WO2023286762A1 - 空中表示装置用の光学素子、及び空中表示装置 - Google Patents
空中表示装置用の光学素子、及び空中表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023286762A1 WO2023286762A1 PCT/JP2022/027381 JP2022027381W WO2023286762A1 WO 2023286762 A1 WO2023286762 A1 WO 2023286762A1 JP 2022027381 W JP2022027381 W JP 2022027381W WO 2023286762 A1 WO2023286762 A1 WO 2023286762A1
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- optical element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels
- G02B30/56—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels by projecting aerial or floating images
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/04—Prisms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/04—Prisms
- G02B5/045—Prism arrays
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical element for an aerial display device and an aerial display device.
- An aerial display device that can display images and videos as an aerial image has been researched and is expected to be a new human-machine interface.
- An aerial display device uses, for example, a dihedral corner reflector array in which dihedral corner reflectors are arranged in an array to reflect light emitted from the display surface of a display element to form a real image in the air. Proposed.
- a display method using a dihedral corner reflector array displays a real image (aerial image) at plane-symmetrical positions without aberration.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an optical element in which a transparent quadrangular prism protruding from the surface of a transparent flat plate is used as a dihedral corner reflector, and a plurality of quadrangular prisms are arranged in an array on a plane. Further, in Patent Document 2, each of the first and second light control panels is formed by arranging a plurality of plane light reflecting portions perpendicularly inside a transparent flat plate, and the first and second light control panels are arranged in planes of each other. It discloses an optical element in which light reflecting portions are arranged orthogonally. The optical elements of Patent Documents 1 and 2 reflect light emitted from the display element twice by orthogonal reflecting surfaces to generate an aerial image.
- an aerial display image can be recognized by observing from the oblique direction of the optical element, and a favorable aerial display image can be obtained by observing from the normal direction of the optical element. is difficult to recognize.
- the present invention provides an optical element for an aerial display device capable of displaying an aerial image while ensuring display quality, and an aerial display device.
- an optical element for use in an aerial display for imaging an image in the air comprising: a planar substrate; and a plurality of optical elements arranged in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, wherein each of the plurality of optical elements is inclined with respect to a normal direction of the base material and is in contact with each other
- An optical element is provided having an incident end surface and a reflective end surface, wherein the optical element is arranged to receive light from the outside at the incident end surface.
- the angle of the reflective end face with respect to the normal direction of the base material is set so that the incident angle of the light incident on the reflective end face is larger than the critical angle.
- Such an optical element is provided.
- the angle of the incident end surface with respect to the normal direction of the base material is set so that the incident angle of light incident on the incident end surface is smaller than a critical angle.
- Such an optical element is provided.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention provides the optical element according to the first aspect, wherein the optical element forms an aerial image at a position parallel to the optical element.
- an aerial display device comprising: a display element for displaying an image; and the optical element according to the first aspect, which is arranged so as to receive light from the display element at the incident end surface.
- the aerial display device according to the fifth aspect, wherein the display element and the optical element are arranged parallel to each other.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention provides the aerial display device according to the fifth aspect, wherein the display element and the optical element are arranged obliquely.
- the aerial display according to the fifth aspect further comprising a light control element arranged between the display element and the optical element and transmitting a part of light from the display element.
- an optical element for an aerial display device and an aerial display device capable of displaying an aerial image while ensuring display quality.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an aerial display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the aerial display device.
- FIG. 3A is a plan view of a light control element;
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the light control element along line AA' of FIG. 3A.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view and a partially enlarged view of an optical element.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an aerial display device.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view explaining how light is reflected in an optical element.
- FIG. 7 is a side view of the XZ plane for explaining how light is reflected in the optical element.
- FIG. 8 is a side view of the YZ plane for explaining how light is reflected in the optical element.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an aerial display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the aerial display device.
- FIG. 3A is a
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the angle conditions of the incident end surface 33 and the reflective end surface 34 in the optical element.
- FIG. 10 is a ray tracing diagram of the aerial display device.
- FIG. 11 is a light distribution diagram of the aerial display device in the X direction.
- FIG. 12 is a light distribution diagram of the aerial display device in the Y direction.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating the overall configuration of the aerial display device.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view explaining the viewing angle of the aerial display device.
- FIG. 15 is a side view of an aerial display device according to a first modified example.
- FIG. 16 is a side view of an aerial display device according to a second modification.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an aerial display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a side view of an aerial display device according to a first modified example.
- FIG. 16 is a side view of an aerial display device according to a second modification.
- FIG. 18 is a side view of the aerial display device.
- FIG. 19 is a ray tracing diagram of an aerial display device.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view of an aerial display device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 21 is a side view of the aerial display device.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining optical paths reflected by optical elements.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an aerial display device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the aerial display device 1.
- FIG. The arrows in FIG. 2 represent optical paths.
- the X direction is the direction along one side of the aerial display device 1
- the Y direction is the direction orthogonal to the X direction in the horizontal plane
- the Z direction is the direction orthogonal to the XY plane ( Also called normal direction).
- the aerial display device 1 is a device that displays images (including moving images).
- the aerial display device 1 displays an aerial image in the air above its own light exit surface.
- the light exit surface of the aerial display device 1 means the upper surface of a member arranged in the uppermost layer among the plurality of members constituting the aerial display device 1 .
- An aerial image is a real image formed in the air.
- the aerial display device 1 comprises a display device 15 , a light control element 16 and an optical element 17 .
- the display device 15, the light control element 16, and the optical element 17 are arranged parallel to each other in this order.
- the display device 15, the light control element 16, and the optical element 17 are fixed at the positions shown in FIG. 1 by supporting members (not shown).
- the display device 15, the light control element 16, and the optical element 17 are housed in a housing (not shown).
- the display device 15 displays an image on the display surface.
- the display device 15 includes an illumination element (also called backlight) 13 and a display element 14 .
- the illumination element 13 emits illumination light and emits this illumination light toward the display element 14 .
- the lighting element 13 includes a light source section 10 , a light guide plate 11 and a reflective sheet 12 .
- the lighting element 13 is, for example, a sidelight type lighting element.
- the illumination element 13 constitutes a surface light source.
- the light source unit 10 emits illumination light.
- the light source unit 10 is arranged to face the side surface of the light guide plate 11 and emits illumination light toward the side surface of the light guide plate 11 .
- the light source unit 10 includes, for example, a plurality of light emitting elements (not shown) arranged in the Y direction.
- the light emitting element is composed of a white LED (Light Emitting Diode).
- the light guide plate 11 guides the illumination light from the light source unit 10 and emits the illumination light from the upper surface.
- the reflective sheet 12 reflects the illumination light emitted from the bottom surface of the light guide plate 11 toward the light guide plate 11 again.
- the display element 14 is composed of a transmissive liquid crystal display element.
- the driving mode of the display element 14 is not particularly limited, and a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, a VA (Vertical Alignment) mode, a homogeneous mode, or the like can be used.
- Display element 14 receives illumination light emitted from illumination element 13 .
- the display element 14 transmits the illumination light and modulates the light. Then, the display element 14 displays a desired image on its display surface.
- the light control element 16 functions to transmit light components within a predetermined angle range centering on the oblique direction with respect to the normal direction, and to block light components outside the above angle range.
- the area of the light control element 16 is set to be substantially the same as the area of the display element 14 . A specific configuration of the light control element 16 will be described later.
- the optical element 17 reflects light incident from the bottom side to the top side. In addition, the optical element 17 reflects incident light obliquely incident from the bottom surface side, for example, in the front direction (normal direction).
- the optical element 17 then forms an aerial image 18 in the air above the aerial display device 1 .
- the aerial image 18 is a two-dimensional image formed at a position (parallel plane) parallel to the element surface of the optical element 17 .
- the element plane is a virtual plane on which the optical element 17 extends in the in-plane direction.
- the element surface has the same meaning as the in-plane of the element. The same applies to the element surfaces of other elements.
- An observer 19 in front of the optical element 17 can visually recognize the aerial image 18 .
- the area of the optical element 17 is set to be greater than or equal to the area of the display element 14 .
- FIG. 3A is a plan view of the light control element 16.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the light control element 16 along line AA' of FIG. 3A.
- Each of the base materials 21 and 22 is configured in a rectangular planar shape.
- a plurality of transparent members 23 each extending in the Y direction and arranged in the X direction are provided on the substrate 21 .
- a plurality of light shielding members 24 each extending in the Y direction and arranged in the X direction are provided on the base material 21 .
- the plurality of transparent members 23 and the plurality of light shielding members 24 are alternately arranged such that adjacent members are in contact with each other.
- a substrate 22 is provided on the plurality of transparent members 23 and the plurality of light shielding members 24 .
- the transparent member 23 extends obliquely at an angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the normal direction of the substrate 21 on the XZ plane.
- the transparent member 23 is a parallelogram whose side surfaces are inclined by an angle ⁇ 1 on the XZ plane.
- the transparent member 23 transmits light.
- the light shielding member 24 extends obliquely at an angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the normal direction of the base material 21 on the XZ plane.
- the light shielding member 24 is a parallelogram whose side surfaces are inclined by an angle ⁇ 1 on the XZ plane.
- the light blocking member 24 blocks light.
- Two adjacent light shielding members 24 are arranged so that their ends slightly overlap each other in the Z direction.
- transparent resin for example acrylic resin.
- the light shielding member 24 for example, a resin mixed with a black dye is used.
- the light control element 16 may be constructed by omitting one or both of the substrates 21 and 22 . If the plurality of transparent members 23 and the plurality of light shielding members 24 are alternately arranged, the function of the light control element 16 can be realized.
- the light control element 16 configured in this way can transmit the display light so that the light intensity in the oblique direction at the angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the normal direction becomes a peak.
- the light control element 16 is configured to block light components outside the range of 30° ⁇ 30° with respect to the normal direction.
- the light control element 16 is configured to block light components outside the range of 30° ⁇ 20° with respect to the normal direction.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are a perspective view and a partially enlarged view of the optical element 17.
- FIG. The partially enlarged view of FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the XZ plane.
- the optical element 17 includes a substrate 31 and a plurality of optical elements 32.
- the base material 31 is planar on the XY plane and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- a plurality of optical elements 32 are provided on the bottom surface of the base material 31 .
- Each of the plurality of optical elements 32 is composed of a triangular prism.
- the optical element 32 is arranged such that three sides of a triangular prism are parallel to the XY plane, and one side is in contact with the substrate 31 .
- the plurality of optical elements 32 each extend in the Y direction and are arranged side by side in the X direction. In other words, the plurality of optical elements 32 have a sawtooth shape.
- the optical element 32 has an incident end surface 33 and a reflective end surface 34 .
- the incident end surface 33 is a surface on which light from the light control element 16 is incident.
- the reflective end surface 34 is a surface that reflects light incident on the incident end surface 33 from the outside inside the optical element 32 .
- the optical element 32 is integrally formed with the base material 31 from the same transparent material as the base material 31, for example.
- the substrate 31 and the optical element 32 may be separately formed, and the optical element 32 may be adhered to the substrate 31 using a transparent adhesive.
- a transparent adhesive for example, an acrylic resin or glass is used as the transparent material forming the substrate 31 and the optical element 32 .
- the optical element 17 internally reflects incident light to form a real image in the air. Further, the optical element 17 forms an aerial image parallel to the optical element 17 at a position in front of the element surface.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the aerial display device 1. As shown in FIG.
- the aerial display device 1 includes a display device 15 (including illumination elements 13 and display elements 14), a display drive circuit 40, a voltage generation circuit 41, a control section 42, a storage section 43, and an input section 44.
- the display drive circuit 40 drives the display element 14 to display images and/or moving images on the display element 14 .
- the voltage generation circuit 41 generates a plurality of types of voltages necessary for operating the lighting element 13 and the display driving circuit 40 and supplies these voltages to the lighting element 13 and the display driving circuit 40 .
- the control unit 42 controls the operation of the aerial display device 1 as a whole. That is, the control section 42 controls the operations of the lighting element 13 , the display driving circuit 40 and the voltage generating circuit 41 . Then, the control unit 42 displays the aerial image 18 at a desired display position.
- the storage unit 43 includes a volatile memory and a nonvolatile memory.
- the storage unit 43 stores various data necessary for the operation of the aerial display device 1 .
- the storage unit 43 also stores data of images displayed by the aerial display device 1 .
- the input unit 44 accepts information input by the user.
- the input unit 44 sends information input by the user to the control unit 42 .
- the control unit 42 can select an image to be displayed on the display device 15 based on information received by the input unit 44 .
- light emitted from the display device 15 enters the light control element 16 .
- the light component of the angle ⁇ 1 passes through the light control element 16 .
- Light transmitted through the light control element 16 enters the optical element 17 .
- the optical element 17 forms an image of the incident light in the air on the side opposite to the light control element 16 and displays an aerial image 18 in the air.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view explaining how light is reflected in the optical element 17.
- FIG. FIG. 7 is a side view of the XZ plane for explaining how light is reflected on the optical element 17.
- FIG. 7 is a view of the optical element 17 viewed with both eyes of the observer 19 (that is, a line connecting the eyes) parallel to the X direction.
- FIG. 8 is a side view of the YZ plane for explaining how light is reflected on the optical element 17.
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a view of the optical element 17 viewed with both eyes of the observer 19 parallel to the Y direction.
- the critical angle is the minimum angle of incidence above which total internal reflection occurs.
- the critical angle is the angle to the normal of the plane of incidence.
- the light emitted from the point "o" is totally reflected by the reflective end surface 34 of the optical element 32, and the light is imaged in the air to generate an aerial image.
- the light emitted from the point "o" is not reflected by the reflective end face 34 of the optical element 32, and the light does not form an image in the air, so it does not contribute to the generation of an aerial image.
- the condition under which the observer 19 can recognize an aerial image is that both eyes of the observer 19 are parallel to the X direction or nearly parallel (for example, ⁇ 10 degrees with respect to the X direction).
- the aerial image can always be recognized.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the angle conditions of the incident end surface 33 and the reflective end surface 34 in the optical element 17.
- ⁇ 2 be the angle of the incident end surface 33 with respect to the Z direction (direction perpendicular to the element surface)
- ⁇ 3 be the angle of the reflective end surface 34 with respect to the Z direction
- ⁇ p be the angle formed by the incident end surface 33 and the reflective end surface 34 .
- n p the refractive index of the material of the optical element 17
- 1 the refractive index of air.
- ⁇ 4 be the incident angle at the incident end surface 33 and ⁇ 5 be the refraction angle.
- ⁇ 8 be the incident angle and ⁇ 9 be the refraction angle on the upper surface of the light control element 16 .
- the refraction angle ⁇ 9 is the exit angle.
- the exit angle ⁇ 9 is represented by the following equation (2).
- ⁇ 9 sin ⁇ 1 (n p *sin(sin ⁇ 1 ((1/n p )*sin(90° ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 )))+ ⁇ 2 +2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 90°)) (2 )
- critical angle ⁇ ⁇ 6 ( ⁇ 7 )
- Critical angle sin -1 (1/n p ) (3)
- the incident angle ⁇ 6 at the reflecting end face 34 is set larger than the critical angle at the reflecting end face 34 .
- the angle ⁇ 3 of the reflective end face 34 is set so that the incident angle of light incident on the reflective end face 34 is larger than the critical angle.
- the light incident on the incident end surface 33 is set so as not to be totally reflected by the incident end surface 33 . That is, the angle ⁇ 2 of the incident end face 33 is set so that the incident angle of the light incident on the incident end face 33 is smaller than the critical angle.
- the angle between the element surface of the optical element 17 and the surface of the aerial image 18, and the distance between the element surface of the optical element 17 and the surface of the aerial image 18 are the angle ⁇ 1 of the light incident on the optical element 17, Adjustment is possible by optimally setting the refractive index, the angle ⁇ 2 of the incident end surface 33 of the optical element 17, and the angle ⁇ 3 of the reflective end surface 34 of the optical element 17.
- FIG. 10 is a ray tracing diagram of the aerial display device 1.
- FIG. 11 is a light distribution diagram of the aerial display device 1 in the X direction.
- FIG. 11 is a waveform corresponding to the parameters of FIG.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 11 represents the angle (degrees) at which the observer views the optical element 17 along the X direction, and the vertical axis represents the light output ratio (%).
- the output ratio increases when the angle is 0 degrees, that is, when viewed from the front. The observer can visually recognize the aerial image more clearly when viewed from the front direction.
- FIG. 12 is a light distribution diagram of the aerial display device 1 in the Y direction.
- FIG. 12 also shows waveforms corresponding to the parameters of FIG.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 12 represents the angle (degrees) at which the observer views the optical element 17 along the Y direction, and the vertical axis represents the light output ratio (%). From FIG. 12 , when the aerial display device 1 is viewed along the Y direction, no aerial image is formed, and the light emitted from the display device 15 passes through the optical element 17 .
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating the overall configuration of the aerial display device 1.
- the aerial display device 1 has a housing 20 .
- the housing 20 has a box shape including a bottom plate and four side plates.
- the housing 20 accommodates the display device 15 (illumination element 13 and display element 14), the light control element 16, and the optical element 17.
- FIG. 13 illustration of the illumination element 13 and the light control element 16 is omitted.
- the housing 20 has a rectangular opening in its upper portion, and the optical element 17 is fitted in this opening.
- the aerial display device 1 can display an aerial image 18 in the air above its own light exit surface. Further, the aerial display device 1 can display a two-dimensional aerial image 18 parallel to the element surface of the optical element 17 . In addition, it is possible to realize the aerial display device 1 that can be made thinner in the Z direction.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view explaining the viewing angle of the aerial display device 1.
- FIG. 14 the display element 14 and the optical element 17 provided in the aerial display device 1 are extracted and shown. Arrows in FIG. 14 indicate viewing angle directions.
- the observer 19 can visually recognize the aerial image 18 when looking at the aerial display device 1 with both eyes substantially parallel to the X direction. Then, the aerial display device 1 can realize a wider viewing angle when the observer 19 moves the viewpoint along the Y direction.
- the viewing angle is defined as 0 degrees in the Z direction, which is the direction perpendicular to the element surface of the optical element 17 .
- the aerial display device 1 can realize a viewing angle of about 30 degrees in the vertical direction on the YZ plane. That is, the aerial display device 1 can achieve a vertical viewing angle range of about 0 degrees ⁇ 30 degrees.
- a dihedral corner reflector array is used, and a display element and the dihedral corner reflector array are arranged obliquely (for example, at 45 degrees).
- This conventional aerial display device generally has a viewing angle of about 0 degrees or more and 15 degrees or less in each of the vertical and horizontal directions. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the viewing angle can be greatly improved as compared with the conventional aerial display device.
- FIG. 15 is a side view of the aerial display device 1 according to the first modified example.
- the light control element 16 may be arranged between the lighting element 13 and the display element 14 .
- FIG. 16 is a side view of the aerial display device 1 according to the second modified example.
- Light control element 16 may be placed closer to optical element 17 .
- the aerial display device 1 may be constructed by omitting the light control element 16 . Even if the aerial display device 1 is configured without the light control element 16, the aerial display device 1 can display an aerial image in the air.
- the observer 19 views the optical element 17 in a state in which both eyes of the observer 19 are parallel to or close to the X direction (that is, the direction in which the plurality of optical elements 32 are arranged), the observer 19 visually recognizes an aerial image. be able to.
- the aerial image can always be viewed. That is, the viewing angle can be ensured in a state in which both eyes of the observer 19 are parallel to the X direction or nearly so.
- a plurality of elements constituting the aerial display device 1 can be arranged in parallel. As a result, the floating display device 1 that can be thinned (reduced in size) in the Z direction can be realized.
- an aerial image can be displayed in the front direction of the aerial display device 1.
- a two-dimensional aerial image can be displayed parallel to the element surface of the optical element 17 that forms an aerial image.
- Second Embodiment A second embodiment is a configuration example in which the display element 14 is obliquely arranged with respect to the optical element 17 .
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the aerial display device 1 according to the second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 18 is a side view of the aerial display device 1.
- the X direction is the direction along one side of the display device 15
- the Y direction is the direction perpendicular to the X direction in the horizontal plane of the display device 15
- the Z direction is the direction perpendicular to the XY plane. direction.
- the aerial display device 1 includes a display device 15 and an optical element 17.
- the display device 15 comprises an illumination element 13 and a display element 14 .
- the configurations of the display device 15 and the optical element 17 are the same as in the first embodiment.
- the optical element 17 is obliquely arranged at an angle ⁇ 10 with respect to the display device 15 .
- the angle ⁇ 10 is, for example, 40 degrees or more and 50 degrees or less.
- angle ⁇ 10 is approximately 45 degrees.
- the optical element 17 reflects light obliquely incident from the bottom side toward the top side.
- the optical element 17 forms an image displayed on the display device 15 as an aerial image 18 at a plane-symmetrical position with the optical element 17 as a plane of symmetry.
- An observer 19 oblique to the normal direction of the optical element 17 at an angle ⁇ 10 can visually recognize the aerial image 18 .
- the angle between the element surface of the optical element 17 and the surface of the aerial image 18 and the distance between the element surface of the optical element 17 and the surface of the aerial image 18 are the angle ⁇ 10 between the display device 15 and the optical element 17, the optical element 17 , the angle ⁇ 2 of the incident end surface 33 of the optical element 17, and the angle ⁇ 3 of the reflective end surface 34 of the optical element 17 can be optimized.
- the aerial display device 1 can also display the aerial image 18 parallel to the element surface of the optical element 17 .
- FIG. 19 is a ray tracing diagram of the aerial display device 1.
- the light emitted from the display device 15 forms an image at a symmetrical position with respect to the optical element 17, and an aerial image 18 is displayed at this imaging position.
- the aerial display device 1 can be realized by arranging the display device 15 obliquely with respect to the optical element 17 .
- Other effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- a third embodiment is another configuration example in which the display element 14 is obliquely arranged with respect to the optical element 17 .
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the aerial display device 1 according to the third embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 21 is a side view of the aerial display device 1.
- the X direction is the direction along one side of the display device 15
- the Y direction is the direction perpendicular to the X direction in the horizontal plane of the display device 15
- the Z direction is the direction perpendicular to the XY plane. direction.
- the aerial display device 1 includes a display device 15, a light control element 16, and an optical element 17.
- the display device 15 comprises an illumination element 13 and a display element 14 .
- the configurations of the display device 15, the light control element 16, and the optical element 17 are the same as in the first embodiment.
- the light control element 16 is arranged above the display device 15 so as to be parallel to the display device 15 .
- the optical element 17 is obliquely arranged at an angle ⁇ 10 with respect to the display device 15 .
- the angle ⁇ 10 is greater than 0 degrees and less than 45 degrees, for example.
- angle ⁇ 10 is approximately 30 degrees.
- light emitted from the display device 15 enters the light control element 16 .
- the light component of the angle ⁇ 1 passes through the light control element 16 .
- the angle ⁇ 1 in the third embodiment can be set appropriately.
- Light transmitted through the light control element 16 enters the optical element 17 .
- the optical element 17 forms an image of the incident light in the air on the side opposite to the light control element 16 and displays an aerial image 18 in the air.
- the aerial display device 1 can also display the aerial image 18 parallel to the element surface of the optical element 17 .
- FIG. 22 is a diagram explaining the optical path reflected by the optical element 17.
- FIG. Arrows in FIG. 22 represent optical paths.
- the light transmitted through the light control element 16 enters the incident end surface 33 of the optical element 17 and is reflected by the reflective end surface 34 . At this time, light unnecessary for displaying the aerial image is shielded by the light control element 16 and hardly enters the optical element 17 .
- the aerial display device 1 can be realized by arranging the display device 15 obliquely with respect to the optical element 17 . Further, the light control element 16 can block light components other than those required for the aerial image. Therefore, deterioration of the display characteristics of the aerial display device 1 can be suppressed. Other effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the light control element 16 may be omitted in the third embodiment.
- the liquid crystal display device is taken as an example of the display device 15, but the display device 15 is not limited to this.
- the display device 15 can also use a self-luminous organic EL (electroluminescence) display element or a micro LED (Light Emitting Diode) display element.
- a micro-LED display element is a display element that emits light with LEDs for R (red), G (green), and B (blue) that constitute a pixel.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified in various ways without departing from the scope of the present invention at the implementation stage. Further, each embodiment may be implemented in combination as appropriate, in which case the combined effect can be obtained. Furthermore, various inventions are included in the above embodiments, and various inventions can be extracted by combinations selected from a plurality of disclosed constituent elements. For example, even if some constituent elements are deleted from all the constituent elements shown in the embodiments, if the problem can be solved and effects can be obtained, the configuration in which these constituent elements are deleted can be extracted as an invention.
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Abstract
Description
[1-1] 空中表示装置1の構成
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る空中表示装置1の斜視図である。図2は、空中表示装置1の側面図である。図2の矢印は、光路を表している。図1において、X方向は、空中表示装置1のある1辺に沿った方向であり、Y方向は、水平面内においてX方向に直交する方向であり、Z方向は、XY面に直交する方向(法線方向ともいう)である。
図3Aは、光制御素子16の平面図である。図3Bは、図3AのA-A´線に沿った光制御素子16の断面図である。
図4は、光学素子17の斜視図及び部分拡大図である。図4の部分拡大図は、XZ面の拡大図である。
図5は、空中表示装置1のブロック図である。空中表示装置1は、表示装置15(照明素子13及び表示素子14を含む)、表示駆動回路40、電圧発生回路41、制御部42、記憶部43、及び入力部44を備える。
次に、上記のように構成された空中表示装置1の動作について説明する。
θp=θ2+θ3 ・・・(1)
θ9=sin-1(np*sin(sin-1((1/np)*sin(90°-(θ1+θ2)))+θ2+2θ3-90°)) ・・・(2)
臨界角<θ6(=θ7)
臨界角=sin-1(1/np) ・・・(3)
空中表示装置1は、筐体20を備える。筐体20は、底板及び4個の側板を含む箱形状を有する。筐体20は、表示装置15(照明素子13、及び表示素子14)、光制御素子16、及び光学素子17を収容する。図13では、照明素子13、及び光制御素子16の図示を省略している。筐体20は、上部に四角形の開口部を有し、この開口部に光学素子17がはめ込まれる。
次に、光制御素子16の位置に関する変形例について説明する。図15は、第1変形例に係る空中表示装置1の側面図である。光制御素子16は、照明素子13と表示素子14との間に配置してもよい。
第1実施形態によれば、表示品質を確保しつつ、空中像を表示することが可能な空中表示装置1を実現できる。
第2実施形態は、表示素子14を光学素子17に対して斜めに配置する構成例である。
第3実施形態は、表示素子14を光学素子17に対して斜めに配置する他の構成例である。
Claims (8)
- 空中に画像を結像させる空中表示装置に使用される光学素子であって、
平面状の基材と、前記基材の下に設けられ、それぞれが第1方向に延び、前記第1方向に直交する第2方向に並んだ複数の光学要素とを有し、
前記複数の光学要素の各々は、前記基材の法線方向に対してそれぞれが傾き、互いに接する入射端面及び反射端面を有し、
前記光学素子は、外部からの光を前記入射端面で受けるように配置される
光学素子。 - 前記反射端面の前記基材の法線方向に対する角度は、前記反射端面に入射する光の入射角が臨界角より大きくなるように設定される
請求項1に記載の光学素子。 - 前記入射端面の前記基材の法線方向に対する角度は、前記入射端面に入射する光の入射角が臨界角より小さくなるように設定される
請求項1に記載の光学素子。 - 前記光学素子は、前記光学素子と平行な位置に空中像を結像する
請求項1に記載の光学素子。 - 画像を表示する表示素子と、
前記表示素子からの光を前記入射端面で受けるように配置され、請求項1に記載の前記光学素子と、
を具備する
空中表示装置。 - 前記表示素子と前記光学素子とは、互いに平行に配置される
請求項5に記載の空中表示装置。 - 前記表示素子と前記光学素子とは、斜めに配置される
請求項5に記載の空中表示装置。 - 前記表示素子と前記光学素子との間に配置され、前記表示素子からの光の一部を透過する光制御素子をさらに具備する
請求項5に記載の空中表示装置。
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CN202280049137.9A CN117642680A (zh) | 2021-07-12 | 2022-07-12 | 空中显示装置用的光学元件以及空中显示装置 |
EP22842106.1A EP4372455A1 (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2022-07-12 | Optical element for aerial display device, and aerial display device |
US18/409,506 US20240142798A1 (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2024-01-10 | Optical device for aerial display apparatus, and aerial display apparatus |
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JP2022093210A JP7184220B1 (ja) | 2021-07-12 | 2022-06-08 | 空中表示装置 |
JP2022-093210 | 2022-06-08 |
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JP2012133128A (ja) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-07-12 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 立体表示装置 |
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JP2019105744A (ja) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-27 | 船井電機株式会社 | 空中像表示装置 |
WO2019240137A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-12-19 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 空中表示装置 |
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- 2022-07-12 WO PCT/JP2022/027381 patent/WO2023286762A1/ja active Application Filing
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US20070091431A1 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2007-04-26 | Samir Mezouari | Rear projection screen, and rear projection system using the screen |
JP2011175297A (ja) | 2008-04-22 | 2011-09-08 | Askanet:Kk | 光学結像装置に使用する光制御パネルの製造方法 |
JP2011191404A (ja) | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-29 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 2面コーナーリフレクタアレイ光学素子およびそれを用いた表示装置 |
JP2012042518A (ja) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-03-01 | Tohoku Univ | 反射型フロントスクリーンとそれを用いた立体表示システム |
JP2012133128A (ja) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-07-12 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | 立体表示装置 |
JP2018092133A (ja) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-06-14 | Scivax株式会社 | 光結像装置 |
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WO2019240137A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-12-19 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 空中表示装置 |
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JP7184220B1 (ja) | 2022-12-06 |
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