WO2023236822A1 - Développement et utilisation d'un vaccin à large spectre contre la grippe aviaire de type h5n6 - Google Patents

Développement et utilisation d'un vaccin à large spectre contre la grippe aviaire de type h5n6 Download PDF

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WO2023236822A1
WO2023236822A1 PCT/CN2023/097257 CN2023097257W WO2023236822A1 WO 2023236822 A1 WO2023236822 A1 WO 2023236822A1 CN 2023097257 W CN2023097257 W CN 2023097257W WO 2023236822 A1 WO2023236822 A1 WO 2023236822A1
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recombinant protein
vaccine
amino acid
sequence
present
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PCT/CN2023/097257
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Chinese (zh)
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王桂芹
王海坤
常小艳
周保罗
刘冬平
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中科南京生命健康高等研究院
中国科学院上海巴斯德研究所
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Publication of WO2023236822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023236822A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/12—Viral antigens
    • A61K39/145—Orthomyxoviridae, e.g. influenza virus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A61P31/16—Antivirals for RNA viruses for influenza or rhinoviruses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/005—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from viruses
    • C07K14/08—RNA viruses
    • C07K14/11—Orthomyxoviridae, e.g. influenza virus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N7/00—Viruses; Bacteriophages; Compositions thereof; Preparation or purification thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
    • C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
    • C12N9/24—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/91—Cell lines ; Processes using cell lines

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of biomedicine and relates to the development and application of a broad-spectrum H5N6 avian influenza vaccine.
  • the invention is an H5N6 avian influenza based on the hemagglutinin of an H5 subtype influenza virus strain as a skeleton protein. Development and application of broad-spectrum vaccines.
  • H5N1, H5N6 and H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza have infected nearly a thousand people and killed more than half of them.
  • a recombinant influenza virus formed from the HA of the H5N1 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza A/goose/Guangdong/1/96 (GS/GD/1/96) strain and other genes of the H6N1 or H9N2 virus was discovered in Hong Kong. causes multiple infections.
  • GS/GD/1/96 highly pathogenic avian influenza A/goose/Guangdong/1/96
  • the infected cases were distributed in 17 countries. These cases were mainly distributed in Asia, followed by Africa.
  • H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza has infected 30 people in China, resulting in 6 deaths, with a mortality rate of 20%. Since the first case of human infection with H5N6 avian influenza in my country was reported in May 2014, H5N6 has always existed in poultry in my country and its spread has been expanding, with the risk of infecting humans. Although human-to-human transmission has not yet been found phenomenon, but we cannot rule out the possibility that the virus will mutate and lead to human-to-human transmission in the future. The current sporadic cases of human infection with H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza infection have a fatality rate of more than 50%. If the virus continues to evolve and has the ability to sustain and stabilize human-to-human transmission, it will cause a global pandemic and bring serious consequences to the population. pose a serious threat to human health.
  • Vaccine is the most effective means of preventing and controlling H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza epidemics. Since the large-scale epidemic of H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza, a variety of H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccines have been developed for poultry, including inactivated vaccines, vector vaccines and DNA vaccines. Many countries around the world, including my country, have also developed reserve vaccines for human H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza, including inactivated vaccines and vector vaccines. However, the H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza virus has evolved into ten subcategories, among which subcategories 1, 2 and 7 have further differentiated into secondary subcategories, tertiary subcategories, etc.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a broad-spectrum vaccine for H5 subtype avian influenza.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a hemagglutinin recombinant protein, which contains the hemagglutinin skeleton from the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain, and the AS1 from the second H5 subtype influenza virus strain.
  • epitope the AS1 epitope is an AS1 epitope mutant type, and the AS1 epitope mutant type corresponds to the hemagglutinin sequence (amino acid sequence) from the second H5 subtype influenza virus strain in the wild-type AS1 epitope.
  • GISAID accession number: EPI533583) amino acids at positions 98, 129-138, 153-161, 183, 186-194 and 221-228 amino acids (H3 numbering) selected from the following group of amino acids are mutated:
  • Aspartic acid (Asp, D) at position 159 Aspartic acid (Asp, D) at position 159; and/or
  • the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain includes A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007(H5N1);
  • the second H5 subtype influenza virus strain includes A/Sichuan/26221/2014 (H5N6).
  • sequence number of the hemagglutinin skeleton amino acid sequence from the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain is ACJ26242 (NCBI accession number).
  • an N-linked glycoprotein glycosylation site "Asn-Ser-Thr” is formed at amino acid positions 158, 159 and 160 of the recombinant protein through mutation of amino acids 159 and 160.
  • (N-S-T)" sequence and an N-sugar chain is formed at the 158th asparagine (Asn, N) site of the recombinant protein, and the N-sugar chain is located at the outer edge of the receptor binding site high variability zone.
  • alanine at position 160 is mutated into threonine (Threonine, Thr, T)
  • aspartic acid at position 159 Aspartic acid
  • Asp, D are mutated to amino acids other than serine and proline (excluding aspartic acid), forming N-linked glycoprotein sugars at amino acid positions 158, 159 and 160 of the recombinant protein.
  • the sylation site "Asn-X-Thr (N-X-T)" sequence (the X amino acid is selected from the following group: glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, chrom amino acid, threonine, cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine, histidine, or a combination thereof), and in the recombinant protein
  • the asparagine (Asn, N) site at position 158 forms an N-sugar chain, and the N-sugar chain is located in the hypervariable region at the outer edge of the receptor binding site.
  • alanine at position 160 is mutated into serine (Serine, Ser, S), and aspartic acid at position 159 (Aspartic acid, Asp, D) is mutated to amino acids other than serine and proline (excluding aspartic acid), forming N-linked glycoprotein glycosylation at amino acid positions 158, 159 and 160 of the recombinant protein.
  • N-X-Ser (N-X-S) sequence
  • X amino acid is selected from the following group: glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan , serine, threonine, cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine, histidine, or a combination thereof), and in the recombinant protein
  • the asparagine (Asn, N) site at position 158 forms an N-sugar chain, and the N-sugar chain is located in the hypervariable region at the outer edge of the receptor binding site.
  • alanine at position 160 (Alanine, Ala, A) is mutated into serine (Serine, Ser, S) or mutated into threonine (Threonine, Thr, T ), forming an N-linked glycoprotein glycosylation site "Asn-Asp-Ser/Thr (N-D-S/T)" sequence at amino acid positions 158, 159 and 160 of the recombinant protein, and in the The asparagine (Asn, N) site at position 158 of the recombinant protein forms an N-sugar chain, and the N-sugar chain is located in the hypervariable region at the outer edge of the receptor binding site.
  • the mutated amino acids form N-linked glycoprotein glycosylation sites at positions 158, 159, and 160: Asn-X-Ser/Thr (N-X-S/T, where X is proline Any amino acid other than glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, serine, threonine, cysteine, methionine, methionine, Paragine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine and histidine).
  • the mutation includes insertion, deletion or substitution of amino acids.
  • the other amino acid sequences of the AS1 epitope mutant type correspond to those of the wild-type AS1 epitope from the second H5 subtype.
  • Positions 98 and 129-138 in the hemagglutinin sequence of influenza virus strains (amino acid sequence GISAID accession number: EPI533583), The sequences shown in amino acids 153-161, 183, 186-194 and 221-228 amino acids (H3 numbering) are the same or basically the same.
  • the homology between the hemagglutinin skeleton from the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain and the sequence shown in ACJ26242 is at least 80%, preferably at least 85% or 90%, and more Optimally it is at least 95%, optimally at least 98% or 99%.
  • the substantially identical means that at most 8 (preferably 1-5, more preferably 1-3) amino acids are different, wherein the differences include amino acids Substitution, deletion or addition, and N-glycans are introduced at the 158 amino acid position in the AS1 epitope mutant.
  • the recombinant protein has a structure of formula I: Z1-Z2(I)
  • Z1 is the hemagglutinin skeleton from the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007;
  • Z2 is the hemagglutinin skeleton from the second H5 subtype influenza virus strain A/Sichuan/26221/ The AS1 epitope of 2014;
  • the AS1 epitope is an AS1 epitope mutant, and the AS1 epitope mutant corresponds to the hemagglutinin sequence from the second H5 subtype influenza virus strain in the wild-type AS1 epitope.
  • amino acids at positions 98, 129-138, 153-161, 183, 186-194 and 221-228 amino acids (H3 numbering) selected from the following group of amino acids are mutated :
  • Aspartic acid (Asp, D) at position 159 Aspartic acid (Asp, D) at position 159; and/or
  • each "-" is independently a connecting peptide or peptide bond.
  • the recombinant protein is selected from the following group:
  • the "substantially the same function" means that the derived polypeptide has the introduction of N-sugar chains and can be immunized to produce neutralizing antibodies with broad spectrum.
  • amino acid sequence of the recombinant protein is shown in SEQ ID NO. 1 or 4.
  • the recombinant protein is a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4, its active fragment, or its conservative variant polypeptide.
  • the homology between the recombinant protein and the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4 is at least 80%, preferably at least 85% or 90%, and more preferably at least 95% , optimally at least 98% or 99%.
  • the recombinant protein is a synthetic or recombinant recombinant protein.
  • the recombinant protein is a recombinant protein expressed by a eukaryotic expression system.
  • the recombinant protein is a recombinant protein expressed in yeast cells.
  • the recombinant protein is a recombinant protein expressed by insect cells.
  • the recombinant protein is a chimeric protein.
  • insect cells are selected from the following group: Sf9, Sf21, Tni, Hi5-Sf cells, or combination thereof.
  • the yeast includes Pichia pastoris.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a vaccine polypeptide, which includes the recombinant protein described in the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the vaccine polypeptide can stimulate primates, rodents and poultry to produce neutralizing antibodies that can neutralize most of the representative strains of the 10 H5 subtypes.
  • the neutralizing antibodies stimulated by the vaccine polypeptide can prevent infection, prevent virus invasion and clear influenza viruses in the body.
  • the vaccine polypeptide induces B cell immunity in primates, rodents and poultry.
  • the primates include humans and non-human primates.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a DNA or mRNA vaccine, which contains encoding mRNA for expressing the recombinant protein described in the first aspect of the present invention, and a DNA expression vector.
  • the packaging carrier of the mRNA vaccine is protamine, nanoparticle liposomes, or chemically synthesized polymers.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention provides an isolated polynucleotide encoding the recombinant protein described in the first aspect of the present invention or the vaccine polypeptide described in the second aspect of the present invention.
  • the fifth aspect of the present invention provides an expression vector, which contains the polynucleotide described in the fourth aspect of the present invention.
  • the sixth aspect of the present invention provides a host cell, the host cell contains the expression vector described in the fifth aspect of the present invention, or the polynucleotide described in the fourth aspect of the present invention is integrated into the genome.
  • the host cells include prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
  • the host cells include yeast, insect Hi5-Sf cells, Escherichia coli, monkey-derived Vero E6 cells, hamster CHO cells, and DC cells.
  • the seventh aspect of the present invention provides an H5 subtype influenza virus strain, the genome of the virus strain contains an exogenous recombinant protein gene sequence, wherein the recombinant protein gene sequence encodes the first aspect of the present invention. Recombinant protein.
  • influenza virus is H5N6 influenza virus.
  • the eighth aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition, which contains the recombinant protein of the first aspect of the present invention, the vaccine polypeptide of the second aspect of the present invention, or the mRNA of the third aspect of the present invention.
  • a DNA vaccine or the polynucleotide described in the fourth aspect of the present invention or the expression vector described in the fifth aspect of the present invention or the host cell described in the sixth aspect of the present invention or the virus strain described in the seventh aspect of the present invention and Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and/or excipients.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is a vaccine composition.
  • the vaccine composition is monovalent or multivalent.
  • the pharmaceutical composition also contains an adjuvant, preferably various aluminum adjuvants.
  • the molar number or weight ratio of the recombinant protein, immune polypeptide, mRNA or DNA vaccine or virus strain, and adjuvant (such as aluminum) in the pharmaceutical composition is between 1:100, preferably 1 :40 to 1:60.
  • the pharmaceutical composition includes single drugs, compound drugs, or synergistic drugs.
  • the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition is liquid, solid, or gel.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is administered by a method selected from the group consisting of: subcutaneous injection, intradermal injection, intramuscular injection, intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection, microneedle injection, oral administration, or oral and nasal spraying and aerosol inhalation.
  • a ninth aspect of the present invention provides a vaccine composition, said composition containing the recombinant protein of the first aspect of the present invention, the vaccine polypeptide of the second aspect of the present invention, or the mRNA of the third aspect of the present invention.
  • a DNA vaccine or the polynucleotide described in the fourth aspect of the present invention or the expression vector described in the fifth aspect of the present invention or the host cell described in the sixth aspect of the present invention or the virus strain described in the seventh aspect of the present invention and Immunologically acceptable carriers and/or excipients.
  • the vaccine composition further contains an adjuvant.
  • the adjuvant includes: granular and non-granular adjuvants.
  • the particulate adjuvant is selected from the group consisting of aluminum salts, water-in-oil emulsions, oil-in-water emulsions, nanoparticles, microparticles, liposomes, immunostimulatory complexes, or combinations thereof.
  • the non-granular adjuvant is selected from the following group: muramyl dipeptide and its derivatives, saponins, lipid A, cytokines, derived polysaccharides, bacterial toxins, microorganisms and their products such as branched bacilli (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin), Bacillus parvum, Bacillus pertussis, propolis, or combinations thereof.
  • the adjuvant includes aluminum oxide, saponin, Quil A, muramyl dipeptide, mineral oil or vegetable oil, vesicle-based adjuvant, non-ionic block copolymer or DEAE dextran , cytokines.
  • the vaccine composition includes an injection dosage form.
  • the tenth aspect of the present invention provides the recombinant protein as described in the first aspect of the present invention or the vaccine polypeptide as described in the second aspect of the present invention or the mRNA or DNA vaccine as described in the third aspect of the present invention or the seventh aspect of the present invention.
  • the use of the virus strain or the pharmaceutical composition according to the eighth aspect of the present invention or the vaccine composition according to the ninth aspect of the present invention (a) for preparing antibodies against avian influenza virus hemagglutinin; and/or ( b) For the preparation of drugs for the prevention and/or treatment of avian influenza virus infections or related diseases.
  • the avian influenza virus includes H5 subtype avian influenza virus.
  • the avian influenza virus includes H5N6 virus.
  • the antibody includes an antibody against hemagglutinin of H5 subtype avian influenza virus.
  • the antibody includes an antibody against H5 subtype avian influenza virus.
  • the eleventh aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the recombinant protein according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the steps:
  • step (i) of the method the transformed yeast colonies are inoculated into BMGY culture medium, and after culture, the supernatant is removed by centrifugation, and the cells are resuspended in BMMY culture medium at 28-30°C ( Preferably 29.5°C), induction culture for 36-48 hours (preferably 48 hours).
  • a twelfth aspect of the present invention provides a method for generating an immune response against avian influenza viruses, including the steps of administering the recombinant protein of the first aspect of the present invention and the vaccine polypeptide of the second aspect of the present invention to a subject in need , the mRNA or DNA vaccine according to the third aspect of the present invention or the virus strain according to the seventh aspect of the present invention or the pharmaceutical composition according to the eighth aspect of the present invention or the vaccine composition according to the ninth aspect of the present invention.
  • the subject includes humans or non-human mammals.
  • the non-human mammals include non-human primates (such as monkeys).
  • the method induces the production of neutralizing antibodies against H5 subtype avian influenza virus in the subject.
  • a thirteenth aspect of the present invention provides a treatment method, which involves administering to a subject in need the recombinant protein described in the first aspect of the present invention, the vaccine polypeptide described in the second aspect of the present invention, and the mRNA or DNA described in the third aspect of the present invention.
  • the treatment method includes a gene therapy method.
  • the treatment method includes transplantation of human DC cells transfected using electroporation technology in vitro and injection of lymphatic mRNA vaccine.
  • Figure 1 is the amino acid sequence of the hemagglutinin of the A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 virus strain of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the transfer vector, packaging vector and expression vector used in preparing influenza pseudovirus of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a DNA plasmid map for constructing and expressing hemagglutinin in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows the spatial conformation and epitope of the hemagglutinin protein of the present invention.
  • the hemagglutinin protein is divided into a head region and a stem region. There are 4 epitopes in the head region, namely AS1, AS2, AS3 and AS4.
  • Figure 5 shows the present invention constructing a recombinant pseudovirus in which the head and rod parts of the hemagglutinin of the A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 virus strain are exchanged and the hemagglutinin of the A/Thailand/(KAN-1)/2004 virus strain.
  • Figure 6 shows the present invention's construction of a recombinant pseudovirus with epitope exchange of the hemagglutinin head of the A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 virus strain and the hemagglutinin head of the A/Thailand/(KAN-1)/2004 virus strain.
  • Figure 7 is a comparison of the amino acids in different epitopes of the hemagglutinin head of the A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 virus strain and the A/Thailand/(KAN-1)/2004 virus strain according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a conservative analysis of amino acids in the head of influenza hemagglutinin of the present invention.
  • the inventor unexpectedly found that the hemagglutinin skeleton from the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain (such as A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007), from the second H5 subtype influenza virus strain, Recombinant proteins with AS1 epitope mutations (such as amino acid mutations at position 159 and/or 160) of influenza virus strains (such as A/Sichuan/26221/2014) can effectively induce broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies, thereby Effectively prevents infection by avian influenza viruses (especially the representative strains of most of the 10 subtypes of H5 subtype). On this basis, the inventor completed the present invention.
  • the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain such as A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007
  • Recombinant proteins with AS1 epitope mutations such as amino acid mutations at position 159 and/or 160
  • AS1 epitope mutations such as amino acid mutations at position 159 and/or 160
  • influenza virus strains such as A/Sichuan/
  • AxxB means that amino acid A at position xx is changed to amino acid B, for example, "D159S” means that amino acid D at position 159 is mutated to S, and so on.
  • H3 numbering means amino acid numbering using the H3 numbering method.
  • H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by influenza A virus of the genus Orthomyxoviridae.
  • Hemagglutinin (HA) can induce antibodies with neutralizing activity, and these antibodies can prevent viral infection, prevent viral invasion and clear influenza viruses in the body. It is the main target protein of type A influenza broad-spectrum vaccine.
  • the hemagglutinin HA of the H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus strain A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 is used as the backbone of the influenza vaccine (the HA sequence is shown in Figure 1, SEQ ID NO.: 2 (shown), the epitopes recognized by the neutralizing antibodies induced are concentrated, and the key amino acids in the epitopes are located at or near positions 158, 159 and 160 at the outer edge of the hemagglutinin receptor binding region (H3 numbering). Influenza virus hemagglutinin 158, 159 and 160 and their vicinity are located at the outer edge of the receptor binding site. The amino acids are poorly conserved and belong to the hypermutation region of hemagglutinin.
  • the hemagglutinin AS1 epitope of the A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 virus strain contains 39 amino acids, as shown in Table 1 (H3 numbering).
  • the hemagglutinin HA of A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 is used as the backbone protein, and its AS1 epitope is replaced with the AS1 epitope of the A/Sichuan/26221/2014 virus strain ( The amino acid sequence of the AS1 epitope is shown in Table 2), and the aspartic acid (Asp, D) at position 159 and the alanine (Alanine, Ala, A) at position 160 of the AS1 epitope were mutated to serine respectively.
  • SCAS1HK5052 threonine (Threonine, Thr, T) to construct a recombinant protein immunogen (named SCAS1HK5052, the amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.: 1).
  • SCAS1HK5052 introduces N-glycans into the asparagine, Asn, N at position 158 of the hypervariable region on the outer edge of the receptor binding site, which can induce broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies.
  • the glycosylation site of N-linked glycoprotein is a sequence consisting of 3 amino acids: Asn-X-Ser/Thr (NXS/T), where X is any amino acid except proline, including glycine, alanine Acid, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, serine, threonine, cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, asparagine Acid, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine and histidine.
  • N-glycans refer to glycans linked to the amide nitrogen of asparagine residues in protein molecules.
  • the H5N6 mutant vaccine strain prepared by the present invention can neutralize most of the representative strains of the 10 subtypes of H5 subtype (taking the viruses circulating from 1997 to 2014 as an example, as shown in Table 3).
  • the invention provides a hemagglutinin recombinant protein SCAS1HK5052, which contains the hemagglutinin skeleton from the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain and the AS1 epitope from the second H5 subtype influenza virus strain, so
  • the AS1 epitope is an AS1 epitope mutant type, and the AS1 epitope mutant type corresponds to the hemagglutinin sequence from the second H5 subtype influenza virus strain in the wild-type AS1 epitope (the amino acid sequence GISAID accession number is EPI533583, the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.: 3) at position 98, 129-138, 153-161, 183, 186-194 and 221-228 amino acids (H3 numbering) are selected from the following Groups of amino acids mutated:
  • Aspartic acid (Asp, D) at position 159 Aspartic acid (Asp, D) at position 159; and/or
  • the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain of the present invention includes A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 (H5N1), which is derived from the hemagglutinin backbone sequence of the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain.
  • the sequence number is ACJ26242 (the amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.:2);
  • the second H5 subtype influenza virus strain of the present invention includes A/Sichuan/26221/2014 (H5N6).
  • the amino acids at positions 158, 159 and 160 of the recombinant protein form an "Asn-Ser-Thr (N-S-T)" sequence, and at position 158 of the recombinant protein
  • the asparagine (Asn, N) site forms an N-sugar chain, and the N-sugar chain is located in the hypervariable region at the outer edge of the receptor binding site.
  • the N-linked glycoprotein glycosylation site Asn-X-Ser/Thr (NXS/T, where Any amino acid other than proline, including glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, serine, threonine, cysteine, Methionine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine and histidine) can all introduce N-glycans into asparagine at position 158 to form N- Linked glycoprotein, and the N-glycan is located in the receptor binding site The hypervariable zone at the outer edge of the point.
  • Any amino acid other than proline including glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, serine, threonine, cysteine, Methionine, asparag
  • amino acid numbering in the recombinant protein SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4) is based on the unified H3 numbering method, which facilitates the accurate identification of AS1 epitope amino acid sites and mutated amino acid sites, and can also avoid conventional sequences. Differences in sequence homology caused by amino acid numbering misalignment caused by comparison technology.
  • amino acid sequence of recombinant protein SCAS1HK5052 is shown in SEQ ID NO.1 or 4:
  • amino acid x can be G, A, V, L, I, F, Y, W, S, T, C, M, N, Q, D, E, K, R, H) (SEQ ID NO.: 1 )
  • amino acid x can be G, A, V, L, I, F, Y, W, S, T, C, M, N, Q, D, E, K, R, H) (SEQ ID NO.: 4 )
  • the recombinant protein SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4) of the present invention is a synthetic protein or a recombinant protein, that is, it can be a product of chemical synthesis, or it can be obtained from prokaryotic or eukaryotic hosts (for example, bacteria, yeast, plants) using recombinant technology produced in.
  • Recombinant proteins of the invention may or may not include an initial methionine residue.
  • the invention also includes fragments, derivatives and analogs of said recombinant proteins.
  • fragment refers to proteins that retain substantially the same biological function or activity of the recombinant protein.
  • the recombinant protein fragments, derivatives or analogs of the present invention can be any suitable recombinant protein fragments, derivatives or analogs of the present invention.
  • conservatively substituted amino acids preferably conservative amino acid residues
  • the active recombinant protein of the present invention has basically the same immunogenicity in stimulating immune responses, and the induced neutralizing antibodies have the activity of neutralizing most of the representative strains of the 10 subtypes of H5 subtype.
  • the recombinant protein is SCAS1HK5052, as shown in SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4.
  • the recombinant protein of the present invention has higher homology (identity) than the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4.
  • the recombinant protein has higher homology (identity) with SEQ ID NO.: 1
  • the homology of the indicated sequences is at least 80%, preferably at least 85%-90%, more preferably at least 95%, most preferably at least 98%, most preferably ⁇ 99%.
  • the recombinant protein of the present invention can also be modified.
  • Modified (usually without changing primary structure) forms include chemically derivatized forms of the recombinant protein in vivo or in vitro such as acetylation or carboxylation.
  • Modifications also include glycosylation, such as those resulting from glycosylation modifications during the synthesis and processing of the recombinant protein or during further processing steps. This modification can be accomplished by exposing the recombinant protein to enzymes that perform glycosylation, such as mammalian glycosylases or deglycosylases.
  • Modified forms also include sequences having phosphorylated amino acid residues (eg, phosphotyrosine, phosphoserine, phosphothreonine). Also included are recombinant proteins that have been modified to increase their resistance to proteolysis or to optimize solubility properties.
  • polynucleotide encoding a recombinant protein may include polynucleotides encoding the recombinant protein of the present invention, or may also include polynucleotides that additionally include coding and/or non-coding sequences; nucleotides include ribonucleic acid (RNA, Ribonucleic Acid), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA, Deoxyribonucleic Acid).
  • RNA Ribonucleic Acid
  • DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
  • the present invention also relates to variants of the above-mentioned polynucleotides, which encode fragments, analogs and derivatives of polypeptides or recombinant proteins having the same amino acid sequence as the present invention.
  • These nucleotide variants include substitution variants, deletion variants, and insertion variants.
  • an allelic variant is an alternative form of a polynucleotide, which may be the substitution, deletion or insertion of one or more nucleotides, but does not materially alter its coding function of the recombinant protein.
  • the invention also relates to polynucleotides that hybridize to the sequences described above and have at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80% identity between the two sequences.
  • the invention particularly relates to polynucleotides that hybridize under stringent conditions (or stringent conditions) to the polynucleotides of the invention.
  • stringent conditions refers to: (1) hybridization and elution at lower ionic strength and higher temperature, such as 0.2 ⁇ SSC, 0.1% SDS, 60°C; or (2) adding There are denaturants, such as 50% (v/v) formamide, 0.1% calf serum/0.1% Ficoll, 42°C, etc.; or (3) only the identity between the two sequences is at least 90%, more It is best when hybridization occurs only when the ratio is above 95%.
  • the recombinant proteins and polynucleotides of the invention are preferably provided in isolated form and, more preferably, are purified to homogeneity.
  • the full-length sequence of the polynucleotide of the present invention can usually be obtained through PCR amplification, recombination or artificial synthesis.
  • primers can be designed based on the relevant nucleotide sequences disclosed in the present invention, especially the open reading frame sequence, and commercially available cDNA libraries or cDNA prepared by conventional methods known to those skilled in the art can be used.
  • the library is used as a template to amplify the relevant sequence. When the sequence is long, it is often necessary to perform two or more PCR amplifications, and then splice the amplified fragments together in the correct order.
  • recombination can be used to obtain the relevant sequence in large quantities. This is usually done by cloning it into a vector, transforming it into cells, and then isolating the relevant sequence from the propagated host cells by conventional methods.
  • artificial synthesis methods can also be used to synthesize relevant sequences, especially when the fragment length is short. Often, fragments with long sequences are obtained by first synthesizing multiple small fragments and then ligating them.
  • the DNA sequence encoding the protein of the present invention (or its fragment, or its derivative) can be obtained entirely through chemical synthesis.
  • the DNA sequence can then be introduced into a variety of existing DNA molecules (or vectors) and cells known in the art.
  • mutations can also be introduced into the protein sequences of the invention by chemical synthesis.
  • the method of amplifying DNA/RNA using PCR technology is preferably used to obtain the polynucleotide of the present invention. Especially when it is difficult to obtain full-length cDNA from a library, the RACE method (RACE-rapid amplification of cDNA ends) can be preferably used.
  • the primers used for PCR can be appropriately selected based on the sequence information of the present invention disclosed herein. And can be synthesized by conventional methods.
  • the amplified DNA/RNA fragments can be separated and purified using conventional methods such as by gel electrophoresis.
  • epitopope peptide of the present invention in the present invention, "vaccine polypeptide of the present invention” and “polypeptide of the present invention” can be used interchangeably, and refer to the vaccine polypeptide in accordance with the second aspect of the present invention.
  • vaccine polypeptides also include other forms, such as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, conjugates, or fusion proteins.
  • the vaccine polypeptide includes one or more (such as 1-5, preferably 1-3) amino acid additions to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4, one or more (such as 1 -A derivative polypeptide formed by the substitution of 5, preferably 1-3) amino acids and/or the deletion of 1-3 amino acids, which has substantially the same function as the original polypeptide before derivatization.
  • the vaccine polypeptide includes the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4 through the addition of 1-3 amino acids (preferably added at the N-terminal or C-terminal), and/or the substitution of 1-2 amino acids (preferably conservative amino acid substitution) and still have essentially the same function as the original polypeptide before derivatization.
  • conservative amino acid substitutions are based on amino acid substitutions in Table 5.
  • isolated means that a substance has been separated from its original environment (in the case of a natural substance, the original environment is the natural environment).
  • polypeptides in their natural state within living cells are not isolated and purified, but the same polypeptide is isolated and purified if it is separated from other substances that exist in its natural state.
  • isolated peptide means that a polypeptide of the invention is substantially free of other proteins, lipids, carbohydrates or other materials with which it is naturally associated.
  • One skilled in the art can purify polypeptides of the invention using standard protein purification techniques.
  • a substantially purified polypeptide (fusion protein) produces a single major band on a non-reducing polyacrylamide gel.
  • polypeptide of the present invention may be a recombinant polypeptide or a synthetic polypeptide, preferably a synthetic polypeptide.
  • sequence of the vaccine polypeptide is short (such as ⁇ 70aa, more preferably ⁇ 60aa)
  • chemical methods can be used to directly synthesize the relevant peptide sequence.
  • recombinant methods can also be used to obtain the relevant peptide sequences in large quantities. This usually involves cloning the coding sequence encoding the antigen polypeptide or its fusion protein into a vector, then transferring it into cells, and then isolating the relevant antigen peptide or fusion protein from the proliferated host cells through conventional methods.
  • the present invention also provides mRNA vaccines, DNA vaccines or VLPs vaccines for preventing H5 subtype avian influenza viruses.
  • the mRNA vaccine is a kind of RNA with translational activity prepared in vitro. Its main structure includes The 5'UTR and 3'UTR and the open reading frame containing the recombinant protein SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4) of the present invention. Compared with DNA vaccines, it does not need to enter the cell nucleus and has no risk of integration into the genome.
  • the method of mRNA vaccine includes: constructing a template through PCR method or artificial synthesis method according to the amino acid sequence of SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4) and transcribing in vitro to obtain the primary product of mRNA, and further adding caps, tails, etc. to obtain the structure. Intact mRNA enters the body through the delivery system.
  • DNA vaccine is a recombinant eukaryotic expression vector containing the SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4) protein open reading frame.
  • the exogenous SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4) gene can be transcribed in living cells Translated and expressed to induce body-specific humoral and cellular immune responses.
  • the DNA sequence encodes only a single protein gene, and there is basically no possibility of toxicity reversal. It is an injectable DNA molecule.
  • the DNA vaccine method includes: constructing a template sequence through PCR or artificial synthesis based on the amino acid sequence of the recombinant protein SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4), and connecting the sequence to the target vector to form a vaccine that can be
  • the host cell takes up, transcribes and translates the DNA vaccine expressing the corresponding SCAS1HK5052 recombinant protein (SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4) in vivo.
  • VLPs virus-like particles
  • VLPs vaccine methods include: plasmid containing a gene expression vector encoding recombinant protein SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4), gene expression vector containing A/Sichuan/26221/2014 ceramide (NA), transfer Vector plasmid and packaging vector plasmid are prepared by co-transfection of cells.
  • an amino acid may have multiple bases, and there may be many nucleotide sequences corresponding to the recombinant protein SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.: 1), but mRNA vaccines, DNA vaccines, and vaccines containing recombinant protein SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.:1) .:1 or 4)
  • the expression vector of the coding sequence, the amino acid sequence of the protein finally translated and expressed in vivo is consistent with the amino acid sequence of SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.:1 or 4), or the homology is at least 80%, preferably It is at least 85%-90%, more preferably at least 95%, most preferably at least 98%, most preferably, ⁇ 99%.
  • the corresponding translation protein AS1 epitope has the introduction of N-glycans.
  • the present invention also provides an inactivated vaccine for preventing H5 subtype avian influenza virus.
  • Inactivated vaccines refer to culturing viruses or bacteria and then using physical (such as heating) or chemical reagents (such as ⁇ -propiolactone) to inactivate them so that they lose their infectivity or toxicity but still maintain immunogenicity.
  • Inactivated vaccines can be composed of whole viruses or bacteria, or they can be composed of their cleaved fragments into split vaccines and further purified until the vaccine contains only the desired antigenic components. Attenuated vaccines mean that the toxicity of pathogenic microorganisms is weakened after various treatments, but their immunogenicity is still retained.
  • Typical methods for inactivated and attenuated vaccines include using reverse genetic technology to co-transfect cells with plasmids based on the nucleotide sequence of H5 subtype avian influenza viruses to obtain avian influenza viruses, and further pass them through cells or chickens.
  • the embryos are inactivated or treated after virus amplification, thereby losing or weakening the infectivity (or toxicity) of the virus.
  • the hemagglutinin protein of influenza virus obtained using reverse genetic technology is a recombinant protein, and the amino acid sequence is consistent with the amino acid sequence of SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.: 1 or 4), or The homology is at least 80%, preferably at least 85%-90%, more preferably at least 95%, most preferably at least 98%, most preferably, ⁇ 99%.
  • the corresponding translation protein AS1 epitope has the introduction of N-glycans.
  • the invention also provides a vector comprising the recombinant protein coding sequence of the invention, and a host cell containing the vector.
  • the vector has an expression cassette for expressing the recombinant protein gene, and the expression cassette has the following elements in order from 5’ to 3’: a promoter, a recombinant protein gene, and a terminator.
  • Those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain the above-mentioned optimized gene sequence of the recombinant protein using conventional methods, such as total artificial synthesis or PCR synthesis.
  • a preferred synthesis method is asymmetric PCR.
  • Primers for PCR can be appropriately selected based on the sequence information of the present invention disclosed herein, and can be synthesized by conventional methods.
  • the amplified DNA/RNA fragments can be separated and purified using conventional methods such as by gel electrophoresis.
  • the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention can be used to express or produce the target protein (recombinant protein) through conventional recombinant DNA technology, including the steps:
  • polynucleotide or variant encoding the protein of the present invention, or use a recombinant expression vector containing the polynucleotide to transform or transduce a suitable host cell, preferably yeast.
  • expression vectors containing the DNA sequence encoding the protein of the invention and appropriate transcription/translation control signals preferably commercially available vectors such as pPink ⁇ HC or pMT/BiP/V5-HisA. These methods include in vitro recombinant DNA technology, DNA synthesis technology, in vivo recombination technology, etc.
  • the DNA sequence can be effectively linked to an appropriate promoter in an expression vector to direct mRNA synthesis.
  • the expression vector also includes a ribosome binding site for translation initiation and a transcription terminator.
  • the expression vector preferably contains one or more selectable marker genes to provide phenotypic traits for selection of transformed host cells.
  • a vector containing the above DNA sequence and an appropriate promoter or control sequence can be used to transform appropriate host cells to express the target protein.
  • the host cell capable of expressing the recombinant protein of the present invention can be a prokaryotic cell, such as Escherichia coli; or a lower eukaryotic cell, such as a yeast cell (Pichia pastoris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae); or a higher eukaryotic cell, such as an insect cell; preferably for yeast cells. Transformation of host cells with recombinant DNA can be performed using conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the engineered cells can be methanol-utilizing rapidly (Mut + ) or methanol-utilizing slowly (Mut s ).
  • the engineered cells can be cultured under appropriate conditions to express the protein encoded by the gene sequence of the present invention.
  • the culture medium used in the culture can be selected from various conventional culture media and cultured under conditions suitable for the growth of the host cells.
  • the selected promoter is induced using an appropriate method (such as temperature shift or chemical induction), and the cells are cultured for a further period of time.
  • the fermentation and induction temperature of the recombinant protein of the present invention is maintained at 28-30°C;
  • DO dissolved oxygen
  • the types of feeding materials should include carbon sources such as glycerol, methanol, and glucose, which can be fed separately or mixed.
  • Engineered cells expressing target proteins can be purified using chromatography technology.
  • Chromatography technologies include cation exchange chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, hydrophobic chromatography, affinity chromatography and other technologies. Commonly used chromatography methods include:
  • Anion exchange chromatography media include (but are not limited to): Q-Sepharose, DEAE-Sepharose. If the salt concentration of the fermentation sample is high and affects the binding with the ion exchange medium, the salt concentration needs to be reduced before performing ion exchange chromatography.
  • the sample can be replaced with an equilibrium buffer by means of dilution, ultrafiltration, dialysis, gel filtration chromatography, etc., until it is similar to the corresponding ion exchange column equilibrium system, and then the sample can be loaded for gradient elution with salt concentration or pH.
  • Hydrophobic chromatography media include (but are not limited to): Phenyl-Sepharose, Butyl-Sepharose, Octyle-Sepharose.
  • the salt concentration of the sample is increased by adding NaCl, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , etc., and then the sample is loaded and eluted by reducing the salt concentration. Removal of impure proteins with large differences in hydrophobicity through hydrophobic chromatography.
  • Hydrophobic chromatography media include (but are not limited to): Sephacryl, Superdex, and Sephadex. Replace the buffer system by gel filtration chromatography, or further purify.
  • Affinity chromatography media include (but are not limited to): HiTrap TM Heparin HP Columns.
  • the recombinant protein (polypeptide) of the present invention can be a recombinant polypeptide or a synthetic polypeptide.
  • the polypeptides of the present invention can be chemically synthesized or recombinant.
  • the polypeptide of the present invention can be artificially synthesized by conventional methods or produced by recombinant methods.
  • a preferred method is to use liquid phase synthesis technology or solid phase synthesis technology, such as Boc solid phase method, Fmoc solid phase method or a combination of the two methods.
  • Solid-phase synthesis can quickly obtain samples, and appropriate resin carriers and synthesis systems can be selected according to the sequence characteristics of the target peptide.
  • the preferred solid phase carrier in the Fmoc system is Wang resin connected to the C-terminal amino acid in the peptide.
  • Wang resin is polystyrene, and the arm between the amino acid and the amino acid is 4-alkoxybenzyl alcohol; use 25% hexahydropyridine /dimethylformamide at room temperature for 20 minutes to remove the Fmoc protecting group, and extend from the C-terminus to the N-terminus one by one according to the given amino acid sequence.
  • trifluoroacetic acid containing 4% p-methylphenol to cleave the synthesized proinsulin-related peptide from the resin and remove the protecting group.
  • the resin can be filtered out and then separated by diethyl ether precipitation to obtain the crude peptide.
  • the desired peptide is purified using gel filtration and reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography.
  • the preferred resin is PAM resin connected to the C-terminal amino acid in the peptide.
  • the PAM resin structure is polystyrene, and the arm between the amino acid and the amino acid is 4-hydroxymethylphenylacetamide; synthesized in Boc
  • TFA/dichloromethane (DCM) to remove the protecting group Boc and neutralize it with diisopropylethylamine (DIEA/dichloromethane).
  • DCM TFA/dichloromethane
  • Various coupling agents and coupling methods known in the field of peptide chemistry can be used to couple each amino acid residue, for example, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) or 1 ,1,3,3-tetraurea hexafluorophosphate (HBTU) for direct coupling.
  • DCC dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
  • HOBt hydroxybenzotriazole
  • HBTU 1 ,1,3,3-tetraurea hexafluorophosphate
  • the recombinant protein of the present invention is prepared by solid-phase synthesis according to its sequence, and is purified by high-performance liquid chromatography to obtain high-purity target peptide lyophilized powder, which is stored at -20°C.
  • polypeptides of the invention Another approach is to use recombinant techniques to produce the polypeptides of the invention.
  • the polynucleotide of the present invention can be used to express or produce the antigenic peptide of the present invention through conventional recombinant DNA technology. Generally speaking there are the following steps:
  • polynucleotide (or variant) of the recombinant protein of the present invention or use the recombinant expression vector containing the polynucleotide to transform or transduce suitable host cells;
  • the recombinant polypeptide can be expressed within the cell, on the cell membrane, or secreted outside the cell. If desired, the recombinant protein can be isolated and purified by various separation methods utilizing its physical, chemical and other properties. These methods are well known to those skilled in the art. Examples of these methods include, but are not limited to: conventional refolding treatment, treatment with protein precipitating agents (salting out method), centrifugation, osmotic sterilization, ultratreatment, ultracentrifugation, molecular sieve chromatography (gel filtration), adsorption layer analysis, ion exchange chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and various other liquid chromatography techniques and combinations of these methods.
  • conventional refolding treatment treatment with protein precipitating agents (salting out method), centrifugation, osmotic sterilization, ultratreatment, ultracentrifugation, molecular sieve chromatography (gel filtration), adsorption layer analysis, ion exchange chromatography, high performance liquid
  • polypeptide of the present invention is short, it is possible to concatenate multiple polypeptides together, obtain an expression product in the form of a polymer after recombinant expression, and then form the required small peptide through enzyme digestion or other methods.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing a vaccine composition, specifically, including the steps:
  • the recombinant protein prepared in the present invention is mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable vaccine adjuvant to form a vaccine composition.
  • the adjuvant is aluminum adjuvant or GLA adjuvant, preferably aluminum adjuvant.
  • compositions and methods of administration are provided.
  • the present invention also provides a composition, which contains: (i) the recombinant recombinant protein or vaccine polypeptide prepared by the method of the present invention, and (ii) a pharmaceutically or immunologically acceptable excipient or adjuvant agent.
  • a composition which contains: (i) the recombinant recombinant protein or vaccine polypeptide prepared by the method of the present invention, and (ii) a pharmaceutically or immunologically acceptable excipient or adjuvant agent.
  • the term “comprising” means that various ingredients can be used together or present in the composition of the present invention. Therefore, the terms “consisting essentially of” and “consisting of” are included in the term “comprising”.
  • compositions of the present invention include pharmaceutical compositions and vaccine compositions.
  • the compositions of the present invention may be monovalent or polyvalent.
  • the pharmaceutical composition or vaccine composition of the present invention can be prepared into various conventional dosage forms, including (but not limited to): injections, granules, tablets, pills, suppositories, capsules, suspensions, sprays, etc.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention includes an effective amount of the recombinant protein or vaccine polypeptide prepared by the method of the present invention.
  • the recombinant protein or vaccine polypeptide may be monovalent or multivalent.
  • the term "effective amount" refers to an amount of a therapeutic agent that treats, ameliorates, or prevents a target disease or condition, or that exhibits a detectable therapeutic or preventive effect. This effect can be measured by e.g. antigen levels Measurement. Therapeutic effects also include a reduction in physiological symptoms. The precise effective amount for a given subject will depend on the size and health of the subject, the nature and extent of the condition, and the therapeutic agent and/or combination of therapeutic agents chosen to be administered. Therefore, it is useless to pre-specify the exact effective amount. However, routine experimentation can be used to determine the effective amount for a given situation.
  • an effective dose is about 0.2 ⁇ g/kg to 2 ⁇ g/kg administered to an individual.
  • compositions may also contain pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carrier refers to a carrier used for the administration of a therapeutic agent (eg, a recombinant protein or other therapeutic agent). This term refers to pharmaceutical carriers that do not themselves induce the production of antibodies that are harmful to the individual receiving the composition and do not exhibit undue toxicity upon administration.
  • Suitable carriers can be large, slowly metabolized macromolecules, such as proteins, polysaccharides, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, etc. These vectors are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. A thorough discussion of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients can be found in Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences (Mack Pub. Co., N.J. 1991).
  • compositions may include liquids such as water, saline, glycerin and ethanol. In addition, these carriers may also contain auxiliary substances, such as wetting agents or emulsifiers, pH buffer substances, etc. Generally, the compositions may be prepared as injectables, such as liquid solutions or suspensions; solid forms suitable for constitution with solutions or suspensions, liquid excipients prior to injection may also be prepared. Liposomes are also included in the definition of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • the vaccine compositions of the present invention may be prophylactic (i.e., prevent infection) or therapeutic.
  • the vaccine compositions comprise immunogenic antigens (including proteins of the invention or self-assembled virus-like particles) and are usually combined with "pharmaceutically acceptable carriers" that do not themselves induce the production of immune cells that are resistant to the composition. Any carrier of individually harmful antibodies. Suitable carriers are usually large, slowly metabolized macromolecules, such as proteins, polysaccharides, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, amino acid polymers, amino acid copolymers, lipid aggregates (such as oil droplets or liposomes), etc. These vectors are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Additionally, these carriers can act as immunostimulants ("adjuvants").
  • the antigen can also be coupled to bacterial toxoids (such as toxoids of diphtheria, tetanus, cholera, Helicobacter pylori and other pathogens).
  • Preferred adjuvants that enhance the effect of the immune composition include, but are not limited to: (1) aluminum salts (alum), such as aluminum hydroxide, aluminum phosphate, aluminum sulfate, etc.; (2) oil-in-water emulsion formulations, such as (a) MF59 (see WO 90/14837), (b) SAF, and (c) Ribi TM Adjuvant System (RAS) (Ribi Immunochem, Hamilton, MT), (3) saponin adjuvant; (4) Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) and Freund's incomplete adjuvant (IFA); (5) Cytokines, such as interleukins (such as IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-12 etc.), interferons (such as gamma interferon), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CFS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), etc.; (6) Bacterial ADP-ribosylation toxins
  • Vaccine compositions including immunogenic compositions usually contain diluents such as water, saline, glycerol, ethanol, etc.
  • diluents such as water, saline, glycerol, ethanol, etc.
  • auxiliary substances such as wetting or emulsifying agents, pH buffering substances, etc. may be present in such vehicles.
  • vaccines including immunogenic compositions include an immunologically effective amount of an immunogenic polypeptide, and other required components as described above.
  • immunologically effective amount refers to an amount administered to an individual as a single dose or as part of a continuous dose that is effective for treatment or prophylaxis. The dosage will vary depending on the health condition and It depends on the physiological condition, the type of individual being treated (e.g., human), the ability of the individual's immune system to synthesize antibodies, the degree of protection required, the formulation of the vaccine, the treating physician's assessment of the medical condition, and other relevant factors. This amount is expected to fall within a relatively wide range and can be determined by routine experimentation.
  • the vaccine composition or immunogenic composition may be prepared as an injectable preparation, such as a liquid solution or suspension; it may also be prepared in a solid form suitable for solution or suspension, liquid excipient, prior to injection.
  • the formulation can also be emulsified or encapsulated in liposomes to enhance the adjuvant effect.
  • the composition can be administered directly to the subject.
  • the subject may be a human or a non-human mammal, preferably a human.
  • the virus-like particles of the invention can be administered directly to an individual using known methods. These vaccines are typically administered using the same route of administration as conventional vaccines and/or mimicking pathogen infection.
  • Routes for administering the pharmaceutical composition or vaccine composition of the present invention include (but are not limited to): intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal, intrapulmonary, intravenous, nasal, intravaginal, oral or other parenteral administration routes. Routes of administration can be combined, if necessary, or adjusted according to disease conditions. Vaccine compositions may be administered in single or multiple doses, and may include administration of booster doses to induce and/or maintain immunity.
  • Virus-like particle vaccines should be administered in an "effective amount", that is, the amount of virus-like particles is sufficient to trigger an immune response in the chosen route of administration and can effectively protect the host against new coronavirus infection.
  • each dose of vaccine is sufficient to contain from about 1 ⁇ g to 1000 ⁇ g, preferably from 1 ⁇ g to 100 ⁇ g, more preferably from 10 ⁇ g to 50 ⁇ g of protein or VLP after infection of the host cell.
  • Standard research methods including observation of antibody titers and other responses in subjects can be used to determine the optimal dosage for a particular vaccine.
  • the need for a booster dose can be determined by monitoring the level of immunity provided by the vaccine. After assessment of antibody titers in serum, a booster dose of immunization may be indicated.
  • the immune response to the proteins of the invention can be enhanced by administration of adjuvants and/or immunostimulants.
  • a preferred method is to administer the immunogenic composition by injection via the parenteral (subcutaneous or intramuscular) route.
  • the present invention first discovered that the hemagglutinin skeleton from the first H5 subtype influenza virus strain (such as A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007) and the hemagglutinin skeleton from the second H5 subtype influenza virus strain (such as A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007) A/Sichuan/26221/2014)
  • the recombinant protein of the AS1 epitope mutant (such as amino acid mutations at position 159 and/or 160, H3 numbering method) can effectively induce broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies, thereby effectively preventing poultry Infection with influenza viruses (especially strains representative of most of the 10 subtypes of the H5 subtype).
  • the present invention selected the hemagglutinin of the H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus strain A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 as the skeleton protein (recognizing only a single epitope: AS1), and combined A/Sichuan/26221/
  • AS1 epitope of the 2014 virus strain was transferred to the A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 hemagglutinin protein, replacing the original AS1 epitope, and replacing the Aspartic acid (Asp) at position 159 of the AS1 epitope.
  • alanine (Ala, A) at position 160 were mutated to serine (Serine, Ser, S) and threonine (Threonine, Thr, T) respectively, so that at the outer edge of the receptor binding site
  • the hypervariable region introduces N-glycans to expose conserved epitopes and induce broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies.
  • the present invention develops a preparation method for H5 subtype avian influenza broad-spectrum vaccine for the first time.
  • the H5N6 mutant vaccine strain prepared by the present invention can neutralize most of the representative strains of the 10 subtypes of H5 subtype (especially the representative strains that were popular between 1997 and 2014).
  • the hemagglutinin sequence of A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 comes from the sequence with NCBI accession number ACJ26242, and the amino acid sequence of the AS1 site of A/Sichuan/26221/2014 (or the amino acid sequence containing the AS1 site) comes from GISAID
  • the accession number is EPI533583, and the expressed nucleotide sequence of the recombinant protein in the method of the present invention is obtained through artificial synthesis.
  • the pseudoviruses representing the 10 subtypes of the H5 subtype and the HA recombinant pseudovirus used in the present invention were obtained from the Shanghai Pasteur Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
  • HEK293FT cells are human kidney epithelial cells (Invitrogen, 1600 Faraday Avenue, Carlsbad, CA 92008USA) transfected with the adenovirus E1A gene and simultaneously expressing the SV40 large T antigen. They are used for the preparation and protein expression of pseudoviruses and recombinant influenza viruses.
  • MDCK cells canine kidney cells (American Type Culture Collection, ATCC), used for pseudovirus neutralization experiments.
  • HA titer Serially dilute the influenza virus or virus-like particles 2-fold with physiological saline or PBS. Add 50 ⁇ L of each dilution of the virus to a 96-well U-shaped bottom cell culture plate. Add 50 ⁇ L of 0.5% SPF chicken red blood cells to each well. Mix well, incubate at room temperature for about 30 minutes, observe the red blood cell agglutination phenomenon, and obtain the virus dilution per coagulation unit, which is the hemagglutination titer (HA titer).
  • HA titer hemagglutination titer
  • Plasmids for packaging pseudoviruses include gene expression vector plasmids pCMV/R-HA and pCMV/R-NA (used to express influenza virus HA and NA proteins as pseudovirus envelope proteins, or pCMV-VSV-G for expression of negative control Vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G)), packaging vector plasmid pCMV/ ⁇ R8.2 (used to express the shell protein of the pseudovirus) and the transfer vector plasmid pHR'CMV-luc (used to express the reporter protein of the pseudovirus). These four plasmids are assembled into a pseudovirus containing HA and NA proteins. and control VSV-G pseudovirus. Packaging vector plasmid and transfer vector plasmid were donated by Professor Luigi Naldini (University Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy). The plasmid structure is shown in Figure 2.
  • the packaging system of influenza pseudovirus is:
  • VSV-G The system of VSV-G versus pseudovirus is:
  • the plasmid and calcium ions form a uniform precipitate.
  • the fresh culture medium was replaced and 100 ⁇ M sodium butyrate was added for 6-8 hours.
  • 15 mL of fresh culture medium was replaced again and the culture was continued for about 20 hours.
  • the supernatant containing the pseudovirus was collected. Centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 5 minutes to remove possible cell debris and filter with a 0.45 ⁇ m filter (Millipore Millex, Cat. No. SLHV033RB). Store the filtered pseudovirus supernatant at -80°C for later use.
  • the relative luciferase activity (RLA) expressed by the transfer vector plasmid pHR'CMV-Luc after transducing MDCK cells with pseudovirions was used as the detection standard for the infection ability of influenza virus pseudoviruses.
  • the method is as follows: Plate MDCK cells into a 96-well flat-bottomed cell culture plate with 5,000 cells in each well. After culturing for 20 hours, add different volumes of pseudovirus supernatant to be tested and culture at 37°C and 5 % CO2. After 65 hours, discard the cell supernatant, wash once with PBS, and follow the instructions of the kit (Promega, Luciferase assay system freezer pack, Cat. No.
  • E4530 add 100 ⁇ L of cell lysis solution, freeze and thaw to fully lyse the cells, and then add 50 ⁇ L of luciferin. Enzyme reaction substrate, the measured relative luciferase activity can visually represent the infection titer of the pseudovirus to be tested.
  • influenza pseudovirus library is used to detect the broad spectrum of immune serum, as shown in Table 6.
  • VSV-G pseudovirus was used as control virus.
  • MDCK cells were transduced with pseudovirions incubated with neutralizing antibodies or serum and then the relative luciferase activity (RLA) expressed by the transfer vector plasmid pHR'CMV-Luc was used as the neutralizing antibody or serum to neutralize the corresponding pseudoviral influenza virus.
  • RLA relative luciferase activity
  • the method is as follows: mix the serially diluted antibody or serum sample to be tested with an appropriate amount of the corresponding influenza virus pseudovirus and incubate it at 37°C. One hour later, add the above mixture to the 96-well cell culture plate that has been seeded with MDCK cells in advance, and culture at 37°C and 5% CO2 .
  • Serum inhibition percentage (relative luciferase value of pseudovirus in complete culture medium - relative luciferase value of pseudovirus in complete culture medium containing serially diluted antibodies)/luciferase of pseudovirus in complete culture medium Relative value ⁇ 100%.
  • the indicator of serum neutralization titer used in this study is the IC50 value, which refers to the serum dilution factor when the relative value of luciferase of the pseudovirus decreases by 50%.
  • the software GraphPad Prism was used to calculate the serum dilution factor and fluorescence.
  • the relative values of the enzymes were fitted according to the Sigma curve and the IC50 value was calculated.
  • the concentration of IC50 is calculated by fitting the Sigma curve of the neutralization titer of serially diluted antibodies or serum samples using GraphPad Prism software.
  • pCMV/R vector plasmid The full-length sequence of hemagglutinin (including the transmembrane region and intracellular region) was After mammalian codon optimization, a company (Nanjing GenScript Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) was entrusted to synthesize the entire gene sequence and insert it into the pCMV/R vector (the map of the constructed hemagglutinin DNA plasmid is shown in Figure 3). Escherichia coli ( JM109), after transformation and clonal amplification, plasmid extraction (QIAGEN, Cat. No.
  • the plasmid information is accurate After everything is correct, aliquot the plasmid and store it at -80°C for later use.
  • VLP virus-like particles
  • the system of influenza virus-like particles is:
  • the system for controlling virus-like particles is
  • the plasmid and calcium ions formed a uniform precipitate.
  • the collected cell supernatant containing the virus was centrifuged and filtered, and then centrifuged at 25,000 rpm and 4°C for 2 hours. Fully dissolve the VLP pellet with PBS.
  • the resuspended VLPs were added to discontinuous sucrose density gradients of 30% and 45% (2 ml each). After centrifugation at 110,000xg for 3 hours at 4°C, you can see two turbid liquid bands (upper fuzzy band & lower fuzzy band) in the centrifuge tube.
  • the upper fuzzy band is at the top of this gradient centrifuge tube, which is mainly composed of Gag VLPs without envelope proteins on the surface and some small amounts of impurity proteins; the lower fuzzy band is mainly VLPs with envelope spike proteins on the surface.
  • hemagglutination test (only applicable to viruses containing hemagglutinin protein). poison-like particles) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  • the method of hemagglutination test is as described in 1.3, which is used to quantify the envelope protein on the surface of virus-like particles.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is used to quantify the matrix protein of virus-like particles.
  • the specific steps are carried out according to the instructions of the HIV-1 antigen ELISA kit (ZeptoMetrix, Cat. No. 0801200). The specific process is as follows: Take out an appropriate amount of HIV-1P24antigen ELISA kit.
  • mice Female BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into 6 groups, and the mice were immunized on days 0, 21, and 42 respectively. The first and second times were immunized with DNA plasmid expressing HA protein, and each mouse was immunized with 100 ⁇ g plasmid in the hind limb muscle. The third time was immunized with surface membrane proteins HA and NA virus-like particles (VLP), and each mouse was immunized in the abdominal cavity. 512 hemagglutination units were immunized as the DDV immunization group; the control group was immunized twice with empty plasmid, and each mouse was immunized with 100 ⁇ g of plasmid in the hind limb muscles. For booster immunization, VLP containing only HIV-1 gag was used to immunize each mouse with intraperitoneal immunization. .
  • the experimental animals immunized with DDV are mice.
  • DDV immunity Insert the hemagglutinin nucleotide base sequence of H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus strain A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 into the CMV/R vector, construct a plasmid, immunize mice, and use A/common magpie/ Hong Kong/5052/2007 uses hemagglutinin and neuraminidase as envelope proteins to prepare virus-like particles to enhance immunity.
  • the present invention selects A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 hemagglutinin as the skeleton protein.
  • the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of the A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 virus strain are used to prepare the immunogen.
  • Female BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into groups and immunized using the DDV immunization strategy.
  • Fourteen days after the last immunization mouse immune serum was collected, and a pseudovirus neutralization experiment was used to detect the broad spectrum of the immune serum.
  • the results in Table 7 show that DDV-immunized serum has good neutralizing activity against the A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 virus strain, but has poor neutralizing activity against other virus strains, which is a typical strain-specific immunity.
  • Original the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of the A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 virus strain are used to prepare the immunogen
  • the present invention constructed a series of mutant strains.
  • the spatial conformation of the hemagglutinin protein is divided into a head far away from the transmembrane region and a rod close to the transmembrane region.
  • the head contains four antibody-binding regions, namely AS1, AS2, AS3 and AS4 (the space of the hemagglutinin protein The conformation and head region epitopes are shown in Figure 4).
  • Neutralizing antibodies induced by hemagglutinin of A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 are high against virus strain A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 and against virus strain A/Thailand/(KAN-1)/2004
  • the neutralizing activity is low.
  • the recombinant protein immunogen was constructed by exchanging amino acids in different regions of the hemagglutinin of the two strains of viruses, and a HA recombinant pseudovirus in which the head and stem were exchanged (recombination in which the head and stem were exchanged) was constructed.
  • the schematic diagram of HA construction is shown in Figure 5), and pseudoviruses with different epitopes exchanged ( Figure 6). This pseudovirus containing recombinant HA was used to detect changes in the neutralizing activity of immune serum, and the epitopes recognized by neutralizing antibodies and the positions of key amino acids were inferred.
  • the present invention constructs a hemagglutinin-containing antibody by exchanging the head and stem.
  • Recombinant HA pseudovirus The results in Table 8 show that the pseudovirus has a complete structure and has hemagglutination activity.
  • the results in Table 9 show that exchanging the stem will not affect the neutralizing titer of the immune serum, while exchanging the head can cause significant changes in the neutralizing titer of the immune serum.
  • the hemagglutinin head contains four antigenic epitopes (Figure 7A, the four antigenic epitopes are AS1, AS2, AS3, and AS4).
  • Figure 7A the four antigenic epitopes are AS1, AS2, AS3, and AS4.
  • the present invention constructed a head epitope exchange between A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007 and A/Thailand/(KAN-1)/2004 virus strains.
  • HA recombinant pseudovirus the recombinant pseudovirus shown in Table 10 has a complete structure and hemagglutination activity, and can be used to analyze the specific epitopes recognized by immune serum.
  • the present invention compared A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007
  • the amino acid difference between the hemagglutinin AS1 epitope of the A/Thailand/(KAN-1)/2004 virus strain was found to be only 5 amino acids different (as shown in Figure 7B), which are located in the receptor binding site of the hemagglutinin protein.
  • the present invention constructs these two position-interchanged mutant pseudoviruses, as shown in Table 12, and can be used to analyze immunity. serum.
  • Table 13 show that exchanging the amino acids on 190 helix will not affect the neutralization titer of the immune serum, but exchanging 158, 159, and 160 on the outer loop of the receptor binding site can cause the neutralization titer of the immune serum.
  • Positions 158, 159 and 160 are located at the outer edge of the head receptor binding site of the hemagglutinin protein, and positions 158, 159 and 160 and their vicinity are amino acid hypervariable regions (Figure 8).
  • the AS1 epitope of the A/Sichuan/26221/2014 virus strain was transferred to the hemagglutinin of A/common magpie/Hong Kong/5052/2007, and the Aspartic acid at positions 159 and 160 of the AS1 epitope was Asp, D) and alanine (Alanine, Ala, A) are mutated to serine (Ser, S) and threonine (Threonine, Thr, T), which are introduced in the hypervariable region at the outer edge of the receptor binding site N-glycan, the constructed HA recombinant immunogen, named SCAS1HK5052 (SEQ ID NO.:1), was used to immunize mice with "DDV" immunization method. The mouse serum was collected 14 days after the last immunization, and the broad spectrum of immune serum was analyzed. sex.

Abstract

L'invention concerne la mise au point et l'utilisation d'un vaccin à large spectre contre la grippe aviaire de type H5N6. L'invention concerne des procédés de préparation d'un vaccin protéique recombinant, d'un vaccin inactivé et d'un vaccin à base d'acide nucléique, et leur utilisation. Des expériences montrent que le vaccin protéique recombinant, le vaccin inactivé et le vaccin à base d'acide nucléique préparés peuvent prévenir efficacement l'infection par le virus de la grippe aviaire.
PCT/CN2023/097257 2022-06-08 2023-05-30 Développement et utilisation d'un vaccin à large spectre contre la grippe aviaire de type h5n6 WO2023236822A1 (fr)

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