WO2023233980A1 - 熱延鋼板、角形鋼管、それらの製造方法および建築構造物 - Google Patents

熱延鋼板、角形鋼管、それらの製造方法および建築構造物 Download PDF

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WO2023233980A1
WO2023233980A1 PCT/JP2023/018030 JP2023018030W WO2023233980A1 WO 2023233980 A1 WO2023233980 A1 WO 2023233980A1 JP 2023018030 W JP2023018030 W JP 2023018030W WO 2023233980 A1 WO2023233980 A1 WO 2023233980A1
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less
hot
temperature
rolled steel
steel
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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直道 岩田
晃英 松本
信介 井手
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Priority to CN202380041674.3A priority Critical patent/CN119173647A/zh
Priority to JP2023547358A priority patent/JP7424551B1/ja
Priority to KR1020247038702A priority patent/KR20250004851A/ko
Publication of WO2023233980A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023233980A1/ja
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/009—Pearlite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hot-rolled steel sheet and a square steel pipe (square column) manufactured from the hot-rolled steel sheet by cold roll forming.
  • the present invention relates to square steel pipes suitably used as structural members of large buildings.
  • the present invention relates to a building structure obtained using this square steel pipe.
  • buildings building structural members used in large buildings
  • buildings such as factories, warehouses, and commercial facilities
  • buildings are becoming stronger and stronger in order to reduce construction costs through weight reduction.
  • square steel pipes square columns
  • high strength is required in the flat plate part.
  • square steel pipes used for building structural members are also required to have excellent toughness from the perspective of earthquake resistance.
  • Square steel pipes are generally made from hot-rolled steel plates (hot-rolled steel strips) or thick steel plates, and are produced by cold-forming this material.
  • Examples of the cold forming method include a cold press bending method and a cold roll forming method.
  • Square steel pipes manufactured by roll-forming materials are cold-roll-formed hot-rolled steel sheets to form cylindrical open pipes, and the butt parts are electrically welded. Weld. After that, the cylindrical open tube (round steel tube) is compressed by several percent in the axial direction using rolls placed on the top, bottom, left and right of the open tube, and then formed into a square shape to produce a square steel tube.
  • square steel pipes manufactured by press-bending materials are made by cold press-bending thick steel plates to create a rectangular cross-sectional shape (square shape). ) or U-shaped, and these are manufactured by joining them by submerged arc welding.
  • the method for manufacturing roll-formed square steel pipes has the advantage of higher productivity and can be manufactured in a shorter period of time.
  • the flat plate part is not cold-formed and only the corners are work-hardened
  • roll-formed square steel pipes especially when cold-forming into a cylindrical shape, the entire circumference of the steel pipe is hardened. A large machining strain is introduced in the axial direction. Therefore, roll-formed square steel pipes have a problem in that not only the corners but also the flat plate parts have a high yield ratio in the tube axis direction and low toughness.
  • Patent Document 1 states that the carbon content is 0.20% or less by weight, Mn: 0.40 to 0.90%, and Nb: 0.005 to 0.040%. % and Ti: 0.005 to 0.050%.
  • a steel material containing one or two of Ti: 0.005 to 0.050% is rolled at a rolling reduction rate of 55% or more in the non-recrystallization temperature range, a rolling end temperature of 730 to 830 °C, and a coiling temperature of 550 °C.
  • Patent Document 2 describes that steel containing C: 0.07 to 0.18% and Mn: 0.3 to 1.5% in mass % is heated to a heating temperature of 1100 to 1300°C, and then rough rolled. Finishing temperature: 1150 to 950°C Rough rolling and finishing rolling start temperature: 1100 to 850°C Finish rolling finishing temperature: 900 to 750°C After finish rolling, the cooling stop temperature is 550°C or higher at the surface temperature. Primary cooling that cools the plate so that By applying tertiary cooling to 650°C or less and setting the frequency of the second phase included in the steel structure to 0.20 to 0.42, it exhibits a low yield ratio of 80% or less at a test temperature of 0°C. Square steel pipes have been proposed that have mechanical properties such that the absorbed energy in the Charpy impact test is 150 J or more.
  • Patent Document 3 describes that steel containing C: 0.07 to 0.18% and Mn: 0.3 to 1.5% in mass% is heated to a heating temperature of 1100 to 1300°C, and then roughened. Rolling end temperature: 1150 to 950°C Rough rolling and finish rolling start temperature: 1100 to 850°C, finish rolling end temperature: 900 to 750°C After finish rolling, the surface temperature is 750 to 650°C.
  • the average cooling rate in the temperature range of 750 to 650°C at the center of the plate is 4 to
  • the mechanical property exhibits a low yield ratio of 80% or less and has an absorbed energy of 150 J or more in the Charpy impact test at a test temperature of 0°C.
  • Square steel pipes with characteristics have been proposed.
  • Patent Document 4 describes, in mass %, C: 0.07 to 0.20%, Mn: 0.3 to 2.0%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.015% or less, Al: After heating the steel to a heating temperature of 1100 to 1300°C, it is then rough rolled. Finishing temperature: 1150 to 950°C Rough rolling and finish rolling start temperature: 1100 to 850°C Finish rolling end temperature: 900 to 750°C After finish rolling, start cooling and stop cooling at the center temperature of the plate. Cooling is performed to a cooling stop temperature of 580°C or less at a cooling rate with an average cooling rate of 4 to 25°C/s.
  • a cooling process is performed at least once, and then winding is performed at a winding temperature of 580°C or less, followed by cooling, which changes the steel structure at the center of the plate thickness into a main phase consisting of ferrite, pearlite, and pseudo-pearlite. and a second phase consisting of one or more selected from upper bainite and having an area ratio of 8 to 20%, and the average grain size of the steel structure including the main phase and the second phase is 7.
  • the steel structure on the front and back surfaces of the plate is single phase ferrite or single phase bainitic ferrite, the average grain size is 2 ⁇ 20 ⁇ m, exhibiting a low yield ratio of 90% or less, and the test temperature: Square steel pipes have been proposed that have mechanical properties such that the absorbed energy in the Charpy impact test at 0° C. is 27 J or more.
  • the hot-rolled steel sheet used as the raw material needs to have a steel structure that suppresses the increase in yield ratio during forming, and excellent low-temperature toughness that can withstand deterioration of toughness due to large working strains.
  • the square steel pipes manufactured by the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 mentioned above have a problem in that the yield ratio becomes high and a yield ratio of 90% or less cannot be satisfied, especially when the plate thickness exceeds 25 mm. be.
  • the present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a hot-rolled steel plate with high yield strength and tensile strength, a low yield ratio, and excellent low-temperature toughness, a square steel pipe using the hot-rolled steel plate, and a rectangular steel pipe using the hot-rolled steel plate.
  • the present invention aims to provide a manufacturing method and a building structure using the square steel pipe.
  • (1) high yield strength, (2) high tensile strength, and (3) low yield ratio mean JIS No. 5 tensile test piece taken so that the tensile direction is parallel to the rolling direction.
  • (1) the yield strength is 250 MPa or more
  • (2) the tensile strength is 400 MPa or more
  • (3) the yield ratio is Indicates that it is 0.75 or less.
  • excellent low-temperature toughness means that the longitudinal direction of the test piece is parallel to the rolling direction at the t/2 position (center of the plate thickness) of the plate thickness t, in accordance with the regulations of JIS Z 2242 (2016).
  • the rectangular steel pipe in the present invention refers to a flat plate part that is measured by a tensile test in accordance with the provisions of JIS Z 2241 (2011) using a JIS No. 5 tensile test piece taken so that the tensile direction is parallel to the pipe axis direction.
  • the yield strength in the flat plate part is 295 MPa or more, the tensile strength in the flat plate part is 400 MPa or more, and the yield ratio in the flat plate part is 0.90 or less, and in accordance with the provisions of JIS Z 2242 (2018), Using a V-notch standard test piece taken at the t/4 position of the wall thickness t from , with the longitudinal direction of the test piece parallel to the tube axis direction, test temperature: -60°C, -40°C, -20°C, Charpy impact test is conducted at 0°C and +20°C, and the Charpy absorbed energy of the flat plate part at -20°C is 40 J or more, and the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the flat plate part is -5°C or less.
  • the present inventors conducted extensive studies to solve the above problems. As a result, the following findings (1) to (3) were obtained.
  • the C content In order for the hot rolled steel sheet to satisfy the yield strength and tensile strength targeted by the present invention, the C content must be 0.07% by mass or more. Furthermore, the main structure (main phase) in the center of the thickness of the hot rolled steel sheet and on the front and back surfaces of the sheet must be ferrite.
  • the hot-rolled steel sheet must contain pearlite, pseudo-pearlite, and It has a second phase consisting of one or more types selected from bainite, the total area ratio of pearlite and pseudo pearlite is 6 to 25%, the area ratio of upper bainite is 5% or less, and the center of the plate thickness In, when a region surrounded by a boundary where the orientation difference between adjacent crystals is 15° or more is defined as a crystal grain, the average crystal grain size of the steel structure including the main phase and the second phase is 10.0 to 30.0 ⁇ m.
  • the area ratio of crystal grains with a circular equivalent diameter of 40.0 ⁇ m or more is 20% or less
  • the number of crystal grains with a ratio of major axis to minor axis is 3.0 or more.
  • 30 pieces/mm 2 or less, and the difference in hardness between a position 1.0 mm inside the plate thickness direction from the front and back surfaces of the plate and the center of the plate thickness must be 40 HV or less.
  • %Mn and %Si are the contents (mass%) of each element.
  • Yield strength is 250 MPa or more, The tensile strength is 400 MPa or more, The yield ratio is 0.75 or less, Charpy absorbed energy at -20°C is 100 J or more,
  • a method for producing a square steel pipe comprising obtaining a square steel pipe by cold roll forming the hot rolled steel sheet according to any one of [1] to [4] above.
  • a hot-rolled steel plate with high yield strength and tensile strength, a low yield ratio, and excellent low-temperature toughness, a square steel pipe using the hot-rolled steel plate, a manufacturing method thereof, and a building using the square steel pipe A structure is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a building structure using the square steel pipe of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the sampling positions of flat plate tensile test pieces carried out in the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the sampling positions of Charpy test pieces carried out in the present invention.
  • the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention has, in mass %, C: 0.07% or more and 0.20% or less, Si: 0.40% or less, Mn: 0.20% or more and 1.00% or less, P: 0. 100% or less, S: 0.050% or less, Al: 0.005% or more and 0.100% or less, N: 0.0100% or less, and the content of Mn and Si satisfies the following formula (1).
  • the balance has a composition consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities
  • the steel structure at the center of the plate thickness and on the front and back surfaces of the plate has a main phase consisting of ferrite and a total area ratio of pearlite and pseudo-pearlite of 6 to 25. % and a second phase in which the area ratio of upper bainite is 5% or less, and in the center of the plate thickness, the area surrounded by boundaries where the orientation difference between adjacent crystals is 15° or more is considered to be a crystal grain.
  • the average crystal grain size of the steel structure at the center of the plate thickness is 10.0 to 30.0 ⁇ m, and the crystal grains having a circular equivalent diameter of 40.0 ⁇ m or more are relative to the entire steel structure at the center of the plate thickness.
  • hot-rolled steel sheets, and hot-rolled steel strips are 1.0 ⁇ %Mn/%Si ⁇ 3.5 (1)
  • %Mn and %Si are the contents (mass%) of each element.
  • C 0.07% or more and 0.20% or less
  • C is an element that increases the strength of steel through solid solution strengthening. Further, C is an element that contributes to the formation of pearlite and pseudo-pearlite, which are one of the second phases.
  • it is necessary to contain 0.07% or more of C.
  • the C content is set to 0.07% or more and 0.20% or less.
  • the C content is preferably 0.08% or more, more preferably 0.10% or more. Further, the C content is preferably 0.18% or less, more preferably 0.17% or less.
  • Si 0.40% or less
  • Si is an element that increases the strength of steel through solid solution strengthening, and can be included as necessary. In order to obtain such an effect, it is desirable to contain 0.01% or more of Si. However, when the Si content exceeds 0.40%, oxides are likely to be generated in the electric resistance welded part, and the properties of the welded part are deteriorated. Furthermore, the toughness of the base material other than the electric resistance welded portion also decreases. Therefore, the Si content is set to 0.40% or less.
  • the Si content is preferably 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.05% or more. Further, the Si content is preferably 0.37% or less, more preferably 0.35% or less.
  • Mn 0.20% or more and 1.00% or less
  • Mn is an element that increases the strength of steel through solid solution strengthening. Furthermore, Mn is an element that contributes to the refinement of the structure by lowering the ferrite transformation start temperature. In order to ensure the strength and structure targeted by the present invention, it is necessary to contain 0.20% or more of Mn. However, when the Mn content exceeds 1.00%, the yield ratio exceeds 0.90 because the amount of bainite produced becomes too large, making it impossible to obtain the desired yield ratio. Furthermore, if the Mn content exceeds 1.00%, the hardness of the center segregation area increases, which may cause cracking during welding. Therefore, the Mn content is set to 0.20% or more and 1.00% or less. The Mn content is preferably 0.25% or more, more preferably 0.30% or more. Further, the Mn content is preferably 0.95% or less, more preferably 0.90% or less.
  • the P content is set within a range of 0.100% or less.
  • the P content is preferably 0.030% or less, more preferably 0.020% or less.
  • P it is preferable that P be 0.002% or more, since excessive reduction will lead to a rise in smelting costs.
  • S 0.050% or less S usually exists as MnS in steel, but MnS is stretched thin during the hot rolling process and has a negative effect on ductility. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to reduce S as much as possible, but up to 0.050% is allowable. Therefore, the S content is set to 0.050% or less.
  • the S content is preferably 0.015% or less, more preferably 0.010% or less, even more preferably 0.008% or less. Although there is no particular lower limit for S, it is preferable for S to be 0.001% or more, since excessive reduction will lead to a rise in smelting costs.
  • Al 0.005% or more and 0.100% or less
  • Al is an element that acts as a strong deoxidizing agent. In order to obtain such an effect, it is necessary to contain 0.005% or more of Al. However, when the Al content exceeds 0.100%, weldability deteriorates, alumina-based inclusions increase, and the surface quality deteriorates. Moreover, the toughness of the welded part also decreases. Therefore, the Al content is set to 0.005% or more and 0.100% or less.
  • the Al content is preferably 0.010% or more, more preferably 0.015% or more. Further, the Al content is preferably 0.070% or less, more preferably 0.050% or less.
  • N is an unavoidable impurity, and is an element that has the effect of reducing toughness by firmly fixing the movement of dislocations.
  • the N content is set to 0.0100% or less.
  • the N content is preferably 0.0080% or less, more preferably 0.0040% or less, even more preferably 0.0035% or less. Note that excessive reduction causes a rise in smelting costs, so the N content is preferably 0.0010% or more, more preferably 0.0015% or more.
  • %Mn and %Si are the contents (mass%) of each element.
  • the contents of Mn and Si be within the ranges described above, and that the formula (1) satisfies 1.0 ⁇ %Mn/%Si ⁇ 3.5.
  • %Mn/%Si is preferably 1.2 or more, more preferably 1.4 or more.
  • %Mn/%Si is preferably 3.2 or less, more preferably 3.0 or less.
  • O oxygen
  • the remainder is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
  • O oxygen
  • Nb more than 0% and less than 0.005%
  • Ti more than 0% and less than 0.005%
  • V more than 0% and less than 0.01%
  • Cr more than 0% and less than 0.01%
  • Mo more than 0% and less than 0.01%
  • Cu more than 0% and less than 0.01%
  • Ni more than 0% and less than 0.01%
  • Ca more than 0% and less than 0.0005%
  • B more than 0% and less than 0.0003% are treated as inevitable impurities.
  • Nb 0.005% or more and 0.020% or less
  • Ti 0.005% or more and 0.020% or less
  • V 0.01% or more and 0.10% or less
  • Cr 0.01% or more and 0.50%
  • Mo 0.01% to 0.50%
  • Cu 0.01% to 0.30%
  • Ni 0.01% to 0.30%
  • Ca 0.0005% to 0.
  • B One or more types selected from 0.0003% or more and 0.0100% or less
  • Nb 0.005% or more and 0.020% or less
  • Ti 0.005% or more and 0.020% or less
  • Nb and Ti form fine carbides and nitrides in steel and improve the strength of steel through precipitation strengthening. It is a contributing element. In order to obtain such an effect, when Nb is contained, it is contained in an amount of 0.005% or more. Moreover, when containing Ti, it contains 0.005% or more of Ti. On the other hand, if the content of each of Nb and Ti exceeds 0.020%, coarse carbides and nitrides may be formed, leading to a decrease in toughness.
  • Nb when Nb is contained, the Nb content is 0.005% or more and 0.020% or less, and when Ti is contained, the Ti content is 0.005% or more and 0.020% or less.
  • Nb and Ti are preferably 0.007% or more, more preferably 0.009% or more. Further, each of Nb and Ti is preferably 0.018% or less, more preferably 0.016% or less.
  • V 0.01% or more and 0.10% or less
  • Cr 0.01% or more and 0.50% or less
  • Mo 0.01% or more and 0.50% or less
  • V, Cr, and Mo improve the hardenability of steel. It is an element that increases the strength of steel, and can be included as necessary.
  • the V content when containing V, Cr, and Mo, the V content should be 0.01% or more, the Cr content should be 0.01% or more, and the Mo content should be 0.01%.
  • the V content is 0.02% or more
  • the Cr content is 0.05% or more
  • the Mo content is 0.05% or more
  • the V content is 0.03% or more.
  • the Cr content is 0.08% or more, and the Mo content is 0.08% or more.
  • excessive content may lead to a decrease in toughness and deterioration in weldability. Therefore, when containing V, Cr, and Mo, the V content should be 0.10% or less, the Cr content should be 0.50% or less, and the Mo content should be 0.50% or less.
  • the V content is 0.08% or less, the Cr content is 0.40% or less, the Mo content is 0.40% or less, and more preferably the V content is 0.07%. %, the Cr content is 0.35% or less, and the Mo content is 0.35% or less.
  • Cu and Ni are elements that increase the strength of steel through solid solution strengthening, and are included as necessary. be able to.
  • the Cu content is set to 0.01% or more, and the Ni content is set to 0.01% or more.
  • the Cu content is 0.02% or more, and the Ni content is 0.02% or more. More preferably, the Cu content is 0.10% or more, and the Ni content is 0.10% or more.
  • excessive content may lead to a decrease in toughness and deterioration in weldability.
  • the Cu content is set to 0.30% or less, and the Ni content is set to 0.30% or less.
  • the Cu content is 0.20% or less, and the Ni content is 0.20% or less. More preferably, the Cu content is 0.15% or less, and the Ni content is 0.15% or less.
  • Ca 0.0005% or more and 0.0100% or less
  • Ca is an element that contributes to improving the toughness of steel by spheroidizing sulfides such as MnS that are thinly stretched in the hot rolling process. Can be included.
  • it is preferable to contain 0.0005% or more of Ca.
  • the Ca content exceeds 0.0100%, Ca oxide clusters are formed in the steel, which may deteriorate the toughness. Therefore, when Ca is contained, the Ca content is preferably 0.0100% or less.
  • the Ca content is preferably 0.0005% or more. More preferably, the Ca content is 0.0010% or more. Preferably, the Ca content is 0.0050% or less.
  • B 0.0003% or more and 0.0100% or less
  • B is an element that contributes to refinement of the structure by lowering the ferrite transformation start temperature.
  • B when B is contained, it is preferable to contain 0.0003% or more of B.
  • the B content exceeds 0.0100%, the yield ratio may increase. Therefore, when B is contained, it is preferably 0.0100% or less. More preferably, the B content is 0.0005% or more. Preferably, the B content is 0.0050% or less.
  • the steel structure at the center of the sheet thickness and on the front and back surfaces of the sheet has a main phase consisting of ferrite, a total area ratio of pearlite and pseudo pearlite of 6 to 25%, and an area ratio of upper bainite of 5%.
  • the difference in hardness between a position 1.0 mm inside in the thickness direction and the center of the thickness is 40 HV or less.
  • the equivalent circle diameter is the diameter of a circle having the same area as the target crystal grain.
  • the steel structure targets the center of the thickness of the hot-rolled steel sheet and the surface of the sheet (front and back surfaces of the sheet).
  • the plate surface is defined as a position within 1.0 mm from the surface of the steel plate in the plate thickness direction.
  • Ferrite Ferrite is a soft structure, and is used as the main phase in the present invention in order to obtain the desired yield strength and low yield ratio.
  • the area ratio of ferrite is 70% or more, more preferably 72% or more.
  • the area ratio of ferrite exceeds 94%, the strength decreases, and desired yield strength and tensile strength may not be obtained. Therefore, preferably, the area ratio of ferrite is 94% or less, and more preferably, the area ratio of ferrite is 92% or less.
  • Total area ratio of pearlite and pseudo-pearlite 6 to 25%, area ratio of upper bainite: 5% or less
  • Pearlite and pseudo-pearlite are hard structures, and are used to increase the strength of steel and obtain a low yield ratio. It is the most important steel structure.
  • the total area ratio of pearlite and pseudo-pearlite be 6% or more. This total area ratio is preferably 7% or more, more preferably 9% or more. If the area ratio of pearlite and pseudo-pearlite exceeds 25%, toughness may deteriorate. Therefore, the total area ratio of pearlite and pseudo-pearlite needs to be 25% or less. This total area ratio is preferably 23% or less, more preferably 21% or less.
  • the area ratio of pseudo pearlite is 5% or more.
  • the yield ratio can be suppressed to a low level when a square steel pipe is manufactured, so that better earthquake resistance can be obtained.
  • the area ratio of pseudo pearlite is preferably 15% or less.
  • Upper bainite is a structure with hardness intermediate between ferrite and pearlite, and increases the strength of steel. However, if the area ratio of upper bainite exceeds 5%, the low yield ratio targeted by the present invention cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is necessary that the area ratio of upper bainite is 5% or less. Preferably it is 4% or less. Upper bainite may be 0%.
  • the average crystal grain size of the steel structure at the center of the plate thickness is 10.
  • the steel structure of the present invention has a soft structure and a hard structure in order to obtain the low yield ratio, yield strength, and tensile strength that are aimed at in the present invention.
  • composite structure steel has poor toughness compared to single structure steel. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to achieve both the above-mentioned mechanical properties and excellent toughness, when a region surrounded by a boundary with a crystal orientation difference of 15° or more is defined as a crystal grain, a steel structure including a main phase and a second phase.
  • the crystal grain size, the area ratio of coarse crystal grains, and the number of elongated crystal grains are defined. If the average grain size (equivalent circle diameter) of the steel structure including the main phase and the second phase is less than 10.0 ⁇ m, the yield ratio increases and the yield ratio targeted by the present invention cannot be obtained.
  • the average grain size of the steel structure including the main phase and the second phase exceeds 30.0 ⁇ m, toughness deteriorates. Therefore, it is necessary that the average grain size of the steel structure including the main phase and the second phase is 10.0 to 30.0 ⁇ m. Preferably it is 11.0 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 12.5 ⁇ m or more. Further, the average crystal grain size is preferably 28.0 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 26.0 ⁇ m or less. However, even if the average crystal grain size is within the range of 10.0 to 30.0 ⁇ m, there are cases where the yield ratio and Charpy absorbed energy targeted by the present invention cannot be obtained.
  • crystal orientation difference can be measured by the SEM/EBSD method. Here, it can be measured by the method described below.
  • the position at the center in the width direction of the hot rolled steel plate and the plate thickness t/2 (t: plate thickness) (the center of the plate thickness in the present invention) and the plate surface (back surface of the steel plate (lower surface during hot rolling)) ) Take the test piece from the position.
  • the observation surface is made to be a cross section in the rolling direction during hot rolling, and after polishing, nital corrosion is performed.
  • Microstructure observation was performed using an optical microscope (magnification: 1000x) or a scanning electron microscope (SEM, magnification: 1000x) at the thickness t/2 position (center of thickness) of the hot rolled steel sheet and the back surface of the steel sheet (plate thickness center). Observe and image the tissue on the surface. The area ratios of ferrite, pearlite, pseudo pearlite, and upper bainite are determined from the obtained optical microscope image and SEM image.
  • the area ratio of each tissue is observed in 5 fields of view and calculated as the average value of the values obtained in each field of view.
  • the area ratio obtained by tissue observation is defined as the area ratio of each tissue.
  • the area ratio of ferrite, pearlite, pseudo pearlite, and upper bainite is calculated by calculating the area of each phase by distinguishing each phase by the shape and color shown below using an optical microscope image or SEM image. Calculate the area percentage of each phase by dividing by the total area of the image.
  • ferrite is a product of diffusion transformation, and exhibits a nearly recovered structure with a low dislocation density.
  • This includes polygonal ferrite and pseudopolygonal ferrite.
  • Pearlite is a structure in which cementite and ferrite are arranged in layers
  • pseudo-pearlite is a structure in which cementite arranged in dots in ferrite is confirmed.
  • upper bainite is a multi-phase structure of lath-like ferrite and cementite with a high dislocation density.
  • ferrite is white
  • pearlite is black
  • pseudo pearlite is black or gray
  • upper bainite is white or gray.
  • the average crystal grain size (average equivalent circular diameter) is measured using the SEM/EBSD method at the plate thickness t/2 position (plate thickness center).
  • the grain size is determined by determining the orientation difference between adjacent grains, and measuring boundaries where the orientation difference is 15° or more as grain boundaries.
  • the grain size (equivalent circle diameter) of each crystal grain is calculated from the obtained grain boundaries, and the arithmetic mean thereof is determined to be the average grain size (average equivalent circle diameter).
  • the area of crystal grains with an equivalent circle diameter of 40.0 ⁇ m or more can be calculated. Calculate the rate.
  • the major axis and minor axis can be calculated.
  • the number of crystal grains having a diameter ratio of 3.0 or more (number/mm 2 ) is calculated.
  • crystal grains having a diameter of less than 2.0 ⁇ m are excluded from the analysis target as measurement noise.
  • Difference in hardness between the position 1.0 mm inside in the thickness direction from the front and back surfaces of the sheet and the center of the sheet thickness 40 HV or less
  • the difference in hardness from the center part is 40 HV or less. If the difference in hardness between a position 1.0 mm inside the plate thickness direction from the front and back surfaces of the plate and the center of the plate thickness exceeds 40 HV, when manufacturing a square steel pipe, the yield ratio of the flat plate part of the square steel pipe must be 0.90. There is a risk that it will be exceeded. In addition, toughness may deteriorate in some cases.
  • the difference in hardness between a position 1.0 mm inside in the thickness direction from the front and back surfaces of the plate and the center of the plate thickness is preferably 35 HV or less, more preferably 30 HV or less.
  • the hardness at a position 1.0 mm inside the plate thickness direction from the front and back surfaces of the plate and the hardness at the center of the plate thickness is greater.
  • the hardness is measured at a position within 1.0 mm from the surface of the steel plate in the thickness direction and at a position within 1.0 mm from the back surface of the steel plate, and the larger hardness is measured by measuring the hardness at a position within 1.0 mm from the front and back surfaces of the steel plate in the thickness direction. Hardness at the internal position of .0mm.
  • Vickers hardness is measured with a test force of 9.8 N (1 kgf) in accordance with the regulations of JIS Z 2244 (2020). Measure at 10 points each, calculate the average value of 8 points excluding the maximum value and minimum value, and use the average value (total of Vickers hardness of 8 points/8) as the hardness of the test piece.
  • the above-described test piece for microstructure observation is used as the test piece, and the hardness is measured after mirror polishing the steel plate at a position 1.0 mm inside in the thickness direction from the front and back surfaces of the steel plate. Then, the difference (hardness difference) between the hardness of the front and back surfaces of the board and the hardness of the center of the board thickness is calculated.
  • the strength, yield ratio, and toughness (Charpy absorbed energy at -20°C, ductile-brittle transition temperature) targeted by the present invention can be achieved. It becomes possible to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having the following properties. Specifically, the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention has a yield strength of 250 MPa or more, a tensile strength of 400 MPa or more, a yield ratio of 0.75 or less, a Charpy absorbed energy of 100 J or more at -20°C, and a ductility of - The brittle transition temperature can be -20°C or lower.
  • the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention can be suitably used as a hot rolled steel sheet for low yield ratio square steel pipes, This makes it possible to obtain a square steel pipe with a low yield ratio, which will be described later.
  • the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention preferably has a thickness of 20 mm or more. Further, the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention preferably has a thickness of 20 to 32 mm.
  • the method for producing a hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention includes, for example, in a hot rolling process, a steel material having the above-mentioned composition is heated to a heating temperature of 1100°C or more and 1300°C or less, and then a rough rolling end temperature of 850°C. Hot rolling is performed at a temperature of 750° C. or higher and 850° C. or lower, and a total rolling reduction of 40% or higher and 59% or lower at 930° C. or higher.
  • the average cooling rate Vc (°C/s) at the center of the plate thickness and the average cooling rate Vs (°C/s) at the plate surface layer from the plate surface to a depth of 1.0 mm in the thickness direction are as follows (2) Formula and (3) are satisfied, the hot-rolled steel plate is air-cooled for 5 seconds or more from the start of cooling to the stop of cooling, and cooling is performed at a cooling stop temperature of 550°C or more and 680°C or less at the center of the plate thickness, and then, In the winding process, the hot-rolled steel sheet is wound at a center temperature of 550°C or higher and 680°C or lower. 2 ⁇ Vc ⁇ 15 (2) Vs/Vc ⁇ 2.0 (3)
  • °C in relation to temperature refers to the surface temperature of the steel material or steel plate (hot-rolled plate, raw steel plate). These surface temperatures can be measured with a radiation thermometer or the like. Further, the temperature at the center of the thickness of the steel plate can be determined by calculating the temperature distribution within the cross section of the steel plate by heat transfer analysis, and correcting the result based on the surface temperature of the steel plate. Furthermore, “hot-rolled steel sheet” includes hot-rolled steel sheet and hot-rolled steel strip.
  • the method for melting the steel material is not particularly limited, and any known melting method such as a converter, electric furnace, vacuum melting furnace, etc. is suitable.
  • the casting method is not particularly limited, it is manufactured to desired dimensions by a known casting method such as a continuous casting method. It should be noted that there is no problem in applying an ingot-blowing rolling method instead of the continuous casting method.
  • the molten steel may further be subjected to secondary refining such as ladle refining.
  • the obtained steel material (steel slab) is heated at a heating temperature of 1100°C or more and 1300°C or less, and then subjected to rough rolling with a rough rolling end temperature of 850°C or more and 1150°C or less.
  • a hot rolled steel sheet is obtained by performing finish rolling at a finish rolling end temperature of 750° C. or higher and 850° C. or lower, and hot rolling at a total rolling reduction of 40% or higher and 59% or lower at 930° C. or lower.
  • Heating temperature 1100° C. or more and 1300° C. or less If the heating temperature is less than 1100° C., the deformation resistance of the material to be rolled increases and rolling becomes difficult. On the other hand, if the heating temperature exceeds 1300°C, the austenite grains will become coarse and fine austenite grains will not be obtained in subsequent rolling (rough rolling, finish rolling), and the steel structure of the hot rolled steel sheet aimed at in the present invention will not be obtained. It becomes difficult to ensure an average crystal grain size. Further, it becomes difficult to suppress the formation of coarse bainite, and it is difficult to control the area ratio of crystal grains having a crystal grain size of 40.0 ⁇ m or more within the range targeted by the present invention.
  • the heating temperature in the hot rolling process is set to 1100°C or more and 1300°C or less.
  • the heating temperature in the hot rolling step is preferably 1120°C or higher.
  • the heating temperature in the hot rolling step is preferably 1280° C. or lower.
  • the present invention uses a direct delivery method in which the steel slab is charged into a heating furnace as a hot piece without being cooled to room temperature.
  • the energy-saving process of rolling can also be applied without problems.
  • Rough rolling end temperature 850°C or higher and 1150°C or lower If the rough rolling end temperature is lower than 850°C, the surface temperature of the steel plate becomes lower than the ferrite transformation start temperature during the subsequent finish rolling, a large amount of ferrite is generated, and the rolling direction This results in processed ferrite grains that are elongated, causing an increase in the yield ratio. On the other hand, if the rough rolling end temperature exceeds 1150° C., the reduction amount in the austenite non-recrystallization temperature range will be insufficient, and fine austenite grains will not be obtained.
  • the rough rolling end temperature is set to 850°C or more and 1150°C or less.
  • the rough rolling completion temperature is preferably 860°C or higher, more preferably 870°C or higher.
  • the rough rolling end temperature is preferably 1100°C or lower, more preferably 1050°C or lower.
  • Finish rolling end temperature 750°C or more and 850°C or less
  • the steel plate surface temperature becomes the ferrite transformation start temperature or less during finish rolling, and ferrite elongated in the rolling direction is formed, resulting in processing There is a possibility that the performance may decrease.
  • the finish rolling end temperature exceeds 850° C., the reduction amount in the austenite non-recrystallization temperature range will be insufficient, and fine austenite grains will not be obtained. As a result, the crystal grains become coarse, making it difficult to secure the strength targeted by the present invention. Moreover, it becomes difficult to suppress the generation of coarse bainite.
  • the finish rolling end temperature is set to 750°C or more and 850°C or less.
  • the finish rolling end temperature is preferably 770°C or higher, more preferably 780°C or higher.
  • the finish rolling end temperature is preferably 830°C or lower, more preferably 820°C or lower.
  • Total rolling reduction of 930°C or less 40% or more and 59% or less
  • the ferrite and bainite produced in the subsequent cooling process and winding process are refined.
  • the steel structure of the hot-rolled steel sheet having the strength and toughness targeted by the present invention can be obtained.
  • the total rolling reduction exceeds 59%, crystal grains with a large ratio of major axis to minor axis are likely to be produced, resulting in a decrease in toughness.
  • the total rolling reduction rate at 930° C. or lower is set to 59% or lower.
  • the total rolling reduction at 930°C or less is preferably 57% or less, more preferably 55% or less. If the total rolling reduction at 930° C. or less is less than 40%, the crystal grain size of ferrite or bainite becomes large, leading to a decrease in toughness. Therefore, the total rolling reduction rate below 930° C. is set to 40% or more.
  • the total rolling reduction at 930° C. or less is preferably 42% or more, more preferably 45% or more.
  • the reason why the temperature is 930°C or lower is that if the temperature exceeds 930°C, austenite recrystallizes in the rolling process, dislocations introduced by rolling disappear, and fine austenite cannot be obtained.
  • the above-mentioned total rolling reduction is calculated using the following formula using the plate thickness T E (mm) before the start of rolling and the final plate thickness T O (mm) after the end of rolling in a rolling pass in a temperature range of 930°C or less. It can be calculated with.
  • Total rolling reduction rate (%) 100 x (T E - T O )/T E
  • hot rolling may be performed in which the total rolling reduction at 930° C. or lower is 40% or more and 59% or less in both the above-mentioned rough rolling and finish rolling.
  • hot rolling may be performed in which only finish rolling is performed and the total rolling reduction is 40% or more and 59% or less at 930° C. or less. In the latter case, if it is not possible to achieve a total rolling reduction of 40% or more and 59% or less at 930°C or less by finish rolling alone, after cooling the slab to a temperature of 930°C or less during rough rolling, rough rolling is performed.
  • the total rolling reduction ratio at 930° C. or lower in both rolling and finish rolling is 40% or more and 59% or less.
  • the upper limit of the finished plate thickness is not particularly specified, but from the viewpoint of ensuring the necessary rolling reduction and controlling the temperature of the steel plate, the finished plate thickness is preferably 32 mm or less.
  • the hot rolled sheet (raw steel sheet for hot rolled steel sheet, hereinafter also simply referred to as raw steel sheet) is cooled in a cooling step.
  • the average cooling rate Vc to the cooling stop temperature at the center of the plate thickness 2 ° C / s or more and 15 ° C / s or less, to the cooling stop temperature at the plate surface layer from the front and back surfaces of the plate to a depth of 1.0 mm in the thickness direction.
  • the average cooling rate Vs is between Vc and Vs/Vc ⁇ 2.0, and the hot-rolled steel sheet is air-cooled for 5 seconds or more from the start of cooling to the stop of cooling, and the cooling stop temperature at the center of the sheet thickness is Cooling is performed at a temperature of 550°C or more and 680°C or less.
  • Average cooling rate Vc from the start of cooling to the cooling stop temperature (550 to 680°C) at the center of the thickness 2°C/s or more and 15°C/s or less
  • the average cooling rate Vc is preferably 4°C/s or more, more preferably 5°C/s or more. Preferably it is 12°C/s or less, more preferably 10°C/s or less.
  • the average cooling rate Vs (°C/s) from the start of cooling to the cooling stop temperature (550 to 680°C) at the plate surface layer is 2.0 of the average cooling rate Vc (°C/s) from the start of cooling to the cooling stop temperature at the center of the plate thickness. If the ratio exceeds twice that, a large amount of bainite will be generated in the surface layer of the plate, and the steel structure targeted by the present invention will not be obtained, and the desired yield ratio and Charpy absorbed energy will not be obtained.
  • the average cooling rate Vs until cooling stops at the surface layer of the plate is a value greater than or equal to the average cooling rate Vc until cooling stops at the center of the plate thickness. (1.0 ⁇ Vs/Vc).
  • the average cooling rate Vs until the cooling stops in the plate surface layer part the larger value of the average cooling rate at a position 1.0 mm inside from the plate surface or the plate back surface is used.
  • Air-cooling time 5 seconds or more
  • Air cooling time is preferably 10 seconds or more.
  • the upper limit is not particularly defined, if the air cooling time exceeds 100 seconds, the productivity will drop significantly, so the air cooling time is preferably 100 seconds or less. More preferably, it is 90 seconds or less. Note that air cooling is performed between the start of cooling and the stop of cooling. Air cooling is not particularly limited, but refers to cooling at a rate of 0.01 to 0.90° C./s in the surface layer of the plate.
  • Cooling stop temperature 550°C or more and 680°C or less If the cooling stop temperature is less than 550°C at the center of the thickness of the hot rolled sheet (raw steel sheet), the temperature will decrease in the length direction and/or width direction of the hot rolled sheet during cooling. Unevenness tends to occur, and there is a possibility that variations in mechanical properties will occur. On the other hand, if the cooling stop temperature exceeds 680° C. at the thickness center temperature of the hot rolled sheet, the ferrite grains become coarse and the desired average crystal grain size cannot be obtained.
  • the cooling stop temperature is the thickness center temperature of the hot rolled sheet, and is preferably 560°C or higher, more preferably 580°C or higher. Preferably it is 660°C or lower, more preferably 650°C or lower.
  • the average cooling rate is ((temperature of the hot rolled steel sheet before cooling (at the start of cooling) (°C) - temperature of the hot rolled steel sheet up to the cooling stop temperature (550 to 680°C) (°C)) /cooling time (s)), and can be calculated from the temperature distribution in the cross section of the hot rolled steel sheet obtained by heat transfer analysis.
  • the cooling time used in calculating this average cooling rate includes the time during which air cooling is performed. Examples of the cooling method include water cooling such as water injection from a nozzle, cooling by cooling gas injection, and the like. In the present invention, it is preferable to perform a cooling operation (treatment) on both sides of the hot-rolled sheet so that both sides of the hot-rolled sheet are cooled under the same conditions.
  • the amount and pressure of cooling water or cooling gas, the injection time and angle, the conveyance speed of the hot rolled steel sheet, etc. are adjusted. If cooling water or cooling gas is constantly injected at a specific position on the surface of a hot-rolled steel sheet, or if a large amount of cooling water or cooling gas is instantaneously injected onto the surface of a hot-rolled steel sheet, the surface of the steel sheet will be rapidly cooled, and the surface layer of the sheet will be The difference in cooling rate between the thickness of the plate and the center of the thickness becomes large.
  • the hot-rolled steel sheet is wound up in a winding process, and then left to cool.
  • the hot rolled steel sheet is wound at a winding temperature of 550° C. or higher and 680° C. or lower at the thickness center temperature of the hot rolled steel sheet. If the coiling temperature is less than 550° C., a large amount of upper bainite is generated on the surface of the steel sheet, and the area ratio may exceed 5%. If the winding temperature exceeds 680° C., the ferrite grains become coarse and the desired crystal grain size cannot be obtained.
  • the winding temperature is more preferably 570°C or higher, even more preferably 580°C or higher. Further, the winding temperature is more preferably 660°C or lower, even more preferably 650°C or lower.
  • the square steel pipe of the present invention is made from the hot rolled steel plate of the present invention.
  • the square steel pipe of the present invention has a yield strength of 295 MPa or more, a tensile strength of 400 MPa or more, and a low yield ratio of 0.90 or less in the flat plate part in the tube axis direction, and the test temperature: It can have low-temperature toughness such that the absorbed energy in the Charpy impact test at -20°C is 40 J or more and the ductile-brittle transition temperature is -5°C or lower, for example, in cold regions where the temperature is below freezing. It can be suitably used as a structural member of buildings in low-temperature environments such as
  • a hot-rolled steel plate is roll-formed into a cylindrical open pipe (round steel pipe), and the butt portions are electrical resistance welded. Thereafter, the round steel tube is compressed by several percent in the axial direction of the tube using rolls placed on the top, bottom, left and right of the tube, and is formed into a square shape to obtain a square steel tube.
  • the round steel pipe is formed by a roll forming method using rolls. It is formed into a square shape to produce square steel pipes.
  • a large processing strain is introduced in the pipe axial direction, so there is a problem that the yield ratio in the pipe axial direction tends to increase and the toughness tends to decrease.
  • the rectangular steel pipe of the present invention is made of the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention, an increase in the yield ratio, etc. is suppressed, and even if the square steel pipe is thick-walled, for example, 20 mm or more, the yield ratio is low. In addition, it can have low-temperature toughness.
  • the square steel pipe in the present invention is limited to a square steel pipe in which all the side lengths are equal (the value of (long side length / short side length) is 1.0) when viewed in a vertical cross-sectional view in the pipe axis direction. It also includes square steel pipes in which the value of (long side length/short side length) exceeds 1.0. However, if the value of (long side length/short side length) of the square steel pipe exceeds 2.5, local buckling tends to occur on the long side side, and the compressive strength in the tube axis direction decreases. Therefore, the value of (long side length/short side length) of the square steel pipe is preferably 1.0 or more and 2.5 or less. The value of (long side length/short side length) is more preferably 1.0 or more and 2.0 or less.
  • the square steel pipe of the present invention is manufactured.
  • the yield strength of the flat plate part is 295 MPa or more
  • the tensile strength of the flat plate part is 400 MPa or more
  • the yield ratio of the flat plate part is 0.90 or less
  • the Charpy absorbed energy at -20°C of the flat plate part is 40 J or more
  • the flat plate part has a yield strength of 295 MPa or more.
  • a square steel pipe with a ductile-brittle transition temperature of -5°C or lower can be obtained. Since the square steel pipe of the present invention has a ductile-brittle transition temperature of less than 0° C., it can be suitably used as a structural member of buildings in cold regions where the temperature is below freezing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the architectural structure of the present invention.
  • the building structure of the present invention uses the above-described square steel pipe (low yield ratio square steel pipe) 1 of the present invention as a column material.
  • Reference numerals 4, 5, 6, and 7 respectively indicate a girder, a small beam, a diaphragm, and a stud.
  • the square steel pipe of the present invention has excellent mechanical properties in the flat plate portion. Therefore, the building structure of the present invention using this square steel pipe as a column material exhibits excellent seismic performance.
  • Molten steel having the composition shown in Table 1 was cast into a slab.
  • the obtained slabs were subjected to a hot rolling process, a cooling process, and a winding process under the conditions shown in Table 2 to obtain hot rolled steel sheets.
  • a pipe-making process in the pipe-making process described below was performed. Note that the total rolling reduction of 930° C. or less specified in the hot rolling process is the total rolling reduction of only finish rolling.
  • the obtained hot rolled steel plate was formed into a cylindrical round steel tube by roll forming, and the butt portions were welded by electric resistance welding. Thereafter, the round steel pipe is formed into a square shape (square shape when viewed in vertical cross section in the direction of the pipe axis) using rolls placed on the top, bottom, left and right sides of the round steel pipe, and has a corner part and a flat plate part, and has the side length (mm) and thickness shown in Table 4. A roll-formed square steel pipe with a thickness (mm) was obtained.
  • test piece was taken from the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet and subjected to the following microstructure observation, hardness measurement, tensile test, and Charpy impact test.
  • test pieces for microstructural observation were placed at the center of the hot rolled steel sheet in the width direction and at the thickness t/2 (t: thickness) (the center of the sheet thickness in the present invention) and at the back side of the steel sheet (heated The sample was taken from the position of the lower surface during inter-rolling.
  • the structure of the steel plate surface (upper surface during hot rolling) and the steel plate back surface (lower surface during hot rolling) is the same, and a specimen for microstructure observation may be taken from either the front or back surface of the steel plate, but here, The location of specimens for microstructural observation was unified at the back surface of the steel plate (lower surface during hot rolling).
  • the observation surface was made to be a vertical cross section parallel to the rolling direction during hot rolling (a cross section in which the normal direction of the observation surface is the sheet width direction), and after polishing, nital corrosion was performed.
  • which of the two sides of the final steel sheet is the back side is determined by winding after cooling so that the hot-rolled surface side (top side) is the outside of the hot-rolled coil.
  • an arc-shaped steel plate is obtained. Therefore, the outside and inside of the hot-rolled coil can be determined from the shape of the arc-shaped steel plate, and the front and back surfaces at the time of rolling can be determined. was identified.
  • Microstructure observation was performed using an optical microscope (magnification: 1000x) or a scanning electron microscope (SEM, magnification: 1000x) at the thickness t/2 position (center of thickness) of the hot rolled steel sheet and the back surface of the steel sheet (plate thickness center). The tissues on the front and back surfaces were observed and images were taken. The area ratios of ferrite, pearlite, pseudo pearlite, and upper bainite were determined from the obtained optical microscope images and SEM images.
  • the area ratio of each tissue was observed in 5 fields of view and calculated as the average value of the values obtained in each field of view.
  • the area ratio obtained by tissue observation was defined as the area ratio of each tissue.
  • the area ratio of ferrite, pearlite, pseudo pearlite, and upper bainite is calculated by calculating the area of each phase by distinguishing each phase by the shape and color shown below using an optical microscope image or SEM image.
  • the area ratio of each phase was calculated by dividing by the total area of the image.
  • ferrite is a product of diffusion transformation, and exhibits a nearly recovered structure with a low dislocation density.
  • This includes polygonal ferrite and pseudopolygonal ferrite.
  • Pearlite is a structure in which cementite and ferrite are arranged in layers
  • pseudo-pearlite is a structure in which cementite arranged in dots in ferrite is confirmed.
  • upper bainite is a multi-phase structure of lath-like ferrite and cementite with a high dislocation density.
  • ferrite is white
  • pearlite is black
  • pseudo pearlite is black or gray
  • upper bainite is white or gray.
  • the average crystal grain size (average equivalent circular diameter) was measured using the SEM/EBSD method at the plate thickness t/2 position (plate thickness center).
  • the crystal grain size was determined by determining the orientation difference between adjacent crystal grains, and measuring the boundary where the orientation difference was 15° or more as a grain boundary.
  • the grain size (equivalent circle diameter) of each crystal grain was calculated from the obtained grain boundaries, and the arithmetic mean thereof was determined to be the average grain size (average equivalent circle diameter).
  • the area of crystal grains with an equivalent circle diameter of 40.0 ⁇ m or more can be calculated.
  • the rate was calculated.
  • the major axis and minor axis can be calculated.
  • the number of crystal grains having a diameter ratio of 3.0 or more was calculated.
  • those with a crystal grain size of less than 2.0 ⁇ m were excluded from the analysis target as measurement noise.
  • the larger hardness is taken as the hardness at a position 1.0 mm inside in the thickness direction from the front and back surfaces of the steel plate.
  • the difference (hardness difference) between the hardness at a position 1.0 mm inside in the thickness direction from the front and back surfaces of the steel plate and the hardness at the center of the thickness was calculated.
  • test pieces were taken from the obtained square steel pipe (roll-formed square steel pipe) and subjected to the following tensile test and Charpy impact test.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the sampling positions of the tensile test pieces of the flat plate portion.
  • JIS No. 5 tensile test pieces were taken from the flat plate part of the square steel pipe so that the tensile direction was parallel to the pipe axis direction.
  • a tensile test was conducted on the sampled tensile test piece in accordance with the provisions of JIS Z 2241 (2011), and the yield strength YS and tensile strength TS were measured. The ratio was calculated.
  • the tensile test piece of the flat plate part was taken from the center of the width of the flat plate part (see symbol X in Figure 2) at the 3 o'clock side when the welded part of the square steel pipe is in the 12 o'clock direction. .
  • the number of test pieces was two each, and their average values were calculated to determine YS, TS, and yield ratio.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the sampling positions of Charpy test pieces.
  • the Charpy impact test as shown in Figure 3, samples were taken from a flat plate part of a square steel pipe at a position t/4 of the wall thickness t from the outside surface of the square steel pipe, with the longitudinal direction of the specimen parallel to the pipe axis direction.
  • a V-notch standard test piece conforming to the provisions of JIS Z 2242 (2016) was used (see symbol Y in FIG. 3).
  • Charpy impact tests were conducted at test temperatures of -60°C, -40°C, -20°C, 0°C, and +20°C in accordance with the provisions of JIS Z 2242 (2018).
  • the number of test pieces was three at each test temperature, and the average value (J) of the ductile-brittle transition temperature and absorbed energy was determined.
  • steel No. 1 to 20 are examples of the present invention, and steel No. 1 to 20 are examples of the present invention.
  • Nos. 21 to 45 are comparative examples.
  • the hot-rolled steel sheets of the examples of the present invention each have a steel structure in the center of the thickness and the surface of the plate that is pearlite and pseudo-pearlite with a total area ratio of 6 to 25%, and area ratio of 5% or less. If a region containing upper bainite and surrounded by boundaries with an orientation difference of 15° or more between adjacent crystals at the center of the plate thickness is defined as a crystal grain, the average crystal grain size of the steel structure at the center of the plate thickness is 10.
  • the number of crystal grains was 30 pieces/mm 2 or less, and the difference in hardness between the steel plate surface and the center of the plate thickness was 40 HV or less. Further, the yield strength was 250 MPa or more, the tensile strength was 400 MPa or more, the yield ratio was 0.75 or less, the Charpy absorbed energy at -20°C was 100 J or more, and the ductile-brittle transition temperature was -20°C or less.
  • all of the square steel pipes manufactured using the hot rolled steel sheets of the examples of the present invention have a yield strength of 295 MPa or more in the flat plate part, a tensile strength of 400 MPa or more in the flat plate part, and a yield ratio in the flat plate part. was 0.90 or less, the Charpy absorbed energy at -20°C of the flat plate part was 40 J or more, and the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the flat plate part was -5°C or less.
  • the slab heating temperature exceeds the range of the present invention, the crystal grains become coarse, the average crystal grain size exceeds 30.0 ⁇ m, and the crystal grain size (circular equivalent diameter) is 40.0 ⁇ m or more.
  • the area ratio of crystal grains exceeded 20%.
  • the yield strength, tensile strength, Charpy absorbed energy at -20°C and ductile-brittle transition temperature did not reach the desired values.
  • Comparative example No. Steel No. 41 had a cooling stop temperature and a coiling temperature below the range of the present invention, so the area ratio of upper bainite was more than 5%. As a result, the hardness difference exceeded 40 HV, and the yield ratio did not reach the desired value.
  • Comparative example No. Steel No. 42 (Steel C) had an average grain size of more than 30.0 ⁇ m because the cooling stop temperature and coiling temperature exceeded the range of the present invention. As a result, the yield strength, tensile strength, Charpy absorbed energy at -20°C and ductile-brittle transition temperature did not reach the desired values.
  • the average cooling rate Vc at the center of the plate thickness was below the range of the present invention, so the average crystal grain size exceeded 30.0 ⁇ m, and the area ratio with grain sizes of 40.0 ⁇ m or more exceeded 20%.
  • the total area ratio of pearlite and pseudo-pearlite in the center of the plate thickness was less than 6%, and the yield strength, tensile strength, Charpy absorbed energy at -20°C, and ductile-brittle transition temperature did not reach the desired values. .

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