WO2023236275A1 - 触控基板及显示面板 - Google Patents

触控基板及显示面板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023236275A1
WO2023236275A1 PCT/CN2022/101677 CN2022101677W WO2023236275A1 WO 2023236275 A1 WO2023236275 A1 WO 2023236275A1 CN 2022101677 W CN2022101677 W CN 2022101677W WO 2023236275 A1 WO2023236275 A1 WO 2023236275A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
branch
connection
trunk
electrodes
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PCT/CN2022/101677
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张震
叶剑
Original Assignee
武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司
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Application filed by 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 filed Critical 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司
Priority to US17/759,373 priority Critical patent/US20240192820A1/en
Publication of WO2023236275A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023236275A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0446—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0443—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a single layer of sensing electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0448—Details of the electrode shape, e.g. for enhancing the detection of touches, for generating specific electric field shapes, for enhancing display quality
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04111—Cross over in capacitive digitiser, i.e. details of structures for connecting electrodes of the sensing pattern where the connections cross each other, e.g. bridge structures comprising an insulating layer, or vias through substrate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04112—Electrode mesh in capacitive digitiser: electrode for touch sensing is formed of a mesh of very fine, normally metallic, interconnected lines that are almost invisible to see. This provides a quite large but transparent electrode surface, without need for ITO or similar transparent conductive material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display devices, in particular to a touch substrate and a display panel.
  • Capacitive touch screens are widely used in various electronic interactive scene devices due to their high durability, long life, and support for multi-touch functions.
  • the capacitive touch screen detects the specific position of the finger touch by detecting the change in capacitance at the finger touch position. Therefore, when the amount of capacitance change caused by a touch is small, a traditional capacitive touch screen may not be able to accurately detect whether there is a touch input. Since the structural design of a touch screen is a very important factor in detecting capacitance changes, it is necessary to develop a touch screen design that can detect smaller capacitance changes.
  • the touch electrode pattern usually needs to be made directly on the upper surface of the film encapsulation layer.
  • the thin encapsulation layer usually The thickness is about 10um
  • the distance between the touch electrode and the cathode is small, which leads to a large parasitic capacitance between TX (driving electrode)/RX (sensing electrode) and the cathode, which in turn leads to a large RC delay and reduces Touch sensitivity.
  • the touch electrodes in current flexible AMOLED displays are usually made of hollow metal mesh, and their conductive area is smaller than the traditional full-surface transparent ITO touch electrodes, so the actual effective conductive electrode area is smaller.
  • the mutual capacitance induction between the control electrodes TX and RX is very small, resulting in a smaller change in capacitance when a finger touches it, making it difficult to be detected by the touch chip.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a touch substrate and a display panel to solve the problem in the prior art that the parasitic capacitance between the touch electrode and the cathode is large, resulting in reduced sensitivity and accuracy of the touch substrate.
  • the present invention provides a touch substrate, which includes a plurality of touch units, and each of the touch units includes a first electrode and a second electrode that are electrically insulated from each other.
  • the first electrode includes a first trunk electrode extending along a first direction and at least a first branch pattern and at least a third branch pattern respectively provided on both sides of the first trunk electrode.
  • the second electrode includes a second trunk electrode extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and at least one second branch pattern and at least one fourth branch pattern respectively provided on both sides of the second trunk electrode. .
  • the first branch pattern spreads to both sides of the first connection center with a first connection center as its midpoint, and the second branch pattern takes a second connection center as its midpoint. Spread to both sides of the second connection midpoint.
  • the third branch pattern spreads to both sides of the second connection midpoint with the second connection center as the midpoint, and surrounds the second branch pattern;
  • the fourth The branch pattern takes the first connection center as a midpoint and spreads to both sides of the first connection center and surrounds the first branch pattern.
  • the area of the first electrode is equal to the area of the second electrode.
  • the first electrode further includes a first dry electrode and a first branch electrode.
  • the first trunk electrode is parallel to the second trunk electrode and electrically connected to the first trunk electrode.
  • the first branch electrode is provided on one side of the first main electrode and the first dry electrode.
  • the second electrode also includes a second dry electrode and a second branch dry electrode.
  • the second main electrode is parallel to the first main electrode and is electrically connected to the second main electrode.
  • the second branch electrode is provided on one side of the second main electrode and the second secondary electrode.
  • the touch unit is a centrally symmetrical structure with a center of symmetry.
  • the first trunk electrode, the first trunk electrode and the first branch electrode form a pinwheel-shaped structure with the center of symmetry as the midpoint.
  • the second trunk electrode, the second trunk electrode and the second branch electrode form a pinwheel-shaped structure with the center of symmetry as the midpoint.
  • the direction of the windmill-shaped structure of the first electrode is opposite to the direction of the windmill-shaped structure of the second electrode.
  • a second secondary dry electrode is provided on a side of the first trunk electrode away from the first connection center.
  • a first dry electrode is provided on a side of the second backbone electrode close to the second connection center.
  • the touch unit has a first area, a second area, a third area and a fourth area arranged in an array.
  • the first area is connected to the fourth area
  • the second area is connected to the third area.
  • the first area is connected to the second area
  • the third area is connected to the fourth area.
  • the common connection point of the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area is the symmetry center of the touch unit.
  • the first region and the fourth region both have the first branch pattern and the fourth branch pattern
  • the second region and the third region both have the second branch pattern. and the third branch pattern.
  • the first branch pattern includes a plurality of the first branch electrodes and the first dry electrodes.
  • the first branch electrode is a plurality of first branch electrodes connected to the first connection center.
  • the first dry electrode is disposed on a side of the first branch pattern away from the first backbone electrode and parallel to the first backbone electrode.
  • the first branch electrode located on the side of the first connection center close to the first trunk electrode is electrically connected to the first trunk electrode, and the first branch electrode located far away from the first connection center is electrically connected to the first trunk electrode.
  • the first branch electrode on one side of the first trunk electrode is electrically connected to the first branch electrode.
  • the third branch pattern includes a plurality of first branch electrodes, a plurality of first dry electrodes and first connection electrodes.
  • the first branch electrodes are disposed on both sides of the second connection center and are electrically insulated from the second connection center.
  • the first dry electrodes are respectively disposed on a side of the fourth branch pattern close to the second backbone electrode and a side of the fourth branch pattern far away from the second backbone electrode, and are parallel to the first backbone electrode.
  • the first connection electrode is electrically connected to the first trunk electrode and is located on a side of the third branch pattern away from the first trunk electrode.
  • one end of the first branch electrode away from the second connection center is electrically connected to the first branch electrode, and the end of the first branch electrode away from the second backbone electrode is electrically connected to the first branch electrode.
  • the electrode is electrically connected to the first trunk electrode.
  • the first branch electrode, the first trunk electrode and the first trunk electrode respectively surround at least one first opening.
  • the first branch electrode and the first dry electrode surround at least a third opening.
  • a first dummy electrode is disposed in both the first opening and the third opening, and the first dummy electrode is electrically insulated from the first electrode.
  • the second branch pattern includes a plurality of second branch electrodes and a plurality of second sub-dry electrodes.
  • the second branch electrode is connected to the second connection center.
  • the second dry electrodes are respectively disposed on a side of the second branch pattern close to the first backbone electrode and a side of the second branch pattern far away from the first backbone electrode, and are parallel to the second backbone electrode.
  • one end of the second branch electrode away from the second connection center is electrically connected to the second branch electrode, and the end of the second branch electrode close to the first trunk electrode is electrically connected to the second branch electrode.
  • the electrode is electrically connected to the second trunk electrode.
  • the fourth branch pattern includes a plurality of second branch stem electrodes, second sub-stem electrodes and second connection electrodes.
  • the second branch electrodes are disposed on both sides of the first connection center and are electrically insulated from the first connection center.
  • the second secondary dry electrode is disposed on a side of the fourth branch pattern away from the second backbone electrode and parallel to the second backbone electrode.
  • the second connection electrode is electrically connected to the second backbone electrode and the second sub-backbone electrode, and is located on a side of the first branch pattern away from the first backbone electrode.
  • the second branch electrode located on the side of the first connection center close to the second backbone electrode is connected to the second backbone electrode, and the second branch electrode located on the side away from the first connection center is connected to the second backbone electrode.
  • the second branch electrode on one side of the second main electrode is electrically connected to the second secondary electrode.
  • the second branch electrode and the second sub-dry electrode surround at least one second opening.
  • the second branch electrode, the second main electrode and the second sub-dry electrode respectively surround at least one fourth opening.
  • a second dummy electrode is disposed in both the second opening and the fourth opening, and the second dummy electrode is electrically insulated from the second electrode.
  • first branch electrode is provided with a second branch electrode, and there is a gap between the adjacent first branch electrode and the second branch electrode, and the A third dummy electrode is disposed in the gap, and the third dummy electrode is electrically insulated from the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • the touch substrate further includes a plurality of first electrode groups and a plurality of second electrode groups.
  • the first electrode group is arranged along the second direction and extends along the first direction.
  • the second electrode group is arranged along the first direction and extends along the second direction.
  • the touch unit array is arranged in the touch substrate.
  • the first electrodes in two adjacent touch units are electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of the first electrodes electrically connected to each other are combined into a first electrode group.
  • the second electrodes in two adjacent touch units are electrically connected to each other, and a plurality of second electrodes electrically connected to each other are combined into a second electrode group.
  • first electrode group two adjacent first electrodes are electrically connected to each other through a first connection point, and the first electrodes on both sides of the first connection point are The first connection point is the center point and is centrally symmetrical.
  • second electrode group two adjacent second electrodes are electrically connected to each other through a second connection point, and the second electrodes on both sides of the second connection point are connected to each other by the second connection point.
  • the two joints are the center point and are centrally symmetrical. Wherein, the area of the first connection is smaller than the area of the second connection.
  • At least two of the first trunk electrodes and at least two of the first trunk electrodes are directly connected to the first connection point and form a "cross"-shaped structure.
  • At least two second trunk electrodes and at least two second connection electrodes are directly connected to the second connection point and form a "cross"-shaped structure.
  • the touch unit further includes a fourth dummy electrode, the fourth dummy electrode is provided at an edge of the touch unit and is located away from the third branch pattern and the fourth branch pattern. On one side of the first branch pattern and the second branch pattern, the fourth dummy electrode is electrically insulated from the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • each of the touch units there is a first connection point or a second connection point between two adjacent fourth virtual electrodes, and the fourth virtual electrode One end has a first connection point, and the other end has a second connection point.
  • the four fourth virtual electrodes between two adjacent first connections or two adjacent second connections are connected to each other and form a Radial structure.
  • the first backbone electrode includes two first sub-backbone electrodes, the first sub-backbone electrodes are respectively located on both sides of the second backbone electrode and are bridged by at least one conductive bridge.
  • the conductive bridge includes a first connection section and a second connection section vertically connected, and the length of the second connection section is shorter than the length of the first connection section.
  • a minimum width of a branch electrode among the first electrode and the second electrode is larger than the size of two sub-pixels.
  • first electrode and the second electrode are made of metal mesh or transparent conductive material.
  • the present invention also provides a display panel, which includes the touch substrate as described above.
  • the advantages of the present invention are: the touch substrate and display panel of the present invention are evenly distributed, interlocked, and surrounded by branch circuits, so that the distribution of the mutual capacitance electric field in each touch unit is more uniform, and the mutual capacitance electric field is distributed in a limited space.
  • the facing area between the first electrode and the second electrode is increased, thereby increasing the change in parasitic capacitance of the first electrode and the second electrode after a touch occurs, effectively reducing the RC delay in the touch unit, and thereby Improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the touch substrate when identifying the touch position.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a touch substrate in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a touch unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the touch unit in the second area in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the touch unit in the first area in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of the conductive bridge in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic plan view of the conductive bridge in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic plan view of four touch units arranged in an array in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the layering between metal wiring and light-emitting devices in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic plan view of a metal mesh structure in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of a display panel in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Non-touch area 1B The first electrode group 11;
  • Second connection 12A Driver chip 13;
  • the first connection electrode 140 The first connection center 150;
  • the first opening is 160; the third opening is 170;
  • second electrode 200 second branch pattern 202;
  • the second opening is 260; the fourth opening is 270;
  • Gap 301 First virtual electrode 310;
  • Display panel 1000 Substrate layer 2;
  • inventive embodiments refer to the accompanying drawings to illustrate specific inventive embodiments in which the invention may be implemented.
  • the directional terms mentioned in the present invention such as “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “inner”, “outer”, “side”, etc., are only for reference to the directions of the attached drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for the purpose of better and clearer explanation and understanding of the present invention, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as Limitations on the invention.
  • the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
  • an element When an element is referred to as being “on” another element, it can be directly positioned on the other element; intervening elements may also be present, and the element may be positioned directly on the other element. And the middle part is placed on another part.
  • one element When one element is described as being “mounted on” or “connected to” another element, it can either be directly “mounted on” or “connected to”, or one element may be indirectly “mounted to” or “connected to” through intervening elements. to” another widget.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a touch substrate 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the touch substrate 1 has a touch area 1A and a non-touch area 1B connected to the touch area 1A.
  • the touch substrate 1 includes a plurality of first electrode groups 11 and a plurality of second electrode groups 12 .
  • the first electrode groups 11 extend along the first direction x and are arranged along the second direction y.
  • Each first electrode group 11 has a plurality of first electrodes 100 that are electrically connected to each other.
  • the second electrode groups 12 extend along the second direction y and are arranged along the first direction x.
  • Each second electrode group 12 has a plurality of second electrodes 200 that are electrically connected to each other.
  • the first direction x is perpendicular to the second direction y, so that the first electrode group 11 intersects the second electrode group 12, and the first electrode group 11 and the second electrode group Groups 12 are insulated from each other.
  • the touch substrate 1 includes a plurality of signal traces 14.
  • the signal traces 14 are used to connect the first electrode group 11 and the second electrode group 12 to the driver.
  • the chip 13 is electrically connected to transmit the capacitance data generated in the touch area 1A to the driver chip 13 for processing, thereby generating a touch signal.
  • Each signal line 14 is electrically connected to a first electrode group 11 or a second electrode group 12, so that the capacitance data generated in each row and column of electrode groups can be transmitted to all
  • the driver chip 13 is described.
  • first electrode 100 at the intersection position and the corresponding intersecting second electrode 200 form a touch unit 15.
  • a plurality of first electrode groups 11 and a plurality of second electrode groups 12 intersect to form a plurality of touch units 15 , and the plurality of touch units 15 move along the first direction x and the second
  • the direction y array is arranged in the touch substrate 1 .
  • the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 are provided in each touch unit 15, and the area of the first electrode 100 in each touch unit 15 is equal to the area of the second electrode 200, This promotes uniform distribution between the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in each touch unit 15 .
  • the touch unit 15 has four rectangular areas arranged in an array, and the rectangular areas are respectively a first area 15A, a second area 15B, a third area 15C and a fourth area 15D.
  • the first area 15A is connected to the fourth area 15D
  • the second area 15B is connected to the third area 15C.
  • the first area 15A is connected to the second area 15B
  • the third area 15C is connected to the fourth area 15D.
  • the common connection point of the first area 15A, the second area 15B, the third area 15C and the fourth area 15D is the symmetry center of the touch unit 15.
  • the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 are centrally symmetrical with the symmetry center as the midpoint.
  • first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in the first region 15A are centrally symmetrical with the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in the third region 15C with the symmetry center as the center point, so The first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in the second region 15B are centrally symmetrical with the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in the fourth region 15D with the symmetry center as the center point.
  • the first electrode 100 includes a first trunk electrode 110 and first branch patterns 101 and third branch patterns 103 provided on both sides of the first trunk electrode 110 .
  • the second electrode 200 includes a second trunk electrode 210 and second branch patterns 202 and fourth branch patterns 204 provided on both sides of the second trunk electrode 210 .
  • the first trunk electrode 110 is parallel to the first direction x
  • the second trunk electrode 210 is parallel to the second direction y
  • the distance between the first trunk electrode 110 and the second trunk electrode 210 is The intersection point corresponds to the center of symmetry.
  • the first branch pattern 101 and the fourth branch pattern 204 are located in the second area 15B and the fourth area 15D, and the second branch pattern 202 and the third branch pattern 103 are located in the second area 15B and the fourth area 15D.
  • the first branch pattern 101 extends along the second direction y and has one first branch electrode 120 , four first branch electrodes 130 and A first connection center 150.
  • the first dry electrode 120 is disposed on a side of the first branch pattern 101 away from the first backbone electrode 110 and parallel to the first backbone electrode 110 .
  • the first connection center 150 corresponds to the center point of the second area 15B, and the first branch electrodes 130 are evenly disposed on both sides of the first connection center 150 .
  • first branch electrodes 130 are disposed on a side of the first connection center 150 close to the first trunk electrode 110 , and the other two first branch electrodes 130 are disposed on the first side of the first connection center 150 .
  • the connection center 150 is on a side away from the first trunk electrode 110 .
  • the two first branch electrodes 130 located on the same side of the first connection center 150 intersect each other perpendicularly, and their intersection is connected to the first connection center 150 , so that the first branch pattern 101 is located at that location.
  • a structure is formed with the first connection center 150 as the midpoint and extending to both sides of the first connection center 150 .
  • the first branch electrode 130 located on the side of the first connection center 150 close to the first trunk electrode 110 is electrically connected to the first trunk electrode 110 and surrounds the first trunk electrode 110 to form a triangle. First opening 160.
  • the first branch electrode 130 and the first trunk electrode 120 located on the side of the first connection center 150 away from the first trunk electrode 110 are electrically connected to each other and also surround a triangular first opening 160 .
  • the fourth branch pattern 204 extends along the first direction x and has a second sub-stem electrode 220 , four second sub-stem electrodes 230 and a second connection electrode 240.
  • the second secondary dry electrode 220 is disposed on a side of the fourth branch pattern 204 away from the second backbone electrode 210 and parallel to the second backbone electrode 210 .
  • the second branch electrodes 230 are evenly disposed on both sides of the first connection center 150 .
  • the second connection electrode 240 is electrically connected to the second main electrode 210 and the second sub-dry electrode 220 .
  • two second branch electrodes 230 are disposed on a side of the first connection center 150 close to the second trunk electrode 210 , and the other two second branch electrodes 230 are disposed on the first connection center 150 .
  • the connection center 150 is away from the side of the second trunk electrode 210 .
  • the two second branch electrodes 230 located on the same side of the first connection center 150 intersect each other perpendicularly, and their intersection partially overlaps the first connection center 150 , but maintains electrical power with the first connection center 150 . Therefore, the fourth branch pattern 204 forms a structure extending diffusely to both sides of the first connection center 150 with the first connection center 150 as the midpoint in the first direction x.
  • the second branch electrode 230 located on the side of the first connection center 150 close to the second trunk electrode 210 is electrically connected to the second trunk electrode 210 and surrounds the second trunk electrode 210 to form a triangle. Fourth opening 270.
  • the second branch electrode 230 and the second sub-stem electrode 220 located on the side of the first connection center 150 away from the second main electrode 210 are electrically connected to each other and also surround a triangular fourth opening 270 .
  • the second connection electrode 240 is disposed on the side of the fourth branch pattern 204 away from the first trunk electrode 110 and is parallel to the first trunk electrode 110 .
  • the first branch pattern 101 is surrounded by the second main electrode 210 , the second sub-dry electrode 220 and the second connection electrode 240 .
  • the second branch pattern 202 extends along the second direction y.
  • the second branch pattern 202 has a second branch electrode 220 and a second branch electrode 230, and the second branch electrode 220 and the second branch electrode 230 in the second branch pattern 202 form an electrode.
  • the pattern has an axially symmetrical structure with the first branch pattern 101 in the second region 15B.
  • the second branch pattern 202 includes two second secondary dry electrodes 220, four second branch dry electrodes 230 and a second connection center 250.
  • the second connection center 250 corresponds to the center point of the first area 15A, and the second branch electrodes 230 are evenly disposed on both sides of the second connection center 250 .
  • the second branch electrode 220 is disposed on both sides of the second branch pattern 202 and is parallel to the first trunk electrode 110 .
  • One end of the second branch electrode 230 is away from the second connection center 250 It is electrically connected to the second dry electrode 220 .
  • a second secondary dry electrode 220 close to the first backbone electrode 110 is electrically connected to the second backbone electrode 210 .
  • two second branch electrodes 230 are disposed on a side of the second connection center 250 close to the first trunk electrode 110 , and the other two second branch electrodes 230 are disposed on the second connection center 250 .
  • the connection center 250 is on a side away from the first trunk electrode 110 .
  • the two second branch electrodes 230 located on the same side of the second connection center 250 perpendicularly intersect each other, and their intersection is connected to the second connection center 250, so that the second branch pattern 202 is located at the desired position.
  • a structure is formed with the second connection center 250 as the midpoint and extending diffusely to both sides of the second connection center 250 .
  • the second secondary trunk electrode 220 and the second branch electrode 230 located on the side of the second connection center 250 close to the first trunk electrode 110 are electrically connected to each other and surround a triangular second opening 260 .
  • the second secondary trunk electrode 220 and the second branch electrode 230 located on the side of the second connection center 250 away from the first trunk electrode 110 are electrically connected to each other and also surround a triangular second opening 260 .
  • the third branch pattern 103 extends along the first direction x, and includes two first branch electrodes 120 and four first branch electrodes 130 and a first connection electrode 140.
  • the first trunk electrode 120 is disposed on both sides of the fourth branch pattern 204 and is parallel to the second trunk electrode 210 .
  • a first trunk electrode 120 away from the second trunk electrode 210 is electrically connected to the first trunk electrode 110 .
  • the first branch electrodes 130 are evenly disposed on both sides of the second connection center 250 , and one end thereof away from the second connection center 250 is electrically connected to the first branch electrode 120 .
  • Two ends of the first connection electrode 140 are electrically connected to one of the first dry electrodes 120 respectively.
  • first branch electrodes 130 are disposed on a side of the first connection center 150 close to the second trunk electrode 210 , and the other two first branch electrodes 130 are disposed on the second backbone electrode 210 .
  • the connection center 250 is on a side away from the second trunk electrode 210 .
  • the two first branch electrodes 130 located on the same side of the second connection center 250 intersect each other perpendicularly. The intersection partially overlaps the second connection center 250 but maintains electrical power with the second connection center 250 . Therefore, the third branch pattern 103 forms a structure extending diffusely to both sides of the second connection center 250 with the second connection center 250 as the midpoint in the first direction x.
  • the first dry electrode 120 and the first branch electrode 130 located on the side of the second connection center 250 close to the second backbone electrode 210 are electrically connected to each other and surround a triangular third opening 170 .
  • the first dry electrode 120 and the first branch electrode 130 located on the side of the second connection center 250 away from the second main electrode 210 are electrically connected to each other and also surround a triangular third opening 170 .
  • the first connection electrode 140 is provided on the third branch pattern 103 and a side away from the first trunk electrode 110 and is parallel to the first trunk electrode 110 .
  • the first trunk electrode 110 , the first trunk electrode 120 and the first connection electrode 140 surround the second branch pattern 202 .
  • the structures of the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in the third region 15C are the same as those in the first region 15A, and based on the symmetry
  • the center is the midpoint and is centrally symmetrical;
  • the structures of the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in the fourth region 15D are the same as those in the second region 15B, and the center of symmetry is also
  • the midpoint is centrally symmetrical.
  • the first trunk electrode 110, the first trunk electrode 120 close to the second trunk electrode 210 and parallel to the second trunk electrode 210, and the first trunk electrode 110 and the first trunk electrode are arranged
  • the first branch electrodes 130 on the 120 side form a pinwheel-shaped structure with the symmetry center as the midpoint, and the first branch electrodes 130 in the pinwheel-shaped structure are all distributed in a counterclockwise direction.
  • the second trunk electrode 210, the second trunk electrode 220 close to the first trunk electrode 110 and parallel to the first trunk electrode 110, and the second trunk electrode 210 and the second trunk electrode 220.
  • the second branch electrodes 230 on the side form a pinwheel-like structure with the center of symmetry as the midpoint, and the second branch electrodes 230 in the car-following structure are all distributed in a clockwise direction.
  • the center point of the windmill-shaped structure of the first electrode 100 and the center point of the windmill-shaped structure of the second electrode 200 both coincide with the center of symmetry, causing the first electrode 100 to
  • the pinwheel-shaped structure in and the pinwheel-shaped structure in the second electrode 200 intersect and fit with each other to form a quadrilateral structure, thereby making the first backbone in the first region 15A and the second region 15B
  • the second dry electrode 220 is provided on the side of the electrode 110 away from the first connection center 150 .
  • a first trunk electrode 120 is also provided on the side of the second trunk electrode 210 close to the second connection center 250 .
  • the quadrilateral structure formed by the combination of pinwheel-shaped structures its two diagonals coincide with the first trunk electrode 110 and the second trunk electrode 210 respectively.
  • the two intersecting and matching pinwheel-like structures enable the second opening 260 structure to be provided on both sides of each first opening 160 structure, and the first opening 260 structure is provided on both sides of each second opening 260 structure.
  • the opening 160 structure further promotes a more even distribution of the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 and a larger coverage area, reducing identification dead spots and improving touch sensitivity.
  • the first branch electrode 130 is inclined to the first trunk electrode 110 and forms a first included angle, and the first included angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°. °.
  • the first included angle between the first branch electrode 130 and the first trunk electrode 110 is 45°.
  • a second branch electrode 230 is disposed on a side of each first branch electrode 130 away from the opening, and the second branch electrode 230 is parallel to the first branch electrode 130 .
  • the width of the first branch electrode 130 is smaller than the width of the first trunk electrode 110 , the first branch electrode 120 and the first connection electrode 140
  • the width of the second branch electrode 230 is smaller than the width of the first trunk electrode 110 , the first branch electrode 120 and the first connection electrode 140 .
  • the width of the second main electrode 210, the second sub-dry electrode 220 and the second connection electrode 240 is larger than the size of two sub-pixels, that is, the minimum width of the first branch electrode 130 and the second branch electrode 230 are larger than the size of two sub-pixels.
  • the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 are insulated from each other. Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 are located in the same metal layer, and the first backbone electrode 110 includes two first sub-backbone electrodes 111.
  • the first sub-backbone electrodes 111 are respectively disposed on both sides of the second backbone electrode 210, and the two first sub-backbone electrodes 111 are electrically connected to each other through the bridge of the conductive bridge 112, thereby avoiding the An electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 are electrically connected.
  • an insulating layer 500 is disposed between the conductive bridge 112 and the second trunk electrode 210 , and the first sub-trunk electrode 111 passes through the insulating layer 500 and is located below the second trunk electrode 210
  • the conductive bridge 112 is electrically connected.
  • the present invention does not limit the number and structure of the conductive bridges 112. It can adopt a double-bridge structure as shown in Figure 2.
  • the two conductive bridges 112 are independent and not connected to each other.
  • the touch unit 15 has a centrally symmetrical structure, the two conductive bridges 112 are also centrally symmetrical with the symmetry center as the midpoint.
  • the conductive bridge 112 is not an axially symmetrical structure, and includes a first connecting section 112 a and a second connecting section 112 b that are vertically connected.
  • the length of the first connecting section 112 a is longer than that of the third connecting section 112 .
  • the length of the two connecting sections 112b Arranging the two conductive bridges 112 as described above in a centrally symmetrical manner with respect to the symmetry center can reduce the distance between the two conductive bridges 112 and make them less detectable by the human eye, thus providing better optical effects.
  • two first trunk electrodes 110 in two adjacent touch units 15 are electrically connected to each other through a first connection 11A, so that Two adjacent first electrodes 100 are electrically connected to each other, and the two electrically connected first electrodes 100 are centrally symmetrical with the first connection point 11A as the midpoint, and the two adjacent first electrodes 100 in the first direction x are
  • the two second electrodes 200 in the touch unit 15 are insulated from each other, thereby forming a first electrode group 11 extending along the first direction x.
  • two second backbone electrodes 210 in two adjacent touch units 15 are electrically connected to each other through a second connection point 12A, so that two adjacent second electrodes 200 are electrically connected to each other.
  • the two second electrodes 200 that are electrically connected to each other are centrally symmetrical with the second connection point 12A as the midpoint, and two of the two adjacent touch units 15 in the second direction y
  • the first electrodes 100 are insulated from each other, thereby forming a second electrode group 12 extending along the second direction y.
  • the front projected area of a single first connection 11A on the touch substrate 1 is smaller than the front projected area of a single second connection 12A on the touch substrate 1 .
  • the first connection point 11A is directly connected to the two first trunk electrodes 110 in two adjacent touch units 15 .
  • the two first trunk electrodes 110 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first connection point 11A.
  • two adjacent first trunk electrodes 120 that are parallel to the second trunk electrodes 210 and electrically connected to the two first trunk electrodes 110 are also connected to the corresponding first trunk electrodes at the first connection point 11A.
  • Electrode 110 is directly connected.
  • the two primary dry electrodes 120 are also arranged on both sides of the first connection point 11A.
  • the two first trunk electrodes 110 and the two first trunk electrodes 120 that are directly connected to the first connection point 11A are perpendicular to each other and form an electrode pattern with a "cross" shape.
  • the second connection point 12A is directly connected to the two second trunk electrodes 210 in the two adjacent touch units 15 .
  • two second trunk electrodes 210 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second connection point 12A.
  • two adjacent second connection electrodes 240 that are parallel to the first backbone electrode 110 and electrically connected to the two second backbone electrodes 210 are also connected to the corresponding second backbone electrode at the second connection point 12A.
  • 210 direct connection.
  • two second connection electrodes 240 are also arranged on both sides of the second connection point 12A.
  • the two second trunk electrodes 210 and the two second connection electrodes 240 that are directly connected to the second connection point 12A are perpendicular to each other and also form an electrode pattern with a "cross" structure.
  • the first electrode 100 is a driving electrode
  • the second electrode 200 is a sensing electrode.
  • the parasitic capacitance between the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 at the touch point of the finger will increase.
  • the driver chip 13 obtains the pre-touch and touch values.
  • the change in parasitic capacitance is used to detect the specific location touched by the finger. Therefore, when the amount of capacitance change caused by a touch is small, a traditional capacitive touch screen may not be able to accurately detect whether there is a touch input.
  • the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in each area of the touch unit 15 are evenly distributed, interlocked with each other, and surround each other, so that the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in each area of the touch unit 15 are evenly distributed.
  • the second electrode 200 is disposed on one side of each branch electrode of an electrode 100, and the first electrode 100 is also disposed on one side of each branch electrode of the second electrode 200.
  • the facing area between the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 is increased in the space, thereby increasing the parasitic capacitance and variation of the parasitic capacitance between the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200, and reducing the overall touch unit
  • the RC delay in 15 improves the sensitivity of the touch substrate 1 in identifying the touch position and improves the point reporting rate of the touch substrate 1 .
  • the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 are evenly distributed in the touch unit 15 so that the mutual capacitance electric field between the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 is also more distributed. Uniform, thereby improving the detection efficiency and accuracy of the touch substrate 1 when identifying the touch position.
  • each touch unit 15 has virtual electrodes. As shown in Figures 2-4, the virtual electrodes include a first virtual electrode 310, a second virtual electrode 320, a third virtual electrode 330 and a fourth virtual electrode. 340.
  • the two first openings 160 in the first branch pattern 101 and the two third openings 170 in the third branch pattern 103 are each provided with the first dummy electrode 310, and the first The dummy electrode 310 is electrically insulated from the first trunk electrode 110 , the first trunk electrode 120 and the first branch electrode 130 , and is not connected to each other.
  • the second dummy electrodes 320 are provided in the two second openings 260 in the second branch pattern 202 and the two fourth openings 270 in the four-branch pattern.
  • the electrode 320 is electrically insulated from the second backbone electrode 210 , the second backbone electrode 220 and the second branch backbone electrode 230 , and is not connected to each other.
  • the first dummy electrode 310 and the second dummy electrode 320 are respectively consistent with the shapes of the first opening 160 and the second opening 260 . Therefore, in this embodiment of the present invention, the first dummy electrode 310 and the second dummy electrode 320 are dummy electrode patterns with a triangular structure.
  • the third dummy electrode 330 is disposed in the gap 301, and the third dummy electrode 330 and the Electrical insulation is also maintained between the first branch electrode 130 and the second branch electrode 230 .
  • the third virtual electrodes 330 are arranged in an annular array with two second connection centers 250 as center points, and are adjacent to two second connection centers 250 .
  • the three dummy electrodes 330 are perpendicular to each other, thereby forming two "X"-shaped dummy electrode patterns in the first region 15A and the third region 15C respectively.
  • the third virtual electrodes 330 are arranged in an annular array with the two first connection centers 150 as center points, and two adjacent third virtual electrodes 330 are perpendicular to each other, so that two dummy electrode patterns with an "X" shape are also formed in the second region 15B and the fourth region 15D respectively.
  • the virtual electrodes in 15 can also be evenly distributed.
  • the fourth dummy electrode 340 is provided at the edge of the touch unit 15 and is located away from the first branch pattern 101 and the second branch pattern 204 of the third branch pattern 103 and the fourth branch pattern 204 .
  • One side of the branch pattern 202 , and electrical insulation is also maintained between the fourth dummy electrode 340 and the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 .
  • each fourth dummy electrode 340 has a first connection point 11A at one end and a second connection point 12A at the other end.
  • the touch units 15 has two first connections 11A and two second connections 12A, which are respectively located at both ends of the first trunk electrode 110 and the second trunk. both ends of electrode 210.
  • the fourth dummy electrode 340 is formed along the first dry electrode 120 of the third branch pattern 103 from one side of the first connection point 11A.
  • the side of the first connection electrode 140 away from the second branch pattern 202 extends toward the second connection point 12A, forming a vertical angle that fits the first dry electrode 120 and the first connection electrode 140 Structured virtual electrode pattern.
  • the fourth dummy electrode 340 is formed along the second dry electrode 220 of the fourth branch pattern 204 from one side of the first connection point 11A.
  • the side of the second connection electrode 240 away from the first branch pattern 101 extends toward the second connection point 12A, forming a vertical angle that fits the second dry electrode 220 and the second connection electrode 240 Structured virtual electrode pattern.
  • each of the four touch units 15 arranged in an array the four fourth virtual electrodes 340 between two adjacent first connections 11A or two adjacent second connections 12A are connected to each other and spliced to form A virtual electrode pattern with a "cross"-shaped radial structure.
  • Each branch of the radial-structured virtual electrode pattern has a branch electrode in the first electrode 100 and a branch circuit in the second electrode 200 on both sides.
  • the structure of the dummy electrode is the same as that in the first region 15A and the second region 15B.
  • the virtual electrodes in the third area 15C and the virtual electrodes in the first area 15A are centrally symmetrical with the symmetry center as the midpoint
  • the virtual electrodes in the fourth area 15D are centrally symmetrical.
  • the virtual electrode in the second region 15B is centrally symmetrical with the symmetry center as the midpoint.
  • the first dummy electrode 310 and the second dummy electrode 320 are used to reduce the parasitic capacitance of the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 to the cathode in the display panel 1000 .
  • the third dummy electrode 330 is used to increase the parasitic capacitance change between the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 when a finger touches, and further improve the sensitivity of the touch substrate 1 .
  • the fourth dummy electrode 340 is used to electrically isolate the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in two adjacent touch units 15 to prevent short circuit between them, and at the same time, it can also eliminate the interference between adjacent touch units 15 .
  • the parasitic capacitance variation of the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 is used to electrically isolate the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in two adjacent touch units 15 to prevent short circuit between them, and at the same time, it can also eliminate the interference between adjacent touch units 15 .
  • the parasitic capacitance variation of the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 is used to electrically isolate the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in two adjacent touch units 15 to prevent short circuit between them, and at the same time, it can also eliminate the interference between adjacent touch units 15 .
  • the parasitic capacitance variation of the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 is used to electrically isolate the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 in two adjacent touch units 15 to prevent short circuit between them, and at the same time, it can also eliminate the interference between adjacent touch units 15 .
  • the materials of the first electrode 100, the second electrode 200 and the dummy electrode may be metal materials or transparent conductive materials, such as titanium, aluminum, molybdenum, silver, copper, indium tin oxide (ITO) or A kind of aluminum zinc oxide (AZO).
  • metal materials in order to prevent the touch substrate 1 from affecting the light emission of the display panel, the first electrode 100 , the second electrode 200 and the dummy electrode are all metal mesh structures.
  • the orthographic projection of the metal traces 400 in the metal grid structure on the display panel is located between two adjacent light-emitting devices 41 . As shown in FIG.
  • the metal traces 400 in the metal mesh structure are provided with fractures 410 , and multiple fractures can pass between the first electrode 100 , the second electrode 200 and the dummy electrode. 410 maintains electrical insulation. At the same time, retaining the metal grid structure in the virtual electrode can also ensure that the optical transmittance and reflectivity of each area are consistent, preventing the display effect of the display panel from being affected by different light extraction rates.
  • the touch unit 15 when a finger does not touch the touch unit 15, the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200
  • the parasitic capacitance is 0.418pf.
  • the parasitic capacitance of the first electrode 100 and the second electrode 200 is 0.479pf, that is, the first electrode 100 and the second electrode
  • the change in parasitic capacitance of 200 is 0.061pf, that is, the ratio of the change in parasitic capacitance to the parasitic capacitance is 12.73%.
  • the parasitic capacitance of the driving electrode and the sensing electrode in the touch unit is 0.69pf.
  • the parasitic capacitance of the driving electrode and the sensing electrode in the touch unit is 0.74pf, that is, the variation in parasitic capacitance of the driving electrode and the sensing electrode in the touch unit of Comparative Example 1 is 0.05pf, that is, the variation in parasitic capacitance is the same as the parasitic capacitance.
  • the ratio of capacitance can be 6.76%.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a display panel 1000, which can be one of different types of light-emitting display panels 1000 such as OLED display panel 1000, AMOLED display panel 1000, Mini-LED display panel 1000 or Micro-LED display panel 1000.
  • the display panel 1000 includes a substrate layer 2 , an array substrate 3 , a light emitting layer 4 , a thin film encapsulation layer 5 , a polarizer 6 , a cover plate 7 and the touch substrate 1 as described above.
  • the substrate layer 2 , the array substrate 3 , the light-emitting layer 4 and the thin-film encapsulation layer 5 are stacked in sequence, and the touch substrate 1 is disposed on the thin-film encapsulation layer 5 away from the light-emitting layer 4 On the surface.
  • the polarizer 6 and the cover plate 7 are laminated in sequence on a surface of the touch substrate 1 away from the film encapsulation layer 5 .
  • the light-emitting device 41 is located in the light-emitting layer 4 , and the light-emitting device 41 can be an OLED, Mini-LED or Micro-LED or other light-emitting body according to the requirements.
  • the touch substrate and display panel provided in the embodiment of the present invention are evenly distributed, interlocked with each other, and surrounded by branch circuit designs, so that the distribution of the mutual capacitance electric field in each touch unit is more uniform, and in a limited space
  • the facing area between the first electrode and the second electrode is increased, thereby increasing the change in parasitic capacitance of the first electrode and the second electrode after a touch occurs, effectively reducing the RC delay in the touch unit, thereby improving The sensitivity and accuracy of the touch substrate when identifying the touch position.

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Abstract

一种触控基板（1）及显示面板。触控基板（1）包括多个触控单元（15），每一触控单元（15）包含相互电性绝缘设置的第一电极（100）和第二电极（200）。第一电极（100）包括沿第一方向延伸的第一主干电极（110）以及分别设于第一主干电极（110）两侧的至少一第一分支图案（101）和至少一第三分支图案（103）。第二电极（200）包括沿垂直于第一方向的第二方向延伸的第二主干电极（210）以及分别设于第二主干电极（210）两侧的至少一第二分支图案（202）和至少一第四分支图案（204）。在第二方向上，第一分支图案（101）和第二分支图案（202）分别以一第一连接中心（150）和一第二连接中心（250）为中点向两侧扩散。第三分支图案（103）包围第二分支图案（202），第四分支图案（204）包围第一分支图案（101）。

Description

触控基板及显示面板 技术领域
本发明涉及显示设备领域，特别是一种触控基板及显示面板。
背景技术
电容式触摸屏由于其高耐久性，长寿命，并且支持多点触控的功能，广泛应用于各种电子交互场景设备中。电容式触摸屏，通过检测手指触摸位置处电容量的变化，来检测手指触摸的具体位置。因此，当触摸时引起的电容变化量较小时，传统的电容式触摸屏可能无法准确检测到是否有触摸输入。由于触摸屏的结构设计方案是检测电容改变量非常重要的因素，因此开发出一种能够检测较小电容改变量的触摸屏设计方案将是非常有必要的。
目前针对柔性AMOLED(Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有源矩阵有机发光二极体)显示屏，其触控电极图案通常需要直接制作在薄膜封装层上表面，然而由于封装层较薄(通常厚度约为10um)，因此该触控电极与阴极之间的距离小，从而导致TX(驱动电极)/RX(感应电极)与阴极之间的寄生电容较大，进而导致RC延迟较大，降低触控灵敏度。并且，目前的柔性AMOLED显示屏中触控电极的材质通常为镂空的金属网格材质，其导电面积相对传统的整面透明ITO材质的触控电极，其实际有效导电电极面积较小，因此触控电极TX与RX之间的互容感应量非常小，导致手指触摸时，引起的电容变化量更小，不容易被触控芯片检测到。
技术问题
本发明的目的是提供一种触控基板及显示面板，以解决现有技术中触控电极与阴极之间的寄生电容较大，从而导致触控基板的灵敏度和精准度降低的问题。
技术解决方案
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种触控基板，所述触控基板包括多个触控单元，每一所述触控单元包含相互电性绝缘设置的第一电极和第二电极。
所述第一电极包括沿第一方向延伸的第一主干电极以及分别设于所述第一主干电极两侧的至少一第一分支图案和至少一第三分支图案。所述第二电极 包括沿垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向延伸的第二主干电极以及分别设于所述第二主干电极两侧的至少一第二分支图案和至少一第四分支图案。
在所述第二方向上，所述第一分支图案以一第一连接中心为中点向所述第一连接中心的两侧扩散，所述第二分支图案以一第二连接中心为中点向所述第二连接中点的两侧扩散。在所述第一方向上，所述第三分支图案以所述第二连接中心为中点向所述第二连接中点的两侧扩散，并包围所述第二分支图案；所述第四分支图案以所述第一连接中心为中点向所述第一连接中心的两侧扩散，并包围所述第一分支图案。
进一步地，在一所述触控单元中，所述第一电极的面积等于所述第二电极的面积。
进一步地，所述第一电极还包括第一次干电极和第一支干电极。所述第一次干电极平行于所述第二主干电极，并与所述第一主干电极电连接。所述第一支干电极设于所述第一主干电极和所述第一次干电极一侧。
所述第二电极还包括第二次干电极和第二支干电极。所述第二次干电极平行于所述第一主干电极，并与所述第二主干电极电连接。所述第二支干电极设于所述第二主干电极和所述第二次干电极一侧。
所述触控单元为中心对称结构，其具有一对称中心。所述第一主干电极、所述第一次干电极和所述第一支干电极以所述对称中心为中点形成风车状结构。所述第二主干电极、所述第二次干电极和所述第二支干电极以所述对称中心为中点形成风车状结构。所述第一电极中风车状结构的方向与所述第二电极中风车状结构的方向相反。
进一步地，所述第一主干电极远离所述第一连接中心的一侧设有一所述第二次干电极。所述第二主干电极靠近所述第二连接中心的一侧设有一所述第一次干电极。
进一步地，所述触控单元具有阵列排布的第一区、第二区、第三区和第四区。在所述第一方向上，所述第一区与所述第四区连接，所述第二区与所述第三区连接。在所述第二方向上，所述第一区与所述第二区连接，所述第三区与所述第四区连接。所述第一区、所述第二区、所述第三区和所述第四区的共同连接点为所述触控单元的对称中心。其中，所述第一区和所述第四区中都具有所述第一分支图案和所述第四分支图案，所述第二区和所述第三区中都具有所 述第二分支图案和所述第三分支图案。
进一步地，所述第一分支图案包括多个所述第一支干电极和所述第一次干电极。所述第一支干电极与所述第一连接中心连接的多个第一支干电极。所述第一次干电极设于所述第一分支图案远离所述第一主干电极的一侧，并平行于所述第一主干电极。在所述第一分支图案中，位于所述第一连接中心靠近所述第一主干电极一侧的所述第一支干电极与所述第一主干电极电连接，位于第一连接中心远离所述第一主干电极一侧的所述第一支干电极与第一次干电极电连接。
所述第三分支图案包括多个所述第一支干电极、多个所述第一次干电极和第一连接电极。所述第一支干电极设于所述第二连接中心的两侧，并与所述第二连接中心电性绝缘。所述第一次干电极分别设于所述第四分支图案靠近所述第二主干电极的一侧和所述第四分支图案远离所述第二主干电极的一侧，并平行于所述第二主干电极。所述第一连接电极电连接所述第一次干电极，并位于所述第三分支图案远离所述第一主干电极的一侧。在所述第三分支图案中，所述第一支干电极远离所述第二连接中心的一端与所述第一次干电极电连接，远离所述第二主干电极的所述第一次干电极与所述第一主干电极电连接。
进一步地，在所述第一分支图案中，所述第一支干电极与所述第一主干电极和所述第一次干电极分别围绕出至少一第一开口。在所述第三分支图案中，所述第一支干电极与所述第一次干电极围绕出至少一第三开口。所述第一开口和所述第三开口中均设有第一虚拟电极，所述第一虚拟电极与所述第一电极电性绝缘。
进一步地，所述第二分支图案包括多个所述第二支干电极和多个所述第二次干电极。所述第二支干电极与所述第二连接中心连接。所述第二次干电极分别设于所述第二分支图案靠近所述第一主干电极的一侧和所述第二分支图案远离所述第一主干电极的一侧，并平行于所述第一主干电极。在所述第二分支图案中，所述第二支干电极远离所述第二连接中心的一端与所述第二次干电极电连接，靠近所述第一主干电极的所述第二次干电极与所述第二主干电极电连接。
所述第四分支图案包括多个所述第二支干电极、所述第二次干电极和第二连接电极。所述第二支干电极设于所述第一连接中心的两侧，并与所述第一连 接中心电性绝缘。所述第二次干电极设于所述第四分支图案远离所述第二主干电极的一侧，并平行于所述第二主干电极。第二连接电极电连接所述第二主干电极和所述第二次干电极，并位于所述第一分支图案远离所述第一主干电极的一侧。在所述第四分支图案中，位于所述第一连接中心靠近所述第二主干电极一侧的所述第二支干电极与所述第二主干电极连接，位于所述第一连接中心远离所述第二主干电极一侧的第二支干电极与所述第二次干电极电连接。
进一步地，在所述第二分支图案中，所述第二支干电极与所述第二次干电极围绕出至少一第二开口。在所述第四分支图案中，所述第二支干电极与所述第二主干电极和所述第二次干电极分别围绕出至少一第四开口。所述第二开口和所述第四开口中均设有第二虚拟电极，所述第二虚拟电极与所述第二电极电性绝缘。
进一步地，所述第一支干电极的至少一侧设有一所述第二支干电极，相邻的所述第一支干电极与所述第二支干电极之间具有一空隙，所述空隙中设有第三虚拟电极，所述第三虚拟电极与所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间电性绝缘。
进一步地，所述触控基板还包括多个第一电极组和多个第二电极组。所述第一电极组沿所述第二方向排列，并沿所述第一方向延伸。所述第二电极组沿所述第一方向排列，并沿所述第二方向延伸。
所述触控单元阵列排布在所述触控基板中。在所述第一方向上，相邻两个所述触控单元中的所述第一电极互相电连接，多个相互电连接的所述第一电极组合成一所述第一电极组。在所述第二方向上，相邻两个所述触控单元中的所述第二电极互相电连接，多个互相电连接的所述第二电极组合成一所述第二电极组。
进一步地，在所述第一电极组中，相邻的两个所述第一电极之间通过一第一连接处互相电连接，且所述第一连接处两侧的所述第一电极以所述第一连接处的为中心点呈中心对称。在所述第二电极组中，相邻的两个所述第二电极之间通过一第二连接处互相电连接，且所述第二连接处两侧的所述第二电极以所述第二连接处的为中心点呈中心对称。其中，所述第一连接处的面积小于所述第二连接处的面积。
进一步地，至少两个所述第一主干电极和至少两个所述第一次干电极与所 述第一连接处直接连接，并形成“十”字状结构。至少两个所述第二主干电极和至少两个第二连接电极与所述第二连接处直接连接，并形成“十”字状结构。
进一步地，所述触控单元还包含第四虚拟电极，所述第四虚拟电极设于所述触控单元的边缘处，并位于所述第三分支图案和所述第四分支图案远离所述第一分支图案和所述第二分支图案的一侧，所述第四虚拟电极与所述第一电极和所述第二电极电性绝缘。
进一步地，在每一所述触控单元中，相邻两个所述第四虚拟电极之间具有一所述第一连接处或一所述第二连接处，且所述第四虚拟电极的一端具有一所述第一连接处，其另一端具有一所述第二连接处。每四个阵列排布的所述触控单元中，相邻两个所述第一连接处或相邻两个所述第二连接处之间的四个所述第四虚拟电极互相连接并形成放射状结构。
进一步地，所述第一主干电极包括两个第一子主干电极，所述第一子主干电极分别位于所述第二主干电极的两侧，并通过至少一导电桥桥接。
进一步地，所述导电桥包括垂直连接一第一连接段和一第二连接段，所述第二连接段的长度小于所述第一连接段的长度。
进一步地，所述第一电极和所述第二电极中分支电极的宽度最小值大于两个子像素的尺寸。
进一步地，所述第一电极和所述第二电极由金属网格或透明导电材料构成。
本发明中还提供一种显示面板，所述显示面板包括如上所述的触控基板。
有益效果
本发明的优点是：本发明的一种触摸基板及显示面板，通过均匀分布且互相咬合、互相包围分支电路设计，使每一个触控单元中互容电场的分布更加均匀，并在有限的空间里增加了第一电极与第二电极之间的正对面积，从而增加第一电极与第二电极在发生触控后的寄生电容的变化量，有效降低了触控单元中的RC延迟，进而提高触控基板识别触摸位置时的灵敏度和精准度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明 的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例中触控基板的架构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中触控单元的平面示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中第二区中触控单元中放大示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中第一区中触控单元中放大示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中导电桥的层状结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中导电桥的平面结构示意图
图7为本发明实施例中阵列排布的4个触控单元的平面示意图；
图8为本发明实施例中金属走线与发光器件之间层状示意图；
图9为本发明实施例中金属网格结构的平面示意图；
图10为本发明实施例中显示面板的层状结构示意图。
图中部件表示如下：
第一方向x；                第二方向y；
触控基板1；                触控区1A；
非触控区1B；               第一电极组11；
第一连接处11A；            第二电极组12；
第二连接处12A；            驱动芯片13；
信号走线14；               触控单元15；
第一区15A；                第二区15B；
第三区15C；                第四区15D；
第一电极100；              第一分支图案101；
第三分支图案103；          第一主干电极110；
第一子主干电极111；        导电桥112；
第一连接段112a；           第二连接段112b；
第一次干电极120；          第一支干电极130；
第一连接电极140；          第一连接中心150；
第一开口160；              第三开口170；
第二电极200；              第二分支图案202；
第四分支图案204；          第二主干电极210；
第二次干电极220；          第二支干电极230；
第二连接电极240；          第二连接中心250；
第二开口260；              第四开口270；
空隙301；                  第一虚拟电极310；
第二虚拟电极320；          第三虚拟电极330；
第四虚拟电极340；          金属走线400；
断口410；                  绝缘层500；
显示面板1000；             衬底层2；
阵列基板3；                发光层4；
发光器件41；               薄膜封装层5；
偏光片6；                  盖板7。
本发明的实施方式
以下参考说明书附图介绍本发明的优选实施例，证明本发明可以实施，所述发明实施例可以向本领域中的技术人员完整介绍本发明，使其技术内容更加清楚和便于理解。本发明可以通过许多不同形式的发明实施例来得以体现，本发明的保护范围并非仅限于文中提到的实施例。
在附图中，结构相同的部件以相同数字标号表示，各处结构或功能相似的组件以相似数字标号表示。附图所示的每一部件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的，本发明并没有限定每个组件的尺寸和厚度。为了使图示更清晰，附图中有些地方适当夸大了部件的厚度。
此外，以下各发明实施例的说明是参考附加的图示，用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定发明实施例。本发明中所提到的方向用语，例如，“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”、“侧面”等，仅是参考附加图式的方向，因此，使用的方向用语是为了更好、更清楚地说明及理解本发明，而不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
当某些部件被描述为“在”另一部件“上”时，所述部件可以直接置于所述另一部件上；也可以存在一中间部件，所述部件置于所述中间部件上，且所 述中间部件置于另一部件上。当一个部件被描述为“安装至”或“连接至”另一部件时，二者可以理解为直接“安装”或“连接”，或者一个部件通过一中间部件间接“安装至”、或“连接至”另一个部件。
本发明实施例中提供了一种触控基板1，如图1所示，所述触控基板1具有一触控区1A以及与所述触控区1A连接的非触控区1B。
在所述触控区1A中，所述触控基板1包括多条第一电极组11和多条第二电极组12。所述第一电极组11沿第一方向x延伸并沿第二方向y排列，每条第一电极组11中具有多个互相电连接的第一电极100。所述第二电极组12沿第二方向y延伸并沿第一方向x排列，每条第二电极组12中具有多个互相电连接的第二电极200。其中，所述第一方向x垂直于所述第二方向y，从而使所述第一电极组11与所述第二电极组12相交，并且所述第一电极组11与所述第二电极组12之间互相绝缘设置。
在所述非触控区1B中，所述触控基板1包括多条信号走线14，所述信号走线14用于将所述第一电极组11和所述第二电极组12与驱动芯片13电连接，从而将触控区1A中所产生的电容数据传输给所述驱动芯片13进行处理，进而产生触控信号。其中，每一条信号走线14与一所述第一电极组11或一所述第二电极组12电连接，从而将每一行和每一列电极组中的所产生的电容数据都能传输给所述驱动芯片13。
在相交的一所述第一电极组11和一所述第二电极组12中，相交位置处的第一电极100与对应交叉设置的第二电极200形成一触控单元15。多条所述第一电极组11与多条第二电极组12之间相交形成多个所述触控单元15，多个所述触控单元15沿所述第一方向x和所述第二方向y阵列排布在所述触控基板1中。每一触控单元15中均设有所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200，并且每一触控单元15中所述第一电极100的面积等于所述第二电极200的面积，促使每一触控单元15中的第一电极100与第二电极200之间能够均匀分布。
如图2所示，所述触控单元15具有阵列排布的4个矩形区域，所述矩形区域分别为第一区15A、第二区15B、第三区15C以及第四区15D。在所述第一方向x上，所述第一区15A与所述第四区15D连接，所述第二区15B与所述第三区15C连接。在所述第二方向y上，所述第一区15A与所述第二区15B连接， 所述第三区15C与所述第四区15D连接。所述第一区15A、所述第二区15B、所述第三区15C和所述第四区15D的共同连接点为所述触控单元15的对称中心，所述触控单元15中的第一电极100和第二电极200以所述对称中心为中点呈中心对称。
其中，所述第一区15A中的第一电极100和第二电极200与所述第三区15C中的第一电极100和第二电极200以所述对称中心为中心点呈中心对称，所述第二区15B中的第一电极100和第二电极200与所述第四区15D中的第一电极100和第二电极200以所述对称中心为中心点呈中心对称。
如图2所示，所述第一电极100中包括一第一主干电极110以及设于所述第一主干电极110两侧的第一分支图案101和第三分支图案103，所述第二电极200中包括一第二主干电极210以及设于所述第二主干电极210两侧的第二分支图案202和第四分支图案204。其中，所述第一主干电极110平行于所述第一方向x，所述第二主干电极210平行于所述第二方向y，所述第一主干电极110与所述第二主干电极210的交点对应于所述对称中心。所述第一分支图案101和所述第四分支图案204位于所述第二区15B和所述第四区15D中，所述第二分支图案202和所述第三分支图案103位于所述第一区15A和所述第三区15C中。
如图3所示，在所述第二区15B中，所述第一分支图案101沿所述第二方向y延伸，其具有一第一次干电极120、四个第一支干电极130以及一第一连接中心150。所述第一次干电极120设于所述第一分支图案101远离所述第一主干电极110的一侧，并平行于所述第一主干电极110。所述第一连接中心150对应于所述第二区15B的中心点，所述第一支干电极130均匀设于所述第一连接中心150的两侧。
其中，两个所述第一支干电极130设于所述第一连接中心150靠近所述第一主干电极110的一侧，另两个所述第一支干电极130设于所述第一连接中心150远离所述第一主干电极110的一侧。位于所述第一连接中心150同一侧的两个第一支干电极130之间互相垂直相交，并且其相交处与所述第一连接中心150连接，从而使所述第一分支图案101在所述第二方向y上形成以所述第一连接中心150为中点向所述第一连接中心150两侧扩散延伸的结构。位于所述第一连接中心150靠近所述第一主干电极110一侧的第一支干电极130与所述 第一主干电极110电连接，并与所述第一主干电极110围绕出一三角形的第一开口160。位于所述第一连接中心150远离所述第一主干电极110一侧的第一支干电极130和第一次干电极120互相电连接，并也围绕出一三角形的第一开口160。
如图3所示，在所述第二区15B中，所述第四分支图案204沿所示第一方向x延伸，其具有一第二次干电极220、四个第二支干电极230以及一第二连接电极240。所述第二次干电极220设于所述第四分支图案204远离所述第二主干电极210的一侧，并平行于所述第二主干电极210。所述第二支干电极230均匀设于所述第一连接中心150的两侧。所述第二连接电极240电连接所述第二主干电极210和所述第二次干电极220。
其中，两个所述第二支干电极230设于所述第一连接中心150靠近所述第二主干电极210的一侧，另两个所述第二支干电极230设于所述第一连接中心150远离所述第二主干电极210的一侧。位于所述第一连接中心150同一侧的两个第二支干电极230之间互相垂直相交，其相交处与所述第一连接中心150部分重合，但与所述第一连接中心150保持电性绝缘，从而使所述第四分支图案204在第一方向x上形成以所述第一连接中心150为中点向所述第一连接中心150两侧扩散延伸的结构。位于所述第一连接中心150靠近所述第二主干电极210一侧的第二支干电极230与所述第二主干电极210电连接，并与所述第二主干电极210围绕出一三角形的第四开口270。位于所述第一连接中心150远离所述第二主干电极210一侧的第二支干电极230和第二次干电极220互相电连接，并也围绕出一三角形的第四开口270。所述第二连接电极240设于所述第四分支图案204与远离所述第一主干电极110的一侧，并平行于所述第一主干电极110。
在所述第二区15B中，在所述第二主干电极210、所述第二次干电极220和所述第二连接电极240包围所述第一分支图案101。
如图4所示，在所述第一区15A中，所述第二分支图案202沿所述第二方向y延伸。所述第二分支图案202中具有第二次干电极220和第二支干电极230，并且所述第二分支图案202中的第二次干电极220与第二支干电极230所形成的电极图案与所述第二区15B中的第一分支图案101为轴对称结构。具体的，所述第二分支图案202中包括两个所述第二次干电极220、四个所述第 二支干电极230以及一第二连接中心250。所述第二连接中心250对应于所述第一区15A的中心点，所述第二支干电极230均匀设于所述第二连接中心250的两侧。所述第二次干电极220设于所述第二分支图案202的两侧，并平行于所述第一主干电极110，所述第二支干电极230远离所述第二连接中心250的一端与所述第二次干电极220电连接。靠近所述第一主干电极110的一所述第二次干电极220与所述第二主干电极210电连接。
其中，两个所述第二支干电极230设于所述第二连接中心250靠近所述第一主干电极110的一侧，另两个所述第二支干电极230设于所述第二连接中心250远离所述第一主干电极110的一侧。位于所述第二连接中心250同一侧的两个第二支干电极230之间互相垂直相交，并且其相交处与所述第二连接中心250连接，从而使所述第二分支图案202在所述第二方向y上形成以所述第二连接中心250为中点向所述第二连接中心250两侧扩散延伸的结构。位于所述第二连接中心250靠近所述第一主干电极110一侧的第二次干电极220和第二支干电极230互相电连接，并围绕出一三角形的第二开口260。位于所述第二连接中心250远离所述第一主干电极110一侧的第二次干电极220和第二支干电极230互相电连接，并也围绕出一三角形的第二开口260。
如图4所示，在所述第一区15A中，所述第三分支图案103沿所述第一方向x延伸，其包括两个第一次干电极120、四个第一支干电极130以及一第一连接电极140。所述第一次干电极120设于所述第四分支图案204的两侧，并平行于所述第二主干电极210。远离所述第二主干电极210的一所述第一次干电极120与所述第一主干电极110电连接。所述第一支干电极130均匀设于所述第二连接中心250的两侧，其远离所述第二连接中心250的一端与所述第一次干电极120电连接。所述第一连接电极140的两端分别与一所述第一次干电极120电连接。
其中，两个所述第一支干电极130设于所述第一连接中心150靠近所述第二主干电极210的一侧，另两个所述第一支干电极130设于所述第二连接中心250远离所述第二主干电极210的一侧。位于所述第二连接中心250同一侧的两个第一支干电极130之间互相垂直相交，其相交处与所述第二连接中心250部分重合，但与所述第二连接中心250保持电性绝缘，从而使所述第三分支图案103在第一方向x上形成以所述第二连接中心250为中点向所述第二连接中 心250两侧扩散延伸的结构。位于所述第二连接中心250靠近所述第二主干电极210一侧的第一次干电极120和所述第一支干电极130互相电连接，并围绕出一三角形的第三开口170。位于所述第二连接中心250远离所述第二主干电极210一侧的第一次干电极120和第一支干电极130互相电连接，并也围绕出一三角形的第三开口170。所述第一连接电极140设于所述第三分支图案103与远离所述第一主干电极110的一侧，并平行于所述第一主干电极110。
在所述第一区15A中，在所述第一主干电极110、所述第一次干电极120和所述第一连接电极140包围所述第二分支图案202。
如图2所示，根据几何对称原理，所述第三区15C中所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200的结构与所述第一区15A中的结构相同，并以所述对称中心为中点呈中心对称；所述第四区15D中所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200的结构与所述第二区15B中的结构相同，并也以所述对称中心为中点呈中心对称。
其中，所述第一主干电极110、靠近所述第二主干电极210且平行于所述第二主干电极210的第一次干电极120以及设于上述第一主干电极110和第一次干电极120一侧的第一支干电极130以所述对称中心为中点形成风车状结构，该风车状结构中的第一支干电极130均以逆时针方向分布。所述第二主干电极210、靠近所述第一主干电极110且平行于所述第一主干电极110的第二次干电极220以及设于上述第二主干电极210和第二次干电极220一侧的第二支干电极230以所述对称中心为中点形成风车状结构，该跟车结构中的第二支干电极230均以顺时针方向分布。
在同一触控单元15中，所述第一电极100中风车状结构的中心点与所述第二电极200中风车状结构的中心点均与所述对称中心重合，促使所述第一电极100中的风车状结构与所述第二电极200中的风车状结构互相交叉且相互契合，组合成一四边形结构，进而在所述第一区15A和所述第二区15B中使所述第一主干电极110远离所述第一连接中心150的一侧设有一所述第二次干电极220。同样的，在所述第一区15A和所述第四区15D中，也使所述第二主干电极210靠近所述第二连接中心250的一侧设有一所述第一次干电极120。并且在风车状结构所组合形成的四边形结构中，其两条对角线分别与所述第一主干电极110和第二主干电极210重合。交叉且契合的两个风车状结构使每一个第 一开口160结构的两侧都设有所述第二开口260结构，也使每一个第二开口260结构的两侧都设有所述第一开口160结构，进而促使所述第一电极100与所述第二电极200分布更加均匀，且覆盖面积更大，减少识别死角，提高触控灵敏度。
进一步地，在所述触控单元15中，所述第一支干电极130倾斜于所述第一主干电极110，并形成一第一夹角，所述第一夹角大于0°并小于90°。优选的，所述第一支干电极130与所述第一主干电极110之间的第一夹角为45°。每一所述第一支干电极130远离开口的一侧均设有一所述第二支干电极230，并且所述第二支干电极230平行于所述第一支干电极130。所述第一支干电极130的宽度小于所述第一主干电极110、所述第一次干电极120以及所述第一连接电极140的宽度，所述第二支干电极230的宽度小于所述第二主干电极210、所述第二次干电极220以及所述第二连接电极240的宽度。并且，所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200中分支电极的最小宽度均大于两个子像素的尺寸，即所述第一支干电极130和所述第二支干电极230的最小宽度均大于两个子像素的尺寸。
所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200之间互相绝缘设置。具体的，如图2和图5所示，所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200位于同一层金属层中，所述第一主干电极110包括两个第一子主干电极111，两个所述第一子主干电极111分别设于所述第二主干电极210的两侧，并且两个第一子主干电极111之间通过导电桥112的桥接而相互电连接，从而避免所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200之间电连接。其中，所述导电桥112与所述第二主干电极210之间设有一绝缘层500，所述第一子主干电极111穿过所述绝缘层500与所述位于所述第二主干电极210下方的导电桥112电连接。
本发明对导电桥112的数量和结构的并没有做出限定，其可以采用如图2中所示的双桥结构，两个导电桥112是独立的，相互之间并没有连接。并且，由于所述触控单元15为中心对称结构，所以两个导电桥112之间也以所述对称中心为中点呈中心对称。具体的，如图6所示，所述导电桥112并非轴对称结构，其包括垂直连接一第一连接段112a和一第二连接段112b，所述第一连接段112a的长度大于所述第二连接段112b的长度。将两个如上所述的导电桥112以所述对称中心呈中心对称式设置，能够缩小两个导电桥112之间的距离， 更不易被人眼发觉，对于光学效果更优。
进一步地，如图7所示，在所述第一方向x上，相邻两个所述触控单元15中的两个第一主干电极110通过一第一连接处11A互相电连接，使相邻的两个第一电极100互相电连接，并且互相电连接的两个第一电极100以所述第一连接处11A为中点呈中心对称，而所述第一方向x上相邻两个所述触控单元15中的两个第二电极200之间互相绝缘设置，从而形成沿所述第一方向x延伸的第一电极组11。在所述第二方向y上，相邻两个所述触控单元15中的两个第二主干电极210通过一第二连接处12A互相电连接，使相邻的两个第二电极200互相电连接，并且互相电连接的两个第二电极200以所述第二连接处12A为中点呈中心对称，而所述第二方向y上相邻两个所述触控单元15中的两个第一电极100之间互相绝缘设置，从而形成沿所述第二方向y延伸的第二电极组12。其中，单个第一连接处11A在所述触控基板1上的正投影面积小于单个第二连接处12A在所述触控基板1上的正投影面积。
如图7所示，所述第一连接处11A与相邻两个触控单元15中的两个第一主干电极110直接连接。并且，在所述第一方向x上，两个第一主干电极110分别排列在所述第一连接处11A的两侧。同时，平行于所述第二主干电极210且与上述两个第一主干电极110电连接的两个相邻的第一次干电极120也在所述第一连接处11A与对应的第一主干电极110直接连接。并且，在所述第二方向y上，两个第一次干电极120也分别排列在所述第一连接处11A的两侧。进一步地，与所述第一连接处11A直接连接的两个第一主干电极110和两个第一次干电极120互相垂直，并形成“十”字状结构的电极图案。
所述第二连接处12A与相邻两个触控单元15中的两个第二主干电极210直接连接。并且，在所述第二方向y上，两个第二主干电极210分别排列在所述第二连接处12A的两侧。同时，平行于所述第一主干电极110且与上述两个第二主干电极210电连接的两个相邻的第二连接电极240也在所述第二连接处12A与对应的第二主干电极210直接连接。并且，在所述第一方向x上，两个第二连接电极240也分别排列在所述第二连接处12A的两侧。进一步地，与所述第二连接处12A直接连接的两个第二主干电极210和两个第二连接电极240互相垂直，并也形成“十”字状结构的电极图案。
在本发明实施例中，所述第一电极100为驱动电极，所述第二电极200为 感应电极。当手指触摸了设有本发明实施例中触控基板1的显示装置时，手指触摸处的第一电极100与第二电极200之间的寄生电容会增加，驱动芯片13通过获取触摸前和触摸后寄生电容的变化量来检测手指触摸的具体位置。因此，当触摸时引起的电容变化量较小时，传统的电容式触摸屏可能无法准确检测到是否有触摸输入。
但在本发明实施例中，如图2所示，所述触控单元15的每一区域中的第一电极100和第二电极200都均匀分布且互相咬合、互相包围，从而使所述第一电极100中每一个分支电极的一侧均设有所述第二电极200，同时也使所述第二电极200中每一个分支电极的一侧设有所述第一电极100，在有限的空间里增加了第一电极100与第二电极200之间正对面积，从而增加所述第一电极100与所述第二电极200之间的寄生电容以及寄生电容变化量，降低整个触控单元15中的RC延迟，提高所述触控基板1的识别触摸位置时的灵敏度，提升所述触控基板1的报点率。
同时，所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200均匀的分布在所述触控单元15中使所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200之间的互容电场也分布的更加均匀，从而提高所述触控基板1识别触摸位置时的检测效率和精准度。
进一步地，每一触控单元15中均具有虚拟电极，如图2-4所示，所述虚拟电极包括第一虚拟电极310、第二虚拟电极320、第三虚拟电极330以及第四虚拟电极340。
所述第一分支图案101中的两个所述第一开口160和所述第三分支图案103中的两个第三开口170中均设有所述第一虚拟电极310，并且所述第一虚拟电极310与所述第一主干电极110、所述第一次干电极120和所述第一支干电极130之间均电性绝缘，彼此不连接。
所述第二分支图案202中的两个所述第二开口260和所述四分支图案中的两个所述第四开口270中均设有所述第二虚拟电极320，所述第二虚拟电极320与所述第二主干电极210、所述第二次干电极220和所述第二支干电极230之间均电性绝缘，彼此不连接。
所述第一虚拟电极310和所述第二虚拟电极320分别与所述第一开口160和所述第二开口260的形状相吻合。因此，在本发明实施例中，所述第一虚拟电极310和所述第二虚拟电极320为三角形结构的虚拟电极图案。
所述第一支干电极130与所述第二支干电极230之间具有一空隙301，所述第三虚拟电极330设于所述空隙301中，并且所述第三虚拟电极330与所述第一支干电极130和所述第二支干电极230之间也保持电性绝缘。
在所述触控单元15的第一区15A和第三区15C中，所述第三虚拟电极330分别以两个第二连接中心250为中心点呈环形阵列排布，并且相邻两个第三虚拟电极330之间互相垂直，从而在所述第一区15A和所述第三区15C中分别形成两个“X”状结构的虚拟电极图案。同样的，在第二区15B和第四区15D中，所述第三虚拟电极330分别以两个第一连接中心150为中心点呈环形阵列排布，且相邻两个第三虚拟电极330之间互相垂直，从而在所述第二区15B和所述第四区15D中也分别形成两个“X”状结构的虚拟电极图案。并且，在所述触控单元15的每一矩形区域中，互相垂直的两个第三虚拟电极330之间具有一第一虚拟电极310或一第二虚拟电极320，从而使所述触控单元15中的虚拟电极也能均匀分布。
所述第四虚拟电极340则设于所述触控单元15的边缘处，并位于所述第三分支图案103和所述第四分支图案204远离所述第一分支图案101和所述第二分支图案202的一侧，并且所述第四虚拟电极340与所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200之间也保持电性绝缘。
如图4和图7所示，在所述触控单元15中，相邻两个所述第四虚拟电极340之间具有一第一连接处11A或一第二连接处12A。每一第四虚拟电极340的一端具有一所述第一连接处11A，其另一端具有一第二连接处12A。
具体的，在一所述触控单元15中，其具有两个第一连接处11A和两个第二连接处12A，分别位与所述第一主干电极110的两端和所述第二主干电极210的两端。
在所述第二区15B和所述第四区15D中，所述第四虚拟电极340便从所述第一连接处11A的一侧沿所述第三分支图案103的第一次干电极120和第一连接电极140远离所述第二分支图案202的一侧向所述第二连接处12A延伸，形成与所述第一次干电极120和所述第一连接电极140相契合的垂直角形结构的虚拟电极图案。
在所述第一区15A和所述第三区15C中，所述第四虚拟电极340便从所述第一连接处11A的一侧沿所述第四分支图案204的第二次干电极220和第二连 接电极240远离所述第一分支图案101的一侧向所述第二连接处12A延伸，形成与所述第二次干电极220和所述第二连接电极240相契合的垂直角形结构的虚拟电极图案。
每四个阵列排布的所述触控单元15中，相邻两个第一连接处11A或相邻两个第二连接处12A之间的四个第四虚拟电极340互相连接，并拼接成“十”字形放射状结构的虚拟电极图案。所述放射状结构的虚拟电极图案的每一个分支的两侧分别具有一第一电极100中的分支电极和一第二电极200中的分支电路。
如图2所示，在所述第三区15C和所述第四区15D中，所述虚拟电极的结构与所述第一区15A和所述第二区15B中的结构相同。并且，根据几何对称原理，所述第三区15C中的虚拟电极与所述第一区15A中的虚拟电极以所述对称中心为中点呈中心对称，所述第四区15D中的虚拟电极则与所述第二区15B中的虚拟电极以所述对称中心为中点呈中心对称。
所述第一虚拟电极310、所述第二虚拟电极320、所述第三虚拟电极330和所述第四虚拟电极340中均不加载电信号。其中，所述第一虚拟电极310和第二虚拟电极320用于减小第一电极100和第二电极200对显示面板1000中阴极的寄生电容。所述第三虚拟电极330用于增大手指触摸时第一电极100与第二电极200之间的寄生电容变化量，进一步提高所述触控基板1的灵敏度。所述第四虚拟电极340用于电性隔绝相邻两个触控单元15中的第一电极100和第二电极200，防止彼此之间短路，同时也能消除相邻触控单元15之间第一电极100与第二电极200的寄生电容变化量。
进一步地，所述第一电极100、所述第二电极200以及所述虚拟电极的材料可以为金属材料或透明导电材料，例如钛、铝、钼、银、铜、氧化铟锡(ITO)或氧化锌铝(AZO)中的一种。当采用金属材料时，为防止触控基板1影响显示面板的出光，所述第一电极100、所述第二电极200以及所述虚拟电极均为金属网格结构。并且，如图8所示，所述金属网格结构中的金属走线400在所述显示面板上的正投影位于相邻两个发光器件41之间。如图9所示，所述金属网格状结构中的金属走线400上设有断口410，所述第一电极100、所述第二电极200和所述虚拟电极之间可以通过多个断口410保持电性绝缘。同时，保留虚拟电极中的金属网格结构还能保证各区域的光学透过率和反射率一致， 避免由于出光率不同而影响显示面板的显示效果。
具体的，针对对比例1(常规的触控单元)和本发明实施例中所提供的触控单元15在相同的通电环境下进行了实验，并获得了如表1中所示的相关数据。
Figure PCTCN2022101677-appb-000001
表1
基于表1中的内容可知，对于本发明实施例中所提供的触控单元15而言，当手指未触摸所述触控单元15时，所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200的寄生电容为0.418pf，当手指触摸所述触控单元15时，所述第一电极100和 所述第二电极200的寄生电容为0.479pf，即所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200的寄生电容变化量为0.061pf，即寄生电容变化量与寄生电容的比值为12.73％。
对于对比例1中的触控单元而言，当手指未触摸所述触控单元时，该触控单元中的驱动电极和感应电极的寄生电容为0.69pf，当手指触摸所述触控单元时，该触控单元中的驱动电极和感应电极的寄生电容为0.74pf，即对比例1的触控单元中的驱动电极和感应电极的寄生电容变化量为0.05pf，即寄生电容变化量与寄生电容的比值可以为6.76％。
综上所述，采用如图2所示的方式设置的所述触控单元15，相对于对比例1中的触控单元，当手指触摸时，驱动电极和感应电极的寄生电容可以降低0.261pf，驱动电极和感应电极的寄生电容变化量可以增大0.011pf。因此，本方案可以实现所述第一电极100和所述第二电极200具有较小的寄生电容和较大的寄生电容变化量，以此提高寄生电容的变化量与寄生电容的比值，进而提高所述触控基板1的触控精准度及灵敏度。
本发明实施例中还提供一种显示面板1000，其可以为OLED显示面板1000、AMOLED显示面板1000、Mini-LED显示面板1000或Micro-LED显示面板1000等不同类型发光显示面板1000中的一种。如图10所示，所述显示面板1000包括衬底层2、阵列基板3、发光层4、薄膜封装层5、偏光片6、盖板7以及如上所述触控基板1。所述衬底层2、所述阵列基板3、所述发光层4以及所述薄膜封装层5依次叠层设置，所述触控基板1设于所述薄膜封装层5远离所述发光层4的一表面上。所述偏光片6和所述盖板7依次叠层设于所述触控基板1远离所述薄膜封装层5的一表面上。其中，所述发光器件41位于所述发光层4中，所述发光器件41根据需求可以选用OLED、Mini-LED或Micro-LED等发光体。
本发明实施例中所提供的一种触摸基板及显示面板，通过均匀分布且互相咬合、互相包围分支电路设计，使每一个触控单元中互容电场的分布更加均匀，并在有限的空间里增加了第一电极与第二电极之间的正对面积，从而增加第一电极与第二电极在发生触控后的寄生电容的变化量，有效降低了触控单元中的RC延迟，进而提高触控基板识别触摸位置时的灵敏度和精准度。
虽然在本文中参照了特定的实施方式来描述本发明，但是应该理解的是， 这些实施例仅仅是本发明的原理和应用的示例。因此应该理解的是，可以对示例性的实施例进行许多修改，并且可以设计出其他的布置，只要不偏离所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围。应该理解的是，可以通过不同于原始权利要求所描述的方式来结合不同的从属权利要求和本文中所述的特征。还可以理解的是，结合单独实施例所描述的特征可以使用在其他所述实施例中。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种触控基板，其包括多个触控单元，每一所述触控单元包含相互电性绝缘设置的第一电极和第二电极；
    所述第一电极包括：
    第一主干电极，沿第一方向延伸；
    所述第一主干电极的两侧分别设有至少一第一分支图案和至少一第三分支图案；
    所述第二电极包括：
    第二主干电极，沿垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向延伸；
    所述第二主干电极的两侧分别设有至少一第二分支图案和至少一第四分支图案；
    在所述第二方向上，所述第一分支图案以一第一连接中心为中点向所述第一连接中心的两侧扩散，所述第二分支图案以一第二连接中心为中点向所述第二连接中点的两侧扩散；
    在所述第一方向上，所述第三分支图案以所述第二连接中心为中点向所述第二连接中点的两侧扩散，并包围所述第二分支图案；所述第四分支图案以所述第一连接中心为中点向所述第一连接中心的两侧扩散，并包围所述第一分支图案。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的触控基板，其中，在一所述触控单元中，所述第一电极的面积等于所述第二电极的面积。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的触控基板，其中，
    所述第一电极还包括：
    第一次干电极，平行于所述第二主干电极，并与所述第一主干电极电连接：
    第一支干电极，设于所述第一主干电极和所述第一次干电极一侧；
    所述第二电极还包括：
    第二次干电极，平行于所述第一主干电极，并与所述第二主干电极电连接：
    第二支干电极，设于所述第二主干电极和所述第二次干电极一侧；
    所述触控单元为中心对称结构，其具有一对称中心；
    所述第一主干电极、所述第一次干电极和所述第一支干电极以所述对称中心为中点形成风车状结构；
    所述第二主干电极、所述第二次干电极和所述第二支干电极以所述对称中心为中点形成风车状结构；
    所述第一电极中风车状结构的方向与所述第二电极中风车状结构的方向相反。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的触控基板，其中，
    所述第一主干电极远离所述第一连接中心的一侧设有一所述第二次干电极；
    所述第二主干电极靠近所述第二连接中心的一侧设有一所述第一次干电极。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的触控基板，其中，所述触控单元具有阵列排布的第一区、第二区、第三区和第四区；
    在所述第一方向上，所述第一区与所述第四区连接，所述第二区与所述第三区连接；
    在所述第二方向上，所述第一区与所述第二区连接，所述第三区与所述第四区连接；
    所述第一区、所述第二区、所述第三区和所述第四区的共同连接点为所述触控单元的对称中心；
    其中，所述第一区和所述第四区中都具有所述第一分支图案和所述第四分支图案，所述第二区和所述第三区中都具有所述第二分支图案和所述第三分支图案。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的触控基板，其中，
    所述第一分支图案包括：
    多个所述第一支干电极，与所述第一连接中心连接；
    所述第一次干电极，设于所述第一分支图案远离所述第一主干电极的一侧，并平行于所述第一主干电极；
    在所述第一分支图案中，位于所述第一连接中心靠近所述第一主干电极一侧的所述第一支干电极与所述第一主干电极电连接，位于第一连接中心远离所述第一主干电极一侧的所述第一支干电极与第一次干电极电连接；
    所述第三分支图案包括：
    多个所述第一支干电极，设于所述第二连接中心的两侧，并与所述第二连 接中心电性绝缘；
    多个所述第一次干电极，分别设于所述第四分支图案靠近所述第二主干电极的一侧和所述第四分支图案远离所述第二主干电极的一侧，并平行于所述第二主干电极；
    第一连接电极，电连接所述第一次干电极，并位于所述第三分支图案远离所述第一主干电极的一侧；
    在所述第三分支图案中，所述第一支干电极远离所述第二连接中心的一端与所述第一次干电极电连接，远离所述第二主干电极的所述第一次干电极与所述第一主干电极电连接。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的触控基板，其中，
    在所述第一分支图案中，所述第一支干电极与所述第一主干电极和所述第一次干电极分别围绕出至少一第一开口；
    在所述第三分支图案中，所述第一支干电极与所述第一次干电极围绕出至少一第三开口；
    所述第一开口和所述第三开口中均设有第一虚拟电极，所述第一虚拟电极与所述第一电极电性绝缘。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的触控基板，其中，
    所述第二分支图案包括：
    多个所述第二支干电极，与所述第二连接中心连接；
    多个所述第二次干电极，分别设于所述第二分支图案靠近所述第一主干电极的一侧和所述第二分支图案远离所述第一主干电极的一侧，并平行于所述第一主干电极；
    在所述第二分支图案中，所述第二支干电极远离所述第二连接中心的一端与所述第二次干电极电连接，靠近所述第一主干电极的所述第二次干电极与所述第二主干电极电连接；
    所述第四分支图案包括：
    多个所述第二支干电极，设于所述第一连接中心的两侧，并与所述第一连接中心电性绝缘；
    所述第二次干电极，设于所述第四分支图案远离所述第二主干电极的一侧，并平行于所述第二主干电极；
    第二连接电极，电连接所述第二主干电极和所述第二次干电极，并位于所述第一分支图案远离所述第一主干电极的一侧；
    在所述第四分支图案中，位于所述第一连接中心靠近所述第二主干电极一侧的所述第二支干电极与所述第二主干电极连接，位于所述第一连接中心远离所述第二主干电极一侧的第二支干电极与所述第二次干电极电连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的触控基板，其中，
    在所述第二分支图案中，所述第二支干电极与所述第二次干电极围绕出至少一第二开口；
    在所述第四分支图案中，所述第二支干电极与所述第二主干电极和所述第二次干电极分别围绕出至少一第四开口；
    所述第二开口和所述第四开口中均设有第二虚拟电极，所述第二虚拟电极与所述第二电极电性绝缘。
  10. 如权利要求3所述的触控基板，其中，所述第一支干电极的至少一侧设有一所述第二支干电极，相邻的所述第一支干电极与所述第二支干电极之间具有一空隙，所述空隙中设有第三虚拟电极，所述第三虚拟电极与所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间电性绝缘。
  11. 如权利要求3所述的触控基板，其还包括：
    多个第一电极组，沿所述第二方向排列，并沿所述第一方向延伸；
    多个第二电极组，沿所述第一方向排列，并沿所述第二方向延伸；
    所述触控单元阵列排布在所述触控基板中；
    在所述第一方向上，相邻两个所述触控单元中的所述第一电极互相电连接，多个相互电连接的所述第一电极组合成一所述第一电极组；
    在所述第二方向上，相邻两个所述触控单元中的所述第二电极互相电连接，多个互相电连接的所述第二电极组合成一所述第二电极组。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的触控基板，其中，
    在所述第一电极组中，相邻的两个所述第一电极之间通过一第一连接处互相电连接，且所述第一连接处两侧的所述第一电极以所述第一连接处的为中心点呈中心对称；
    在所述第二电极组中，相邻的两个所述第二电极之间通过一第二连接处互相电连接，且所述第二连接处两侧的所述第二电极以所述第二连接处的为中心 点呈中心对称；
    其中，所述第一连接处的面积小于所述第二连接处的面积。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的触控基板，其中，
    至少两个所述第一主干电极和至少两个所述第一次干电极与所述第一连接处直接连接，并形成“十”字状结构；
    至少两个所述第二主干电极和至少两个第二连接电极与所述第二连接处直接连接，并形成“十”字状结构。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的触控基板，其中，所述触控单元还包含：
    第四虚拟电极，设于所述触控单元的边缘处，并位于所述第三分支图案和所述第四分支图案远离所述第一分支图案和所述第二分支图案的一侧，所述第四虚拟电极与所述第一电极和所述第二电极电性绝缘。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的触控基板，其中，
    在每一所述触控单元中，相邻两个所述第四虚拟电极之间具有一所述第一连接处或一所述第二连接处，且所述第四虚拟电极的一端具有一所述第一连接处，其另一端具有一所述第二连接处；
    每四个阵列排布的所述触控单元中，相邻两个所述第一连接处或相邻两个所述第二连接处之间的四个所述第四虚拟电极互相连接，并形成放射状结构。
  16. 如权利要求1所述的触控基板，其中，所述第一主干电极包括两个第一子主干电极，所述第一子主干电极分别位于所述第二主干电极的两侧，并通过至少一导电桥桥接。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的触控基板，其中，所述导电桥包括垂直连接一第一连接段和一第二连接段，所述第二连接段的长度小于所述第一连接段的长度。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的触控基板，其中，所述第一电极和所述第二电极中分支电极的宽度最小值大于两个子像素的尺寸。
  19. 如权利要求1所述的触控基板，其中，所述第一电极和所述第二电极由金属网格或透明导电材料构成。
  20. 一种显示面板，其包括如权利要求1所述的触控基板。
PCT/CN2022/101677 2022-06-09 2022-06-27 触控基板及显示面板 WO2023236275A1 (zh)

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CN111736736A (zh) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-02 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 触控组件及触控显示装置
CN113741728A (zh) * 2021-08-19 2021-12-03 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 触控面板和移动终端

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