WO2023226514A1 - 一种夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统 - Google Patents

一种夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226514A1
WO2023226514A1 PCT/CN2023/079946 CN2023079946W WO2023226514A1 WO 2023226514 A1 WO2023226514 A1 WO 2023226514A1 CN 2023079946 W CN2023079946 W CN 2023079946W WO 2023226514 A1 WO2023226514 A1 WO 2023226514A1
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Prior art keywords
beehive
bee
spodoptera exigua
releasing
cover
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PCT/CN2023/079946
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黄保宏
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安徽科技学院
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Publication of WO2023226514A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226514A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of noctuid control technology, and specifically relates to a field bee positioning system for noctuid black eggs.
  • Spodoptera Frugiperda can damage more than 100 crops and is an important pest, but it prefers corn.
  • pests in corn are mainly controlled through insecticides or genetic modification.
  • the use of biological control agents has a higher effectiveness.
  • the Spodoptera exigua wasp is the natural enemy of Spodoptera exigua.
  • the emerging Spodoptera exigua wasp will parasitize its eggs in the eggs of the Spodoptera exigua to achieve the purpose of killing the Spodoptera exigua.
  • the Spodoptera exigua wasps control the noctuid moths to ensure the corn The planting will not leave pesticide residues, which is in line with the current development concept of organic food.
  • Spodoptera exigua wasp control may be ineffective for individual smallholder farmers with little land, but on the other hand, regional mass releases are very effective. Therefore, in order to ensure that the regional large-scale release of Spodoptera exigua is more uniform, a field release positioning system for Spodoptera exigua is needed to ensure that the release of Spodoptera exigua is more uniform and maximize the release of Spodoptera exigua. Parasitism rate.
  • Spodoptera exigua by drones can greatly improve the efficiency of Spodoptera exigua and reduce labor costs.
  • the Spodoptera exigua in the box will be released.
  • the density of egg bees is higher, and the bees are released from the box quickly.
  • the speed of bees coming out of the box will gradually decrease, resulting in uneven placement of black egg bees, and the low speed of bees will cause Extend the release time of Spodoptera exigua.
  • the present invention proposes a bee release positioning system for Spodoptera exigua in the field.
  • the bee release cover provided in it will increase the speed at which Spodoptera exigua flies out of the beehive, and at the same time, it can also ensure that the bees are released at night. The distribution of moth black egg wasps is more even.
  • a field bee positioning system for Spodoptera exigua which includes:
  • a connecting piece When placing a beehive, a connecting piece is movably connected to the middle position of the top surface of the beehive.
  • the inner cavity of the beehive is connected with a sliding bee cover through a spring.
  • the beehive cover divides the inner cavity of the beehive into upper chambers. body and a lower cavity, the lower cavity is used to store Spodoptera exigua wasps, and the bee placing cover is used to adjust the volume of the lower cavity, That is to ensure the density of Spodoptera exigua wasps in the lower cavity.
  • the density of Spodoptera exigua wasps is high, and the bees coming out of the hive are fast;
  • a drone which is detachably connected to the top surface of the connector and used for transporting and placing beehives, and a positioning module is provided inside the drone;
  • the back-end console is equipped with a clock module and a wireless network module.
  • the back-end console controls the drone through the wireless network module.
  • the wireless network module can be a 4G network, 5G network, or WiFi.
  • the clock module is used to record the release time of the beehive.
  • a plurality of buoyancy blades are fixedly connected to the top of the side of the beehive, and the plurality of buoyancy blades are arranged horizontally and equidistantly on the side of the beehive.
  • the side of the beehive is provided with a plurality of rotating blades close to the bottom of the buoyancy blades, and the plurality of rotating blades are arranged vertically and equidistantly on the side of the beehive.
  • the included angle is 30 degrees to 60 degrees.
  • a threaded rod is fixedly connected to the center of the top surface of the beehive, and a threaded sleeve that fits the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connector, and the threaded sleeve is nested on the outside of the threaded rod;
  • the top surface of the beehive is threaded away from the center of the circle and is connected with an air pressure valve for stabilizing the air pressure in the inner cavity of the beehive.
  • a bee tray is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the beehive, and a movable rotating disk is provided inside the bee tray;
  • the rotating disk is used to adjust the area of the through holes on the surface of the bee placing disk.
  • the through holes can be designed into circular or long strips. shape or polygon.
  • the edge of the bee-holding cover is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the beehive, and the bottom surface of the bee-holding cover is a smooth arc-shaped surface.
  • a connecting spring is fixedly connected to the middle position of the bottom surface of the drone, a lifting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting spring, and a connecting arm is movably connected to the side of the lifting plate through a rotating shaft, and the connecting arm is away from the One end of the lifting plate is movably connected with a connecting buckle.
  • the middle position of the side of the connecting buckle is movably connected to the connecting arm
  • the top of the connecting buckle is movably connected to the bottom surface of the drone through a rotating shaft
  • the top surface of the connecting piece is close to the position of the connecting buckle.
  • connection slots that fit the connection buckles.
  • a string is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top surface of the lifting plate, and one end of the string away from the lifting plate is connected to a pull ring through the drone, and the pull ring adjusts the position of the lifting plate through the string.
  • the thin rope can also be replaced with a steel wire or nylon rope, or a thin rod, which mainly serves as a linkage between the pull ring and the lifting plate.
  • the positioning module is GPS or BDS.
  • a bee-holding cover is provided in the beehive, and the bee-holding cover will slide downward along the inner wall of the beehive, gradually reducing the volume of the lower cavity.
  • the black moths will As the living space of the egg bees becomes smaller, they will fly out of the beehive faster. Therefore, the set cover will increase the speed at which the black egg bees fly out of the beehive, so that the black egg bees can fly out of the beehive in a short time.
  • the beehive can also ensure a more even distribution of the black egg bees.
  • buoyancy blades and rotating blades are arranged on the side of the beehive.
  • the rotating blades When the rotating blades are subjected to air friction, they exert a force parallel to the flight direction on the beehive. According to aerodynamics, the force on the acute angle side of the rotating blades It will be greater than the force on the obtuse angle side of the rotating blade, so the beehive will rotate.
  • the buoyant blades will rotate, and the rotating buoyant blades will generate an updraft relative to the air, which is equivalent to reducing the number of beehives. Its own gravity increases the endurance of the drone.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a beehive in the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the honeycomb cover in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a bee plate in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the drone in the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a front view of the beehive in the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a beehive in the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the connector in the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a system block diagram of the present invention.
  • Example 1 uses No. 1 corn. Field, Example 2 uses corn field No. 2, both No. 1 and No. 2 use the positioning system of the present application to perform bee releasing operations, and No. 3 is not processed, as a comparative example.
  • this embodiment proposes a field bee placement positioning system for Spodoptera exigua, which includes a beehive 1, a drone 3 and a back-end console.
  • the middle position of the top surface of the beehive 1 moves
  • the connecting piece 2 is connected, and the inner cavity of the beehive 1 is connected with a sliding bee cover 15 through a spring.
  • the bee cover 15 divides the inner cavity of the beehive 1 into an upper cavity 151 and a lower cavity 152.
  • the lower cavity 152 It is used to store Spodoptera exigua, and the bee placing cover 15 is used to adjust the volume of the lower cavity 152;
  • the drone 3 is detachably connected to the top surface of the connector 2, and is used to transport the beehive 1 and the drone 3
  • the back-end console is equipped with a clock module and a wireless network module. The back-end console controls the UAV 3 through the wireless network module, and the clock module is used to record the location of the beehive 1. Delivery time.
  • the beehive 1 When working, set the flight trajectory of the UAV 3 through the back-end console, put 8,000 Spodoptera exigua bees in the beehive 1, connect the UAV 3 to the beehive 1 through the connector 2, and the UAV 3.
  • the beehive 1 can be brought to the sky above the cornfield No. 1.
  • the drone 3 can fly according to the flight path set on the back-end console. During the flight of the drone 3, the black egg bees will fly out one after another. Place beehive 1 and enter cornfield No. 1. Since the beehive 1 is provided with a bee cover 15, when the drone 3 is flying with the beehive 1, the bee cover 15 will slide downward along the inner wall of the beehive 1, gradually reducing the size of the lower cavity 152.
  • the Spodoptera exigua wasps will fly out of the beehive 1 at an accelerated rate due to the smaller living space. Therefore, the set bee release cover 15 will increase the number of Spodoptera exigua bees flying out.
  • the speed of placing the beehive 1 enables the black egg bee to fly out of the beehive 1 in a short time.
  • the flight speed of the drone 3 can be adjusted according to the speed of the downward sliding of the bee cover 15 to ensure that the black egg of the exigua is placed in the beehive 1. Before all the bees fly out, drone 3 You can just complete the flight path of Cornfield No. 1.
  • a plurality of buoyancy blades 11 are fixedly connected to the top of the side of the beehive 1.
  • the plurality of buoyancy blades 11 are horizontally and equidistantly arranged on the side of the beehive 1; the side of the beehive 1 is close to the bottom of the buoyancy blades 11
  • a plurality of rotating blades 12 are provided.
  • the plurality of rotating blades 12 are arranged vertically and equidistantly on the side of the beehive 1.
  • the included angle between the rotating blades 12 and the corresponding section of the beehive 1 is 30 degrees to 60 degrees.
  • the beehive 1 When the UAV 3 is flying with the beehive 1, the beehive 1 will cause friction with the air, and the rotating blades 12 will exert a force parallel to the flight direction on the beehive 1 when it is subject to air friction. According to the aerodynamic force Science, the force on the acute side of the rotating blade 12 will be greater than the force on the obtuse side of the rotating blade 12, so the beehive 1 will rotate. During the rotation of the beehive 1, it will rotate with the buoyancy blade 11, and the rotating buoyancy blade 11 will generate an upward airflow relative to the air, which is equivalent to reducing the own gravity of the beehive 1 and increasing the endurance of the drone 3.
  • a threaded rod 13 is fixedly connected to the center of the top surface of the beehive 1, and a threaded sleeve 22 that fits the threaded rod 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connector 2.
  • the threaded sleeve 22 is embedded in the threaded rod 13. It is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod 13; the top surface of the beehive 1 is deviated from the center of the circle and is threaded with an air pressure valve 14 for stabilizing the air pressure in the inner cavity of the beehive 1.
  • the threaded rod 13 when the threaded rod 13 rotates, the threaded rod 13 can suck the air into the threaded sleeve 22 through the connecting piece 2, and then inject it into the upper cavity 151 through the threaded sleeve 22, so that the air pressure in the upper cavity 151 rises, and the rising air pressure can push Place the bee cover 15 so that the bee cover 15 overcomes the elastic force of the spring and slides along the inner wall of the beehive 1 to reduce the volume of the lower cavity 152.
  • the air pressure valve 14 provided can adjust the air pressure in the upper cavity 151 so that the upper cavity 151 The air pressure inside is in a stable state, preventing the air pressure in the upper cavity 151 from being too large, causing the bee cover 15 to slide too fast.
  • the bottom surface of the beehive 1 is detachably connected to a bee tray 16.
  • the inside of the bee tray 16 is provided with a movable rotating disk 17; a number of through holes are provided on the surface of the bee tray 16 for expodids
  • the black egg bees are separated from the beehive 1.
  • the rotating disk 17 is used to adjust the area of the through hole on the surface of the bee placing disk 16.
  • a motor is installed on the bottom surface of the bee placing disk 16. The motor is used to drive the rotating disk 17 and adjust the rotation angle of the rotating disk 17. , set a power supply in the upper cavity 151.
  • the power supply should be in two groups, symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the beehive 1.
  • the motor In order to offset the centrifugal force when the beehive 1 rotates, the motor is connected to the power supply through a wire, and the power is provided by the power supply. When working, the motor drives the rotating disk 17, and the rotation angle of the rotating disk 17 is determined according to the size and shape of the through hole. When it is necessary to release the bees, the area of the through hole can be adjusted to the maximum to ensure that the Spodoptera exigua wasps can quickly pass through the through hole. hole.
  • the edge of the bee-holding cover 15 is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the beehive 1, and the bottom surface of the bee-holding cover 15 is a smooth arc-shaped surface.
  • the beehive cover 15 will also rotate along with the rotation of the beehive 1.
  • the rotating beehive cover 15 will generate centrifugal force, ensuring that the Spodoptera exigua wasps on the top surface of the beehive cover 15 will be subject to centrifugal force.
  • the black egg wasps will slide along the bottom surface of the bee placing cover 15 under the action of centrifugal force, and eventually fall to the top surface of the bee placing plate 16. And fly out through the through hole on the surface of bee plate 16.
  • a connecting spring 34 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the bottom surface of the UAV 3.
  • the bottom end of the connecting spring 34 is fixedly connected to a lifting plate 31.
  • the side of the lifting plate 31 is movably connected through a rotating shaft.
  • Connecting arm 32, one end of the connecting arm 32 away from the lifting plate 31 is rotationally connected to a connecting buckle 33; the middle position of the side of the connecting buckle 33 is rotationally connected to the connecting arm 32, and the top of the connecting buckle 33 passes through the bottom surface of the drone 3
  • the rotating shaft is movablely connected, and a connecting slot 21 that fits the connecting buckle 33 is provided on the top surface of the connecting piece 2 close to the connecting buckle 33; a string is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top surface of the lifting plate 31, and the string is away from the lifting plate.
  • One end of the plate 31 is connected to a pull ring through the drone 3, and the pull ring adjusts the position of the lifting plate 31 through a string.
  • connection buckle 33 just matches the position of the connection slot 21, and then release the pull ring, the connection spring 34 will act on the lifting plate 31 with elastic force, causing the lifting plate 31 to move to the side of the connecting piece 2, and the lifting plate 31 to the side of the connecting piece 2 During the movement, the connection buckle 33 will be pulled through the connecting arm 32, and the connection buckle 33 will be retracted toward the inside of the drone 3, and it is ensured that the connection buckle 33 cooperates with the connection slot 21, so that the drone 3 is connected to the connector 2 stable.
  • cornfield No. 2 The difference between cornfield No. 2 and cornfield No. 1 is that an ordinary beehive is used instead of beehive 1.
  • This beehive also stores 8,000 Spodoptera exigua bees, and then drone 3 is used to connect the beehive to ensure that there is no Human-machine 3 can carry beehives over the No. 2 cornfield to perform bee operations. After the drone 3 hovered over the No. 2 cornfield for 60 minutes, it was found that there were many Spodoptera exigua remaining in the sky. After replacing the drone, After 3 days, the bees were released for another 60 minutes and the beehive was recovered. It was found that 434 Spodoptera exigua wasps still remained on the inner wall of the beehive.
  • Cornfield No. 3 was used as a blank experiment, and no Spodoptera exigua was released.
  • the parasitism rate of armyworm eggs in No. 1 cornfield is stable, with an average parasitism rate of 94.7%.
  • the parasitism rate is relatively high, and the effect of releasing bees is good.
  • the parasitism rate of armyworm eggs in No. 2 cornfield is 94.7%.
  • Unstable, the average parasitism rate of armyworm eggs is 63.7%, and the effect achieved by releasing bees is not ideal. Therefore, the beehive 1 used in this application has the effect of improving and stabilizing the parasitism rate of armyworm eggs.

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  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明属于夜蛾治理技术领域，具体涉及一种夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，包括放蜂箱，放蜂箱的顶面中间位置活动连接有连接件，放蜂箱的内腔通过弹簧连接有滑动的放蜂盖，放蜂盖将放蜂箱的内腔分割为上腔体和下腔体，下腔体用于存放夜蛾黑卵蜂，放蜂盖用于调节下腔体的体积；本发明通过在放蜂箱内设置放蜂盖，放蜂盖会沿着放蜂箱的内壁向下滑动，逐渐缩小下腔体的体积，在下腔体的体积逐渐缩小的过程中，夜蛾黑卵蜂由于生存空间变小，会加速飞出放蜂箱，因此，设置的放蜂盖会增加夜蛾黑卵蜂飞出放蜂箱的速度，使夜蛾黑卵蜂可以在短时间内飞出放蜂箱，同时也可以保证夜蛾黑卵蜂的分布更加均匀。

Description

一种夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统 技术领域
本发明属于夜蛾治理技术领域，具体涉及一种夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统。
背景技术
草地贪夜蛾会破坏超过100种作物，是一种重要害虫，但它更喜欢玉米，目前，主要是通过杀虫剂或转基因来控制玉米中的害虫，然而，使用生物防治剂具有较高的有效性。其中夜蛾黑卵蜂是夜蛾的天敌，羽化的夜蛾黑卵蜂会将卵寄生在夜蛾的卵中，达到杀死夜蛾的目的，而且通过夜蛾黑卵蜂治理夜蛾保证玉米的种植不会残留杀虫剂，符合当下有机食品的发展理念。夜蛾黑卵蜂治理夜蛾对于拥有很少土地的小农个体来说可能是低效的，但另一方面，区域性大规模释放的方法非常有效。因此，为保证区域性大规模释放夜蛾黑卵蜂更加均匀，则需要夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统来保证夜蛾黑卵蜂的释放更加均匀，最大限度提高夜蛾黑卵蜂的寄生率。
通过无人机投放夜蛾黑卵蜂可以大大提高夜蛾黑卵蜂的投放效率，还可以降低人工成本，但是投放箱在投放夜蛾黑卵蜂时，刚开始，投放箱内的夜蛾黑卵蜂密度较大，投放箱的出蜂速度快，随着夜蛾黑卵蜂密度降低，投放箱的出蜂速度会逐渐降低，导致夜蛾黑卵蜂投放不均匀，而且出蜂速度低会延长夜蛾黑卵蜂的投放时间。
发明内容
为了弥补现有技术的不足，本发明提出了一种夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其设置的放蜂盖会增加夜蛾黑卵蜂飞出放蜂箱的速度，同时也可以保证夜蛾黑卵蜂的分布更加均匀。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：本发明所述的一种夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，包括：
放蜂箱，所述放蜂箱的顶面中间位置活动连接有连接件，所述放蜂箱的内腔通过弹簧连接有滑动的放蜂盖，所述放蜂盖将放蜂箱的内腔分割为上腔体和下腔体，所述下腔体用于存放夜蛾黑卵蜂，所述放蜂盖用于调节下腔体的体积， 也就是保证下腔体内夜蛾黑卵蜂的密度，夜蛾黑卵蜂的密度大，放蜂箱的出蜂速度快；
无人机，所述无人机可拆卸连接在连接件的顶面，用于运输放蜂箱，所述无人机的内部设有定位模块；
后端控制台，所述后端控制台内部设有时钟模块和无线网络模块，所述后端控制台通过无线网络模块控制无人机，无线网络模块可以是4G网络、5G网络、WiFi中的一种或多种组合，所述时钟模块用于记录放蜂箱的投放时间。
优选的，所述放蜂箱的侧面顶端位置固定连接有多个浮力叶片，多个所述浮力叶片水平且等距设置在放蜂箱的侧面。
优选的，所述放蜂箱的侧面靠近浮力叶片的底部设有多个旋转叶片，多个所述旋转叶片竖直且等距设置在放蜂箱的侧面，所述旋转叶片与放蜂箱对应处切面的夹角为30度至60度。
优选的，所述放蜂箱的顶面圆心位置固定连接有螺纹杆，所述连接件的底面固定连接有与螺纹杆相契合的螺纹套，所述螺纹套嵌套在螺纹杆的外侧；
所述放蜂箱的顶面偏离圆心位置螺纹连接有气压阀，用于稳定放蜂箱内腔的气压。
优选的，所述放蜂箱的底面可拆卸连接有放蜂盘，所述放蜂盘的内侧设有活动的旋转盘；
所述放蜂盘的表面开设有若干通孔，用于夜蛾黑卵蜂脱离放蜂箱，所述旋转盘用于调节放蜂盘表面通孔的面积，通孔可以设计成圆形、长条形或者多边形。
优选的，所述放蜂盖的边缘与放蜂箱的内壁密封接触，所述放蜂盖的底面为光滑弧形曲面。
优选的，所述无人机的底面中间位置固定连接有连接弹簧，所述连接弹簧的底端固定连接有升降板，所述升降板的侧面通过转轴活动连接有连接臂，所述连接臂远离升降板的一端活动连接有连接卡扣。
优选的，所述连接卡扣的侧面中间位置与连接臂活动连接，所述连接卡扣的顶端与无人机的底面通过转轴活动连接，所述连接件的顶面靠近连接卡扣的位置开设有与连接卡扣相契合的连接卡槽。
优选的，所述升降板的顶面中间位置固定连接有细绳，所述细绳远离升降板的一端穿过无人机连接有拉环，所述拉环通过细绳调节升降板的位置，细绳也可以替换为钢丝或者尼龙绳，也可以替换成细杆，主要起到拉环与升降板之间的联动作用。
优选的，所述定位模块为GPS或BDS。
本发明的有益效果如下：
1.本发明通过在放蜂箱内设置放蜂盖，放蜂盖会沿着放蜂箱的内壁向下滑动，逐渐缩小下腔体的体积，在下腔体的体积逐渐缩小的过程中，夜蛾黑卵蜂由于生存空间变小，会加速飞出放蜂箱，因此，设置的放蜂盖会增加夜蛾黑卵蜂飞出放蜂箱的速度，使夜蛾黑卵蜂可以在短时间内飞出放蜂箱，同时也可以保证夜蛾黑卵蜂的分布更加均匀。
2.本发明通过在放蜂箱的侧面设置浮力叶片和旋转叶片，设置的旋转叶片受到空气摩擦时对放蜂箱施加平行于飞行方向的作用力，根据空气动力学，旋转叶片锐角一侧的作用力会大于旋转叶片钝角一侧的作用力，因此放蜂箱会自转，在放蜂箱自转的过程会带着浮力叶片转动，而转动的浮力叶片会产生与空气相对的上升气流，相当于减少了放蜂箱的自身重力，增加了无人机的续航。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明的立体图；
图2是本发明中放蜂箱的立体图；
图3是本发明中放蜂盖的立体图；
图4是本发明中放蜂盘的立体图；
图5是本发明中无人机的立体图；
图6是本发明中放蜂箱的主视图；
图7是本发明中放蜂箱的剖视图；
图8是本发明中连接件的剖视图；
图9是本发明的系统框图。
图中：1、放蜂箱；11、浮力叶片；12、旋转叶片；13、螺纹杆；14、气压阀；15、放蜂盖；151、上腔体；152、下腔体；16、放蜂盘；17、旋转盘； 2、连接件；21、连接卡槽；22、螺纹套；3、无人机；31、升降板；32、连接臂；33、连接卡扣；34、连接弹簧；35、定位模块；4、后端控制台；41、时钟模块；5、无线网络模块。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。
准备3个面积为1公顷的玉米地，3玉米地之间距离超过1公里，互不干扰，同时将3个玉米地分别标记为1号、2号和3号，实施例1采用1号玉米地，实施例2采用2号玉米地，1号和2号均采用本申请的定位系统实施放蜂操作，3号不处理，作为对比实施例。
实施例1：
如图1至图9所示，本实施例提出一种夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，包括放蜂箱1、无人机3和后端控制台，放蜂箱1的顶面中间位置活动连接有连接件2，放蜂箱1的内腔通过弹簧连接有滑动的放蜂盖15，放蜂盖15将放蜂箱1的内腔分割为上腔体151和下腔体152，下腔体152用于存放夜蛾黑卵蜂，放蜂盖15用于调节下腔体152的体积；无人机3可拆卸连接在连接件2的顶面，用于运输放蜂箱1，无人机3的内部设有定位模块，定位模块为GPS或BDS；后端控制台内部设有时钟模块和无线网络模块，后端控制台通过无线网络模块控制无人机3，时钟模块用于记录放蜂箱1的投放时间。工作时，通过后端控制台设置无人机3的飞行轨迹，在放蜂箱1内放入8000只夜蛾黑卵蜂，将无人机3通过连接件2与放蜂箱1连接，无人机3可以将放蜂箱1带到1号玉米地的上空，无人机3可以按照后端控制台设置的飞行轨迹飞行，在无人机3飞行的过程中，夜蛾黑卵蜂会陆续飞出放蜂箱1，进入1号玉米地。由于放蜂箱1内设置有放蜂盖15，在无人机3带着放蜂箱1飞行的过程中，放蜂盖15会沿着放蜂箱1的内壁向下滑动，逐渐缩小下腔体152的体积，在下腔体152的体积逐渐缩小的过程中，夜蛾黑卵蜂由于生存空间变小，会加速飞出放蜂箱1，因此，设置的放蜂盖15会增加夜蛾黑卵蜂飞出放蜂箱1的速度，使夜蛾黑卵蜂可以在短时间内飞出放蜂箱1，可以根据放蜂盖15向下滑动的速度来调节无人机3的飞行速度，保证在夜蛾黑卵蜂全部飞出前，无人机3 可以刚好完成1号玉米地的飞行轨迹。通过放蜂箱1可以保证8000只夜蛾黑卵蜂均匀地分布在1号玉米地内，通过后端控制台内的时钟模块，计算出无人机3完成1号玉米地放蜂的时间为15分钟。
如图2所示，放蜂箱1的侧面顶端位置固定连接有多个浮力叶片11，多个浮力叶片11水平且等距设置在放蜂箱1的侧面；放蜂箱1的侧面靠近浮力叶片11的底部设有多个旋转叶片12，多个旋转叶片12竖直且等距设置在放蜂箱1的侧面，旋转叶片12与放蜂箱1对应处切面的夹角为30度至60度。在无人机3带着放蜂箱1飞行的过程中，放蜂箱1会与空气发生摩擦，而设置的旋转叶片12受到空气摩擦时对放蜂箱1施加平行于飞行方向的作用力，根据空气动力学，旋转叶片12锐角一侧的作用力会大于旋转叶片12钝角一侧的作用力，因此放蜂箱1会自转，在放蜂箱1自转的过程会带着浮力叶片11转动，而转动的浮力叶片11会产生与空气相对的上升气流，相当于减少了放蜂箱1的自身重力，增加了无人机3的续航。
如图2、图3和图7所示，放蜂箱1的顶面圆心位置固定连接有螺纹杆13，连接件2的底面固定连接有与螺纹杆13相契合的螺纹套22，螺纹套22嵌套在螺纹杆13的外侧；放蜂箱1的顶面偏离圆心位置螺纹连接有气压阀14，用于稳定放蜂箱1内腔的气压。工作时，如图8所示，由于螺纹杆13是与放蜂箱1固定连接的，因此，在放蜂箱1自转时也会带动螺纹杆13转动，而螺纹套22与螺纹杆13组成了真空泵结构，在螺纹杆13转动时，螺纹杆13可以将空气通过连接件2吸入螺纹套22，再通过螺纹套22注入上腔体151内，使上腔体151内的气压上升，上升的气压可以推动放蜂盖15，使放蜂盖15克服弹簧的弹力沿放蜂箱1的内壁滑动，缩小下腔体152的体积，设置的气压阀14可以调节上腔体151内的气压，使上腔体151内的气压处于稳定的状态，防止上腔体151内的气压过大，导致放蜂盖15滑动过快。
如图4所示，放蜂箱1的底面可拆卸连接有放蜂盘16，放蜂盘16的内侧设有活动的旋转盘17；放蜂盘16的表面开设有若干通孔，用于夜蛾黑卵蜂脱离放蜂箱1，旋转盘17用于调节放蜂盘16表面通孔的面积，在放蜂盘16底面安装一个电机，该电机用于驱动旋转盘17，调节旋转盘17的转动角度，在上腔体151内设置电源，该电源应当为两组，对称设置在放蜂箱1的内壁上， 以抵消放蜂箱1自转时的离心力，该电机通过导线与电源连接，由电源提供电力。工作时，电机驱动旋转盘17，根据通孔的大小以及形状确定旋转盘17的转动角度，当需要放蜂时，可以将通孔的面积调整至最大，保证夜蛾黑卵蜂可以快速通过通孔。
如图3所示，放蜂盖15的边缘与放蜂箱1的内壁密封接触，放蜂盖15的底面为光滑弧形曲面。在放蜂箱1自转时，放蜂盖15也会随着放蜂箱1的自转而自转，自转的放蜂盖15会产生离心力，保证处于放蜂盖15顶面的夜蛾黑卵蜂会受到离心力的作用，由于放蜂盖15的底面为光滑弧形曲面，所以夜蛾黑卵蜂在离心力的作用下会沿着放蜂盖15的底面滑动，最终会落到放蜂盘16的顶面，并通过放蜂盘16表面通孔飞出。
如图1、图2和图5所示，无人机3的底面中间位置固定连接有连接弹簧34，连接弹簧34的底端固定连接有升降板31，升降板31的侧面通过转轴活动连接有连接臂32，连接臂32远离升降板31的一端转动连接有连接卡扣33；连接卡扣33的侧面中间位置与连接臂32转动连接，连接卡扣33的顶端与无人机3的底面通过转轴活动连接，连接件2的顶面靠近连接卡扣33的位置开设有与连接卡扣33相契合的连接卡槽21；升降板31的顶面中间位置固定连接有细绳，细绳远离升降板31的一端穿过无人机3连接有拉环，拉环通过细绳调节升降板31的位置。工作时，拉动拉环，拉环会通过细绳克服连接弹簧34的弹力驱动升降板31，使升降板31向无人机3一侧移动，升降板31向无人机3一侧移动的过程中会通过连接臂32推动连接卡扣33，使连接卡扣33向无人机3的外侧展开，此时可以将无人机3放在连接件2的顶面，并保证四个连接卡扣33刚好配合连接卡槽21的位置，然后放开拉环，连接弹簧34会将弹力作用在升降板31上，使升降板31向连接件2一侧移动，升降板31向连接件2一侧移动的过程中会通过连接臂32拉动连接卡扣33，连接卡扣33向无人机3的内侧收拢，并保证连接卡扣33配合连接卡槽21，使无人机3与连接件2连接稳固。
实施例2：
2号玉米地与1号玉米地的不同之处在于使用普通的蜂箱代替放蜂箱1，该蜂箱内同样存放8000只夜蛾黑卵蜂，然后使用无人机3连接蜂箱，保证无 人机3可以带着蜂箱在2号玉米地的上空进行放蜂操作，经过无人机3在2号玉米地上空盘旋60分钟后，发现残留较多夜蛾黑卵蜂，在更换无人机3后，继续放蜂60分钟，收回蜂箱，发现蜂箱内壁仍然残留434只夜蛾黑卵蜂。
实施例3：
3号玉米地作为空白实验，不投放夜蛾黑卵蜂。
观察7天后，每块玉米地均取出7块样本，检查夜蛾卵寄生率，得出下表数据：
上表“投入”为投入无人机次数，“平均”为平均夜蛾卵寄生率。
由上表数据可知1号玉米地的夜蛾卵寄生率稳定，平均夜蛾卵寄生率为94.7％，寄生率较高，放蜂达到的效果好，而2号玉米地的夜蛾卵寄生率不稳定，平均夜蛾卵寄生率为63.7％，放蜂达到的效果不理想，因此，本申请使用的放蜂箱1具有提高和稳定夜蛾卵寄生率的效果。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点。本领域的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入本发明要求保护的范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其特征在于，包括：
    放蜂箱(1)，所述放蜂箱(1)的顶面中间位置活动连接有连接件(2)，所述放蜂箱(1)的内腔通过弹簧连接有滑动的放蜂盖(15)，所述放蜂盖(15)将放蜂箱(1)的内腔分割为上腔体(151)和下腔体(152)，所述下腔体(152)用于存放夜蛾黑卵蜂，所述放蜂盖(15)用于调节下腔体(152)的体积；
    无人机(3)，所述无人机(3)可拆卸连接在连接件(2)的顶面，用于运输放蜂箱(1)，所述无人机(3)的内部设有定位模块；
    后端控制台，所述后端控制台内部设有时钟模块和无线网络模块，所述后端控制台通过无线网络模块控制无人机(3)，所述时钟模块用于记录放蜂箱(1)的投放时间。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其特征在于：所述放蜂箱(1)的侧面顶端位置固定连接有多个浮力叶片(11)，多个所述浮力叶片(11)水平且等距设置在放蜂箱(1)的侧面。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其特征在于：所述放蜂箱(1)的侧面靠近浮力叶片(11)的底部设有多个旋转叶片(12)，多个所述旋转叶片(12)竖直且等距设置在放蜂箱(1)的侧面，所述旋转叶片(12)与放蜂箱(1)对应处切面的夹角为30度至60度。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其特征在于：所述放蜂箱(1)的顶面圆心位置固定连接有螺纹杆(13)，所述连接件(2)的底面固定连接有与螺纹杆(13)相契合的螺纹套(22)，所述螺纹套(22)嵌套在螺纹杆(13)的外侧；
    所述放蜂箱(1)的顶面偏离圆心位置螺纹连接有气压阀(14)，用于稳定放蜂箱(1)内腔的气压。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其特征在于：所述放蜂箱(1)的底面可拆卸连接有放蜂盘(16)，所述放蜂盘(16)的内侧设有活动的旋转盘(17)；
    所述放蜂盘(16)的表面开设有若干通孔，用于夜蛾黑卵蜂脱离放蜂箱(1)， 所述旋转盘(17)用于调节放蜂盘(16)表面通孔的面积。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其特征在于：所述放蜂盖(15)的边缘与放蜂箱(1)的内壁密封接触，所述放蜂盖(15)的底面为光滑弧形曲面。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其特征在于：所述无人机(3)的底面中间位置固定连接有连接弹簧(34)，所述连接弹簧(34)的底端固定连接有升降板(31)，所述升降板(31)的侧面活动连接有连接臂(32)，所述连接臂(32)远离升降板(31)的一端活动连接有连接卡扣(33)。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其特征在于：所述连接卡扣(33)的侧面中间位置与连接臂(32)活动连接，所述连接卡扣(33)的顶端与无人机(3)的底面活动连接，所述连接件(2)的顶面靠近连接卡扣(33)的位置开设有与连接卡扣(33)相契合的连接卡槽(21)。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其特征在于：所述升降板(31)的顶面中间位置固定连接有细绳，所述细绳远离升降板(31)的一端穿过无人机(3)连接有拉环，所述拉环通过细绳调节升降板(31)的位置。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的夜蛾黑卵蜂田间放蜂定位系统，其特征在于：所述定位模块为GPS或BDS。
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