WO2023276771A1 - 電波伝搬シミュレーションシステム及び電波伝搬モデルの作成方法 - Google Patents
電波伝搬シミュレーションシステム及び電波伝搬モデルの作成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
- H04B17/3912—Simulation models, e.g. distribution of spectral power density or received signal strength indicator [RSSI] for a given geographic region
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/354—Adjacent channel leakage power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/18—Network planning tools
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- the present invention relates to a radio wave propagation simulation system.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-72654 discloses a radio wave propagation simulation apparatus that performs radio wave propagation simulation using a three-dimensional model created using a moving object, and obtains using a moving object. Multiple polygons are created by creating connection data for each point in the 3D point cloud data representing each target object with multiple points based on the moving direction of the moving object, and a 3D model is created from the multiple polygons created.
- Radio wave propagation that calculates the electric field intensity by geometrically calculating the propagation path of the radio wave reaching the receiving point based on the three-dimensional model created by the three-dimensional model creating unit and the three-dimensional model creating unit 20
- a radio wave propagation simulation device characterized by comprising a simulation unit is described.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-80061
- a design device comprising: an image processing device for extracting features of a structure in the target area from image data obtained by shooting the target area from a plurality of directions and shooting conditions of the image data; and a feature of the structure.
- the analytical numerical model creation device for creating the data of the analytical numerical model, the data of the analytical numerical model, and the radio wave radiation condition and installation condition of the wireless device installed in the target area.
- a wireless network station position design device is described which includes a received power analysis device that performs electromagnetic field analysis from radio conditions and calculates received power of the radio that indicates the radio wave propagation characteristics of the target area.
- the conventional three-dimensional model for ray tracing had no degree of freedom in the mesh parameters that make up the surface, and the reproducibility of the measured values was low.
- the purpose of the present invention is to simulate the wireless environment with high accuracy using a radio wave propagation model in cyberspace.
- the radio wave propagation simulation system is composed of a computer having an arithmetic unit that executes predetermined arithmetic processing and a storage device connected to the arithmetic unit, and a radio wave propagation model is created by the arithmetic processing of the arithmetic unit.
- the model creation unit creates a plurality of surfaces simulating one surface of the structure, and sets a unit normal vector representing the direction of the surface as an attribute of each surface to be created. and creating a radio wave propagation model configured by the created surface.
- radio wave propagation simulation accuracy can be improved. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a physical configuration of a radio wave propagation simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the logical structure of the radio wave propagation simulation system of a present Example. It is a figure which shows the whole process by the radio wave propagation simulation system of a present Example.
- 4 is a flow chart of processing by the radio wave propagation simulation system of the embodiment; It is a figure which shows the radio wave propagation model of a present Example. It is a figure which shows the radio wave propagation model of a present Example.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a radio wave propagation simulation using a conventional radio wave propagation model; It is a figure which shows the radio wave propagation simulation by the radio wave propagation model of a present Example.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the physical configuration of a radio wave propagation simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the radio wave propagation simulation system of this embodiment includes a processor (CPU) 1, a memory 2, a chipset 3, a graphics GPU 4, a calculation GPU 5, an optical disk drive (OPT Drive) 6, an auxiliary storage device (HDD, SSD) 7, an input It is composed of a computer having an output interface (USB) 8 and a communication interface (LAN) 9 .
- the processor 1 is an arithmetic device that executes programs stored in the memory 2 .
- the processor 1 executes various programs to realize each functional unit (for example, the model creation unit 11, the model optimization unit 12, the simulation unit 13, etc.) of the radio wave propagation simulation system. Note that part of the processing performed by the processor 1 by executing the program may be performed by another arithmetic device (for example, hardware such as ASIC and FPGA).
- the memory 2 includes ROM, which is a non-volatile storage element, and RAM, which is a volatile storage element.
- ROM stores immutable programs (eg, BIOS) and the like.
- RAM is a high-speed and volatile storage device such as DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), and temporarily stores programs executed by processor 1 and data used during program execution.
- the chipset 3 is a circuit that constitutes a bus that connects the computer components such as the processor 1 and the memory 2 .
- the graphics GPU 4 and calculation GPU 5 are processors suitable for image rendering such as three-dimensional graphics and specific calculation processing.
- the optical disk drive 6 is a device for inputting/outputting data of optical disks such as CD (Compact Disc), DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), BD (Blu-ray Disc) and the like.
- the auxiliary storage device 7 is, for example, a large-capacity, non-volatile storage device such as a magnetic storage device (HDD) or flash memory (SSD).
- the auxiliary storage device 7 also stores data used by the processor 1 when executing programs (for example, external information 21, measurement information 22, model information 23, etc.) and programs executed by the processor 1.
- programs for example, external information 21, measurement information 22, model information 23, etc.
- the input/output interface 8 is an interface to which an input device such as a keyboard and a mouse and an output device such as a display device and a printer are connected, receives input from the operator, and outputs the execution result of the program in a format that the operator can see. .
- a user terminal connected to the radio wave propagation simulation system via a network may provide the input device and the output device.
- the radio wave propagation simulation system may have a web server function, and the user terminal may access the radio wave propagation simulation system using a predetermined protocol (for example, http).
- the communication interface 9 is a network interface device that controls communication with other devices according to a predetermined protocol.
- Radio wave propagation simulation system Programs executed by the processor 1 and various GPUs 4 and 5 are provided to the radio wave propagation simulation system via removable media (CD-ROM, flash memory, etc.) or a network, and are non-volatile auxiliary storage devices that are non-temporary storage media. 7. Therefore, the radio wave propagation simulation system preferably has an interface (for example, optical disc drive 6) for reading data from removable media.
- removable media CD-ROM, flash memory, etc.
- auxiliary storage devices that are non-temporary storage media. 7. Therefore, the radio wave propagation simulation system preferably has an interface (for example, optical disc drive 6) for reading data from removable media.
- a radio wave propagation simulation system is a computer system configured on one physical computer or on a plurality of logically or physically configured computers, and is constructed on a plurality of physical computer resources. It may operate on a virtual machine.
- the model creation unit 11, the model optimization unit 12, and the simulation unit 13 may operate on separate physical or logical computers, or may be combined to operate on a single physical or logical computer. It may be something to do.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the logical configuration of the radio wave propagation simulation system of this embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the overall processing by the radio wave propagation simulation system of this embodiment.
- the radio wave propagation simulation system of this embodiment has a model creation unit 11, a model optimization unit 12, and a simulation unit 13.
- the radio wave propagation simulation system also stores external information 21 , measurement information 22 and model information 23 in the auxiliary storage device 7 .
- the model creation unit 11 creates a radio wave propagation model represented by a mesh from the three-dimensional data that constitutes the external information 21 and stores it as model information 23 (100).
- the radio wave propagation model is a three-dimensional model, and the surface of the structure is composed of meshes, which are surfaces divided into predetermined sizes. The shape of the mesh may be the square shown in FIG. 5 or the triangle shown in FIG.
- the model optimization unit 12 updates the radio wave propagation model created by the model creation unit 11 using the measurement information 22, which is the actual electromagnetic field measurement result (200).
- the simulation unit 13 is a simulator for analyzing radio wave propagation in space using the updated radio wave propagation model (300).
- the external information 21 includes three-dimensional data representing the shape of the space in which radio propagation simulation is performed, and frequency (wavelength) data in which simulation and electromagnetic field measurement are performed.
- 3D data is point cloud data obtained by 3D scanning with a laser sensor such as LiDAR, distance images containing distance information taken by a stereo camera, and 3D model data created from CAD data. .
- the surface data may be three-dimensional model data created from point cloud data.
- the measurement information 22 is the result of actual electromagnetic field measurement in the space where the radio wave propagation simulation is performed.
- the model information 23 is a radio wave propagation model created by the model creation unit 11 and updated by the model optimization unit 12 .
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of processing by the radio wave propagation simulation system of this embodiment.
- the model creation unit 11 acquires point cloud data from the external information 21 (101). Then, the model creation unit 11 removes unnecessary point groups (for example, noise whose position is greatly shifted) from the acquired point group data (102), and reduces the density from the acquired point group data (103). Since the point cloud data acquired by laser sensors such as LiDAR is generally high-density, the point cloud data is reduced to a necessary and sufficient number for radio wave propagation simulation from the viewpoint of effective use of computer resources.
- the size of the mesh is preferably about 1/4 wavelength of the radio wave for radio wave propagation simulation.
- the area of one mesh is the area of a square with one side of a quarter wavelength, and the area of the mesh is within a predetermined range (for example, ⁇ 10%) that is about the same as the area of the square of one quarter wavelength.
- the model creation unit 11 creates a mesh using the point cloud data whose density has been reduced (104).
- meshes may be created by dividing the surface of the three-dimensional model using existing three-dimensional model data.
- the model creation unit 11 determines whether the number of created meshes is equal to or greater than a predetermined number X (105). As a result, if the number of created meshes is equal to or greater than the predetermined number X, the model creation unit 11 organizes the meshes so that the number of meshes is equal to or smaller than X (106). For example, the number of meshes that can be processed in one simulation is limited due to the calculation end time. Therefore, a new mesh is created by combining a plurality of meshes.
- the model creation unit 11 assigns attributes to the created mesh (108).
- the attributes of a mesh include the direction of the face defined by the normal (unit vector indicating the normal direction), the area of the mesh, and the position of the mesh.
- the positions of the meshes are determined in three orthogonal XYZ directions (back and forth, left and right, and up and down).
- a maximum gap may be defined to limit the change in position of the mesh.
- the attributes of the mesh may include the material of the mesh. Determining the material of the mesh determines the radio wave reflectance of the mesh. Depending on the material, the radio wave reflectance differs, and the result of the radio wave propagation simulation changes.
- An initial value may be set for the material of the mesh, and the initial value may be updated with data specified by the user or obtained from CAD data.
- the model optimization unit 12 receives the input of the position of the measurement point where the electromagnetic field is to be measured, and determines the judgment point for comparing the measured data and the mesh (201). After that, the model optimization unit 12 receives input of measured values of electromagnetic field characteristics (202), and calculates electromagnetic field characteristics using the created radio wave propagation model (203). For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the electric field intensity at one or more receiving points is calculated when radio waves are emitted from one or more predetermined transmitting points. Then, the model optimization unit 12 determines whether the difference between the input measured value and calculated value is greater than a predetermined error (204).
- the attributes (direction, area, position, material) of each mesh are changed (205), the process returns to step 203, and the electromagnetic field characteristics are calculated again. For example, changing the direction, area, and position of each mesh changes the traveling direction of the reflected wave, and changing the material changes the intensity of the reflected wave.
- the radio wave propagation model is completed.
- the optimization process of steps 203 to 205 may calculate the attribute of each mesh that minimizes the error by multivariate analysis such as multiple regression analysis.
- a radio wave propagation simulation is performed using the completed radio wave propagation model.
- the radio wave propagation simulation using the radio wave propagation model of this embodiment is performed without considering reflection and diffraction due to gaps between meshes.
- FIG. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing a radio wave propagation model created by the radio wave propagation simulation system of the present embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing radio wave propagation simulation by a conventional radio wave propagation model
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the radio wave propagation simulation by the radio wave propagation model of a present Example.
- the mesh that forms the radio wave propagation model may be the square shown in FIG. 5 or the triangle shown in FIG. Each mesh is defined by a position, face orientation (normal direction), and area. A material (ie reflectance) may be defined for each mesh.
- adjacent meshes may not share sides, that is, there may be gaps between adjacent meshes.
- a conventional radio wave propagation model is formed by continuous surfaces that are not divided into meshes or have no gaps between adjacent meshes, as shown in FIG.
- the radio wave propagation model of this embodiment is formed by discontinuous surfaces divided into meshes, as shown in FIG.
- the initial model may be of low accuracy, and it is not necessary to create a highly accurate model manually.
- the radio wave propagation model is created using the point cloud data measured by the laser sensor, the radio wave propagation model can be created in a short time. can perform appropriate radio wave propagation simulations.
- the embodiment of the present invention has been described by exemplifying radio wave propagation simulation outdoors, but it can be applied to various places such as outdoors and tunnels.
- radio wave propagation simulation as an example, it can also be applied to sound and light propagation simulation.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications and equivalent configurations within the scope of the attached claims.
- the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to those having all the described configurations.
- part of the configuration of one embodiment may be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment.
- the configuration of another embodiment may be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
- additions, deletions, and replacements of other configurations may be made for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.
- each configuration, function, processing unit, processing means, etc. described above may be realized by hardware, for example, by designing a part or all of them with an integrated circuit, and the processor realizes each function. It may be realized by software by interpreting and executing a program to execute.
- Information such as programs, tables, and files that implement each function can be stored in storage devices such as memory, hard disks, SSDs (Solid State Drives), or recording media such as IC cards, SD cards, and DVDs.
- storage devices such as memory, hard disks, SSDs (Solid State Drives), or recording media such as IC cards, SD cards, and DVDs.
- control lines and information lines indicate those that are considered necessary for explanation, and do not necessarily indicate all the control lines and information lines necessary for implementation. In practice, it can be considered that almost all configurations are interconnected.
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Description
Claims (10)
- 電波伝搬シミュレーションシステムであって、
所定の演算処理を実行する演算装置と、前記演算装置に接続された記憶デバイスとを有する計算機によって構成され、
前記演算装置の演算処理によって電波伝搬モデルを作成するモデル作成部を有し、
前記モデル作成部は、
構造物の一面を模擬する複数の面を作成し、
前記作成される面の各々の属性として、当該面の向きを表す単位法線ベクトルを定義し、
前記作成された面によって構成される電波伝搬モデルを作成することを特徴とする電波伝搬シミュレーションシステム。 - 請求項1に記載の電波伝搬シミュレーションシステムであって、
前記モデル作成部は、前記電波伝搬モデルを構成する複数の面の属性として、各面の面積を、所定の面積より小さくなるように定めることを特徴とする電波伝搬シミュレーションシステム。 - 請求項2に記載の電波伝搬シミュレーションシステムであって、
前記モデル作成部は、シミュレーションで用いられる電波の波長をλとして、前記電波伝搬モデルを構成する複数の面の属性として、各面の面積を、一辺がλ/4の正方形の面積より小さくなるように定めることを特徴とする電波伝搬シミュレーションシステム。 - 請求項2又は3に記載の電波伝搬シミュレーションシステムであって、
前記モデル作成部は、前記電波伝搬モデルを構成する複数の面の属性として、各面の位置を定めることを特徴とする電波伝搬シミュレーションシステム。 - 請求項4に記載の電波伝搬シミュレーションシステムであって、
前記モデル作成部は、前記電波伝搬モデルを構成する複数の面の属性として、各面の反射率を定めることを特徴とする電波伝搬シミュレーションシステム。 - 請求項1に記載の電波伝搬シミュレーションシステムであって、
前記モデル作成部は、シミュレーションを行う空間で測定された点群データから、前記電波伝搬モデルを構成する複数の面を作成することを特徴とする電波伝搬シミュレーションシステム。 - 請求項1に記載の電波伝搬シミュレーションシステムであって、
前記モデル作成部は、シミュレーションを行う空間の形状データから、前記電波伝搬モデルを構成する複数の面を作成することを特徴とする電波伝搬シミュレーションシステム。 - 請求項1から7のいずれか一つに記載の電波伝搬シミュレーションシステムであって、
実際の電磁界測定結果を用いて、前記作成された電波伝搬モデルを更新するモデル適正化部を有し、
前記モデル適正化部は、
前記作成された電波伝搬モデルを用いて電磁界特性を計算し、
実際の電磁界測定結果と前記電磁界特性の計算結果の差が小さくなるように、前記電波伝搬モデルを構成する複数の面の各々の属性を変更して、前記電波伝搬モデルを更新することを特徴とする電波伝搬シミュレーションシステム。 - 電波伝搬シミュレーションシステムが実行する電波伝搬モデルの作成方法であって、
電波伝搬シミュレーションシステムは、所定の演算処理を実行する演算装置と、前記演算装置に接続された記憶デバイスとを有する計算機によって構成され、
前記電波伝搬モデルの作成方法は、
前記演算装置が、構造物の一面を分割した複数の面を作成し、
前記演算装置が、前記作成される面の各々の属性として、当該面の向きを表す単位法線ベクトルを定義し、
前記演算装置が、前記作成された面によって構成される電波伝搬モデルを作成することを特徴とする電波伝搬モデルの作成方法。 - 請求項9に記載の電波伝搬モデルの作成方法であって、
前記演算装置が、前記作成された電波伝搬モデルを用いて電磁界特性を計算し、
前記演算装置が、実際の電磁界測定結果と前記電磁界特性の計算結果の差が小さくなるように、前記電波伝搬モデルを構成する複数の面の各々の属性を変更して、前記電波伝搬モデルを更新することを特徴とする電波伝搬モデルの作成方法。
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