WO2023229496A1 - Dispositif pour le traitement thermique d'hydroxyde d'aluminium - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le traitement thermique d'hydroxyde d'aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023229496A1
WO2023229496A1 PCT/RU2023/050098 RU2023050098W WO2023229496A1 WO 2023229496 A1 WO2023229496 A1 WO 2023229496A1 RU 2023050098 W RU2023050098 W RU 2023050098W WO 2023229496 A1 WO2023229496 A1 WO 2023229496A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hopper
fluidized bed
cyclone
bed cooler
dust
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2023/050098
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Яков Юрьевич ИЦКОВ
Николай Анатольевич ИВАНУШКИН
Дмитрий Валерьевич ФИНИН
Владимир Олегович ГОЛУБЕВ
Владимир Николаевич КРАСНОЯРСКИЙ
Татьяна Михайловна ГОРБУНОВА
Сергей Георгиевич НАНОВСКИЙ
Original Assignee
Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр"
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from RU2022113814A external-priority patent/RU2791725C1/ru
Application filed by Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" filed Critical Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр"
Publication of WO2023229496A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023229496A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
    • C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
    • C01F7/44—Dehydration of aluminium oxide or hydroxide, i.e. all conversions of one form into another involving a loss of water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to equipment for furnace processing in the metallurgy of non-ferrous metals, the chemical industry, and the production of building materials and can be used for drying, dehydration and calcination of powdered materials, mainly for heat treatment of aluminum hydroxide in the production of various grades of alumina.
  • Thermal treatment of powdered materials in stationary circulating fluidized bed furnaces occurs as follows.
  • the initial aluminum hydroxide from the hydroxide hopper is fed by a weigh feeder into the loading hopper and then by a screw feeder into the first Venturi dryer (Venturi dryer I) of the first stage of heat treatment of the material, where external moisture is removed.
  • Venturi dryer I In the Venturi I dryer, wet aluminum hydroxide is mixed with exhaust gases heated to 350-380 °C from the second stage of heat treatment of the material.
  • the dried material from the Venturi I dryer is carried through a gas duct into a two-field electrostatic precipitator.
  • All material caught in the electrostatic precipitator is directed by a screw located in the lower part of the electrostatic precipitator to a pneumatic track.
  • the material is unloaded into a pneumatic lift, from which compressed air is supplied through a material pipeline to a cyclone unloader with a fluidized bed shutter, from which the material enters the second Venturi dryer (Venturi dryer II) for the second stage of heat treatment of the material.
  • Venturi dryer II Venturi dryer
  • the exhaust gases from the circulation cyclone enter the Venturi II dryer at a temperature of 900 - 1100 °C.
  • the material is carried by a gas flow into the Venturi II cyclone, where the gas-material flow is separated. Partially dehydrated aluminum hydroxide is fed into the calciner.
  • the exhaust gases from the Venturi II cyclone flow through the gas duct into the Venturi I dryer of the first stage of heat treatment of the material.
  • the amount of heat required for calcination is generated by direct combustion of fuel (natural gas or fuel oil), which is supplied by burners above the air distribution hearth.
  • the hot material separated in the circulation cyclone with a temperature of 950-1100 °C passes through a U-shaped fluidized bed seal and again enters the fluidized bed of the calciner. In this way, solids are circulated in the calcination zone at a uniform temperature of 1000 °C.
  • Part of the calcined material from the fluidized bed gate is discharged through a discharge device into the gas duct of the fluidized bed cooler.
  • the flue duct of the fluidized bed cooler also receives heated air from the fluidized bed cooler.
  • the material from the discharge device and heated air from the fluidized bed cooler enter the cyclone of the fluidized bed cooler, where separation occurs.
  • the discharge air of the cyclone-unloader enters the inlet of the cyclone of the fluidized bed cooler.
  • the partially cooled fluidized bed cooler cyclone material enters the fluidized bed cooler.
  • the heated exhaust gases enter the calciner as secondary air.
  • Cooling of alumina in a fluidized bed cooler occurs due to direct and indirect heat exchange.
  • Direct heat exchange between alumina and air occurs in six chambers of the fluidized bed cooler. In these refrigerator chambers, a fluidized bed of constant temperature is maintained by introducing appropriate amounts of air through the air distribution hearth. Indirect heat exchange is carried out by passing air through air heat exchangers located in a layer of hot alumina.
  • Primary air preheated in the air heat exchangers of the fluidized bed cooler to a temperature of ⁇ 520 °C, is introduced into the calciner through air distribution caps located in the bottom of the calciner.
  • a high circulation load causes not only additional heat consumption for cyclic heating of the material, but also an increased metal consumption of dust collection and heat exchange equipment designs, and also, which is especially important at present, an increase in the load on electrostatic precipitator and, as a consequence, an increase in irretrievable losses of material and emissions into the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the circulation can be divided into several circuits.
  • the most obvious is the circuit that includes “fluidized bed cooler - fluidized bed cooler cyclone - calciner - circulation cyclone - Venturi dryer II - Venturi cyclone II - Venturi dryer I - double-field electrostatic precipitator - Venturi dryer II" ("large” circuit).
  • the second obvious circulation circuit is a “small” circuit that includes a fluidized bed cooler - a fluidized bed cooler cyclone.
  • This method is aimed at increasing the intensity of heat transfer, but does not effectively solve the problem of reducing the parasitic circulation load of a fluidized bed furnace.
  • Application cyclones as heat exchangers and for separating gas and dust flows have a significant drawback.
  • the design features of cyclones imply extremely low, no more than 1%, efficiency for ultrafine (0.1-1.0 microns) fractions. It is the ultrafine fractions that mainly make up the circulation load.
  • Another part of the material through the material pipeline 11 is fed to the unloading 12 of calcined alumina from the recirculation cyclone 13 and then, together with the calcined alumina and dust-laden air from the fluidized bed cooler 14, is supplied to the inlet of the cyclone 15. Due to the heat of the calcined alumina and heated air from the fluidized bed cooler, the final stage of heat treatment of alumina occurs, followed by cooling in the fluidized bed cooler. Thus, part of the material is removed from the general flow, i.e. the material flow has been bypassed.
  • the proposed invention is based on the task of separating fine fractions of alumina from gas and dust streams and removing them from the technological process without reducing furnace productivity.
  • the technical result of implementing the invention is to reduce losses of the calcined material, increase equipment productivity and reduce specific fuel consumption.
  • a device for heat treatment of aluminum hydroxide containing an electric precipitator (1), including at least two fields, a dust collection hopper (3) of the second field of the electrostatic precipitator (1), a shipping hopper (7), a receiving hopper (35 ) dust from the first field of an electrostatic precipitator with a pneumatic track (36) and a pneumatic lift (37), a pre-cleaning cyclone (54) connected to a storage hopper (60), which is connected to a screw (68) through a sluice feeder (65) via a chute (67).
  • a fluidized bed cooler (26) and a fluidized bed cooler (26), and said fluidized bed cooler (26) is connected by an air duct (30) to a circulation cyclone (31), through which the calcined material is discharged by means of an unloading device (32) fixed in the lower part of the circulation cyclone (31) into the cyclone (33) of the fluidized bed cooler, in the lower part of which there is a chute (34) configured to discharge the calcined material from the cyclone (33) of the fluidized bed cooler to the fluidized bed cooler (26), and the dust collection hopper (3) is connected via a material pipeline (4) to the shipping hopper (7) and a system of pneumatic chamber pumps (10, 13, 14) to allow the removal of collected dust from the second field of the electrostatic precipitator (1) into the finished product silo, while the device contains a cyclone unloader (38), with a system of gas ducts (39-45) installed on it with gates (46-53) and connected in its lower part to a pneumatic lift (37
  • the invention may also include the following features:
  • a fan (80) with a damper (81) is attached to the gas duct (45) of the device.
  • At least one of the dust collection hopper (3), the shipping hopper (7) and the storage hopper (60) contains area vibrators (17, 18, 69) and dry air supply points.
  • the fluidized bed cooler (26) may contain an air exhaust system placed on its lid with the possibility of placing the said system above the alumina layer entering the fluidized bed cooler (26).
  • the fine filter (55) is connected to the storage hopper (60) and the shipping hopper (7) to allow the collected dust flow to be discharged into the fluidized bed cooler (26) or into the pneumatic chamber pump system (10, 13, 14) and then into the finished product silo .
  • the pre-cleaning cyclone (54) and the fine filter (55) contain a bypass system designed to allow repair and preventive maintenance of the device.
  • the high temperature in the circulation circuits (350-380 °C) and the volume of the gas-dust mixture of about 200 thousand m 3 /h exclude the integration of bag or cartridge filters into the existing hardware and technological schemes of furnaces. Installing cyclones does not give a noticeable effect, since the efficiency of the cyclone for fine fractions is less than 1%. Calculations using a mathematical model showed that when installing cyclones, it is possible to reduce specific fuel consumption by 0.5% and dust emissions by 29.4%. With an increase in the proportion of fine fractions in the feedstock, efficiency indicators become even lower.
  • Fig. 2 The proposed hardware and technological diagram of a device for heat treatment of powdered materials is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the hardware diagram of the device contains an electric precipitator 1, an electric precipitator auger 2, a dust collection hopper 3 for collecting dust from the second field of the electrostatic precipitator 1, installed directly under the electric precipitator auger 2.
  • the selection hopper 3 is connected by means of a material pipeline 4, on which a gate valve 5 and a sluice feeder 6 are installed, with a prefabricated shipping hopper 7.
  • a chute 8 with a gate 9 is installed, connected to a pneumatic chamber pump No. 1 (PKN 1) 10 of the furnace.
  • the shipping hopper is connected by a line 11 with a slide valve 12 placed on it with a pneumatic chamber pump (KN 2) 13 to enable the supply of material from the prefabricated shipping hopper 7 to the pneumatic chamber pump No. 2 (KN 2) 13, while the pneumatic chamber pump (KN 2) 13 is connected with backup pneumatic chamber pump No. 3 (KN 3) 14.
  • KN 2 pneumatic chamber pump
  • gates 15 and 16 are provided.
  • Fine dust is prone to caking, which can lead to overgrowing of bins and disruption of the flow of dust through material pipelines.
  • area vibrators 17 and 18 are installed on the selection hopper 3 and the collection hopper 7.
  • dried compressed air is supplied to the hoppers 3 and 7 via lines 19 and 20 with shut-off valves 21 and 22.
  • the prefabricated shipping hopper 7 is equipped with a discharge line 23 with a valve 24, through which air is discharged into the first field of the electrostatic precipitator 1 through pipe 25.
  • the inventive device also contains a fluidized bed cooler 26 (FBC), on the lid of which there is a point for sampling secondary air from the fluidized bed cooler 26, connected to an air duct 27 with plugs 28 and 29 placed on it.
  • FBC fluidized bed cooler
  • the fluidized bed cooler 26 is connected by an air duct 30 to a circulation cyclone 31, designed to supply calcined material through a discharge device 32 fixed in the lower part of the circulation cyclone 31 into the cyclone 33 of the fluidized bed cooler, in the lower part of which there is a chute 34, configured to unloading the calcined material from the cyclone 33 of the fluidized bed cooler into the fluidized bed cooler 26.
  • the auger 2 of the electric precipitator 1 is equipped with a receiving hopper 35 for collecting dust from the first field of the electric precipitator 1.
  • the hopper 35 is connected by a pneumatic track 36 to a pneumatic lift 37, connected to a cyclone unloader 38.
  • the cyclone unloader 38 is equipped with a system of gas ducts 39-45 with dampers 46-53 installed on them and is connected through the said system of gas ducts by a pre-cleaning cyclone 54 and a fine filter 55, intended for final cleaning of the air coming from the cyclone 38.
  • the fine filter 55 which can be made in the form of a bag or cartridge filter, is connected by a line 56 with a valve 57 placed on it to ensure the regeneration of the bag/cartridge filter 55 and the supply of dried compressed air.
  • the discharge cone of the cyclone 54 for pre-cleaning with a chute 58 with an installed gate valve 59 is connected to a storage hopper 60.
  • chutes 61 and 62 with gates 63, 64 and sluice feeders 65, 66 are mounted on the discharge cone of the storage hopper 60.
  • the sluice feeder 65 is connected via a chute 67 to a screw 68 and a fluidized bed cooler 26.
  • an area vibrator 69 is also installed on the storage hopper 60 and a dry air supply line 70 with a valve 71 is connected.
  • the storage hopper 60 is also connected to an air discharge line 72 with a valve 73 placed on it with a pipe 25 of the electrostatic precipitator 1.
  • the fine filter 55 by means 74, 75 with dampers 76, 77 and sluice feeders 78, 79 installed on them is connected to a storage hopper 60 and a collection hopper 7, respectively.
  • a fan 80 with a damper 81 is installed on the purified air discharge line 45 connecting the cyclone 54 and filter 55.
  • the device can be divided into three technological units.
  • the first node works as follows.
  • Finely dispersed dust of the second field of the electrostatic precipitator 1 through a screw 2 enters the dust collection hopper 3. From the dust collection hopper 3 through the material pipeline 4, on which the gate valve 5 and the sluice feeder 6 are installed, the dust of the second field of the electrostatic precipitator enters the collection shipping hopper 7 and then along the chute 8 through the gate 9 into the chamber pump (KN1) 10 of the furnace.
  • KN1 chamber pump
  • gate valves 15 and 16 allows for the shipment of finished products and fine dust from the second field of the electrostatic precipitator 1 using the backup chamber pump KNZ 14.
  • area vibrators 17 and 18 are installed on the selection hopper 3 and the collection hopper 7, and a supply of dried aeration air is provided through lines 19 and 20 with shut-off valves 21, 22.
  • a discharge line 23 with valve 24 is provided to discharge aeration air from the shipping hopper 7, a discharge line 23 with valve 24 is provided. The aeration air is discharged into the first field of the electrostatic precipitator 1 through pipe 25.
  • the second technological unit for reducing the circulation load by reducing emissions of material from the fluidized bed cooler 26 with cooling air operates as follows.
  • Plug 28 is in the closed position, all air from the fluidized bed refrigerator 26 through the gas duct 27 with the open plug 29 enters standard air duct 30 of the fluidized bed cooler (FBC) 26 and combining with the calcined material from the circulation cyclone 31, unloaded by the unloading device 32, the air-dust mixture enters the cyclone 33 of the fluidized bed cooler, where the flow is separated.
  • the captured material is sent through flow 34 to the fluidized bed refrigerator 26 (FBC), and the purified air according to the standard scheme enters the calciner for combustion.
  • plug 28 is opened, plug 29 is closed, and the circuit operates in normal mode with air bleed through the end wall of XKS 26.
  • the third technological unit for additional purification of the dust-air mixture of the unloader cyclone 38 operates as follows.
  • the gate 53 of the gas duct 41 is closed.
  • the dust-air mixture from the cyclone 38 through the gas duct 39 through the gate 46 of the gas duct 40 and the gate 47 enters the pre-cleaning cyclone 54.
  • the pre-cleaned dust-air mixture through gates 48 and 50 through the gas duct 42 enters the bag/cartridge filter 55, where the final purification of the air flow from fine dust fractions occurs.
  • a gate 81 is provided.
  • a bypass system is provided on the cyclone 54 and filter 55. If necessary, the gate 49 of the gas duct 43 opens, the gates 47 and 48 close. Thus, the pre-cleaning cyclone 54 is excluded from the technological scheme. In the case of opening gates 46, 47, 48 and 51 while gates 49, 50 and 52 are closed, fine filter 55 is excluded from the technological scheme. It is possible to completely eliminate the cleaning scheme for the air-dust mixture of the cyclone 38. To do this, the gate 53 of the gas duct 41 is moved to the open position, and the gate 46 of the gas duct 40 is closed.
  • the hardware and technological scheme provides two options for processing the dust of the pre-cleaning cyclone 54.
  • the dust is directed through chute 61 by gate 63 and sluice feeder 65 into chute 67 into auger 68 and then into the second chamber of the fluidized bed cooler 26.
  • the supply of material through the sluice feeder 65 and auger 68 prevents the ejection of material from the fluidized bed cooler 26 located under pressure into the storage hopper 60.
  • Supplying the material to the second chamber of the fluidized bed refrigerator 26 allows for heat treatment and achieving the quality of the final product.
  • the second option for processing dust from the storage bin 60 involves feeding dust through a chute 62 through a gate and a sluice feeder 66 that directs the dust to the shipping bin 7 and then to the finished product.
  • Recycling fine filter dust 55 is also possible in two ways. According to the first option, the dust collected in the filter 55 is sent through the chute 74 through the gate 76 and the sluice feeder 78 to the hopper 60 and then, according to the scheme described above, to the fluidized bed cooler 26.
  • the second option involves supplying dust through a chute 75 with a gate 77 and a sluice feeder 79 into the shipping hopper 7 and then into the finished product.
  • the proposed device for carrying out thermal processes in stationary circulating fluidized bed furnaces with the removal of fine and ultra-fine fractions of the fired material allows not only to reduce the load on the electric precipitator or other unit for the final purification of exhaust gases and thereby reduce the negative impact on the environment, but also to reduce irreversible losses of the calcined material .
  • reducing the additional circulation load leads to increased productivity and reduced specific fuel consumption.
  • emissions are reduced by 80-90%, specific fuel consumption by 1.5-2.2%, and productivity increases by 10-15%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte au domaine de la métallurgie des métaux non ferreux et peut être utilisée pour sécher, déshydrater et calciner des matériaux poudreux, de préférence pour le traitement thermique d'hydroxyde d'aluminium lors de la production de silice de divers grades. Ce dispositif comprend un filtre électrique comprenant au moins deux champs, une trémie de collecte de poussière du second champ du filtre électrique, une trémie de déchargement, une trémie de réception de poussière du premier champ du filtre électrique, un cyclone de purification préliminaire relié à une trémie d'accumulation, un réfrigérateur de lit fluidisé connecté par un conduit d'air au cyclone de circulation, par lequel le matériau calciné est évacué dans le cyclone du réfrigérateur de lit fluidisé. La trémie de collecte de poussière est connectée par un conduit de matériau à la trémie de déchargement et à un système de pompes pneumatiques pour pouvoir évacuer la poussière piégée du second champ du filtre électrique vers un silo de produit fini.
PCT/RU2023/050098 2022-05-24 2023-04-21 Dispositif pour le traitement thermique d'hydroxyde d'aluminium WO2023229496A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2022113814A RU2791725C1 (ru) 2022-05-24 Устройство для термообработки гидроксида алюминия
RU2022113814 2022-05-24

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023229496A1 true WO2023229496A1 (fr) 2023-11-30

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PCT/RU2023/050098 WO2023229496A1 (fr) 2022-05-24 2023-04-21 Dispositif pour le traitement thermique d'hydroxyde d'aluminium

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HUT36055A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-08-28 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Apparatus and process for continuous calcination of aluminium hydroxide
UA48201C2 (uk) * 1995-11-14 2002-08-15 Металлгезелльшафт Акцієнгезелльшафт Спосіб одержання окису алюмінію із гідроокису алюмінію
DE10331364B3 (de) * 2003-07-11 2005-01-27 Outokumpu Oyj Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von Metalloxid aus Metallhydroxid
RU2294896C1 (ru) * 2005-07-13 2007-03-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Проектно-конструкторское бюро металлургической теплотехники и энерготехнологии цветной металлургии" (ОАО "ПКБ "Энергоцветмет") Способ, реактор и установка для термообработки порошкообразного материала
CN1990384B (zh) * 2005-11-25 2012-07-25 奥图泰有限公司 由金属化合物制备金属氧化物的方法和装置
RU2660003C1 (ru) * 2017-05-16 2018-07-04 Владимир Николаевич Ведров Установка для термообработки гидроксида алюминия

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HUT36055A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-08-28 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Apparatus and process for continuous calcination of aluminium hydroxide
UA48201C2 (uk) * 1995-11-14 2002-08-15 Металлгезелльшафт Акцієнгезелльшафт Спосіб одержання окису алюмінію із гідроокису алюмінію
DE10331364B3 (de) * 2003-07-11 2005-01-27 Outokumpu Oyj Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von Metalloxid aus Metallhydroxid
RU2294896C1 (ru) * 2005-07-13 2007-03-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Проектно-конструкторское бюро металлургической теплотехники и энерготехнологии цветной металлургии" (ОАО "ПКБ "Энергоцветмет") Способ, реактор и установка для термообработки порошкообразного материала
CN1990384B (zh) * 2005-11-25 2012-07-25 奥图泰有限公司 由金属化合物制备金属氧化物的方法和装置
RU2660003C1 (ru) * 2017-05-16 2018-07-04 Владимир Николаевич Ведров Установка для термообработки гидроксида алюминия

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