WO2023284523A1 - 一种动力电池顶盖、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

一种动力电池顶盖、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023284523A1
WO2023284523A1 PCT/CN2022/101064 CN2022101064W WO2023284523A1 WO 2023284523 A1 WO2023284523 A1 WO 2023284523A1 CN 2022101064 W CN2022101064 W CN 2022101064W WO 2023284523 A1 WO2023284523 A1 WO 2023284523A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
top cover
pole
battery
power battery
section
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/101064
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴志康
李勇军
陈圣立
姜斌
邹武元
Original Assignee
江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 filed Critical 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司
Priority to DE112022002497.6T priority Critical patent/DE112022002497T5/de
Publication of WO2023284523A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023284523A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/167—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by crimping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H01M50/188—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members the sealing members being arranged between the lid and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the technical field of battery production and manufacturing, and in particular relates to a power battery top cover, a battery and an electrical device.
  • lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density and power density, high working voltage, light weight, small size, long cycle life, good safety, and environmental protection. , Large energy storage, electric transportation power supply and so on have broad application prospects.
  • a positive pole and a negative pole are usually set not to be directly connected to the top cover, but to be indirectly fixed by insulation or upper plastic parts, lower plastic parts and the top cover to avoid the passage of the positive pole and the negative pole.
  • the positive pole and the negative pole need to be equipped with at least one set of upper plastic parts, lower plastic parts, and sealing rings, but the cost of materials is relatively high.
  • processes such as riveting and welding are required to separate the positive poles.
  • the pole and the negative pole are fixed to the top cover, resulting in high manufacturing costs.
  • One of the purposes of the present utility model is to provide a power battery top cover for the shortcomings of the prior art, which saves the insulating fittings and airtight fittings, and helps to reduce the production cost of the top cover.
  • a power battery top cover including a top cover sheet, on which a first pole assembly and a second pole assembly are installed;
  • the first pole assembly includes an electrode part and an adapter part, and the electrode part is connected from the top cover The sheet protrudes upwards, and the adapter piece is connected to the top cover piece;
  • the adapter piece includes a body part and a connecting part, the connection part is arranged at the end of the body part, and the top cover piece
  • a recess is provided at the bottom of the body, and the connecting portion is at least partially embedded in the recess.
  • the body part includes a first segment and a second segment; the first segment is connected to the connecting part, the first segment is parallel to the second segment, and the first segment and the second segment A bending section is arranged between the two sections.
  • the body part and the connecting part are of an integrated structure, and the first segment is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the connecting part.
  • the first section extends downward from the edge of the connecting portion.
  • the shape of the recess is L-shaped, square, circular or elliptical.
  • the top cover sheet is provided with a pole through hole
  • the second pole assembly includes a pole body, an upper plastic part, a sealing ring, and a lower plastic part, and the pole body passes through the pole Through holes, the upper plastic part, the sealing ring, and the lower plastic part are sleeved on the pole body from top to bottom in sequence, and a welding part is installed on the bottom of the pole body.
  • the top cover sheet is provided with at least one of an explosion-proof valve hole and a liquid injection hole.
  • the second object of the present utility model is to provide a battery, including the power battery top cover mentioned above.
  • the third purpose of the present utility model is to provide an electrical device, including the above-mentioned power battery top cover.
  • the utility model includes a top cover sheet, and a first pole assembly and a second pole assembly are installed;
  • the first pole assembly includes an electrode part and an adapter, and the electrode part is connected from The top cover sheet is formed to protrude upward;
  • the adapter includes a body part and a connection part, the connection part is arranged at the end of the body part, a recess is provided on the bottom of the top cover sheet, and the connection part The portion is at least partially embedded in the recess. Due to the existing top cover structure, the positive pole and the negative pole need to be equipped with at least one set of upper plastic parts, lower plastic parts, and sealing rings, but the cost of materials is relatively high.
  • the electrode part is formed by protruding upward from the top cover sheet, which saves the need to reserve the first pole assembly on the top cover sheet. Holes, no need to install insulating or airtight accessories, not limited by the sealing performance of insulating or airtight accessories, which helps to improve the sealing performance of the battery, and reduces the overall accessories of the top cover, which helps to reduce the overall manufacturing cost of the top cover, At the same time, the connecting part of the adapter part is embedded in the concave part at the bottom of the top cover sheet.
  • the concave part not only plays a role in restricting the position of the connecting part, but also increases the contact area between the adapter part and the top cover sheet, which helps to improve the thickness of the top cover sheet.
  • the connecting part of the adapter is welded in the recess.
  • the adapter can be disassembled or installed from the bottom of the top cover.
  • the adapter needs to be replaced separately, eliminating the need to replace the corresponding insulating or airtight fittings, which helps to reduce the maintenance and production costs of the battery top cover.
  • the utility model omits insulating fittings and airtight fittings, and helps to reduce the production cost of the top cover.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the top cover sheet in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the top cover sheet and the adapter piece installed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a side view after installation of the top cover sheet and the adapter piece in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention after the second pole assembly is installed.
  • Fig. 5 is a front view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention after the second pole assembly is installed.
  • Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the utility model after the roof sheet and the adapter are installed.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention after the second pole assembly is installed.
  • 3-adapter 31-body part; 32-connection part; 311-first section; 312-second section; 313-bending section; 314-top surface;
  • the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixation” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components.
  • installation e.g., it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components.
  • the top cover of the power battery including the top cover sheet 1, is equipped with a first pole assembly and a second pole assembly;
  • the first pole assembly includes an electrode part 2 and an adapter part 3, and the electrode part 2 protrudes upward from the top cover sheet 1
  • the adapter 3 is connected to the top cover sheet 1;
  • the adapter 3 includes a body part 31 and a connection part 32, the connection part 32 is arranged at the end of the body part 31, and the bottom of the top cover sheet 1 is provided with a recess 10,
  • the connecting portion 32 is at least partially embedded in the concave portion 10 .
  • the positive pole and the negative pole need to be equipped with at least one set of upper plastic parts, lower plastic parts, and sealing rings, but the cost of materials is relatively high.
  • processes such as riveting and welding are required to separate them
  • the positive pole and the negative pole are fixed to the top cover sheet, resulting in high manufacturing costs. Therefore, the electrode part 2 is formed by protruding upward from the top cover sheet 1, eliminating the need to reserve the first pole assembly on the top cover sheet 1.
  • insulating or airtight accessories There is no need to install insulating or airtight accessories, and it is not limited by the sealing performance of insulating or airtight accessories, which helps to improve the sealing performance of the battery, and reduces the overall accessories of the top cover, which helps to lower the top cover.
  • the connecting part 32 of the adapter 3 is partially embedded in the concave part 10 at the bottom of the top cover sheet 1.
  • the concave part 10 not only plays a role in limiting the position of the connecting part 32, but also increases the number of the connecting part 3 and the top cover.
  • the contact area of the sheet 1 helps to improve the stability between the top cover sheet 1 and the adapter 3, and facilitates the welding of the adapter 3 in the recess 10, which helps to reduce the difficulty of welding the adapter 3 , thereby reducing the production cost of the top cover, wherein the body part 31 extends downward from the middle or side of the connecting part 32, and can be welded together with the tabs of the battery core, and the connecting part 32 of the adapter 3 is welded on the concave part 10 Inside, the adapter 3 can be disassembled or installed from the bottom of the top cover sheet 1. According to the size of the battery, only the adapter 3 needs to be replaced separately, eliminating the need to replace the corresponding insulating or airtight accessories, which helps to lower the top of the battery. Cover maintenance and production costs.
  • the electrode part 2 is formed by the top cover sheet 1 protruding upwards to form a convex structure, a bump structure or other convex structures, but the utility model is not limited thereto, and the height of the protrusions can be adjusted according to the actual battery Adjusting the structure of the electrode part 2 can also be a planar structure, that is, it is flat with the surface of the top cover sheet 1, which helps to reduce the overall height of the top cover sheet 1.
  • a protrusion can also be provided in the concave part 10 , and a depression matching the protrusion can also be provided on the surface of the connecting part 32 , so that the concave-convex fit between the connecting part 32 and the concave part 10 is sufficient.
  • the first pole assembly is a positive pole assembly
  • the second pole assembly is a negative pole assembly
  • the negative pole assembly adopts insulating and sealing fittings
  • the positive pole assembly adopts the structure of electrode part 2 and adapter part 3
  • the insulation fit and airtight accessories of the positive pole assembly are omitted, and the production cost of the top cover is reduced, but the utility model is not limited thereto.
  • the first pole assembly can also be a negative pole assembly
  • the second pole assembly It can also be a positive pole assembly, and it only needs to satisfy the insulation between the positive pole assembly and the negative pole assembly.
  • the body part 31 includes a first section 311 and a second section 312; the first section 311 is connected to the connecting part 32, the first section 311 is parallel to the second section 312, and the first section A bent section 313 is provided between 311 and the second section 312 .
  • the addition of the bending section 313 can match the shape of the tab of the battery cell, reducing the risk of lithium precipitation in the battery cell.
  • the bending section 313 is an inclined part connecting the first section 311 and the second section 312.
  • the bending section 313 and the first section 311, and between the bending section 313 and the second section 312 are arc smooth transitions to avoid damage to the battery tabs at the bending position.
  • the first section 311 can be parallel to the second section 312. Or they may not be parallel, and the length of the second segment 312 is greater than or equal to the length of the first segment 311 .
  • the body part 31 and the connection part 32 are of an integral structure, and the first section 311 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the connection part 32 .
  • the body part 31 and the connecting part 32 adopt an integrally formed structure, which helps to improve the overall mechanical strength of the adapter 3 and also reduces the production cost of the adapter 3.
  • the adapter 3 can be It can be stamped and formed by the same plate, or it can be integrally formed by casting aluminum process.
  • the body part 31 and the connection part 32 are both plate-shaped structures.
  • the size of the body part 31 is slightly larger than the connection part 32, which helps to increase the adapter 3 and the battery core
  • the contact area of the tabs increases the flow area, reduces the heat generated inside the battery, and can also connect the body part 31 to more batteries, which helps to improve the energy density of the battery.
  • the thickness of the connecting part 32 and the concave part 10 The same depth, the size of the concave portion 10 is slightly larger than the size of the connecting portion 32, so that the entire connecting portion 32 can be accommodated in the concave portion 10, during welding, can be welded along the gap between the connecting portion 32 and the concave portion 10.
  • the thickness direction of the body part 31 is parallel to the width direction of the top cover sheet 1 , that is, the top surface 314 of the body part 31 is perpendicular to the sidewall of the tab at the cell, which is convenient for bending or welding the tab of the cell.
  • the first section 311 extends downward from the edge of the connecting part 32, but the utility model is not limited thereto, and the position where the first section 311 extends downward can be determined according to the actual cell
  • the position of the connection part 32 can also be adjusted downwards from the middle part of the connection part 32, so that the body part 31 and the tabs of the battery core are welded together.
  • the electrode part 2 is formed by protruding upward from the top cover sheet 1, which saves the pole through hole 11 of the first pole assembly reserved on the top cover sheet 1, and does not need to install insulating or airtight accessories, and is not subject to insulation or gas.
  • the limitation of the sealing performance of the sealing parts helps to improve the sealing performance of the battery, and reduces the overall parts of the top cover, which helps to reduce the overall manufacturing cost of the top cover.
  • the connecting part 32 of the adapter 3 is partially embedded in the top cover
  • the recess 10 at the bottom of the sheet 1, the recess 10 not only serves to limit the position of the connecting portion 32, but also increases the contact area between the adapter 3 and the top cover sheet 1, which helps to improve the contact area between the top cover sheet 1 and the adapter 3.
  • the adapter piece 3 in the concave portion 10, which helps to reduce the difficulty of welding the adapter piece 3, thereby reducing the production cost of the top cover.
  • the side extends downwards and can be welded together with the tabs of the battery.
  • the connecting part 32 of the adapter 3 is welded in the recess 10.
  • the adapter 3 can be disassembled or installed from the bottom of the top cover sheet 1, according to Depending on the size of the battery, only the adapter 3 needs to be replaced separately, eliminating the need to replace the corresponding insulating or airtight fittings, which helps to reduce the maintenance and production costs of the battery top cover.
  • the top cover sheet 1 of this embodiment is provided with a pole through hole 11, and the second pole assembly includes a pole body 4, an upper plastic part 5, a sealing ring, a lower plastic part 6, and a pole
  • the main body 4 is installed in the through hole 11 of the pole, and the upper plastic part 5 , the sealing ring and the lower plastic part 6 are sleeved on the pole body 4 from top to bottom in sequence, and a welding part 7 is installed on the bottom of the pole body 4 .
  • the upper plastic part 5 is set on the pole body 4, and the sealing ring is arranged between the upper plastic part 5 and the top cover sheet 1, so that the pole body 4 is fastened on the top cover sheet 1, which not only plays a role in the top cover sheet 1 and the pole body 4 can also ensure the airtightness between the top cover sheet 1 and the pole body 4; the bottom of the pole body 4 passes through the pole through hole 11 of the top cover sheet 1, and
  • the welding piece 7 is fixed on the bottom of the pole body 4, which can improve the stability between the pole body 4 and the welding piece 7, prevent the welding piece 7 from falling off, and help improve the safety of the battery.
  • the sealing ring is an assembly made of fluoroplastic injection molding or fluororubber die-cutting, which has good electrical insulation performance, high heat resistance, and oil resistance. , solvent resistance, wear resistance, moisture resistance and low temperature resistance, which help to prolong the service life of the sealing ring, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • the welding part 7 can be welded with the tab of the battery cell to play a role The function of electrically connecting the pole body 4 and the tab.
  • the shape of the concave portion 10 in this embodiment is L-shaped, square, circular or elliptical
  • the shape of the connecting portion 32 matches the shape of the concave portion 10
  • the corners and turns of the top cover sheet 1 The corners of the connector 3 are rounded.
  • the shape of the concave portion 10 is L-shaped, and the shape of the connecting portion 32 is also L-shaped, but the utility model is not limited thereto, and the shape of the concave portion 10 can also be square, circular, oval, etc. shape, or other irregular shapes, wherein, the corners of the connecting part 32, the corners of the body part 31 and the corners of the top cover sheet 1 can all adopt a rounded corner structure to avoid damage to the battery cell when the battery is assembled, which helps To improve battery safety.
  • the thickness direction of the body portion 31 of the adapter 3 in this embodiment is perpendicular to the width direction of the top cover sheet 1, that is, the top surface 314 of the body portion 31 faces the side wall of the tab at the battery core.
  • the top surface 314 of the body part 31 is parallel to the side wall of the tab at the cell, which is also convenient for bending or welding the tab of the cell.
  • the top surface of the body part 31 can be adjusted 314 orientation, in order to achieve a better welding effect.
  • the battery includes the power battery top covers of Embodiments 1 to 4.
  • the battery includes a casing and a top cover sheet 1
  • the casing includes a storage space surrounded by a plurality of side walls and an opening formed on one side of the storage space.
  • the top cover sheet 1 is arranged at the opening to close the receiving space.
  • the top cover sheet 1 is provided with a first pole assembly and a second pole assembly, the first pole assembly and the second pole assembly are used as the external conduction terminals of the battery, and the first pole assembly and the second pole assembly are used for for electrical connection with other components.
  • the battery also includes an electrode assembly, and the electrode assembly includes interconnected body units and tabs.
  • the body unit can be a wound structure or a laminated structure.
  • the body unit includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP or PE.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary Lithium or lithium manganate, etc.;
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, the material of the negative electrode current collector is copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon, etc. .
  • the tabs are used for electrical connection with the first pole assembly and the second pole assembly to lead out the electric energy of the first pole assembly and the second pole assembly to the outside of the battery.
  • the tabs are generally arranged on the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece in the body unit, and the tabs generally include positive pole tabs and negative pole tabs.
  • the tab can be directly connected to the first pole assembly and the second pole assembly; the tab can also be indirectly connected to the first pole assembly and the second pole assembly.
  • the electrical device includes the top cover of the power battery in Embodiments 1 to 3.
  • the electrical device may be a vehicle, a mobile phone, a portable device, a notebook computer, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, and the like.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.; electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drill, electric grinder, electric wrench, electric screwdriver, electric hammer, impact electric drill, concrete vibrator and electric planer etc., the utility model does not do special restriction to above-mentioned electric device.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型属于电池生产制造的技术领域，具体涉及一种动力电池顶盖、电池及用电装置，包括顶盖片(1)，安装有第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件；所述第一极柱组件包括电极件(2)和转接件(3)，所述电极件(2)从所述顶盖片(1)向上凸起形成；所述转接件(3)包括本体部(31)和连接部(32)，所述连接部(32)设置在所述本体部(31)的端部，所述顶盖片(1)的底部设置有凹部(10)，所述连接部(32)至少部分嵌于所述凹部(10)。本实用新型省去了绝缘配件和气密性配件，有助于降低顶盖的生产成本。

Description

一种动力电池顶盖、电池及用电装置 技术领域
本实用新型属于电池生产制造的技术领域，具体涉及一种动力电池顶盖、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
如今，锂离子电池作为一种新型二次电池，具有能量密度和功率密度大、工作电压高、重量轻、体积小、循环寿命长、安全性好、绿色环保等优点，在便携式电器、电动工具、大型贮能、电动交通动力电源等方面具有广阔的应用前景。锂电池为了将内部电极与外电路电连接，通常需要在顶盖上设置正极极柱和负极极柱。当前正极极柱和负极极柱通常都设置为不与顶盖片直接导通，而是通过绝缘或者上塑胶件、下塑胶件与顶盖片间接固定，以避免正极极柱和负极极柱通过顶盖发生短路。由于气密性的要求，需要在极柱与顶盖片之间设置密封圈，防止漏气。
现有的顶盖结构中，正极极柱和负极极柱需各配至少一套上塑胶件、下塑胶件、密封圈，但物料成本较高，另外，还需要铆接、焊接等工序分别将正极极柱和负极极柱与顶盖片固定，导致制造成本高。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的之一在于：针对现有技术的不足，提供一种动力电池顶盖，省去了绝缘配件和气密性配件，有助于降低顶盖的生产成本。
为了实现上述目的，本实用新型采用如下技术方案：
一种动力电池顶盖，包括顶盖片，安装有第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件；所述第一极柱组件包括电极件和转接件，所述电极件从所述顶盖片向上凸起形成，所述转接件与所述顶盖片连接；所述转接件包括本体部和连接部，所述连 接部设置在所述本体部的端部，所述顶盖片的底部设置有凹部，所述连接部至少部分嵌于所述凹部。
优选的，所述本体部包括第一段和第二段；所述第一段连接于所述连接部，所述第一段与所述第二段平行，所述第一段和所述第二段之间设置有弯折段。
优选的，所述本体部和所述连接部为一体式结构，所述第一段垂直于所述连接部的底面。
优选的，所述第一段从所述连接部的边缘向下延伸。
优选的，所述凹部的形状为L形、方形、圆形或椭圆形。
优选的，所述顶盖片设置有极柱通孔，所述第二极柱组件包括极柱本体、上塑胶件、密封圈、下塑胶件，所述极柱本体穿设于所述极柱通孔，所述上塑胶件、所述密封圈、所述下塑胶件由上到下依次套设在所述极柱本体，所述极柱本体的底部安装有焊接件。
优选的，所述顶盖片设置有防爆阀孔和注液孔中的至少一种。
本实用新型的目的之二在于提供一种电池，包括上述的动力电池顶盖。
本实用新型的目的之三在于提供一种用电装置，包括上述的动力电池顶盖。
本实用新型的有益效果在于，本实用新型包括顶盖片，安装有第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件；所述第一极柱组件包括电极件和转接件，所述电极件从所述顶盖片向上凸起形成；所述转接件包括本体部和连接部，所述连接部设置在所述本体部的端部，所述顶盖片的底部设置有凹部，所述连接部至少部分嵌于所述凹部。由于现有的顶盖结构中，正极极柱和负极极柱需各配至少一套上塑胶件、下塑胶件、密封圈，但物料成本较高，另外，还需要铆接、焊接等工序分别将正极极柱和负极极柱与顶盖片固定，导致制造成本高，因此，将电极件从顶盖片向上凸起形成，省去了在顶盖片上预留第一极柱组件的极柱通孔，无需安装绝缘或气密配件，不受绝缘或气密配件的密封性能的限制，有助于提高电池的密封性能，而且减少顶盖整体配件，有助于降低顶盖整体的制造成本， 同时，转接件的连接部部分嵌于顶盖片底部的凹部，凹部不仅起到限制连接部位置的作用，还能增加转接件和顶盖片的接触面积，有助于提高顶盖片和转接件之间的稳固性，而且，便于将转接件焊接于凹部内，有助于降低转接件焊接的难度，从而降低顶盖的生产成本，其中，本体部从连接部的中部或侧部向下延伸，能够与电芯的极耳焊接在一起，转接件的连接部焊接在凹部内，转接件可从顶盖片的底部拆卸或安装，可根据电池的尺寸，只需单独替换转接件，省去替换相应的绝缘或气密配件，有助于降低电池顶盖的维修和生产成本。本实用新型省去了绝缘配件和气密性配件，有助于降低顶盖的生产成本。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本实用新型示例性实施方式的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1为本实用新型中实施方式一的顶盖片的结构示意图。
图2为本实用新型中实施方式一的顶盖片和转接件安装后的结构示意图。
图3为本实用新型中实施方式一的顶盖片和转接件安装后的侧视图。
图4为本实用新型中实施方式二在安装第二极柱组件后的结构示意图。
图5为本实用新型中实施方式二在安装第二极柱组件后的正视图。
图6为本实用新型中实施方式四的顶盖片和转接件安装后的结构示意图。
图7为本实用新型中实施方式四在安装第二极柱组件后的结构示意图。
其中，附图标记说明如下：
1-顶盖片；10-凹部；11-极柱通孔；12-防爆阀孔；13-注液孔；
2-电极件；
3-转接件；31-本体部；32-连接部；311-第一段；312-第二段；313-弯折段；314-顶面；
4-极柱本体；
5-上塑胶件；
6-下塑胶件；
7-焊接件。
具体实施方式
如在说明书及权利要求当中使用了某些词汇来指称特定组件。本领域技术人员应可理解，硬件制造商可能会用不同名词来称呼同一个组件。本说明书及权利要求并不以名称的差异来作为区分组件的方式，而是以组件在功能上的差异来作为区分的准则。如在通篇说明书及权利要求当中所提及的“包含”为一开放式用语，故应解释成“包含但不限定于”。“大致”是指在可接受的误差范围内，本领域技术人员能够在一定误差范围内解决技术问题，基本达到技术效果。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在实用新型中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中的具体含义。
以下结合附图1～7对本实用新型作进一步详细说明，但不作为对本实用新型的限定。
实施方式一
下面结合附图1～3描述实施方式一
动力电池顶盖，包括顶盖片1，安装有第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件；第一极柱组件包括电极件2和转接件3，电极件2从顶盖片1向上凸起形成，转接件3与顶盖片1连接；转接件3包括本体部31和连接部32，连接部32设置在本体部31的端部，顶盖片1的底部设置有凹部10，连接部32至少部分嵌于凹部10。
由于现有的顶盖结构中，正极极柱和负极极柱需各配至少一套上塑胶件、下塑胶件、密封圈，但物料成本较高，另外，还需要铆接、焊接等工序分别将正极极柱和负极极柱与顶盖片固定，导致制造成本高，因此，将电极件2从顶盖片1向上凸起形成，省去了在顶盖片1上预留第一极柱组件的极柱通孔11，无需安装绝缘或气密配件，不受绝缘或气密配件的密封性能的限制，有助于提高电池的密封性能，而且减少顶盖整体配件，有助于降低顶盖整体的制造成本，同时，转接件3的连接部32部分嵌于顶盖片1底部的凹部10，凹部10不仅起到限制连接部32位置的作用，还能增加转接件3和顶盖片1的接触面积，有助于提高顶盖片1和转接件3之间的稳固性，而且，便于将转接件3焊接于凹部10内，有助于降低转接件3焊接的难度，从而降低顶盖的生产成本，其中，本体部31从连接部32的中部或侧部向下延伸，能够与电芯的极耳焊接在一起，转接件3的连接部32焊接在凹部10内，转接件3可从顶盖片1的底部拆卸或安装，可根据电池的尺寸，只需单独替换转接件3，省去替换相应的绝缘或气密配件，有助于降低电池顶盖的维修和生产成本。
于本实施方式中，电极件2为由顶盖片1向上凸起形成凸包结构、凸块结构或其他凸起结构，但本实用新型不以此为限，凸起的高度可以根据实际电池的结构进行调整，电极件2也可以为平面结构，即与顶盖片1的表面相平，有助于减少顶盖片1整体的高度。此外，凹部10内也可设置凸起，连接部32的表面也可设置与所述凸起配合的凹陷，满足连接部32和凹部10凹凸配合即可。
其中，第一极柱组件为正极极柱组件，第二极柱组件为负极极柱组件，负极极柱组件采用绝缘和密封配件，而正极柱组件采用电极件2和转接件3的结构，省去了正极极柱组件的绝缘配合和气密性配件，降低顶盖的生产成本，但本实用新型不以此为限，第一极柱组件也可以为负极极柱组件，第二极柱组件也可以为正极极柱组件，满足正极极柱组件、负极极柱组件之间绝缘即可。
在根据本实用新型的动力电池顶盖中，本体部31包括第一段311和第二段 312；第一段311连接于连接部32，第一段311与第二段312平行，第一段311和第二段312之间设置有弯折段313。增加弯折段313，可以与电芯的极耳形状匹配，降低电芯出现析锂等风险，具体的，弯折段313为连接第一段311与第二段312的倾斜部，弯折段313与第一段311之间、弯折段313与第二段312均为圆弧平滑过渡，避免弯折位置损伤电芯极耳的情况，第一段311可与第二段312平行，两者也可以不平行，第二段312的长度大于或等于第一段311的长度。
在根据本实用新型的动力电池顶盖中，本体部31和连接部32为一体式结构，第一段311垂直于连接部32的底面。于本实施方式中，本体部31和连接部32采用一体成型结构，有助于提高转接件3整体的机械强度，还能降低转接件3的生产成本，具体的，转接件3可通过同一板材冲压成型，也可以通过铸铝工艺一体成型，本体部31和连接部32均为板状结构，本体部31的尺寸稍大于连接部32，有助于增加转接件3和电芯的极耳的接触面积，增加过流面积，减少电池内部发热量，也可将本体部31连接更多的电芯，有助于提高电池的能量密度，此外，连接部32的厚度和凹部10的深度相同，凹部10的尺寸稍大于连接部32的尺寸，使得整个连接部32可容置在凹部10内，在焊接时，可沿连接部32和凹部10之间的缝隙进行焊接。其中，本体部31的厚度方向与顶盖片1的宽度方向平行，即本体部31的顶面314垂直于电芯处极耳的侧壁，便于将电芯的极耳弯折或焊接。
在根据本实用新型的动力电池顶盖中，第一段311从连接部32的边缘向下延伸，但本实用新型不以此为限，第一段311向下延伸的位置可以根据实际电芯的位置进行调整，也可以从连接部32的中部向下延伸，满足本体部31和电芯的极耳焊接在一起即可。
本实用新型的工作原理是：
将电极件2从顶盖片1向上凸起形成，省去了在顶盖片1上预留第一极柱组件的极柱通孔11，无需安装绝缘或气密配件，不受绝缘或气密配件的密封性能的限制，有助于提高电池的密封性能，而且减少顶盖整体配件，有助于降低 顶盖整体的制造成本，同时，转接件3的连接部32部分嵌于顶盖片1底部的凹部10，凹部10不仅起到限制连接部32位置的作用，还能增加转接件3和顶盖片1的接触面积，有助于提高顶盖片1和转接件3之间的稳固性，而且，便于将转接件3焊接于凹部10内，有助于降低转接件3焊接的难度，从而降低顶盖的生产成本，其中，本体部31从连接部32的中部或侧部向下延伸，能够与电芯的极耳焊接在一起，转接件3的连接部32焊接在凹部10内，转接件3可从顶盖片1的底部拆卸或安装，可根据电池的尺寸，只需单独替换转接件3，省去替换相应的绝缘或气密配件，有助于降低电池顶盖的维修和生产成本。
实施方式二
与实施方式一不同的是：本实施方式的顶盖片1设置有极柱通孔11，第二极柱组件包括极柱本体4、上塑胶件5、密封圈、下塑胶件6，极柱本体4穿设于极柱通孔11，上塑胶件5、密封圈、下塑胶件6由上到下依次套设在极柱本体4，极柱本体4的底部安装有焊接件7。具体的，将上塑胶件5套在极柱本体4上，密封圈设置于上塑胶件5和顶盖片1之间，使极柱本体4紧固在顶盖片1，不仅起到顶盖片1和极柱本体4之间的绝缘作用，还能确保顶盖片1和极柱本体4之间的密闭性；极柱本体4的底部穿过顶盖片1的极柱通孔11，且焊接件7固定在极柱本体4的底部，能够提高极柱本体4和焊接件7之间的稳固性，避免焊接件7脱落，有助于提高电池的安全性，同时，部分极柱本体4通过下塑胶件6固定于顶盖片1的底面，下塑胶件6起到绝缘极柱本体4和顶盖片1的底面的作用，极柱本体4固定于顶盖片1，有助于提高极柱本体4和顶盖片1之间的稳固性；密封圈由氟塑胶注塑成型或氟橡胶模切成型，制成的装配件，具有良好电绝缘性能、高度的耐热性、耐油性、耐溶剂、耐磨性、耐湿性和耐低温性，有助于延长密封圈的使用寿命，从而提高电芯安全性能，其中，焊接件7能够与电芯的极耳焊接在一起，起到电连接极柱本体4和极耳的作用。
其他结构与实施方式一相同，这里不再赘述。
实施方式三
与实施方式一不同的是：本实施方式的凹部10的形状为L形、方形、圆形或椭圆形，连接部32的形状与凹部10的形状相匹配，顶盖片1的边角和转接件3的边角均为倒圆角结构。于本实施方式中，凹部10的形状为L形，连接部32的形状也为L形，但本实用新型不以此为限，凹部10的形状也可以为方形、圆形、椭圆形等规则形状，或其它不规则形状，其中，连接部32的边角、本体部31的边角及顶盖片1的边角可均采用倒圆角结构，避免在电池组装时损伤电芯，有助于提高电池的安全性。
其他结构与实施方式一相同，这里不再赘述。
实施方式四
与实施方式一不同的是：本实施方式的转接件3的本体部31的厚度方向垂直于顶盖片1的宽度方向，即本体部31的顶面314朝向电芯处极耳的侧壁，且本体部31的顶面314与电芯处极耳的侧壁相平行，也便于将电芯的极耳弯折或焊接，根据实际电池极耳的结构，可以调整本体部31的顶面314朝向，以达到更好的焊接的效果。
其他结构与实施方式一相同，这里不再赘述。
电池和用电装置
电池，包括实施方式一～四的动力电池顶盖。
需要说明的是，电池包括壳体和顶盖片1，壳体包括多个侧壁围设形成的收容空间以及形成于收容空间一侧的开口。顶盖片1布置在开口处以封闭收容空间。顶盖片1上设置有第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件，第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件作为电池的外导通端，第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件用于与其他部件电性连接。同一电池上具有两个极柱组件，也即一个正极极柱组件和一个负极极柱组件。
电池还包括电极组件，电极组件包括相互连接的本体单元以及极耳。
本体单元可以是卷绕式的结构，也可以是叠片式的结构。本体单元包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜。具体地，隔离膜的材质可以为PP或PE等。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等；负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，负极集流体的材料为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。
极耳用于与第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件电连接以将第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件的电能引出到电池外部。极耳一般会设置在本体单元中的正极极片和负极极片上，极耳一般包括正极极耳和负极极耳。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量也为多个且层叠在一起。可以理解的，极耳可以直接与第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件连接；极耳也可以与第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件间接连接。
用电装置，包括实施方式一～三的动力电池顶盖。
需要说明的是，该用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等，本实用新型对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
根据上述说明书的揭示和教导，本实用新型所属领域的技术人员还能够对上述实施方式进行变更和修改。因此，本实用新型并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，凡是本领域技术人员在本实用新型的基础上所作出的任何显而易见的改 进、替换或变型均属于本实用新型的保护范围。此外，尽管本说明书中使用了一些特定的术语，但这些术语只是为了方便说明，并不对本实用新型构成任何限制。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种动力电池顶盖，其特征在于，包括：
    顶盖片(1)，安装有第一极柱组件和第二极柱组件；
    所述第一极柱组件包括电极件(2)和转接件(3)，所述电极件(2)从所述顶盖片(1)向上凸起形成，所述转接件(3)与所述顶盖片(1)连接；
    所述转接件(3)包括本体部(31)和连接部(32)，所述连接部(32)设置在所述本体部(31)的端部，所述顶盖片(1)的底部设置有凹部(10)，所述连接部(32)至少部分嵌于所述凹部(10)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种动力电池顶盖，其特征在于：所述本体部(31)包括第一段(311)和第二段(312)；
    所述第一段(311)连接于所述连接部(32)，所述第一段(311)与所述第二段(312)平行，所述第一段(311)和所述第二段(312)之间设置有弯折段(313)。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种动力电池顶盖，其特征在于：所述本体部(31)和所述连接部(32)为一体式结构，所述第一段(311)垂直于所述连接部(32)的底面。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种动力电池顶盖，其特征在于：所述第一段(311)从所述连接部(32)的边缘向下延伸。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任意一项所述的一种动力电池顶盖，其特征在于：所述凹部(10)的形状为L形、方形、圆形或椭圆形。
  6. 如权利要求1-4任意一项所述的一种动力电池顶盖，其特征在于：所述顶盖片(1)设置有极柱通孔(11)，所述第二极柱组件包括极柱本体(4)、上塑胶件(5)、密封圈、下塑胶件(6)，所述极柱本体(4)穿设于所述极柱通孔(11)，所述上塑胶件(5)、所述密封圈、所述下塑胶件(6)由上到下依次套设在所述极柱本体(4)，所述极柱本体(4)的底部安装有焊接件(7)。
  7. 如权利要求1-4任意一项所述的一种动力电池顶盖，其特征在于：所述顶 盖片(1)设置有防爆阀孔(12)和注液孔(13)中的至少一种。
  8. 一种电池，其特征在于：包括权利要求1-7任意一项所述的动力电池顶盖。
  9. 一种用电装置，其特征在于：包括权利要求1-7任意一项所述的动力电池顶盖。
PCT/CN2022/101064 2021-07-15 2022-06-24 一种动力电池顶盖、电池及用电装置 WO2023284523A1 (zh)

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