WO2023231105A1 - 光学模组以及头戴显示设备 - Google Patents

光学模组以及头戴显示设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023231105A1
WO2023231105A1 PCT/CN2022/101470 CN2022101470W WO2023231105A1 WO 2023231105 A1 WO2023231105 A1 WO 2023231105A1 CN 2022101470 W CN2022101470 W CN 2022101470W WO 2023231105 A1 WO2023231105 A1 WO 2023231105A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
optical module
light
phase retarder
module according
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PCT/CN2022/101470
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史柴源
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歌尔光学科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023231105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023231105A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of near-eye display imaging technology, and more specifically, the embodiments of the present application relate to an optical module and a head-mounted display device.
  • augmented reality Augmented Reality
  • virtual reality Virtual Reality, VR
  • the core components of augmented reality technology and virtual reality technology are optical modules.
  • the distance between the human eye and the optical lens on the near-eye side of the optical module is fixed, that is, the eye distance is fixed.
  • the eye distance is actually different. This is because users with normal vision and users with myopia or farsightedness will have different vision correction needs (wearing glasses or not wearing glasses). ) results in different eye distances, which may cause the images viewed by groups with different eye distances to be missing to varying degrees during the virtual experience, and the complete picture cannot be observed.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a new technical solution for an optical module and a head-mounted display device.
  • the application provides an optical module.
  • the optical module includes a first lens and a second lens.
  • the first lens includes a first surface and a second surface.
  • the second lens includes a third lens. surface and a fourth surface, the second surface and the third surface are arranged adjacently;
  • the optical module also includes a spectroscopic element, a first phase retarder and a polarizing reflective element.
  • the spectroscopic element is located on one side of the first surface.
  • the first phase retarder and the polarizing reflective element are located on the first surface. either side of the second lens;
  • the first lens is configured to be capable of translation relative to the second lens, and satisfies: 0.05 ⁇ 2*(T1-T2)/D1 ⁇ 0.3, where T1 is the distance from the second surface to the third The maximum distance between the surfaces, T2 is the minimum distance between the second surface and the third surface, and D1 is the optically effective aperture of the first lens.
  • the first lens is configured to be capable of translation in a direction away from or close to the second lens, and satisfies: 0.1 ⁇ 2*(T1-T2)/D1 ⁇ 0.2.
  • the first lens can translate 4 mm to 5.5 mm relative to the second lens.
  • the difference a between the far vision half field of view angle and the near vision half field of view angle of the optical module is: 0° ⁇ a ⁇ 10°.
  • the central thickness T 1 of the first lens is 3 mm ⁇ T 1 ⁇ 8 mm;
  • the center thickness T 2 of the second lens is 3 mm ⁇ T 2 ⁇ 8 mm.
  • both the first surface and the second surface are aspherical surfaces
  • the third surface is a plane or an aspheric surface
  • the fourth surface is an aspheric surface
  • the first phase retarder and the polarization reflective element are sequentially disposed between the second surface and the third surface.
  • the optical module further includes a polarizing element located between the polarizing reflective element and the third surface.
  • the polarizing element, the polarizing reflective element and the first phase retarder are stacked to form a film layer structure and attached to the third surface, wherein the polarizing element and the third phase retarder are Surface connection.
  • the reflectivity of the light splitting element is 47% to 53%.
  • the optical module further includes a display, the light exit surface of the display is configured to emit circularly polarized light or linearly polarized light;
  • a second phase retarder is provided between the light exit surface of the display and the first surface of the first lens.
  • the second phase retarder is to convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light.
  • the spectroscopic element is mounted on the first surface; or,
  • the light splitting element is located between the light exit surface of the display and the first surface.
  • this application provides a head-mounted display device, which includes:
  • a folded light path solution which can realize diopter adjustment by changing the position of the first lens on the near-incident light side relative to the second lens in the optical module, and also by constraining the first lens Relative to the relationship between the movable limit distance difference of the second lens and the effective optical aperture of the first lens itself, the display screen is not lost during the diopter adjustment process when the eye distance remains unchanged, allowing the user to obtain Better visual experience.
  • Figure 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an optical module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an optical module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the point array of the optical module shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is an MTF curve of the optical module shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a vertical axis chromatic aberration diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is the second structural schematic diagram of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the point array of the optical module shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is an MTF curve of the optical module shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 11 is a vertical axis chromatic aberration diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 12 is the third structural schematic diagram of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the point array of the optical module shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is an MTF curve of the optical module shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 15 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 16 is a vertical axis chromatic aberration diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 17 is the fourth structural schematic diagram of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the point array of the optical module shown in Figure 17;
  • Figure 19 is an MTF curve of the optical module shown in Figure 17;
  • Figure 20 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 17;
  • Figure 21 is a vertical axis chromatic aberration diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 17;
  • Figure 22 is the fifth structural schematic diagram of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the point array of the optical module shown in Figure 22;
  • Figure 24 is an MTF curve of the optical module shown in Figure 22;
  • Figure 25 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 22;
  • Figure 26 is a vertical axis chromatic aberration diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 22;
  • Figure 27 is the sixth structural schematic diagram of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the point array of the optical module shown in Figure 27;
  • Figure 29 is an MTF curve of the optical module shown in Figure 27;
  • Figure 30 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 27;
  • Figure 31 is a vertical axis chromatic aberration diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 27;
  • Figure 32 is the seventh structural schematic diagram of the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of the point array of the optical module shown in Figure 32;
  • Figure 34 is an MTF curve of the optical module shown in Figure 32;
  • Figure 35 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module shown in Figure 32;
  • FIG. 36 is a vertical axis chromatic aberration diagram of the optical module shown in FIG. 32 .
  • First lens 11. First surface; 12. Second surface; 20. Second lens; 21. Third surface; 22. Fourth surface; 30. Anti-reflection film; 40. Spectroscopic element; 50. Phase Retarder; 60. Polarizing reflective element; 70. Polarizing element; 80. Display; 81. Protective glass; 01. Human eye.
  • any specific values are to be construed as illustrative only and not as limiting. Accordingly, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
  • optical module and head-mounted display device provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 36 .
  • an optical module is provided.
  • the optical module is a folded light path optical structure design, which can include two optical lenses and can be suitable for use in head mounted display devices (Head mounted display). , HMD).
  • HMD head mounted display devices
  • VR head-mounted devices may include VR glasses or VR helmets, etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an optical module, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 7, 12, 17, 22, 27 and 32.
  • the optical module includes a first lens 10 and
  • the second lens 20 includes a first surface 11 and a second surface 12.
  • the second lens 20 includes a third surface 21 and a fourth surface 22.
  • the second surface 12 and the third surface 22 are connected to each other.
  • the surfaces 21 are arranged adjacently;
  • the optical module also includes a spectroscopic element 40, a first phase retarder 50 and a polarizing reflection element 60.
  • the spectroscopic element 40 is located on one side of the first surface 11.
  • the first phase retarder 50 is connected to the polarization reflective element 60.
  • Polarized reflective elements 60 are located on either side of the second lens 20;
  • the first lens 10 is configured to be able to translate relative to the second lens 20 and satisfy: 0.05 ⁇ 2*(T1-T2)/D1 ⁇ 0.3, where T1 is the distance from the second surface 12 The maximum distance of the third surface 21 , T2 is the minimum distance of the second surface 12 from the third surface 21 , and D1 is the optically effective aperture of the first lens 10 .
  • the first lens 10 (disposed close to the side where light enters) is not fixed, but is designed so that its position in the optical module can be relative to the second lens 20 Certain adjustments are made, and the position of the second lens 20 close to the side of the human eye 01 is fixed.
  • a folded light path solution which can realize diopter adjustment by changing the position of the first lens on the near-incident light side relative to the second lens in the optical module, and also by constraining the first lens Relative to the relationship between the movable limit distance difference of the second lens and the effective optical aperture of the first lens itself, the display screen is not lost during the diopter adjustment process when the eye distance remains unchanged, allowing the user to obtain Better visual experience.
  • a certain fixed spacing can be maintained between the first lens 10 and the second lens 20 , and the fixed spacing can range from 2 mm to 4 mm.
  • the fixed spacing can range from 2 mm to 4 mm.
  • the first lens 10 can be translated to the left or right relative to the second lens 20 so that the first lens 10 is closer to the second lens 20 or farther away from the second lens 20 .
  • Lens 20 is used to realize diopter adjustment under the same eye distance.
  • the diopter adjustment may be myopia adjustment or hyperopia adjustment. This allows the optical module of the embodiment of the present application to be applied to people with different visual acuity, and can provide a complete imaging picture under the same eye distance.
  • the method of moving the first lens 10 can be, for example, through a driving mechanism.
  • a driving mechanism Those skilled in the art can flexibly design it according to needs, and this is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • T1 is the extreme position where the first lens 10 moves to the rightmost position of the second lens 20
  • D1 is the optically effective aperture of the first lens 10
  • T2 is the limit position where the first lens 10 moves to the leftmost position of the second lens 20 .
  • a folding optical path solution is provided.
  • the position of the first lens 10 relative to the second lens 20 is reasonably moved so that an appropriate position between the first lens 10 and the second lens 20 is maintained. This allows the optical module to realize that the imaging picture displayed during the diopter adjustment process will not be missing when the eye distance is fixed.
  • the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application not only includes a lens group, but also includes the above-mentioned light splitting element 40, the first phase retarder 50 and the polarizing reflection element 60.
  • the spectroscopic element 40 has a film-like structure, for example.
  • the light splitting element 40 can be located on the light-incident side of the first lens 10 , that is, on the first surface 11 side of the first lens 10 .
  • the light splitting element 40 can also be directly mounted on the first surface 11 of the first lens 10 .
  • Those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust the specific position of the spectroscopic element 40 as needed.
  • the first phase retarder 50 can be used to change the polarization state of light in the folded optical path structure.
  • linearly polarized light can be converted into circularly polarized light
  • circularly polarized light can be converted into linearly polarized light.
  • the polarized reflective element 60 can be used to transmit P polarized light and reflect S polarized light; or, the polarized reflective element 60 can be used to transmit S polarized light and reflect P polarized light.
  • the first phase retarder 50 cooperates with the polarizing reflective element 60 to analyze light and transmit the light.
  • the first phase retarder 50 and the polarization reflective element 60 may be in a film-like structure.
  • the first phase retarder 50 and the polarizing reflective element 60 may be disposed on either side of the second lens 20 , for example.
  • the first phase retarder 50 and the polarization reflective element 60 can also be on any surface of the second lens 20 .
  • Those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust the specific positions of the first phase retarder 50 and the polarization reflective element 60 as needed.
  • first phase retarder 50 and the polarization reflective element 60 can be attached together, or they can be arranged at intervals, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application: the incident light is transmitted through the first lens 10, reflected by the third surface 21 of the second lens 20, transmitted through the second surface 12 of the first lens 10, and reflected by the first surface 11 , after being transmitted through the second surface 12 and the second lens 20, the light hits the human eye 01.
  • the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application is a folded optical path optical structure design, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 7, Figure 12, Figure 17, Figure 22, Figure 27 and Figure 32.
  • Each of the optical modules Optical lenses and optical elements can be arranged in a set manner and located on the same optical axis.
  • the entire optical path structure is small in size and does not occupy a large space.
  • the first lens 10 is configured to be able to translate in a direction away from or close to the second lens 20, and satisfies: 0.1 ⁇ 2*(T1-T2)/D1 ⁇ 0.2.
  • T1 is the extreme position where the first lens 10 moves to the rightmost position of the second lens 20
  • D1 is the optically effective aperture of the first lens 10 .
  • T2 is the limit position where the first lens 10 moves to the leftmost position of the second lens 20 .
  • the first lens 10 is configured to be able to translate in a direction away from or close to the second lens 20, and satisfies: 2*(T1-T2)/D1 is 0.15.
  • the first lens 10 is configured to be able to translate in a direction away from or close to the second lens 20, and satisfies: 2*(T1-T2)/D1 is 0.1.
  • the first lens 10 is configured to be able to translate in a direction away from or close to the second lens 20, and satisfies: 2*(T1-T2)/D1 is 0.2.
  • the first lens 10 can translate 4 mm to 5.5 mm relative to the second lens 20 .
  • the first lens 10 is designed so that it can undergo a certain translation in a direction close to the second lens 20.
  • the second lens 20 can be close to the second lens 20.
  • the first lens 10 can also translate in a direction away from the second lens 20 , as shown in FIG. 7 , at this time, the first lens 10 is away from the second lens 20 .
  • the maximum movable range between the two is the above-mentioned 4 mm to 5.5 mm. Within this range, by adjusting the position of the first lens 10 relative to the second lens 20 in the optical path structure, different diopters can be adjusted under a fixed eye distance.
  • the difference a between the far vision half field of view angle and the near vision half field of view angle of the optical module is: 0° ⁇ a ⁇ 10°.
  • the distortion values under different diopters can be controlled, thus ensuring that the same distortion pre-correction is suitable for different diopters.
  • the difference between the half field of view angle in the case of myopia and the half field of view angle in the case of hyperopia can be less than 10°, or even less than 5°.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application can be achieved by constraining the moving distance of the first lens 10, the effective optical aperture D1 of the first lens 10 itself, and the field of view angle under the condition that the eye distance remains unchanged.
  • the display screen will not be lost during the diopter adjustment process.
  • the visual acuity ranges of myopia and hyperopia are not limited.
  • the center thickness T 1 of the first lens 10 is 3 mm ⁇ T 1 ⁇ 8 mm; the center thickness T 2 of the second lens 20 is 3 mm ⁇ T 2 ⁇ 6 mm.
  • both the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are aspherical; the third surface 21 is a plane or an aspherical surface, and the fourth surface 22 is an aspherical surface.
  • the optical powers of the first lens 10 and the second lens 20 are both positive.
  • the optical power ⁇ 1 of the first lens 10 satisfies: 0 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 0.1.
  • the optical power ⁇ 2 of the second lens 20 satisfies: 0 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 0.01.
  • the first lens 10 is designed to be located on the light incident side of the entire optical module.
  • the incident light can pass through the first lens 10 and be refracted on different surfaces of the first lens 10 before entering the second lens 20 .
  • an anti-reflection film may be provided on the second surface 12 or one side of the first lens 10 .
  • the light splitting element 40 and the anti-reflection film are respectively provided on both sides of the first lens 10 .
  • anti-reflection films can be provided on both sides of the second lens 20 , so that the light can enter the human eye 01 as completely as possible to display the image.
  • the refractive index n of the first lens 10 and the second lens 20 is: 1.4 ⁇ n ⁇ 1.7; the dispersion coefficient v of the first lens 10 and the second lens 20 For: 20 ⁇ v ⁇ 75.
  • the refractive index n 1 of the first lens 10 is 1.54 and the dispersion coefficient v 1 is 56.3; the refractive index n 2 of the second lens 20 is 1.54 and the dispersion coefficient v 2 is 55.7.
  • the first phase retarder 50 and the polarization reflective element 60 may be disposed in sequence between the second surface 12 and the third surface 21 between.
  • the first phase retarder 50 is, for example, a quarter wave plate.
  • the first phase retarder 50 cooperates with the polarization reflective element 60 to analyze light and transmit the light.
  • both the first phase retarder 50 and the polarizing reflective element 60 can be in a film-like structure, and they can be bonded together.
  • the first phase retarder 50 and the polarizing reflective element 60 are bonded together and disposed at a suitable position between the third surface 21 of the second lens 20 and the second surface 12 of the first lens 10; or, the first The phase retarder 50 and the polarizing reflective element 60 are attached together and disposed at a suitable position close to the third surface 21 of the second lens 20 .
  • both the first phase retarder 50 and the polarizing reflective element 60 can also be directly attached to the third surface 21 of the second lens 20 .
  • first phase retarder 50 may be disposed on one side of the third surface 21 of the second lens 20
  • the polarizing reflection element 60 may be disposed on one side of the fourth surface 22 of the second lens 20 .
  • the first phase retarder 50 and the polarization reflective element 60 are arranged at intervals in the optical path structure.
  • the optical module further includes a polarizing element 70 , which may be located between the polarizing reflective element 60 and the third surface 21 .
  • the polarizing element 70 is, for example, a polarizing film, which can be used to reduce stray light.
  • the polarizing element 70 , the polarizing reflective element 60 and the first phase retarder 50 are stacked to form a film layer structure and are attached to the third surface 21 , wherein The polarizing element 70 is connected to the third surface 21 .
  • the polarizing element 70 , the polarizing reflective element 60 and the first phase retarder 50 can be stacked in sequence to form a composite film layer, and then the composite film layer can be mounted on the second lens 20 The third surface 21.
  • an anti-reflection film 30 can also be mounted on the first phase retarder 50 of the composite film layer, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the polarizing element 70 , the polarizing reflective element 60 , the first phase retarder 50 and the anti-reflective film 30 can be stacked in sequence on the third surface 21 .
  • an anti-reflection film may also be provided on the fourth surface 22 of the second lens 20 .
  • the reflectivity of the light splitting element 40 is 47% to 53%.
  • the light splitting element 40 may be a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective film.
  • the optical module further includes a display 80, and the light exit surface of the display 80 is Configured to emit circularly polarized light or linearly polarized light;
  • a second phase retarder is disposed between the light exit surface of the display 80 and the first surface 11 of the first lens 10 .
  • a two-phase retarder is used to convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light.
  • the optical module may include a display 80 , the light-emitting surface of the display 80 is provided with a protective glass 81 , and the light-emitting surface of the display 80 may emit light toward the first lens 10 .
  • the second phase retarder may be disposed on the light exit surface of the display 80 , or at a suitable position between the display 80 and the first lens 10 , or may be disposed close to the light exit surface of the display 80 At the right location.
  • the light splitting element 40 is mounted on the first surface 11 ; or, the light splitting element 40 is provided between the light exit surface of the display 80 and the first surface 11 .
  • an anti-reflection film may also be provided on the second surface 12 of the first lens 10 .
  • the propagation process of light is as follows:
  • the display 80 emits circularly polarized light, which is transmitted through the protective glass 81 on the light exit surface of the display 80 and the first lens 10 , and becomes linearly polarized after passing through the first phase retarder 50 on the third surface 21 of the second lens 20
  • the light (S light) is reflected by the polarization reflective element 60, becomes circularly polarized light by the first phase retarder 50, is transmitted through the second surface 12 of the first lens 10, and is reflected by the first surface 11 of the first lens 10. It is transmitted through the second surface 12, reflected through the first surface 11, transmitted through the second surface 12, passes through the first phase retarder 50 of the third surface 21 and becomes linearly polarized light (P light), and is transmitted through the second lens 20.
  • the light hits the human eye 01.
  • optical module provided by the embodiments of the present application through three embodiments.
  • the optical module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application can be shown in Figures 1, 7 and 12 respectively.
  • the optical module includes a first lens 10 and a second lens 20.
  • the first lens 10 includes a first lens 10 and a second lens 20.
  • Surface 11 and second surface 12 the second lens 20 includes a third surface 21 and a fourth surface 22, the second surface 12 and the third surface 21 are arranged adjacently;
  • the optical module also includes a spectroscopic element 40, a first phase retarder 50, a polarizing reflective element 60 and a polarizing element 70; the spectroscopic element 40 is mounted on the first surface 11, and the first phase retarder 50; The polarized reflective element 60 and the polarizing element are stacked to form a film layer structure and mounted on the third surface 21 of the second lens 20, wherein the polarized reflective element 60 is connected to the third surface 21;
  • the maximum movable distance T1 of 21 is 5.17
  • the minimum movable distance T2 of the second surface 12 relative to the third surface 21 is 0.3mm
  • the optically effective aperture D1 of the first lens 10 is 65mm
  • the distance between far vision and The difference in half-field angle for myopia is 5°.
  • the optical parameters of the first lens 10 and the second lens 20 are specifically shown in Table 1 below.
  • the imaging field of view angle is 103.2°.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the point diagram of the optical module
  • Figure 4 is the MTF curve of the optical module
  • Figure 5 is the field of the optical module Curvature distortion diagram
  • Figure 6 is the vertical axis chromatic aberration diagram of the optical module.
  • the point diagram refers to the fact that after many rays emitted from one point pass through the optical module, the intersection points with the image plane are no longer concentrated at the same point due to aberration, and a diffusion pattern is formed that is spread over a certain range. It can be used to evaluate optics.
  • the imaging quality of the module As shown in Figure 3, the RMS radii of the spot diagrams of all fields of view are not much different, and the largest RMS radius is less than 8mm.
  • the MTF curve is a modulation transfer function diagram that characterizes the imaging clarity of the optical module through the contrast of black and white line pairs. As shown in Figure 4, MTF is >0.8 at 15lp/mm, and the image is clear.
  • the field curvature distortion diagram reflects the difference in the position of the image plane that forms a clear image in different fields of view. As shown in Figure 5, the maximum field curvature occurs near the field of view of 0.7, and the maximum value is less than 0.4mm. The distortion reflects the deformation of the imaging. , the maximum distortion occurs in 1 field of view, and the maximum value is less than 40%.
  • Vertical axis chromatic aberration is also called magnification chromatic aberration. It mainly refers to a polychromatic principal ray on the object side. Due to the dispersion in the refraction system, it becomes multiple rays when it emerges on the image side. The focus positions of blue light and red light on the image plane are different. difference. As shown in Figure 6, the maximum dispersion is at the 1 field of view position of the system, and the maximum chromatic aberration value of the optical module is less than 350 ⁇ m.
  • the imaging field of view angle is 100 degrees
  • the first lens 10 is controlled to translate 1.68mm to the side away from the second lens 20 (right in Figure 7 ), at this time, the maximum distance T1 between the second surface 12 and the third surface 21 is 5.17 mm.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the point diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 8, the RMS radii of the spot diagrams of all fields of view are not much different, and the largest RMS radius is less than 8mm.
  • Figure 9 is the MTF curve of the optical module. As shown in Figure 9, MTF is >0.75 at 15lp/mm, and the image is clear.
  • Figure 10 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 10, the maximum field curvature occurs near the 0.7 field of view, and the maximum value is less than 0.4mm. The maximum distortion occurs at the 1 field of view, and the maximum value is less than 35%.
  • Figure 11 is the vertical axis color difference diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 11, the maximum dispersion is at the 1 field of view position of the system, and the maximum chromatic aberration value of the optical module is less than 350 ⁇ m.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the point diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 13, the RMS radii of the spot diagrams of all fields of view are not much different, and the largest RMS radius is less than 21mm.
  • Figure 14 is the MTF curve of the optical module. As shown in Figure 14, MTF is >0.45 at 15lp/mm, and the image is clear.
  • Figure 15 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 15, the maximum value of field curvature is less than 0.75mm, and the maximum value of distortion is less than 45%.
  • Figure 16 is a vertical axis color difference diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 16, the maximum dispersion is at the 1 field of view position of the system, and the maximum chromatic aberration value of the optical module is less than 400 ⁇ m.
  • the optical module provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application is shown in Figures 17 and 22.
  • the optical module includes a first lens 10 and a second lens 20.
  • the first lens 10 includes a first surface 11 and a second lens 20.
  • Surface 12 the second lens 20 includes a third surface 21 and a fourth surface 22, the second surface 12 and the third surface 21 are arranged adjacently;
  • the optical module also includes a spectroscopic element 40, a first phase retarder 50, a polarizing reflective element 60 and a polarizing element 70; the spectroscopic element 40 is mounted on the first surface 11, and the first phase retarder 50; The polarized reflective element 60 and the polarizing element are stacked to form a film layer structure and mounted on the third surface 21 of the second lens 20, wherein the polarized reflective element 60 is connected to the third surface 21;
  • the maximum movable distance T1 of 21 is 9.23mm.
  • the minimum movable distance T2 of the second surface 12 relative to the third surface 21 is 2.71mm.
  • the optical effective diameter D1 of the first lens 10 is 65mm.
  • the difference in half field angle from myopia is 1.5°. This constraint can ensure that the picture displayed on the display 80 is not missing through different diopter adjustments when the eye distance is fixed.
  • the optical parameters of the first lens 10 and the second lens 20 are specifically shown in Table 2 below.
  • the imaging field of view angle is 100°
  • the maximum distance T1 between the second surface 12 and the third surface 21 is 9.23 mm.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the point diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 18, the RMS radii of the spot diagrams of all fields of view are not much different, and the largest RMS radius is less than 18mm.
  • Figure 19 is the MTF curve of the optical module. As shown in Figure 19, MTF is >0.5 at 15lp/mm, and the image is clear.
  • Figure 20 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 20, the maximum value of field curvature is less than 0.4mm, and the maximum value of distortion is less than 35%.
  • Figure 21 is a vertical axis color difference diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 21, the maximum dispersion is at the 1 field of view position of the system, and the maximum chromatic aberration value of the optical module is less than 240 ⁇ m.
  • the imaging field of view angle is 110°
  • the minimum distance T2 between the second surface 12 and the third surface 21 is 2.71 mm.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the point diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 23, the RMS radii of the spot diagrams of all fields of view are not much different, and the largest RMS radius is less than 19mm.
  • Figure 24 is the MTF curve of the optical module. As shown in Figure 24, MTF is >0.5 at 15lp/mm, and the image is clear.
  • Figure 25 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 25, the maximum value of field curvature is less than 0.35mm, and the maximum value of distortion is less than 35%.
  • Figure 26 is a vertical axis chromatic aberration diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 26, the maximum dispersion is at the 1 field of view position of the system, and the maximum chromatic aberration value of the optical module is less than 350 ⁇ m.
  • the optical module provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application is shown in Figures 27 and 32.
  • the optical module includes a first lens 10 and a second lens 20.
  • the first lens 10 includes a first surface 11 and a second lens.
  • Surface 12 the second lens 20 includes a third surface 21 and a fourth surface 22, the second surface 12 and the third surface 21 are arranged adjacently;
  • the optical module also includes a spectroscopic element 40, a first phase retarder 50, a polarizing reflective element 60 and a polarizing element 70; the spectroscopic element 40 is mounted on the first surface 11, and the first phase retarder 50; The polarized reflective element 60 and the polarizing element are stacked to form a film layer structure and mounted on the third surface 21 of the second lens 20, wherein the polarized reflective element 60 is connected to the third surface 21;
  • the maximum movable distance T1 of 21 is 9.3mm.
  • the minimum movable distance T2 of the second surface 12 relative to the third surface 21 is 2.88mm.
  • the optical effective diameter D1 of the first lens 10 is 65mm.
  • the difference in half field angle from myopia is 1.5°. This constraint can ensure that the picture displayed on the display 80 is not missing through different diopter adjustments when the eye distance is fixed.
  • the optical parameters of the first lens 10 and the second lens 20 are specifically shown in Table 3 below.
  • the imaging field of view angle is 100°
  • the maximum distance T1 between the second surface 12 and the third surface 21 is 9.3 mm.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the point diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 28, the RMS radii of the spot diagrams of all fields of view are not much different, and the largest RMS radius is less than 15mm.
  • Figure 29 is the MTF curve of the optical module. As shown in Figure 29, MTF is >0.5 at 15lp/mm, and the image is clear.
  • Figure 30 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 30, the maximum value of field curvature is less than 1.2mm, and the maximum value of distortion is less than 35%.
  • Figure 31 is a vertical axis color difference diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 31, the maximum dispersion is at the 1 field of view position of the system, and the maximum chromatic aberration value of the optical module is less than 250 ⁇ m.
  • the imaging field of view angle is 110°
  • the minimum distance T2 between the second surface 12 and the third surface 21 is 2.88 mm.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of the point diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 33, the RMS radii of the spot diagrams of all fields of view are not much different, and the largest RMS radius is less than 24mm.
  • Figure 34 is the MTF curve of the optical module. As shown in Figure 34, MTF is >0.4 at 15lp/mm, and the image is clear.
  • Figure 35 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 35, the maximum value of field curvature is less than 5mm, and the maximum value of distortion is less than 35%.
  • Figure 36 is a vertical axis color difference diagram of the optical module. As shown in Figure 36, the maximum dispersion is at the 1 field of view position of the system, and the maximum chromatic aberration value of the optical module is less than 350 ⁇ m.
  • the optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application can effectively control the distortion values under different diopters through the same eye distance and different visual field angles under different diopters, thus ensuring the same kind of distortion pre-correction (applicable to different vision situation.
  • Example 1 the distortion in the far-sighted case is -36%, the near-sighted case has a distortion of -40%, and the distortion difference is 4%, which is ⁇ 5%.
  • Example 2 the distortion is -30.5% in the far-sighted case and -31.7% in the myopic case, and the distortion difference is 1.2%, which is ⁇ 5%.
  • Example 3 the distortion is -33.9% in the far-sighted case and -32.7% in the myopic case, and the distortion difference is 1.2%, which is ⁇ 5%.
  • the distortion in myopia and hyperopia can be less than 5°.
  • a head-mounted display device is also provided.
  • the head-mounted display device includes a housing and the optical module as described above.
  • the head-mounted display device is, for example, a VR head-mounted device, including VR glasses or VR helmets, etc. This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
  • the specific implementation of the head-mounted display device according to the embodiment of the present application may refer to the above-mentioned embodiments of the display module, and will not be described again here.

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Abstract

一种光学模组以及头戴显示设备；其中，光学模组包括第一透镜(10)及第二透镜(20)，第一透镜(10)包括第一表面(11)和第二表面(12)，第二透镜(20)包括第三表面(21)和第四表面(22)，第二表面(12)与第三表面(21)为相邻设置；光学模组还包括分光元件(40)、第一相位延迟器(50)及偏振反射元件(60)，分光元件(40)位于第一表面(11)的一侧，第一相位延迟器(50)与偏振反射元件(60)位于第二透镜(20)的任一侧；第一透镜(10)被配置为能够相对于第二透镜(20)发生平移，且满足：0.05<2*(T1-T2)/D1<0.3，其中，T1为第二表面(12)距离第三表面(21)的最大距离，T2为第二表面(12)距离第三表面(21)的最小距离，D1为第一透镜(10)的光学有效口径。头戴显示设备在固定眼距不变下实现视度调节过程中成像画面不缺失。

Description

光学模组以及头戴显示设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及近眼显示成像技术领域，更具体地，本申请实施例涉及一种光学模组以及头戴显示设备。
背景技术
近年来，增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)技术及虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)技术等在例如头戴显示设备中得到了应用并快速发展。增强现实技术和虚拟现实技术的核心部件均是光学模组。
通常在光学模组的设计中，人眼距离光学模组中近眼一侧的光学镜片的距离是固定的，即眼距是固定的。然而，不同的使用者在应用同一光学模组时，眼距实际是不同的，这是因为视度正常的使用者与近视或者远视的使用者会因视度矫正需要(佩戴眼镜或者不佩戴眼镜)导致眼距不同，这可能会导致不同眼距群体在进行虚拟体验时观看到的图像会有不同程度的缺失，不能观察到完整的画面。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种光学模组以及头戴显示设备的新技术方案。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种光学模组，所述光学模组包括第一透镜及第二透镜，所述第一透镜包括第一表面和第二表面，所述第二透镜包括第三表面和第四表面，所述第二表面与所述第三表面为相邻设置；
所述光学模组还包括分光元件、第一相位延迟器及偏振反射元件，所述分光元件位于所述第一表面的一侧，所述第一相位延迟器与所述偏振反射元件位于所述第二透镜的任一侧；
所述第一透镜被配置为能够相对于所述第二透镜发生平移，且满足：0.05<2*(T1-T2)/D1<0.3，其中，T1为所述第二表面距离所述第三表面的最 大距离，T2为所述第二表面距离所述第三表面的最小距离，D1为所述第一透镜的光学有效口径。
可选地，述第一透镜被配置为能够朝向远离或者靠近所述第二透镜的方向发生平移，且满足：0.1<2*(T1-T2)/D1<0.2。
可选地，所述第一透镜能够相对于所述第二透镜平移4mm～5.5mm。
可选地，所述光学模组在远视半视场角度与近视半视场角度下的差异量a为：0°＜a＜10°。
可选地，所述第一透镜的中心厚度T 1为3mm＜T 1＜8mm；
所述第二透镜的中心厚度T 2为3mm＜T 2＜8mm。
可选地，所述第一表面和所述第二表面均为非球面；
所述第三表面为平面或者非球面，所述第四表面为非球面。
可选地，所述第一相位延迟器和所述偏振反射元件依次设置在所述第二表面与所述第三表面之间。
可选地，所述光学模组还包括偏光元件，所述偏光元件位于所述偏振反射元件与所述第三表面之间。
可选地，所述偏光元件、所述偏振反射元件及所述第一相位延迟器呈层叠设置形成膜层结构并贴设于所述第三表面，其中，所述偏光元件与所述第三表面连接。
可选地，所述分光元件的反射率为47％至53％。
可选地，所述光学模组还包括显示器，所述显示器的出光面被配置为能够发射圆偏振光或者线偏振光；
当所述显示器的出光面发射的光线为线偏振光时，在所述显示器的出光面与所述第一透镜的第一表面之间设置有第二相位延迟器，所述第二相位延迟器用以将线偏振光转变为圆偏振光。
可选地，所述分光元件贴装于所述第一表面；或者，
所述分光元件位于在所述显示器的出光面与所述第一表面之间。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种头戴显示设备，所述头戴显示设备包括：
壳体；以及
如上所述的光学模组。
根据本申请的实施例，提供了一种折叠光路方案，可以通过变换光学模组中近入光一侧的第一透镜相对于第二透镜的位置来实现视度调节，同时还通过约束第一透镜相对于第二透镜可移动的极限距离差值与第一透镜本身的有效光学口径之间的关系来实现在固定眼距不变的情况下视度调节过程中显示画面不缺失，可以使用户获得较佳的视觉体验感。
通过以下参照附图对本说明书的示例性实施例的详细描述，本说明书的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本说明书的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本说明书的原理。
图1为本申请实施例提供的光学模组的结构示意图之一；
图2为本申请实施例提供的光学模组的局部结构示意图；
图3为图1示出的光学模组的点阵列的示意图；
图4为图1示出的光学模组的MTF曲线图；
图5为图1示出的光学模组的场曲畸变图；
图6为图1示出的光学模组的垂轴色差图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的光学模组的结构示意图之二；
图8为图7示出的光学模组的点阵列的示意图；
图9为图7示出的光学模组的MTF曲线图；
图10为图7示出的光学模组的场曲畸变图；
图11为图7示出的光学模组的垂轴色差图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的光学模组的结构示意图之三；
图13为图12示出的光学模组的点阵列的示意图；
图14为图12示出的光学模组的MTF曲线图；
图15为图12示出的光学模组的场曲畸变图；
图16为图12示出的光学模组的垂轴色差图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的光学模组的结构示意图之四；
图18为图17示出的光学模组的点阵列的示意图；
图19为图17示出的光学模组的MTF曲线图；
图20为图17示出的光学模组的场曲畸变图；
图21为图17示出的光学模组的垂轴色差图；
图22为本申请实施例提供的光学模组的结构示意图之五；
图23为图22示出的光学模组的点阵列的示意图；
图24为图22示出的光学模组的MTF曲线图；
图25为图22示出的光学模组的场曲畸变图；
图26为图22示出的光学模组的垂轴色差图；
图27为本申请实施例提供的光学模组的结构示意图之六；
图28为图27示出的光学模组的点阵列的示意图；
图29为图27示出的光学模组的MTF曲线图；
图30为图27示出的光学模组的场曲畸变图；
图31为图27示出的光学模组的垂轴色差图；
图32为本申请实施例提供的光学模组的结构示意图之七；
图33为图32示出的光学模组的点阵列的示意图；
图34为图32示出的光学模组的MTF曲线图；
图35为图32示出的光学模组的场曲畸变图；
图36为图32示出的光学模组的垂轴色差图。
附图标记说明：
10、第一透镜；11、第一表面；12、第二表面；20、第二透镜；21、第三表面；22、第四表面；30、抗反射膜；40、分光元件；50、相位延迟器；60、偏振反射元件；70、偏光元件；80、显示器；81、保护玻璃；01、人眼。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本申请的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本申请的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作 为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
下面结合附图1至图36对本申请实施例提供的光学模组以及头戴显示设备进行详细地描述。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，提供了一种光学模组，该光学模组为一种折叠光路光学结构设计，其可以包含2个光学镜片，可适合应用于头戴显示设备(Head mounted display，HMD)。例如，VR头戴设备，如可以包括VR眼镜或者VR头盔等，本申请实施例对此不做具体限制。
本申请实施例提供了一种光学模组，如图1、图2、图7、图12、图17、图22、图27及图32所示，所述光学模组包括第一透镜10及第二透镜20，所述第一透镜10包括第一表面11和第二表面12，所述第二透镜20包括第三表面21和第四表面22，所述第二表面12与所述第三表面21为相邻设置；
所述光学模组还包括分光元件40、第一相位延迟器50及偏振反射元件60，所述分光元件40位于所述第一表面11的一侧，所述第一相位延迟器50与所述偏振反射元件60位于所述第二透镜20的任一侧；
所述第一透镜10被配置为能够相对于所述第二透镜20发生平移，且满足：0.05<2*(T1-T2)/D1<0.3，其中，T1为所述第二表面12距离所述第三表面21的最大距离，T2为所述第二表面12距离所述第三表面21的最小距离，D1为所述第一透镜10的光学有效口径。
在本申请实施例提供的光学模组中，第一透镜10(靠近入光的一侧设置)并非是固定不动的，其被设计为在光学模组中的位置可以相对于第二 透镜20进行一定的调整，而靠近人眼01一侧的第二透镜20的位置是固定不变的。
根据本申请的实施例，提供了一种折叠光路方案，可以通过变换光学模组中近入光一侧的第一透镜相对于第二透镜的位置来实现视度调节，同时还通过约束第一透镜相对于第二透镜可移动的极限距离差值与第一透镜本身的有效光学口径之间的关系来实现在固定眼距不变的情况下视度调节过程中显示画面不缺失，可以使用户获得较佳的视觉体验感。
本申请的实施例中，第一透镜10与第二透镜20之间可以保持一定的固定间隔，该固定间隔的范围可以为2mm～4mm，此处可参见下文中的表1至表3示出的参数。
当需要调整光学模组中的第一透镜10时，可以将第一透镜10相对于第二透镜20向左平移或者向右移平移，以使第一透镜10靠近第二透镜20或者远离第二透镜20，以此来实现同一眼距下的视度调节。其中，视度调节可以是近视调节，也可以是远视调节。使得本申请实施例的光学模组可以应用于不同视度的人群，在同一眼距下能实现提供完整的成像画面。
此外，移动第一透镜10的方式例如可以通过驱动机构，本领域技术人员可根据需要灵活设计，本申请实施例中对此不作限制。
本申请的实施例中，在移动第一透镜10时要控制满足如下约束条件：0.05<2*(T1-T2)/D1<0.3。其中，如图7所示，T1为第一透镜10移动至位于第二透镜20最右侧的极限位置，D1为第一透镜10的光学有效口径。如图8所示，T2为第一透镜10移动至位于第二透镜20最左侧的极限位置。通过满足该约束条件，可以保证在固定眼距的情况下，通过合理的视度调节，保证不同视度的群体观察到的显示成像画面不缺失。
根据本申请的实施例，提供了一种折叠光路方案，在光路结构中通过合理移动第一透镜10相对于第二透镜20的位置，使得第一透镜10与第二透镜20之间保持合适的距离，这样可以使光学模组实现在固定眼距不变的情况下实现视度调节过程中显示的成像画面不会发生缺失的情况。
本申请实施例提供的光学模组，不仅包括有透镜组，还包括有如上述的分光元件40、第一相位延迟器50及偏振反射元件60。
其中，分光元件40例如为薄膜状结构。
分光元件40例如可以位于第一透镜10入光的一侧，也即位于第一透镜10的第一表面11一侧。当然，分光元件40也可以被直接贴装在第一透镜10的第一表面11上。本领域技术人员可以根据需要灵活调整分光元件40的具体位置。
其中，第一相位延迟器50可用于改变折叠光路结构中光线的偏振状态。例如，能够将线偏振光转化为圆偏振光，又或者将圆偏振光转化为线偏振光。
其中，偏振反射元件60可用于透过P偏振光反射S偏振光；或者，偏振反射元件60可用于透过S偏振光反射P偏振光。
第一相位延迟器50与偏振反射元件60配合可用于解析光线并对光线进行传递。
例如，第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60可以为薄膜状结构。
第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60例如可以设置在第二透镜20的任一侧。当然，第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60也可以在第二透镜20的任一表面上。本领域技术人员可以根据需要灵活调整第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60的具体位置。
此外，第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60二者可以贴设在一起，二者也可以呈间隔设置，本申请实施例中对此不作具体限制。
本申请实施例提供的光学模组：入射的光线经第一透镜10透射，经过第二透镜20的第三表面21反射，经过第一透镜10的第二表面12透射，经过第一表面11反射，经过第二表面12、第二透镜20透射之后，光线打入人眼01。
本申请实施例提供的光学模组，其是一种折叠光路光学结构设计，如图1、图7、图12、图17、图22、图27及图32所示，光学模组中的各个光学镜片及光学元件可以按照设定的方式排列，并位于同一光轴上。整个光路结构的尺寸较小，并不会占用较大的空间。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述第一透镜10被配置为能够朝向远离或者靠近所述第二透镜20的方向发生平移，且满足：0.1<2*(T1-T2)/D1<0.2。
如图7所示，T1为第一透镜10移动至位于第二透镜20最右侧的极限位置，D1为第一透镜10的光学有效口径。
如图8所示，T2为第一透镜10移动至位于第二透镜20最左侧的极限位置。
通过进一步优化约束条件，可以更好的保证不同视度的群体在同一固定眼距的情况下，所观察到的成像画面不会缺失。还可以使形成的图像的畸变差异较小，成像画面的质感更好、更清晰。
例如，所述第一透镜10被配置为能够朝向远离或者靠近所述第二透镜20的方向发生平移，且满足：2*(T1-T2)/D1为0.15。
又例如，所述第一透镜10被配置为能够朝向远离或者靠近所述第二透镜20的方向发生平移，且满足：2*(T1-T2)/D1为0.1。
再例如，所述第一透镜10被配置为能够朝向远离或者靠近所述第二透镜20的方向发生平移，且满足：2*(T1-T2)/D1为0.2。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述第一透镜10能够相对于所述第二透镜20平移4mm～5.5mm。
也就是说，在本申请实施例提供的光学模组中，第一透镜10被设计为其可以朝向靠近第二透镜20的方向发生一定的平移，如图8所示，第二透镜20可以接近第一透镜10。并且，第一透镜10还可以朝向远离第二透镜20的方向发生平移，如图7所示，此时第一透镜10为远离第二透镜20。
需要说明的是，第一透镜10无论是朝向靠近第二透镜20的方向移动，还是朝向远离第二透镜20的方向移动，二者之间可移动的最大范围为上述的4mm～5.5mm。在该范围内，通过调整第一透镜10在光路结构中相对于第二透镜20的位置，可以实现在固定眼距下不同视度的调节。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述光学模组在远视半视场角度与近视半视场角度下的差异量a为：0°＜a＜10°。
本申请的实施例中，通过不同视度下视场角度的差异约束，可以控制不同视度下的畸变值，这样可以保证同一种畸变预矫正适用于不同的视度情形。
本申请的实施例中，近视情况下的半视场角度与远视情况下的半视场角度的差异量可以达到小于10°，甚至可以达到小于5°。
也就是说，本申请实施例提供的方案，可以通过约束第一透镜10移动的距离与第一透镜10本身的有效光学口径D1，以及视场角度来实现在固定眼 距不变的情况下在视度调节过程中显示画面不会缺失。
本申请的实施例中，对近视和远视的视度范围不做限定。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述第一透镜10的中心厚度T 1为3mm＜T 1＜8mm；所述第二透镜20的中心厚度T 2为3mm＜T 2＜6mm。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述第一表面11和所述第二表面12均为非球面；所述第三表面21为平面或者非球面，所述第四表面22为非球面。
其中，第一透镜10和第二透镜20的光焦度均为正。
例如，第一透镜10的光焦度φ 1满足：0<φ 1<0.1。
例如，第二透镜20的光焦度φ 2满足：0<φ 2<0.01。
在本申请的实施例中，第一透镜10被设计位于整个光学模组入光的一侧。入射的光线可以透过第一透镜10，并在第一透镜10的不同表面上经折转后射入第二透镜20。
可选的是，在第一透镜10的第二表面12或一侧设置可以抗反射膜。如此，在第一透镜10的两侧分别设置分光元件40和抗反射膜。
可选的是，如图2所示，在第二透镜20的两侧可以分别设置抗反射膜，这使得光线可以尽可能完整的射入人眼01中显示图像。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述第一透镜10及所述第二透镜20的折射率n为：1.4＜n＜1.7；所述第一透镜10及所述第二透镜20的色散系数v为：20＜v＜75。
例如，第一透镜10的折射率n 1为1.54，色散系数v 1为56.3；第二透镜20的折射率n 2为1.54，色散系数v 2为55.7。
本领域技术人员可以根据具体需要对上述的光学参数进行合理的调整。
在本申请的一些示例中，如图1及图2所示，所述第一相位延迟器50和所述偏振反射元件60可以依次设置在所述第二表面12与所述第三表面21之间。
其中，第一相位延迟器50例如为四分之一波片。
第一相位延迟器50与偏振反射元件60配合可用于解析光线，并对光线进行传递。
例如，第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60均可以为薄膜状结构， 二者可以贴合在一起。
例如，第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60贴合在一起并设置在第二透镜20的第三表面21与第一透镜10的第二表面12之间的合适位置；或者，使第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60贴合在一起并设置在靠近第二透镜20的第三表面21的合适位置处。
当然，第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60二者也可以直接贴设在第二透镜20的第三表面21。
此外，第一相位延迟器50可以设置在第二透镜20的第三表面21的一侧，偏振反射元件60可以设置在第二透镜20的第四表面22的一侧。第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60在光路结构中呈间隔设置。
本领域技术人员可以根据需要对第一相位延迟器50和偏振反射元件60的具体位置进行合理的调整。
在本申请的一些示例中，如图2所示，所述光学模组还包括偏光元件70，所述偏光元件70可以位于所述偏振反射元件60与所述第三表面21之间。
其中，偏光元件70例如为偏光膜，其可以用以减少杂散光。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述偏光元件70、所述偏振反射元件60及所述第一相位延迟器50为层叠设置形成膜层结构，并贴设于所述第三表面21，其中的所述偏光元件70与所述第三表面21连接。
也就是说，在本申请的实施例中，可以将偏光元件70、偏振反射元件60及第一相位延迟器50依次叠设形成复合膜层，再将该复合膜层贴装到第二透镜20的第三表面21。
可选的是，该复合膜层的第一相位延迟器50上还可以贴装抗反射膜30，如图2所示。这样，在第三表面21上可以依次层叠设置偏光元件70、偏振反射元件60、第一相位延迟器50及抗反射膜30。
同时，还可以在第二透镜20的第四表面22上也设置有抗反射膜。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述分光元件40的反射率为47％至53％。
例如，分光元件40可以为半透半反射膜。
在本申请的一些示例中，如图1、图7、图12、图17、图22、图27 及图32所示，所述光学模组还包括显示器80，所述显示器80的出光面被配置为能够发射圆偏振光或者线偏振光；
当所述显示器80的出光面发射的光线为线偏振光时，在所述显示器80的出光面与所述第一透镜10的第一表面11之间设置有第二相位延迟器，所述第二相位延迟器用以将线偏振光转变为圆偏振光。
本申请的实施例中，光学模组可以包括显示器80，该显示器80的出光面设置有保护玻璃81，该显示器80的出光面可以朝向第一透镜10发出光线。
本申请的实施例中，第二相位延迟器可以设置在显示器80的出光面上，或者设置在显示器80与第一透镜10之间合适的位置处，或者可以设置在靠近显示器80的出光面的合适位置处。
在本申请的一些示例中，所述分光元件40贴装在所述第一表面11；或者，所述分光元件40设置在所述显示器80的出光面与所述第一表面11之间。
同时，还可以在第一透镜10的第二表面12上设置抗反射膜。
根据本申请实施例提供的光学模组，光线的传播过程如下：
如图1所示，显示器80发出圆偏振光，经显示器80出光面的保护玻璃81、第一透镜10透射，经过第二透镜20的第三表面21的第一相位延迟器50变成线偏振光(S光)，经过偏振反射元件60反射，经过第一相位延迟器50变成圆偏振光，经过第一透镜10的第二表面12透射，经过第一透镜10的第一表面11反射，经过第二表面12透射，经过第一表面11反射，经过第二表面12透射，经过第三表面21的第一相位延迟器50变成线偏振光(P光)，经过第二透镜20透射，最终将光线打入人眼01。
以下通过三个实施例对本申请实施例提供的光学模组进行具体说明。
实施例1
本申请实施例1提供的光学模组，可分别如图1、图7及图12所示，所述光学模组包括第一透镜10及第二透镜20，所述第一透镜10包括第一表面11和第二表面12，所述第二透镜20包括第三表面21和第四表面22，所述第二表面12与所述第三表面21为相邻设置；
所述光学模组还包括分光元件40、第一相位延迟器50、偏振反射元件60及偏光元件70；所述分光元件40贴装在所述第一表面11，所述第一相位延迟器50、所述偏振反射元件60及所述偏光元件层叠设置形成膜层结构，并贴装在所述第二透镜20的第三表面21，其中，所述偏振反射元件60与第三表面21相连；
其中，所述第一透镜10被配置为能够相对于所述第二透镜20发生平移，且满足2*(T1-T2)/D1＝0.15，所述第二表面12相对于所述第三表面21可移动的最大距离T1为5.17，所述第二表面12相对于所述第三表面21可移动的最小距离T2为0.3mm，所述第一透镜10的光学有效口径D1为65mm，远视与近视半视场角度差异为5°。通过该约束，可以保证在固定眼距的情况下，通过不同视度调节保证显示器80显示的画面不缺失。
在本实施例1提供的光学模组中，第一透镜10及第二透镜20的光学参数具体可如下表1。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022101470-appb-000001
如图1所示，在视度为0的情况下，成像的视场角度为103.2°。
针对图1示出的光学模组，如图3～图6所示：图3是光学模组的点列图示意图，图4是光学模组的MTF曲线图，图5是光学模组的场曲畸变图，图6是光学模组的垂轴色差图。
点列图是指由一点发射出的许多光线经光学模组之后，因像差使其与像面的交点不再集中于同一点，而形成了一个散布在一定范围的弥散图形，可于评价光学模组的成像质量。如图3所示，所有视场的点列图RMS半径相差不大，最大的RMS半径小于8mm。
MTF曲线图是调制传递函数图，通过黑白线对的对比度表征光学模组的 成像清晰度。如图4所示，MTF在15lp/mm下>0.8，成像清晰。
场曲畸变图反应的是不同视场成清晰像的像面位置差异，如图5所示，场曲最大发生在0.7视场附近，最大值小于0.4mm，畸变反应的是成像发生的形变状况，畸变最大发生在1视场，最大值小于40％。
垂轴色差又称为倍率色差，主要是指物方的一根复色主光线，因折射系统存在色散，在像方出射时变成多根光线，蓝光与红光在像面上的焦点位置的差值。如图6所示，最大色散为系统的1视场位置，光学模组的最大色差值小于350μm。
如图7所示，在远视200度的情况下，成像的视场角度为100°，控制所述第一透镜10向远离所述第二透镜20的一侧平移1.68mm(图7中为右移)，此时，所述第二表面12距离所述第三表面21的最大距离T1为5.17mm。
针对图7示出的光学模组，如图8～图11所示：
图8是光学模组的点列图示意图。如图8所示，所有视场的点列图RMS半径相差不大，最大的RMS半径小于8mm。
图9是光学模组的MTF曲线图。如图9所示，MTF在15lp/mm下>0.75，成像清晰。
图10是光学模组的场曲畸变图。如图10所示，场曲最大发生在0.7视场附近，最大值小于0.4mm，畸变最大发生在1视场，最大值小于35％。
图11是光学模组的垂轴色差图。如图11所示，最大色散为系统的1视场位置，光学模组的最大色差值小于350μm。
如图12所示，在近视500度的情况下，成像的视场角度为110°，所述第一透镜10向靠近所述第二透镜20的一侧平移2.9mm(图12中为左移)，此时，所述第二表面12距离所述第三表面21的最小距离T2为0.3mm。
针对图12示出的光学模组，如图13～图16所示：
图13是光学模组的点列图示意图。如图13所示，所有视场的点列图RMS半径相差不大，最大的RMS半径小于21mm。
图14是光学模组的MTF曲线图。如图14所示，MTF在15lp/mm下>0.45，成像清晰。
图15是光学模组的场曲畸变图。如图15所示，场曲最大值小于0.75mm， 畸变最大值小于45％。
图16是光学模组的垂轴色差图。如图16所示，最大色散为系统的1视场位置，光学模组的最大色差值小于400μm。
实施例2
本申请实施例2提供的光学模组，如图17及图22所示，所述光学模组包括第一透镜10及第二透镜20，所述第一透镜10包括第一表面11和第二表面12，所述第二透镜20包括第三表面21和第四表面22，所述第二表面12与所述第三表面21为相邻设置；
所述光学模组还包括分光元件40、第一相位延迟器50、偏振反射元件60及偏光元件70；所述分光元件40贴装在所述第一表面11，所述第一相位延迟器50、所述偏振反射元件60及所述偏光元件层叠设置形成膜层结构，并贴装在所述第二透镜20的第三表面21，其中，所述偏振反射元件60与第三表面21相连；
其中，所述第一透镜10被配置为能够相对于所述第二透镜20发生平移，且满足2*(T1-T2)/D1＝0.2，所述第二表面12相对于所述第三表面21可移动的最大距离T1为9.23mm，所述第二表面12相对于所述第三表面21可移动的最小距离T2为2.71mm，所述第一透镜10的光学有效口径D1为65mm，远视与近视半视场角度差异为1.5°。通过该约束可以保证在固定眼距的情况下，通过不同视度调节，保证显示器80显示的画面不缺失。
在本实施例2提供的光学模组中，第一透镜10及第二透镜20的光学参数具体可如下表2。
表2
Figure PCTCN2022101470-appb-000002
如图17所示，在远视200度的情况下，成像的视场角度为100°，所述第二表面12距离所述第三表面21的最大距离T1为9.23mm。
针对图17示出的光学模组，如图18～图21所示：
图18是光学模组的点列图示意图。如图18所示，所有视场的点列图RMS半径相差不大，最大的RMS半径小于18mm。
图19是光学模组的MTF曲线图。如图19所示，MTF在15lp/mm下>0.5，成像清晰。
图20是光学模组的场曲畸变图。如图20所示，场曲最大值小于0.4mm，畸变最大值小于35％。
图21是光学模组的垂轴色差图。如图21所示，最大色散为系统的1视场位置，光学模组的最大色差值小于240μm。
如图22所示，在近视500度的情况下，成像的视场角度为110°，所述第二表面12距离所述第三表面21的最小距离T2为2.71mm。
针对图22示出的光学模组，如图23～图26所示：
图23是光学模组的点列图示意图。如图23所示，所有视场的点列图RMS半径相差不大，最大的RMS半径小于19mm。
图24是光学模组的MTF曲线图。如图24所示，MTF在15lp/mm下>0.5，成像清晰。
图25是光学模组的场曲畸变图。如图25所示，场曲最大值小于0.35mm，畸变最大值小于35％。
图26是光学模组的垂轴色差图。如图26所示，最大色散为系统的1视场位置，光学模组的最大色差值小于350μm。
实施例3
本申请实施例3提供的光学模组，如图27及图32所示，所述光学模组包括第一透镜10及第二透镜20，所述第一透镜10包括第一表面11和第二表面12，所述第二透镜20包括第三表面21和第四表面22，所述第二表面12与所述第三表面21为相邻设置；
所述光学模组还包括分光元件40、第一相位延迟器50、偏振反射元件 60及偏光元件70；所述分光元件40贴装在所述第一表面11，所述第一相位延迟器50、所述偏振反射元件60及所述偏光元件层叠设置形成膜层结构，并贴装在所述第二透镜20的第三表面21，其中，所述偏振反射元件60与第三表面21相连；
其中，所述第一透镜10被配置为能够相对于所述第二透镜20发生平移，且满足2*(T1-T2)/D1＝0.1，所述第二表面12相对于所述第三表面21可移动的最大距离T1为9.3mm，所述第二表面12相对于所述第三表面21可移动的最小距离T2为2.88mm，所述第一透镜10的光学有效口径D1为65mm，远视与近视半视场角度差异为1.5°。通过该约束可以保证在固定眼距的情况下，通过不同视度调节，保证显示器80显示的画面不缺失。
本实施例3提供的光学模组中，第一透镜10及第二透镜20的光学参数具体可如下表3。
表3
Figure PCTCN2022101470-appb-000003
如图27所示，在远视200度的情况下，成像的视场角度为100°，所述第二表面12距离所述第三表面21的最大距离T1为9.3mm。
针对图27示出的光学模组，如图28～图31所示：
图28是光学模组的点列图示意图。如图28所示，所有视场的点列图RMS半径相差不大，最大的RMS半径小于15mm。
图29是光学模组的MTF曲线图。如图29所示，MTF在15lp/mm下>0.5，成像清晰。
图30是光学模组的场曲畸变图。如图30所示，场曲最大值小于1.2mm，畸变最大值小于35％。
图31是光学模组的垂轴色差图。如图31所示，最大色散为系统的1视场 位置，光学模组的最大色差值小于250μm。
如图32所示，在近视500度的情况下，成像的视场角度为110°，所述第二表面12距离所述第三表面21的最小距离T2为2.88mm。
针对图32示出的光学模组，如图33～图36所示：
图33是光学模组的点列图示意图。如图33所示，所有视场的点列图RMS半径相差不大，最大的RMS半径小于24mm。
图34是光学模组的MTF曲线图。如图34所示，MTF在15lp/mm下>0.4，成像清晰。
图35是光学模组的场曲畸变图。如图35所示，场曲最大值小于5mm，畸变最大值小于35％。
图36是光学模组的垂轴色差图。如图36所示，最大色散为系统的1视场位置，光学模组的最大色差值小于350μm。
本申请实施例提供的光学模组，通过同一眼距，不同视度下视场角度的差异约束，可以有效控制不同视度下的畸变值，这样可以保证同一种畸变预矫正(适用于不同的视度情形。
在实施例1中，远视情况畸变为-36％，近视情况畸变为-40％，畸变差异为4％，其<5％。
在实施例2中，远视情况畸变为-30.5％，近视情况畸变为-31.7％，畸变差异为1.2％，其<5％。
在实施例3中，远视情况畸变为-33.9％，近视情况畸变为-32.7％，畸变差异为1.2％，其<5％。
本申请的实施例中，近视情况畸变与远视情况畸变可以达到小于5°。
根据本申请实施例的另一方面，还提供了一种头戴显示设备，所述头戴显示设备包括壳体，以及如上述所述的光学模组。
所述头戴显示设备例如为VR头戴设备，包括VR眼镜或者VR头盔等，本申请实施例对此不做具体限制。
本申请实施例的头戴显示设备的具体实施方式可以参照上述显示模组各实施例，在此不再赘述。
上文实施例中重点描述的是各个实施例之间的不同，各个实施例之间不同 的优化特征只要不矛盾，均可以组合形成更优的实施例，考虑到行文简洁，在此则不再赘述。
虽然已经通过示例对本申请的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上示例仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本申请的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本申请的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本申请的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种光学模组，其特征在于，所述光学模组包括第一透镜(10)及第二透镜(20)，所述第一透镜(10)包括第一表面(11)和第二表面(12)，所述第二透镜(20)包括第三表面(21)和第四表面(22)，所述第二表面(12)与所述第三表面(21)为相邻设置；
    所述光学模组还包括分光元件(40)、第一相位延迟器(50)及偏振反射元件(60)，所述分光元件(40)位于所述第一表面(11)的一侧，所述第一相位延迟器(50)与所述偏振反射元件(60)位于所述第二透镜(20)的任一侧；
    所述第一透镜(10)被配置为能够相对于所述第二透镜(20)发生平移，且满足：0.05<2*(T1-T2)/D1<0.3，其中，T1为所述第二表面(12)距离所述第三表面(21)的最大距离，T2为所述第二表面(12)距离所述第三表面(21)的最小距离，D1为所述第一透镜(10)的光学有效口径。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述第一透镜(10)被配置为能够朝向远离或者靠近所述第二透镜(20)的方向发生平移，且满足：0.1<2*(T1-T2)/D1<0.2。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述第一透镜(10)能够相对于所述第二透镜(20)平移4mm～5.5mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述光学模组在远视半视场角度与近视半视场角度下的差异量a为：0°＜a＜10°。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述第一透镜(10)的中心厚度T 1为3mm＜T 1＜8mm；
    所述第二透镜(20)的中心厚度T 2为3mm＜T 2＜8mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述第一表面(11)和所述第二表面(12)均为非球面；
    所述第三表面(21)为平面或者非球面，所述第四表面(22)为非球面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述第一相位延迟器(50)和所述偏振反射元件(60)依次设置在所述第二表面(12)与所述第三表面(21)之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述光学模组还包括偏光元件(70)，所述偏光元件(70)位于所述偏振反射元件(60)与所述第三表面(21)之间。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述偏光元件(70)、所述偏振反射元件(60)及所述第一相位延迟器(50)呈层叠设置形成膜层结构并贴设于所述第三表面(21)，其中，所述偏光元件(70)与所述第三表面(21)连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述分光元件(40)的反射率为47％至53％。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述光学模组还包括显示器(80)，所述显示器(80)的出光面被配置为能够发射圆偏振光或者线偏振光；
    当所述显示器(80)的出光面发射的光线为线偏振光时，在所述显示器(80)的出光面与所述第一透镜(10)的第一表面(11)之间设置有第二相位延迟器，所述第二相位延迟器用以将线偏振光转变为圆偏振光。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的光学模组，其特征在于，所述分光元件(40)贴装于所述第一表面(11)；或者，
    所述分光元件(40)位于在所述显示器(80)的出光面与所述第一表面(11)之间。
  13. 一种头戴显示设备，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体；以及
    如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的光学模组。
PCT/CN2022/101470 2022-05-30 2022-06-27 光学模组以及头戴显示设备 WO2023231105A1 (zh)

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