WO2023276893A1 - 絶縁電線、絶縁電線を含むコイル及びケーブル - Google Patents
絶縁電線、絶縁電線を含むコイル及びケーブル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023276893A1 WO2023276893A1 PCT/JP2022/025377 JP2022025377W WO2023276893A1 WO 2023276893 A1 WO2023276893 A1 WO 2023276893A1 JP 2022025377 W JP2022025377 W JP 2022025377W WO 2023276893 A1 WO2023276893 A1 WO 2023276893A1
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- insulated wire
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- same
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- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical group C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N decane Chemical group CCCCCCCCC[14CH3] DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012933 diacyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CCAFPWNGIUBUSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound CCS(=O)CC CCAFPWNGIUBUSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-NJFSPNSNSA-N dodecane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCC[14CH3] SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- UMRZSTCPUPJPOJ-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornane Chemical group C1C[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1C2 UMRZSTCPUPJPOJ-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003518 norbornenyl group Chemical group C12(C=CC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachloro-phenol Natural products OC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005634 peroxydicarbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- OXTXYKOWIHKUFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetratert-butyl 5-benzoylbenzene-1,2,3,4-tetracarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=C(C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C)C(C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C)=CC(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C OXTXYKOWIHKUFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/303—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups H01B3/38 or H01B3/302
- H01B3/306—Polyimides or polyesterimides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
- C08G65/4012—Other compound (II) containing a ketone group, e.g. X-Ar-C(=O)-Ar-X for polyetherketones
- C08G65/4031—(I) or (II) containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
- C08G65/4012—Other compound (II) containing a ketone group, e.g. X-Ar-C(=O)-Ar-X for polyetherketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D171/00—Coating compositions based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/303—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups H01B3/38 or H01B3/302
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/307—Other macromolecular compounds
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an insulated wire, a coil and cable including the insulated wire, a motor and a generator including the coil, and an electronic/electric device including the coil or cable.
- An insulated wire has an electric wire and an insulating film covering the surface of the electric wire.
- a coil obtained by winding the insulated wire and a cable obtained by protecting the surface of the insulated wire with an outer covering are used as components of electronic and electrical equipment.
- Patent Document 1 describes that an insulating film made of polyimide or polyamideimide and having a thickness of 40 to 65 ⁇ m is excellent in insulating performance and adhesion to conductor wires.
- the insulating film is manufactured by applying an insulating paint containing a precursor of polyimide or polyamideimide and a solvent to the conductor wire and baking the resulting coating film.
- Precursors of polyimide and polyamide-imide generate water during sintering, so when a thick layer of insulating paint is applied and baked, the vaporized water is difficult to discharge to the outside, resulting in voids and pinholes in the insulating film.
- Cheap Therefore, in order to form an insulating film with a thickness of 40 to 65 ⁇ m, it is necessary to repeat the operation of applying a thin insulating paint to a thickness of about 1 ⁇ m and baking it about 40 to 65 times, which has a large environmental load and is costly. The problem was that it was too bulky.
- NMP, DMAc, etc. are used as solvents for dissolving precursors of polyimide and polyamideimide.
- NMP and DMAc have been problematic in that their use is restricted as they are causative substances that adversely affect human health and the environment.
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide an insulated wire having a coating that is thin but has excellent insulation performance. Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a manufacturing method capable of manufacturing an insulated wire having a coating with excellent insulating performance while reducing environmental load and costs. Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a manufacturing method for manufacturing an insulated wire having a coating with excellent insulation performance at a firing temperature of 250° C. or less. Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a coil or cable including an insulated wire having a thin but excellent insulating coating. Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a motor or generator comprising the coil. Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an electronic/electric device comprising the coil or cable.
- the inventors of the present invention have found out the following matters as a result of intensive studies in order to solve the above problems.
- the compound represented by the following formula (1) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “compound (1)”) does not generate water during sintering, so even if it is applied thickly and fired, the water will cause 2.
- a cured product having no voids or pinholes can be formed.
- the cured product of compound (1) has a lower dielectric constant than polyimide or polyamideimide and has good insulating properties. 3. It can be made thinner. 4.
- Compound (1) is soluble in relatively low boiling point toluene, safer cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, etc., in addition to NMP and DMAc; Toluene, cyclohexanone, or cyclopentanone has a boiling point lower than that of NMP or DMAc and a large difference from the curing start temperature of compound (1). 5. Can be volatilized. When a radical polymerization initiator is used in combination, the curing initiation temperature of compound (1) can be lowered (for example, lowered to a temperature of 250° C. or lower), and a cured product can be formed without special temperature raising equipment. The present disclosure has been completed based on these findings.
- the present disclosure is an insulated wire comprising a conductor wire and an insulating film covering the conductor wire, wherein the insulating film contains a cured product of a compound represented by the following formula (1):
- I will provide a.
- R 1 and R 2 are represented by the following formula (r-1)
- Q represents C or CH.
- Two Q's in the formula are bonded via a single bond or a double bond.
- R 3 to R 6 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group.
- R 3 and R 4 may combine with each other to form a ring, n' represents an integer of 0 or more, and the bond indicated by the wavy line in the formula bonds to D 1 or D 2 ).
- L is a structure represented by the following formula (I) and the following formula (II) (Wherein, Ar 1 to Ar 3 are the same or different, a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the structural formula of an aromatic ring, or two or more aromatic rings bonded via a single bond or a linking group represents a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the structural formula, X represents --CO--, --S-- or --SO 2 --, and Y is the same or different, --S--, --SO 2 --, -O-, -CO-, -COO-, or -CONH-.n represents an integer of 0 or more) Shows a divalent group having a repeating unit containing a structure represented by]
- the present disclosure also provides the following formulas (d-1) to (d-4), wherein D 1 and D 2 in formula (1) are the same or different.
- Provide the insulated wire which is a group selected from the group containing the structure represented by.
- R 1 and R 2 in formula (1) are groups represented by the following formula (r-1′).
- Q represents C or CH.
- Two Qs in the formula are bonded via a single bond or a double bond.
- R 3 and R 4 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group. R 3 and R 4 may combine with each other to form a ring, and the bond with a wavy line in the formula is bonded to D 1 or D 2 )
- L in formula (1) is a divalent group represented by formula (L-1-1) or (L-1-2) below.
- m1 and m2 represent numbers from 2 to 50
- the present disclosure also provides the insulated wire in which the cured product of the compound represented by formula (1) has a dielectric constant of 2.7 or less at 10 GHz.
- the present disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing an insulated wire, which comprises applying an insulating coating containing a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a solvent to a conductor wire and heating to manufacture the insulated wire.
- R 1 and R 2 are represented by the following formula (r-1)
- Q represents C or CH.
- Two Q's in the formula are bonded via a single bond or a double bond.
- R 3 to R 6 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group.
- R 3 and R 4 may combine with each other to form a ring, n' represents an integer of 0 or more, and the bond indicated by the wavy line in the formula bonds to D 1 or D 2 ).
- L is a structure represented by the following formula (I) and the following formula (II) (Wherein, Ar 1 to Ar 3 are the same or different, a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the structural formula of an aromatic ring, or two or more aromatic rings bonded via a single bond or a linking group represents a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the structural formula, X represents --CO--, --S-- or --SO 2 --, and Y is the same or different, --S--, --SO 2 --, -O-, -CO-, -COO-, or -CONH-.n represents an integer of 0 or more) Shows a divalent group having a repeating unit containing a structure represented by]
- the present disclosure also provides a coil including the insulated wire.
- the present disclosure also provides a motor including the coil.
- the present disclosure also provides a generator comprising the coil.
- the present disclosure also provides an electronic/electric device comprising the coil.
- the present disclosure also provides a cable including the insulated wire.
- the present disclosure also provides an electronic/electrical device comprising the cable.
- the insulated wire of the present disclosure has an insulating film that does not have voids or pinholes and has high insulating properties. Therefore, if the insulated wire is used, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a short circuit, a ground fault, an electric leakage, etc., and it is safe.
- the insulated wire can be used, for example, for coils, cables, and the like. Also, the coil including the insulated wire can be suitably used for motors, generators, and the like. A cable including the insulated wire can be suitably used as a connection part in an electronic/electrical device.
- the insulated wire of the present disclosure can be manufactured in a short process and can reduce manufacturing costs. Moreover, the environmental load can be reduced. Furthermore, the insulating film provided in the insulated wire can maintain high insulating performance even if the thickness is reduced as compared with the conventional one. Therefore, the use of the insulated wire makes it possible to meet the demand for further miniaturization and weight reduction of electronic and electrical equipment.
- An insulated wire of the present disclosure is an insulated wire including a conductor wire and an insulating film covering the conductor wire.
- the insulating film contains a cured product of the compound represented by Formula (1).
- the proportion of the cured product of the compound represented by formula (1) is, for example, 50% by weight or more, preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 80% by weight. Above, most preferably 90% by weight or more, particularly preferably 95% by weight or more. Incidentally, the upper limit is 100% by weight. That is, the insulating film may consist only of a cured product of the compound represented by formula (1).
- An insulated wire can be obtained, for example, by applying an insulating paint containing compound (1) and a solvent to the surface of a conductor wire and baking the resulting thin film to form an insulating film. That is, the cured product of the compound represented by formula (1) is a sintered body of the insulating coating.
- the insulating paint contains compound (1) and solvent.
- the content of compound (1) in the insulating coating is, for example, 10% by weight or more, preferably 15% by weight or more, more preferably 20% by weight or more, of the total (100% by weight) of compound (1) and solvent. It is preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 50% by weight or more, still more preferably 60% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 65% by weight or more.
- the upper limit of the content of compound (1) is, for example, 95% by weight, preferably 90% by weight, particularly preferably 80% by weight.
- the insulating paint may contain other components in addition to the compound (1) and the solvent, if necessary. Other components include, for example, radical polymerization initiators. If a radical polymerization initiator is added to the insulating paint, the effect of lowering the baking temperature of the insulating paint (for example, lowering the temperature to 250° C. or less) can be obtained.
- the insulating paint can be prepared by mixing compound (1) and a solvent, for example, by heating and stirring at a temperature of 80°C or less, preferably 40 to 80°C, particularly preferably 50 to 70°C.
- the method of applying the insulating paint to the conductor wire is not particularly limited as long as a thin film of the insulating paint can be formed on the surface of the conductor wire.
- the dip coating method is a method of forming a thin film by immersing a conductor wire in an insulating paint to adhere the insulating paint to the surface of the conductor wire.
- the temperature of the insulating paint When applying to the conductor wire, it is preferable to keep the temperature of the insulating paint at a temperature lower than the exothermic start temperature of compound (1). At the above temperature, the curing reaction of compound (1) does not proceed, so that the insulating coating can be applied to the conductor wire while suppressing the thickening of the insulating coating, and a thin film having a uniform thickness can be formed.
- the application of the insulating paint to the conductor wire can be repeated multiple times until the thickness of the thin film reaches a desired thickness.
- Compound (1) does not generate water upon curing. Therefore, voids and pinholes caused by the water do not occur even when thin films are laminated to a desired thickness and then fired. Also, if the thin films are laminated and then fired, the number of times of firing can be reduced, which saves power and energy.
- After applying the insulating paint it is preferable to dry the coating film before the next application.
- the coating film can be dried, for example, by heating at a temperature higher than room temperature and lower than the exothermic start temperature of compound (1).
- the exothermic start temperature of compound (1) is, for example, 220°C or higher, particularly 230°C or higher, further 240°C or higher, particularly 250°C or higher.
- the upper limit of the exothermic start temperature is 320° C., for example.
- the exothermic start temperature of compound (1) can be obtained by DSC measurement (heating rate: 20° C./min, in nitrogen).
- a radical polymerization initiator may be added to the insulating paint.
- the amount of radical polymerization initiator to be added is, for example, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of compound (1).
- the radical polymerization reaction can be promoted, and the firing temperature can be further lowered.
- an inert gas atmosphere for example, a nitrogen atmosphere, an argon atmosphere, etc.
- the cured product of compound (1) thus obtained (or the insulating film containing the cured product of compound (1)) has a relative permittivity at 10 GHz of, for example, 2.70 or less, preferably 2.65 or less, Especially preferably, it is 2.60 or less.
- the lower limit value of the dielectric constant is, for example, 2.20. Since the cured product of compound (1) has the dielectric constant, the insulating film containing the cured product of compound (1) has excellent insulating properties.
- the insulating film containing the cured product of compound (1) has excellent insulating properties, even if the insulating film is thin (for example, even if the thickness is 30 ⁇ m or less), it can exhibit a sufficient insulating function.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the insulating film is, for example, 10 ⁇ m.
- the cured product of compound (1) has high adhesion to conductor wires. Cracks do not occur even when wrapped around.
- the cured product of compound (1) has a 5% weight loss temperature (T d5 ) measured at a heating rate of 20°C/min (in nitrogen) of 300°C or higher, preferably 400°C or higher, and particularly preferably 500°C. °C or higher.
- the upper limit of the 5% weight loss temperature (T d5 ) is, for example, 600°C. Therefore, the insulating film containing the cured product has excellent heat resistance, and the insulated wire provided with such an insulating film having excellent heat resistance can be soldered and has versatility.
- Compound (1) is represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 and R 2 are represented by the following formula (r-1)
- Q represents C or CH.
- Two Q's in the formula are bonded via a single bond or a double bond.
- R 3 to R 6 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group.
- R 3 and R 4 may combine with each other to form a ring
- n' represents an integer of 0 or more
- the bond indicated by the wavy line in the formula bonds to D 1 or D 2 represents a group represented by D 1 and D 2 are the same or different and represent a single bond or a linking group.
- L is a structure represented by the following formula (I) and the following formula (II) (Wherein, Ar 1 to Ar 3 are the same or different, a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the structural formula of an aromatic ring, or two or more aromatic rings bonded via a single bond or a linking group X represents a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the structural formula (more specifically, from the aromatic ring portion in the structural formula in which two or more aromatic rings are bonded via a single bond or a linking group).
- hydrocarbon groups for R 3 to R 6 include saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups (preferably alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkynyl group), an aromatic hydrocarbon group (preferably an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group), or selected from the saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic hydrocarbon group A group in which two or more groups are bonded.
- saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups preferably alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkynyl group
- an aromatic hydrocarbon group preferably an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group
- R 3 and R 4 may combine with each other to form a ring together with adjacent carbon atoms.
- the ring include an alicyclic ring having 3 to 20 carbon atoms and an aromatic ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- the alicyclic ring having 3 to 20 carbon atoms is, for example, about 3 to 20 members (preferably 3 to 15 members, particularly preferably 5 to 8 members) such as cyclopropane ring, cyclobutane ring, cyclopentane ring and cyclohexane ring. cycloalkane ring; cyclopentene ring, cyclohexene ring, etc.
- 3-20 membered (preferably 3-15 membered, particularly preferably 5-8 membered) cycloalkene ring; perhydronaphthalene ring, norbornane ring, norbornene ring , adamantane ring, tricyclo[5.2.1.0 2,6 ]decane ring, tetracyclo[4.4.0.1 2,5 . 1 7,10 ] and bridged cyclic hydrocarbon groups such as dodecane ring.
- the aromatic ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms includes benzene ring, naphthalene ring and the like.
- n' is an integer of 0 or more, for example an integer of 0 to 3, preferably 0 or 1.
- One or more substituents may be bonded to the groups represented by the formulas (r-1-1) to (r-1-6).
- substituents include alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and halogen atoms.
- the group represented by the above formula (r-1) is particularly preferably a group selected from the groups represented by the above formulas (r-1-1) to (r-1-5), particularly preferably the above It is a group represented by formula (r-1-1) or (r-1-5).
- D 1 and D 2 are the same or different and represent a single bond or a linking group.
- the linking group include a divalent hydrocarbon group, a divalent heterocyclic group, a carbonyl group, an ether bond, an ester bond, a carbonate bond, an amide bond, an imide bond, and groups in which a plurality of these are linked. is mentioned.
- D 1 and D 2 are preferably groups containing a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, particularly 1,4-phenylene group, 1,3-phenylene group, 4,4'-biphenylene group, 3,3'-biphenylene group, 2,6-naphthalenediyl group, 2,7-naphthalenediyl group, 1,8-naphthalenediyl group, anthracenediyl group
- a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group particularly 1,4-phenylene group, 1,3-phenylene group, 4,4'-biphenylene group, 3,3'-biphenylene group, 2,6-naphthalenediyl group, 2,7-naphthalenediyl group, 1,8-naphthalenediyl group, anthracenediyl group
- An arylene group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms such as is preferred.
- D 1 and D 2 are preferably groups selected from groups containing structures represented by the following formulas (d-1) to (d-4), particularly represented by the following formula (d-1)
- Groups containing a phenylene group (1,2-phenylene group, 1,3-phenylene group or 1,4-phenylene group) are preferred, and groups containing a 1,4-phenylene group are particularly preferred.
- D 1 and D 2 together with the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group are at least one group selected from the group consisting of a carbonyl group, an ether bond, an ester bond, a carbonate bond, an amide bond, and an imide bond.
- a group in which is linked is preferred, and a group in which an ether bond is linked to the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group is particularly preferred.
- R 1 -D 1 -group and R 2 -D 2 -group in formula (1) are represented by the following formula (rd-1′-1) or (rd-1′-2) groups are preferred. (wherein Q, R 3 and R 4 are the same as above)
- Ar 1 to Ar 3 are the same or different, and are a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the structural formula of an aromatic ring, or a structural formula in which two or more aromatic rings are bonded via a single bond or a linking group. A group with two hydrogen atoms removed is shown.
- aromatic ring examples include aromatic rings having 6 to 14 carbon atoms such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthrene. Among them, aromatic rings having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as benzene and naphthalene are preferred.
- linking group examples include a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a group in which one or more hydrogen atoms of the divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms are substituted with a halogen atom, and the like. is mentioned.
- Ar 1 to Ar 3 are the same or different, and are groups obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the structural formula of an aromatic ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, or two aromatic rings having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- the above is a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or one or more hydrogen atoms of a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is substituted with a halogen atom. It is preferably a group in which two hydrogen atoms are removed from the structural formula bonded through the group.
- Ar 1 to Ar 3 are preferably the same or different groups selected from groups represented by the following formulas (a-1) to (a-5). In addition, there is no particular restriction on the position where the joint is attached in the following formula.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 in formula (I) are preferably groups obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the structural formula of an aromatic ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, particularly the above formula (a-1). or a group represented by (a-2) is preferred.
- X is preferably -CO- or -SO 2 -.
- Ar 3 in formula (II) is preferably a group selected from the groups represented by the above formulas (a-1), (a-4) and (a-5).
- Y is preferably -S-, -O- or -SO 2 -.
- n in formula (II) represents an integer of 0 or more, for example an integer of 0 to 5, preferably an integer of 1 to 5, particularly preferably an integer of 1 to 3.
- L in formula (1) a divalent group represented by the following formula (L-1-1) or (L-1-2) is preferable.
- the number of units, that is, the average degree of polymerization is, for example, 2-50, preferably 3-40, more preferably 4-30, particularly preferably 5-20, and most preferably 5-10.
- the values of m1 and m2 can be determined by GPC measurement or NMR spectrum analysis.
- the number of moles of the group represented by formula (r-1) per 1 g of compound (1) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "functional group concentration") is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 to 20 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 mol/g.
- the upper limit of the functional group concentration is preferably 15 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 mol/g, most preferably 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 mol/g.
- the lower limit of the functional group concentration is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 mol/g, most preferably 1.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 mol/g.
- the functional group concentration is obtained by calculating the area of each peak from the 1 H-NMR spectrum of the compound (1) and inserting the calculated value into the following formula.
- Functional group concentration [Peak area of group represented by formula (r-1) / Number of protons of group represented by formula (r-1)] / ⁇ [(each peak area / group to which each peak belongs number of protons) ⁇ chemical formula weight corresponding to each peak]
- the number average molecular weight (Mn; standard polystyrene conversion) of compound (1) is, for example, 1000 to 15000, preferably 1500 to 12000, more preferably 2000 to 10000, particularly preferably 2200 to 8000, most preferably 2500 to 7500. .
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw; standard polystyrene conversion) of compound (1) is, for example, 1000 to 45000.
- the lower limit of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is preferably 1,500, more preferably 2,500, particularly preferably 3,000, most preferably 4,000.
- the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is preferably 40,000, more preferably 35,000, still more preferably 25,000.
- the compound (1) has excellent solvent solubility, and the solubility is 1 g or more, preferably 5 g or more, and particularly preferably 10 g or more per 100 g of solvent at 23°C.
- Compound (1) is, for example, the following formula (2) (In the formula, D 1 , D 2 and L are the same as above) and a compound represented by the following formula (3) (In the formula, Q and R 3 to R 6 are the same as above)
- the compound represented by can be produced by reacting.
- Step [1-1] A compound represented by the following formula (4) and a compound represented by the following formula (5) are reacted in the presence of a base to obtain a compound represented by the following formula (6). to obtain the compound.
- Ar 1 to Ar 3 , X, Y and n are the same as above.
- D represents a linking group, examples of which are the same as those of the linking groups for D 1 and D 2 .
- m is the average degree of polymerization of the repeating unit, for example 3-50, preferably 4-30, particularly preferably 5-20.
- Z represents a halogen atom.
- Examples of the compound represented by formula (4) include halides of bisaryl compounds such as benzophenone and 2-naphthylphenylketo, and derivatives thereof.
- Examples of compounds represented by formula (5) include hydroquinone, resorcinol, bisphenol A, and the like.
- the base examples include inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate; organic bases such as pyridine and triethylamine.
- inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate
- organic bases such as pyridine and triethylamine.
- the amount of the base used can be appropriately adjusted depending on the type of base.
- the amount of diacid base such as calcium hydroxide to be used is about 1.0 to 2.0 mol per 1 mol of the compound represented by formula (5).
- this reaction can be performed in the presence of a solvent.
- the solvent include organic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylformamide and dimethylsulfoxide, and mixed solvents of two or more thereof.
- the reaction atmosphere is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction, and may be, for example, a nitrogen atmosphere, an argon atmosphere, or the like.
- the reaction temperature is, for example, about 100-200°C.
- Step [1-2] Examples of the compound represented by the above formula (7) include 4-aminophenol, 2-amino-6-hydroxynaphthalene, and positional isomers and derivatives thereof.
- this reaction can be performed in the presence of a solvent.
- a solvent the same one as used in step [1] can be used.
- the reaction temperature is, for example, about 100-200°C.
- Solvents used for insulating coating include, for example, chain ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; cyclic ketones such as cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone; formamide, acetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N, amides such as N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc); halogens such as methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, dichlorobenzene, benzotrifluoride and hexafluoro-2-propanol sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), diethyl sulfoxide, and benzylphenyl sulfoxide; tetrahydrofuran (THF); aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene
- the solvent is preferably at least one solvent selected from the aromatic hydrocarbons, the cyclic ketones, and the amides, and more preferably at least one solvent selected from the aromatic hydrocarbons and the cyclic ketones. Seed solvents are preferred.
- the radical polymerization initiator includes a photoradical polymerization initiator and a thermal radical polymerization initiator.
- photoradical polymerization initiator examples include benzophenone, acetophenone benzyl, benzyl dimethyl ketone, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, dimethoxyacetophenone, dimethoxyphenylacetophenone, diethoxyacetophenone, diphenyldisulfite, Methyl orthobenzoylbenzoate, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "Kayacure EPA", etc.), 2,4-diethylthioxanthone (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name) “Kayacure DETX” etc.), 2-methyl-1-[4-(methyl)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropanone-1 (manufactured by Ciba Geigy
- Alkane compounds aminobenzene derivatives such as tetra(t-butylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, benzyl, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one, 4,4'-bis(diethylamino)benzophenone, 2,2'-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-4,5,4',5'-tetraphenyl-1,2'-biimidazole (manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "B-CIM”, etc.
- aminobenzene derivatives such as tetra(t-butylperoxycarbonyl)benzophenone, benzyl, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one, 4,4'-bis(diethylamino)benzophenone, 2,2'-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-4,5,4',5'-tetraphenyl-1,2'-biimidazole (
- halomethyloxadiazole compounds such as (2-benzofuran-2-yl-ethenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types. Moreover, a photosensitizer can be added as needed.
- thermal radical polymerization initiator examples include azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile and organic peroxides.
- organic peroxides include hydroperoxides, dialkyl peroxides, peroxyesters, diacyl peroxides, peroxydicarbonates, peroxyketals, ketone peroxides (specifically, benzoyl peroxide, t-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(2-ethylhexanoyl)peroxyhexane, t-butyl peroxybenzoate, t-butyl peroxide, cumene hydro peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-dibutylperoxyhexane, 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, 1,4-di(2-t- Butylperoxyisoprop
- a conductor line is a wiring formed of a conductive material.
- the conductive material include copper, copper alloys, aluminum, aluminum alloys, and stainless steel. Among them, copper is preferable in that high conductivity can be obtained. Therefore, a copper wire is preferable as the conductor wire.
- the conductor wire may have a plating layer (for example, a tin plating layer) on its surface to suppress corrosion.
- a plating layer for example, a tin plating layer
- the diameter of the conductor wire is, for example, 0.5 to 2.0 mm.
- the cross-sectional shape of the conductor wire is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the application. Examples thereof include circular, rectangular and square shapes.
- a coil of the present disclosure includes the insulated wire described above. More specifically, it has a structure in which the insulated wire is wound.
- the coil is suitably used in electronic/electrical equipment [eg, equipment equipped with a conversion device for electrical energy and mechanical energy, such as a motor (for example, a motor for a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle) or a generator].
- the insulating film of the insulated wire has excellent insulating properties, and can ensure high insulation even when thinned. Therefore, by thinning the insulating film, the coil of the present disclosure can be reduced in size and weight while maintaining insulating properties.
- the coil of the present disclosure including the insulated wire has high reliability in electrical characteristics. have.
- the cable can be suitably used as a connecting part of electronic/electrical equipment (for example, a charger cord for smartphones, a LAN cable for electronic equipment, a cord for home electric appliances, etc.).
- the insulating film of the insulated wire has excellent insulating properties, and can ensure high insulation even when thinned. Therefore, by thinning the insulating film, the cable of the present disclosure can be made smaller and lighter while maintaining insulating properties.
- the cable of the present disclosure including the insulated wire has high reliability in electrical properties.
- the electronic/electrical device is, for example, a device provided with connection parts such as cords and LAN cables, and includes chargers for smartphones and the like, electronic devices such as smartphones including the chargers, home electric appliances, and the like.
- each configuration and combination thereof of the present disclosure are examples, and the configuration can be added, omitted, replaced, and changed as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present disclosure.
- Preparation Example 1 (Preparation of compound (1-1)) (Step 1-1) A reactor equipped with a stirrer, nitrogen inlet, and Dean-Stark apparatus was charged with 37.25 g of 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone, 32.48 g of bisphenol A, 29.50 g of anhydrous potassium carbonate, 214.4 g of N-methylpyrrolidone, and 90.4 g of toluene were added and heated with stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere to reflux toluene at 130 to 140° C. for 4 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was further heated to 170-180° C. to distill off the toluene. Further, after continuing stirring at 170 to 180° C. for 10 hours, the temperature was returned to room temperature.
- Step 1-2 Then, 6.520 g of 4-aminophenol, 8.260 g of anhydrous potassium carbonate, 27.9 g of N-methylpyrrolidone, and 117.4 g of toluene are added to the reactor containing the reaction product, and stirred again under a nitrogen atmosphere. While heating, the toluene was refluxed at 130 to 140° C. for 3 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was heated to 170 to 180° C. to distill off toluene, and the temperature was maintained while stirring was continued for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction solution was added to 3000 mL of methanol and filtered to obtain a powdery solid. After repeatedly washing this powdery solid with methanol and water, it was dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. overnight to obtain Diamine-1 (Diamine-1, a compound represented by the following formula) as a powdery solid.
- Diamine-1 Diamine-1 (Diamine-1, a compound represented by the following formula) as a powdery solid.
- Step 2 Into a reactor equipped with a stirrer, nitrogen inlet, and Dean-Stark apparatus, 49.70 g of diamine-1 obtained in Step 1, 6.03 g of maleic anhydride, 316.0 g of N-methylpyrrolidone, and 178 g of toluene were added. .3 g was added and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After that, 1.086 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid was added as a catalyst, the temperature was raised to 140° C., stirring was continued for 8 hours, and toluene was refluxed to remove moisture.
- reaction liquid After returning the reaction liquid to room temperature, the reaction liquid was added to 3000 mL of methanol to obtain a powdery solid. After repeatedly washing this powdery solid with methanol and water, it was dried under reduced pressure overnight at 80° C. to obtain 48.8 g of compound (1-1) (compound represented by the following formula (1-1)). .
- the functional group concentration was calculated from the integrated intensity ratio of the signals in the 1 H-NMR spectrum. Also, the number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight were determined by GPC measurement. Furthermore, the exothermic start temperature was determined by DSC measurement, and the 5% thermal weight loss temperature (T d5 ) was determined by TGA measurement. The results are summarized in Table 1 below.
- the solvent solubility of the obtained compound (1-1) was measured by the following method.
- Compound (1-1) and a solvent shown in the table below are mixed at a ratio such that the concentration of compound (1-1) is 20% by weight, and stirred at 60° C. for 1.5 hours to obtain compound (1-1).
- Solvent solubility was evaluated. As a result, compound (1-1) was completely dissolved in any solvent. In addition, no precipitate was generated during storage for 30 days after dissolution. That is, it was confirmed that compound (1-1) had good solvent solubility ( ⁇ ).
- Preparation Example 2 (Preparation of insulating paint) The compound (1-1) obtained in Preparation Example 1 and cyclohexanone were mixed at a ratio such that the concentration of compound (1-1) was 20% by weight, and the mixture was stirred at 60° C. and 400 rpm for 1.5 to 2 hours, Compound (1-1) was dissolved. Next, 1% by weight of the compound (1-1) used amount of a radical polymerization initiator (trade name "Percumyl D", manufactured by NOF Corporation) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 minutes to form the insulating coating 1. Obtained.
- a radical polymerization initiator trade name "Percumyl D", manufactured by NOF Corporation
- Preparation Example 3 (Preparation of insulating paint) An insulating paint 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Preparation Example 2, except that cyclopentanone was used instead of cyclohexanone.
- Example 1 Pretreatment> Dirt such as dust and oil adhering to the copper wire was removed with an alkaline aqueous solution, and after washing with water, chemical polishing was performed with an acidic aqueous solution, and after further washing with water, water and humidity on the copper surface were removed with alcohol.
- the coated copper wire was pulled up from the insulating coating and dried at 150° C. for 5 minutes under normal pressure.
- Example 2 An insulated wire 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the insulating paint 2 was used instead of the insulating paint 1.
- the dielectric constant of the insulating film was measured by cutting the compact to prepare a test piece with a width of 1.5 mm, and measuring the dielectric constant by the cavity resonator perturbation method (according to ASTM D2520). The frequency was measured at 10 GHz. As a result, the dielectric constant was 2.60, and it was confirmed that the insulation performance was superior to that of polyimide and polyamideimide. Polyimide has a relative dielectric constant of 3.34, and polyamideimide has a relative dielectric constant of more than 2.7.
- An insulated wire comprising a conductor wire and an insulating film covering the conductor wire, wherein the insulating film contains a cured product of the compound represented by formula (1).
- the compound represented by the formula (1) has an exothermic start temperature of 220° C. or higher as determined by DSC measurement under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature increase of 20° C./min, [1] or [ 2].
- D 1 and D 2 in formula (1) are selected from the group consisting of an arylene group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, an ether bond, an ester bond, a carbonate bond, an amide bond, and an imide bond;
- the insulation according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein D 1 and D 2 in formula (1) are groups in which an ether bond is linked to a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group. Electrical wire.
- the insulated wire according to any one of [1] to [24] is produced by applying an insulating paint containing a compound represented by formula (1) and a solvent to a conductor wire and heating the wire.
- a method for manufacturing an insulated wire [26] A coil including the insulated wire according to any one of [1] to [24]. [27] A motor comprising the coil according to [26]. [28] A generator comprising the coil according to [26]. [29] An electronic/electric device comprising the coil according to [26]. [30] A cable including the insulated wire according to any one of [1] to [24]. [31] An electronic/electric device comprising the cable according to [30].
- the insulated wire of the present disclosure has an insulating film that does not have voids or pinholes and has high insulating properties. Therefore, if the insulated wire is used, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a short circuit, a ground fault, an electric leakage, etc., and it is safe.
- the insulated wire can be used, for example, for coils, cables, and the like. Also, the coil including the insulated wire can be suitably used for motors, generators, and the like. A cable including the insulated wire can be suitably used as a connection part in an electronic/electrical device.
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Abstract
Description
本開示の他の目的は、絶縁性能に優れた被膜を備える絶縁電線を、環境負荷やコストを削減しつつ製造することができる、製造方法を提供することにある。
本開示の他の目的は、絶縁性能に優れた被膜を備える絶縁電線を、250℃以下の焼成温度で製造する製造方法を提供することにある。
本開示の他の目的は、薄くても絶縁性能に優れた被膜を備える絶縁電線を含むコイルやケーブルを提供することにある。
本開示の他の目的は、前記コイルを備えるモーター又は発電機を提供することにある。
本開示の他の目的は、前記コイル又はケーブルを備える電子・電気機器を提供することにある。
1.下記式(1)で表される化合物(以後、「化合物(1)」と称する場合がある)は、焼結時に水を生成しないので、厚く塗布して焼成しても、前記水によって引き起こされるボイドやピンホールを有さない硬化物を形成することができること
2.化合物(1)の硬化物は、ポリイミドやポリアミドイミドより比誘電率が低く良好な絶縁性を有するため、前記硬化物で絶縁膜を形成すれば、ポリイミドやポリアミドイミドで絶縁膜を形成する場合に比べて薄膜化できること
3.化合物(1)は、NMPやDMAc以外にも、比較的低沸点のトルエンや、より安全性の高いシクロヘキサノン、シクロペンタノン等に溶解性を示すため、作業性に優れること
4.トルエン、シクロヘキサノン、又はシクロペンタノンは、その沸点が、NMPやDMAcの沸点に比べ低く、且つ化合物(1)の硬化開始温度との差が大きいので、化合物(1)の硬化を抑制しつつ、揮発させることができること
5.ラジカル重合開始剤を併用すると、化合物(1)の硬化開始温度を低下(例えば、250℃以下の温度に低下)させることができ、特殊な昇温設備がなくても、硬化物を形成することが可能となること
本開示はこれらの知見に基づいて完成させたものである。
で表される基を示す。D1、D2は、同一又は異なって、単結合又は連結基を示す。Lは、下記式(I)で表される構造と下記式(II)
で表される構造を含む繰り返し単位を有する2価の基を示す]
で表される基を示す。D1、D2は、同一又は異なって、単結合又は連結基を示す。Lは、下記式(I)で表される構造と下記式(II)
で表される構造を含む繰り返し単位を有する2価の基を示す]
本開示の絶縁電線は、導体線と、前記導体線を被覆する絶縁膜とを備える絶縁電線である。
化合物(1)は、下記式(1)で表される。
で表される基を示す。D1、D2は、同一又は異なって、単結合又は連結基を示す。Lは、下記式(I)で表される構造と下記式(II)
で表される構造を含む繰り返し単位を有する2価の基を示す]
官能基濃度=[式(r-1)で表される基のピーク面積/式(r-1)で表される基のプロトン数]/Σ[(各ピーク面積/各ピークが帰属される基のプロトン数)×各ピークに対応する化学式量]
で表される化合物と、下記式(3)
で表される化合物を、反応させることにより製造することができる。
工程[1-1]:下記式(4)で表される化合物と下記式(5)で表される化合物とを、塩基の存在下で反応させることにより、下記式(6)で表される化合物を得る。
工程[1-2]:下記式(6)で表される化合物に、アミノアルコール(下記式(7)で表される化合物)を反応させる
式(4)で表される化合物としては、例えば、ベンゾフェノン、2-ナフチルフェニルケト等のビスアリール化合物のハロゲン化物、及びこれらの誘導体等が挙げられる。
上記式(7)で表される化合物としては、例えば、4-アミノフェノール、2-アミノ-6-ヒドロキシナフタレン、及びこれらの位置異性体や誘導体等が挙げられる。
絶縁塗料に使用される溶剤としては、例えば、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等の鎖状ケトン;シクロペンタンノン、シクロヘキサノン等の環状ケトン;ホルムアミド、アセトアミド、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc)等のアミド;塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、1,2-ジクロロエタン、クロロベンゼン、ブロモベンゼン、ジクロロベンゼン、ベンゾトリフルオライド、ヘキサフルオロ-2-プロパノール等のハロゲン化炭化水素;ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)、ジエチルスルホキシド、ベンジルフェニルスルホキシド等のスルホキシド;テトラヒドロフラン(THF);ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素;及びこれらの2種以上の混合液等が挙げられる。
前記ラジカル重合開始剤には、光ラジカル重合開始剤と熱ラジカル重合開始剤が含まれる。
導体線は、導電性を有する素材で形成されたる配線である。前記導電性を有する素材としては、例えば、銅、銅合金、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、ステンレス等が挙げられる。なかでも、高い導電性が得られる点で銅が好ましい。従って、導体線としては、銅線が好ましい。
本開示のコイルは、上記絶縁電線を含む。より詳細には、上記絶縁電線が巻回された構成を有する。前記コイルは、電子・電気機器[例えば、モーター(例えば、ハイブリッド車や電気自動車のモーター等)や発電機等の、電気エネルギーと機械エネルギーの変換装置を備える機器]等において好適に使用される。
本開示のケーブルは、上記絶縁電線を含む。より詳細には、上記絶縁電線の1本、又は上記絶縁電線の数本が束ねられ、その表面に保護外被覆(=シース)が施された構成を有する。前記ケーブルは、電子・電気機器の接続部品(例えば、スマートフォン等の充電器のコード、電子機器のLANケーブル、家電製品のコード等)として好適に使用することができる。
<NMR測定>
測定装置:JEOL ECA500、又はBRUKER AVANCE600MHz
測定溶剤:重DMSO、重クロロホルム、又は重クロロホルム/ペンタフルオロフェノール=2/1(wt/wt)の混合液
化学シフト:TMSを規準とした
<GPC測定>
装置:ポンプ「LC-20AD」((株)島津製作所製)
検出器:RID-10A((株)島津製作所製)又はMODEL302TDA(Viscotek製)、及びUV2501(Viscotek製)
溶剤:THF又はクロロホルム
カラム:(Shodex KF-803)×1,(Shodex KF802)×1,および(Shodex KF801)×2
流速:1.0mL/min
温度:40℃
試料濃度:0.1%(wt/vol)
標準ポリスチレン換算
<DSC測定>
装置:DSC Q2000(TA Instruments社製)
昇温速度:20℃/min
雰囲気:窒素雰囲気
<TGA測定>
装置:TG/DTA6200(セイコー インスツル(株)製)
昇温速度:20℃/min
雰囲気:窒素雰囲気
(工程1-1)
撹拌装置、窒素導入管、およびディーンスターク装置を備えた反応器に、4,4'-ジフルオロベンゾフェノン 37.25g、ビスフェノールA 32.48g、無水炭酸カリウム 29.50g、N-メチルピロリドン 214.4g、およびトルエン 90.4gを入れ、窒素雰囲気下で撹拌しながら加熱し、130~140℃で4時間トルエンを還流させた。その後、さらに加熱して170~180℃でトルエンを留去した。さらに、170~180℃で10時間撹拌を継続した後、室温に戻した。
その後、反応生成物が入った反応器に、4-アミノフェノール 6.520g、無水炭酸カリウム 8.260g、N-メチルピロリドン 27.9g、及びトルエン 117.4gを添加し、再び窒素雰囲気下で撹拌しながら加熱し、130~140℃で3時間トルエンを還流させた。その後、加熱して170~180℃でトルエンを留去し、さらに前記温度を保持しつつ4時間撹拌を継続した。その後、室温まで冷却し、反応液を3000mLのメタノールに添加、ろ過することで粉末状固体を得た。この粉末状固体をメタノールおよび水で繰返し洗浄した後、80℃で一晩減圧乾燥して、粉末状固体のジアミン-1(Diamine-1、下記式で表される化合物)を得た。
撹拌装置、窒素導入管、およびディーンスターク装置を備えた反応器に、工程1で得られたジアミン-1を49.70g、無水マレイン酸 6.03g、N-メチルピロリドン 316.0g、およびトルエン 178.3gを入れ、窒素雰囲気下、室温で5時間撹拌した。その後、触媒としてp-トルエンスルホン酸 1.086gを添加し、140℃に昇温した後、8時間撹拌を継続し、トルエンを還流させて水分を除去した。反応液を室温に戻した後、反応液を3000mLのメタノールに添加することで粉末状固体を得た。この粉末状固体をメタノールおよび水で繰返し洗浄した後、80℃で一晩減圧乾燥して、化合物(1-1)(下記式(1-1)で表される化合物)48.8gを得た。
化合物(1-1)と下記表に示す溶剤を、化合物(1-1)濃度が20重量%となる比率で混合し、60℃で1.5時間撹拌して、化合物(1-1)の溶剤溶解性を評価した。
その結果、化合物(1-1)はいずれの溶剤にも完全に溶解した。また、溶解後、30日間保管中に沈殿物の発生はなかった。すなわち、化合物(1-1)は溶剤溶解性が良好(○)であることが確認された。
調製例1で得られた化合物(1-1)とシクロヘキサノンを、化合物(1-1)濃度が20重量%となる比率で混合し、60℃、400rpmで1.5~2時間撹拌して、化合物(1-1)を溶解させた。次いで、化合物(1-1)使用量の1重量%のラジカル重合開始剤(商品名「パークミルD」、日本油脂(株)製)を添加し、室温で3分間撹拌して、絶縁塗料1を得た。
シクロヘキサノンに代えてシクロペンタノンを使用した以外は調製例2と同様にして、絶縁塗料2を得た。
<前処理>
銅線に付着している塵埃、油分などの汚れをアルカリ性水溶液で取り除き、水洗後、酸性水溶液で化学研磨を実施し、さらに水洗後、アルコールで銅表面の水分や湿気を除去した。
調製例2で得られた絶縁塗料1中に、前処理を施した銅線を、垂直方向に、表面に泡立ちが生じないよう静かに浸漬し6~8秒間保持した。
絶縁塗料から銅線を引き上げ、常圧下、150℃で5分間乾燥を行った。
一次乾燥後の銅線を、室温まで冷却し、その後、再び、絶縁塗料1中に6~8秒間浸漬した。これにより、銅線の表面に膜厚30μmの塗膜を形成した。
絶縁塗料から塗膜付き銅線を引き上げ、常圧下、150℃で5分間乾燥を行った。
塗膜付き銅線を、減圧下、230℃で2時間加熱して、塗膜を焼成した。これにより、銅線の表面が、化合物(1-1)の硬化物からなる絶縁膜で被覆された絶縁電線1を得た。
絶縁塗料1に代えて絶縁塗料2を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、絶縁電線2を得た。
実施例で得られた絶縁電線1,2について、外観観察、密着性評価、及び絶縁性能評価を行った。
<外観観察>
CCDカメラで、絶縁膜の表面を観察して、何れも、ボイドや濃度ムラが無いことを確認した。
<密着性評価>
マンドレル試験をおこなった。何れも、屈曲部にクラックが発生せず、密着性に優れていることが確認できた。
<絶縁性能評価>
絶縁膜の比誘電率を測定して、絶縁性能を評価した。絶縁膜の比誘電率の測定は、成形体を切削して幅1.5mmの試験片を作成し、空洞共振器摂動法(ASTM D2520に準拠)で比誘電率を測定した。周波数は10GHzで測定した。
その結果、比誘電率は2.60であり、ポリイミドやポリアミドイミドより絶縁性能に優れることが確認できた。尚、ポリイミドの比誘電率は3.34、ポリアミドイミドの比誘電率は2.7超である。
[1] 導体線と、前記導体線を被覆する絶縁膜とを備える絶縁電線であって、前記絶縁膜が、式(1)で表される化合物の硬化物を含む、絶縁電線。
[2] 前記絶縁膜全量における式(1)で表される化合物の硬化物の占める割合が50重量%以上である、[1]に記載の絶縁電線。
[3] 前記式(1)で表される化合物の、窒素雰囲気下、昇温温度20℃/分の条件でDSC測定して求められる発熱開始温度が220℃以上である、[1]又は[2]に記載の絶縁電線。
[4] 前記絶縁膜の厚みが10~30μmである、[1]~[3]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[5] 前記式(1)で表される化合物の硬化物の、窒素雰囲気下、昇温速度20℃/分で測定される5%重量減少温度が300℃以上である、[1]~[4]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[6] 式(1)中のD1、D2が、2価の芳香族炭化水素基を含む基である、[1]~[5]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[7] 式(1)中のD1、D2が、炭素数6~14のアリーレン基を含む基である、[1]~[5]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[8] 式(1)中のD1、D2が、同一又は異なって式(d-1)~(d-4)で表される構造を含む基から選択される基である、[1]~[5]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[9] 式(1)中のD1、D2が式(d-1)で表される構造を含む基である、[1]~[5]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[10] 式(1)中のD1、D2が、炭素数6~14のアリーレン基に、カルボニル基、エーテル結合、エステル結合、カーボネート結合、アミド結合、及びイミド結合からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの基が連結した基である、[1]~[5]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[11] 式(1)中のD1、D2が、2価の芳香族炭化水素基にエーテル結合が連結した基である、[1]~[5]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[12] 式(1)中のD1、D2が、炭素数6~14のアリーレン基にエーテル結合が連結した基である、[1]~[5]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[13] 式(1)中のR1-D1-基、及びR2-D2-基が、式(rd-1’-1)又は(rd-1’-2)で表される基である、[1]~[5]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[14] 式(1)中のR1、R2が、式(r-1-1)~(r-1-6)で表される基から選択される基である、[1]~[13]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[15] 式(1)中のR1、R2が、式(r-1’)で表される基である、[1]~[13]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[16] 式(1)中のR1、R2が、式(r-1-1)~(r-1-5)で表される基から選択される基である、[1]~[13]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[17] 式(1)中のR1、R2が、式(r-1-1)又は(r-1-5)で表される基から選択される基である、[1]~[13]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[18] 式(1)中のLが、式(L-1-1)又は(L-1-2)で表される2価の基である、[1]~[17]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[19] 前記式(1)で表される化合物の硬化物の10GHzでの比誘電率が2.7以下である、[1]~[18]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[20] 前記絶縁膜の、10GHzでの比誘電率が2.70以下である、[1]~[19]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[21] 前記式(1)で表される化合物の数平均分子量が1000~15000である、[1]~[20]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[22] 前記式(1)で表される化合物の重量平均分子量が1000~45000である、[1]~[21]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[23] 前記式(1)で表される化合物の、23℃における、シクロヘキサノン100gに対する溶解度が1g以上である、[1]~[22]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[24] 前記式(1)で表される化合物の、23℃における、シクロペンタノン100gに対する溶解度が1g以上である、[1]~[23]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線。
[25] 式(1)で表される化合物と溶剤を含む絶縁塗料を導体線に塗布し、加熱して、[1]~[24]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線を製造する、絶縁電線の製造方法。
[26] [1]~[24]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線を含むコイル。
[27] [26]に記載のコイルを備えるモーター。
[28] [26]に記載のコイルを備える発電機。
[29] [26]に記載のコイルを備える電子・電気機器。
[30] [1]~[24]の何れか1つに記載の絶縁電線を含むケーブル。
[31] [30]に記載のケーブルを備える電子・電気装置。
Claims (12)
- 導体線と、前記導体線を被覆する絶縁膜とを備える絶縁電線であって、前記絶縁膜が、下記式(1)で表される化合物の硬化物を含む、絶縁電線。
で表される基を示す。D1、D2は、同一又は異なって、単結合又は連結基を示す。Lは、下記式(I)で表される構造と下記式(II)
で表される構造を含む繰り返し単位を有する2価の基を示す] - 前記式(1)で表される化合物の硬化物の10GHzでの比誘電率が2.7以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の絶縁電線。
- 下記式(1)で表される化合物と溶剤を含む絶縁塗料を導体線に塗布し、加熱して、請求項1又は2に記載の絶縁電線を製造する、絶縁電線の製造方法。
で表される基を示す。D1、D2は、同一又は異なって、単結合又は連結基を示す。Lは、下記式(I)で表される構造と下記式(II)
で表される構造を含む繰り返し単位を有する2価の基を示す] - 請求項1又は2に記載の絶縁電線を含むコイル。
- 請求項7に記載のコイルを備えるモーター。
- 請求項7に記載のコイルを備える発電機。
- 請求項7に記載のコイルを備える電子・電気機器。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の絶縁電線を含むケーブル。
- 請求項11に記載のケーブルを備える電子・電気装置。
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JP2018147582A (ja) | 2017-03-01 | 2018-09-20 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 絶縁電線及びその製造方法並びにコイル |
WO2021124681A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | 株式会社ダイセル | 硬化性組成物 |
JP2021107987A (ja) | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-29 | 株式会社Nttドコモ | 情報処理装置 |
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JP2018147582A (ja) | 2017-03-01 | 2018-09-20 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 絶縁電線及びその製造方法並びにコイル |
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