WO2023222038A1 - 一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置 - Google Patents

一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023222038A1
WO2023222038A1 PCT/CN2023/094787 CN2023094787W WO2023222038A1 WO 2023222038 A1 WO2023222038 A1 WO 2023222038A1 CN 2023094787 W CN2023094787 W CN 2023094787W WO 2023222038 A1 WO2023222038 A1 WO 2023222038A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
furnace
fixed
temperature
furnace wall
steam pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/094787
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王昌济
李寒旭
张蕾
李建
朱远远
何建
刘铭
Original Assignee
安徽理工大学
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Publication date
Application filed by 安徽理工大学 filed Critical 安徽理工大学
Priority to US18/484,611 priority Critical patent/US20240034947A1/en
Publication of WO2023222038A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023222038A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/40—Movable grates
    • C10J3/42—Rotary grates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/10—Continuous processes using external heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/32—Devices for distributing fuel evenly over the bed or for stirring up the fuel bed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/01—Control of temperature without auxiliary power
    • G05D23/02—Control of temperature without auxiliary power with sensing element expanding and contracting in response to changes of temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/01—Control of temperature without auxiliary power
    • G05D23/12—Control of temperature without auxiliary power with sensing element responsive to pressure or volume changes in a confined fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/36—Moving parts inside the gasification reactor not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1246—Heating the gasifier by external or indirect heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1253—Heating the gasifier by injecting hot gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1838—Autothermal gasification by injection of oxygen or steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of coal gasification furnaces, and more specifically, to a gasification furnace baking device that automatically adjusts temperature.
  • the purpose of the gasification furnace drying oven is to make the furnace wall dry to a certain degree and prevent the furnace wall from cracking due to moisture in the furnace wall and uneven expansion after rapid heating when the boiler is running.
  • the oven can also make the mortar joints of the furnace wall achieve better strength and improve the ability of the furnace wall to withstand high temperatures.
  • the heating curve should be determined based on various boiler models, whether it is a light furnace wall or a heavy furnace wall, the prevailing and local climate conditions and other factors.
  • the oven should be baked according to the determined heating plan. Pay attention to drawing the heating curve. And store it in the boiler technical file.
  • the present invention uses high-temperature steam for drying, and aims to provide a gasification furnace drying device that automatically adjusts temperature to solve the problems raised in the above background technology:
  • An automatic temperature-adjusting gasifier oven device including a gasifier and an oven assembly.
  • the gasifier includes a furnace wall.
  • the top of the furnace wall is provided with a coal inlet.
  • the top side of the furnace wall A gas outlet is provided, and a cooling layer is provided outside the bottom of the furnace wall.
  • the oven assembly includes an oven feeding device, a temperature detection device and an automatic control valve.
  • the oven feeding device can be detachably installed at the coal inlet.
  • the automatic control valve can be detachably installed at the end of the gas outlet away from the furnace wall.
  • the temperature detection device is installed on the outside of the middle part of the furnace wall.
  • the temperature detection device and the automatic control valve are connected through a heat-resistant hose.
  • the interior of the heat-resistant hose is filled with liquid that has obvious thermal expansion and cooling effect and is resistant to high temperatures.
  • the oven feeding device includes a fixed ring, which is movably connected to the coal inlet.
  • a steam pipe is inserted in the middle of the fixed ring, and the bottom of the steam pipe goes deep into the interior of the furnace wall.
  • the top of the steam pipe is connected to the high-temperature steam delivery device.
  • a protective sleeve is set on the outer side of the upper half of the steam pipe.
  • a control sleeve is set on the outer side of the lower half of the steam pipe.
  • the top of the control sleeve There is a fixed spring A, the top of the spring A is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the protective sleeve, and the outer sides of the control sleeve and the steam pipe are provided with air outlets;
  • the air outlets on the surface of the steam pipe and the control sleeve do not overlap, and when the spring A is extended, the air outlets on the surface of the steam pipe and the control sleeve overlap.
  • the temperature detection device includes a fixed part and a moving part.
  • the fixed part is fixedly installed on the outside of the furnace wall.
  • a thermally conductive metal rod A is fixed inside the fixed part.
  • the moving part is movable with the fixed part. connection, the end of the moving part close to the fixed part is inserted with a thermally conductive metal rod B.
  • the thermally conductive metal rod A and the thermally conductive metal rod B closely fit, and the end of the moving part away from the fixed part A heat-resistant hose is provided, and an adjustment valve is provided on the top of the moving part.
  • the automatic control valve includes a valve body, the radius of the middle part of the valve body is larger than the radius of both ends, fixed rods are fixed on the inner walls of both ends of the valve body, and the middle part of the valve body is divided into two
  • the end of the chamber close to the gas outlet is a sealed cavity, and the end far away from the gas outlet is a gas transmission cavity.
  • the radius of the gas transmission cavity is larger than the sealing cavity.
  • the inside of the sealed cavity is equipped with a moving piston.
  • the middle part of the moving piston has a hole and a central shaft is inserted into the hole.
  • One end of the central shaft is fixedly connected to a fixed rod close to the gas outlet.
  • the central shaft is fixedly connected to a fixed rod close to the gas outlet.
  • a spring B is set on the outside of the shaft, and the two ends of the spring B are fixedly connected to the fixed rod and the moving piston near the gas outlet respectively.
  • a swivel ring is in frictional contact with the inside of the gas delivery chamber, a stopper is fixed on the outside of the swivel ring, and a groove is provided on the inner wall of the valve body for the stopper to move.
  • the swivel ring A bearing is connected to one end far away from the gas outlet.
  • a rotating shaft is inserted in the middle of the bearing. The rotating shaft is connected to a fixed rod far away from the gas outlet.
  • An arc-shaped groove is provided on the inner wall of the valve body.
  • the arc-shaped groove is The bottom is connected to the heat-resistant hose, and a moving block is movably provided inside the arc-shaped groove, and the moving block is fixedly connected to the stopper.
  • the radius of the rotating ring is greater than the radius of the moving piston.
  • An insert is fixed at one end of the moving piston close to the rotating ring.
  • a socket is provided at one end of the rotating ring close to the moving piston.
  • the rotating ring is close to the edge. There are several leak holes at the location;
  • the jack and the plug-in do not overlap.
  • the jack and the plug-in overlap.
  • the furnace wall is made of refractory bricks, a grate is provided on the bottom inner wall of the furnace wall, support legs are fixedly connected to the outside of the bottom of the furnace wall, and a furnace bottom is provided in the middle of the bottom of the furnace wall. ;
  • a steam outlet and a safety valve are respectively provided at both ends of the top of the cooling layer, and a cooling water inlet is provided outside the middle of the cooling layer.
  • the present invention feeds high-temperature steam evenly by designing the oven feeding device to ensure that the high-temperature steam can be evenly exposed to the high-temperature steam throughout the gasification furnace, ensure that the interior of the gasifier is evenly heated, and prevent uneven heating of the interior of the furnace wall. All resulted in rupture.
  • the temperature detection device can transfer the temperature inside the gasifier to the mercury inside the heat-resistant hose. Then the mercury expands when heated and automatically controls the opening and closing of the automatic control valve according to the temperature.
  • the present invention can realize quick installation and disassembly of the device through the design of fixed parts and moving parts.
  • the adjusting valve can squeeze the mercury inside the moving parts into the heat-resistant hose, thereby changing the threshold of the automatic control valve.
  • Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the oven feeding device of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the temperature detection device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the automatic control valve of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the moving piston and swivel ring of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped groove of the present invention.
  • Valve body 502. Fixed rod; 503. Central shaft; 504. Spring B; 505. Moving piston; 506. Bearing; 507. Swivel; 508. Jack; 509. Plug-in; 510. Leak hole; 511 , stopper; 512, arc groove; 513, moving block.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or it can be inside two components of connectivity.
  • Connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or it can be inside two components of connectivity.
  • An automatic temperature-adjusting gasifier oven device includes a gasifier 1 and an oven assembly.
  • the gasifier 1 includes a furnace wall 101, and a coal inlet 103 is provided at the top of the furnace wall 101. , a gas outlet 104 is provided on the top side of the furnace wall 101, and a cooling layer 2 is provided on the bottom outside of the furnace wall 101.
  • the oven assembly includes an oven feeding device 3, a temperature detection device 4 and an automatic control valve 5.
  • the oven feeding device 3 The automatic control valve 5 can be detachably installed inside the coal inlet 103.
  • the automatic control valve 5 can be detachably installed at the end of the gas outlet 104 away from the furnace wall 101.
  • the temperature detection device 4 is installed on the outside of the middle part of the furnace wall 101.
  • the temperature detection device 4 and the automatic control valve 5 is connected through a heat-resistant hose 405.
  • the interior of the heat-resistant hose 405 is filled with a liquid with obvious thermal expansion and cooling effect and high temperature resistance. Since the melting point of mercury is -38.87°C, the boiling point is 356.6°C and the thermal expansion and contraction properties of mercury are obvious. , where mercury is used as the thermal fluid.
  • the material of the furnace wall 101 is refractory bricks.
  • a grate 105 is provided on the bottom inner wall of the furnace wall 101.
  • a support foot 102 is fixedly connected to the outside of the bottom of the furnace wall 101.
  • a furnace bottom 106 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the furnace wall 101;
  • a steam outlet 202 and a safety valve 203 are provided at both ends of the top of the cooling layer 2 respectively, and a cooling water inlet 201 is provided outside the middle of the cooling layer 2 .
  • the oven feeding device 3 includes a fixed ring 301, which is movably connected to the coal inlet 103.
  • a steam pipe 302 is inserted in the middle of the fixed ring 301.
  • the bottom of the steam pipe 302 goes deep into the interior of the furnace wall 101, and the top of the steam pipe 302 Connected to the high-temperature steam delivery device, the upper half of the steam pipe 302 is covered with a protective sleeve 303, the lower half of the steam pipe 302 is covered with a control sleeve 305, and the top of the control sleeve 305 is fixed with a spring A304.
  • the top of the spring A304 is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the protective sleeve 303, and an air outlet 306 is provided on the outside of the control sleeve 305 and the steam pipe 302;
  • the temperature detection device 4 includes a fixed part 401 and a moving part 403.
  • the fixed part 401 is fixedly installed on the outside of the furnace wall 101, and a thermally conductive metal rod is fixed inside the fixed part 401.
  • the moving part 403 can be movably connected with the fixed part 401.
  • the heat-conducting metal rod B404 is inserted into one end of the moving part 403 close to the fixed part 401.
  • a heat-resistant hose 405 is provided at one end of the moving part 403 away from the fixed part 401, and a regulating valve 406 is provided at the top of the moving part 403.
  • the temperature detection device 4 can transfer the temperature inside the gasifier 1 to the mercury inside the heat-resistant hose 405, and then the mercury expands when heated, and automatically controls the opening and closing of the automatic control valve 5 according to the temperature.
  • the adjusting valve 406 can squeeze the mercury inside the moving part 403 into the heat-resistant hose 405, thereby changing the threshold of the automatic control valve 5.
  • the automatic control valve 5 includes a valve body 501.
  • the radius of the middle part of the valve body 501 is larger than the radius of both ends. Fixed rods are fixed on the inner walls of both ends of the valve body 501. 502, the middle part of the valve body 501 is divided into two chambers, one end close to the gas outlet 104 is the sealing cavity, and the end far away from the gas outlet 104 is the gas transmission cavity, and the radius of the gas transmission cavity is larger than the sealing cavity.
  • the inside of the sealed cavity is equipped with a moving piston 505.
  • a moving piston 505 There is a hole in the middle of the moving piston 505 and a central shaft 503 is inserted into the hole.
  • One end of the central shaft 503 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 502 close to the gas outlet 104.
  • the outer side of the central shaft 503 is sleeved.
  • a spring B504 is provided, and both ends of the spring B504 are fixedly connected to the fixed rod 502 and the moving piston 505 close to the gas outlet 104 respectively.
  • a rotating ring 507 in frictional contact with the inside of the gas transmission chamber.
  • a stopper 511 is fixed on the outside of the rotating ring 507.
  • a groove is provided on the inner wall of the valve body 501 for the movement of the stopper 511.
  • the rotating ring 507 is away from the gas outlet 104.
  • One end is connected with a bearing 506, and a rotating shaft is inserted in the middle of the bearing 506.
  • the rotating shaft is connected to a fixed rod 502 away from the gas outlet 104.
  • An arc-shaped groove 512 is provided on the inner wall of the valve body 501, and the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 512 is connected with the heat-resistant soft
  • the tubes 405 are connected, and a moving block 513 is movably provided inside the arc-shaped groove 512.
  • the moving block 513 is fixedly connected to the stopper 511. When the mercury inside the heat-resistant hose 405 is heated and expands, the mercury will push the moving block 513 to move inside the arc-shaped groove 512, thereby driving the stopper 511 to move, and then driving the rotating ring 507 to rotate.
  • the radius of the rotating ring 507 is larger than the radius of the moving piston 505.
  • An insert 509 is fixed at one end of the moving piston 505 close to the rotating ring 507.
  • a socket 508 is provided at one end of the rotating ring 507 close to the moving piston 505.
  • a socket 508 is provided at the end of the rotating ring 507 close to the edge.
  • the jack 508 and the plug-in 509 do not overlap.
  • the jack 508 and the plug-in 509 overlap.
  • the moving piston 505 moves into the gas delivery chamber so that steam can overflow.
  • the moving piston 505 returns to its original position.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，属于煤气化炉技术领域。一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，包括气化炉和烘炉组件，所述气化炉包括炉壁，所述炉壁的顶端设置有煤料进口，所述炉壁的顶部侧面设置有煤气出口，所述炉壁的底部外侧设置有冷却层，所述烘炉组件包括烘炉送料装置、温度检测装置以及自动控制阀，所述烘炉送料装置可拆卸安装在煤料进口的内部，所述自动控制阀可拆卸安装在煤气出口远离炉壁的一端，所述温度检测装置安装在炉壁的中部外侧，所述温度检测装置与自动控制阀通过耐热软管连接。本发明有效解决了目前市面上的烘炉装置很难让气化炉的内部温度保持相当，且烘炉温度控制精度不够的问题。

Description

一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置 技术领域
本发明涉及煤气化炉技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置。
背景技术
气化炉烘炉的目的是使炉墙达到一定的干燥程度，防止锅炉运行时由于炉墙潮湿，急骤受热后膨胀不均匀而造成炉墙开裂。此外，烘炉还可使炉墙的灰缝达到比较好的强度，提高炉墙耐高温的能力。
气化炉烘炉的方法目前主要有两种，即火焰烘炉法和蒸汽烘炉法。烘炉时，应根据各种不同的锅炉型号，是轻型炉墙还是重型炉墙，当时、当地的气候条件等因素确定升温曲线，按确定好的升温方案进行烘炉，要注意绘制升温曲线，并将其存入锅炉技术档案。
烘炉过程中需要时刻注意避免气化炉燃烧室上、下热偶的指示相差过大，最高、最低温差应控制在100℃以内，否则可能会造成炉墙开裂。但目前市面上的烘炉装置很难让气化炉的内部温度保持相当，且烘炉温度控制精度不够。
发明内容
本发明利用高温蒸汽进行烘炉，目的在于提供一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题：
目前市面上的烘炉装置很难让气化炉的内部温度保持相当，且烘炉温度控制精度不够。
一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，包括气化炉和烘炉组件，所述气化炉包括炉壁，所述炉壁的顶端设置有煤料进口，所述炉壁的顶部侧面设置有煤气出口，所述炉壁的底部外侧设置有冷却层，所述烘炉组件包括烘炉送料装置、温度检测装置以及自动控制阀，所述烘炉送料装置可拆卸安装在煤料进口的内部，所述自动控制阀可拆卸安装在煤气出口远离炉壁的一端，所述温度检测装置安装在炉壁的中部外侧，所述温度检测装置与自动控制阀通过耐热软管连接，所述耐热软管的内部填充有热胀冷却效果明显且耐高温的液体。
优选的，所述烘炉送料装置包括固定圈，所述固定圈与煤料进口活动连接，所述固定圈的中部插设有蒸汽管，所述蒸汽管的底部深入炉壁的内部，所述蒸汽管的顶部与高温蒸汽输送装置连接，所述蒸汽管的上半部外侧套设有保护套管，所述蒸汽管的下半部外侧套设有控制套管，所述控制套管的顶部固设有弹簧A，所述弹簧A的顶部与保护套管的顶部内壁固定连接，所述控制套管和蒸汽管的外侧均开设有出气孔；
优选的，所述弹簧A放松时蒸汽管和控制套管表面的出气孔不重合，所述弹簧A伸长时蒸汽管和控制套管表面的出气孔重合。
优选的，所述温度检测装置包括固定件和移动件，所述固定件固定安装在炉壁的外侧，所述固定件的内部固设有导热金属杆A，所述移动件可与固定件活动连接，所述移动件靠近固定件的一端插设有导热金属杆B，当固定件与移动件连接时，导热金属杆A与导热金属杆B密切贴合，所述移动件远离固定件的一端设置有耐热软管，所述移动件的顶部设置有调节阀门。
优选的，所述自动控制阀包括阀体，所述阀体的中部半径大于两端半径，所述阀体的两端内壁上均固设有固定杆，所述阀体的中部分为两个腔室，靠近煤气出口的一端为密封腔，远离煤气出口的一端为输气腔，所述输气腔的半径大于密封腔。
优选的，所述密封腔的内部配合有移动活塞，所述移动活塞的中部开孔且孔内插设有中轴，所述中轴的一端与靠近煤气出口的固定杆固定连接，所述中轴的外侧套设有弹簧B，且所述弹簧B的两端分别与靠近煤气出口的固定杆以及移动活塞固定连接。
优选的，所述输气腔的内部摩擦接触有转环，所述转环的外侧固设有挡块，所述阀体的内壁上开设有可供挡块移动的凹槽，所述转环远离煤气出口的一端连接有轴承，所述轴承的中部插设有转轴，所述转轴与远离煤气出口的固定杆连接，所述阀体的内壁上开设有弧形槽，所述弧形槽的底部与耐热软管连通，所述弧形槽的内部可移动设置有移动块，所述移动块与挡块固定连接。
优选的，所述转环的半径大于移动活塞的半径，所述移动活塞靠近转环的一端固设有插件，所述转环靠近移动活塞的一端开设有插孔，所述转环靠近边缘的位置开设有数个漏气孔；
优选的，当所述转环位于常态位置时，插孔与插件不重合，当转环转动一定角度后，插孔和插件重合。
优选的，所述炉壁的材料为耐火砖，所述炉壁的底部内壁上设置有炉篦，所述炉壁的底部外侧固定连接有支撑脚，所述炉壁的底部中部设置有炉底；
优选的，所述冷却层的顶部两端分别设置有蒸汽出口和安全阀，所述冷却层的中部外侧开设有冷却水进口。
有益效果
相比于现有技术，本发明的优点在于：
1、本发明通过设计烘炉送料装置对高温蒸汽进行均匀送料，保证气化炉的内部各处均能均匀的接触到高温蒸汽，保证其内部各处受热均匀，防止炉壁内部各处受热不均产生破裂。
2、温度检测装置可以将气化炉内部的温度传递到耐热软管内部的水银处，然后水银受热膨胀，根据温度自动控制自动控制阀的打开和关闭。
3、本发明通过固定件和移动件的设计，可以实现装置的快速安装和拆卸，调节阀门可以将移动件内部的水银挤入耐热软管内，从而改变自动控制阀门的阈值。
附图说明
图1为本发明的整体示意图；
图2为本发明的剖面图；
图3为本发明的烘炉送料装置的剖面图；
图4为本发明的温度检测装置剖面图；
图5为本发明的自动控制阀剖面图；
图6为本发明的移动活塞以及转环示意图；
图7为本发明的弧形槽示意图。
图中标号说明：1、气化炉；101、炉壁；102、支撑脚；103、煤料进口；104、煤气出口；105、炉篦；106、炉底；2、冷却层；201、冷却水进口；202、蒸汽出口；203、安全阀；3、烘炉送料装置；301、固定圈；302、蒸汽管；303、保护套管；304、弹簧A；305、控制套管；306、出气孔；4、温度检测装置；401、固定件；402、导热金属杆A；403、移动件；404、导热金属杆B；405、耐热软管；406、调节阀门；5、自动控制阀；501、阀体；502、固定杆；503、中轴；504、弹簧B；505、移动活塞；506、轴承；507、转环；508、插孔；509、插件；510、漏气孔；511、挡块；512、弧形槽；513、移动块。
具体实施方式
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“设置有”、“套设/接”、“连接”等，应做广义理解，例如“连接”，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例1：
请参阅1-3图，一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，包括气化炉1和烘炉组件，气化炉1包括炉壁101，炉壁101的顶端设置有煤料进口103，炉壁101的顶部侧面设置有煤气出口104，炉壁101的底部外侧设置有冷却层2，烘炉组件包括烘炉送料装置3、温度检测装置4以及自动控制阀5，烘炉送料装置3可拆卸安装在煤料进口103的内部，自动控制阀5可拆卸安装在煤气出口104远离炉壁101的一端，温度检测装置4安装在炉壁101的中部外侧，温度检测装置4与自动控制阀5通过耐热软管405连接，耐热软管405的内部填充有热胀冷却效果明显且耐高温的液体，由于水银熔点为-38.87℃，沸点为356.6℃且水银的热胀冷缩性质明显，此处使用水银作为导热液。
炉壁101的材料为耐火砖，炉壁101的底部内壁上设置有炉篦105，炉壁101的底部外侧固定连接有支撑脚102，炉壁101的底部中部设置有炉底106；
冷却层2的顶部两端分别设置有蒸汽出口202和安全阀203，冷却层2的中部外侧开设有冷却水进口201。
烘炉送料装置3包括固定圈301，固定圈301与煤料进口103活动连接，固定圈301的中部插设有蒸汽管302，蒸汽管302的底部深入炉壁101的内部，蒸汽管302的顶部与高温蒸汽输送装置连接，蒸汽管302的上半部外侧套设有保护套管303，蒸汽管302的下半部外侧套设有控制套管305，控制套管305的顶部固设有弹簧A304，弹簧A304的顶部与保护套管303的顶部内壁固定连接，控制套管305和蒸汽管302的外侧均开设有出气孔306；
弹簧A304放松时蒸汽管302和控制套管305表面的出气孔306不重合，弹簧A304伸长时蒸汽管302和控制套管305表面的出气孔306重合。
当高温蒸汽通过蒸汽管302通入气化炉1的内部时，其出气口全部被堵住，此时蒸汽管302内部气压逐渐增大，控制套管305的底部受气压影响向下移动，直至蒸汽管302和控制套管305表面的出气孔306重合，高温蒸汽从出气孔306均匀喷出，保证气化炉1的内部各处均能均匀的接触到高温蒸汽，保证其内部各处受热均匀。
当蒸汽管302内部气压降低后，控制套管305在弹簧A304的作用下上升，出气孔306闭合，蒸汽管302的内部气压继续累积，然后重复上述过程。
实施例2：
与实施例1不同之处在于，请参阅4图，温度检测装置4包括固定件401和移动件403，固定件401固定安装在炉壁101的外侧，固定件401的内部固设有导热金属杆A402，移动件403可与固定件401活动连接，移动件403靠近固定件401的一端插设有导热金属杆B404，当固定件401与移动件403连接时，导热金属杆A402与导热金属杆B404 密切贴合，移动件403远离固定件401的一端设置有耐热软管405，移动件403的顶部设置有调节阀门406。
温度检测装置4可以将气化炉1内部的温度传递到耐热软管405内部的水银处，然后水银受热膨胀，根据温度自动控制自动控制阀5的打开和关闭。
通过固定件401和移动件403的设计，可以实现装置的快速安装和拆卸，调节阀门406可以将移动件403内部的水银挤入耐热软管405内，从而改变自动控制阀门5的阈值。
实施例3：
与实施例2不同之处在于，请参阅5-7图，自动控制阀5包括阀体501，阀体501的中部半径大于两端半径，阀体501的两端内壁上均固设有固定杆502，阀体501的中部分为两个腔室，靠近煤气出口104的一端为密封腔，远离煤气出口104的一端为输气腔，输气腔的半径大于密封腔。
密封腔的内部配合有移动活塞505，移动活塞505的中部开孔且孔内插设有中轴503，中轴503的一端与靠近煤气出口104的固定杆502固定连接，中轴503的外侧套设有弹簧B504，且弹簧B504的两端分别与靠近煤气出口104的固定杆502以及移动活塞505固定连接。
输气腔的内部摩擦接触有转环507，转环507的外侧固设有挡块511，阀体501的内壁上开设有可供挡块511移动的凹槽，转环507远离煤气出口104的一端连接有轴承506，轴承506的中部插设有转轴，转轴与远离煤气出口104的固定杆502连接，阀体501的内壁上开设有弧形槽512，弧形槽512的底部与耐热软管405连通，弧形槽512的内部可移动设置有移动块513，移动块513与挡块511固定连接。当耐热软管405内部的水银受热膨胀后，水银会推动移动块513在弧形槽512内部移动，从而带动挡块511移动，进而带动转环507转动。
当移动活塞505从密封腔移动至输气腔时，气化炉1内部的高温蒸汽会从中溢出。
转环507的半径大于移动活塞505的半径，移动活塞505靠近转环507的一端固设有插件509，转环507靠近移动活塞505的一端开设有插孔508，转环507靠近边缘的位置开设有数个漏气孔510；
当转环507位于常态位置时，插孔508与插件509不重合，当转环507转动一定角度后，插孔508和插件509重合。
当转环507转动至插孔508与插件509重合时，移动活塞505移动至输气腔内，蒸汽可溢出，当气化炉1内部气压降低后，移动活塞505归位。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的仅为本发明的优选例，并不用来限制本发明，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，包括气化炉(1)和烘炉组件，所述气化炉(1)包括炉壁(101)，所述炉壁(101)的顶端设置有煤料进口(103)，所述炉壁(101)的顶部侧面设置有煤气出口(104)，所述炉壁(101)的底部外侧设置有冷却层(2)，其特征在于，
    所述烘炉组件包括烘炉送料装置(3)、温度检测装置(4)以及自动控制阀(5)，所述烘炉送料装置(3)可拆卸安装在煤料进口(103)的内部，所述自动控制阀(5)可拆卸安装在煤气出口(104)远离炉壁(101)的一端，所述温度检测装置(4)安装在炉壁(101)的中部外侧，所述温度检测装置(4)与自动控制阀(5)通过耐热软管(405)连接，所述耐热软管(405)的内部填充有热胀冷却效果明显且耐高温的液体；
    所述温度检测装置(4)用于将气化炉(1)内部的温度传递到耐热软管(405)内部的液体处，通过液体受热膨胀，根据温度自动控制自动控制阀(5)的打开和关闭；
    所述烘炉送料装置(3)包括固定圈(301)，所述固定圈(301)与煤料进口(103)活动连接，所述固定圈(301)的中部插设有蒸汽管(302)，所述蒸汽管(302)的底部深入炉壁(101)的内部，所述蒸汽管(302)的顶部与高温蒸汽输送装置连接，所述蒸汽管(302)的上半部外侧套设有保护套管(303)，所述蒸汽管(302)的下半部外侧套设有控制套管(305)，所述控制套管(305)的顶部固设有弹簧A(304)，所述弹簧A(304)的顶部与保护套管(303)的顶部内壁固定连接，所述控制套管(305)和蒸汽管(302)的外侧均开设有出气孔(306)；
    所述弹簧A(304)放松时蒸汽管(302)和控制套管(305)表面的出气孔(306)不重合，所述弹簧A(304)伸长时蒸汽管(302)和控制套管(305)表面的出气孔(306)重合；
    当高温蒸汽通过蒸汽管(302)通入气化炉(1)的内部时，其出气口全部被堵住，此时蒸汽管(302)内部气压逐渐增大，控制套管(305)的底部受气压影响向下移动，直至蒸汽管(302)和控制套管(305)表面的出气孔(306)重合，高温蒸汽从出气孔(306)均匀喷出，使得气化炉(1)的内部各处均能均匀的接触到高温蒸汽，使得其内部各处受热均匀；
    当蒸汽管(302)内部气压降低后，控制套管(305)在弹簧A(304)的作用下上升，出气孔(306)闭合，蒸汽管(302)的内部气压继续累积，然后重复上述过程。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，其特征在于：所述温度检测装置(4)包括固定件(401)和移动件(403)，所述固定件(401)固定安装在炉壁(101)的外侧，所述固定件(401)的内部固设有导热金属杆A(402)，所述移动件(403)可与固定件(401)活动连接，所述移动件(403)靠近固定件(401)的一端插设有导热金属杆B(404)，当固定件(401)与移动件(403)连接时，导热金属杆A(402)与导热金属杆B(404)密切贴合，所述移动件(403)远离固定件(401)的一端设置有耐热软管(405)，所述移动件(403)的顶部设置有调节阀门(406)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，其特征在于：所述自动控制阀(5)包括阀体(501)，所述阀体(501)的中部半径大于两端半径，所述阀体(501)的两端内壁上均固设有固定杆(502)，所述阀体(501)的中部分为两个腔室，靠近煤气出口(104)的一端为密封腔，远离煤气出口(104)的一端为输气腔，所述输气腔的半径大于密封腔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，其特征在于：所述密封腔的内部配合有移动活塞(505)，所述移动活塞(505)的中部开孔且孔内插设有中轴(503)，所述中轴(503)的一端与靠近煤气出口(104)的固定杆(502)固定连 接，所述中轴(503)的外侧套设有弹簧B(504)，且所述弹簧B(504)的两端分别与靠近煤气出口(104)的固定杆(502)以及移动活塞(505)固定连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，其特征在于：所述输气腔的内部摩擦接触有转环(507)，所述转环(507)的外侧固设有挡块(511)，所述阀体(501)的内壁上开设有可供挡块(511)移动的凹槽，所述转环(507)远离煤气出口(104)的一端连接有轴承(506)，所述轴承(506)的中部插设有转轴，所述转轴与远离煤气出口(104)的固定杆(502)连接，所述阀体(501)的内壁上开设有弧形槽(512)，所述弧形槽(512)的底部与耐热软管(405)连通，所述弧形槽(512)的内部可移动设置有移动块(513)，所述移动块(513)与挡块(511)固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，其特征在于：所述转环(507)的半径大于移动活塞(505)的半径，所述移动活塞(505)靠近转环(507)的一端固设有插件(509)，所述转环(507)靠近移动活塞(505)的一端开设有插孔(508)，所述转环(507)靠近边缘的位置开设有数个漏气孔(510)；
    当所述转环(507)位于常态位置时，插孔(508)与插件(509)不重合，当转环(507)转动一定角度后，插孔(508)和插件(509)重合。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，其特征在于：所述热胀冷却效果明显且耐高温的液体采用水银。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置，其特征在于：所述炉壁(101)的材料为耐火砖，所述炉壁(101)的底部内壁上设置有炉篦(105)，所述炉壁(101)的底部外侧固定连接有支撑脚(102)，所述炉壁(101)的底部中部设置有炉底(106)；
    所述冷却层(2)的顶部两端分别设置有蒸汽出口(202)和安全阀(203)，所述冷却层(2)的中部外侧开设有冷却水进口(201)。
PCT/CN2023/094787 2022-05-17 2023-05-17 一种自动调节温度的气化炉烘炉装置 WO2023222038A1 (zh)

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