WO2023217099A1 - 快换连接器及具有该快换连接器的车辆 - Google Patents

快换连接器及具有该快换连接器的车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023217099A1
WO2023217099A1 PCT/CN2023/092860 CN2023092860W WO2023217099A1 WO 2023217099 A1 WO2023217099 A1 WO 2023217099A1 CN 2023092860 W CN2023092860 W CN 2023092860W WO 2023217099 A1 WO2023217099 A1 WO 2023217099A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grounding
quick
positioning pin
positioning hole
change connector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/092860
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹宇
Original Assignee
蔚来电池科技(安徽)有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来电池科技(安徽)有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来电池科技(安徽)有限公司
Publication of WO2023217099A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023217099A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/627—Snap or like fastening
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding  
    • H01R13/652—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding   with earth pin, blade or socket
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/66—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure with pins, blades or analogous contacts and secured to apparatus or structure, e.g. to a wall
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/76—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure with sockets, clips or analogous contacts and secured to apparatus or structure, e.g. to a wall

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and specifically provides a quick-change connector and a vehicle having the quick-change connector.
  • the battery replacement mode of electric vehicles has many advantages and has developed into an important energy supply mode for electric vehicles.
  • the battery swap mode the battery and the car body are connected through a quick-change connector.
  • the socket end of the connector is installed on the battery, and the plug end of the connector is installed on the car body.
  • the plug end of the connector is installed on the car body.
  • the socket end of the quick-change connector is provided with two positioning pins and a grounding pole.
  • the grounding pole is used to achieve equal potential between the socket and the plug of the quick-change connector, and the positioning pin only serves to position the connector. Due to its fixed function, this structural design takes up interface space, making the connector bulky and heavy.
  • this field needs a new quick-change connector and a vehicle equipped with the quick-change connector to solve the problems of large size and heavy weight of existing quick-change connectors with equipotential connection functions.
  • the present invention aims to solve the above technical problems at least to a certain extent, that is, to solve the problems of large volume and heavy weight of existing quick-change connectors with equipotential connection functions.
  • the present invention provides a quick-change connector, characterized in that the quick-change connector includes a socket, the socket is provided with a grounding positioning pin, and the outer surface of the grounding positioning pin There is a ring-shaped first grounding structure connected to the circumference; a plug, the plug is provided with a grounding positioning hole, a second grounding structure is connected to the grounding positioning hole, and the grounding positioning pin can be inserted into the grounding positioning hole. Positioning is performed, and after the ground positioning pin is inserted into the ground positioning hole, the first ground structure is in contact with the second ground structure.
  • the second ground structure is a contact spring.
  • the contact spring is connected to the ground positioning hole with an interference fit.
  • annular protrusion is formed on the inner wall of the ground positioning hole, and an annular groove is formed on the outer wall of the contact spring.
  • the annular protrusion can be adapted to fit into the in the annular groove; and/or a first annular boss is formed on the inner wall of the ground positioning hole, and the bottom end of the contact spring is mounted on the first annular boss.
  • the quick-change connector further includes an annular stopper, the annular stopper is detachably sleeved on the outer periphery of the grounding positioning pin, and the grounding positioning pin A second annular boss is formed on the outer wall, and the first grounding structure is clamped between the second annular boss and the annular stopper.
  • the outer ring of the first grounding structure contacts the inner ring of the second grounding structure.
  • the first ground structure and the second ground structure are made of the same material.
  • the socket is further provided with a positioning pin
  • the plug is also provided with a positioning hole, and the positioning pin can be inserted into the positioning hole for positioning.
  • the socket is provided with an annular chamber wall, and the positioning pin and the grounding positioning pin are provided on the inside of the annular chamber wall, and the positioning pin is inserted into the After the grounding positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole, an electrical connection cavity is formed between the socket, the annular chamber wall and the plug.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle, which includes the quick-change connector described in any of the above embodiments, and the vehicle further includes a battery and a body, wherein the socket is connected to the battery, The plug is connected to the vehicle body.
  • the quick-change connector of the present invention includes a socket and a plug.
  • the socket is provided with a grounding locating pin.
  • the outer periphery of the grounding locating pin is sleeved with an annular first grounding structure.
  • the plug is provided with a grounding pin.
  • the grounding positioning hole is connected with a second grounding structure. The grounding positioning pin can be inserted into the grounding positioning hole for positioning. After the grounding positioning pin is inserted into the grounding positioning hole, the first grounding structure is in contact with the second grounding structure.
  • the ground positioning pin When the socket and plug of the quick-change connector are mated, the ground positioning pin will be inserted into the ground positioning hole, so that the contact spring and the contact ring are in contact with each other. The connection and positioning of the socket and the plug of the connector are changed. On the other hand, the equal potential of the socket and the plug is achieved through the contact between the contact ring and the contact spring.
  • the second grounding structure is built into the grounding positioning hole, and the first grounding structure is sleeved on the outer periphery of the grounding positioning pin, so that after the grounding positioning pin is inserted into the grounding positioning hole, this
  • the grounding structure is built into the ground positioning hole, which can improve the overall interface layout of the existing quick-change connector, save the interface space of the quick-change connector, make the quick-change connector smaller, reduce the number of parts, and reduce the number of quick-change connectors. Reduce the weight of the connector, save material usage, and thus save costs. In addition, it can also ensure a stable contact relationship between grounding structures and avoid poor contact caused by gaps.
  • the first grounding structure of the present invention is integrated on the grounding positioning pin, and the second grounding structure is internally connected in the grounding positioning hole. This solution can ensure that the grounding structure has high strength and can ensure reliable contact between the socket and the plug.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram (1) of the socket of the quick-change connector of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the socket and plug of the quick-change connector of the present invention before they are mated;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the socket and plug of the quick-change connector of the present invention after mating
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram (2) of the socket of the quick-change connector of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection relationship between the ground positioning hole and the contact spring of the quick-change connector of the present invention
  • Figure 6 shows the connection relationship between the ground positioning pin and the contact ring of the quick-change connector of the present invention
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a fixed connection. It is a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a fixed connection. It is a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components.
  • the invention provides a quick-change connector.
  • the quick-change connector includes a socket 1 and a plug 2.
  • the socket 1 is provided with a grounding positioning pin 11, and the outer periphery of the grounding positioning pin 11 is provided with an annular first grounding pin.
  • the plug 2 is provided with a grounding positioning hole 21, and a second grounding structure is connected to the grounding positioning hole 21.
  • the grounding positioning pin 11 can be inserted into the grounding positioning hole 21 for positioning, and the grounding positioning pin 11 is inserted into the grounding positioning hole 21.
  • the first ground structure is in contact with the second ground structure.
  • the ground positioning pin 11 is connected with the ground positioning hole 21.
  • the ground positioning pin 11 can not only be inserted into the ground positioning hole 21, but also can be pulled out from the ground positioning hole 21.
  • the ground positioning pin 11 is suitable for connecting to the battery.
  • the grounding positioning hole 21 is suitable for connecting with the vehicle body to achieve grounding.
  • the second ground structure is a contact spring 23, for example, one of a crown spring, a torsion spring, a spring contact finger, and a wire spring.
  • the contact spring 23 is an annular structure.
  • the first ground structure The structure only needs to be annular and can be connected to the contact spring 23 with equal potential, such as the contact ring 13 . After the grounding positioning pin 11 is inserted into the grounding positioning hole 21, the outer ring of the contact ring 13 contacts the inner ring of the contact spring 23, thereby improving the reliability of the contact.
  • the socket 1 is also provided with a positioning pin 12, and the plug 2 is also provided with a positioning hole 22.
  • the positioning pin 12 can be inserted into the positioning hole 22 for positioning, so that the grounding positioning pin 11 and the grounding positioning hole 21 can be connected together.
  • the positioning pin 12 and the positioning hole 22 are also matched and connected, thereby achieving two positioning positions and improving the connection reliability between the socket 1 and the plug 2 . It can be understood that the positioning pin 12 can not only be inserted into the positioning hole 22 , but also can be extracted from the positioning hole 22 .
  • the second grounding structure of the present invention will be introduced below with the contact spring 23 as an example, and the annular first grounding structure will be introduced with the contact ring 13 as an example.
  • the positioning pin 12 When the socket 1 of the quick-change connector is mated with the plug 2, the positioning pin 12 will be inserted into the positioning hole 22, and the grounding positioning pin 11 will be inserted into the grounding positioning hole 21, so that the contact spring 23 and the contact ring 13 mutually interact.
  • the connection and positioning of the socket 1 and the plug 2 of the quick-change connector are realized; on the other hand, through the contact ring 13 and The contact of the contact spring 23 realizes the equal potential of the socket 1 and the plug 2 .
  • the contact spring 23 is built into the ground positioning hole 21 and the contact ring 13 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the ground positioning pin 11. Therefore, after the ground positioning pin 11 is inserted into the ground positioning hole 21, This grounding structure is built into the ground positioning hole 21, thereby improving the overall interface layout of the existing quick-change connector, saving the interface space of the quick-change connector, miniaturizing the quick-change connector, and reducing the number of parts. , reduce the weight of the quick-change connector, save material utilization, and thus save costs.
  • the arrangement of the contact ring 13 can provide a stable contact relationship with the contact spring 23 and avoid poor contact due to gaps when the grounding positioning pin 11 directly cooperates with the contact spring 23 .
  • the contact ring 13 of the present invention is integrated on the grounding positioning pin 11, and the contact spring 23 is internally connected in the grounding positioning hole 21.
  • the technical solution can ensure that the grounding structure has high strength and at the same time ensure reliable contact between the socket 1 and the plug 2.
  • the grounding structure of the quick-change connector of the present invention is not external, when the plug 2 is mated with the socket 1, the number of contact points can be reduced, thereby effectively protecting the contact ring 13 and the contact
  • the spring 23 is mechanically bumped during the power exchange process.
  • the contact spring 23 is connected with the ground positioning hole 21 with an interference fit.
  • an annular protrusion 211 is formed on the inner wall of the grounding positioning hole 21, and an annular groove 231 is formed on the outer wall of the contact spring 23.
  • the annular protrusion 211 can be fit into the annular groove 231 to form a limit and ensure The stability of the contact spring 23 in the ground positioning hole 21.
  • a first annular boss 212 is formed on the inner wall of the ground positioning hole 21.
  • the first annular boss 212 is located at the lower part of the inner wall of the ground positioning hole 21, and the bottom end of the contact spring 23 is mounted on the first annular boss 212.
  • the bottom end of the contact spring 23 is mounted on the contact surface of the first annular boss 212 in the axial direction of the ground positioning hole 21 to prevent the contact spring 23 from falling from the ground positioning hole 21 .
  • the lower part of the inner wall of the grounding positioning hole 21 refers to the side of the grounding positioning hole 21 close to the ground after the plug 2 and the socket 1 are mated.
  • it can also be adjusted according to the specific form of the contact spring 23 , size, appropriately adjust the position of the first annular boss 212, for example, the first annular boss 212 is located in the middle of the inner wall of the grounding positioning hole 21, etc.
  • the above three embodiments can be three independent embodiments, or they can be arbitrarily combined.
  • the quick-change connector of the present invention has the above three embodiments at the same time.
  • the quick-change connector also includes an annular stopper 3, which is detachably sleeved on the outer periphery of the grounding positioning pin 11.
  • the grounding positioning pin 11 A second annular boss 111 is formed on the outer wall of the contact ring 111 .
  • the second annular boss 111 is located on the upper part of the outer wall of the grounding positioning pin 11 , and the contact ring 13 is engaged between the second annular boss 111 and the annular stopper 3 .
  • the above-mentioned upper part of the outer wall of the grounding positioning pin 11 refers to the side of the grounding positioning pin 11 away from the ground after the plug 2 and the socket 1 are mated.
  • the annular stopper 3 there are various specific implementation methods for the annular stopper 3 to be detachably sleeved on the outer circumference of the grounding positioning pin 11.
  • the grounding positioning pin 11 is provided with an annular groove, and a sealing ring is provided in the annular groove.
  • the component 3 is fastened to the grounding positioning pin 11 through a sealing ring, that is, the sealing ring is provided between the annular stopper 3 and the grounding positioning pin 11; or, the annular stopper 3 and the grounding positioning pin 11
  • the pins 11 are connected by screws, etc.
  • the assembly method is: first install the contact ring 13 from the lower part of the grounding positioning pin 11, and then install the annular stopper 3. On the annular stopper 3 After being fixed, the contact ring 13 is clamped between the second annular boss 111 and the annular stopper 3 to form fixation and limitation.
  • This arrangement can facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the contact ring 13 while ensuring the stability of the contact ring 13 .
  • the second annular boss 111 can also be located at the lower part of the outer wall of the grounding positioning pin 11.
  • the annular stopper 3 is located at the upper part of the outer wall of the grounding positioning pin 11.
  • the contact spring 23 and the contact ring 13 are made of the same material. To prevent chemical corrosion caused by metal contact between different materials.
  • the contact spring 23 and the contact ring 13 are made of copper, nickel, or zinc.
  • the socket 1 is provided with an annular chamber wall 14, and the positioning pin 12 and the grounding positioning pin 11 are provided on the inside of the annular chamber wall 14.
  • an electrical connection cavity (not shown in the figure) is formed between the socket 1, the annular chamber wall 14 and the plug 2, thereby enabling the grounding Positioning pins 11 and 12 are located in the electrical connection cavity.
  • the annular compartment wall 14 is protrudingly arranged on the socket 1.
  • the annular compartment wall 14 and the socket 1 together form an electrical connection compartment.
  • the grounding positioning pin 11 and the positioning pin 12 are provided on the annular compartment wall.
  • the inside of 14, that is, the grounding positioning pin 11 and the positioning pin 12 are located in the electrical connection compartment. After the positioning pin 12 is inserted into the positioning hole 22 and the grounding positioning pin 11 is inserted into the grounding positioning hole 21, the plug 2 is mated with the socket 1 , the electrical connection chamber and the plug 2 jointly form an electrical connection cavity. At this time, the grounding positioning pin 11 and the positioning pin 12 are located in the electrical connection cavity.
  • the electrical connection compartment and the plug 2 can jointly form an electrical connection cavity in various ways.
  • a groove structure can be formed on the plug 2, and the positioning holes 22, grounding positioning holes 21, etc. are provided in the grooves, and the positioning pins 12 are inserted into the grooves.
  • the annular chamber wall 14 is connected with the inner peripheral wall of the groove, thereby forming an electrical connection cavity.
  • the annular chamber wall 14 just abuts the plug 2 to form an electrical connection cavity.
  • the present invention sets the positioning pin 12 and the grounding positioning pin 11 inside the annular warehouse wall 14, so that after the positioning pin 12 is inserted into the positioning hole 22 and the grounding positioning pin 11 is inserted into the grounding positioning hole 21, the grounding positioning pin 11 and the positioning pin 12 are located in the electrical connection cavity.
  • the electrical connection cavity is a relatively closed environment, the problem of dust accumulation between the positioning pin 12 and the annular chamber wall 14 can be effectively solved, thereby improving the power replacement success rate.
  • Improve the overall interface layout of the existing quick-change connector while also saving the interface space of the quick-change connector, miniaturizing the quick-change connector, and saving material usage.
  • the positive pole 15 and the negative pole 16 on the socket 1 are arranged inside the annular chamber wall 14 , so that when the positioning pin 12 is inserted into the positioning hole 22 and the grounding positioning pin 11 is inserted into the grounding positioning hole 21 Finally, the positive pole 15 and the negative pole 16 are located in the electrical connection cavity, thereby preventing the positive pole 15 and the negative pole 16 from becoming dirty and failing.
  • the second grounding structure of the present invention is introduced with the contact spring 23, this is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, as long as the connection between the plug 2 and the socket 1 can be realized.
  • the equipotential connection and its setting method can be adjusted.
  • the second grounding structure can be an annular metal piece or a spring piece, etc. These do not deviate from the principle of the present invention and are within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the present invention is introduced with the outer ring of the first grounding structure in contact with the inner ring of the second grounding structure after the grounding positioning pin 11 is inserted into the grounding positioning hole 21,
  • the arrangement method is not unique.
  • the first ground structure and the second ground structure are in contact with each other. These do not deviate from the principle of the present invention and are within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the positioning pins 12 and the positioning holes 22 can be omitted.
  • the specific arrangement manner in which the contact ring 13 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the ground positioning pin 11 can be adjusted, such as directly welding the contact ring 13 to the ground positioning pin 11 , etc., which do not deviate from the present invention. principles are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle, which includes a battery, a body and the quick-change connector described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the socket is connected to the battery and the plug is connected to the body.
  • the vehicle After the vehicle has the quick-change connector, it can realize the equipotential connection between the quick-change plug 2 and the quick-change socket 1 of the vehicle, while also ensuring reliable contact between the socket 1 and the plug 2, reducing the number of parts, saving material utilization, Save costs and improve the success rate of battery replacement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及车辆领域，具体提供一种快换连接器及具有该快换连接器的车辆，旨在解决现有的具有等电位连接功能的快换连接器体积大、质量偏重的问题。为此目的，本发明的快换连接器包括插座与插头，插座上设有接地定位销，接地定位销的外周套接有环状的第一接地结构，插头上设有接地定位孔，接地定位孔内连接有第二接地结构，接地定位销能够插入接地定位孔中进行定位，且在接地定位销插入接地定位孔中后，第一接地结构与第二接地结构相接触。上述设置方式，在实现插座与插头等电位连接的同时，还能够节省界面空间、保证插头与插座的可靠接触、避免接地结构在换电过程中的机械磕碰、使快换连接器小型化、减重降本。

Description

快换连接器及具有该快换连接器的车辆
本申请要求2022年05月09日提交的、申请号为CN202221095652.4的中国专利申请的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全文内容通过引用的方式并入本申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆技术领域，具体提供一种快换连接器及具有该快换连接器的车辆。
背景技术
目前，电动车辆的换电池模式优点众多，已经发展成为电动车辆的重要能源供给模式。在换电模式中，电池与车身通过快换连接器连接，连接器的插座端安装于电池上，连接器的插头端安装在车身上，换电时通过断开插座端和插头端的物理接触从而实现快速的更换电池。
现有技术中，快换连接器的插座端设有两个定位销和接地极柱，其中，通过接地极柱实现快换连接器的插座与插头之间的等电位，定位销只起到定位固定的作用，此种结构设计占用界面空间，使得连接器体积大、质量偏重。
相应地，本领域需要一种新的快换连接器及具有该快换连接器的车辆来解决现有的具有等电位连接功能的快换连接器体积大、质量偏重的问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少一定程度地解决上述技术问题，即，解决现有的具有等电位连接功能的快换连接器体积大、质量偏重的问题。
在第一方面，本发明提供一种快换连接器，其特征在于，所述快换连接器包括：插座，所述插座上设有接地定位销，所述接地定位销的外 周套接有环状的第一接地结构；插头，所述插头上设有接地定位孔，所述接地定位孔内连接有第二接地结构，所述接地定位销能够插入所述接地定位孔中进行定位，且在所述接地定位销插入所述接地定位孔中后，所述第一接地结构与所述第二接地结构相接触。
在上述快换连接器的优选技术方案中，所述第二接地结构为接触弹簧。
在上述快换连接器的优选技术方案中，所述接触弹簧与所述接地定位孔过盈配合连接。
在上述快换连接器的优选技术方案中，所述接地定位孔的内壁形成有环形凸起，所述接触弹簧的外壁形成有环形凹槽，所述环形凸起能够适配地装入所述环形凹槽中；并且/或者所述接地定位孔的内壁形成有第一环形凸台，所述接触弹簧的底端搭载在所述第一环形凸台上。
在上述快换连接器的优选技术方案中，所述快换连接器还包括环形止挡件，所述环形止挡件可拆卸地套设于所述接地定位销的外周，所述接地定位销的外壁形成有第二环形凸台，所述第一接地结构卡接于所述第二环形凸台与所述环形止挡件之间。
在上述快换连接器的优选技术方案中，在所述接地定位销插入所述接地定位孔中后，所述第一接地结构的外圈与所述第二接地结构的内圈相接触。
在上述快换连接器的优选技术方案中，所述第一接地结构与所述第二接地结构的材质相同。
在上述快换连接器的优选技术方案中，所述插座上还设有定位销，所述插头上还设有定位孔，所述定位销能够插入所述定位孔中进行定位。
在上述快换连接器的优选技术方案中，所述插座上设有环状仓壁，所述定位销和所述接地定位销设于所述环状仓壁的内侧，在所述定位销插入所述定位孔中、所述接地定位销插入所述接地定位孔中后，所述插座、所述环状仓壁与所述插头之间围设形成电连接腔。
在另一方面，本发明还提供了一种车辆，该车辆包括上述任一实施方式所述的快换连接器，所述车辆还包括电池和车身，其中，所述插座与所述电池相连，所述插头与所述车身相连。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，本发明的快换连接器包括插座与插头，插座上设有接地定位销，接地定位销的外周套接有环状的第一接地结构，插头上设有接地定位孔，接地定位孔内连接有第二接地结构，接地定位销能够插入接地定位孔中进行定位，且在接地定位销插入接地定位孔中后，第一接地结构与第二接地结构相接触。
在快换连接器的插座与插头进行配接时，会将接地定位销插入接地定位孔中，从而使得接触弹簧与接触环相互接触，一方面，通过接地定位销和接地定位孔的配合实现快换连接器的插座与插头的连接与定位，另一方面，通过接触环与接触簧的接触实现插座与插头的等电位。
相较于现有技术，由于本发明将第二接地结构内置于接地定位孔内，将第一接地结构套接于接地定位销的外周，从而在接地定位销插入接地定位孔中后，此种接地结构内置于接地定位孔中，从而能够改善现有的快换连接器的整体界面布局，节省了快换连接器的界面空间，将快换连接器更小型化，减少零部件数量，减少快换连接器的重量，节省材料利用，从而节约成本。此外，还能够保证接地结构之间的稳定接触关系，避免存在间隙而导致接触不良的情形出现。
同时，由于接地定位销的结构强度比传统的接地极柱的结构强度要高，因此，本发明的第一接地结构集成于接地定位销上，第二接地结构内接于接地定位孔中的技术方案，能够保证接地结构具有较高的强度，同时能够保证插座与插头的可靠接触。
附图说明
下面结合附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本发明的快换连接器的插座的结构示意图(一)；
图2是本发明的快换连接器的插座与插头配接前的结构示意图；
图3是本发明的快换连接器的插座与插头配接后的结构示意图；
图4是本发明的快换连接器的插座的结构示意图(二)；
图5为本发明的快换连接器的接地定位孔与接触弹簧的连接关系以及结构示意图；
图6为本发明的快换连接器的接地定位销与接触环的连接关系以及 结构示意图。
附图标记列表：
1-插座；11-接地定位销；111-第二环形凸台；12-定位销；13-接触环；
14-环状仓壁；15-正极柱；16-负极柱；2-插头；21-接地定位孔；211-环形凸起；212-第一环形凸台；22-定位孔；23-接触弹簧；231-环形凹槽；3-环形止挡件。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1至图3所示，为了解决现有的具有等电位连接功能的快换连接器体积大、质量偏重的问题。本发明提供了一种快换连接器，该快换连接器包括插座1和插头2，其中，插座1上设有接地定位销11，接地定位销11的外周套设有环状的第一接地结构，插头2上设有接地定位孔21，接地定位孔21内连接有第二接地结构，接地定位销11能够插入接地定位孔21中进行定位，且在接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中后，第一接地结构与第二接地结构相接触。可以理解的是，接地定位销11与接地定位孔21配合连接，接地定位销11不仅能够插入接地定位孔21中，还能够由接地定位孔21中拔出，接地定位销11适用于与电池相连，接地定位孔21适用于与车身相连，从而实现接地。
优选地，第二接地结构为接触弹簧23，例如，为冠簧、扭簧、弹簧触指、线簧中的一种，可以理解的是，接触弹簧23为环状结构，此外，第一接地结构只要为环状，且能够与接触弹簧23等电位连接即可，如为接触环13。在接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中后，接触环13的外圈与接触弹簧23的内圈相接触，从而提高接触的可靠性。
此外，插座1上还设有定位销12，插头2上还设有定位孔22，定位销12能够插入定位孔22中进行定位，从而能够在接地定位销11与接地定位孔21配合连接的基础上，定位销12与定位孔22也配合连接，进而能够实现两处定位，提高插座1与插头2的连接可靠性。可以理解的是，定位销12不仅能够插入定位孔22中，还能够由定位孔22中拔出。
为了便于说明，下文本发明的第二接地结构将以接触弹簧23为例进行介绍，环状的第一接地结构以接触环13进行介绍。
在快换连接器的插座1与插头2进行配接时，会将定位销12插入定位孔22中，并将接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中，从而使得接触弹簧23与接触环13相互接触，一方面，通过定位销12和定位孔22、接地定位销11和接地定位孔21的配合实现快换连接器的插座1与插头2的连接与定位，另一方面，通过接触环13与接触弹簧23的接触实现插座1与插头2的等电位。
相较于现有技术，由于本发明将接触弹簧23内置于接地定位孔21内，将接触环13套接于接地定位销11的外周，从而在接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中后，此种接地结构内置于接地定位孔21中，从而能够改善现有的快换连接器的整体界面布局，节省了快换连接器的界面空间，将快换连接器更小型化，减少零部件数量，减少快换连接器的重量，节省材料利用，从而节约成本。此外，通过接触环13的设置，能够提供与接触弹簧23之间的稳定接触关系，避免在接地定位销11与接触弹簧23直接配合的情形下，由于存在间隙而导致接触不良的情形出现。
同时，由于接地定位销11的结构强度比传统的接地极柱的结构强度要高，因此，本发明的接触环13集成于接地定位销11上，接触弹簧23内接于接地定位孔21中的技术方案，能够保证接地结构具有较高的强度，同时能够保证插座1与插头2的可靠接触。
另一方面，相较于传统的方案，由于本发明的快换连接器的接地结构非外置，在插头2与插座1配接时，能够减少接触点位，进而有效保护接触环13与接触弹簧23在换电过程中的机械磕碰。
其中，接触弹簧23装配于接地定位孔21内的具体实施方式包括多种，如图5所示，本发明将以以下几种可能的实施方式为例进行说明。
一是，接触弹簧23与接地定位孔21过盈配合连接。二是，接地定位孔21的内壁形成有环形凸起211，接触弹簧23的外壁形成有环形凹槽231，环形凸起211能够适配地装入环形凹槽231中，以形成限位，保证接触弹簧23在接地定位孔21中的稳固性。三是，接地定位孔21的内壁形成有第一环形凸台212，如第一环形凸台212位于接地定位孔21的内壁下部，接触弹簧23的底端搭载在第一环形凸台212上，也即接触弹簧23的底端搭载在第一环形凸台212在接地定位孔21轴向方向上的接触面上，以防接触弹簧23由接地定位孔21中掉落。可以理解的是，上述的接地定位孔21的内壁下部指的是，在插头2与插座1配接好后，接地定位孔21靠近地面的一侧，当然，也可以根据接触弹簧23的具体形式、大小，适当调整第一环形凸台212的位置，如第一环形凸台212位于接地定位孔21的内壁中部等。
其中，上述三种实施方式可以是三种独立的实施方式，也可以将上述三种实施方式进行任意组合，如本发明的快换连接器同时具备上述三种实施方式。
此外，作为一种可能的实施方式，如图6所示，快换连接器还包括环形止挡件3，环形止挡件3可拆卸地套设于接地定位销11的外周，接地定位销11的外壁形成有第二环形凸台111，如第二环形凸台111位于接地定位销11的外壁上部，接触环13卡接于第二环形凸台111与环形止挡件3之间。可以理解的是，上述的接地定位销11的外壁上部指的是，在插头2与插座1配接好后，接地定位销11远离地面的一侧。
其中，环形止挡件3可拆卸地套设于接地定位销11的外周的具体实施方式包括多种，例如，接地定位销11上设有环形槽，环形槽中设有密封环，环形止挡件3通过密封环紧固于接地定位销11上，也即密封环设于环形止挡件3与接地定位销11之间；或者，环形止挡件3与接地定位 销11之间通过螺钉连接等。
第二环形凸台111位于接地定位销11的外壁上部时，其装配方式为，首先从接地定位销11的下部装入接触环13，然后装上环形止挡件3，在环形止挡件3固定好后，接触环13卡接于第二环形凸台111与环形止挡件3之间，从而形成固定与限位。通过此种设置方式，能够在保证接触环13的稳固性的前提下，还能够便于接触环13的维修与更换。当然，可替换地，第二环形凸台111还可以位于接地定位销11的外壁下部，此时环形止挡件3位于接地定位销11的外壁上部，这些简单的变换均在本发明的保护范围之内。
作为一种优选的实施方式，接触弹簧23与接触环13的材质相同。以防止不同材质的金属接触产生化学腐蚀。例如，接触弹簧23与接触环13采用铜、镍、锌中的一种材质。
作为一种优选的实施方式，如图4所示，并参照图1，插座1上设有环状仓壁14，定位销12和接地定位销11设于环状仓壁14的内侧，在定位销12插入定位孔22中、接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中后，插座1、环状仓壁14与插头2之间围设形成电连接腔(图中未示出)，从而使得接地定位销11和定位销12位于电连接腔中。换句话说，环状仓壁14在插座1上是凸出设置的，环状仓壁14与插座1共同围设形成一个电连接仓，接地定位销11和定位销12设于环状仓壁14的内侧，也即接地定位销11和定位销12设于电连接仓中，在定位销12插入定位孔22中、接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中后，插头2与插座1配接，电连接仓与插头2共同形成电连接腔，此时，接地定位销11和定位销12位于电连接腔中。
其中，电连接仓与插头2共同形成电连接腔的方式包括多种，例如，插头2上可以形成凹槽结构，定位孔22、接地定位孔21等设于凹槽中，在定位销12插入定位孔22中、接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中后，环状仓壁14与凹槽的内周壁连接，从而围设形成电连接腔。或者，在定位销12插入定位孔22中、接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中后，环状仓壁14正好与插头2抵接从而围设形成电连接腔等。
若将定位销与接地定位销设置在环状仓壁外侧，在整车长期使用下， 日积月累，在环状仓壁与定位销之间会累积大量的灰尘，灰尘堆积不易清理，进而导致换电失效，且整个界面结构松散。因此，本发明将定位销12和接地定位销11设于环状仓壁14的内侧，使得在定位销12插入定位孔22中、接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中后，接地定位销11和定位销12位于电连接腔中，由于电连接腔是一个较为封闭的环境，因此，可以有效解决定位销12与环状仓壁14之间的灰尘堆积的问题，从而提升换电成功率，改善现有的快换连接器的整体界面布局，同时也节省了快换连接器的界面空间，将快换连接器更小型化，节约材料利用。
优选地，参照图1，插座1上的正极柱15和负极柱16设于环状仓壁14的内侧，从而使得在定位销12插入定位孔22中、接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中后，正极柱15和负极柱16位于电连接腔中，从而避免正极柱15与负极柱16脏污，避免其失效。
需要说明的是，上述实施方式仅仅用来阐述本发明的原理，并非旨在于限制本发明的保护范围，在不偏离本发明原理的条件下，本领域技术人员能够对上述实施方式进行调整，以便本发明能够应用于更加具体的应用场景。
例如，作为一种可替换的实施方式，虽然本发明的第二接地结构是以接触弹簧23进行介绍的，但这并不旨在于限制本发明的保护范围，只要能够实现插头2与插座1的等电位连接，其设置方式可以调整，如，第二接地结构可以为环状金属片或者弹片等，这些均不偏离本发明的原理，均在本发明的保护范围之内。
例如，作为一种可替换的实施方式，虽然本发明是以在接地定位销11插入接地定位孔21中后，第一接地结构的外圈与第二接地结构的内圈相接触进行介绍的，但其设置方式并非唯一，例如，第一接地结构与第二接地结构抵接等，这些均不偏离本发明的原理，均在本发明的保护范围之内。
例如，可以省去定位销12和定位孔22的设置。
例如，作为一种可替换的实施方式，接触环13套设于接地定位销11的外周的具体设置方式可以调整，如接触环13直接焊接于接地定位销11上等，这些均不偏离本发明的原理，均在本发明的保护范围之内。
在另一方面，本发明还提供了一种车辆，该车辆包括电池、车身和上述任一实施方式所述的快换连接器，其中，插座与电池相连，插头与车身相连。
在车辆拥有该快换连接器后，能够实现车辆的快换插头2与快换插座1等电位连接的同时，还能够保证插座1与插头2的可靠接触、减少零部件数量、节省材料利用、节约成本、提高换电成功率。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种快换连接器，其特征在于，所述快换连接器包括：
    插座，所述插座上设有接地定位销，所述接地定位销的外周套接有环状的第一接地结构；
    插头，所述插头上设有接地定位孔，所述接地定位孔内连接有第二接地结构，所述接地定位销能够插入所述接地定位孔中进行定位，且在所述接地定位销插入所述接地定位孔中后，所述第一接地结构与所述第二接地结构相接触。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的快换连接器，其特征在于，
    所述第二接地结构为接触弹簧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的快换连接器，其特征在于，
    所述接触弹簧与所述接地定位孔过盈配合连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的快换连接器，其特征在于，
    所述接地定位孔的内壁形成有环形凸起，所述接触弹簧的外壁形成有环形凹槽，所述环形凸起能够适配地装入所述环形凹槽中；并且/或者
    所述接地定位孔的内壁形成有第一环形凸台，所述接触弹簧的底端搭载在所述第一环形凸台上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的快换连接器，其特征在于，
    所述快换连接器还包括环形止挡件，所述环形止挡件可拆卸地套设于所述接地定位销的外周，所述接地定位销的外壁形成有第二环形凸台，所述第一接地结构卡接于所述第二环形凸台与所述环形止挡件之间。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的快换连接器，其特征在于，
    在所述接地定位销插入所述接地定位孔中后，所述第一接地结构的外圈与所述第二接地结构的内圈相接触。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的快换连接器，其特征在于，
    所述第一接地结构与所述第二接地结构的材质相同。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的快换连接器，其特征在于，
    所述插座上还设有定位销，所述插头上还设有定位孔，所述定位销能够插入所述定位孔中进行定位。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的快换连接器，其特征在于，
    所述插座上设有环状仓壁，所述定位销和所述接地定位销设于所述环状仓壁的内侧，在所述定位销插入所述定位孔中、所述接地定位销插入所述接地定位孔中后，所述插座、所述环状仓壁与所述插头之间围设形成电连接腔。
  10. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括权利要求1至9中任一项所述的快换连接器，所述车辆还包括电池和车身，其中，所述插座与所述电池相连，所述插头与所述车身相连。
PCT/CN2023/092860 2022-05-09 2023-05-09 快换连接器及具有该快换连接器的车辆 WO2023217099A1 (zh)

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