specific fluorine-containing copolymer and the surface smoothness of the coating film obtained using the above-mentioned powder coating are further improved.
- the temperature is preferably 60°C, more preferably 35-60°C, even more preferably 40-55°C.
- the melt viscosity of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer at 170° C. is preferably 10 to 450 Pa ⁇ s, more preferably 30 to 450 Pa ⁇ s, and even more preferably 40 to 400 Pa ⁇ s.
- the hydroxyl value of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer is preferably more than 0 mgKOH/g and less than 150 mgKOH/g, more preferably 5 to 100 mgKOH/g, and 15 to 70 mgKOH/g. More preferably, 30 to 60 mgKOH/g is particularly preferred.
- the acid value of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer is preferably more than 0 mgKOH/g and less than 10 mgKOH/g, more preferably 2 to 8 mgKOH/g, and more preferably 3 to 7 mgKOH/g. More preferred.
- the Mw of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer is preferably from 10,000 to 60,000, more preferably from 15,000 to 55,000, and even more preferably from 20,000 to 50,000, from the standpoint of achieving better effects of the present invention.
- Mn of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer is preferably from 5,000 to 20,000, more preferably from 6,000 to 18,000, and even more preferably from 7,000 to 16,000, from the standpoint of achieving better effects of the present invention.
- Mw/Mn (molecular weight distribution) of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer is preferably 2.0 to 3.5, more preferably 2.3 to 3.3, and 2.5 from the viewpoint of more excellent effects of the present invention. ⁇ 3.2 is more preferred.
- Examples of the method for adjusting Mw/Mn of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer include a method for adjusting the amount of a piperidyl group-containing compound and hydrotalcite, etc. used in the present production method, and a method for adjusting the amount of a piperidyl group-containing compound, hydrotalcite, etc. Examples include a method of continuously or intermittently supplying chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether into the reaction system after the start of polymerization of the monomers.
- the specific fluorine-containing copolymer can be used as a component of paint. Paints prepared from specified fluorine-containing copolymers include solvent-based paints prepared by dissolving the specified fluorine-containing copolymer in an organic solvent, water-based paints prepared by dispersing the specified fluorine-containing copolymer in water, and specific fluorine-containing copolymers. Any powder coating containing fluorine copolymer powder may be used, but powder coating is preferred.
- this production method uses a radical polymerization initiator, a piperidyl group-containing compound, and hydrotalcite to polymerize monomers containing chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether to form units based on chlorotrifluoroethylene.
- This is a method for producing a fluorine-containing copolymer, which produces a fluorine-containing copolymer containing units based on vinyl ether.
- the ratio of the molar amount of the piperidyl group in the piperidyl group-containing compound to the molar amount of the total amount of monomers used (hereinafter also referred to as ratio Pg/M) is 0.0032 to 0.010.
- the mass ratio of the amount of hydrotalcite used to the amount of the piperidyl group-containing compound used (hereinafter also referred to as ratio H/Pc) is 0.30 or more and less than 4.60, and after starting the polymerization, chlorotrifluoroethylene
- the ratio Pg/M is below the upper limit, coloring resulting from the piperidyl group-containing compound in the coating film formed using the fluorine-containing copolymer is suppressed.
- the ratio H/Pc within the above range, unintended side reactions in the polymerization of monomers are suppressed, the molecular weight of the fluorine-containing copolymer becomes more uniform, and the fluorine-containing copolymer becomes more uniform in the coating film. It is presumed that a fluorine-containing copolymer was produced that suppresses the generation of foreign substances when used for formation, and as a result, the gloss of the coating film was improved.
- the molecular weight of the fluorine-containing copolymer can be made more uniform. Therefore, it is presumed that the glossiness of the coating film formed using the fluorine-containing copolymer was improved.
- chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether used in this production method are each as explained in the above-mentioned specific fluorine-containing copolymer, and preferred embodiments are also the same.
- the preferred amount of chlorotrifluoroethylene to be used relative to the total amount of monomers used is the preferred amount of chlorotrifluoroethylene-based units to all repeating units of the above-mentioned specific fluorine-containing copolymer. This is the same as the aspect. That is, the amount of chlorotrifluoroethylene used relative to the total amount of monomers used is preferably 30 to 70 mol%, more preferably 40 to 60 mol%, and even more preferably 45 to 55 mol%.
- preferred embodiments of the amount of vinyl ether used, the amount of vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group, and the amount of vinyl ether not having a crosslinkable group used, relative to the total amount of monomers used are as follows: The content of units based on vinyl ether, the content of units based on vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group, and the content of units based on vinyl ether without a crosslinkable group with respect to all repeating units of the above-mentioned specific fluorine-containing copolymer. This is the same as the preferred embodiment.
- monomers other than chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether may be used, but in order to achieve better effects of the present invention, it is preferable to use only chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether as monomers. is preferred.
- a monomer containing chlorotrifluoroethylene, a vinyl ether having a crosslinking group, and a vinyl ether having no crosslinking group it is preferable to use a monomer containing only vinyl ether and having no crosslinkable group.
- Preferred embodiments of the amount of each of chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group, and vinyl ether not having a crosslinkable group relative to the total amount of monomers used include the above-mentioned specific fluorine-containing copolymer.
- the preferred embodiments of the respective contents of units based on chlorotrifluoroethylene, units based on vinyl ether having a crosslinkable group, and units based on vinyl ether not having a crosslinkable group with respect to the total units are the same.
- a piperidyl group-containing compound is used.
- the piperidyl group-containing compound means a compound having a piperidyl group or a piperidyl group having a substituent.
- a compound having a piperidyl group having a substituent is preferable.
- the piperidyl group having a substituent is preferably a tetra-substituted piperidyl group, more preferably a 2,2,6,6-tetra-substituted piperidyl group.
- a piperidyl group-containing compound having two or more piperidyl groups or piperidyl groups having a substituent in one molecule is preferable. Two or more types of piperidyl group-containing compounds may be used, and it is preferable to use two or more types.
- the piperidyl group-containing compound is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (a compound having a 2,2,6,6-tetra-substituted piperidyl group).
- R 11 to R 14 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, dodecyl group, stearyl group, etc.), a cycloalkyl group (cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, etc.), a substituted an alkyl group (2-hydroxyethyl group, 2-methoxycarbonylethyl group, 3-hydroxypropyl group, etc.), an aryl group (phenyl group, naphthyl group, etc.), or an aralkyl group (phenethyl group, benzyl group, etc.), and R 11 and R 12 , or R 13 and R 14 may form an aliphatic ring having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. From the viewpoint of price and availability, R 11 to R 14 are preferably alkyl groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably methyl groups.
- R15 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, dodecyl group, stearyl group, etc.), a substituted alkyl group (2-hydroxyethyl group, 2-methoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-acetoxy ethyl group, 2-(3-methoxycarbonylpropionyloxy)ethyl group, 3-hydroxypropyl group, etc.), aryl group (phenyl group, naphthyl group, hydroxyphenyl group, etc.), aralkyl group (phenethyl group, benzyl group, hydroxyphenyl group, etc.) enylalkyl group, etc.) or cycloalkyl group (cyclohexyl group, etc.).
- an alkyl group methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, dodecyl group, stearyl group, etc
- R16 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group (methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, dodecyl group, stearyl group, etc.), a substituted alkyl group (2-hydroxyethyl group, 2-methoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-acetoxyethyl group, 2-(3-methoxycarbonylpropionyloxy)ethyl group, 3-hydroxypropyl group, etc.), aryl group (phenyl group, naphthyl group, etc.), aralkyl group (phenethyl group, benzyl group, etc.), ester Bond-containing groups (acetoxy group, propionyloxy group, butyryloxy group, lauroyloxy group, substituted alkylcarbonyloxy group, benzoyloxy group, substituted benzoyloxy group, etc.), amino group-containing group (alkoxycarbonylamino group, N-monoal
- piperidyl group-containing compounds include 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl Piperidine, 4-hydroxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpeviridine, 1-ethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6 , 6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-butyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-dodecyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-phenyl-2,2 , 6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpipericine, 1-(6-hydroxyethyl)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-acetoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-acetoxy-1,2,2,6,6-p
- Examples of the piperidyl group-containing compound in which R 16 is a 2,2,6,6-tetra-substituted piperidyl group-containing group include 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (4-hydroxy-2,2,6 , 6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-hydroxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, etc.) and polybasic acids (succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, decane-1,10-dicarboxylic acid, phthalate) acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid, malonic acid, substituted malonic acid, etc.), two or more 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl molecules in one molecule.
- Examples include piperidyl group
- the ratio (ratio Pg/ M) is 0.0032 to 0.010.
- the ratio Pg/M is preferably from 0.0040 to 0.0090, more preferably from 0.0050 to 0.0080, in terms of the effects of the present invention being more excellent.
- the particle size of hydrotalcite is preferably 5 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 110 ⁇ m. If the particle size of hydrotalcite is 5 ⁇ m or more, it can be easily removed by filtration. When the particle size of hydrotalcite is 500 ⁇ m or less, the surface area per unit mass is large, and the effect of hydrotalcite is more exerted.
- the particle size of hydrotalcite is measured according to JIS K 0069 "Sieving test method for chemical products".
- the mass ratio of the amount of hydrotalcite used to the total amount of monomers used is preferably 0.001 to 0.050, More preferably 0.003 to 0.030. If the ratio is within the above range, the molecular weight distribution of the resulting fluorine-containing copolymer can be made smaller.
- the mass ratio (ratio H/Pc) of the amount of hydrotalcite used to the amount of the piperidyl group-containing compound used is 0.30 or more and less than 4.60.
- the ratio H/Pc is preferably from 0.50 to 2.00, more preferably from 0.80 to 1.50, in order to achieve better effects of the present invention.
- a radical polymerization initiator is used in the polymerization of monomers.
- the radical polymerization initiator include peroxide initiators and azo initiators.
- peroxide-based initiators include cyclohexanone peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, 2,2-di-(tert-butylperoxy)butane, and tert-butyl peroxide.
- Examples include pivalate and diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate.
- azo initiators include 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobiscyclohexane carbonate nitrile, 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), , 2'-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile). Two or more radical polymerization initiators may be used in combination.
- the ratio of the molar amount of the polymerization initiator to the molar amount of the total amount of monomers used is preferably 0.05 to 1.5, more preferably 0.1 to 1.0.
- Examples of the monomer polymerization method in this production method include solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and suspension polymerization, with solution polymerization being preferred. Therefore, in this production method, it is preferable to use a solvent (polymerization solvent) in the polymerization of the monomer.
- a solvent polymerization solvent
- examples of the solvent include organic solvents, water, and mixed solvents thereof, and organic solvents are preferred because they facilitate the production of the fluorine-containing copolymer.
- the organic solvent is preferably one or more organic solvents selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, and ether ester solvents.
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvents include toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, aromatic petroleum naphtha, tetralin, and turpentine oil.
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvents can be used, such as Solvesso (registered trademark) #100 (manufactured by Exxon Chemical) and Solvesso (registered trademark) #150 (manufactured by Exxon Chemical).
- ketone solvents include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl amyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, and isophorone.
- ester solvents include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, and tert-butyl acetate.
- alcoholic solvents include ethanol, tert-butyl alcohol, and iso-propyl alcohol.
- ether ester solvents include ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and methoxybutyl acetate. Two or more types of organic solvents may be used in combination.
- chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether are continuously or intermittently supplied into the reaction system. This makes it easier to keep the concentrations of chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether constant in the reaction system while the polymerization reaction is occurring, so the fluorine-containing copolymer has a more uniform molecular weight and the effects of the present invention are more excellent. Can produce combinations.
- the type of vinyl ether present before the start of polymerization is the same as the type of vinyl ether added to the reaction system after the start of polymerization.
- the reaction system means a system containing chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether in which a polymerization reaction is occurring, and is present, for example, in a reactor.
- the starting point of the polymerization is the point at which the temperature of the reactor containing chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinyl ether, and the radical polymerization initiator is raised to reach the 10-hour half-life temperature of the radical polymerization initiator.
- a reactor in which chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether are present and no radical polymerization initiator is present is heated to reach the 10-hour half-life temperature of the radical polymerization initiator, and then the temperature is maintained.
- the point at which the radical polymerization initiator is added may be taken as the point at which polymerization starts.
- a mixture of chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether may be supplied into the reaction system, or chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether may be separately supplied into the reaction system. good.
- monomers other than chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether may be reacted as a mixture with at least one of chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether, or separately from chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether. It may also be supplied within the system.
- monomers containing chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether that are supplied continuously or intermittently after the start of polymerization of the monomers are also collectively referred to as "additional monomers.”
- continuously supplying the additional monomer into the reaction system means adding the additional monomer without interruption within a predetermined period, and not adding the additional monomer outside the predetermined period. Means the method of addition.
- intermittently supplying the additional monomer refers to a method in which the additional monomer is added intermittently in divided parts, and the period for adding the additional monomer and the amount of the additional monomer are added intermittently. This refers to an addition method in which a period in which the monomer is not added is alternately repeated, and a period in which the additional monomer is added is repeated two or more times.
- a monomer containing chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether, a piperidyl group-containing compound, hydrotalcite, and a radical polymerization initiator are charged into a reactor, and then polymerization is started.
- the amount of chlorotrifluoroethylene charged before the start of polymerization (hereinafter also referred to as initial stage) is a part of the total amount of chlorotrifluoroethylene used in the polymerization reaction, and the remainder is added to the reaction system after the start of polymerization. It is used for continuous or intermittent supply (hereinafter also referred to as continuous addition).
- the amount of vinyl ether charged initially is a portion of the total amount of vinyl ether used in the polymerization reaction, and the remainder is used for continuous addition after the initiation of polymerization.
- the molar ratio (Mm/Ma ) is preferably 0.30 or more, more preferably 0.45 or more, and even more preferably 0.55 or more. If the molar ratio (Mm/Ma) is at least the above lower limit, the blocking resistance of the coating material will be improved, and the glossiness of the coating film will be improved.
- the molar ratio (Mm/Ma) is preferably 1.00 or less, more preferably 0.90 or less, and even more preferably 0.85 or less. If the molar ratio (Mm/Ma) is below the above upper limit, the melt viscosity of the coating material will be good, the smoothness of the coating film will be good, and the glossiness of the coating film will be improved.
- the molar ratio A of the amount of vinyl ether initially charged to the amount of chlorotrifluoroethylene charged initially is preferably 0.5 to 1.5, more preferably 0.7 to 1.3, and 0.5 to 1.5. 9 to 1.1 is more preferred.
- the molar ratio B of the amount of vinyl ether to the amount of chlorotrifluoroethylene in the additional monomer that is continuously added into the reaction system is preferably 0.7 to 2.0, more preferably 0.8 to 1.4. , 0.9 to 1.1 are more preferable.
- the ratio (A/B) of the molar ratio A to the molar ratio B is preferably 0.5 to 1.5, more preferably 0.7 to 1.3, and even more preferably 0.9 to 1.1.
- the ratio (A/B) is within the above range, the amount of low molecular weight components contained in the resulting fluorine-containing copolymer will be reduced. As a result, the molecular weight distribution of the fluorine-containing copolymer can be narrowed, and the glossiness of the coating film formed using the fluorine-containing copolymer can be improved.
- the entire amount of the piperidyl group-containing compound used in this production method may be initially charged, or a part of the total amount used in this production method may be initially charged, and the remainder may be added to the reaction system after the start of polymerization. . It is preferable that the entire amount of the piperidyl group-containing compound be initially charged. When adding the piperidyl group-containing compound to the reaction system after the start of polymerization, it may be added continuously or all at once.
- the entire amount of hydrotalcite used in this production method may be initially charged, or a part of the total amount used in this production method may be initially charged, and the remainder may be added to the reaction system after the start of polymerization. It is preferable to add the entire amount of hydrotalcite at the beginning. When hydrotalcite is added to the reaction system after the start of polymerization, it may be added continuously or all at once.
- the radical polymerization initiator may be charged initially with the entire amount used for monomer polymerization, or a part of the total amount used for monomer polymerization may be initially charged and the remainder added to the reaction system after polymerization has started. You may. It is preferable to initially charge a portion of the total amount of the radical polymerization initiator used in the polymerization of monomers, and add the remainder into the reaction system after the start of polymerization. It is more preferable to charge this at the beginning and then continuously add the remainder into the reaction system after the polymerization has started.
- the solvent is charged together with the monomers into a reactor before the start of polymerization, and the monomers are polymerized in the reactor.
- the ratio of the total molar amount Mm of monomers present in the reactor before the start of polymerization to the molar amount Ms of the solvent present in the reactor before the start of polymerization is preferably 0.30 or more, more preferably 0.50 or more, and even more preferably 0.65 or more.
- the ratio (Mm/Ms) is preferably 1.50 or less, more preferably 1.45 or less, and even more preferably 1.00 or less, from the viewpoint of the smoothness of the coating film.
- the temperature in the reactor (polymerization temperature) when the monomers are polymerized is preferably 50 to 90°C, more preferably 60 to 80°C.
- the polymerization temperature is the temperature within the reaction system when starting polymerization, and the temperature within the reaction system when monomers are polymerized while continuously adding additional monomers after the start of polymerization.
- the pressure within the reaction system (hereinafter also referred to as polymerization pressure) during continuous addition of additional monomers containing chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether after the start of polymerization is preferably 0.3 to 0.8 MPa, and 0.4 MPa. ⁇ 0.7 MPa is more preferable.
- the polymerization time from the start of monomer polymerization to the completion of monomer polymerization in which additional monomers are continuously added is preferably 0.5 to 30 hours, more preferably 1 to 5 hours. .
- This manufacturing method may further include the step of removing insoluble components from the mixed liquid.
- a specific example of a method for removing insoluble components includes solid-liquid separation treatment such as filtration.
- a mixed solution containing the fluorine-containing copolymer and the solvent may be obtained after the monomer polymerization is completed.
- the present manufacturing method may further include the step of removing the solvent from the mixed liquid. Specific examples of methods for removing the solvent from the mixed solution include heating and distillation.
- components such as a chain transfer agent, a polymerization inhibitor, and a stabilizer may be used as necessary.
- composition (hereinafter also referred to as the present composition) containing a specific fluorine-containing copolymer and a piperidyl group-containing compound is obtained.
- the content of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer contained in the present composition is preferably 5 to 99.5% by mass, more preferably 10 to 99% by mass, based on the total mass of the composition.
- the piperidyl group-containing compound contained in the present composition is preferably the piperidyl group-containing compound mentioned in the method for producing a fluorine-containing copolymer described above.
- the content of the piperidyl group-containing compound is preferably 0.3 to 2.6% by mass, more preferably 0.8 to 2.0% by mass, based on the total mass of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer.
- the composition may also contain a solvent.
- the solvent may be the polymerization solvent used in the polymerization of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer, a solvent other than the polymerization solvent, or a mixture of the polymerization solvent and a solvent other than the polymerization solvent.
- Specific examples of the solvent include the solvents mentioned in the method for producing the fluorine-containing copolymer described above.
- the content of the solvent is preferably 10 to 95% by mass, more preferably 20 to 90% by mass, based on the total mass of the composition.
- the present composition may contain an insoluble component derived from hydrotalcite, it is preferably substantially free of hydrotalcite.
- substantially not containing hydrotalcite means that the content of hydrotalcite is 0.05% by mass or less based on the total mass of the composition.
- the present composition may contain components other than those mentioned above.
- the specific fluorine-containing copolymer is preferably used for producing powder coatings.
- the composition containing the specific fluorine-containing copolymer contains a solvent, it may be used for producing a powder coating after removing the solvent.
- the powder coating of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as the present coating) contains a specific fluorine-containing copolymer.
- the content of the specific fluorine-containing copolymer is preferably 30 to 100% by mass, more preferably 40 to 100% by mass, based on the total mass of the paint.
- the paint may contain a piperidyl group-containing compound.
- the piperidyl group-containing compound is preferably a piperidyl group-containing compound mentioned in the method for producing a fluorine-containing copolymer described above.
- the content of the piperidyl group-containing compound is preferably 0.1 to 2.6% by mass, and 0.15 to 2.0% by mass based on the total mass of the present paint. is more preferable.
- the paint may further contain additives.
- additives include pigments, curing agents, catalysts (curing catalysts, etc.), polymers other than those listed above (e.g., polyester resins, (meth)acrylic resins, epoxy resins), fillers (resin beads, etc.), and light stabilizers. agent, ultraviolet absorber, matting agent, surface conditioner, degassing agent, flow agent, heat stabilizer, antistatic agent, rust preventive agent, silane coupling agent, anti-pollution agent, plasticizer, adhesive, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the present paint may or may not contain a solvent (water, organic solvent, etc.), and preferably does not contain a solvent.
- the content of the solvent is preferably less than 1% by mass, more preferably 1 ppm by mass or less, and even more preferably 0% by mass, based on the total mass of the paint.
- the present paint can be manufactured by mixing the specific fluorine-containing copolymer and, if necessary, additives.
- the specific fluorine-containing copolymer and additives to be mixed may be in the form of independent powders or pellets.
- One embodiment of the method for producing this paint includes a method in which a specific fluorine-containing copolymer and additives used as necessary are melt-kneaded, cooled, and then pulverized to obtain a powder paint. .
- the melt-kneading temperature is preferably 80 to 130°C.
- one embodiment of the method for producing this paint includes a method of obtaining a powder paint by mixing powder containing a specific fluorine-containing copolymer and powder of additives used as necessary. It will be done. This method is also called dry blending, and is a method in which melt kneading is not performed during mixing.
- the pulverization may be performed using a pulverizer such as a pin mill, hammer mill, or jet mill. After pulverization, it is preferable to classify the pulverized material to make the particle size of the resulting powder coating uniform.
- the average particle diameter of the powder coating is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 80 ⁇ m.
- the coating film of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as the main coating film) is formed by applying the present paint onto a substrate.
- the coated article of the present invention includes a base material and a coating film formed from the present paint disposed on the base material.
- the material of the base material include inorganic materials, organic materials, and organic-inorganic composite materials.
- inorganic materials include concrete, natural stone, glass, and metals (iron, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, brass, titanium, etc.).
- Specific examples of organic substances include plastics, rubber, adhesives, and wood.
- Specific examples of organic-inorganic composite materials include fiber-reinforced plastic, resin-reinforced concrete, and fiber-reinforced concrete.
- the base material may be subjected to a known surface treatment (chemical conversion treatment, etc.). Further, the surface of the base material may previously have a resin layer (polyester resin layer, acrylic resin layer, silicone resin layer, etc.) formed by applying a primer or the like.
- metal is preferable, and iron, an alloy containing iron (eg, carbon steel, stainless steel), and aluminum are more preferable.
- Specific examples of the shape of the base material include flat, spherical, and rod-like.
- the thickness of this coating film is preferably 20 to 1,000 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the coated article of the present invention is preferably manufactured by applying (painting) the coating material to the surface of a base material to form a coated layer, heating the resulting coated layer, and then cooling it.
- methods for forming the coating layer include coating methods such as electrostatic coating, electrostatic spraying, electrostatic dipping, fluidized dipping, and spraying, with electrostatic coating using a powder coating gun being preferred.
- powder coating guns include corona charging type coating guns and friction charging type coating guns.
- a corona-charged paint gun is a paint gun that sprays powder paint after corona discharge treatment.
- a triboelectric paint gun is a paint gun that sprays powder paint after it has been triboelectrically charged.
- the heating temperature during the heat treatment is preferably 120 to 250°C.
- the heating maintenance time is usually 2 to 60 minutes.
- the coating layer is melted and hardened (melted and hardened) by heat treatment and cooling to form the main coating film.
- Examples 1 to 9 are examples, and Examples 10 to 14 are comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
- the compounding amount of each component in the table mentioned below is based on mass unless otherwise specified.
- Example 1 In a stainless steel pressure-resistant reactor with an internal volume of 2500 ml equipped with a stirrer, 20 g of a piperidyl group-containing compound (manufactured by BASF, trade name "TINUVIN292", bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) was added.
- a piperidyl group-containing compound manufactured by BASF, trade name "TINUVIN292", bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl
- cyclohexyl vinyl ether hereinafter also referred to as CHVE
- CHVE cyclohexyl vinyl ether
- CTFE chlorotrifluoroethylene
- PBPV tert-butyl peroxypivalate
- a fluorine copolymer solution (A-1) was obtained.
- the fluorine-containing copolymer solution (A-1) contained a fluorine-containing copolymer, a piperidyl group-containing compound, and xylene.
- CTFE/CHVE/HBVE (mol %) XX/YY/ZZ
- the numerical values expressed by XX, YY, and ZZ are the composition derived from CTFE with respect to all the constituent units of the fluorine-containing copolymer, respectively. unit, the molar ratio (percentage) of CHVE-derived structural units and HBVE-derived structural units.
- Example 2 In a stainless steel pressure-resistant reactor with an internal volume of 2500 ml equipped with a stirrer, 22 g of a piperidyl group-containing compound (manufactured by BASF, trade name "TINUVIN292", bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) ) mixture of sebacate and methyl 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl sebacate (mass ratio 3:1)), 22 g of hydrotalcite (manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name "KW500”) , particle size of 45 ⁇ m or less: 38%, 45 to 75 ⁇ m: 35%, 75 to 106 ⁇ m: 21%, 106 to 500 ⁇ m: 6%), 726 g of xylene, 79 g of HBVE, and 303 g of CHVE were charged, and degassed with nitrogen.
- a piperidyl group-containing compound manufactured by BASF, trade name "TINUV
- a fluorine copolymer solution (A-2) was obtained.
- the fluorine-containing copolymer solution (A-2) contained a fluorine-containing copolymer, a piperidyl group-containing compound, and xylene.
- Example 10 In a stainless steel pressure-resistant reactor with an internal volume of 2500 ml equipped with a stirrer, 12.4 g of a piperidyl group-containing compound (manufactured by BASF, trade name "TINUVIN144", bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4 -piperidyl) [[3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]methyl]butyl malonate), 929 g of xylene, 212 g of ethyl vinyl ether (hereinafter also referred to as EVE), 132 g of HBVE and 214 g of CHVE were charged, and dissolved oxygen in the liquid was removed by degassing with nitrogen.
- a piperidyl group-containing compound manufactured by BASF, trade name "TINUVIN144", bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4 -piperidyl) [[3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphen
- the fluorine-containing copolymer solution (A-10) contained a fluorine-containing copolymer, a piperidyl group-containing compound, and xylene.
- Example 14 A fluorine-containing copolymer solution (A-14) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10, except that the amounts used of each component and the polymerization temperature were as shown in Table 1.
- Each of the fluorine-containing copolymer solutions (A-14) contained a fluorine-containing copolymer, a piperidyl group-containing compound, and xylene.
- Tetrahydrofuran (hereinafter also referred to as THF) was added to the fluorine-containing copolymer solution of each example to obtain a solution diluted so that the concentration of the fluorine-containing copolymer was 1% by mass.
- the obtained solution was filtered through a hydrophilic PTFE membrane filter with a pore size of 0.45 ⁇ m, and then 1.5 ml of the filtered solution (measurement solution) was filled into a 2 ml clear glass vial.
- thermo stability 50 g of the fluorine-containing copolymer solution of each example was placed in a heat-resistant container and placed in an oven set at 70°C. The heat-resistant container was removed from the oven 14 days after it was placed in the oven. Add THF to the fluorine-containing copolymer solution after the heating test to prepare a diluted solution so that the concentration of the fluorine-containing copolymer is 1% by mass, and then measure the fluorine-containing copolymer according to the above measurement method. The molecular weight was measured.
- Mw2 weight average molecular weight
- Mw1 weight average molecular weight
- Mw2 weight average molecular weight
- Mw1 weight average molecular weight of the fluorine-containing copolymer before the heat test
- the powdery mixture was melt-kneaded using a twin-screw extruder (manufactured by Thermoprism, 16 mm extruder) at a barrel temperature of 120° C. to obtain pellets.
- the obtained pellets were pulverized at room temperature using a pulverizer (Rotor Speed Mill P14, manufactured by FRITSCH) and classified using a 150 mesh sieve to obtain a powder coating composition having an average particle size of about 40 ⁇ m.
- Pg/M represents the ratio of the molar amount of the piperidyl group in the piperidyl group-containing compound to the molar amount of the total amount of monomers used.
- H/Pc represents the mass ratio of the amount of hydrotalcite used to the amount of the piperidyl group-containing compound used.
- Mm/Ms represents the ratio of the total molar amount Mm of all monomers to the molar amount Ms of the solvent in the reactor before starting polymerization.
- the numerical values shown in column 1 of the composition are CTFE-derived structural units, CHVE-derived structural units, and HBVE-derived structural units, relative to all structural units of the fluorine-containing copolymer produced in each example, in order from the left side of the paper. means the molar ratio (percentage) of the constituent units of each.
- the numerical values shown in the composition 2 column are, in order from the left side of the paper, the CTFE-derived structural units, EVE-derived structural units, CHVE-derived structural units, and Each represents the molar ratio (percentage) of the constituent units derived from HBVE.
- a fluorine-containing copolymer is produced by polymerizing monomers containing CTFE and vinyl ether using a radical polymerization initiator, a piperidyl group-containing compound, and hydrotalcite.
- the ratio of the molar amount of the piperidyl group in the piperidyl group-containing compound to the molar amount of the total amount of monomers used is 0.0032 to 0.010, and the ratio of the molar amount of the piperidyl group to the amount of the piperidyl group-containing compound used is If the production method of the present invention is such that the mass ratio of the amounts used is 0.30 or more and less than 4.60, and chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl ether are continuously or intermittently supplied into the reaction system after starting the polymerization , a fluorine-containing copolymer that has excellent thermal stability, provides excellent gloss of the coating film when used for forming a coating film, and further suppresses coloring of the coating film when used for forming a coating film.
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Abstract
Description
本発明者らが、特許文献1に記載されているような含フッ素共重合体を評価したところ、含フッ素共重合体の熱安定性、並びに、形成される塗膜の光沢性及び着色について、改善の余地があることを知見した。
〔1〕クロロトリフルオロエチレンに基づく単位と、ビニルエーテルに基づく単位とを含む含フッ素共重合体を製造する、含フッ素共重合体の製造方法であって、ラジカル重合開始剤、ピペリジル基含有化合物及びハイドロタルサイトを用いて、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルを含む単量体を重合させて、上記含フッ素共重合体を製造し、上記単量体の全使用量のモル量に対する上記ピペリジル基含有化合物中のピペリジル基のモル量の比が、0.0032~0.010であり、上記ピペリジル基含有化合物の使用量に対する上記ハイドロタルサイトの使用量の質量比が、0.30以上4.60未満であり、上記重合を開始した後に、上記クロロトリフルオロエチレン及び上記ビニルエーテルを反応系内に連続的又は断続的に供給する、含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
〔2〕反応器内で上記重合を行う含フッ素共重合体の製造方法であって、上記重合を開始する前の上記反応器内に溶媒及び上記単量体が存在し、上記重合を開始する前の上記反応器内において、上記溶媒のモル量に対する、上記単量体の合計モル量の比が0.30以上である、〔1〕に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
〔3〕上記ビニルエーテルが、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルを少なくとも含む、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
〔4〕上記架橋性基がヒドロキシ基又はカルボキシ基である、〔3〕に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
〔5〕上記単量体の全使用量に対する上記架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルの使用量が、1~20モル%である、〔3〕に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
〔6〕上記ビニルエーテルが、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテル及び架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルを含み、上記単量体の全使用量に対する上記架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルの使用量が、1~70モル%である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
〔7〕上記単量体の全使用量に対する上記クロロトリフルオロエチレンの使用量のモル比が、30~70モル%である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
〔8〕上記含フッ素共重合体の重量平均分子量が10000~60000である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
〔9〕〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法で製造された含フッ素共重合体を用いて粉体塗料を製造する、粉体塗料の製造方法。
〔10〕〔9〕に記載の粉体塗料の製造方法で製造された粉体塗料を、基材の表面に塗装して塗装層を形成し、上記塗装層を溶融硬化させて塗膜を形成する、塗装物品の製造方法。
「~」を用いて表される数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載される数値を下限値及び上限値として含む範囲を意味する。本明細書に段階的に記載されている数値範囲において、ある数値範囲で記載された上限値又は下限値は、他の段階的な記載の数値範囲の上限値又は下限値に置き換えてもよい。また、本明細書に記載されている数値範囲において、ある数値範囲で記載された上限値又は下限値は、実施例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。
本明細書において、各成分は、各成分に該当する物質を1種単独でも用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。ここで、各成分について2種以上の物質を併用する場合、その成分についての含有量とは、特段の断りが無い限り、併用した物質の合計の含有量を指す。
本明細書において、2以上の好ましい態様の組み合わせは、より好ましい態様である。
単位とは、単量体の重合により直接形成された、上記単量体1分子に基づく原子団と、上記原子団の一部を化学変換して得られる原子団との総称である。重合体が含む全単位に対する、それぞれの単位の含有量(モル%)は、重合体を核磁気共鳴スペクトル法により分析して求められ、重合体の製造に際して使用する成分の仕込み量からも決定できる。
(メタ)アクリルとはアクリルとメタクリルの総称である。
加水分解性シリル基とは、加水分解反応してシラノール基を形成し得る基を意味する。
酸価及び水酸基価は、それぞれ、JIS K 0070-3(1992)の方法に準じて測定される値である。
ガラス転移温度(Tg)は、示差走査熱量測定(DSC)法で測定される、重合体の中間点ガラス転移温度である。
溶融粘度は、回転式レオメータを用いて、昇温速度:10℃/分の条件にて130℃から200℃まで昇温測定する際の、試料の170℃における溶融粘度の値である。
数平均分子量(Mn)及び重量平均分子量(Mw)は、ポリスチレンを標準物質としてサイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー)で測定される値である。また、Mnに対するMwの比は、分子量分布を表し、Mw/Mnともいう。
粒子の平均粒子径は、レーザー回折法を測定原理とした公知の粒度分布測定装置(Sympatec社商品名Helos-Rodos等)を用いて測定される粒度分布より体積平均を算出して求められる50%径の値である。
膜厚は、渦電流式膜厚計(サンコウ電子社商品名EDY-5000等)を用いて測定される値である。
なお、本明細書において単量体とは、1種の単量体のみ、及び、2種以上の単量体を含む態様の両者を意味する。
以下、本製造方法により製造される含フッ素共重合体について説明した後、本製造方法について説明する。
ビニルエーテルは、特定含フッ素共重合体を用いて得られる塗膜の硬度をより向上できる点から、架橋性基を有することが好ましい。
架橋性基の具体例としては、ヒドロキシ基、アミノ基、エポキシ基、オキセタニル基、加水分解性シリル基、スルホ基、及び、カルボキシ基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の基が挙げられ、特定含フッ素共重合体を用いて得られる塗膜の硬度をより向上できる点から、ヒドロキシ基又はカルボキシ基が好ましく、ヒドロキシ基がより好ましい。なお、スルホ基及びカルボキシ基は、イオン化して-SO3 -又は-COO-となっていてもよく、カチオンと塩を形成して-SO3 -Na+又は-COO-Na+等になっていてもよい。
架橋性基の数は、1又は2以上であってもよい。架橋性基は、2種以上を併用してもよい。
ビニルエーテルは、2種以上を併用してもよく、中でも、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルと、架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルと、を併用する態様が好ましい。
ビニルエーテルは、フッ素原子を有していてもよく、フッ素原子を有していなくてもよいが、フッ素原子を有していないことが好ましい。
架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルは、2種以上を併用してもよい。
架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルは、2種以上を併用してもよい。
なお、「-cycloC6H10-」はシクロへキシレン基を表し、「-cycloC6H10-」の結合部位は、通常1,4-である。
ヒドロキシ基を有するビニルエーテルは、2種以上を併用してもよい。
カルボキシ基を有するビニルエーテルは、2種以上を併用してもよい。
ビニルエーテルに基づく単位が架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルに基づく単位を含む場合、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルに基づく単位の含有量は、特定含フッ素共重合体を用いて得られる塗膜の硬度をより向上できる点から、特定含フッ素共重合体の全繰り返し単位に対して、1~20モル%が好ましく、3~20モル%がより好ましく、5~15モル%が更に好ましい。
ビニルエーテルに基づく単位が架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルに基づく単位を含む場合、架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルに基づく単位の含有量は、 特定含フッ素共重合体を用いて得られる塗膜の平滑性をより向上できる点から、特定含フッ素共重合体の全繰り返し単位に対して、1~70モル%が好ましく、5~60モル%がより好ましく、10~50モル%が更に好ましい。
ここで、他の単位を実質的に含まないとは、他の単位の含有量が、特定含フッ素共重合体の全繰り返し単位に対して、0.1モル%以下であることを意味する。
他の単位の具体例としては、クロロトリフルオロエチレン以外のフルオロオレフィンに基づく単位、及び、ビニルエステルに基づく単位が挙げられる。
特定含フッ素共重合体は、特定含フッ素共重合体が含む全単位に対して、クロロトリフルオロエチレンに基づく単位と、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルに基づく単位と、架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルに基づく単位とを、この順に30~70モル%、1~20モル%、1~70モル%含むのが好ましく、この順に45~55モル%、5~15モル%、10~50モル%含むのがより好ましい。
特定含フッ素共重合体が酸価を有する場合、特定含フッ素共重合体の酸価は、0mgKOH/g超10mgKOH/g未満が好ましく、2~8mgKOH/gがより好ましく、3~7mgKOH/gが更に好ましい。
特定含フッ素共重合体のMnは、本発明の効果がより優れる点から、5000~20000が好ましく、6000~18000がより好ましく、7000~16000が更に好ましい。
特定含フッ素共重合体のMw/Mn(分子量分布)は、本発明の効果がより優れる点から、2.0~3.5が好ましく、2.3~3.3がより好ましく、2.5~3.2が更に好ましい。
特定含フッ素共重合体のMw/Mnの調節方法の一例としては、本製造方法において、ピペリジル基含有化合物及びハイドロタルサイト等の使用量を調節する方法、並びに、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルを含む単量体の重合開始後、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルを反応系内に連続的又は断続的に供給する方法が挙げられる。
比Pg/Mが下限値以上であることにより、高温環境下においても、含フッ素共重合体のゲル化の一因ともなり得る含フッ素共重合体の分子量の変化(高分子量化)を抑制でき、含フッ素共重合体の熱安定性が向上したと推測される。
比Pg/Mが上限値以下であることにより、含フッ素共重合体を用いて形成される塗膜におけるピペリジル基含有化合物に由来する着色が抑制されたと推測される。
比H/Pcが上記範囲内であることにより、単量体の重合における企図しない副反応を抑制して含フッ素共重合体の分子量がより均一になるとともに、含フッ素共重合体を塗膜の形成に用いた際に異物の生成が抑制される含フッ素共重合体が製造され、結果として、塗膜の光沢性が向上したと推測される。
また、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルを含む単量体の重合開始後におけるクロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルの反応系内への連続的又は断続的な供給によって、含フッ素共重合体の分子量がより均一になり、含フッ素共重合体を用いて形成される塗膜の光沢性が向上したと推測される。
本製造方法では、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルを含む単量体と、ラジカル重合開始剤と、ピペリジル基含有化合物と、ハイドロタルサイトとが、少なくとも用いられる。
また、本製造方法における、単量体の全使用量に対する、ビニルエーテルの使用量、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルの使用量、及び、架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルの使用量の好適態様は、それぞれ、上述の特定含フッ素共重合体の全繰り返し単位に対するビニルエーテルに基づく単位の含有量、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルに基づく単位の含有量、及び、架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルに基づく単位の含有量の好適態様と同様である。
本製造方法においては、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテル以外の単量体を用いてもよいが、本発明の効果がより優れる点から、単量体としては、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルのみを用いることが好ましい。
単量体の全使用量に対する、クロロトリフルオロエチレン、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテル、及び、架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルのそれぞれの使用量の好適態様は、上述の特定含フッ素共重合体が含む全単位に対する、クロロトリフルオロエチレンに基づく単位、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルに基づく単位、及び、架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルに基づく単位のそれぞれの含有量の好適態様と同様である。
置換基を有するピペリジル基は、テトラ置換ピペリジル基が好ましく、2,2,6,6-テトラ置換ピペリジル基がより好ましい。
ピペリジル基含有化合物としては、ピペリジル基又は置換基を有するピペリジル基を1分子中に2つ以上有するピペリジル基含有化合物が好ましい。
ピペリジル基含有化合物は、2種以上を用いてもよく、2種以上を用いることが好ましい。
ただし、n3は、1~20の整数である。
[Mg2+ 1-xAl3+ x(OH)2]x+[CO3 2- x/2・mH2O]x-
式中、xは、0.2~0.33であり、mは、0~2である。
ハイドロタルサイトは、塩素イオンの吸着性に優れる点及び入手が容易である点から、Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3・4H2O(上述したハイドロタルサイトを表す式において、x=0.25、m=0.5)、又は、Mg4.5Al2(OH)13CO3・3.5H2O(上述したハイドロタルサイトを表す式において、x=0.308、m=0.538)が好ましい。
ハイドロタルサイトは、2種以上を用いてもよい。
ハイドロタルサイトの粒径は、JIS K 0069の「化学製品のふるい分け試験方法」に準じて測定される。
ラジカル重合開始剤としては、過酸化物系開始剤、アゾ系開始剤が挙げられる。
過酸化物系開始剤の具体例としては、シクロヘキサノンペルオキシド、tert-ブチルヒドロペルオキシド、ジベンゾイルペルオキシド、ジ-tert-ブチルペルオキシド、2,2-ジ-(tert-ブチルペルオキシ)ブタン、tert-ブチルペルオキシピバレート、ジイソプロピルペルオキシジカーボネートが挙げられる。
アゾ系開始剤の具体例としては、2,2’-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’-アゾビスシクロヘキサンカーボネートニトリル、2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルブチロニトリル)が挙げられる。
ラジカル重合開始剤は、2種以上を併用してもよい。
溶媒としては、有機溶剤、水、及び、これらの混合溶媒が挙げられ、含フッ素共重合体の製造が容易になる点から、有機溶剤が好ましい。
有機溶剤は、芳香族炭化水素系溶剤、ケトン系溶剤、エステル系溶剤、アルコール系溶剤、エーテルエステル系溶剤からなる群から選択される1種以上の有機溶剤が好ましい。
芳香族炭化水素系溶剤の具体例としては、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼン、芳香族石油ナフサ、テ卜ラリン、テレビン油が挙げられる。芳香族炭化水素系溶剤は、市販品を使用でき、ソルベッソ(登録商標)#100(エクソン化学社製)、ソルベッソ(登録商標)#150(エクソン化学社製)等を使用できる。
ケトン系溶剤の具体例としては、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルアミルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、エチルイソブチルケトン、ジイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、イソホロンが挙げられる。
エステル系溶剤の具体例としては、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸n-プロピル、酢酸イソブチル、酢酸tert-ブチルが挙げられる。
アルコール系溶剤の具体例としては、エタノール、tert-ブチルアルコール、iso-プロピルアルコールが挙げられる。
エーテルエステル系溶剤の具体例としては、3-エトキシプロピオン酸エチル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、酢酸メトキシブチルが挙げられる。
有機溶剤は、2種以上を併用してもよい。
これにより、重合反応が起きている間、反応系内におけるクロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルの濃度が一定に保たれやすくなるので、分子量がより均一であり、本発明の効果がより優れる含フッ素共重合体を製造できる。
本製造方法では、重合の開始前に存在するビニルエーテルの種類は、重合の開始後に反応系に添加されるビニルエーテルの種類と同じである。
反応系とは、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルを含み、重合反応が起きている系を意味し、例えば反応器内に存在する。
本明細書において、単量体の重合開始後に連続的又は断続的に供給される、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルを含む単量体を総称して「追加単量体」ともいう。
また、本製造方法において、追加単量体を断続的に供給するとは、追加単量体を分割して間欠的に添加する方法であって、追加単量体を添加する期間と、追加単量体を添加しない期間と、を交互に繰り返し、追加単量体を添加する期間が2回以上ある添加方法を意味する。
重合開始前(以下、初期ともいう。)に仕込むクロロトリフルオロエチレンの使用量は、重合反応に使用する全てのクロロトリフルオロエチレンの使用量の一部であり、残部は重合開始後の反応系内への連続的又は断続的な供給(以下、連続添加ともいう。)に使用される。同様に、初期に仕込むビニルエーテルの使用量は、重合反応に使用する全てのビニルエーテルの使用量の一部であり、残部は重合開始後の連続添加に使用される。
モル比(Mm/Ma)は、1.00以下が好ましく、0.90以下がより好ましく、0.85以下が更に好ましい。モル比(Mm/Ma)が上記上限値以下であれば、塗料の溶融粘度が良好になり、塗膜の平滑性が良好になることで塗膜に光沢性が向上する。
また、反応系内に連続添加する追加単量体におけるクロロトリフルオロエチレンの量に対するビニルエーテルの量のモル比Bは、0.7~2.0が好ましく、0.8~1.4がより好ましく、0.9~1.1が更に好ましい。
更に、モル比Bに対するモル比Aの比(A/B)は、0.5~1.5が好ましく、0.7~1.3がより好ましく、0.9~1.1が更に好ましい。比(A/B)が上記範囲内にあれば、得られる含フッ素共重合体に含まれる低分子量の成分の量が少なくなる。その結果、含フッ素共重合体の分子量分布を狭くでき、含フッ素共重合体を用いて形成される塗膜の光沢性を向上できる。
単量体の重合に溶媒を用いる場合、重合開始前の反応器内に存在する溶媒のモル量Msに対する、重合開始前の反応器内に存在する単量体の合計モル量Mmの比(Mm/Ms)は、0.30以上が好ましく、0.50以上がより好ましく、0.65以上が更に好ましい。比(Mm/Ms)が上記範囲にあることにより、反応器内の単量体の濃度が高く保たれた状態で重合が開始するので、ポリマー鎖が良好に伸長し、得られる含フッ素共重合体に含まれる低分子量の成分の量が少なくなる。その結果、含フッ素共重合体の分子量分布を狭くでき、含フッ素共重合体を用いて形成される塗膜の光沢性を向上できる。
上記比(Mm/Ms)は、塗膜の平滑性の点から、1.50以下が好ましく、1.45以下がより好ましく、1.00以下が更に好ましい。
また、単量体の重合を開始してから追加単量体を連続添加する単量体の重合が完了するまでの重合時間は、0.5~30時間が好ましく、1~5時間がより好ましい。
不溶解成分の除去方法の具体例としては、ろ過等の固液分離処理が挙げられる。
混合液から溶媒を除去する方法の具体例としては、加熱、蒸留が挙げられる。
ピペリジル基含有化合物の含有量は、特定含フッ素共重合体の全質量に対して、0.3~2.6質量%が好ましく、0.8~2.0質量%がより好ましい。
溶剤は、特定含フッ素共重合体の重合に使用した重合溶媒であってもよく、重合溶媒以外の溶剤であってもよく、重合溶媒と重合溶媒以外の溶剤との混合液であってもよい。
溶剤の具体例としては、上述の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法で挙げた溶剤が挙げられる。
本組成物が溶剤を含む場合、溶剤の含有量は、本組成物の全質量に対して、10~95質量%が好ましく、20~90質量%がより好ましい。
ここで、ハイドロタルサイトを実質的に含まないとは、本組成物の全質量に対するハイドロタルサイトの含有量が0.05質量%以下であることを意味する。
本組成物は、上記以外の成分を含んでいてもよい。
特定含フッ素共重合体を含む組成物が溶剤を含む場合には、溶剤を除去した後に粉体塗料の製造に使用すればよい。
特定含フッ素共重合体の含有量は、本塗料の全質量に対して、30~100質量%が好ましく、40~100質量%がより好ましい。
本塗料がピペリジル基含有化合物を含む場合、ピペリジル基含有化合物の含有量は、本塗料の全質量に対して、0.1~2.6質量%が好ましく、0.15~2.0質量%がより好ましい。
添加剤の具体例としては、顔料、硬化剤、触媒(硬化触媒等)、上記以外の重合体(例えば、ポリエステル樹脂、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂)、フィラー(樹脂ビーズ等)、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、つや消し剤、表面調整剤、脱ガス剤、流動剤、熱安定剤、帯電防止剤、防錆剤、シランカップリング剤、低汚染化処理剤、可塑剤、接着剤等が挙げられる。
また、本塗料の製造方法の一態様としては、特定含フッ素共重合体を含む粉体と、必要に応じて用いられる添加剤の粉体と、を混合して粉体塗料を得る方法が挙げられる。この方法はドライブレンドとも称され、混合に際して溶融混練を行わない方法である。
また、本発明の塗装物品は、基材と、基材上に配置された本塗料から形成されてなる塗膜と有する。
基材の材質の具体例としては、無機物、有機物、有機無機複合材が挙げられる。
無機物の具体例としては、コンクリート、自然石、ガラス、金属(鉄、ステンレス、アルミニウム、銅、真鍮、チタン等)が挙げられる。
有機物の具体例としては、プラスチック、ゴム、接着剤、木材が挙げられる。
有機無機複合材の具体例としては、繊維強化プラスチック、樹脂強化コンクリート、繊維強化コンクリートが挙げられる。
また、基材は、公知の表面処理(化成処理等)が施されていてもよい。また、基材の表面には、プライマー等を塗布して形成される樹脂層(ポリエステル樹脂層、アクリル樹脂層、シリコーン樹脂層等)等を予め有してもよい。
基材の形状の具体例としては、平板状、球状、棒状が挙げられる。
塗装層の形成方法としては、静電塗装法、静電吹付法、静電浸漬法、流動浸漬法、吹付法等の塗装法等が挙げられ、粉体塗装ガンを用いた静電塗装が好ましい。
粉体塗装ガンの具体例としては、コロナ帯電型塗装ガン、摩擦帯電型塗装ガンが挙げられる。コロナ帯電型塗装ガンは、粉体塗料をコロナ放電処理して吹き付ける塗装ガンである。摩擦帯電型塗装ガンは、粉体塗料を摩擦帯電処理して吹き付ける塗装ガンである。
加熱処理時の加熱温度は、120~250℃が好ましい。加熱維持時間は、通常2~60分間である。加熱処理後は、20~25℃まで冷却するのが好ましい。加熱処理及び冷却によって塗装層が溶融及び硬化(溶融硬化)し、本塗膜が形成される。
攪拌機が装着された内容積2500mlのステンレス鋼製耐圧反応器に、20gのピペリジル基含有化合物(BASF製、商品名「TINUVIN292」、ビス(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジル)セバケートとメチル1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジルセバケートとの混合物(質量比3:1))、20gのハイドロタルサイト(協和化学工業社製、商品名「KW500」、粒径45μm以下:38%、45~75μm:35%、75~106μm:21%、106~500μm:6%)、679gのキシレン、118gの4-ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル(以下、HBVEともいう。)、及び453gのシクロヘキシルビニルエーテル(以下、CHVEともいう。)を仕込み、窒素による脱気により液中の溶存酸素を除去した。更に、上記反応器に、536gのクロロトリフルオロエチレン(以下、CTFEともいう。)を導入し、昇温した。反応器内の温度が65℃に達した時点で圧力0.59MPaGを示した。その後、tert-ブチルパーオキシピバレート(以下、PBPVという)5%キシレン溶液2mlを反応器内に添加し、反応を開始させた。
圧力の低下に伴い圧力を維持しつつ、CTFEの110g、CHVEの93g及びHBVEの24gの追加単量体を連続的に反応器内に加えるとともに、ラジカル重合開始剤であるPBPV5%キシレン溶液を断続的に反応器内に添加して、重合を進行させた。重合開始後、反応器内に断続的に添加されたPBPV5%キシレン溶液の合計添加量は、55mlであった。16時間後、反応器を水冷して反応を停止した。
この反応液を室温まで冷却した後、未反応の単量体をパージし、得られた反応液の不溶解成分を、ろ過により除去し、更にキシレンを適量加えて、固形分濃度65%の含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-1)を得た。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-1)には、含フッ素共重合体と、ピペリジル基含有化合物と、キシレンとが含まれていた。
含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-1)に含まれる含フッ素共重合体の組成は、CTFE/CHVE/HBVE(モル%)=50/39/11であった。なお、CTFE/CHVE/HBVE(モル%)=XX/YY/ZZと表す場合、XX、YY及びZZで表される数値は、それぞれ、含フッ素共重合体の全構成単位に対する、CTFE由来の構成単位、CHVE由来の構成単位及びHBVE由来の構成単位のモル比(百分率)を意味する。
攪拌機が装着された内容積2500mlのステンレス鋼製耐圧反応器に、22gのピペリジル基含有化合物(BASF製、商品名「TINUVIN292」、ビス(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジル)セバケートとメチル1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジルセバケートとの混合物(質量比3:1))、22gのハイドロタルサイト(協和化学工業社製、商品名「KW500」、粒径45μm以下:38%、45~75μm:35%、75~106μm:21%、106~500μm:6%)、726gのキシレン、79gのHBVE、及び303gのCHVEを仕込み、窒素による脱気により液中の溶存酸素を除去した。更に、上記反応器に、357gのCTFEを導入し昇温した。反応器内の温度が75℃に達した時点で圧力0.55MPaGを示した。その後、PBPVの20%キシレン溶液6mlを反応器内に添加し、反応を開始させた。
圧力の低下に伴い圧力を維持しつつ、CTFEの350g、CHVEの297g、HBVEの78gの追加単量体を連続的に反応器内に加えるとともに、ラジカル重合開始剤であるPBPVの20%キシレン溶液を断続的に反応器内に添加することで重合を進行させた。重合開始後、反応器内に断続的に添加されたPBPV20%キシレン溶液の合計添加量は、25mlであった。16時間後、反応器を水冷して反応を停止した。
この反応液を室温まで冷却した後、未反応の単量体をパージし、得られた反応液の不溶解成分を、ろ過により除去し、更にキシレンを適量加えて、固形分濃度65%の含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-2)を得た。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-2)には、含フッ素共重合体と、ピペリジル基含有化合物と、キシレンとが含まれていた。
含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-2)に含まれる含フッ素共重合体の組成は、CTFE/CHVE/HBVE(モル%)=50/39/11であった。
各成分の使用量及び重合温度を表1の通りにした以外は、例2と同様にして、含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-3)~(A-5)を得た。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-3)~(A-5)のいずれにも、含フッ素共重合体と、ピペリジル基含有化合物と、キシレンとが含まれていた。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-3)~(A-5)に含まれる含フッ素共重合体の組成はいずれも、CTFE/CHVE/HBVE(モル%)=50/39/11であった。
各成分の使用量及び重合温度を表1の通りにした以外は、例1と同様にして、含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-6)~(A-9)を得た。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-6)~(A-9)のいずれにも、含フッ素共重合体と、ピペリジル基含有化合物と、キシレンとが含まれていた。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-6)~(A-9)に含まれる含フッ素共重合体の組成はいずれも、CTFE/CHVE/HBVE(モル%)=50/39/11であった。
攪拌機が装着された内容積2500mlのステンレス鋼製耐圧反応器に、12.4gのピペリジル基含有化合物(BASF製、商品名「TINUVIN144」、ビス(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジル)[[3,5-ビス(1,1-ジメチルエチル)-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]メチル]ブチルマロネート)、929gのキシレン、212gのエチルビニルエーテル(以下、EVEともいう。)、132gのHBVE、及び214gのCHVEを仕込み、窒素による脱気により液中の溶存酸素を除去した。更に、上記反応器に、677gのCTFEを導入し昇温した。反応器内の温度が65℃に達した時点で、PBPV27.9%キシレン溶液2.5mlを反応器内に添加して重合を開始した。
重合を開始した後、PBPV27.9%キシレン溶液を断続的に反応器内に添加することで重合を進行させた。重合開始後、反応器内に断続的に添加されたPBPV27.9%キシレン溶液の合計添加量は、50mlであった。10時間後、反応器を水冷して反応を停止した。
この反応液を室温まで冷却した後、未反応の単量体をパージし、得られた反応液の不溶解成分をろ過により除去し、得られたろ液に更にキシレンを適量加えて、固形分濃度60.7%の含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-10)を得た。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-10)には、含フッ素共重合体と、ピペリジル基含有化合物と、キシレンとが含まれていた。
含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-10)に含まれる含フッ素共重合体の組成は、CTFE/EVE/CHVE/HBVE(モル%)=50/25/15/10であった。
各成分の使用量及び重合温度を表1の通りにした以外は、例1と同様にして、含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-11)~(A-13)を得た。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-11)~(A-13)のいずれにも、含フッ素共重合体と、ピペリジル基含有化合物と、キシレンとが含まれていた。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-11)~(A-13)に含まれる含フッ素共重合体の組成はいずれも、CTFE/CHVE/HBVE(モル%)=50/39/11であった。
各成分の使用量及び重合温度を表1の通りにした以外は、例10と同様にして、含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-14)を得た。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-14)のいずれにも、含フッ素共重合体と、ピペリジル基含有化合物と、キシレンとが含まれていた。含フッ素共重合体溶液(A-14)に含まれる含フッ素共重合体の組成はいずれも、CTFE/CHVE/HBVE(モル%)=50/39/11であった。
各例の含フッ素共重合体溶液にテトラヒドロフラン(以下、THFともいう。)を添加して、含フッ素共重合体の濃度が1質量%になるように希釈した溶液を得た。得られた溶液を孔径0.45μmの親水性PTFEメンブレンフィルターでろ過した後、ろ過後の溶液(測定用溶液)1.5mlを容量2mlのバイアルクリヤーガラスに充填した。
次いで、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーを用いて、溶出時間とRI(示差屈折検出器)による検出強度とから得られる特定含フッ素共重合体の溶出曲線(クロマトグラム)を求めた。次いで、ポリスチレンの検量線を用いて、得られた溶出曲線の保持時間から含フッ素共重合体のMw、Mn、Mw/Mnを求めた。結果を表1に示す。また、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーの測定条件を以下に示す。
装置:HLC-8320GPC(東ソー社製)
分析カラム:Shodex GPC KF-806M(昭和電工社製)2本、Shodex GPC KF-802(昭和電工社製)1本を連結して使用
カラムオーブン:40℃
ポンプオーブン:40℃
溶離液:テトラヒドロフラン
流量:1.0ml/分
検出器:RI
検量線サンプル:EasiCal PS-1(ポリスチレン、Agilent社製)
検量線分子量範囲:580~570000
各例の含フッ素共重合体溶液の50gを耐熱容器に入れて、70℃設定のオーブンに入れた。オーブンに入れてから14日間経過後にオーブンより耐熱容器を取り出した。加熱試験後の含フッ素共重合体溶液にTHFを添加して、含フッ素共重合体の濃度が1質量%になるように希釈した溶液を調製し、上記の測定方法に従って、含フッ素共重合体の分子量を測定した。
加熱試験前の含フッ素共重合体の重量平均分子量(Mw1)に対する加熱試験後の含フッ素共重合体の重量平均分子量(Mw2)の比を、Mw変化率(=Mw2/Mw1)として算出した。算出されたMw変化率から、下記の評価基準に従って含フッ素共重合体の熱安定性を評価した。評価結果を表1に示す。
〇:Mw変化率が1.3未満。
△:Mw変化率が1.3以上1.5未満。
×:Mw変化率が1.5以上。
真空乾燥器を用いて65℃の減圧加熱下で各例の含フッ素共重合体溶液を3時間保持し、続いて130℃の減圧加熱下で20分間保持して、揮発分を除去し、各例の含フッ素共重合体組成物を得た。得られた各例の含フッ素共重合体組成物を粉砕機によって粉末にした。
次いで、各例の粉末状の含フッ素共重合体組成物を用いて、以下の手順により粉末状の混合物を調製した。粉末状の含フッ素共重合体組成物100質量部に対して、酸化チタン(デュポン社製、Ti-Pure(登録商標)R960)67質量部、ブロック化イソシアネート系硬化剤(エポニック社製、ベスタゴン(登録商標)B1530)25質量部、硬化触媒であるジブチルスズジラウレートのキシレン溶液(10,000倍希釈品)0.012質量部、脱ガス剤であるベンゾイン0.8質量部、表面調整剤(ビックケミー社製、BYK(登録商標)-360P)2質量部を加え、高速ミキサ(佑崎有限公司社製)を用いて、10~30分間程度混合し、粉末状の混合物をそれぞれ得た。
次に、2軸押出機(サーモプリズム社製、16mm押出機)を用いて、120℃のバレル設定温度にて、粉末状の混合物を溶融混練して、ペレットを得た。得られたペレットを粉砕機(FRITSCH社製、ロータースピードミルP14)を用いて常温で粉砕し、150メッシュのふるいによって分級して、平均粒子径が約40μmの粉体塗料組成物を得た。
それぞれの粉体塗料組成物を用いて、クロメート処理を行ったアルミニウム板の一面に、静電塗装機(小野田セメント社製、GX3600C)にて静電塗装を行い、200℃の雰囲気中で20分間保持した。加熱後、各例に対応する塗装層付きアルミニウム板を放置して室温まで冷却し、膜厚55~65μmの塗膜(硬化膜)付きアルミニウム板を得た。
光沢計(日本電色工業社製、PG-1M)を用いて、塗膜付きアルミニウム板の製造から24時間後に、塗膜の表面の20°光沢値を測定した。得られた光沢値から、下記の評価基準に従って塗膜の光沢性を評価した。評価結果を表1に示す。
〇:20°光沢値が40以上。
×:20°光沢値が40未満。
色差計(日本電色工業社製、SE-7700)を用いて、塗膜付きアルミニウム板の製造から24時間後に、塗膜の表面のb*値を測定した。なおb*値は、JIS Z8729で規定されるL*a*b*表色系における色座標の1つである。測定されたb*値から、下記の評価基準に従って塗膜の着色を評価した。評価結果を表1に示す。
〇:b*値が1.6未満。
×:b*値が1.6以上。
下記表中、H/Pcは、ピペリジル基含有化合物の使用量に対するハイドロタルサイトの使用量の質量比を表す。
下記表中、Mm/Msは、重合を開始する前の反応器内において、溶媒のモル量Msに対する、全単量体の合計モル量Mmの比を表す。
下記表中、組成1欄に表される数値は、紙面左側から順に、各例で製造された含フッ素共重合体の全構成単位に対する、CTFE由来の構成単位、CHVE由来の構成単位及びHBVE由来の構成単位のモル比(百分率)をそれぞれ意味する。組成2欄に表される数値は、紙面左側から順に、各例で製造された含フッ素共重合体の全構成単位に対する、CTFE由来の構成単位、EVE由来の構成単位、CHVE由来の構成単位及びHBVE由来の構成単位のモル比(百分率)をそれぞれ表す。
なお、2022年7月5日に出願された日本特許出願2022-108313号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の明細書の開示として、取り入れるものである。
Claims (10)
- クロロトリフルオロエチレンに基づく単位と、ビニルエーテルに基づく単位とを含む含フッ素共重合体を製造する、含フッ素共重合体の製造方法であって、
ラジカル重合開始剤、ピペリジル基含有化合物及びハイドロタルサイトを用いて、クロロトリフルオロエチレン及びビニルエーテルを含む単量体を重合させて、前記含フッ素共重合体を製造し、
前記単量体の全使用量のモル量に対する前記ピペリジル基含有化合物中のピペリジル基のモル量の比が、0.0032~0.010であり、
前記ピペリジル基含有化合物の使用量に対する前記ハイドロタルサイトの使用量の質量比が、0.30以上4.60未満であり、
前記重合を開始した後に、前記クロロトリフルオロエチレン及び前記ビニルエーテルを反応系内に連続的又は断続的に供給することを特徴とする、含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。 - 反応器内で前記重合を行う含フッ素共重合体の製造方法であって、
前記重合を開始する前の前記反応器内に溶媒及び前記単量体が存在し、
前記重合を開始する前の前記反応器内において、前記溶媒のモル量に対する、前記単量体の合計モル量の比が0.30以上である、請求項1に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。 - 前記ビニルエーテルが、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルを少なくとも含む、請求項1又は2に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記架橋性基がヒドロキシ基又はカルボキシ基である、請求項3に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記単量体の全使用量に対する前記架橋性基を有するビニルエーテルの使用量が、1~20モル%である、請求項3に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記ビニルエーテルが、架橋性基を有するビニルエーテル及び架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルを含み、
前記単量体の全使用量に対する前記架橋性基を有しないビニルエーテルの使用量が、1~70モル%である、請求項1又は2に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。 - 前記単量体の全使用量に対する前記クロロトリフルオロエチレンの使用量のモル比が、30~70モル%である、請求項1又は2に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記含フッ素共重合体の重量平均分子量が10000~60000である、請求項1又は2に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の含フッ素共重合体の製造方法で製造された含フッ素共重合体を用いて粉体塗料を製造することを特徴とする、粉体塗料の製造方法。
- 請求項9に記載の粉体塗料の製造方法で製造された粉体塗料を、基材の表面に塗装して塗装層を形成し、前記塗装層を溶融硬化させて塗膜を形成することを特徴とする、塗装物品の製造方法。
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| PCT/JP2023/021769 Ceased WO2024009697A1 (ja) | 2022-07-05 | 2023-06-12 | 含フッ素共重合体の製造方法、粉体塗料の製造方法、塗装物品の製造方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPWO2024009697A1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN119487082A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW202402815A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2024009697A1 (ja) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05163457A (ja) * | 1991-12-12 | 1993-06-29 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 樹脂組成物 |
| WO2015056751A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | 旭硝子株式会社 | フルオロオレフィン共重合体含有溶液組成物、その製造方法および塗料組成物 |
| WO2016080220A1 (ja) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-05-26 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 粉体塗料用フルオロオレフィン共重合体粉末の製造方法、粉体塗料用組成物、粉体塗料および塗装物品 |
| WO2017122701A1 (ja) * | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-20 | 旭硝子株式会社 | フッ素樹脂含有溶液、フッ素樹脂含有溶液の製造方法、塗料組成物および塗装物品 |
-
2023
- 2023-06-12 JP JP2024531974A patent/JPWO2024009697A1/ja active Pending
- 2023-06-12 CN CN202380051214.9A patent/CN119487082A/zh active Pending
- 2023-06-12 WO PCT/JP2023/021769 patent/WO2024009697A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-19 TW TW112122943A patent/TW202402815A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05163457A (ja) * | 1991-12-12 | 1993-06-29 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 樹脂組成物 |
| WO2015056751A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | 旭硝子株式会社 | フルオロオレフィン共重合体含有溶液組成物、その製造方法および塗料組成物 |
| WO2016080220A1 (ja) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-05-26 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 粉体塗料用フルオロオレフィン共重合体粉末の製造方法、粉体塗料用組成物、粉体塗料および塗装物品 |
| WO2017122701A1 (ja) * | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-20 | 旭硝子株式会社 | フッ素樹脂含有溶液、フッ素樹脂含有溶液の製造方法、塗料組成物および塗装物品 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202402815A (zh) | 2024-01-16 |
| CN119487082A (zh) | 2025-02-18 |
| JPWO2024009697A1 (ja) | 2024-01-11 |
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