WO2024007359A1 - 人造板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
人造板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024007359A1 WO2024007359A1 PCT/CN2022/105622 CN2022105622W WO2024007359A1 WO 2024007359 A1 WO2024007359 A1 WO 2024007359A1 CN 2022105622 W CN2022105622 W CN 2022105622W WO 2024007359 A1 WO2024007359 A1 WO 2024007359A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plant
- artificial board
- artificial
- plant fiber
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
- B27N3/12—Moulding of mats from fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of wood processing, and in particular to an artificial board and a preparation method thereof.
- Adhesives mainly include natural adhesives and synthetic adhesives including resin adhesives. Due to the low strength of natural adhesives, the mechanical properties of the artificial panels produced are poor. Most artificial panels use synthetic adhesives during processing, and the most commonly used one is resin adhesive. These resin adhesives will cause environmental pollution during the production process, and during use, they will continue to release toxic volatile substances such as formaldehyde, causing environmental pollution and serious health risks.
- the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an artificial board that does not use resin adhesive during the production process and has excellent mechanical properties.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing artificial panels, which includes the following steps:
- the plant fiber is activated with a non-derivatized solvent to obtain a plant fiber solution.
- the plant fiber is a broken or non-broken plant cell.
- the plant fiber solution and plant particles are mixed and shaped, and then dried, soaked, cleaned, and left to stand in order to obtain an artificial board.
- the plant particles are wood particles and/or herb particles containing plant fibers, and the particle size of the plant particles is 2 meshes to 1000 meshes.
- the mass ratio of plant particles to plant fiber solution is (50.1-99.9): (0.1-49.9).
- the content of plant fiber in the plant fiber solution is 0.1%wt-20%wt.
- the content of plant fiber in the plant fiber solution is 1%wt-10%wt.
- the non-derivatized solvent is selected from a mixed solution of lithium chloride and dimethylacetamide, an ionic liquid, a mixed solution of alkali and urea, and an N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide solution. of at least one.
- the temperature of the activation treatment is -20°C-150°C, and the time of the activation treatment is 5 minutes-72 hours.
- the operations of drying and soaking and cleaning are performed at least twice in sequence.
- plant particles and activated plant fibers are connected through hydrogen bonds to prepare an artificial board without the use of resin adhesives. And because the plant fibers in the plant fiber solution have been activated to expose a large number of hydroxyl groups, they can more easily produce stronger cross-linking with plant particles, thus giving the artificial panels excellent mechanical properties.
- the present invention also provides an artificial panel, which is prepared by the above-mentioned artificial panel preparation method.
- the density of the artificial board is 0.05g/cm 3 -1.6g/cm 3
- the bending strength of the artificial board is 1Mpa-200Mpa
- the D-type Shore hardness of the artificial board is 5HSD-85HSD.
- the artificial board provided by the invention does not contain resin adhesive and has excellent mechanical properties.
- Figure 1 is a photo of the artificial board prepared in Example 1;
- Figure 2 is a photo of the artificial board prepared in Example 2;
- Figure 3 is a photo of the artificial board prepared in Example 3.
- Figure 4 is the rheological properties of the plant fiber solution prepared in Example 1;
- Figure 5 is the bending strength of the artificial panel prepared in Example 4.
- Figure 6 is a scanning electron microscope image of the cross-section of the artificial panel produced in Example 5.
- a method for preparing artificial boards including the following steps:
- the plant fiber is activated with a non-derivatized solvent to obtain a plant fiber solution.
- the plant fiber is a broken or non-broken plant cell.
- the plant fiber solution and plant particles are mixed and shaped, and then dried, soaked, cleaned, and left to stand in order to obtain an artificial board.
- the present invention adjusts the microstructure of micron-level plant fibers, destroys the naturally existing hydrogen bonds of plant fibers, and prepares a plant fiber solution.
- the dissolved plant fibers expose more hydroxyl groups, so they can be more easily cross-linked with plant particles. .
- Plant fibers and plant particles are cross-linked to form a three-dimensional structure. Without using any resin adhesive, an artificial board with high strength, high modulus, high hardness and high water resistance is obtained.
- the plant fiber at least includes cellulose.
- the plant fiber may also contain hemicellulose and/or lignin.
- the manufactured artificial board has higher hardness.
- the operations of drying and soaking and cleaning are performed at least twice in sequence. Plant fibers will actively shrink during the drying process to form a dense structure. Through repeated drying and soaking and cleaning, the shaped plant fibers and plant particles are more fully cross-linked and connected, making the artificial board denser.
- the plant particles are wood particles and/or herb particles containing plant fibers, and the particle size of the plant particles is 2 meshes to 1000 meshes.
- the mass ratio of plant particles to plant fiber solution is (30-90): (10-70).
- the artificial panels produced under this mass ratio have excellent mechanical properties.
- the content of plant fiber in the plant fiber solution is 0.1%wt-20%wt.
- the content of plant fiber in the plant fiber solution is 1%wt-10%wt.
- the plant fiber content in the plant fiber solution is within this range, better cross-linking strength can be achieved between the plant particles and the plant fibers.
- the non-derivatized solvent is selected from a mixed solution of lithium chloride and dimethylacetamide, an ionic liquid, a mixed solution of alkali and urea, and an N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide solution. of at least one.
- ionic liquids refer to liquid salts composed of organic cations and organic or inorganic anions
- deep eutectic solvents refer to liquid solvents formed by hydrogen bonding interactions between two or more solid or liquid substances.
- lithium ions and dimethylacetamide form a composite cation structure in the mixed solution of lithium chloride and dimethylacetamide.
- the chloride ions in the system form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups in the plant fibers, thus Breaks hydrogen bonds between and within cellulose molecules.
- the temperature of the activation treatment is -20°C-150°C, and the time of the activation treatment is 5 minutes-72 hours.
- plant particles and activated plant fibers are connected through hydrogen bonds to produce artificial boards.
- resin adhesives no toxic and harmful gases are produced throughout the life cycle, and it can be naturally degraded.
- plant fibers expose a large number of hydroxyl groups after activation treatment, they can more easily produce stronger cross-links with plant particles, thus giving artificial boards excellent mechanical properties.
- This method uses a plant fiber solution to cross-link with plant particles.
- the source of plant fiber is abundant and the price is low.
- This method has strong operability, high application value, simple operation and can be produced on a large scale.
- the shaping of plant fibers and plant particles does not require mechanical external assistance, which is low-cost, time-consuming and energy-consuming.
- the present invention also provides an artificial panel, which is prepared by the above-mentioned artificial panel preparation method.
- the density of the artificial board is 0.05g/cm 3 -1.6g/cm 3
- the bending strength of the artificial board is 1Mpa-200Mpa
- the D-type Shore hardness of the artificial board is 5HSD-85HSD.
- the artificial board provided by the invention does not contain resin adhesive and has excellent mechanical properties.
- Example 1 uses filter paper pulp as the source of plant fiber, and uses a solution of lithium chloride in dimethylacetamide to activate the plant fiber. The specific steps are as follows:
- the crude artificial board was dried at 40°C for 48 hours, and then soaked and cleaned with water. Repeat the steps of drying and soaking and cleaning three times, and then left to stand for 24 hours at 0.1Mpa and 50°C to obtain artificial Board, the structure of artificial board is shown in Figure 1.
- Example 2 uses filtered microcrystalline cellulose as the source of plant fiber, and uses a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and urea to activate the plant fiber. The specific steps are as follows:
- the crude artificial board was dried at 25°C for 48 hours, and then soaked and cleaned with water. Repeat the steps of drying and soaking and cleaning three times, and then left to stand for 24 hours at 0.5Mpa and 50°C to obtain artificial Board, the structure of artificial board is shown in Figure 2.
- Example 3 uses dissolving pulp as the source of plant fiber, and uses N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide solution to activate the plant fiber. The specific steps are as follows:
- Example 4 uses dissolving pulp as the source of plant fiber, and uses a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and urea to activate the plant fiber. The specific steps are as follows:
- the crude artificial board was dried at 40°C for 48 hours, and then soaked and cleaned with water. Repeat the steps of drying and soaking and cleaning three times, and then left to stand for 24 hours at 0.6Mpa and 50°C to obtain artificial plate.
- Example 5 uses hardwood pulp as the source of plant fiber, and uses N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide solution to activate the plant fiber. The specific steps are as follows:
- Embodiment 6 uses hardwood pulp as the source of plant fiber, and uses N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide solution to activate the plant fiber. The specific steps are as follows:
- the crude artificial board is dried at 40°C for 48 hours, and then soaked and cleaned with water. The steps of drying and soaking and cleaning are repeated three times, and then left to stand for 24 hours at 300Mpa and 50°C to obtain the artificial board. .
- Example 7 uses hardwood pulp as the source of plant fiber, and uses 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride solution to activate the plant fiber. The specific steps are as follows:
- Example 8 uses dissolving pulp as the source of plant fiber, and uses a solution of lithium chloride in dimethylacetamide to activate the plant fiber. The specific steps are as follows:
- test methods and test data are as follows:
- Rheological properties HAAKE MARS60 rheometer was used for rheological properties testing.
- the test mode was dynamic viscosity test (rotation mode).
- the shear rate range of the test was 0.1s -1 -1000s -1 and the temperature was constant 25°C.
- Micromorphology The cross section of the artificial panel prepared in Example 5 was gold-plated, and then the morphology of the whole plant artificial panel was characterized using a scanning electron microscope produced by Zeiss, Germany, with an accelerating voltage of 5 kV.
- the micromorphology of the artificial board prepared in Example 5 is shown in Figure 6. As can be seen from Figure 6, the plant fibers in the artificial panels are bent, deformed and tightly entangled, forming a dense structure.
- Density Use an analytical balance to measure the mass of the material, use the liquid drainage method to measure the volume of the material, and obtain the density of the artificial board through the ratio of its mass to volume.
- D-type Shore hardness Press the D-type Shore hardness meter flatly on the surface of the sample, and record the reading after the value is stable.
- Bending strength Tested using Shandong Wanchen Micro Electronic Universal Testing Machine (CMT4104).
- CMT4104 Shandong Wanchen Micro Electronic Universal Testing Machine
- the sample size is 70mm*6mm*3mm
- the distance between the two lower rollers of the bending fixture is 34mm
- the bending strength and bending strain of the artificial panel prepared in Example 4 are shown in Figure 5. It can be seen from Figure 5 that the maximum bending strength of the artificial panel prepared in Example 4 is 24Mpa, and the corresponding bending strength is approximately 3.0%, indicating that the artificial panel prepared in Example 4 has high bending strength and flexural modulus. .
- the density of the artificial boards prepared in Examples 1-8 is 0.05g/cm 3 -1.6g/cm 3
- the bending strength of the artificial boards is 1Mpa-200Mpa
- the D-type Shore hardness of the artificial boards It is 5HSD-85HSD, indicating that the artificial panel of the technical solution of the present invention has excellent mechanical properties.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
一种人造板及其制备方法,制备方法包括如下步骤:用非衍生化溶剂对植物纤维进行活化处理,得到植物纤维溶液,植物纤维为破壁或非破壁的植物细胞。之后,将植物纤维溶液与植物颗粒混匀塑型,之后依次进行干燥处理、浸泡清洗处理和静置处理,得到人造板。该方法中,植物颗粒与经活化处理的植物纤维通过氢键交联制得人造板,无需使用树脂胶合剂,生产和使用过程中无毒无害。且由于植物纤维溶液中的植物纤维经过活化处理暴露出大量羟基,可以更容易地与植物颗粒产生更强的交联,从而赋予人造板具有优异的力学性能。
Description
本发明涉及木材加工领域,特别是涉及一种人造板及其制备方法。
木材的需求量一直在逐年增长,发展人造板工业是提高木材利用率、节约木材资源的主要途径。目前人造板制造工艺中,首先将木材或其他草本植物破碎制成碎料颗粒,然后施加化工胶粘剂在温度和压力作用下胶合成人造板,根据植物原料不同又可分为胶合板、碎料板、纤维板等。
据统计,我国具有巨大的人造板市场规模,年产量超过千万。然而,目前人造板加工技术中,为使木材或其他植物原料制成的碎料颗粒能够胶合成型,必须使用大量胶合剂。据调查我国木材胶合剂用量已过万吨,胶合剂主要包括天然胶合剂和包括树脂胶合剂在内的合成类胶合剂。由于天然胶合剂粘剂强度低,制得的人造板力学性能较差,大部分人造板加工时都使用合成类胶合剂,最常用的就是树脂胶合剂。这些树脂胶合剂在生产过程中会造成环境污染,且在使用过程中,会持续释放甲醛等有毒挥发性物质,造成环境污染和严重的健康风险。
因此,制造一种不含树脂胶合剂且力学性能优异的人造板,对建筑行业和家装行业有巨大意义和商业前景。
发明内容
本发明实施例所要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种人造板,在生产过程中不使用树脂胶合剂且具有较优的力学性能。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种人造板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
用非衍生化溶剂对植物纤维进行活化处理,得到植物纤维溶液,植物纤维为破壁或非破壁的植物细胞。
将植物纤维溶液与植物颗粒混匀塑型,之后依次进行干燥处理、浸泡清洗处理和静置处理,得到人造板。
在一种可能的实现方式中,植物颗粒为含有植物纤维的木材颗粒和/或草本颗粒,且植物颗粒的粒径为2目-1000目。
在一种可能的实现方式中,植物颗粒与植物纤维溶液的质量比为(50.1-99.9):(0.1-49.9)。
在一种可能的实现方式中,植物纤维溶液中植物纤维的含量为0.1%wt-20%wt。
在一种可能的实现方式中,植物纤维溶液中植物纤维的含量为1%wt-10%wt。
在一种可能的实现方式中,非衍生溶剂选自氯化锂和二甲基乙酰胺的混合溶液、离子液体、碱和尿素的混合溶液和N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物溶液中的至少一种。
在一种可能的实现方式中,活化处理的温度为-20℃-150℃,活化处理的时间为5min-72h。
在一种可能的实现方式中,在进行静置处理前,将依次进行干燥处理、浸泡清洗处理的操作进行至少两次。
本方法中,植物颗粒与经活化处理的植物纤维通过氢键相连制得人造板,无需使用树脂胶合剂。且由于植物纤维溶液中的植物纤维经过活化处理暴露出大量羟基,可以更容易地与植物颗粒产生更强的交联,从而赋予人造板具有优异的力学性能。
相应地,本发明还提供了一种人造板,由上述人造板的制备方法制得。
在一种可能的实现方式中,人造板的密度为0.05g/cm
3-1.6g/cm
3,人造板的弯曲强度为1Mpa-200Mpa,人造板的D型肖氏硬度为5HSD-85HSD。
本发明所提供的人造板中不含树脂胶合剂且具有优异的力学性能。
图1是实施例1制得的人造板的照片;
图2是实施例2制得的人造板的照片;
图3是实施例3制得的人造板的照片;
图4是实施例1制得的植物纤维溶液的流变性能;
图5是实施例4制得的人造板的弯曲强度;
图6是实施例5制得的人造板的截面的扫描电镜图。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进,因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
一种人造板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
用非衍生化溶剂对植物纤维进行活化处理,得到植物纤维溶液,植物纤维为破壁或非破壁的植物细胞。
将植物纤维溶液与植物颗粒混匀塑型,之后依次进行干燥处理、浸泡清洗处理和静置处理,得到人造板。
本发明通过调节微米级植物纤维的微结构,破坏植物纤维天然存在的氢键,制得植物纤维溶液,溶解后的植物纤维暴露出更多的羟基,因此可以更容易地与植物颗粒产生交联。植物纤维和植物颗粒相互交联组成三维结构体,在不使用任何树脂胶合剂的情况下,得到具有高强度、高模量、高硬度和高耐水性的人造板。
在上述各原料中,植物纤维至少包括纤维素,在一种可能的实现方式中,植物纤维还可能含有半纤维素和/或木质素。优选地,当植物纤维为纤维素时,制得的人造板具有更高的硬度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,在进行静置处理前,将依次进行干燥处理、浸泡清洗处理的操作进行至少两次。植物纤维在干燥处理中会主动收缩,形成致密的结构。通过反复的干燥处理和浸泡清洗处理,使塑型后的植物纤维和植物颗粒进行更充分的交联和勾连,使人造板更加致密。
在一种可能的实现方式中,植物颗粒为含有植物纤维的木材颗粒和/或草本颗粒,且植物颗粒的粒径为2目-1000目。
在一种可能的实现方式中,植物颗粒与植物纤维溶液的质量比为(30-90):(10-70)。在该质量比下制得的人造板具有较优的力学性能。
在一种可能的实现方式中,植物纤维溶液中植物纤维的含量为0.1%wt-20%wt。
在一种可能的实现方式中,植物纤维溶液中植物纤维的含量为1%wt-10%wt。当植物纤维溶液中的植物纤维含量处于此范围内,能够使植物颗粒和植物纤维之间具有较优的交联强度。
在一种可能的实现方式中,非衍生溶剂选自氯化锂和二甲基乙酰胺的混合溶液、离子液体、碱和尿素的混合溶液和N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物溶液中的至少一种。
上述各原料中,离子液体是指由有机阳离子和有机或无机阴离子组成的液态的盐;低共熔溶剂是指由两种或多种固体或液体物质通过氢键相互作用形成的液体溶剂。
在上述各原料中,氯化锂和二甲基乙酰胺的混合溶液中锂离子和二甲基乙酰胺形成复合阳离子结构,此时体系中的氯离子与植物纤维中的羟基形成氢键,从而破坏纤维素分子间和内的氢键。
在一种可能的实现方式中,活化处理的温度为-20℃-150℃,活化处理的时间为5min-72h。
本方法中,植物颗粒与经活化处理的植物纤维通过氢键相连制得人造板,无需使用树脂胶合剂,全生命使用周期不产生任何有毒有害气体,可自然降解。且由于植物纤维经过活化处理暴露出大量羟基,可以更容易地与植物颗粒产生更强的交联,从而赋予人造板具有优异的力学性能。
本方法使用植物纤维溶液与植物颗粒交联,植物纤维来源丰富,价格低廉,使本方法的可操作性强、应用价值高、操作简单且可大规模生产。另一方面,在本方法中,植物纤维和植物颗粒的塑型不需要机械外力辅助,成本低且耗时耗能少。
相应地,本发明还提供了一种人造板,由上述人造板的制备方法制得。
在一种可能的实现方式中,人造板的密度为0.05g/cm
3-1.6g/cm
3,人造板的弯曲强度为1Mpa-200Mpa,人造板的D型肖氏硬度为5HSD-85HSD。
本发明所提供的人造板中不含树脂胶合剂且具有优异的力学性能。
参照上述实施内容,为了使得本发明的技术方案更加具体清楚、易于理解,现对本发明技术方案进行举例,但是需要说明的是,本发明所要保护的内容不限于以下实施例1-实施例8。
实施例1
实施例1以滤纸浆为植物纤维来源,使用氯化锂的二甲基乙酰胺溶液 对植物纤维进行活化处理,具体步骤如下:
将17g滤纸浆与412g浓度为8%wt的氯化锂的二甲基乙酰胺溶液混合,在100℃下搅拌5小时后取出,恢复至室温,得到植物纤维溶液。
将17g植物纤维溶液与68g粒径为40目的木粉混合均匀,之后置于玻璃皿中塑型,得到粗制人造板。
将粗制人造板在40℃下进行干燥处理48h,之后用水进行浸泡清洗处理,重复干燥处理和浸泡清洗处理的步骤3次,之后在0.1Mpa,50℃的条件下静置处理24h,得到人造板,人造板的结构如图1所示。
实施例2
实施例2以滤微晶纤维素为植物纤维来源,使用氢氧化钠和尿素的混合溶液对植物纤维进行活化处理,具体步骤如下:
将51g微晶纤维素与624g浓度为7%wt的氢氧化钠和12%wt的尿素的混合溶液混合均匀,-20℃下搅拌3小时后取出,恢复至室温,得到植物纤维溶液。
将10g植物纤维溶液与78g粒径为80目的木屑混合均匀,之后置于玻璃皿中塑型,得到粗制人造板。
将粗制人造板在25℃下进行干燥处理48h,之后用水进行浸泡清洗处理,重复干燥处理和浸泡清洗处理的步骤3次,之后在0.5Mpa,50℃的条件下静置处理24h,得到人造板,人造板的结构如图2所示。
实施例3
实施例3以溶解浆为植物纤维来源,使用N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物溶液对植物纤维进行活化处理,具体步骤如下:
将11g溶解浆与351g浓度为50%wt的N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物溶液混合均匀,80℃下搅拌3小时后取出,恢复至室温,得到植物纤维溶液。
将448g植物纤维溶液与15g粒径为20目的秸秆粉混合均匀,之后置于玻璃皿中塑型,得到粗制人造板。
将粗制人造板在60℃下进行干燥处理48h,之后用水进行浸泡清洗处理,重复干燥处理和浸泡清洗处理的步骤3次,之后在212Mpa,50℃的条件下静置处理24h,得到人造板,人造板的结构如图3所示。
实施例4
实施例4以溶解浆为植物纤维来源,使用氢氧化钠和尿素的混合溶液对植物纤维进行活化处理,具体步骤如下:
将21g溶解浆与651g浓度为7%wt的氢氧化钠和12%wt的尿素的混合溶液混合均匀,80℃下搅拌3小时后取出,恢复至室温,得到植物纤维溶液。
将35g植物纤维溶液与78g粒径为40目的秸秆粉混合均匀,之后置于玻璃皿中塑型,得到粗制人造板。
将粗制人造板在40℃下进行干燥处理48h,之后用水进行浸泡清洗处理,重复干燥处理和浸泡清洗处理的步骤3次,之后在0.6Mpa,50℃的条件下静置处理24h,得到人造板。
实施例5
实施例5以阔叶木浆为植物纤维来源,使用N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物溶液对植物纤维进行活化处理,具体步骤如下:
将21g阔叶木浆与651g浓度为50%wt的N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物溶液混合均匀,80℃下搅拌3小时后取出,恢复至室温,得到植物纤维溶液。
将60g植物纤维溶液与78g粒径为40目的木屑混合均匀,之后置于玻璃皿中塑型,得到粗制人造板。
将粗制人造板在40℃下进行干燥处理48h,之后用水进行浸泡清洗处理,重复干燥处理和浸泡清洗处理的步骤3次,之后在0Mpa,50℃的条件下静置处理24h,得到人造板。
实施例6
实施例6以阔叶木浆为植物纤维来源,使用N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物溶液 对植物纤维进行活化处理,具体步骤如下:
将31g阔叶木浆与731g浓度为50%wt的N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物溶液混合均匀,80℃下搅拌3小时后取出,恢复至室温,得到植物纤维溶液。
将748g植物纤维溶液与42g粒径为40目的竹粉混合均匀,之后置于玻璃皿中塑型,得到粗制人造板。
将粗制人造板在40℃下进行干燥处理48h,之后用水进行浸泡清洗处理,重复干燥处理和浸泡清洗处理的步骤3次,之后在300Mpa,50℃的条件下静置处理24h,得到人造板。
实施例7
实施例7以阔叶木浆为植物纤维来源,使用氯化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溶液对植物纤维进行活化处理,具体步骤如下:
将60g阔叶木浆与650g氯化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溶液混合均匀,100℃下搅拌3小时后取出,恢复至室温,得到植物纤维溶液。
将552g植物纤维溶液与20g粒径为10目的竹粉混合均匀,之后置于玻璃皿中塑型,得到粗制人造板。
将粗制人造板在40℃下进行干燥处理48h,之后用水进行浸泡清洗处理,重复干燥处理和浸泡清洗处理的步骤3次,之后在100Mpa,50℃的条件下静置处理24h,得到人造板。
实施例8
实施例8以溶解浆为植物纤维来源,使用氯化锂的二甲基乙酰胺溶液对植物纤维进行活化处理,具体步骤如下:
将21g溶解浆与651g浓度为8%wt的氯化锂的二甲基乙酰胺溶液混合均匀,100℃下搅拌3小时后取出,恢复至室温,得到植物纤维溶液。
将277g植物纤维溶液与78g解构干燥后的木屑混合均匀,之后置于玻璃皿中塑型,得到粗制人造板。
将粗制人造板在40℃下进行干燥处理48h,之后用水进行浸泡清洗处 理,重复干燥处理和浸泡清洗处理的步骤3次,之后在2Mpa,50℃的条件下静置处理24h,得到人造板。
性能测试:
分别对实施例1制得的植物纤维溶液的流变性能、实施例5制得的人造板的微观形貌、实施例1-8制得的人造板的密度、弯曲强度和D型肖氏硬度进行测试或表征,测试方法和测试数据如下:
流变性能:采用HAAKE MARS60流变仪进行流变性能测试,测试模式为动力学粘度测试(旋转模式),测试的剪切速率范围为0.1s
-1-1000s
-1,温度为恒定25℃。
实施例1制得的植物纤维溶液的流变性能如图4所示。由图4可以看出,实施例1制得的植物纤维溶液粘度得到了大幅提高。
微观形貌:对实施例5制得的人造板的截面进行镀金处理,之后采用德国蔡司生产的扫描电子显微镜对全植物人造板进行了形貌表征,加速电压为5kV。
实施例5制得的人造板的微观形貌如图6所示。由图6可以看出,人造板中的植物纤维弯曲变形并紧密缠绕,形成了致密的结构。
密度:采用分析天平测得材料的质量,采用排液法测得材料得体积,通过其质量与体积之比得到人造板的密度。
D型肖氏硬度:将D型肖氏硬度仪平压在样品表面,待数值稳定后读数记录。
弯曲强度:采用山东万辰微型电子万能实验机(CMT4104)进行测试。在弯曲性能试验中,样品尺寸为70mm*6mm*3mm,弯曲夹具两个下辊之间的距离为34mm,上辊在中间以2mm/min的速度向下压,直至标准样品断裂或材料力学性能出现骤降。
实施例4制得的人造板的弯曲强度和弯曲应变如图5所示。由图5可以看出,实施例4制得的人造板的最大弯曲强度为24Mpa,对应的弯曲强 度约为3.0%,说明实施例4制得的人造板具有较高的弯曲强度和弯曲模量。
实施例1-8制得的人造板的密度、弯曲强度和D型肖氏硬度如表1所示。
表1实施例1-8制得的人造板的密度、弯曲强度和D型肖氏硬度
由表1可以看出,实施例1-8制得的人造板的密度为0.05g/cm
3-1.6g/cm
3,人造板的弯曲强度为1Mpa-200Mpa,人造板的D型肖氏硬度为5HSD-85HSD,表明本发明技术方案的人造板具有优异的力学性能。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
- 一种人造板的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:用非衍生化溶剂对植物纤维进行活化处理,得到所述植物纤维溶液,所述植物纤维为破壁或非破壁的植物细胞;将所述植物纤维溶液与植物颗粒混匀塑型,之后依次进行干燥处理、浸泡清洗处理和静置处理,得到人造板。
- 根据权利要求1所述的人造板的制备方法,其特征在于,在进行所述静置处理前,将所述依次进行干燥处理、浸泡清洗处理的操作进行至少两次。
- 根据权利要求1所述的人造板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述植物颗粒与所述植物纤维溶液的质量比为(30-90):(10-70)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的人造板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述植物纤维溶液中植物纤维的含量为0.1%wt-20%wt。
- 根据权利要求1或4所述的人造板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述植物纤维溶液中植物纤维的含量为1%wt-10%wt。
- 根据权利要求1所述的人造板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述活化处理的温度为-20℃-150℃,所述活化处理的时间为5min-72h。
- 根据权利要求1所述的人造板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述非衍生溶剂选自氯化锂的二甲基乙酰胺溶液、离子液体、碱和尿素的混合溶液和N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物溶液中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的人造板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述植物颗粒为含有植物纤维的木材颗粒和/或草本颗粒,且所述植物颗粒的粒径为2目-1000目。
- 一种人造板,其特征在于,由权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的人造板的制备方法制得。
- 根据权利要求9所述的人造板,其特征在于,所述人造板的密度为0.05g/cm 3-1.6g/cm 3,所述人造板的弯曲强度为1Mpa-200Mpa,所述人造板的D型肖氏硬度为5HSD-85HSD。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210788848.X | 2022-07-06 | ||
| CN202210788848.XA CN115319880B (zh) | 2022-07-06 | 2022-07-06 | 人造板及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024007359A1 true WO2024007359A1 (zh) | 2024-01-11 |
Family
ID=83917702
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2022/105622 Ceased WO2024007359A1 (zh) | 2022-07-06 | 2022-07-14 | 人造板及其制备方法 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115319880B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2024007359A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119077881A (zh) * | 2024-09-30 | 2024-12-06 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | 一种纤维预处理方法及处理后纤维的应用 |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117901226A (zh) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-04-19 | 南京大学 | 一种颗粒板及其制备方法 |
| CN117921802A (zh) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-04-26 | 南京大学 | 一种胶合板及其制备方法 |
| CN117901221A (zh) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-04-19 | 南京大学 | 一种强化木材及其制备方法 |
| CN117901219A (zh) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-04-19 | 南京大学 | 一种木基薄膜及其制备方法 |
| CN118893683A (zh) * | 2024-08-07 | 2024-11-05 | 奇瑞新能源汽车股份有限公司 | 一种无外添加胶的纤维板及制备方法 |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003159703A (ja) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-06-03 | Kono Shinsozai Kaihatsu Kk | ボードの製造方法 |
| CN105522638A (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-27 | 于金峰 | 一种环保防水纤维板材制作方法 |
| CN107936305A (zh) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-04-20 | 张静 | 一种无胶中高密度植物纤维板的制备方法 |
| CN109153856A (zh) * | 2016-02-09 | 2019-01-04 | 美国政府(由农业部的部长所代表) | 以冷温系统和方法用水性碱性和尿素溶液制备的木质纤维素复合物 |
| CN112157751A (zh) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-01 | 南京大学 | 一种木材软化弯曲的制备方法 |
| CN112171830A (zh) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-05 | 南京大学 | 一种高强度木材及其制备方法 |
| CN112227063A (zh) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-15 | 南京大学 | 一种具有超高力学性能的植物纤维及其制备方法 |
| CN112778578A (zh) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-11 | 南京大学 | 一种植物塑料及其制备方法 |
| CN113119266A (zh) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-16 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 一种高粱秸秆板材及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH243851A (de) * | 1945-12-01 | 1946-08-15 | Henke J Ing Dr | Verfahren zur Herstellung von geformten Gebilden aus faserigen Stoffen. |
| EP1400328B1 (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2010-09-15 | Toyota Boshoku Kabushiki Kaisha | Fiber board and its producing method |
| US7887893B2 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2011-02-15 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Bacterial poly(hydroxy alkanoate) polymer and natural fiber composites |
| CN101544012B (zh) * | 2009-05-06 | 2012-05-09 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | 酶活化纤维制造中密度纤维板方法 |
| WO2021180208A1 (zh) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-09-16 | 厦门大学 | 一种生物质重组的型材及型材的制备方法 |
| CN114536504B (zh) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-07-21 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | 无胶纤维塑化板及其制备方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-07-06 CN CN202210788848.XA patent/CN115319880B/zh active Active
- 2022-07-14 WO PCT/CN2022/105622 patent/WO2024007359A1/zh not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003159703A (ja) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-06-03 | Kono Shinsozai Kaihatsu Kk | ボードの製造方法 |
| CN105522638A (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-27 | 于金峰 | 一种环保防水纤维板材制作方法 |
| CN109153856A (zh) * | 2016-02-09 | 2019-01-04 | 美国政府(由农业部的部长所代表) | 以冷温系统和方法用水性碱性和尿素溶液制备的木质纤维素复合物 |
| CN107936305A (zh) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-04-20 | 张静 | 一种无胶中高密度植物纤维板的制备方法 |
| CN112778578A (zh) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-11 | 南京大学 | 一种植物塑料及其制备方法 |
| CN112157751A (zh) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-01 | 南京大学 | 一种木材软化弯曲的制备方法 |
| CN112171830A (zh) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-05 | 南京大学 | 一种高强度木材及其制备方法 |
| CN112227063A (zh) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-15 | 南京大学 | 一种具有超高力学性能的植物纤维及其制备方法 |
| CN113119266A (zh) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-16 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 一种高粱秸秆板材及其制备方法 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN119077881A (zh) * | 2024-09-30 | 2024-12-06 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | 一种纤维预处理方法及处理后纤维的应用 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115319880A (zh) | 2022-11-11 |
| CN115319880B (zh) | 2023-10-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2024007359A1 (zh) | 人造板及其制备方法 | |
| CN110055796B (zh) | 一种微纳米木质素纤维素及其制备方法和用途 | |
| Mishra et al. | TEST Utilising Brewer's Spent Grain as a Source of Cellulose Nanofibres Following Separation of Protein-based Biomass | |
| CN101817986B (zh) | 纤维素/树脂复合体及其制造方法 | |
| CN112873457A (zh) | 木材及其制备方法 | |
| CN107118393B (zh) | 改性纤维素/聚乳酸复合材料的制备方法 | |
| CN117144706B (zh) | 一种高强高韧、可循环仿生结构纤维板的制备方法及其循环处理方法 | |
| CN114536504B (zh) | 无胶纤维塑化板及其制备方法 | |
| CN111944065A (zh) | 一种生物质板材及其制备方法 | |
| CN109153856A (zh) | 以冷温系统和方法用水性碱性和尿素溶液制备的木质纤维素复合物 | |
| WO2021180208A9 (zh) | 一种生物质重组的型材及型材的制备方法 | |
| Heng et al. | Raw cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol blending separators prepared by phase inversion for high-performance supercapacitors | |
| CN102492163A (zh) | 一种高疏水纤维素膜的制备方法 | |
| CN103552353A (zh) | 一种制备全纤维素复合层压材料的方法 | |
| CN116752366A (zh) | 一种纤维素纳米纤丝的制备方法 | |
| CN101974230B (zh) | 剑麻微纤维/明胶复合材料 | |
| CN118617838A (zh) | 一种增强增韧竹基汽车内饰板的制备方法 | |
| US20190119851A1 (en) | Lignocellulosic composites prepared with aqueous alkaline and urea solutions in cold temperatures systems and methods | |
| CN107501615A (zh) | 一种高强度再生纤维素膜的制备方法 | |
| CN107042559A (zh) | 一种具有钢筋混凝土结构的高强纤维素/木素复合材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN106835791B (zh) | 一种用棉秸秆制备纤维材料的方法 | |
| CN115232339B (zh) | 一种利用咖啡渣制备再生复合膜的方法 | |
| CN117921802A (zh) | 一种胶合板及其制备方法 | |
| CN110935333A (zh) | 一种细菌纤维素-聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯嵌段共聚物复合膜及其制备方法 | |
| CN117946532A (zh) | 一种生物降解植物纤维基轻量化高强韧材料及其加工工艺 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22949939 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 22949939 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
