WO2023217319A1 - Condensation plant - Google Patents
Condensation plant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023217319A1 WO2023217319A1 PCT/DE2023/100331 DE2023100331W WO2023217319A1 WO 2023217319 A1 WO2023217319 A1 WO 2023217319A1 DE 2023100331 W DE2023100331 W DE 2023100331W WO 2023217319 A1 WO2023217319 A1 WO 2023217319A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air chamber
- tube bundles
- condensation system
- lines
- distance
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 64
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B7/00—Combinations of two or more condensers, e.g. provision of reserve condenser
Definitions
- the invention relates to a condensation system according to the features of patent claim 1.
- Air-cooled heat exchangers are used to cool fluids using ambient air in various processes in the chemical, petrochemical and power generation industries.
- the heat exchangers essentially consist of heat exchanger tubes, which are provided with ribs on the outside to improve heat transfer.
- the transfer of heat to the cooling medium air using heat exchangers through conduction and convection is often referred to as dry cooling.
- the heat exchanger tubes of air-cooled heat exchangers are welded on Tube sheets are combined into so-called tube bundles.
- a tube bundle can have one or more parallel rows of heat exchanger tubes.
- the steam to be cooled is fed to the heat exchanger tubes with the help of steam distribution lines, which are arranged on upper tube sheets.
- the draining of the condensate and the distribution of steam that has not yet condensed takes place via condensate collectors, which are arranged on the lower tube sheets.
- the cooling medium air is conveyed through the heat exchanger bundle with the help of suction or pressure fans.
- the fans are located in a pressurized arrangement below heat exchanger bundles arranged in the shape of a roof.
- the roof-shaped heat exchanger bundles with the fans are supported by a supporting structure.
- the fans are supported by a fan bridge.
- the inverted design is called V-shape.
- designs in which vertically arranged bundles are arranged at a distance from one another and delimit an air chamber with a polygonal horizontal cross section.
- the V-shaped arrangement of the bundles enables a slightly lower construction and also allows several bundles to be arranged in rows.
- the disadvantage of the A-shape is that the fans have to be mounted relatively high. The effort involved in supporting the fans at greater heights also requires a correspondingly complex substructure. The required floor space is the same as with the A-shape.
- the vertical arrangement of the tube bundles has the disadvantage compared to tube bundles that are inclined by approximately 30° (A-shape or V-shaped) that the condensate flowing downwards when the tube bundle is switched in a dephlegmatic manner, ie when the tube bundle is closed condensing steam flows from bottom to top against the direction of flow of the condensate, blocking the steam flow more easily.
- the flow rate and the amount of condensable steam are therefore limited within the dephlegmatic tube bundles.
- inclined tube bundles such as the A or V shape
- the condensate collects in the lower area of the tube due to gravity. Flooding of individual pipes occurs much less frequently, so that even a dephlegmatically operated pipe bundle can be operated with higher steam velocities.
- the condensation performance is higher in dephlegmatic operation with inclined tube bundles. Since tube bundles are usually combined with each other in condensing and dephlegmatory operation, the limiting factor is the dephlegmatory tube bundle.
- the invention is based on the object of demonstrating a condensation system which enables high condensation performance and at the same time can be constructed cost-effectively.
- the condensation system according to the invention has upwardly directed tube bundles for condensing steam.
- Upward direction means that tubes of the tube bundle run from bottom to top.
- the steam flows from top to bottom.
- the condensation system has an air chamber that widens towards the top.
- upwards is to be understood in the sense of against the earth's gravity.
- a “vertical” in the sense of the invention runs from top to bottom in accordance with the earth's gravity.
- the “width” is measured perpendicular to the vertical, i.e. in the horizontal direction.
- the air chamber has a trapezoidal cross-section with a wider top and a narrower bottom and with two long sides that are inclined relative to the vertical, the long sides being formed by the tube bundles.
- the front sides are impermeable to cooling air.
- the cooling air is sucked in through the tube bundles, so that cooling air flows around the outside of the tubes of the tube bundles.
- the top of the air chamber has an outlet opening.
- the upwardly directed tube bundles have heat exchanger tubes which are connected with their upper ends to steam distribution lines and with their lower ends to condensate collection lines, with one of the steam distribution lines and one of the condensate collection lines being arranged on each of the two long sides. According to the invention it is provided that the upwardly directed tube bundles are each at an angle in a range of 12 to 18° to a vertical.
- the steam distribution lines at the upper ends of the pipes run at a first horizontal distance from one another and the condensate collection lines run at a smaller second horizontal distance from one another.
- the steam distribution lines run horizontally and the condensate collection lines run horizontally, whereby a slight gradient for the condensate drain is still to be understood as a horizontal course.
- the tube bundles are horizontally spaced in the area of their lower ends, ie in the height range of the condensate collection lines, so that the air chamber does not have a triangular or V shape in cross section, but a trapezoidal shape that tapers downwards.
- the distance between the tube bundles in the lower height area of the air chamber is at least one third of the distance in the upper area of the tube bundles. The distances refer to the center of the tube sheet of the tube bundle. All tube bundles have the same top spacing and the same bottom spacing.
- the upwardly directed tube bundles are preferably at an angle of 15° to the vertical or at an angle of 75° to a horizontal plane.
- the fans are arranged horizontally, so that the angle information can also be based on a horizontal top of the air chamber.
- the air chamber with a trapezoidal cross-section allows for a relatively low design.
- the lower distance between the tube bundles is chosen to be so large that one base area has a sufficient width that the condensation system can stand securely, with a support structure that only has to extend from the floor to the underside.
- the installation area for the condensation system according to the invention is significantly smaller than in systems with vertical bundles, in which the smallest distance between the vertical bundles and thus the width of the base areas is limited by the diameter of the fan, which is located between two vertical bundles.
- the condensation system according to the invention uses an angle of preferably 15° to the vertical or 75° to the horizontal for the tube bundles on both sides, because this angle achieves comparably low pressure losses in the cooling air flowing through, as with vertical installation of the tube bundles, but does not have the disadvantages of easy flooding in dephlegmatic conditions operation entails.
- the inclination in an angular range of approx. 15°+/-3°, in particular 15°+/-1° improves condensate drainage even in dephlegmatic tube bundles and therefore enables larger flow rates of condensate and steam. Such a condensation system is therefore very efficient and requires less material.
- the condensation system according to the invention is intended in particular for the condensation of steam, in particular for the condensation of water vapor, with fans with diameters of preferably 24 to 32 feet being able to be used. Accordingly, the upper distance between the tube bundles in the area of the steam distribution lines is preferably approximately 9,000 to 12,000 mm.
- a further advantage of the invention is that the air chamber can be formed in a modular design by several air chamber modules.
- Each air chamber module is equipped with a fan.
- the individual air chamber modules are connected to each other at their front sides.
- the horizontal steam distribution lines and the horizontal condensate collection lines of the air chamber modules are also connected to one another, so that a series of individual air chamber modules standing linearly one behind the other forms an extended and extendable air chamber.
- Adjacent end faces of the individual air chamber modules are usually closed and separated by a trapezoidal partition. If all fans are always operated at the same speed, the partition walls can be omitted. However, if a fan is defective, the outlet opening of the defective fan would have to be sealed airtight so that no air is sucked into the corresponding air chamber module by the other fans through the outlet opening or into the air chamber bypassing the tube bundles.
- Each of the fans is located in a fan ring that forms and limits the exit openings in the top.
- the fan ring is preferably arranged between the steam distribution lines so that the overall height of the condensation system remains low on the one hand and, on the other hand, a maximum outlet opening for the cooling air is created. The lower the height, the smaller construction machines, especially cranes, are required to build such condensation systems.
- each air chamber module is essentially square in the height range of the steam distribution lines. Due to the inclination of the tube bundles, the cross section in the area of the condensate collection pipes arranged below is rectangular.
- the condensation system can be arranged on a frame structure. This is particularly advantageous if the condensation system is installed at ground level, i.e. not on a building.
- the installation on the framework then enables the geodetic emptying of the condensate collectors into a condensate collection tank, which can be arranged under the framework.
- a required inlet height is achieved to at least one condensate pump, which is arranged under the condensate collection tank.
- the support structure may be completely dispensed with.
- the condensation system is arranged on a frame, the space delimited by the frame and/or the frame itself are preferably located completely below the underside of the air chamber.
- the term “below” is to be understood as meaning that the surface of the underside is projected onto the floor on which the condensation system is mounted.
- the base area defined in this way has a width that is therefore smaller than the distance between the steam distribution lines.
- the width of the base area of the condensation system can essentially correspond to the width in the height range of the condensate collection lines.
- the condensate collection lines connect laterally to the underside of the air chamber and protrude slightly beyond the underside of the air chamber on both sides.
- tube bundles with a length range of 7,000 mm to 11,000 mm are preferably used, the length being measured from an upper tube end to a lower tube end.
- the condensation system according to the invention significantly achieves the goal of being able to set up condensation systems on smaller installation areas, or of creating systems with smaller footprints.
- the reduction of the installation space can be up to 50%.
- the amount of steel construction required to set up a condensation system is reduced by around 30% by weight compared to A- or V-shaped tube bundle arrangements.
- the inclination of the tube bundles by approx. 15° limits the risk of flooding in the dephlegmatically operated tube bundles.
- the condensation system according to the invention therefore solves the problem according to the invention of reducing costs and improving the condensation performance in a particularly advantageous manner.
- Figure 1 shows a condensation system connected to a turbine
- Figure 2 shows a condensation system in a side view
- Figure 3 shows a condensation system in a top view
- Figure 4 further embodiments of condensation systems in one
- Figure 5 is a perspective view of a condensation system.
- Figure 1 shows a condensation system 1 for condensing steam 2, which is supplied to the condensation system 1 as exhaust steam from a power plant arrangement.
- the steam 2 is condensed in the condensation system 1.
- the condensate 3 is collected in a condensate collection tank 33 and from there fed to an evaporator 4 in a closed circuit by means of condensate pumps 34.
- the superheated steam 5 from the evaporator flows into a turbine 6, which drives a generator 7.
- the steam 2 from the turbine is in turn fed to the condensation system 1.
- This circuit is merely an example of a possible application for using such a condensation system 1.
- the condensation system 1 of Figure 1 is shown in a very simplified vertical cross section.
- the steam 2 flows into steam distribution lines 8, 9 arranged at the top, which are connected to upper tube sheets of rectangular tube bundles 10, 11.
- the steam 2 flows through the tubes of the tube bundles 10, 11 from top to bottom in the direction of lower condensate collection lines 12, 13, which are connected to lower tube sheets of the tube bundles 10, 11, the condensate 3 being collected in the condensate collection lines 12, 13 and again is supplied to the power plant arrangement.
- the tube bundles 10, 11 are inclined by 15° relative to a vertical V.
- the vertical is the central longitudinal plane of the trapezoidal condensation system 1.
- the tube bundles 10, 11 delimit an air chamber 14 between them, which tapers downwards on both sides and in relation to the central longitudinal plane.
- the condensate collection lines 12, 13 are spaced apart in the horizontal direction. They run horizontally, just like the steam distribution lines 8, 9.
- the air chamber 14 is closed by an underside 15 between the condensate collection lines 12, 13. Cooling air 16 can only enter the air chamber 14 in the direction of the arrows shown and is conveyed out of the air chamber 14 on an upper side 17 by a fan 18 (FIG. 3), which is arranged in a fan ring 19. Heated cooling air flows upwards in the direction of the upward pointing arrow.
- An essential element of the condensation system according to the invention is the trapezoidal, downwardly tapering air chamber 14 with its side walls 27, which are arranged mirror-symmetrically to the central longitudinal plane in the middle of the condensation system.
- the trapezoidal shape is limited at the bottom by the bottom 15 and at the top by the top 17, which runs parallel to the bottom 15.
- Figure 2 shows such a condensation system 1 in a side view and partly in section.
- a motor 20 and a gear 21 can be seen in the area of the underside 15.
- a shaft 22 leads vertically upwards from the gear 21 and drives the fan 18. The maintenance of the fan 18 is therefore easier than with a drive that is arranged above the heat exchanger bundle.
- the term “fan” primarily refers to an axial fan, denoted by a hub and attached fan blades that promote airflow.
- the fan drive consisting of motor 20 and gear 21 is located within the air chamber 14.
- the upwardly directed tube bundles 10, 11 stand with their lower ends on the condensate manifolds 12, 13.
- the condensate manifolds 12, 13 have feet 35 which stand on main longitudinal beams 36 of a frame structure 23. Between a lower edge 37 of the condensate collection lines 12, 13 and the main longitudinal members 36, the gap is sealed airtight by locking plates 38.
- the two main longitudinal beams 36 are connected to one another via cross beams. The entire level between the main longitudinal beams 36 is sealed airtight via a base plate.
- the transmission 21 and the motor 20 are arranged above this level. So that the transmission 21 and the engine 20 are supplied with cold air for cooling, it is planned to arrange a hood over the engine 20 and the transmission 21 and to remove the floor plate below the engine 20 and the transmission 21. Cold ambient air can cool the engine 20 and the transmission and then be sucked into the air chamber 14 via openings in the hood.
- Figures 1 and 2 show a frame structure 23 which is located below the underside 15 of the condensation system 1.
- Three supports 24, 25, 26 can be seen in the side view of Figure 2.
- the middle support 25 is arranged in the length range of the vertical V. The load path from the fan to the middle support is particularly short. Further supports 24, 26 are arranged at the ends. There are three supports on each long side 27, which can be stabilized by additional struts (Figure 5).
- Figure 3 shows a distance A1 as a horizontal distance between the upper ends of the tube bundles 10, 11 and a second distance A2 between the lower ends of the tube bundles 10, 11 at the level of the associated condensate collection lines 12, 13.
- the distances A1, A2 are between the respective upper and lower ones Tube sheets of the tube bundles 10, 11 are measured.
- the distances A1, A2 are identical between all tube bundles 10, 11.
- the second distance A2 is at least a third of the first distance A1, so that the lower ends of the tube bundles 10, 11 and the condensate collection lines 12, 13 are always arranged at a relatively large distance from one another, due to the slight inclination of the tube bundles in an angular range of 15 °+/-1°. If the angle were approximately twice as large, the condensate collection lines would be directly next to each other as in a V arrangement, but supports would then have to be provided up to the steamer sub-lines so that the condensation system is adequately supported along the length. That is not necessary here. Self-supporting tube bundles are used.
- Figure 2 shows a condensation system 1 with all the features necessary for operation.
- the design of Figure 2 can serve as a single module, which is extended by further identical air chamber modules.
- Figure 4 shows several such air chamber modules, which are connected in series in a linear design and form a common condensation system 1.
- the steam distribution lines 9 and condensate collection lines 13 of the air chamber modules 28 have been connected to one another. Designs with two, three, four or even more individual air chamber modules 28 are possible.
- Several rows directly next to each other, as with A or V Lukos, are not planned because the intake space for the cooling air between the steeper tube bundles 10,11 is significantly smaller.
- the condensation system according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for applications in which a lower condensation output is sufficient.
- FIG. 5 shows another condensation system 1.
- the stand structure 23 has additional diagonal struts 29, which are attached to the supports 24, 25, 26 in the lower area and run obliquely upwards to the underside of the air chamber.
- the air chamber inside can be entered via a maintenance access 31 the size of a room door into an otherwise closed end face 30.
- the second air chamber module 28 in perspective of a total of four identical air chamber modules 28 has one or more dephlegmatically connected tube bundles 11.
- each of the 2 to 4 or more air chamber modules in a row has an identical number of dephlegmatically connected raw bundles at the identical location.
- Each air chamber module preferably has a proportion of approximately 16% to approximately 20% dephlegmatory tubes or tube bundles. This has the advantage that the diameter of the condensate collecting pipes through which the steam flows into these pipes or this pipe bundle can be kept small.
- the condensation system 1 has a length L2 measured in the longitudinal direction of the steam distribution lines 9, 10, which run horizontally in the area of the upper tube sheets, which is a multiple of the length L1 of an individual air chamber module ( Figure 2).
- the base area G which is occupied by the stand frame 23, has a width B1.
- the width B1 of the base area G corresponds to the width B2 of the condensation system 1 in the height range of the condensate collecting lines 12, 13 arranged below and running horizontally in the area of the lower tube sheets.
- the distance A1 in the height range of the steam distribution lines 8, 9 is approximately twice as large.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202380014133.1A CN118140106A (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-05-08 | Condensing equipment |
EP23726456.9A EP4384766B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-05-08 | Condensation plant |
KR1020247017293A KR20240093909A (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-05-08 | condensing plant |
AU2023266966A AU2023266966A1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-05-08 | Condensation plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102022111503.8 | 2022-05-09 | ||
DE102022111503.8A DE102022111503A1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-05-09 | Condensation system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023217319A1 true WO2023217319A1 (en) | 2023-11-16 |
Family
ID=86604606
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2023/100331 WO2023217319A1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-05-08 | Condensation plant |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4384766B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20240093909A (en) |
CN (1) | CN118140106A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2023266966A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102022111503A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2023217319A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1901019A2 (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-19 | Lu-Ve S.P.A. | Bearing construction for high power liquid condensers and coolers |
DE102018101344A1 (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-02 | Hamon Thermal Europe S.A. | Cooling unit, plant and process |
US20200318909A1 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-10-08 | Holtec International | Air-cooled condenser system |
WO2021178802A1 (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-10 | Holtec International | Induced draft air-cooled condenser system |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR102014023072B1 (en) | 2014-09-13 | 2020-12-01 | Citrotec Indústria E Comércio Ltda | vacuum condensing system using evaporative condenser and air removal system coupled to thermoelectric condensation turbines |
-
2022
- 2022-05-09 DE DE102022111503.8A patent/DE102022111503A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-05-08 KR KR1020247017293A patent/KR20240093909A/en unknown
- 2023-05-08 CN CN202380014133.1A patent/CN118140106A/en active Pending
- 2023-05-08 EP EP23726456.9A patent/EP4384766B1/en active Active
- 2023-05-08 WO PCT/DE2023/100331 patent/WO2023217319A1/en active Application Filing
- 2023-05-08 AU AU2023266966A patent/AU2023266966A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1901019A2 (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-19 | Lu-Ve S.P.A. | Bearing construction for high power liquid condensers and coolers |
US20200318909A1 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-10-08 | Holtec International | Air-cooled condenser system |
DE102018101344A1 (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-02 | Hamon Thermal Europe S.A. | Cooling unit, plant and process |
WO2021178802A1 (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-10 | Holtec International | Induced draft air-cooled condenser system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102022111503A1 (en) | 2023-11-09 |
EP4384766B1 (en) | 2024-09-04 |
EP4384766A1 (en) | 2024-06-19 |
KR20240093909A (en) | 2024-06-24 |
CN118140106A (en) | 2024-06-04 |
AU2023266966A1 (en) | 2024-04-11 |
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