WO2023219484A1 - Probiotic mixtures, agricultural bioproducts and methods, for improving germinative capacity in vegetable seeds for planting - Google Patents

Probiotic mixtures, agricultural bioproducts and methods, for improving germinative capacity in vegetable seeds for planting Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023219484A1
WO2023219484A1 PCT/MX2023/050017 MX2023050017W WO2023219484A1 WO 2023219484 A1 WO2023219484 A1 WO 2023219484A1 MX 2023050017 W MX2023050017 W MX 2023050017W WO 2023219484 A1 WO2023219484 A1 WO 2023219484A1
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strain
seeds
bioproduct
cnrg
agricultural
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PCT/MX2023/050017
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
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Luis Rodrigo BECERRA CARRANZA
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Becerra Carranza Luis Rodrigo
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A01N63/22—Bacillus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A01N63/32—Yeast
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A01N63/38—Trichoderma

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to the technical field of Biotechnology and Agriculture, since it provides probiotic mixtures, agricultural bioproducts and methods to improve the germination capacity of vegetable seeds, preferably those intended for sowing.
  • Treating vegetable seeds for planting crops with inappropriate pesticides or at high doses can affect the germination percentage or germination-emergence time.
  • Plant seed species and varieties differ in susceptibility; For example, legumes are more susceptible than cereals and among cereals, corn and wheat are more susceptible than barley (Castillo-Tovar 2015).
  • the patent document MX/a/2017/014720 refers to a foliar application microbial consortium that acts as a biofertilizer and as a biological control agent. Between Its main functions are the stimulation of plant growth, the reduction of stress in the face of environmental fluctuations and the biological control of phytopathogens.
  • the consortium includes the following genera of bacteria and fungi: Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Beijerinckia, Trichoderma and Aspergillus, within which the species Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus azoto formas are considered; Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus stearothermophilus; Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida, Streptomyces avermitilis; Streptomyces noursei; Streptomyces griseus, Azotobacter chroococcum, Azotobacter vinelandii, Azospirillum brasilense; Azospirillum oryzae, Beijerinckia indica; Beijerinckia derxir, Trichoderma viride,
  • the species of the consortium can be epiphytic or endophytic and act in the aerial structures of plants. It includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria (BFN) that guarantee that nitrogen is fixed near the plant's assimilation sites, which is why they participate in the incorporation of nitrogen into organic matter.
  • BFN nitrogen-fixing bacteria
  • this document proposes the use of bacterial and fungal microorganisms, said consortium involves a large number of strains, and it is not evident that said consortium has an industrial application, since the strains involved are not specified. Nor is the existence of said strains evident, for example, if they are deposited in a recognized patent office, etc.
  • the fertilizer is made from, by weight, 5-10 parts of composite microorganisms, 10-30 parts of botanical organic matter, 5-20 parts of organic matter of animal origin, 3-10 parts of medium trace elements and 2-10 parts of other active additives.
  • the fertilizer is made from, by weight, 5-10 parts of composite microorganisms, 10-30 parts of botanical organic matter, 5-20 parts of organic matter of animal origin, 3-10 parts of medium trace elements and 2-10 parts of other active additives.
  • the solids obtained after composting are combined with the medium trace elements and other active substances to obtain a product.
  • the special growth-promoting and disease-resistant bacterial fertilizer has the advantages that great growth-promoting function and resistance effectiveness to diseases and insect damage are achieved, and after the application of the fertilizer, the rate of occurrence of diseases and insect damage of Radix astragali is obviously lower than that of common compound fertilizers, while the yield and quality of R. astragali mixture are obviously higher than those of common compound fertilizers.
  • microorganisms are the probiotic strains: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum; N-fixing strains: Azorhizobium tuberculosis, Azospirillum brasiliensis; growth promoting strains: Bacillus polymyxa, Streptomyces marine, Streptomyces avermitilis; and strains with an insecticidal effect: Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria bruce!, Metarhizium anisopliae.
  • the patent document EP2019190758A discloses combinations of active ingredients, in particular a fungicidal composition, which comprise: (A) fluoxapiproline and (B) at least one biological control agent and/or (C) at least one compound selected from insecticides, acaricides and nematicides.
  • the compositions are useful for controlling especially harmful microorganisms, in particular oomycetes, in crop protection, for the control of animal pests and as plant growth regulators.
  • biological control agents these can be selected from a large number of microorganisms, such as antibacterial agents and biological control agents that have an effect to improve the growth and/or health of plants; and these may be of the genus Bacillus spp. , Pseudomonas spp. , Rhizobium spp. , among others.
  • These biological control agents are already in the state of the art and were isolated by third parties. It can be concluded from this document that it is the combination of biological control agents with a chemical ingredient and optionally a fungicide agent.
  • strains of Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Rizobium spp. that are proposed are isolated in geographical regions outside our country or similar regions.
  • the patent document WO2018IB54949A describes mixtures that comprise a biopesticide and an inhibitor of nitri fication.
  • a large number of genera and species of microorganisms are listed among biopesticides; and also a wide range of nitrification inhibitors, among which biological and synthetic chemical nitrification inhibitor groups are mentioned.
  • the use of such mixtures is to increase plant health and/or provide better crop yields and/or better quality of plants or crops, and/or show better resistance to stress, and/or allow reducing the amount of pesticides used, and/or helping to avoid the development of resistance to said pesticides.
  • probiotic mixtures, agricultural bioproducts and methods have been developed to improve the germination capacity of vegetable seeds, preferably those intended for sowing.
  • a first object of the present invention is a probiotic mixture 1, which comprises: i) an isolated strain of Trichoderma harzianum, which is the ARS TH-19 strain deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB174; ii) an isolated strain of Bacillus subtilis which is the ARS BS-19 strain deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB175; and iii) an isolated strain of Azospirillum brasilense, which is the ARS AB-19 strain, deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB176.
  • probiotic mixture of the present invention is when the strains are in a 1:1:1 ratio.
  • a second object of the present invention is a probiotic mixture 2, which is the same probiotic mixture 1, but also comprises: i) an isolated strain of Metarhizium anisopliae (RVP MA-20); which is the RVP MA-20 strain, deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB195; and ii) an isolated strain of Beauveria bassiana, which is the RVP BB-20 strain, deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB196.
  • RVP MA-20 Metarhizium anisopliae
  • a third object of this invention is a probiotic mixture 3, which is the same probiotic mixture 2, but also comprises an isolated strain of Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis, which is the RVP BTI-20 strain, deposited with the number of tank CM-CNRG TB193. Where said isolated strain is present in an amount of 29.1%.
  • a fourth object of the present invention is an agricultural bioproduct to increase and preserve for a longer time the germination capacity of the embryo of plant seeds, where said bioproduct comprises the probiotic mixture 1 in accordance with this invention.
  • a fifth object of this invention is an agricultural bioproduct to increase the production of effective leaf area in vegetable seedlings, which contains the probiotic mixture 2 described in this invention.
  • One embodiment of this bioproduct is when the plant seeds are from plants of the Poaceae family.
  • a sixth object of the present invention is an agricultural bioproduct to increase the speed of emergence of vegetable seeds, which comprises the probiotic mixture 3 in accordance with the present invention. It is also a preferred embodiment of said agricultural bioproduct, when the plant seeds are from plants of the Poaceae family.
  • a seventh object of the invention in question is a method to increase and conserve for a longer time, the germination capacity of the embryo of plant seeds, which comprises, applying an effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct to increase and conserve for a longer time, the capacity germinative of the embryo of vegetable seeds, to seeds and/or vegetable grains intended for sowing.
  • An embodiment of this method is when the effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct is 1 mL per 1 Kg of seeds and/or grains; and such plant seeds and/or grains are from plants of the Poaceae family.
  • the present invention also has as its eighth object a method to increase the production of effective leaf area in plant seedlings, which comprises applying an effective amount of the bioproduct useful to increase the production of effective leaf area in plant seedlings, to seeds and/or grains. vegetables intended for planting.
  • the effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct is 1 mL per 1 kg of seeds and/or grains; and where the seeds and/or vegetable grains are from plants of the Poaceae family, preferably.
  • This invention also has a ninth object, which is a method to increase the speed of emergence in vegetable seeds, which comprises applying an effective amount of the bioproduct to increase the speed of emergence in vegetable seeds, to seeds and/or vegetable grains destined for planting.
  • the effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct is 1 mL per 1 kg of seeds and/or grains; and the plant seeds and/or grains are from plants of the Poaceae family.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to probiotic mixtures comprising: (A) a strain of Trichoderma harzianum, which is the strain ARS TH-19 deposited as CM-CNRG TB174, a strain of Bacillus subtilis, which is the strain ARS BS-19 deposited as CM-CNRG TB175, and a strain of Azospirillum brasilense, which is the strain ARS AB-19 deposited as CM-CNRG TB176; (B) a strain of Metarhizium anisopliae (RVP MA-20), which is the strain RVP MA-20 deposited as CM-CNRG TB195, and a strain of Beauveria bassiana, which is the strain RVP BB-20 deposited as CM-CNRG TB196; and (C) a strain of Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis, which is the strain RVP BTI-20 deposited as CM-CNRG TB193. The invention also relates to agricultural bioproducts comprising the probiotic mixtures, and to methods for increasing and preserving for longer the germinative capacity of the germ, and increasing effective leaf area and emergence speed in vegetable seeds intended for planting.

Description

MEZCLAS PROBIÓTICAS , BIOPRODUCTOS AGRÍCOLAS Y MÉTODOS , PARA MEJORAR LA CAPACIDAD GERMINATIVA EN SEMILLAS VEGETALES DE S IEMBRA PROBIOTIC MIXTURES, AGRICULTURAL BIOPRODUCTS AND METHODS, TO IMPROVE THE GERMINATIONAL CAPACITY IN PLANT SEEDS
CAMPO TÉCNICO DE LA INVENCIÓN TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se relaciona con el campo técnico de la Biotecnología y Agrícola, ya que aporta mezclas probióticas , bioproductos agrícolas y métodos para mej orar la capacidad germinativa de semillas vegetales , preferentemente aquellas destinadas a la siembra . The present invention is related to the technical field of Biotechnology and Agriculture, since it provides probiotic mixtures, agricultural bioproducts and methods to improve the germination capacity of vegetable seeds, preferably those intended for sowing.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
El tratar semillas vegetales para la siembra de cultivos con plaguicidas inadecuados o en dosis altas , pueden afectar el porcentaj e de germinación o el tiempo de germinación- emergencia . Las especies y variedades de semillas vegetales di fieren en susceptibilidad; por ej emplo , las leguminosas son más susceptibles que los cereales y entre los cereales , el mai z y el trigo son más susceptibles que la cebada ( Castillo-Tovar 2015 ) . Treating vegetable seeds for planting crops with inappropriate pesticides or at high doses can affect the germination percentage or germination-emergence time. Plant seed species and varieties differ in susceptibility; For example, legumes are more susceptible than cereals and among cereals, corn and wheat are more susceptible than barley (Castillo-Tovar 2015).
Es por ello , el interés de obtener productos alternativos para el tratamiento de semillas que serán utili zadas en la siembra de cultivos en los siguientes documentos de patentes se puede observar los intentos de obtener productos elaborados con productos químicos , orgánicos , biológicos , y su combinación entre ellos . For this reason, the interest in obtaining alternative products for the treatment of seeds that will be used in sowing crops in the following patent documents can be seen the attempts to obtain products made with chemical, organic, biological products, and their combination. among them .
El documento de patentes MX/a/2017 / 014720 se refiere a un consorcio microbiano de aplicación foliar que actúa como biof ertili zante y como agente de control biológico . Entre sus principales funciones son la estimulación de crecimiento de la planta, la disminución del estrés ante las fluctuaciones ambientales y el control biológico de f itopatógenos . El consorcio comprende los siguientes géneros de bacterias y hongos: Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces , Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Beijerinckia, Trichoderma y Aspergillus , dentro de las cuales están consideradas las especies Bacillus subtilis , Bacillus azoto formans ; Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus , Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus sphaericus , Bacillus stearothermophilus ; Pseudomonas fluorescens , Pseudomonas putida, Streptomyces avermitilis; Streptomyces noursei; Streptomyces griseus, Azotobacter chroococcum, Azotobacter vinelandii , Azospirillum brasilense; Azospirillum oryzae, Beijerinckia indica; Beijerinckia derxir, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma hamatum; Trichoderma koningii ; Trichoderma reesei y Aspergillus oryzae. Las especies del consorcio pueden ser epífitas o endófitas y actúan en las estructuras aéreas de las plantas. Incluye bacterias fijadoras de nitrógeno (BFN) que garantizan que éste sea fijado cerca de los lugares de asimilación de la planta, por lo que participan en la incorporación del nitrógeno a la materia orgánica. Si bien es cierto que en este documento propone el uso de microorganismos de bacterias y hongos, pero dicho consorcio involucra un gran número de cepas, además no se evidencia que dicho consorcio tenga aplicación industrial, ya que no se especifican cuáles son las cepas involucradas, tampoco se hace evidente la existencia de dichas cepas, por ejemplo, si se encuentra depositadas en alguna oficina reconocida en materia de patentes, etc. The patent document MX/a/2017/014720 refers to a foliar application microbial consortium that acts as a biofertilizer and as a biological control agent. Between Its main functions are the stimulation of plant growth, the reduction of stress in the face of environmental fluctuations and the biological control of phytopathogens. The consortium includes the following genera of bacteria and fungi: Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Beijerinckia, Trichoderma and Aspergillus, within which the species Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus azoto formas are considered; Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus stearothermophilus; Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida, Streptomyces avermitilis; Streptomyces noursei; Streptomyces griseus, Azotobacter chroococcum, Azotobacter vinelandii, Azospirillum brasilense; Azospirillum oryzae, Beijerinckia indica; Beijerinckia derxir, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma hamatum; Trichoderma koningii Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus oryzae. The species of the consortium can be epiphytic or endophytic and act in the aerial structures of plants. It includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria (BFN) that guarantee that nitrogen is fixed near the plant's assimilation sites, which is why they participate in the incorporation of nitrogen into organic matter. Although it is true that this document proposes the use of bacterial and fungal microorganisms, said consortium involves a large number of strains, and it is not evident that said consortium has an industrial application, since the strains involved are not specified. Nor is the existence of said strains evident, for example, if they are deposited in a recognized patent office, etc.
En cuanto al documento de patente CN201710194856A describe un fertilizante bacteriano especial que promueve el crecimiento y resistente a enfermedades para Radix astragali. El fertilizante está elaborado a partir, en peso, de 5-10 partes de microorganismos compuestos, 10-30 partes de materia orgánica botánica, 5-20 partes de materia orgánica de origen animal, 3-10 partes de oligoelementos medianos y 2-10 partes de otros aditivos activos. Mediante el compostaje mixto de fluido microbiano compuesto y materias orgánicas de origen animal y vegetal, los sólidos obtenidos después del compostaje se combinan con los oligoelementos medios y otras sustancias activas para obtener un producto. El fertilizante bacteriano especial que promueve el crecimiento y resistente a las enfermedades tiene las ventajas de que se logra una gran función promotora del crecimiento y una eficacia de resistencia a las enfermedades y daños por insectos, y después de la aplicación del fertilizante, la tasa de aparición de enfermedades y daños por insectos de Radix astragali es evidentemente menor que el de los fertilizantes compuestos comunes, mientras que el rendimiento y la calidad de la mezcla R. astragali son evidentemente superiores a los de los fertilizantes compuestos comunes. Entre los microorganismos propuestos están las cepas probióticas: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus polymyxa , Trichoderma harzianum; cepas fijadoras de N: Azorhizobium tuberculosis, Azospirillum brasiliensis; cepas promotoras de crecimiento: Bacillus polymyxa, Streptomyces marine, Streptomyces avermitilis; y cepas con efecto insecticida: Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria bruce!, Metarhizium anisopliae . En este documento tampoco se especifica cuáles son las cepas de microorganismos a utilizar, tampoco se menciona si fueron aisladas o son cepas comerciales, tampoco se especifica alguna institución depositarla donde se resguardarán dichas cepas. E1 documento de patente EP2019190758A divulga combinaciones de principios activos, en particular una composición fungicida, que comprenden: (A) f luoxapiprolina y (B) al menos, un agente de control biológico y/o (C) al menos, un compuesto seleccionado entre insecticidas, acaricidas y nematicidas. Las composiciones son útiles para controlar especialmente microorganismos dañinos, en particular oomicetos, en la protección de cultivos, para el control de plagas animales y como reguladores del crecimiento de las plantas. Entre los agentes de control biológico, estos pueden ser seleccionados de una gran cantidad de microorganismos, tales como agentes antibacterianos y agentes de control biológico que tienen un efecto para mejorar el crecimiento y/o salud de las plantas; y estos pueden ser del género Bacillus spp . , Pseudomonas spp . , Rizobium spp . , entre otros. Dichos agentes de control biológico ya se encuentran en el estado de la técnica y fueron aislados por terceros. Se puede concluir sobre este documento es que es la combinación de agentes de control biológico con un ingrediente químico y opcionalmente un agente fungicida. Además, las cepas de Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Rizobium spp. que se proponen son aislada en regiones geográficas fuera de nuestro pais o regiones similares. Por lo tanto, no tendrán la misma efectividad de crecimiento, de invasión y fomento al crecimiento vegetal, si fueran utilizadas en regiones geográficas de México. Es por ello el gran interés en aislar, validar las posibles características antagonistas y de fomento del crecimiento vegetal, de cepas bacterianas endófitas en México, para garantizar una alta efectividad de dichas cepas aisladas. Regarding the patent document CN201710194856A, it describes a special bacterial fertilizer that promotes the growth and disease resistance for Radix astragali. The fertilizer is made from, by weight, 5-10 parts of composite microorganisms, 10-30 parts of botanical organic matter, 5-20 parts of organic matter of animal origin, 3-10 parts of medium trace elements and 2-10 parts of other active additives. Through mixed composting of compound microbial fluid and organic materials of animal and plant origin, the solids obtained after composting are combined with the medium trace elements and other active substances to obtain a product. The special growth-promoting and disease-resistant bacterial fertilizer has the advantages that great growth-promoting function and resistance effectiveness to diseases and insect damage are achieved, and after the application of the fertilizer, the rate of occurrence of diseases and insect damage of Radix astragali is obviously lower than that of common compound fertilizers, while the yield and quality of R. astragali mixture are obviously higher than those of common compound fertilizers. Among the proposed microorganisms are the probiotic strains: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum; N-fixing strains: Azorhizobium tuberculosis, Azospirillum brasiliensis; growth promoting strains: Bacillus polymyxa, Streptomyces marine, Streptomyces avermitilis; and strains with an insecticidal effect: Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria bruce!, Metarhizium anisopliae. This document also does not specify which strains of microorganisms to use, nor does it mention whether they were isolated or are commercial strains, nor does it specify any institution to deposit it where said strains will be stored. The patent document EP2019190758A discloses combinations of active ingredients, in particular a fungicidal composition, which comprise: (A) fluoxapiproline and (B) at least one biological control agent and/or (C) at least one compound selected from insecticides, acaricides and nematicides. The compositions are useful for controlling especially harmful microorganisms, in particular oomycetes, in crop protection, for the control of animal pests and as plant growth regulators. Among the biological control agents, these can be selected from a large number of microorganisms, such as antibacterial agents and biological control agents that have an effect to improve the growth and/or health of plants; and these may be of the genus Bacillus spp. , Pseudomonas spp. , Rhizobium spp. , among others. These biological control agents are already in the state of the art and were isolated by third parties. It can be concluded from this document that it is the combination of biological control agents with a chemical ingredient and optionally a fungicide agent. Furthermore, strains of Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Rizobium spp. that are proposed are isolated in geographical regions outside our country or similar regions. Therefore, they will not have the same growth effectiveness, invasion and promotion of plant growth, if they were used in geographic regions of Mexico. This is why there is great interest in isolating and validating the possible antagonistic and plant growth-promoting characteristics of endophytic bacterial strains in Mexico, to guarantee high effectiveness of these isolated strains.
Finalmente, el documento de patente WO2018IB54949A describe mezclas que comprenden un biopesticida y un inhibidor de nitri f icación . Entre los biopesticidas se enlista una gran cantidad de géneros y especies de microorganismos ; y también un amplio rango de inhibidores de nitri f icación, entre los cuales se mencionan los grupos inhibidores de nitri f icación biológicos , químicos sintéticos . El uso de tales mezclas es para aumentar la salud de las plantas y/o proporcione mej ores rendimientos de cultivos y/o una mej or calidad de las plantas o cultivos , y/o muestra una mej or resistencia al estrés , y/o permite la reducción de la cantidad de plaguicidas utili zados , y/o ayuda a evitar el desarrollo de resistencias a dichos plaguicidas . Finally, the patent document WO2018IB54949A describes mixtures that comprise a biopesticide and an inhibitor of nitri fication. A large number of genera and species of microorganisms are listed among biopesticides; and also a wide range of nitrification inhibitors, among which biological and synthetic chemical nitrification inhibitor groups are mentioned. The use of such mixtures is to increase plant health and/or provide better crop yields and/or better quality of plants or crops, and/or show better resistance to stress, and/or allow reducing the amount of pesticides used, and/or helping to avoid the development of resistance to said pesticides.
En todos los documentos citados , sus productos , mezcla, etc . , no son especiales para mej orar la capacidad germinativa del embrión de semillas vegetales . In all the cited documents, their products, mixture, etc. , they are not special to improve the germination capacity of the plant seed embryo.
Con la finalidad de contribuir a solucionar los inconvenientes comprendidos en el estado de la técnica, se han desarrollado mezclas probióticas , bioproductos agrícolas y métodos para mej orar la capacidad germinativa de semillas vegetales , preferentemente aquellas destinadas a la siembra . In order to contribute to solving the drawbacks included in the state of the art, probiotic mixtures, agricultural bioproducts and methods have been developed to improve the germination capacity of vegetable seeds, preferably those intended for sowing.
Los detalles característicos de la presente invención, se muestran claramente en la siguiente descripción detallada que se acompaña meramente con la finalidad de ilustrar la concepción y algunas reali zaciones preferentes de la invención . The characteristic details of the present invention are clearly shown in the following detailed description which is accompanied merely for the purpose of illustrating the conception and some preferred embodiments of the invention.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Un primer obj eto de presente invención es una mezcla probiótica 1 , que comprende : i) una cepa aislada de Trichoderma harzianum, la cual es la cepa ARS TH-19 depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB174; ii) una cepa aislada de Bacillus subtilis la cual es la cepa ARS BS-19 depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB175; y iii) una cepa aislada de Azospirillum brasilense, la cual es la cepa ARS AB-19, depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB176. A first object of the present invention is a probiotic mixture 1, which comprises: i) an isolated strain of Trichoderma harzianum, which is the ARS TH-19 strain deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB174; ii) an isolated strain of Bacillus subtilis which is the ARS BS-19 strain deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB175; and iii) an isolated strain of Azospirillum brasilense, which is the ARS AB-19 strain, deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB176.
Donde una realización de la mezcla probiótica de la presente invención, es cuando las cepas están en una relación 1:1:1. Where one embodiment of the probiotic mixture of the present invention is when the strains are in a 1:1:1 ratio.
Un segundo objeto de la presente invención es una mezcla probiótica 2, la cual es la misma mezcla probiótica 1, pero además comprende: i) una cepa aislada de Metarhizium anisopliae (RVP MA- 20) ; la cual es la cepa RVP MA-20, depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB195; y ii) una cepa aislada de Beauveria bassiana, la cual es la cepa RVP BB-20, depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB196. A second object of the present invention is a probiotic mixture 2, which is the same probiotic mixture 1, but also comprises: i) an isolated strain of Metarhizium anisopliae (RVP MA-20); which is the RVP MA-20 strain, deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB195; and ii) an isolated strain of Beauveria bassiana, which is the RVP BB-20 strain, deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB196.
Donde cada cepa está presente en la mezcla probiótica 2, en una cantidad de un 5.8%. Where each strain is present in probiotic mixture 2, in an amount of 5.8%.
Un tercer objeto de esta invención, es una mezcla probiótica 3, la cual es la misma mezcla probiótica 2, pero además comprende, una cepa aislada de Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis, la cual es la cepa RVP BTI-20, depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB193. Donde dicha cepa aislada está presente en una cantidad de un 29.1%. Un cuarto obj eto de la presente invención es un bioproducto agrícola para aumentar y conservar por mayor tiempo la capacidad germinativa del embrión de semillas vegetales , donde dicho bioproducto comprende , a la mezcla probiótica 1 de conformidad con esta invención . A third object of this invention is a probiotic mixture 3, which is the same probiotic mixture 2, but also comprises an isolated strain of Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis, which is the RVP BTI-20 strain, deposited with the number of tank CM-CNRG TB193. Where said isolated strain is present in an amount of 29.1%. A fourth object of the present invention is an agricultural bioproduct to increase and preserve for a longer time the germination capacity of the embryo of plant seeds, where said bioproduct comprises the probiotic mixture 1 in accordance with this invention.
Siendo una reali zación del bioproducto de la presente invención, cuando las semillas vegetales son de plantas de la familia Poaceae . Being an embodiment of the bioproduct of the present invention, when the plant seeds are from plants of the Poaceae family.
Un quinto obj eto de esta invención, es un bioproducto agrícola para aumentar la producción de área foliar efectiva en plántulas vegetales , el cual contiene a la mezcla probiótica 2 descrita en esta invención . Una reali zación de es bioproducto es cuando las semillas vegetales son de plantas de la familia Poaceae . A fifth object of this invention is an agricultural bioproduct to increase the production of effective leaf area in vegetable seedlings, which contains the probiotic mixture 2 described in this invention. One embodiment of this bioproduct is when the plant seeds are from plants of the Poaceae family.
Un sexto obj eto de la presente invención es un bioproducto agrícola para aumentar la velocidad de emergencia de semillas vegetales , el cual comprende a la mezcla probiótica 3 de conformidad con la presente invención . Siendo también una reali zación preferente de dicho bioproducto agrícola, cuando las semillas vegetales son de plantas de la familia Poaceae . A sixth object of the present invention is an agricultural bioproduct to increase the speed of emergence of vegetable seeds, which comprises the probiotic mixture 3 in accordance with the present invention. It is also a preferred embodiment of said agricultural bioproduct, when the plant seeds are from plants of the Poaceae family.
Un séptimo obj eto de la invención en cuestión, es un método para aumentar y conservar por mayor tiempo , la capacidad germinativa del embrión de semillas vegetales , que comprende , aplicar una cantidad efectiva del bioproducto agrícola para aumentar y conservar por mayor tiempo , la capacidad germinativa del embrión de semillas vegetales , a semillas y/o granos vegetales destinados para la siembra . Una reali zación de este método es cuando la cantidad efectiva del bioproducto agrícola es de 1 mL por 1 Kg de semillas y/o granos ; y tales semillas y/o granos vegetales son de plantas de la familia Poaceae . A seventh object of the invention in question is a method to increase and conserve for a longer time, the germination capacity of the embryo of plant seeds, which comprises, applying an effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct to increase and conserve for a longer time, the capacity germinative of the embryo of vegetable seeds, to seeds and/or vegetable grains intended for sowing. An embodiment of this method is when the effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct is 1 mL per 1 Kg of seeds and/or grains; and such plant seeds and/or grains are from plants of the Poaceae family.
La presente invención también tiene como octavo obj eto un método para aumentar la producción de área foliar efectiva en plántulas vegetales , que comprende aplicar una cantidad efectiva del bioproducto útil para aumentar la producción de área foliar efectiva en plántulas vegetales , a semillas y/o granos vegetales destinados para la siembra . Donde la cantidad efectiva del bioproducto agrícola es de 1 mL por 1 Kg de semillas y/o granos ; y donde las semillas y/o granos vegetales son de plantas de la familia Poaceae, preferentemente . The present invention also has as its eighth object a method to increase the production of effective leaf area in plant seedlings, which comprises applying an effective amount of the bioproduct useful to increase the production of effective leaf area in plant seedlings, to seeds and/or grains. vegetables intended for planting. Where the effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct is 1 mL per 1 kg of seeds and/or grains; and where the seeds and/or vegetable grains are from plants of the Poaceae family, preferably.
Esta invención también tiene un noveno obj eto , el cual es un método para aumentar la velocidad de emergencia en semillas vegetales , que comprende aplicar una cantidad efectiva del bioproducto para aumentar la velocidad de emergencia en semillas vegetales , a semillas y/o granos vegetales destinados para la siembra . Siendo la cantidad efectiva del bioproducto agrícola es de 1 mL por 1 Kg de semillas y/o granos ; y las semillas y/o granos vegetales son de plantas de la familia Poaceae . This invention also has a ninth object, which is a method to increase the speed of emergence in vegetable seeds, which comprises applying an effective amount of the bioproduct to increase the speed of emergence in vegetable seeds, to seeds and/or vegetable grains destined for planting. The effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct is 1 mL per 1 kg of seeds and/or grains; and the plant seeds and/or grains are from plants of the Poaceae family.
LITERATURA CITADA LITERATURE CITED
Castillo-Tovar , H . 2015 . El tratamiento de semilla para la siembra de mai z en P-V . Boletín electrónico Año 1 , No . 14 . Campo Experimental , Centro de InvestigaciónCastillo-Tovar, H. 2015. Seed treatment for sowing corn in P-V. Electronic newsletter Year 1, No. 14. Experimental Field, Research Center
Regional del Noreste , INI FAP . Páginas 2 . Northeast Regional, INI FAP. Pages 2.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES Una mezcla probiótica, caracterizada porque comprende: i) una cepa aislada de Trichoderma harzianum, la cual es la cepa ARS TH-19 depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB174; ii) una cepa aislada de Bacillus subtilis la cual es la cepa ARS BS-19 depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB175; y iii) una cepa aislada de Azospirillum brasilense, la cual es la cepa ARS AB-19, depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB176. La mezcla de la reivindicación anterior, las cepas están en una relación 1:1:1. La mezcla de la reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque además comprende: i) una cepa aislada de Metarhizium anisopliae (RVP MA- 20) ; la cual es la cepa RVP MA-20, depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB195; y ii) una cepa aislada de Beauveria bassiana, la cual es la cepa RVP BB-20, depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB196. La mezcla según la reivindicación anterior, donde cada una de las cepas están en una cantidad de 5.8%. La mezcla de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque además comprende, una cepa aislada de Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis, la cual es la cepa RVP BTI-20 , depositada con el número de depósito CM-CNRG TB193 . La mezcla de la reivindicación precedente , donde la cepa aislada está en una cantidad de un 29 . 1 % . Un bioproducto agrícola para aumentar y conservar por mayor tiempo la capacidad germinativa del embrión de semillas vegetales , caracteri zado porque comprende , una mezcla probiótica de conformidad con las reivindicaciones 1 y 2 . El bioproducto de la reivindicación anterior, donde las semillas vegetales son de plantas de la familia de la Poaceae . Un bioproducto agrícola para aumentar la producción de área foliar efectiva en plántulas vegetales , caracteri zado porque comprende , una mezcla probiótica de conformidad con las reivindicaciones 3 y 4 . El bioproducto de la reivindicación anterior, donde las semillas vegetales son de plantas de la familia de la Poaceae . Un bioproducto agrícola para aumentar la velocidad de emergencia de semillas vegetales , caracteri zado porque comprende , una mezcla probiótica de conformidad con las reivindicaciones 5 y 6 . El bioproducto de la reivindicación anterior, donde las semillas vegetales son de plantas de la familia Poaceae . CLAIMS A probiotic mixture, characterized in that it comprises: i) an isolated strain of Trichoderma harzianum, which is the ARS TH-19 strain deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB174; ii) an isolated strain of Bacillus subtilis which is the ARS BS-19 strain deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB175; and iii) an isolated strain of Azospirillum brasilense, which is the ARS AB-19 strain, deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB176. In the mixture of the previous claim, the strains are in a 1:1:1 ratio. The mixture of claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises: i) an isolated strain of Metarhizium anisopliae (RVP MA-20); which is the RVP MA-20 strain, deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB195; and ii) an isolated strain of Beauveria bassiana, which is the RVP BB-20 strain, deposited with the deposit number CM-CNRG TB196. The mixture according to the previous claim, where each of the strains are in an amount of 5.8%. The mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises, an isolated strain of Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis, which is the strain RVP BTI-20, deposited under deposit number CM-CNRG TB193. The mixture of the preceding claim, wherein the isolated strain is in an amount of 29. 1 % . An agricultural bioproduct to increase and conserve for a longer time the germination capacity of the embryo of plant seeds, characterized in that it comprises a probiotic mixture in accordance with claims 1 and 2. The bioproduct of the previous claim, where the plant seeds are from plants of the Poaceae family. An agricultural bioproduct to increase the production of effective leaf area in vegetable seedlings, characterized in that it comprises a probiotic mixture in accordance with claims 3 and 4. The bioproduct of the previous claim, where the plant seeds are from plants of the Poaceae family. An agricultural bioproduct to increase the speed of emergence of vegetable seeds, characterized in that it comprises a probiotic mixture according to claims 5 and 6. The bioproduct of the previous claim, where the plant seeds are from plants of the Poaceae family.
13 . Un método para aumentar y conservar por mayor tiempo , la capacidad germinativa del embrión de semillas vegetales , caracteri zado porque comprende , aplicar una cantidad efectiva del bioproducto agrícola de la reivindicación 7 , a semillas y/o granos vegetales destinados para la siembra . 13. A method to increase and conserve for a longer time, the germination capacity of the embryo of vegetable seeds, characterized in that it comprises, applying an effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct of claim 7, to seeds and/or vegetable grains intended for sowing.
14 . El método de la reivindicación anterior, donde la cantidad efectiva del bioproducto agrícola es de 1 mL por 1 Kg de semillas y/o granos . 14. The method of the previous claim, where the effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct is 1 mL per 1 Kg of seeds and/or grains.
15 . El método según la reivindicación 13 , donde las semillas y/o granos vegetales son de plantas de la familia Poaceae . fifteen . The method according to claim 13, wherein the seeds and/or vegetable grains are from plants of the Poaceae family.
16 . Un método para aumentar la producción de área foliar efectiva en plántulas vegetales , caracteri zado porque comprende aplicar una cantidad efectiva del bioproducto de conformidad con la reivindicación 9 , a semillas y/o granos vegetales destinados para la siembra . 16. A method for increasing the production of effective leaf area in vegetable seedlings, characterized in that it comprises applying an effective amount of the bioproduct in accordance with claim 9, to seeds and/or vegetable grains intended for sowing.
17 . El método de la reivindicación anterior, donde la cantidad efectiva del bioproducto agrícola es de 1 mL por 1 Kg de semillas y/o granos . 17. The method of the previous claim, where the effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct is 1 mL per 1 Kg of seeds and/or grains.
18 . El método según la reivindicación 16 , donde las semillas y/o granos vegetales son de plantas de la familia Poaceae . 18. The method according to claim 16, wherein the seeds and/or vegetable grains are from plants of the Poaceae family.
19 . Un método para aumentar la velocidad de emergencia en semillas vegetales , caracteri zado porque comprende aplicar una cantidad efectiva del bioproducto de conformidad con la reivindicación 11 , a semillas y/o granos vegetales destinados para la siembra . El método de la reivindicación anterior, donde la cantidad efectiva del bioproducto agrícola es de 1 mL por 1 Kg de semillas y/o granos . El método según la reivindicación 19 , donde las semillas y/o granos vegetales son de plantas de la familia Poaceae . 19. A method to increase the speed of emergence in vegetable seeds, characterized in that it comprises applying an effective amount of the bioproduct of in accordance with claim 11, to seeds and/or vegetable grains intended for sowing. The method of the previous claim, where the effective amount of the agricultural bioproduct is 1 mL per 1 Kg of seeds and/or grains. The method according to claim 19, wherein the seeds and/or vegetable grains are from plants of the Poaceae family.
PCT/MX2023/050017 2022-05-09 2023-03-01 Probiotic mixtures, agricultural bioproducts and methods, for improving germinative capacity in vegetable seeds for planting WO2023219484A1 (en)

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