WO2024005128A1 - 積層体、表示装置および積層体用部材 - Google Patents
積層体、表示装置および積層体用部材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024005128A1 WO2024005128A1 PCT/JP2023/024141 JP2023024141W WO2024005128A1 WO 2024005128 A1 WO2024005128 A1 WO 2024005128A1 JP 2023024141 W JP2023024141 W JP 2023024141W WO 2024005128 A1 WO2024005128 A1 WO 2024005128A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
- H05K5/02—Details
- H05K5/03—Covers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/023—Optical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/04—4 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
- B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
- B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
- B32B2307/7376—Thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a laminate, a display device, and a member for a laminate.
- cover member made of glass or resin has been used in a display device for the purpose of protecting the display device.
- Cover members made of glass have features such as high surface hardness, resistance to scratches, and high transparency, while cover members made of resin have features such as being lightweight and hard to break.
- cover member In a foldable display device, since the cover member also needs to bend to follow the movement of the display device, a cover member that can be folded is used.
- resin cover members polyimide and polyamide-imide films that are colorless and transparent have been developed by devising chemical structures.
- cover members made of glass studies are underway on cover members that are made thinner and bendable, such as ultra-thin glass (UTG).
- UTG ultra-thin glass
- chemically strengthened glass has particularly high bending resistance.By incorporating expansion stress into the glass surface, it prevents minute scratches on the glass surface from becoming larger when bent. This makes the glass less likely to break.
- Patent Document 1 describes a front plate, a predetermined first adhesive layer formed using a first adhesive composition, a polarizing plate, and a predetermined first adhesive layer formed using a second adhesive composition. discloses an optical laminate that includes a predetermined second adhesive layer and a back plate in this order, and discloses a resin film that includes a glass plate and a hard coat layer as the front plate.
- FIG. 14 has been generally used as a test for evaluating the bending resistance of a laminate.
- the U-shaped bending test for example, as shown in FIG. Fix them at 100A and 100B, respectively.
- the fixed portion 100B is capable of sliding in the horizontal direction.
- the laminate 10 is bent into a U-shape by moving the fixing part 100B close to the fixing part 100A.
- FIGS. 14(b) to 14(c) the laminate 10 is bent into a U-shape by moving the fixing part 100B close to the fixing part 100A.
- the sample (laminate 10) is bent into a U-shape by moving the fixed part 100B close to the fixed part 100A.
- a bending load is applied to the entire sample (laminate 10).
- the bent portions may be localized, and stress may be concentrated on the local bent portions.
- the inventors of the present disclosure have discovered that even if the laminate is evaluated to have good bending resistance in the U-shaped bending test, the bending load concentrates on local bends and such bending is repeated. It has been found that there is a problem in which peeling occurs between the layers constituting the laminate. Specifically, in a laminate having a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer, where the second layer joins the first layer and the third layer, the second layer is the first layer. It has also been found that the third layer may be peeled off.
- the bent portion If the bending is repeated locally, there is a problem in that the second layer peels off from the first layer or the third layer peels off from the fourth layer.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that in order to suppress the generation of bubbles in the adhesive layer when the optical laminate is bent and maintained in that state for a certain period of time, the viscosity of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is It is described that the shear recovery rate measured by an elasticity measuring device is set within a predetermined range. However, there is no mention of the problem of peeling of the adhesive layer, which occurs when bending loads are repeatedly concentrated on localized bends, as described above.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its main purpose is to provide a laminate with good bending resistance even when the bent portion is localized.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure is a laminate including a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer in this order, wherein the second layer has a cross-sectional recovery rate of 10 by nanoindentation. % or more.
- One embodiment of the present disclosure is a laminate having a first layer, a second layer, a fourth layer, and a third layer in this order, wherein the second layer and the fourth layer are each Provided is a laminate having a cross-sectional recovery rate of 10% or more by a nanoindentation method.
- the present invention also provides a display device including a display panel and the laminate placed on the viewer's side of the display panel.
- a member for a laminate used in the laminate described above which is formed by laminating the first layer and the second layer.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a laminate according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a laminate according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a laminate according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a laminate according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a laminate according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a laminate according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a laminate according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a laminate according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a laminate according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a laminate according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a member for a laminate according to the present disclosure. This is a load-displacement curve measured by the indentation method. It is a schematic diagram for explaining a U-shaped bending test.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a clamshell bending test.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining an impact test.
- the laminate in the first embodiment of the present disclosure is a laminate having a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer in this order, and has a recovery rate of a cross section of the second layer by a nanoindentation method. is greater than or equal to a predetermined value.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the laminate 10A in this embodiment has a first layer 1, a second layer 2, and a third layer 3 in this order in the thickness direction DT .
- the recovery rate of the cross section of the second layer 2 by the nanoindentation method is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
- the laminate when used for example in a foldable display, the laminate has a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer, and the second layer joins the first layer and the third layer.
- the bending portion is localized and the bending is repeated, there is a problem that the second layer peels off from the first layer or the third layer. This phenomenon is thought to be caused by the fact that the harder the layer (for example, a layer with a higher composite modulus), the higher the shear stress concentrated at the bent portion, which makes peeling more likely.
- the inventors of the present disclosure have found that the ease with which the second layer peels off does not depend on the composite modulus of elasticity. Furthermore, the inventors of the present disclosure have conducted extensive studies, and by setting the restoration rate by the nanoindentation method in the cross section of the second layer to a predetermined value or more, even when the bent portion is localized, the second layer It has been found that peeling of the layers can be suppressed and bending resistance is improved.
- the second layer is displaced in the stretching direction (hereinafter referred to as stretching displacement) when transitioning from the flat state to the bent state, and from the bent state to the flat state.
- stretching displacement the stretching direction
- compression displacement the direction of compression
- shear stress is applied during the first stretching displacement, but there is sufficient force to return to the original shape during the next compressive displacement. It is assumed that no significant shear stress will be applied.
- the same condition will continue in subsequent bending. That is, when the second layer has a high recovery rate, it is difficult to peel off even when the second layer has a high composite modulus.
- the second layer in this embodiment is disposed between the first layer and the third layer, and has a function as a bonding layer that bonds the first layer and the third layer.
- the recovery rate by the nanoindentation method in the cross section in the thickness direction of the second layer is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
- the cross section in the thickness direction of the second layer is a cross section obtained by cutting the second layer in the thickness direction D T (the lamination direction of the laminate).
- the recovery rate by nanoindentation method on the cross section of the second layer is usually 10% or more, may be 20% or more, and may be 30% or more. , 40% or more, or 50% or more.
- the restoration rate may be, for example, 80% or less, may be 70% or less, or may be 60% or less.
- the range is preferably 10% or more and 80% or less, more preferably 20% or more and 70% or less, particularly preferably 30% or more and 60% or less.
- the "recovery rate" in the present disclosure is a value determined from a load-displacement curve measured by a nanoindentation method using a surface film physical property tester (Triboindenter TI950, manufactured by BRUKER).
- the load-displacement curve is calculated by indenting a Berkovich indenter (material: diamond triangular pyramid) in the vertical direction under the following conditions with respect to the cross section in the thickness direction of the second layer of the measurement sample prepared by the following method. It is obtained by measuring the relationship between load and displacement from (press-fitting) until the indenter is removed (unloading).
- FIG. 13 shows a typical load-displacement curve.
- a block is prepared by embedding a laminate cut out to 1 mm x 10 mm in embedding resin, and a uniform section with a thickness of 50 nm or more and 100 nm or less is cut from this block using a general sectioning method.
- a general sectioning method To prepare the sections, "Ultramicrotome EM UC7" (manufactured by Leica Microsystems) or the like can be used. Then, the remaining block from which a uniform section without holes etc. has been cut out is used as a measurement sample.
- a second Berkovich indenter (triangular pyramid, TI-0039 manufactured by BRUKER) was used as the indenter under the following measurement conditions. Insert vertically into the center of the cross section of the layer for 10 seconds to a maximum indentation load of 25 ⁇ N. Thereafter, the residual stress is relaxed by holding it constant, and then the load is unloaded for 10 seconds.
- the position where the Berkovich indenter is pushed is preferably approximately at the center of the second layer in the thickness direction. Substantially at the center means that when the thickness of the second layer is defined as T [ ⁇ m], the deviation from the center in the thickness direction of the second layer is within ⁇ 0.1T. Specifically, it is preferable that the deviation from the center of the second layer in the thickness direction is ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the measurement is performed under the measurement condition 1 above, and the indentation depth at the maximum load is 500 nm or more, the measurement is performed under measurement condition 2 below.
- the recovery rate in this specification is a value measured at a temperature of 23 ⁇ 5°C and a relative humidity of 40 to 65%. Further, the recovery rate is the arithmetic mean value of the recovery rates determined at 10 cross sections of the second layer of the laminate.
- Methods for increasing the recovery rate of the cross section of the second layer by the nanoindentation method to 10% or more include, for example, increasing the molecular weight of the resin, increasing the breaking strength of the resin, increasing the breaking elongation of the resin, and glass of the resin. Examples include methods such as increasing the transition temperature (Tg).
- the second layer in this embodiment may have a composite modulus of, for example, 0.01 GPa or more, preferably 0.05 GPa or more, and more preferably more than 0.05 GPa. It is preferable that the second layer has a composite modulus of elasticity equal to or greater than the above value, since this improves the scratch resistance of the laminate. Further, the second layer has a composite modulus of elasticity of, for example, 7.0 GPa or less, and may be 6.0 GPa or less.
- the composite modulus of elasticity of the second layer in this embodiment is determined by the following formula (1) by analyzing the load-displacement curve created by the method described above and using the projected contact area A p .
- the composite elastic modulus of the second layer means the arithmetic mean value of the measured values at 10 locations.
- the atmosphere for measuring the composite modulus of elasticity is a temperature of 23° C. ⁇ 5° C. and a humidity of 40 to 65%.
- a p is the contact projected area
- E r is the composite modulus of the second layer
- S is the contact stiffness
- S is the contact stiffness
- the ratio of the indentation hardness H IT (MPa) to the composite elastic modulus E r (GPa) is, for example, greater than 30. , 40 or more. On the other hand, it is, for example, 85 or less, and may be 70 or less. If the indentation hardness H IT /composite elastic modulus E r is equal to or greater than the above value, the bending resistance tends to be good.
- the indentation hardness HIT is obtained by analyzing the load-displacement curve created above and calculating the maximum press-in load P max (N) by calculating the projected contact area A p (mm 2 ) (formula (2) below).
- the indentation hardness HIT is the arithmetic mean value of the values obtained by measuring at 10 locations.
- HIT Pmax / Ap ...(2)
- a p is the projected contact area obtained by correcting the indenter tip curvature using the Oliver-Pharr method using a standard sample of fused silica (5-0098 manufactured by BRUKER).
- the second layer preferably contains resin.
- the resin contained in the second layer is not particularly limited as long as the second layer has the above-mentioned recovery rate.
- the second layer has a function as a bonding layer for bonding the first layer and the third layer.
- the second layer is preferably a so-called heat seal layer.
- resins that can be used as the heat seal layer include thermoplastic resins.
- Thermoplastic resins include acrylic resins, polyacrylic polyols, urethane resins, vinyl chloride resins, vinyl acetate resins, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene-acrylic copolymers, acrylic-vinyl acetate copolymers, and polyesters.
- Examples include resins, olefin resins, amide resins, cyanoacrylate resins, epoxy resins, polyimide resins, cellulose resins, polycarbonate resins, polyethylene naphthalate resins, etc., and these can be used alone or in combination of multiple types.
- the urethane resin also includes polyester urethane resin and polyether urethane resin.
- preferred materials that can make the recovery rate 10% or more include polyester resins, urethane resins, olefin resins, and the like.
- the heat-sensitive adhesive composition forming the heat-sealing layer can further contain a curing agent.
- a curing agent examples include isocyanate curing agents, epoxy curing agents, and melamine curing agents.
- the curing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the second layer may contain additives as necessary.
- additives include light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers, antioxidants, plasticizers, coupling agents, antifoaming agents, fillers, inorganic or organic particles for adjusting the refractive index, and electrostatic charges.
- examples include inhibitors, colorants such as blue dyes and purple dyes, leveling agents, surfactants, lubricants, various sensitizers, flame retardants, adhesion promoters, polymerization inhibitors, and surface modifiers.
- These additives can be appropriately selected from commonly used additives.
- the content of the additive can be set as appropriate. Among these, it is preferable that the composition for the second layer contains a silane coupling agent in order to improve the adhesion with the third layer.
- the second layer may be a so-called adhesive layer.
- the adhesive used in the second resin layer is not particularly limited as long as it can provide a transparent adhesive layer, and for example, OCA (Optical Clear Adhesive) can be used. Specific examples include acrylic adhesives, silicone adhesives, urethane adhesives, rubber adhesives, polyvinyl ether adhesives, and polyvinyl acetate adhesives.
- the glass transition temperature of the adhesive layer is preferably -15° or higher, more preferably -10° or higher.
- the glass transition temperature means a value measured by a method (DMA method) based on the value of the peak top of loss tangent (tan ⁇ ).
- the loss tangent is determined by the value of loss modulus/storage modulus.
- the thickness of the second layer is, for example, preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 2.0 ⁇ m or more. On the other hand, it is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 75 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 50 ⁇ m or less. Specifically, the range is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 75 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the second layer is too thick, there is a risk that the bending resistance will be impaired. On the other hand, if the thickness of the second layer is too thin, adhesiveness cannot be ensured and there is a risk that the second layer will peel off.
- the thickness is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 2.0 ⁇ m or more.
- it is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 25 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the range is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 25 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more.
- the second layer is an adhesive layer, if the thickness of the second layer is too thin, the bending resistance may be impaired.
- it is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 75 ⁇ m or less.
- the range is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably the range of 50 ⁇ m or more and 75 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the second layer is measured from a cross section in the thickness direction of the laminate observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), or a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). It can be taken as the average value of the thicknesses obtained at any 10 points. Note that, unless otherwise specified, the same method can be used for measuring the thickness of other layers included in the laminate.
- the second layer has transparency.
- the total light transmittance of the second layer is preferably 85% or more, more preferably 88% or more, and even more preferably 90% or more.
- the total light transmittance of the second layer can be measured in accordance with JIS K7361-1, for example, using a haze meter HM150 manufactured by Murakami Color Research Institute.
- the same method can be used for measuring the total light transmittance of other layers.
- the third layer 3 usually has a first main surface on the second layer side, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and a first main surface S1 and a second main surface. It has a side surface SS different from S2.
- the second layer 2 preferably covers the side surface SS of the third layer 3. In this case, the width W2 of the second layer 2 is larger than the width W3 of the third layer 3.
- the third layer is a glass base material.
- Glass substrates are prone to microcracks during processing, and microcracks are particularly likely to occur at the edges of the glass substrate during cutting.
- microcracks are particularly likely to occur at the edges of the glass substrate during cutting.
- cracks are likely to occur starting from these microcracks.
- using chemically strengthened glass as a glass substrate can improve impact resistance and bending resistance, but even in this case, when cutting a glass substrate made of chemically strengthened glass, it is necessary to Since the compressive stress layer formed on the surface of chemically strengthened glass does not exist on the cut surface of the material, that is, on the side surface, the strength of the side surface of the glass base material decreases.
- the strength of the side surface of the glass substrate can be increased. Furthermore, the second layer can fill in microcracks on the side surface of the glass base material, thereby increasing the strength of the side surface of the glass base material. Therefore, the impact resistance of the end portion of the glass laminate can be improved.
- the degree of coverage of the side surfaces of the third layer with the second layer is not particularly limited as long as it is possible to increase the strength of the side surfaces of the third layer by covering the side surfaces of the third layer with the second layer.
- the entire side surface of the third layer may be covered with the second layer, or a portion of the side surface of the third layer may be covered with the second layer.
- the entire thickness direction D of the side surface SS may be covered with the second layer 2
- a part of T may be covered with the second layer 2.
- the ratio of thickness Tc2 is, for example, 0.5 or more, may be 0.6 or more, or may be 0.7 or more. On the other hand, for example, it is 1.0 or less, may be 0.9 or less, or may be 0.8 or less.
- the ratio (Tc2/T3) is, for example, not less than 0.5 and not more than 1.0, may be not less than 0.6 and not more than 0.9, and not less than 0.7 and not more than 0. It may be 8 or less. When the ratio is within the above range, the impact resistance of the side surface of the glass substrate becomes good.
- the shape of the glass substrate is usually rectangular parallelepiped and hexahedral. Further, even when the glass substrate is chamfered, for example, the shape of the glass substrate is usually a rectangular parallelepiped and can be considered to be approximately hexahedral.
- the glass substrate has opposing first and second surfaces and four side surfaces.
- the degree of coverage of the side surfaces of the glass substrate with the second layer may be such that at least one side surface among the four side surfaces of the glass substrate is covered with the second layer. That is, in this case, among the four side surfaces of the glass substrate, one side surface may be coated with the second layer, two side surfaces may be coated with the second layer, and three side surfaces may be coated with the second layer. It may be coated with two layers or the four sides may be coated with a second layer.
- the glass base material it is preferable that two opposing side faces be coated with the second layer, and of the four side surfaces of the glass base material, approximately the second layer is coated with the second layer. Preferably, two parallel sides are coated with the second layer. This is because when the glass laminate is bent, cracks can be suppressed from occurring in the bent portions, and the bending resistance can be improved.
- the first layer usually contains resin. Further, the first layer has light transmittance, and when the laminate in this embodiment is placed on the viewer side of the display panel of the display device, the first layer is placed closer to the viewer than the third layer described later. .
- the first layer also functions as a shock-absorbing layer having shock-absorbing properties, and, for example, when the third layer is a glass base material, as a shatter-preventing layer that suppresses glass from scattering when the glass base material breaks. be able to.
- the third layer is a glass base material
- the first layer is arranged on the glass base material, so that when an impact is applied to the laminate, the first layer absorbs the impact and the glass base material It is possible to suppress cracking of the material and improve impact resistance. Furthermore, the first layer can suppress glass scattering even if the glass substrate is damaged.
- the first layer has transparency, and specifically, the total light transmittance of the first resin layer is preferably 85% or more, more preferably 88% or more, and 90%. It is more preferable that it is above.
- the composite modulus of the first layer is, for example, 6.0 GPa or more, preferably 6.5 GPa or more.
- the first layer can improve impact resistance and scratch resistance.
- the resin contained in such a first layer include the resins described below.
- the composite modulus of the first layer is, for example, 70 GPa or less, preferably 10 GPa or less.
- the composite modulus of the first layer is, for example, preferably 6.0 GPa or more and 70 GPa or less, and more preferably 6.5 GPa or more and 10 GPa or less.
- the method for measuring the composite modulus of the first layer can be the same as the method for measuring the composite modulus of the second layer described above.
- the resins contained in the first layer include polyester resin, polyimide resin, cellulose resin, cycloolefin polymer (COP), epoxy resin, polyurethane, acrylic resin, and cycloolefin polymer (COP). COP), polycarbonate (PC), and the like. This is because a resin layer having transparency and shock absorbing properties can be obtained. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polyester resin examples include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).
- Polyimide resin refers to a polymer having an imide bond in its main chain. Examples of the polyimide resin include polyimide, polyamideimide, polyesterimide, polyetherimide, and the like. Examples of the cellulose resin include triacetylcellulose (TAC). Examples of the acrylic resin include methyl poly(meth)acrylate, ethyl poly(meth)acrylate, and the like. Among these, polyimide resins are preferred because they have bending resistance, excellent hardness, and transparency.
- the first layer is preferably a resin film containing a resin selected from the above resin group.
- the first layer may further contain additives, if necessary.
- Additives include, for example, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, inorganic particles, silica fillers to make winding smooth, surfactants to improve film forming properties and defoaming properties, and adhesive properties. agents, etc.
- the first layer contains an ultraviolet absorber
- deterioration of the first layer due to ultraviolet rays can be suppressed.
- the first layer contains polyimide
- the color change over time of the resin layer containing polyimide can be suppressed.
- a display device including a laminate it is possible to suppress deterioration of a member disposed closer to the display panel than the laminate, such as a polarizer, due to ultraviolet rays.
- Examples of the ultraviolet absorber contained in the first layer include triazine-based ultraviolet absorbers, benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorbers such as hydroxybenzophenone-based ultraviolet absorbers, and benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers.
- the ultraviolet absorber is preferably a polymer or oligomer. This is because bleeding out of the ultraviolet absorber when the laminate is repeatedly bent can be suppressed.
- ultraviolet absorbers include polymers or oligomers having a triazine skeleton, benzophenone skeleton, or benzotriazole skeleton, and specifically, (meth)acrylates having a benzotriazole skeleton or benzophenone skeleton, Preferably, it is thermally copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) at an arbitrary ratio.
- MMA methyl methacrylate
- the content of the ultraviolet absorber in the first layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 1% by mass or more and 6% by mass or less, and more preferably 2% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less. If the content of the ultraviolet absorber is too small, the effect of the ultraviolet absorber may not be sufficiently obtained. Moreover, if the content of the ultraviolet absorber is too large, there is a risk that the resin layer may be significantly colored or the strength of the resin layer may be reduced.
- Third layer is not particularly limited as long as it has transparency, and examples thereof include a glass base material and a resin base material. In this embodiment, a glass substrate is preferred.
- Glass base material The glass constituting the glass base material is not particularly limited as long as it has transparency, and examples thereof include silicate glass, silica glass, and the like. Among these, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, and aluminoborosilicate glass are preferred, and alkali-free glass is more preferred.
- Commercially available glass substrates include, for example, ultra-thin glass G-Leaf manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. and ultra-thin film glass manufactured by Matsunami Glass Industries.
- the glass constituting the glass substrate is chemically strengthened glass.
- Chemically strengthened glass is preferable because it has excellent mechanical strength and can be made thinner.
- Chemically strengthened glass is typically glass whose mechanical properties have been strengthened by a chemical method, such as by replacing some of the ionic species near the surface of the glass, such as replacing sodium with potassium. It has a compressive stress layer.
- Examples of the glass constituting the chemically strengthened glass substrate include aluminosilicate glass, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, lead glass, alkali barium glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, and the like.
- Examples of commercially available chemically strengthened glass substrates include Corning's Gorilla Glass, AGC's Dragontrail, and Schott's chemically strengthened glass.
- the thickness of the glass substrate is, for example, preferably 115 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 110 ⁇ m or less. On the other hand, it is more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more, even more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 25 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the glass substrate in this embodiment is preferably within the range of 15 ⁇ m or more and 115 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably within the range of 20 ⁇ m or more and 110 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the glass base material is within the above range, it is possible to obtain good flexibility and sufficient hardness. Further, curling of the display device laminate can also be suppressed. Furthermore, it is preferable in terms of weight reduction of the laminate for a display device.
- Resin base material The resin constituting the resin base material is not particularly limited as long as a transparent resin base material can be obtained.
- the composite modulus of the resin base material is, for example, 6.0 GPa or more, preferably 6.5 GPa or more.
- the composite modulus of the resin base material is, for example, 70 GPa or less, preferably 10 GPa or less.
- the composite modulus of the resin base material is, for example, preferably 6.0 GPa or more and 70 GPa or less, and more preferably 6.5 GPa or more and 10 GPa or less.
- the method for measuring the composite modulus of the resin base material can be the same as the method for measuring the composite modulus of the second layer described above.
- Examples of the resin contained in the resin base material include polyimide resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, and the like.
- the polyimide resin include polyimide, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, and polyesterimide.
- the polyester resin include polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate.
- polyimide resins, polyamide resins, or mixtures thereof are preferred, and polyimide resins are more preferred because they have bending resistance, excellent hardness, and transparency.
- the polyimide resin is not particularly limited as long as it can provide a transparent resin base material, but among the above, polyimide and polyamide-imide are preferably used. Flexibility and bending resistance can be improved, and since the refractive index is relatively high, the reflectance can be easily adjusted.
- the thickness of the resin base material is, for example, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the resin base material is within the above range, good flexibility and sufficient hardness can be obtained. Further, curling of the display device laminate can also be suppressed. Furthermore, it is preferable in terms of weight reduction of the laminate for a display device.
- the laminate in this embodiment may have other layers in addition to the first, second, and third layers described above.
- the member for a display device in this embodiment can further include a functional layer on the side of the first layer opposite to the third layer and between the first layer and the second layer.
- Examples of the functional layer disposed on the side of the first layer opposite to the third layer include a hard coat layer, a protective layer, an antireflection layer, an antiglare layer, and the like.
- Examples of the functional layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer include a decorative layer and a primer layer.
- the functional layer may be a single layer or may have multiple layers. Further, the functional layer may be a layer having a single function, or may have a plurality of layers having mutually different functions.
- the laminate in this embodiment has a hard coat layer and a protective layer in order from the first layer side as functional layers arranged on the side of the first layer opposite to the third layer. Good too.
- Hard coat layer The laminate in this embodiment preferably further includes a hard coat layer 5 on the side of the first layer 1 opposite to the third layer 3, as shown in FIG. 2, for example.
- the hard coat layer is a member for increasing surface hardness. By disposing the hard coat layer, scratch resistance can be improved.
- the "hard coat layer” is a member for increasing surface hardness, and specifically, in the structure in which the display device member in this embodiment has a hard coat layer.
- JIS K 5600-5-4 (1999) which exhibits a hardness of "H” or higher when subjected to the pencil hardness test specified in JIS K 5600-5-4 (1999).
- the pencil hardness of the surface of the laminate on the hard coat layer side may be H or higher. It is preferably 2H or more, more preferably 3H or more, and even more preferably 3H or more.
- the pencil hardness is measured by a pencil hardness test specified by JIS K5600-5-4 (1999). Specifically, using a test pencil specified by JIS-S-6006, a pencil hardness test specified in JIS K5600-5-4 (1999) was performed on the surface of the hard coat layer side of the display device member, This can be done by evaluating the highest pencil hardness that will not cause scratches.
- the measurement conditions may be an angle of 45°, a load of 750 g, a speed of 0.5 mm/sec to 1 mm/sec, and a temperature of 23 ⁇ 2°C.
- the pencil hardness tester for example, a pencil scratch coating hardness tester manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd. can be used.
- the hard coat layer may be a single layer or may have a multilayer structure of two or more layers.
- the hard coat layer has a layer for satisfying pencil hardness and a dynamic It is preferable to have a layer for satisfying the bending test (a layer for satisfying the scratch resistance).
- Material of hard coat layer As the material of the hard coat layer, for example, an organic material, an inorganic material, an organic-inorganic composite material, etc. can be used.
- the material of the hard coat layer is an organic material.
- the hard coat layer preferably contains a cured product of a resin composition containing a polymerizable compound.
- a cured product of a resin composition containing a polymerizable compound can be obtained by subjecting the polymerizable compound to a polymerization reaction by a known method using a polymerization initiator if necessary.
- Polymerizable compound has at least one polymerizable functional group in its molecule.
- the polymerizable compound for example, at least one of a radically polymerizable compound and a cationically polymerizable compound can be used.
- a radically polymerizable compound is a compound that has a radically polymerizable group.
- the radically polymerizable group possessed by the radically polymerizable compound may be any functional group that can cause a radical polymerization reaction, and is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, a group containing a carbon-carbon unsaturated double bond. Examples include a vinyl group and a (meth)acryloyl group.
- these radically polymerizable groups may be the same or different.
- the number of radically polymerizable groups that the radically polymerizable compound has in one molecule is preferably two or more, and more preferably three or more, from the viewpoint of improving the hardness of the hard coat layer.
- a cationically polymerizable compound is a compound that has a cationically polymerizable group.
- the cationically polymerizable group possessed by the cationically polymerizable compound is not particularly limited as long as it is a functional group that can cause a cationic polymerization reaction, and examples thereof include an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, and a vinyl ether group.
- these cationically polymerizable groups may be the same or different.
- the number of cationically polymerizable groups that the cationically polymerizable compound has in one molecule is preferably two or more, and more preferably three or more, from the viewpoint of improving the hardness of the hard coat layer.
- cationically polymerizable compounds compounds having at least one of an epoxy group and an oxetanyl group as a cationically polymerizable group are preferred, and compounds having two or more of at least one of an epoxy group and an oxetanyl group in one molecule are preferred. is more preferable.
- Cyclic ether groups such as epoxy groups and oxetanyl groups are preferred from the viewpoint of low shrinkage due to polymerization reactions.
- compounds having an epoxy group are easily available in a variety of structures, do not adversely affect the durability of the obtained hard coat layer, and are easy to control compatibility with radically polymerizable compounds. There is an advantage.
- oxetanyl groups have a higher degree of polymerization and lower toxicity than epoxy groups, and when the obtained hard coat layer is combined with a compound having an epoxy group, It has the advantage of accelerating the formation of a network obtained from a cationically polymerizable compound, and forming an independent network without leaving unreacted monomers in the film even in areas where it is mixed with a radically polymerizable compound.
- the resin composition may contain a polymerization initiator if necessary.
- a polymerization initiator radical polymerization initiators, cationic polymerization initiators, radical and cationic polymerization initiators, etc. can be appropriately selected and used. These polymerization initiators are decomposed by at least one of light irradiation and heating to generate radicals or cations to advance radical polymerization and cationic polymerization. Note that in some cases, the polymerization initiator is completely decomposed and does not remain in the hard coat layer.
- radical polymerization initiator and cationic polymerization initiator include those described in JP-A No. 2018-104682.
- the hard coat layer preferably contains inorganic or organic particles, and more preferably contains inorganic fine particles. By containing particles in the hard coat layer, hardness can be improved.
- inorganic particles include metal oxides such as silica (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide, zirconia, titania, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony oxide, and cerium oxide.
- metal oxides such as silica (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide, zirconia, titania, zinc oxide, germanium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony oxide, and cerium oxide.
- metal fluoride particles such as magnesium fluoride and sodium fluoride
- metal particles, metal sulfide particles, and metal nitride particles are preferred, at least one selected from silica particles and aluminum oxide particles is more preferred, and silica particles are even more preferred. This is because excellent hardness can be obtained.
- the hardness of the hard coat layer can be controlled by adjusting the size and content of the inorganic particles.
- the content of the silica particles is preferably 25 parts by mass or more and 60 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound.
- the hard coat layer may contain an ultraviolet absorber. Deterioration of the first layer due to ultraviolet rays can be suppressed. In particular, when the first layer contains polyimide, color change over time of the first layer containing polyimide can be suppressed. Furthermore, in a display device including a display device member, it is possible to suppress deterioration of a member disposed closer to the display panel than the display device member, such as a polarizer, due to ultraviolet rays.
- the ultraviolet absorber contained in the hard coat layer preferably has an absorption wavelength peak of 300 nm or more and 390 nm or less in absorbance measurement, more preferably 320 nm or more and 370 nm or less, and preferably 330 nm or more and 370 nm or less. More preferred.
- Such ultraviolet absorbers can efficiently absorb ultraviolet rays in the UVA region, while at the same time inhibiting the curing of the hard coat layer by shifting the absorption wavelength of 250 nm from the absorption wavelength of the initiator for curing the hard coat layer. This is because a hard coat layer having ultraviolet absorbing ability can be formed without causing any problems.
- the ultraviolet absorber it is preferable for the ultraviolet absorber to have an absorption wavelength peak of 380 nm or less, since this can suppress coloring caused by the ultraviolet absorber.
- the absorbance of the ultraviolet absorber can be measured using, for example, an ultraviolet-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer (eg, JASCO Corporation V-7100).
- an ultraviolet-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer eg, JASCO Corporation V-7100.
- the ultraviolet absorber can be the same as the ultraviolet absorber used in the first layer.
- one or more types of ultraviolet absorbers selected from the group consisting of hydroxybenzophenone-based ultraviolet absorbers and benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers are preferred; More preferably, one or more types of ultraviolet absorbers are selected from the group consisting of ultraviolet absorbers.
- the content of the ultraviolet absorber in the hard coat layer is preferably, for example, 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 7% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing haze caused by mixing the ultraviolet absorber. preferable. Further, from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the first layer due to ultraviolet rays and improving durability, the content of the ultraviolet absorber in the hard coat layer is preferably 1% by mass or more and 6% by mass or less, and 2% by mass or less. % or more and 5% by mass or less.
- the hard coat layer may contain an antifouling agent. Antifouling properties can be imparted to a member for a display device.
- the antifouling agent is not particularly limited, and examples include silicone antifouling agents, fluorine antifouling agents, and silicone and fluorine antifouling agents. Further, the antifouling agent may be an acrylic antifouling agent. The antifouling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a hard coat layer containing a silicone-based antifouling agent or a fluorine-based antifouling agent is less likely to attract fingerprints (less noticeable) and has good wipeability.
- a silicone-based antifouling agent or a fluorine-based antifouling agent is included, the surface tension during application of the curable resin composition for the hard coat layer can be lowered, resulting in good leveling properties and the resulting hard coat layer. The appearance becomes good.
- the hard coat layer containing the silicone antifouling agent has good slip properties and good scratch resistance.
- the display device has better slippage when touched with a finger, a pen, etc., and thus has a better tactile feel.
- the content of the antifouling agent is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more and 3.0 parts by mass or less, for example, based on 100 parts by mass of the resin component. If the content of the antifouling agent is too low, sufficient antifouling properties may not be imparted to the hard coat layer, and if the content of the antifouling agent is too high, the hardness of the hard coat layer may decrease. be.
- the hard coat layer can further contain additives, if necessary.
- Additives are appropriately selected depending on the function to be imparted to the hard coat layer, and are not particularly limited, but include, for example, inorganic or organic particles for adjusting the refractive index, infrared absorbers, antiglare agents, and antifouling agents. , antistatic agents, coloring agents such as blue and purple pigments, leveling agents, surfactants, lubricants, various sensitizers, flame retardants, adhesion promoters, polymerization inhibitors, antioxidants, light stabilizers, Examples include surface modifiers.
- the thickness of the hard coat layer may be appropriately selected depending on the material of the hard coat layer, the function of the hard coat layer, and the use of the laminate.
- the thickness of the hard coat layer is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, it is 6 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the hard coat layer can be approximately several tens of nanometers. When the thickness of the hard coat layer is within the above range, sufficient hardness can be obtained as a hard coat layer, and a member for a display device with good bending resistance can be obtained.
- Method for forming the hard coat layer is appropriately determined depending on the material of the hard coat layer.
- a hard coat layer containing the polymerizable compound, etc. examples include a method of applying and curing a curable resin composition, a vapor deposition method, and a sputtering method.
- the curable resin composition for the hard coat layer contains a polymerizable compound, and may further contain a polymerization initiator, particles, ultraviolet absorber, solvent, additives, etc., if necessary.
- the method for applying the curable resin composition for hard coat layer on the first layer is not particularly limited as long as it can be applied to the desired thickness, such as gravure coating method, gravure reverse coating method, gravure Common coating methods include offset coating, spin coating, roll coating, reverse roll coating, blade coating, dip coating, and screen printing. Moreover, a transfer method can also be used as a method for forming a coating film of the resin composition for a hard coat layer.
- the coating film of the curable resin composition for the hard coat layer is dried to remove the solvent, if necessary.
- the drying method include vacuum drying, heat drying, and a combination of these drying methods.
- it can be dried by heating at a temperature of 30° C. or higher and 120° C. or lower for 10 seconds or more and 180 seconds or less.
- the method for curing the coating film of the curable resin composition for hard coat layer is appropriately selected depending on the polymerizable group of the polymerizable compound, and for example, at least one of light irradiation and heating can be used.
- the laminate in this embodiment may further include a protective layer on the side of the first layer opposite to the second layer.
- the protective layer has transparency. Specifically, the total light transmittance of the protective layer is preferably 85% or more, more preferably 88% or more, and even more preferably 90% or more.
- the protective layer is not particularly limited as long as it has transparency, and can contain a resin, for example.
- the resin used for the protective layer is not particularly limited as long as it can provide a transparent protective layer, and general resins can be used.
- Examples of methods for arranging the protective layer on one side of the first layer include using a protective film as the protective layer and pasting the first layer and the protective film together via an adhesive layer, or placing the protective layer on one side of the first layer. Examples include a method of forming a layer.
- the laminate 10A in this embodiment may have a primer layer 6 between the first layer 1 and the second layer 2.
- the material for the primer layer is not particularly limited as long as it can improve the adhesion between the first layer 1 and the second layer 2, and examples thereof include resin.
- the resin include (meth)acrylic resin, urethane resin, (meth)acrylic urethane copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, polyester, butyral resin, chlorinated polypropylene, chlorinated polyethylene, epoxy resin, Examples include silicone resin. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the thickness of the primer layer may be any thickness that can enhance the adhesion between the first layer and the second layer, and may be, for example, 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more. The thickness can be set to 5 ⁇ m or less.
- Examples of the method for forming the primer layer include a method of applying a primer layer composition on the first layer.
- coating methods include gravure coating, gravure reverse coating, gravure offset coating, spin coating, roll coating, reverse roll coating, blade coating, dip coating, screen printing, and die coating. Common coating methods include. Further, a transfer method can also be used as a method for forming the primer layer.
- the laminate 10A in this embodiment may have a decorative layer 7 between the first layer 1 and the second layer 2.
- the laminate 10A of laminated bodies in this embodiment may have the decoration layer 7 and the primer layer 6, as shown in FIG.5(c).
- the decorative layer 7 may be arranged between the primer layer 6 and the second layer.
- the decorative layer contains a colorant and a binder resin.
- the binder resin contained in the decorative layer is not particularly limited, and resins commonly used in decorative layers can be used.
- the coloring agent contained in the decorative layer is not particularly limited, and any known coloring agent used in general decorative layers can be used.
- the decorative layer is usually placed on a portion of the first layer. Further, the decorative layer may have a pattern shape.
- the thickness of the decorative layer is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less.
- the laminate in this embodiment preferably has a total light transmittance of, for example, 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, and 88% or more. It is more preferable that By having such a high total light transmittance, a laminate with good transparency can be obtained.
- the haze of the laminate in this embodiment is, for example, preferably 2.0% or less, more preferably 1.5% or less, and even more preferably 1.0% or less. By having such a low haze, a laminate with good transparency can be obtained.
- the haze of the laminate can be measured in accordance with JIS K-7136, for example, using a haze meter HM150 manufactured by Murakami Color Research Institute.
- the laminate in this embodiment has flexibility.
- the curvature radius of the bent portion of the laminate from a flat state is 1.
- the second layer does not peel off when the above cycle is repeated 200,000 times, with the operation of folding the laminate to 5 mm and opening it again to a flat state as one cycle.
- one cycle is the operation of folding the laminate from a flat state so that the radius of curvature of the bent part is 1.25 mm, and opening it again to a flat state, and the above cycle is repeated 20 times. It is preferable that the second layer does not peel off even when the process is repeated 10,000 times.
- the second layer does not peel off when the above test is conducted with the radius of curvature of the bent portion set to 4 mm.
- the clamshell type bending test is performed as follows using, for example, a small tabletop durability testing system Tension-Free (registered trademark) Folding Clamshell-type (manufactured by Yuasa System Equipment Co., Ltd.).
- Tension-Free (registered trademark) Folding Clamshell-type manufactured by Yuasa System Equipment Co., Ltd.
- the laminate is held between two bull-jointed clamshell plates.
- the two plates open and close while maintaining the same angle to each other through parallel links.
- FIGS. 15(a) and 15(b) the sample of the laminate 10 is fixed flat on two plates 101A and 101B on the same plane.
- FIG. 15(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 15(a).
- FIG. 15(c) the two plates 101A and 101B are rotated symmetrically about the plane I will make it happen.
- the laminate is folded with a predetermined radius of curvature R between the two plates.
- a cycle is then completed by returning the two plates to position the stack on the same plane so that the stack is initially flat.
- the distance between the two plates is d1, and d1/2 substantially corresponds to the radius of curvature R.
- the laminate may be folded so that the first layer of the laminate is on the inside, or the laminate may be folded so that the third layer of the laminate is on the inside. In either case, it is preferable to have the above-mentioned bending resistance. In this embodiment, especially when the laminate is folded so that the first layer of the laminate is on the inside, it is preferable to have the above-mentioned bending resistance.
- the second layer does not peel off in the U-shaped bending test described below.
- the laminate may be folded so that the first layer of the laminate is on the inside, or the laminate may be folded so that the third layer of the laminate is on the inside, but either Even in this case, it is preferable to have the above-mentioned bending resistance.
- the laminate especially when the laminate is folded so that the first layer of the laminate is on the inside, it is preferable to have the above-mentioned bending resistance.
- the U-bending test is performed as follows. First, a test piece of a laminate with a size of 20 mm x 100 mm is prepared. Next, as shown in FIG. 14(a), the short side 10P of the laminate 10 and the short side 10Q opposite the short side 10P are fixed by fixing parts 100A and 100B arranged in parallel, respectively. Fix it. As shown in FIG. 14(a), the fixed portion 100B is capable of sliding in the horizontal direction. Next, as shown in FIGS.
- the stacked body 10 is bent into a U-shape, and the stacked body 10 is The laminate is bent 180 degrees so that the distance d2 between the short sides 10P and 10Q is 3.0 mm. Repeat this operation 200,000 times.
- peel strength of the laminate in this embodiment is, for example, 5 N/20 mm width or more, may be 6 N/20 mm width or more, or may be 10 N/20 mm width or more. If the peel strength is greater than or equal to the above value, the adhesive force of the second layer is sufficient, resulting in a laminate in which the first layer and the third layer are sufficiently bonded. That is, in the laminate in this embodiment, the peel strength between the first layer and the second layer and the peel strength between the second layer and the third layer are preferably within the above ranges. On the other hand, the peel strength of the laminate is, for example, 50 N/20 mm width or less, and may be 40 N/20 mm width or less.
- peel strength can be measured by a 180 degree peel test based on JIS Z0237:2009.
- a test piece with a width of 20 mm and a length of 100 mm is cut out from the laminate.
- "Autograph AG-X 1N (Load cell: SBL-1KN)" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation as a universal testing machine (tensile testing machine) a 180 degree peel test was conducted in accordance with JIS Z0237:2009 at a temperature of 25°C.
- the peel strength is measured by peeling at the interface between the first layer and the third layer under the conditions of a tensile tester with a distance between chucks of 50 mm, a tensile speed of 300 mm/min, and a peel angle of 180 degrees.
- the laminate in this embodiment can be used as a material disposed closer to the viewer than the display panel in a display device, that is, as a front plate.
- the laminate in this embodiment can be used, for example, in display devices used in electronic devices such as smartphones, tablet terminals, wearable terminals, personal computers, televisions, digital signage, public information displays (PID), and in-vehicle displays. .
- the laminate in this embodiment can be preferably used for flexible displays such as foldable displays, rollable displays, and bendable displays, and particularly preferably for foldable displays.
- the laminate in this embodiment When the laminate in this embodiment is placed on the surface of a display device, it may be placed so that the surface on the third layer side is on the display panel side and the surface on the first layer side is on the outside.
- the side surface may be placed on the display panel side and the third layer side surface may be placed on the outside, the former is preferable.
- the method for disposing the laminate in this embodiment on the surface of the display device is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, a method using an adhesive layer.
- the adhesive layer a known adhesive layer used for adhering laminates in display devices can be used.
- the laminate in this embodiment is a laminate having a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer in this order, and the recovery rate by the nanoindentation method in the cross section of the second layer is a predetermined value. is greater than or equal to the value.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminate according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the laminate 10B in this embodiment has a first layer 1, a second layer 2, a fourth layer 4, and a third layer 3 in this order in the thickness direction DT .
- the second layer 2 and the fourth layer 4 each have a cross-sectional recovery rate determined by the nanoindentation method that is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
- the laminate having the first layer, second layer, fourth layer, and third layer repeatedly bends when the bent portion is localized.
- the second layer peels off from the first layer or the third layer peels off from the fourth layer.
- This phenomenon is thought to be caused by the fact that the harder the layer (for example, a layer with a higher composite modulus), the higher the shear stress concentrated at the bent portion, which makes peeling more likely.
- the inventors of the present disclosure have found that the ease with which the second layer and the fourth layer peel off does not depend on the composite modulus of elasticity. Furthermore, the inventors of the present disclosure have conducted extensive studies, and for the same reason as mentioned above, by setting the recovery rate by the nanoindentation method in each cross section of the second layer and the fourth layer to a predetermined value or more, It has been found that even when the bent portion is localized, peeling of the second layer and peeling of the fourth layer can be suppressed, resulting in good bending resistance.
- Second Layer The second layer in this embodiment is disposed between the first layer and the third layer, and, together with the fourth layer, functions as a bonding layer that bonds the first layer and the third layer.
- the recovery rate by the nanoindentation method in the cross section in the thickness direction of the second layer is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
- the fourth layer in this embodiment is disposed between the first layer and the third layer, and functions together with the second layer as a bonding layer for bonding the first layer and the third layer. Furthermore, it is arranged between the second layer and the third layer and has a function as a shock absorbing layer. By disposing the fourth layer, when an impact is applied to the laminate, the impact can be absorbed and the impact resistance can be improved. Moreover, when the third layer is a glass base material, cracking of the glass base material can be suppressed.
- the restoration rate by the nanoindentation method in the cross section in the thickness direction of the fourth layer is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
- the cross section in the thickness direction of the fourth layer is a cross section obtained by cutting the fourth layer in the thickness direction D T (the lamination direction of the laminate).
- the recovery rate by nanoindentation method on the cross section of the fourth layer is usually 10% or more, may be 20% or more, and may be 30% or more. , 40% or more, or 50% or more.
- the restoration rate may be, for example, 80% or less, may be 70% or less, or may be 60% or less.
- the range is preferably 10% or more and 80% or less, more preferably 20% or more and 70% or less, particularly preferably 30% or more and 60% or less.
- the method for measuring the recovery rate using the nanoindentation method on the cross section of the fourth layer is the same as the method for measuring the recovery rate using the nanoindentation method on the cross section of the second layer in the first embodiment.
- the fourth layer in this embodiment may have a composite modulus of, for example, 0.01 GPa or more, preferably 0.05 GPa or more, and more preferably more than 0.05 GPa. Furthermore, 3.0 GPa or more is particularly preferable. It is preferable that the composite modulus of the fourth layer is equal to or greater than the above value because the impact resistance of the laminate improves. Further, the fourth layer has a composite modulus of elasticity of, for example, 7.0 GPa or less, may be 6.5 GPa or less, or may be 6.3 GPa or less.
- the method for measuring the composite modulus of the fourth layer is the same as the method for measuring the composite modulus of the second layer in the first embodiment.
- the ratio of the indentation hardness H IT (MPa) to the composite elastic modulus E r (GPa) (indentation hardness H IT /composite elastic modulus E r ) is, for example, greater than 30. , 40 or more. On the other hand, it is, for example, 85 or less, and may be 70 or less. If the indentation hardness H IT /composite elastic modulus E r is equal to or greater than the above value, the bending resistance tends to be good.
- the method for measuring the indentation hardness HIT is the same as the method for measuring the indentation hardness HIT of the second layer in the first embodiment.
- the fourth layer preferably contains resin.
- the resin contained in the fourth layer is not particularly limited as long as it has transparency and shock absorbing properties, and the fourth layer has the above-mentioned recovery rate.
- resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polyimide resin refers to a polymer having an imide bond in the main chain.
- examples of the polyimide resin include polyimide, polyamideimide, polyesterimide, polyetherimide, and the like.
- the fourth layer can further contain additives, if necessary.
- additives include adhesion improvers, inorganic particles, organic particles, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, surfactants, and the like.
- Examples of the method for forming the fourth layer include a method of applying a resin composition on the third layer.
- the coating method is not particularly limited as long as it can be applied to a desired thickness, such as gravure coating, gravure reverse coating, gravure offset coating, spin coating, roll coating, reverse roll coating, Common coating methods include blade coating, dip coating, spray coating, die coating, and screen printing.
- methods for forming the fourth layer include a transfer method in which the fourth layer is transferred to the main surface of the third layer, and a method in which a film-like fourth layer is bonded to the main surface of the third layer via an adhesive layer. It can also be used.
- adhesion improvement treatment such as corona treatment may be performed on the first main surface S1 of the third layer on the fourth layer side.
- the adhesion improvement treatment may be performed on the side surface SS of the third layer, which will be described later.
- the thickness of the fourth layer is, for example, preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 20 ⁇ m or more. On the other hand, it is preferably 80 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 70 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 60 ⁇ m or less. Specifically, the range is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 70 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the fourth layer is too thick, there is a risk that the bending resistance will be impaired. On the other hand, if the thickness of the fourth layer is too thin, adhesiveness cannot be ensured and there is a risk of the fourth layer peeling off.
- the total thickness of the second layer and the fourth layer is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 75 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the third layer 3 usually has a first main surface S1 on the fourth layer side, a second main surface S2 opposite to the first main surface S1, and a second main surface S2 opposite to the first main surface S1. 2. It has a side surface SS different from the two main surfaces S2.
- the fourth layer 4 when the third layer 3 is a glass base material, the fourth layer 4 preferably covers the side surface SS of the third layer 3. In this case, the width W4 of the fourth layer 4 is larger than the width W3 of the third layer 3.
- the strength of the side surface of the glass substrate can be increased.
- the fourth layer can fill in microcracks on the side surface of the glass base material, thereby increasing the strength of the side surface of the glass base material. Therefore, the impact resistance of the end portion of the glass laminate can be improved.
- the degree of coverage of the side surfaces of the third layer with the fourth layer is not particularly limited as long as it is possible to increase the strength of the side surfaces of the third layer by covering the side surfaces of the third layer with the fourth layer.
- the entire side surface of the third layer may be covered with the fourth layer, or a portion of the side surface of the third layer may be covered with the fourth layer.
- the fourth layer 4 covers the entire side surface of the third layer 3.
- the fourth layer 4 covers a part of the side surface of the third layer 3.
- the degree of coverage of the side surface of the third layer by the fourth layer in the thickness direction DT is as follows:
- the ratio of the thickness Tc4 (Tc4/T3) is, for example, 0.5 or more, may be 0.6 or more, or may be 0.7 or more. On the other hand, for example, it is 1.0 or less, may be 0.9 or less, or may be 0.8 or less.
- the ratio (Tc4/T3) is, for example, not less than 0.5 and not more than 1.0, may be not less than 0.6 and not more than 0.9, and not less than 0.7 and not more than 0. It may be 8 or less. When the ratio is within the above range, the impact resistance of the side surface of the glass substrate becomes good.
- the shape of the glass substrate is usually rectangular parallelepiped and hexahedral. Further, even when the glass substrate is chamfered, for example, the shape of the glass substrate is usually a rectangular parallelepiped and can be considered to be approximately hexahedral.
- the glass substrate has opposing first and second surfaces and four side surfaces.
- the degree of coverage of the side surfaces of the glass substrate with the second layer may be such that at least one side surface among the four side surfaces of the glass substrate is covered with the second layer. That is, in this case, among the four side surfaces of the glass substrate, one side surface may be coated with the fourth layer, two side surfaces may be coated with the fourth layer, and three side surfaces may be coated with the fourth layer. It may be coated with four layers, and the four sides may be coated with the fourth layer.
- the fourth layer is coated with the fourth layer.
- two parallel sides are coated with the second layer. This is because when the glass laminate is bent, cracks can be suppressed from occurring in the bent portions, and the bending resistance can be improved.
- the laminate in this embodiment may have other layers in addition to the first, second, fourth, and third layers described above.
- the member for a display device in this embodiment can further include a functional layer on the side of the first layer opposite to the third layer and between the first layer and the second layer.
- Examples of the functional layer disposed on the side of the first layer opposite to the third layer include a hard coat layer, a protective layer, an antireflection layer, an antiglare layer, and the like.
- Examples of the functional layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer include a decorative layer and a primer layer.
- the laminate in this embodiment preferably further includes a hard coat layer 5 on the side of the first layer 1 opposite to the third layer 3, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the laminate in this embodiment may have a primer layer 6 between the first layer 1 and the second layer 2, as shown in FIG. 10(a).
- the laminate in this embodiment may have a decorative layer 7 between the first layer 1 and the second layer 2, as shown in FIG. 10(b).
- the laminate in this embodiment may have a decorative layer 7 and a primer layer 6 between the first layer 1 and the second layer 2, as shown in FIG. 10(c).
- the decorative layer 7 may be arranged between the primer layer 6 and the second layer 2.
- Total light transmittance and haze The total light transmittance and haze of the laminate in this embodiment can be the same as the total light transmittance and haze of the laminate in the first embodiment.
- the laminate in this embodiment has flexibility.
- the second layer does not peel off from the first layer and the fourth layer does not peel off from the third layer in the above-mentioned clamshell bending test and U-shaped bending test. It is preferable.
- the laminated film in this embodiment has the adhesion evaluation result between the third layer and the fourth layer carried out by the cross-cut method specified in JIS K 5600-5-6:1999. is preferably 1 point or less.
- the outline of the evaluation of the adhesion strength between the third layer and the fourth layer by the cross-cut method is as follows. First, an evaluation sample consisting of a third layer and a fourth layer is obtained. A plurality of right-angled lattice patterns are formed by cutting through the fourth layer of the evaluation sample using a cutter knife or the like. At this time, it is preferable to use a cross-cutting jig that can form a plurality of right-angled lattice patterns continuously and neatly. Next, an adhesive tape having an adhesive layer on one side, such as adhesive cellophane tape, is attached so as to cover the entire grid formed above.
- Classification 0 is given 0 points
- classification 1 is given 1 point
- classification 2 is given 1 point
- classification 3 is given 3 points
- classification 4 is given 4 points
- classification 5 is given 5 points.
- the size of one side of the lattice pattern is 2 mm. Note that in order to properly contact the adhesive tape with the fourth layer, rub the adhesive tape firmly with your fingertips. Visually check that everything is properly adhered. Peel off the tape within 5 minutes after attaching the adhesive tape, grasp the edge of the tape at an angle as close to 60° as possible, and make sure to pull it off within about 0.5 seconds or more and 1.0 seconds or less. .
- Category 0 The edges of the cuts are completely smooth and there is no peeling on any of the gratings.
- Category 1 There is small peeling of the paint film at the intersection of cuts. However, the cross-cut portion is clearly affected by no more than 5%.
- Category 2 The coating is peeling off along the edges of the cut and/or at the intersections. The cross-cut portion is clearly affected by more than 5%, but not more than 15%.
- Category 3 The paint film has partially or completely peeled off along the edges of the cut, and/or various parts of the eye have partially or completely peeled off. The cross-cut area is clearly affected by more than 15%, but never more than 35%.
- Category 4 The paint film has partially or completely peeled off along the edge of the cut, and/or several spots have partially or completely peeled off. The cross-cut area is clearly affected by no more than 65%.
- Category 5 Any degree of peeling that cannot be classified even in Category 4.
- the peel strength between the fourth layer and the second layer is, for example, 5N/20mm width or more, may be 6N/20mm width or more, or 10N/20mm width or more. There may be. If the peel strength is greater than or equal to the above value, the adhesive force of the second layer is sufficient, resulting in a laminate in which the second layer and the fourth layer are sufficiently bonded. On the other hand, the peel strength of the laminate is, for example, 50 N/20 mm width or less, and may be 40 N/20 mm width or less.
- peel strength can be measured by a 180 degree peel test based on JIS Z0237:2009.
- a test piece with a width of 20 mm and a length of 100 mm is cut out from the laminate.
- "Autograph AG-X 1N (Load cell: SBL-1KN)" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation as a universal testing machine (tensile testing machine) a 180 degree peel test was conducted in accordance with JIS Z0237:2009 at a temperature of 25°C.
- the peel strength is measured by peeling at the interface between the second layer and the fourth layer under the conditions of a tensile tester with a distance between chucks of 50 mm, a tensile speed of 300 mm/min, and a peel angle of 180 degrees.
- the display device includes a display panel and the above-mentioned laminate arranged on the viewer side of the display panel.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device according to the present disclosure, and is an example including the above-mentioned laminate.
- the display device 20 includes a display panel 21 and a laminate 10 (the laminate 10A of the first embodiment or the laminate 10A of the second embodiment) disposed on the viewer side of the display panel 21. 10B).
- the laminate 10 is used as a member disposed on the front side of the display device 20, and an adhesive layer 22 is disposed between the laminate 10 and the display panel 21.
- the laminate in the present disclosure can be the same as the laminate described above.
- Examples of the display panel in the present disclosure include display panels used in display devices such as liquid crystal display devices, organic EL display devices, and LED display devices.
- the display device can include a touch panel member between the display panel and the laminate.
- the display device in the present disclosure is preferably a flexible display. Above all, it is preferable that the display device in the present disclosure is foldable. That is, it is more preferable that the display device in the present disclosure is a foldable display. Since the display device according to the present disclosure includes the above-described laminate, it has excellent impact resistance and bending resistance, and is suitable as a flexible display or even a foldable display.
- Laminate Member The laminate member of the present disclosure can be used in the laminate described in "A-1. Laminate (First Embodiment)” or “A-2. Laminate (Second Embodiment)". A member for a laminate, in which the first layer and the second layer in "A-1. laminate (first embodiment)” or “A-2. laminate (second embodiment)" are laminated. That's what happens.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the laminate member according to the present disclosure.
- the laminate member 15 shown in FIG. 12 has a first layer 1 and a second layer 2, and the recovery rate of the cross section of the second layer 2 by the nanoindentation method is 10% or more.
- Such a laminate member 15 is used to manufacture a laminate 10A having a first layer 1, a second layer 2, and a third layer 3 in this order, as shown in FIG. 1, for example. .
- such a laminate member 15 is a laminate having a first layer 1, a second layer 2, a fourth layer 4, and a third layer 3 in this order, as shown in FIG. 6, for example. Used to manufacture 10B.
- the above-mentioned laminate 10A is manufactured by bringing the second layer side surface of the laminate member according to the present disclosure into close contact with a glass substrate or a resin substrate serving as the third layer. Further, the second layer side surface of the laminate member (first laminate member) in the present disclosure may be brought into close contact with the fourth layer side surface of the second laminate member having the fourth layer and the third layer. By doing so, the above-mentioned laminate 10B is manufactured. According to such a member for a laminate, a laminate having good bending resistance can be obtained for the reasons mentioned above.
- the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the fourth layer are the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the fourth layer in the above-mentioned "A-1. Laminate (first embodiment)" and "A-2. Laminate (second embodiment)". This is the same as the first layer, second layer, third layer, and fourth layer.
- a PET film with a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was prepared as the first layer.
- the following curable resin composition for hard coat layer is applied to one side of the PET film to a predetermined thickness, dried at 80°C for 3 minutes, and then cured by UV irradiation to form a hard coat with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m. formed a layer.
- the curable resin composition for the hard coat layer was prepared by blending each component to have the composition shown below.
- ⁇ Mixture of dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate and dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate M403, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.
- 25 parts by mass ⁇ Dipentaerythritol EO modified hexaacrylate (A-DPH-6E, manufactured by Shin Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) 25 parts by mass
- Irregular silica fine particles average particle size 25 nm, manufactured by JGC Catalysts & Chemicals
- ⁇ Photopolymerization initiator Irg184
- F568, manufactured by DIC Corporation 0.2 parts by mass (solid equivalent)
- ⁇ Ultraviolet absorber 1 DAIINSORB P6, manufactured by Daiwa Kasei
- the second layer composition A was applied to the other side of the PET film and dried to form a bonding layer A (second layer) with a thickness of 5 ⁇ m. Thereby, a member for a laminate including a first layer and a second layer was obtained.
- the second layer side surface of the laminate member is brought into close contact with a glass base material (chemically strengthened glass, thickness 30 ⁇ m), heat-sealed, and then aged, so that the first layer and the second layer A laminate having a layer and a third layer was produced.
- a glass base material chemically strengthened glass, thickness 30 ⁇ m
- Composition A for the second layer was prepared by blending each component so as to have the composition shown below.
- Composition A for second layer 100 parts by mass of amorphous polyester resin (Mw 16,000, Tg 7°C, tensile elongation at break 1%) - 5 parts by mass of hexamethylene diisocyanate (Coronate 2203, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industries) - Silane coupling agent (KBM) -403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 5 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine leveling agent (F568, manufactured by DIC Corporation) 0.2 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (MEK) 310 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (toluene) 310 parts by mass
- Example 1-1 A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example, except that the second layer composition B was used instead of the second layer composition A to form the bonding layer B (second layer).
- Composition B for the second layer was prepared by blending each component so as to have the composition shown below.
- Composition B for second layer - Polyether urethane resin (Tg - 45°C), 100 parts by mass - Hexamethylene diisocyanate (Coronate 2203, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industries, Ltd.) 5 parts by mass - Silane coupling agent (KBM-403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 5 Parts by mass: Fluorine leveling agent (F568, manufactured by DIC) 0.2 parts by mass; Solvent (MEK) 310 parts by mass; Solvent (toluene) 310 parts by mass
- Example 1-2 A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example, except that the second layer composition C was used instead of the second layer composition A to form the bonding layer C (second layer).
- Composition C for the second layer was prepared by blending each component so as to have the composition shown below.
- Composition C for second layer 100 parts by mass of amorphous polyester resin (Mw 16,000, Tg 65°C, tensile elongation at break 3%) - 5 parts by mass of hexamethylene diisocyanate (Coronate 2203, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industries) - Silane coupling agent (KBM) -403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 5 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine leveling agent (F568, manufactured by DIC Corporation) 0.2 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (MEK) 310 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (toluene) 310 parts by mass
- Example 1-3 A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example, except that the second layer composition D was used instead of the second layer composition A to form the bonding layer D (second layer).
- Composition D for the second layer was prepared by blending each component so as to have the composition shown below.
- Composition D for second layer 100 parts by mass of amorphous polyester resin (Mw 16,000, Tg 20°C, tensile elongation at break 1100%) - 5 parts by mass of hexamethylene diisocyanate (Coronate 2203, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industries) - Silane coupling agent (KBM) -403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 5 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine leveling agent (F568, manufactured by DIC Corporation) 0.2 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (MEK) 310 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (toluene) 310 parts by mass
- Example 1-4 A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example, except that the second layer composition E was used instead of the second layer composition A to form the bonding layer E (second layer).
- the second layer composition E was prepared by blending each component so as to have the composition shown below.
- Example 1-5 A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example, except that the second layer composition F was used instead of the second layer composition A to form the bonding layer F (second layer).
- Composition F for the second layer was prepared by blending each component so as to have the composition shown below.
- Composition F for second layer 100 parts by mass of amorphous polyester resin (Mw 16,000, Tg 40°C, tensile elongation at break 3%) - 5 parts by mass of hexamethylene diisocyanate (Coronate 2203, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industries) - Silane coupling agent (KBM) -403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 5 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine leveling agent (F568, manufactured by DIC Corporation) 0.2 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (MEK) 310 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (toluene) 310 parts by mass
- Example 1-6 A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example, except that the second layer composition G was used instead of the second layer composition A to form the bonding layer G (second layer).
- composition G for the second layer was prepared by blending each component so as to have the composition shown below.
- Composition G for second layer Modified polyolefin resin (Tg 0°C or less) 100 parts by mass - Hexamethylene diisocyanate (Coronate 2203, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industries, Ltd.) 5 parts by mass - Silane coupling agent (KBM-403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 5 parts by mass - Fluorine Leveling agent (F568, manufactured by DIC) 0.2 parts by mass / Solvent (MEK) 310 parts by mass / Solvent (toluene) 310 parts by mass
- Tg 0°C or less 100 parts by mass - Hexamethylene diisocyanate (Coronate 2203, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industries, Ltd.) 5 parts by mass - Silane coupling agent (KBM-403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 5 parts by mass - Flu
- Example 1-7 A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example, except that the second layer composition H was used instead of the second layer composition A to form the bonding layer H (second layer).
- Composition H for the second layer was prepared by blending each component so as to have the composition shown below.
- (Composition H for second layer) - Polyester resin (Tg 70°C, tensile elongation at break 2%) 100 parts by mass - Hexamethylene diisocyanate (Coronate 2203, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industries, Ltd.) 5 parts by mass - Silane coupling agent (KBM-403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) ) 5 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine leveling agent (F568, manufactured by DIC Corporation) 0.2 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (MEK) 310 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (toluene) 310 parts by mass
- Example 1-8 As the second layer, a 50 ⁇ m thick bonding layer (acrylic adhesive sheet, OCA, Tg -9°C) (3M “8146-2”) was laminated using a hand roller to form bonding layer I. A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example except for the formation.
- acrylic adhesive sheet, OCA, Tg -9°C 3M "8146-2”
- Example 1-9 As the second layer, a bonding layer (acrylic adhesive sheet, OCA, Tg -8°C) (Panaclean PD-S1 manufactured by Panac) with a film thickness of 10 ⁇ m was laminated using a hand roller. A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example except that J was formed.
- a bonding layer (acrylic adhesive sheet, OCA, Tg -8°C) (Panaclean PD-S1 manufactured by Panac) with a film thickness of 10 ⁇ m was laminated using a hand roller.
- a laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example except that J was formed.
- Example 1-10 A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example, except that the second layer composition K was used instead of the second layer composition A to form the bonding layer K (second layer).
- Composition K for the second layer was prepared by blending each component so as to have the composition shown below.
- Composition K for second layer 100 parts by mass of polyester urethane resin (UR-8300, solid content 30%, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) - 1.5 parts by mass of hexane methylene diisocyanate (Coronate 2203, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industries) - Silane coupling agent (KBM-403) , manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1.5 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine leveling agent (F568, manufactured by DIC Corporation) 0.2 parts by mass (solid equivalent) ⁇ Solvent (MEK) 58 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (toluene) 58 parts by mass
- Example 1-11 A laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in the comparative example, except that the second layer composition L was used instead of the second layer composition A to form the bonding layer L (second layer).
- composition L for the second layer was prepared by blending each component so as to have the composition shown below.
- Composition L for second layer ⁇ Polyester urethane resin (UR-5537, solid content 30%, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) 100 parts by mass ⁇ Hexane methylene diisocyanate (Coronate 2203, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 1.5 parts by mass ⁇ Silane coupling agent (KBM-403) , manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1.5 parts by mass ⁇ Fluorine leveling agent (F568, manufactured by DIC Corporation) 0.2 parts by mass (solid equivalent) ⁇ Solvent (MEK) 58 parts by mass ⁇ Solvent (toluene) 58 parts by mass
- Example 1-12 The same as the comparative example except that the above-described composition D for the second layer was used instead of the composition A for the second layer, and a bonding layer D (second layer) was formed so as to cover the side surface of the third layer.
- a laminate was produced in a similar manner. At this time, the ratio (Tc2/T3) of the thickness Tc2 of the side surface of the third layer covered with the second layer to the thickness T3 of the third layer was set to 0.7.
- the obtained laminate was subjected to an impact test as illustrated in FIG. 16.
- the sample stand 31 and the rail 32 were arranged at an angle of 16 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.
- the laminate 10 was placed on the sample stage 31, and a weight 33 was placed on the laminate 10 to fix the laminate 10.
- the laminate 10 was fixed so that the end of the laminate 10 protruded from the side surface of the sample stage 31 by 2 mm.
- a steel ball 34 weighing 5.5 g and having a diameter of 11 mm was dropped from a predetermined distance L along the rail 32 and collided with the side surface of the laminate 10.
- ⁇ Second embodiment> [Example 2-1] (Production of member for laminate) First, a PET film with a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was prepared as the first layer. The above-mentioned curable resin composition for hard coat layer is applied to one side of the PET film to a predetermined thickness, dried at 80°C for 3 minutes, and then cured by ultraviolet irradiation to form a hard coat with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m. formed a layer.
- the above-mentioned second layer composition D was applied to the other side of the PET film and dried to form a bonding layer D (second layer) with a thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
- a bonding layer D (second layer) with a thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
- the following resin composition for the fourth layer is applied so as to cover one main surface of the glass substrate (chemically strengthened glass, thickness 30 ⁇ m) as the third layer and the side surface of the third layer.
- a fourth layer having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m was formed.
- the ratio (Tc4/T3) of the thickness Tc4 of the side surface of the third layer covered with the fourth layer to the thickness T3 of the third layer was set to 0.3.
- the glass substrate serving as the third layer was subjected to corona treatment (100 W, 3 mm/min) as a pretreatment.
- the surface on the second layer side of the first member for a laminate is brought into close contact with the surface on the fourth layer side of the second member for a laminate, heat-sealed, and then aged.
- a laminate having a second layer, a fourth layer, and a third layer was produced.
- Example 2-2 Same as Example 2-1 except that the ratio (Tc4/T3) of the thickness Tc4 of the side surface of the third layer covered by the fourth layer to the thickness T3 of the third layer was 0.9.
- the laminate was manufactured by the method.
- Example 2-3 Except that the thickness of the fourth layer was 25 ⁇ m and the ratio (Tc4/T3) of the thickness Tc4 of the side surface of the third layer covered by the fourth layer to the thickness T3 of the third layer was 0.7. produced a laminate in the same manner as in Example 2-1.
- Example 2-4 Except that the thickness of the fourth layer was 50 ⁇ m and the ratio (Tc4/T3) of the thickness Tc4 of the side surface of the third layer covered by the fourth layer to the thickness T3 of the third layer was 0.6. produced a laminate in the same manner as in Example 2-1.
- each of the second layer and the fourth layer has a U-shaped cross-sectional restoration rate of 10% or more by the nanoindentation method.
- the clamshell bending test also confirmed that the product had good bending resistance.
- a laminate having a first layer, a second layer, a fourth layer, and a third layer in this order, The second layer and the fourth layer each have a cross-sectional recovery rate of 10% or more by a nanoindentation method.
- the third layer includes a first main surface located on the fourth layer side, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and a side surface different from the first main surface and the second main surface. , has The laminate according to [8], wherein the fourth layer covers the side surface of the third layer.
- a display device comprising:
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Abstract
Description
本開示の第1実施形態における積層体は、第1層と、第2層と、第3層と、をこの順に有する積層体であって、第2層の断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率が、所定の値以上である。
特に、曲率半径が小さい、局所的な屈曲動作が継続される場合は、上述した剪断応力の加わり方が顕著となることが想定される。
以下、本開示の第1実施形態の積層体について、各層毎に詳細に説明する。
本実施形態における第2層は、第1層と第3層との間に配置され、第1層と第3層とを接合する接合層としての機能を有する。本実施形態においては、第2層の厚み方向の断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率が、所定の値以上である。第2層の厚み方向の断面とは、第2層を厚み方向DT(積層体の積層方向)に切断して得られる断面である。
第2層の断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率は、通常、10%以上であり、20%以上であってもよく、30%以上であってもよく、40%以上であってもよく、50%以上であってもよい。一方、上記復元率は、例えば80%以下であり、70%以下であってもよく、60%以下であってもよい。
本開示における「復元率」とは、ナノインデンテーション法により、表面皮膜物性試験機(Triboindenter TI950、BRUKER社製)を用いて測定される荷重-変位曲線から求められる値である。
まず、1mm×10mmに切り出した積層体を包埋樹脂によって包埋したブロックを作製し、このブロックから一般的な切片作製方法によって穴等がない均一な、厚さ50nm以上100nm以下の切片を切り出す。切片の作製には、「ウルトラミクロトーム EM UC7」(ライカ マイクロシステムズ社製)等を用いることができる。そして、この穴等がない均一な切片が切り出された残りのブロックを測定サンプルとする。
次いで、このような測定サンプルにおける上記切片が切り出されることによって得られた断面において、以下の測定条件で、上記圧子としてバーコビッチ(Berkovich)圧子(三角錐、BRUKER社製のTI-0039)を第2層の断面中央に10秒かけて最大押し込み荷重25μNまで垂直に押し込む。その後、一定保持して残留応力の緩和を行った後、10秒かけて除荷させる。ここで、バーコビッチ圧子を押し込む位置は、第2層の厚み方向の略中心とすることが好ましい。略中心とは、第2層の厚みをT[μm]と定義した際に、第2層の厚み方向の中心からのズレが±0.1T以内であることを意味する。具体的には、第2層の厚み方向の中心からのズレが±0.1μmであることが好ましい。
・使用圧子:バーコビッチ圧子(三角錐、型番:TI-0039、BRUKER社製)
・押し込み条件:荷重制御方式
(測定条件1)
・最大荷重:25μN
・荷重印加時間:10秒間(0μN→25μN 速度:2.5μN/sec)
・保持時間:5秒間
・荷重除荷時間:10秒間(25μN→0μN 速度:-2.5μN/sec)
・最大荷重:3μN
・荷重印加時間:10秒間(0μN→3μN、速度:0.3μN/秒)
・保持時間:5秒
・荷重除荷時間:10秒間(3μN→0μN、速度:-0.3μN/秒)
※荷重印加後においても押し込まれる場合には、保持時間を5秒→50秒の範囲内で調整する。
復元率[%]=(除荷後の変位量/最大変位量)×100
本実施形態における第2層は、複合弾性率が、例えば、0.01GPa以上であってもよく、0.05GPa以上が好ましく、0.05GPaより大きいことがより好ましい。第2層の複合弾性率が上記値以上であれば、積層体の耐傷性が向上するため好ましい。また、第2層は、複合弾性率が、例えば7.0GPa以下であり、6.0GPa以下であってもよい。
本実施形態における第2層は、複合弾性率Er(GPa)に対するインデンテーション硬さHIT(MPa)の割合(インデンテーション硬さHIT/複合弾性率Er)が、例えば、30より大きく、40以上であってもよい。一方、例えば、85以下であり、70以下であってもよい。インデンテーション硬さHIT/複合弾性率Erが上記値以上であれば、耐屈曲性が良好となる傾向がある。なお、ガラス等の複合弾性率が70GPa程度の高硬度の材料の場合、HIT/Erが高い場合、脆性破壊が生じやすい傾向にあるが、複合弾性率が数GPa以下の領域では、HIT/Erが上記値以上であると、耐屈曲性が良好となる傾向が見られる。
HIT=Pmax/Ap …(2)
ここで、Apは、標準試料の溶融石英(BRUKER社製の5-0098)を用いてOliver-Pharr法で圧子先端曲率を補正した接触投影面積である。
第2層は、樹脂を有することが好ましい。第2層に含まれる樹脂としては、第2層が上述した復元率となるものであれば特に限定されない。また、第2層は、第1層と第3層とを接合するための接合層としての機能を有する。
中でも、上記復元率を10%以上とすることができる材料として、好ましいものは、ポリエステル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、オレフィン樹脂等を挙げることができる。
第2層の厚さは、例えば、1μm以上であることが好ましく、1.5μm以上であることがさらに好ましく、2.0μm以上であることが特に好ましい。一方、100μm以下であることが好ましく、75μm以下であることがさらに好ましく、50μm以下であることが特に好ましい。具体的には、1μm以上、100μm以下の範囲が好ましく、1.5μm以上、75μm以下の範囲がさらに好ましく、2.0μm以上、50μm以下の範囲であることが特に好ましい。第2層の厚さが厚すぎると、耐屈曲性が損なわれるおそれがある。一方、第2層の厚さが薄すぎると、接着性が担保できず剥がれてしまうおそれがある。
第1層は、通常、樹脂を含有する。また、第1層は、光透過性を有し、本実施形態における積層体を表示装置の表示パネルの観察者側に配置する場合に、後述する第3層よりも観察者側に配置される。第1層は、衝撃吸収性を有する衝撃吸収層や、例えば、第3層がガラス基材である場合に、ガラス基材が割れたときのガラスの飛散を抑制する飛散防止層としても機能することができる。例えば、第3層がガラス基材である場合に、ガラス基材に第1層が配置されていることにより、積層体に衝撃が加わった際に、第1層が衝撃を吸収し、ガラス基材の割れを抑制することができ、耐衝撃性を高めることができる。さらに、第1層によって、ガラス基材がたとえ破損した場合であってもガラスの飛散を抑制することができる。
第1層に含まれる樹脂としては、具体的には、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリイミド系樹脂、セルロース系樹脂、シクロオレフィンポリマー(COP)、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン、アクリル系樹脂、シクロオレフィン(COP)、ポリカーボネート(PC)等が挙げられる。透明性および衝撃吸収性を有する樹脂層を得ることができるためである。これらの樹脂は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
第1層は、必要に応じて、添加剤をさらに含有することができる。添加剤としては、例えば、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、酸化防止剤、無機粒子、巻き取りを円滑にするためのシリカフィラー、製膜性や脱泡性を向上させる界面活性剤、密着性向上剤等が挙げられる。
第3層は、透明性を有するものであれば特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、ガラス基材および樹脂基材が挙げられる。本実施形態においては、ガラス基材が好ましい。
ガラス基材を構成するガラスとしては、透明性を有するものであれば特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、ケイ酸塩ガラス、シリカガラス等が挙げられる。中でも、ホウケイ酸ガラス、アルミノケイ酸塩ガラス、アルミノホウケイ酸ガラスが好ましく、無アルカリガラスがより好ましい。ガラス基材の市販品としては、例えば、日本電気硝子社の超薄板ガラスG-Leafや、松浪硝子工業社の極薄膜ガラス等が挙げられる。
樹脂基材を構成する樹脂としては、透明性を有する樹脂基材を得ることができるものであれば特に限定されるものではない。
本実施形態における積層体は、上記の第1層、第2層および第3層以外に、他の層を有することができる。本実施形態における表示装置用部材は、第1層の第3層とは反対の面側、第1層と第2層との間に、機能層をさらに有することができる。第1層の第3層とは反対の面側に配置される機能層としては、例えば、ハードコート層、保護層、反射防止層、防眩層等が挙げられる。第1層と第2層との間に配置される機能層としては、加飾層、プライマー層が挙げられる。
本実施形態における積層体は、例えば図2に示すように、上記第1層1の上記第3層3とは反対の面側にハードコート層5をさらに有することが好ましい。ハードコート層は、表面硬度を高めるための部材である。ハードコート層が配置されていることにより、耐傷性を向上させることができる。
ここで、「ハードコート層」とは、表面硬度を高めるための部材であり、具体的には、本実施形態における表示装置用部材がハードコート層を有する構成において、JIS K 5600-5-4(1999)で規定される鉛筆硬度試験を行った場合に、「H」以上の硬度を示すものをいう。
ハードコート層は、単層であってもよく、2層以上の多層構造を有していてもよい。ハードコート層が多層構造を有する場合、表面硬度を向上し、かつ、耐屈曲性および弾性率のバランスを良好にするために、ハードコート層は、鉛筆硬度を充足させるための層と、動的屈曲試験を充足させるための層(耐擦傷性を充足させるための層)とを有することが好ましい。
ハードコート層の材料としては、例えば、有機材料、無機材料、有機無機複合材料等を用いることができる。
重合性化合物は、分子内に重合性官能基を少なくとも1つ有するものである。重合性化合物としては、例えば、ラジカル重合性化合物およびカチオン重合性化合物の少なくとも1種を用いることができる。
樹脂組成物は、必要に応じて重合開始剤を含有していてもよい。重合開始剤としては、ラジカル重合開始剤、カチオン重合開始剤、ラジカル及びカチオン重合開始剤等を適宜選択して用いることができる。これらの重合開始剤は、光照射及び加熱の少なくとも一種により分解されて、ラジカルもしくはカチオンを発生してラジカル重合とカチオン重合を進行させるものである。なお、ハードコート層中には、重合開始剤が全て分解されて残留していない場合もある。
ハードコート層は、無機又は有機粒子を含有することが好ましく、無機微粒子を含有することがより好ましい。ハードコート層が粒子を含有することにより、硬度を向上させることができる。
ハードコート層は、紫外線吸収剤を含有していてもよい。上記第1層の紫外線による劣化を抑制することができる。中でも、上記第1層がポリイミドを含有する場合には、ポリイミドを含有する第1層の経時的な色変化を抑制することができる。また、表示装置用部材を備える表示装置において、表示装置用部材よりも表示パネル側に配置されている部材、例えば偏光子等の紫外線による劣化を抑制することができる。
ハードコート層は、防汚剤を含有していてもよい。表示装置用部材に防汚性を付与することができる。
ハードコート層は、必要に応じて、添加剤をさらに含有することができる。添加剤としては、ハードコート層に付与する機能に応じて適宜選択され、特に限定はされないが、例えば、屈折率を調整するための無機又は有機粒子、赤外線吸収剤、防眩剤、防汚剤、帯電防止剤、青色色素や紫色色素等の着色剤、レベリング剤、界面活性剤、易滑剤、各種増感剤、難燃剤、接着付与剤、重合禁止剤、酸化防止剤、光安定化剤、表面改質剤等が挙げられる。
ハードコート層の厚さは、ハードコート層の材料や、ハードコート層が有する機能及び積層体の用途により適宜選択されればよい。例えばハードコート層の材料が有機材料である場合、ハードコート層の厚さは、2μm以上50μm以下であることが好ましく、3μm以上30μm以下であることがより好ましく、5μm以上20μm以下であることがさらに好ましく、6μm以上10μm以下であることが特に好ましい。また、例えばハードコート層の材料が無機材料である場合、ハードコート層の厚さは、数十nm程度とすることができる。ハードコート層の厚さが上記範囲内であれば、ハードコート層として十分な硬度を得ることができるとともに、耐屈曲性が良好な表示装置用部材を得ることができる。
ハードコート層の形成方法としては、ハードコート層の材料等に応じて適宜され、例えば、上記第1層上に、上記重合性化合物等を含むハードコート層用硬化性樹脂組成物を塗布し、硬化させる方法や、蒸着法、スパッタリング法等が挙げられる。
本実施形態における積層体は、上記第1層の上記第2層とは反対の面側に保護層をさらに有していてもよい。
図5(a)に示すように、本実施形態における積層体10Aは、第1層1と第2層2との間に、プライマー層6を有していてもよい。プライマー層の材料としては、第1層1と第2層2との密着性を高めることができる材料であれば特に限定されるものではなく、例えば樹脂を挙げることができる。樹脂としては、例えば、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、(メタ)アクリルウレタン共重合体、塩化ビニル-酢酸ビニル共重合体樹脂、ポリエステル、ブチラール樹脂、塩素化ポリプロピレン、塩素化ポリエチレン、エポキシ樹脂、シリコーン樹脂等が挙げられる。これらの樹脂は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
図5(b)に示すように、本実施形態における積層体10Aは、第1層1と第2層2との間に、加飾層7を有していてもよい。本実施形態における積層体10Aは、図5(c)に示すように、加飾層7およびプライマー層6を有していてもよい。この場合、加飾層7は、プライマー層6と、第2層との間に配置されていてもよい。
(1)全光線透過率およびヘイズ
本実施形態における積層体は、全光線透過率が、例えば80%以上であることが好ましく、85%以上であることがより好ましく、88%以上であることがさらに好ましい。このように全光線透過率が高いことにより、透明性が良好な積層体とすることができる。
本実施形態における積層体は、耐屈曲性を有することが好ましい。特に、本実施形態における積層体の第3層が厚さ30μmのガラス基材である場合には、クラムシェル型屈曲試験において、上記積層体を平らな状態から、屈曲部の曲率半径が1.5mmとなるように積層体を折りたたみ、再び平らな状態となるように開く動作を1つのサイクルとして、上記サイクルを20万回繰り返し行った場合に、第2層の剥がれが生じないことが好ましい。
クラムシェル型屈曲試験は、例えば、小型卓上型耐久試験システムTension-Free(登録商標)Folding Clamshell-type(ユアサシステム機器株式会社製)を用い、以下のようにして行う。小型卓上型耐久試験システムでは、積層体は、ブルジョイントクラムシェル型の2枚のプレートに保持される。2枚のプレートは、片方のプレートを回転往復駆動軸により動作させると、平行リンクによって、互いに同じ角度を保ちながら開閉する。
U字屈曲試験は、以下のようにして行われる。まず、20mm×100mmの大きさの積層体の試験片を準備する。次に、図14(a)に示されるように、積層体10の短辺部10Pと、短辺部10Pと対向する短辺部10Qとを、平行に配置された固定部100A、100Bでそれぞれ固定する。図14(a)に示すように、固定部100Bは水平方向にスライド移動可能になっている。次に、図14(b)~(c)に示すように、固定部100Aに固定部100Bを近接するように移動させることで、積層体10をU字状に屈曲させ、積層体10の対向する短辺部10P、10Qの間隔d2が3.0mmとなるように積層体を180°折り曲げる。この動作を20万回繰り返し行う。
本実施形態における積層体の剥離強度は、例えば、5N/20mm幅以上であり、6N/20mm幅以上であってもよく、10N/20mm幅以上であってもよい。剥離強度が上記値以上であれば、第2層の接着力が十分であり、第1層と第3層とが十分に接合された積層体となる。すなわち、本実施形態における積層体は、第1層と第2層との間の剥離強度、および、第2層と第3層との間の剥離強度が、上記範囲であることが好ましい。一方、積層体の剥離強度は、例えば、50N/20mm幅以下であり、40N/20mm幅以下であってもよい。
剥離強度は、JIS Z0237:2009に準拠する180度剥離試験により測定することができる。まず、積層体から、幅20mm、長さ100mmの試験片を切り出す。万能試験機(引張試験機)として、島津製作所社製の「オートグラフAG-X 1N(ロードセル:SBL-1KN)」を用い、JIS Z0237:2009に準拠する180度剥離試験により、温度25℃、引張試験機のチャック間距離50mm、引張速度300mm/分、剥離角度180度の条件で、第1層と第3層との界面で剥離して、剥離強度を測定する。
なお、試験片の幅が20mmではない場合には、上記180度剥離試験により測定されるピール強度(実測値)を、下記式により、20mm幅に換算する。
20mm幅に換算したピール強度[N/20mm]=ピール強度の実測値[N/20mm]×20[mm]/試験片の幅[mm]
本実施形態における積層体は、表示装置において、表示パネルよりも観察者側に配置される材、すなわち前面板として用いることができる。本実施形態における積層体は、例えば、スマートフォン、タブレット端末、ウェアラブル端末、パーソナルコンピュータ、テレビジョン、デジタルサイネージ、パブリックインフォメーションディスプレイ(PID)、車載ディスプレイ等の電子機器に用いられる表示装置に用いることができる。
本実施形態における積層体は、第1層と、第2層と、第3層と、をこの順に有する積層体であって、第2層の断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率が、所定の値以上である。
図6は、本開示における第2実施形態の積層体の一例を示す概略断面図である。図6に示すように、本実施形態における積層体10Bは、第1層1と、第2層2と、第4層4と、第3層3と、厚さ方向DTにおいて、この順に有する。本開示においては、第2層2および第4層4は、それぞれ、断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率が、所定の値以上である。
本実施形態における第2層は、第1層と第3層との間に配置され、第4層と共に、第1層と第3層とを接合する接合層としての機能を有する。本実施形態においては、第2層の厚み方向の断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率が、所定の値以上である。
本実施形態における第4層は、第1層と第3層との間に配置され、第2層と共に、第1層と第3層とを接合する接合層としての機能を有する。さらに、第2層と第3層との間に配置され、衝撃吸収層としての機能を有する。第4層が配置されていることにより、積層体に衝撃が加わった際に衝撃を吸収し、耐衝撃性を向上させることができる。また、第3層がガラス基材である場合には、ガラス基材の割れを抑制することができる。
第4層の断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率は、通常、10%以上であり、20%以上であってもよく、30%以上であってもよく、40%以上であってもよく、50%以上であってもよい。一方、上記復元率は、例えば80%以下であり、70%以下であってもよく、60%以下であってもよい。
本実施形態における第4層は、複合弾性率が、例えば、0.01GPa以上であってもよく、0.05GPa以上が好ましく、0.05GPaより大きいことがより好ましい。さらに、3.0GPa以上が特に好ましい。第4層の複合弾性率が上記値以上であれば、積層体の耐衝撃性が向上するため好ましい。また、第4層は、複合弾性率が、例えば7.0GPa以下であり、6.5GPa以下であってもよく、6.3GPa以下であってもよい。
本実施形態における第4層は、複合弾性率Er(GPa)に対するインデンテーション硬さHIT(MPa)の割合(インデンテーション硬さHIT/複合弾性率Er)が、例えば、30より大きく、40以上であってもよい。一方、例えば、85以下であり、70以下であってもよい。インデンテーション硬さHIT/複合弾性率Erが上記値以上であれば、耐屈曲性が良好となる傾向がある。なお、ガラス等の複合弾性率が70GPa程度の高硬度の材料の場合、HIT/Erが高い場合、脆性破壊が生じやすい傾向にあるが、複合弾性率が数GPa以下の領域では、HIT/Erが上記値以上であると、耐屈曲性が良好となる傾向が見られる。
第4層は、樹脂を有することが好ましい。第4層に含まれる樹脂としては、透明性および衝撃吸収性を有し、第4層が上述した復元率となるものであれば特に限定されない。具体的には、例えば、ポリイミド系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、セルロース系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート系樹脂、ポリエチレンナフタラート系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂、塩化ビニル系樹脂、酢酸ビニル系樹脂、エポキシ樹脂などが挙げられる。これらの樹脂は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
第4層の厚さは、例えば、5μm以上であることが好ましく、10μm以上であることがさらに好ましく、20μm以上であることが特に好ましい。一方、80μm以下であることが好ましく、70μm以下であることがさらに好ましく、60μm以下であることが特に好ましい。具体的には、5μm以上、80μm以下の範囲が好ましく、10μm以上、70μm以下の範囲がさらに好ましく、20μm以上、60μm以下の範囲であることが特に好ましい。第4層の厚さが厚すぎると、耐屈曲性が損なわれるおそれがある。一方、第4層の厚さが薄すぎると、接着性が担保できず剥がれてしまうおそれがある。
第1層の詳細については、第1実施形態における第1層と同様の内容である。
第3層の詳細については、第1実施形態における第3層と同様の内容である。
本実施形態における積層体は、上記の第1層、第2層、第4層、第3層以外に、他の層を有することができる。本実施形態における表示装置用部材は、第1層の第3層とは反対の面側、第1層と第2層との間に、機能層をさらに有することができる。第1層の第3層とは反対の面側に配置される機能層としては、例えば、ハードコート層、保護層、反射防止層、防眩層等が挙げられる。第1層と第2層との間に配置される機能層としては、例えば、加飾層、プライマー層が挙げられる。本実施形態における積層体は、例えば、図9に示すように、上記第1層1の上記第3層3とは反対の面側にハードコート層5をさらに有することが好ましい。本実施形態における積層体は、図10(a)に示すように、第1層1と第2層2との間に、プライマー層6を有していてもよい。本実施形態における積層体は、図10(b)に示すように、第1層1と第2層2との間に、加飾層7を有していてもよい。本実施形態における積層体は、図10(c)に示すように、第1層1と第2層2との間に、加飾層7およびプライマー層6を有していてもよい。この場合、加飾層7は、プライマー層6と、第2層2との間に配置されていてもよい。
(1)全光線透過率およびヘイズ
本実施形態における積層体の全光線透過率およびヘイズは、第1実施形態における積層体の全光線透過率およびヘイズと同様とすることができる。
本実施形態における積層体は、耐屈曲性を有することが好ましい。特に、本実施形態における積層体は、上述したクラムシェル型屈曲試験およびU字屈曲試験において、第2層の第1層からの剥がれ、および、第4層の第3層からの剥がれが生じないことが好ましい。
本実施形態における積層フィルムは、第3層と第4層との間において、JIS K 5600-5-6:1999に規定されるクロスカット法により実施された密着性の評価結果が、1点以下であることが好ましい。
分類1:カットの交差点における塗膜の小さな剥がれある。ただし、クロスカット部分で影響を受けるのは、明確に5%を上回ることはない。
分類2:塗膜がカットの縁に沿って、及び/又は、交差点において剥がれている。クロスカット部分で影響を受けるのは、明確に5%を超えるが15%を上回ることはない。
分類3:塗膜がカットの縁に沿って、部分的又は全面的に大剥がれを生じており、及び/又は、目のいろいろな部分が、部分的又は全面的にはがれている。クロスカット部分で影響を受けるのは,明確に15%を超えるが35%を上回ることはない。
分類4:塗膜がカットの縁に沿って,部分的又は全面的に大剥がれを生じており,及び/又は、数か所の目が部分的又は全面的にはがれている。クロスカット部分で影響を受けるのは、明確に65%を上回ることはない。
分類5:分類4でも分類できないはがれ程度のいずれか。
剥離強度は、JIS Z0237:2009に準拠する180度剥離試験により測定することができる。まず、積層体から、幅20mm、長さ100mmの試験片を切り出す。万能試験機(引張試験機)として、島津製作所社製の「オートグラフAG-X 1N(ロードセル:SBL-1KN)」を用い、JIS Z0237:2009に準拠する180度剥離試験により、温度25℃、引張試験機のチャック間距離50mm、引張速度300mm/分、剥離角度180度の条件で、第2の層と第4の層との界面で剥離して、剥離強度を測定する。
なお、試験片の幅が20mmではない場合には、上記180度剥離試験により測定されるピール強度(実測値)を、下記式により、20mm幅に換算する。
20mm幅に換算したピール強度[N/20mm]=ピール強度の実測値[N/20mm]×20[mm]/試験片の幅[mm]
本実施形態における積層体の用途は、第1実施形態における積層体の用途と同様である。
本開示における表示装置は、表示パネルと、上記表示パネルの観察者側に配置された上述の積層体と、を備える。
本開示の積層体用部材は、「A-1.積層体(第1実施形態)」または「A-2.積層体(第2実施形態)」で記載された積層体に用いられる積層体用部材であって、「A-1.積層体(第1実施形態)」または「A-2.積層体(第2実施形態)」中の第1層および第2層が積層されてなるものである。
[比較例]
(積層体用部材の作製)
まず、第1層として厚さ50μmのPETフィルムを準備した。PETフィルムの一方の面に、下記ハードコート層用硬化性樹脂組成物を所定の厚さとなるように塗布し、80℃で3分間乾燥後、紫外線照射にて硬化させ、厚さ10μmのハードコート層を形成した。
・ジペンタエリスリトールペンタアクリレートとジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレートの混合物(M403、東亜合成社製) 25質量部
・ジペンタエリスリトールEO変性ヘキサアクリレート(A-DPH-6E、新中村化学社製) 25質量部
・異型シリカ微粒子(平均粒径25nm、日揮触媒化成社製) 50質量部(固形換算)
・光重合開始剤(Irg184) 4質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部(固形換算)
・紫外線吸収剤1(DAINSORB P6、大和化成製) 3質量部
・溶剤(MIBK) 150質量部
(第2層用組成物A)
・非晶性ポリエステル系樹脂(Mw1.6万、Tg7℃、引張破断伸度1%) 100質量部
・ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(コロネート2203、日本ポリウレタン工業社製) 5質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部
・溶剤(MEK) 310質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 310質量部
第2層用組成物Aの代わりに、第2層用組成物Bを用いて接合層B(第2層)を形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
(第2層用組成物B)
・ポリエーテルウレタン系樹脂(Tg-45℃)、 100質量部
・ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(コロネート2203、日本ポリウレタン工業社製) 5質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部
・溶剤(MEK) 310質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 310質量部
第2層用組成物Aの代わりに、第2層用組成物Cを用いて接合層C(第2層)を形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
(第2層用組成物C)
・非晶性ポリエステル系樹脂(Mw1.6万、Tg65℃、引張破断伸度3%) 100質量部
・ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(コロネート2203、日本ポリウレタン工業社製) 5質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部
・溶剤(MEK) 310質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 310質量部
第2層用組成物Aの代わりに、第2層用組成物Dを用いて接合層D(第2層)を形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
(第2層用組成物D)
・非晶性ポリエステル系樹脂(Mw1.6万、Tg20℃、引張破断伸度1100%) 100質量部
・ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(コロネート2203、日本ポリウレタン工業社製) 5質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部
・溶剤(MEK) 310質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 310質量部
第2層用組成物Aの代わりに、第2層用組成物Eを用いて接合層E(第2層)を形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
(第2層用組成物E)
・非晶性ポリエステル系樹脂(Tg1℃、引張破断伸度1000%) 100質量部
・ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(コロネート2203、日本ポリウレタン工業社製) 5質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部
・溶剤(MEK) 310質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 310質量部
第2層用組成物Aの代わりに、第2層用組成物Fを用いて接合層F(第2層)を形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
(第2層用組成物F)
・非結晶性ポリエステル系樹脂(Mw1.6万、Tg40℃、引張破断伸度3%) 100質量部
・ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(コロネート2203、日本ポリウレタン工業社製) 5質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部
・溶剤(MEK) 310質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 310質量部
第2層用組成物Aの代わりに、第2層用組成物Gを用いて接合層G(第2層)を形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
(第2層用組成物G)
・変性ポリオレフィン樹脂(Tg0℃以下) 100質量部
・ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(コロネート2203、日本ポリウレタン工業社製) 5質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部
・溶剤(MEK) 310質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 310質量部
第2層用組成物Aの代わりに、第2層用組成物Hを用いて接合層H(第2層)を形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
(第2層用組成物H)
・ポリエステル系樹脂(Tg70℃、引張破断伸度2%) 100質量部
・ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(コロネート2203、日本ポリウレタン工業社製) 5質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部
・溶剤(MEK) 310質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 310質量部
第2層として、厚さ50μmの接合層(アクリル系粘着シート、OCA、Tg-9℃)(3M社製「8146-2」)をハンドローラを用いて貼合することによって、接合層Iを形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
第2層として、膜厚10μmの接合層(アクリル系粘着シート、ОCA、Tg-8℃)(パナック社製「パナクリーンPD-S1」)をハンドローラを用いて貼合することによって、接合層Jを形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
第2層用組成物Aの代わりに、第2層用組成物Kを用いて接合層K(第2層)を形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
(第2層用組成物K)
・ポリエステルウレタン系樹脂(UR-8300、固形分30%、東洋紡社製) 100質量部
・ヘキサンメチレンジイソシアネート(コロネート2203、日本ポリウレタン工業社製) 1.5質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 1.5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部(固形換算)
・溶剤(MEK) 58質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 58質量部
第2層用組成物Aの代わりに、第2層用組成物Lを用いて接合層L(第2層)を形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
(第2層用組成物L)
・ポリエステルウレタン系樹脂(UR-5537、固形分30%、東洋紡社製) 100質量部
・ヘキサンメチレンジイソシアネート(コロネート2203、日本ポリウレタン工業社製) 1.5質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 1.5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部(固形換算)
・溶剤(MEK) 58質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 58質量部
第2層用組成物Aの代わりに、上述した第2層用組成物Dを用い、第3層の側面を覆うようにして接合層D(第2層)を形成した以外は、比較例と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。この際、第3層の厚さT3に対する、第2層によって被覆された第3層の側面の厚さTc2の比率(Tc2/T3)は、0.7とした。
得られた積層体に対し、上述のナノインデンテーション法による復元率の測定方法により、第2層の断面における復元率を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
得られた積層体に対し、上述の第2層の断面における複合弾性率の測定方法により、第2層の断面における複合弾性率を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
得られた積層体に対し、上述の第2層の断面におけるインデンテーション硬さHITの測定方法により、第2層の断面におけるインデンテーション硬さHIT(MPa)を測定し、複合弾性率Er(GPa)に対するインデンテーション硬さHITの割合(インデンテーション硬さHIT/複合弾性率Er)を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
(1)クラムシェル型屈曲試験(CS屈曲試験)
得られた積層体に対して、上述のクラムシェル型屈曲試験により動的屈曲試験を行った。積層体を曲率半径Rで折り曲げる動作を20万回繰り返し行った場合に、積層体の第2層の剥がれの有無を確認し、下記の基準で評価した。この際、積層体は、ハードコート層が内側、ガラス基材が外側になるように屈曲させた。
A:R1.25mmで20万回屈曲後に変化なし
B:R1.5mmで20万回屈曲後に変化なし
C:R2.0mmで20万回屈曲後に変化なし
D:R2.0mmで20万回屈曲後に第2層の剥がれが生じた
得られた積層体に対して、上述のU字屈曲試験により動的屈曲試験を行い、積層体の耐屈曲性を評価した。この際、積層体は、ハードコート層が内側、ガラス基材が外側になるように屈曲させ、曲率半径Rを1.5mmとした。動的屈曲試験の結果は、下記の基準で評価した。
A:R1.5mmで20万回屈曲後変化なし
D:R1.5mmで20万回屈曲後、第2層の剥がれが生じた
得られた積層体に対して、上述の方法により剥離強度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
得られた積層体に対して、図16に例示するような衝撃試験を行った。まず、サンプル台31およびレール32を水平面に対して16°傾斜して配置した。次いで、サンプル台31上に積層体10を置き、積層体10上に重り33を置いて、積層体10を固定した。この際、積層体10の端部がサンプル台31の側面から2mm突出するように、積層体10を固定した。次に、5.5g、φ11mmの鋼球34を、所定の距離Lからレール32に沿って落下させ、積層体10の側面に衝突させた。そして、積層体10の端部において、積層体10に割れまたは破断が生じなかった最大の距離Lを測定し、下記評価基準により評価した。なお、数値が大きいほど、耐衝撃性が高いことを示す。
A:30cm以上
B:30cm未満
[実施例2-1]
(積層体用部材の作製)
まず、第1層として厚さ50μmのPETフィルムを準備した。PETフィルムの一方の面に、上記ハードコート層用硬化性樹脂組成物を所定の厚さとなるように塗布し、80℃で3分間乾燥後、紫外線照射にて硬化させ、厚さ10μmのハードコート層を形成した。
・ポリエステルウレタン系樹脂(UR-5537、固形分30%、東洋紡社製) 50質量部
・ジペンタエリスリトールペンタアクリレートとジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレートの混合物(M403、東亜合成社製) 50質量部
・Ommirad184 4質量部
・シランカップリング剤(KBM-403、信越化学工業社製) 1.5質量部
・フッ素系レベリング剤(F568、DIC社製) 0.2質量部(固形換算)
・溶剤(MEK) 58質量部
・溶剤(トルエン) 58質量部
第3層の厚さT3に対する、第4層によって被覆された第3層の側面の厚さTc4の比率(Tc4/T3)を、0.9とした以外は、実施例2-1と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
第4層の厚さを25μmとし、第3層の厚さT3に対する、第4層によって被覆された第3層の側面の厚さTc4の比率(Tc4/T3)を、0.7とした以外は、実施例2-1と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
第4層の厚さを50μmとし、第3層の厚さT3に対する、第4層によって被覆された第3層の側面の厚さTc4の比率(Tc4/T3)を、0.6とした以外は、実施例2-1と同様の方法で積層体を製造した。
第1層と、第2層と、第3層と、をこの順に有する積層体であって、
前記第2層の断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率が、10%以上である、積層体。
前記第2層の複合弾性率が、0.05GPaより大きい、[1]に記載の積層体。
前記第2層の厚さが、1μm以上、25μm以下である、[1]または[2]に記載の積層体。
前記第3層が、15μm以上、115μm以下の範囲内の膜厚を有するガラス基材である、[1]から[3]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。
前記第1層が、樹脂フィルムである、[1]から[4]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。
前記第1層の、前記第2層側とは反対側の面に、ハードコート層を有する、[1]から[5]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。
表示装置の前面板として用いられる、[1]から[6]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。
第1層と、第2層と、第4層と、第3層と、をこの順に有する積層体であって、
前記第2層および前記第4層は、それぞれ、断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率が、10%以上である、積層体。
前記第3層は、前記第4層側に位置する第1主面と、前記第1主面と対向する第2主面と、前記第1主面及び前記第2主面とは異なる側面と、を有し、
前記第4層は、前記第3層の前記側面を被覆する、[8]に記載の積層体。
前記第3層の厚さに対する、前記第4層によって被覆された前記側面の厚さの比率が、0.5以上、1.0以下である、[9]に記載の積層体。
前記第2層の複合弾性率が、0.05GPaより大きい、[8]から[10]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。
前記第4層の複合弾性率が、0.05GPaより大きい、[8]から[11]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。
前記第2層の厚さが、1μm以上、25μm以下である、[8]から[12]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。
前記第4層の厚さが、5μm以上、80μm以下である、[8]から[13]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。
前記第3層が、15μm以上、115μm以下の範囲内の膜厚を有するガラス基材である、[8]から[14]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。
前記第1層が、樹脂フィルムである、[8]から[15]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。
前記第1層の、前記第2層側とは反対側の面に、ハードコート層を有する、[8]から[16]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。記載の積層体。
表示装置の前面板として用いられる、[8]から[17]までのいずれかに記載の積層体。記載の積層体。
表示パネルと、
前記表示パネルの観察者側に配置された、[1]から[18]までのいずれかに記載の積層体と、
を備える表示装置。
[1]から[18]までのいずれかに記載の積層体に用いられる積層体用部材であって、
前記第1層および前記第2層が積層されてなる、積層体用部材。
2 … 第2層
3 … 第3層
4 … 第4層
5 … ハードコート層
6 … プライマー層
7 … 加飾層
10… 積層体
20 … 表示装置
21 … 表示パネル
Claims (20)
- 第1層と、第2層と、第3層と、をこの順に有する積層体であって、
前記第2層の断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率が、10%以上である、積層体。 - 前記第2層の複合弾性率が、0.05GPaより大きい、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記第2層の厚さが、1μm以上、25μm以下である、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記第3層が、15μm以上、115μm以下の範囲内の膜厚を有するガラス基材である、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記第1層が、樹脂フィルムである、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記第1層の、前記第2層側とは反対側の面に、ハードコート層を有する、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 表示装置の前面板として用いられる、請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 第1層と、第2層と、第4層と、第3層と、をこの順に有する積層体であって、
前記第2層および前記第4層は、それぞれ、断面におけるナノインデンテーション法による復元率が、10%以上である、積層体。 - 前記第3層は、前記第4層側に位置する第1主面と、前記第1主面と対向する第2主面と、前記第1主面及び前記第2主面とは異なる側面と、を有し、
前記第4層は、前記第3層の前記側面を被覆する、請求項8に記載の積層体。 - 前記第3層の厚さに対する、前記第4層によって被覆された前記側面の厚さの比率が、0.5以上、1.0以下である、請求項9に記載の積層体。
- 前記第2層の複合弾性率が、0.05GPaより大きい、請求項8に記載の積層体。
- 前記第4層の複合弾性率が、0.05GPaより大きい、請求項8に記載の積層体。
- 前記第2層の厚さが、1μm以上、25μm以下である、請求項8に記載の積層体。
- 前記第4層の厚さが、5μm以上、80μm以下である、請求項8に記載の積層体。
- 前記第3層が、15μm以上、115μm以下の範囲内の膜厚を有するガラス基材である、請求項8に記載の積層体。
- 前記第1層が、樹脂フィルムである、請求項8に記載の積層体。
- 前記第1層の、前記第2層側とは反対側の面に、ハードコート層を有する、請求項8に記載の積層体。
- 表示装置の前面板として用いられる、請求項8に記載の積層体。
- 表示パネルと、
前記表示パネルの観察者側に配置された、請求項1から請求項18までのいずれかの請求項に記載の積層体と、
を備える表示装置。 - 請求項1から請求項18までの請求項に記載された積層体に用いられる積層体用部材であって、
前記第1層および前記第2層が積層されてなる、積層体用部材。
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| US18/878,609 US20260013059A1 (en) | 2022-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | Stacked body, display device and member for stacked body |
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| WO2020175090A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-03 | 住友化学株式会社 | フレキシブル積層体 |
| JP2021102708A (ja) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-07-15 | リンテック株式会社 | 粘着シート、繰り返し屈曲積層部材および繰り返し屈曲デバイス |
| WO2022092249A1 (ja) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-05 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 積層体および表示装置 |
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| JP2021140147A (ja) | 2020-03-03 | 2021-09-16 | 住友化学株式会社 | 光学積層体および表示装置 |
| KR102747618B1 (ko) * | 2020-11-30 | 2024-12-27 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 광학 적층체, 플렉서블 디스플레이 장치의 커버 윈도우 및 디스플레이 장치 |
| CN113257129B (zh) * | 2021-05-13 | 2023-06-09 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 柔性盖板及制备方法、显示面板及制备方法 |
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| WO2020175090A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-03 | 住友化学株式会社 | フレキシブル積層体 |
| JP2021102708A (ja) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-07-15 | リンテック株式会社 | 粘着シート、繰り返し屈曲積層部材および繰り返し屈曲デバイス |
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