WO2023216564A1 - 气胀式主动封隔器 - Google Patents

气胀式主动封隔器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023216564A1
WO2023216564A1 PCT/CN2022/136184 CN2022136184W WO2023216564A1 WO 2023216564 A1 WO2023216564 A1 WO 2023216564A1 CN 2022136184 W CN2022136184 W CN 2022136184W WO 2023216564 A1 WO2023216564 A1 WO 2023216564A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sleeve
inflatable
air nozzle
clamping layer
strength
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/136184
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张贵
张恒
叶长青
姜雪媛
袁伟
爨炳辰
邢玉琢
Original Assignee
西安向阳航天材料股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 西安向阳航天材料股份有限公司 filed Critical 西安向阳航天材料股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023216564A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023216564A1/zh
Priority to US18/396,630 priority Critical patent/US20240125073A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • E02D15/06—Placing concrete under water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2450/00—Gaskets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of packers for fixed offshore platforms, and specifically relates to an inflatable active packer.
  • offshore fixed platforms are composed of a working platform and a jacket located below the water line at the bottom of the working platform.
  • the jacket is fixed through a connection between a sleeve installed at the bottom of the main leg of the jacket and an inner steel pile that passes through the sleeve and is driven into the seabed.
  • the fixation between the sleeve and the inner steel pile whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve is achieved by pouring cement slurry.
  • the particularity of grouting on the seabed is that grouting directly in the annular space will contaminate the seabed with mud and the cement slurry will flow out and fail to solidify and fix. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a packer at the lower part of the annular space between the sleeve and the inner steel pile. Products to seal, block seabed sludge and annular space cement slurry.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an inflatable active packer, which solves the problem that the packer is easily damaged during the rapid fall of the inner steel pile during piling.
  • the invention provides an inflatable active packer, which includes a cylindrical inner steel pile.
  • the inner steel pile is coaxially connected with a sleeve, and the inner diameter of the sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the inner steel pile.
  • the length of the sleeve is no longer than the length of the inner steel pile.
  • a guide block is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve and close to the end of the sleeve.
  • the inner wall of the sleeve is in contact with a high-strength blocking layer.
  • the middle part of the high-strength blocking layer A rubber capsule is fixedly connected.
  • the high-strength clamping layer and the rubber capsule are both made of one or more layers of cloth-covered rubber.
  • Both ends of the high-strength clamping layer are fixedly connected to the sleeve through a compression device.
  • the compression The overall thickness of the device does not exceed the thickness of the guide block.
  • the sleeve has a through hole that is coaxial and has the same diameter as the mounting hole for the inflating air nozzle.
  • An inflatable air nozzle is clamped in the installation hole of the inflatable air nozzle, and the inflatable air nozzle penetrates the sleeve and the high-strength clamping layer and is inserted into the inside of the rubber capsule.
  • the pressing device adopts a concave pressing device, which includes a concave pressing plate, a first gasket and a fastening bolt. Both ends of the high-strength clamping layer are configured as protruding head clamps.
  • the high-strength clamping layer is clamped with the concave pressure plate, the concave pressure plate and the sleeve are threadedly connected through fastening bolts, and a first gasket is arranged at the connection between the concave pressure plate and the sleeve.
  • both ends of the high-strength clamping layer are configured as straight bars, and the pressing device adopts an L-shaped pressing device.
  • the L-shaped pressing device includes an L-shaped pressing plate, a second gasket and a fastening bolt.
  • the high-strength clamping layer is in contact with the L-shaped pressure plate, the L-shaped pressure plate and the sleeve are threadedly connected through fastening bolts, and a second gasket is arranged at the connection between the L-shaped pressure plate and the sleeve.
  • the inflating air nozzle has a threaded structure in its circumferential direction, and the part where the inflating air nozzle penetrates the sleeve is threadedly connected to a valve block, and the axial side of the valve block is in contact with the sleeve.
  • a fastening nut is abutted on the other axial side of the valve block, and the fastening nut is threaded with the inflatable air nozzle.
  • valve block There is a one-way air inlet hole inside the valve block, and the one-way air inlet hole penetrates
  • the air inlet channel and valve block of the inflatable air nozzle, the air inlet and the air outlet of the one-way air inlet are fixedly connected with valves, and the end of the valve away from the one-way air inlet is fixedly connected with an inflatable hose.
  • one end of the inflatable hose away from the one-way air inlet is connected to an external air source.
  • the inner wall and the outer wall of the sleeve are both provided with sealing grooves, and both sealing grooves are coaxially arranged with the inflatable air nozzle. Sealing gaskets are installed in the sealing grooves, and the sealing gaskets are connected with the gasket.
  • the inflatable air nozzle is sleeved.
  • the overall thickness of the high-strength blocking layer and the rubber capsule does not exceed the thickness of the guide block.
  • the filling material is gas or liquid.
  • a side of the guide block near the end is configured as an inclined plane from the inner wall of the sleeve to the axis of the sleeve.
  • the present invention provides a rubber capsule, a high-strength clamping layer and an inflatable air nozzle.
  • the materials of the rubber capsule and high-strength clamping layer are made of special cloth rubber.
  • the cloth rubber greatly ensures the durability of the rubber capsule.
  • the pressure-resistant capacity ensures that the air bag will not rupture, leak, or seep water during the inflation or liquid filling process. It also improves the overall rigidity of the air bag, effectively avoiding the problem of the packer being easily damaged as a whole.
  • the invention has an ingenious structural design, simple working principle, and is easy to operate. It can provide a supporting force greater than the gravity of the cement slurry itself, so as to achieve the best sealing performance and is more conducive to application in deep sea.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the inflatable active packer of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rubber capsule in the inflatable active packer of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the concave compression device in the inflatable active packer of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the inflatable air nozzle in the inflatable active packer of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the inflatable active packer of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the L-shaped compression device in the inflatable active packer of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the rubber capsule in the inflatable active packer of the present invention after expansion
  • the inflatable active packer of the present invention includes a cylindrical inner steel pile 1.
  • the inner steel pile 1 is coaxially connected with a sleeve 2.
  • the inner diameter of the sleeve 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the inner steel pile 1.
  • the length of the sleeve 2 is no longer than the length of the inner steel pile 1
  • a guide block 11 is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve 2 and close to the end of the sleeve 2
  • the side of the guide block 11 close to the end is set from the inner wall of the sleeve 2 to the sleeve 2 is an inclined plane in the axis direction
  • the inner wall of the sleeve 2 is in contact with a high-strength clamping layer 4
  • a rubber capsule 9 is fixed in the middle of the high-strength clamping layer 4
  • both ends of the high-strength clamping layer 4 are fixedly connected to the sleeve 2 through a compression device.
  • the high-strength clamping layer 4 has an inflatable air nozzle mounting hole 10 in the middle, the sleeve 2 has a through hole that is coaxial and has the same diameter as the inflating air nozzle mounting hole 10, and an inflating air nozzle 8 is clamped in the inflating air nozzle mounting hole 10. , the inflatable air nozzle 8 penetrates the sleeve 2 and the high-strength clamping layer 4 and is inserted into the rubber capsule 9.
  • the high-strength clamping layer 4 and the rubber capsule 9 are both made of one or more layers of fabric-filled rubber, and the overall pressure resistance is strong and air-tight. Excellent, it can prevent gas or liquid leakage.
  • the cloth-covered rubber greatly ensures the pressure resistance of the rubber capsule 9 and ensures that the rubber capsule 9 will not rupture, leak, or seep during the process of inflating or liquid filling. It also improves the performance of the rubber capsule.
  • the overall rigidity of the rubber capsule 9 is improved, effectively avoiding the problem that the packer is easily damaged as a whole.
  • the overall thickness of the compression device does not exceed the thickness of the guide block 11, which can avoid damage during the piling process.
  • the rubber capsule 9 is not damaged.
  • the pressing device adopts a concave pressing device 6.
  • the concave pressing device 6 includes a concave pressing plate 20, a first gasket 19 and a fastening bolt 7.
  • the two sides of the high-strength clamping layer 4 The end is provided with a convex head buckle structure 5, the high-strength clamping layer 4 is clamped with the concave pressure plate 20, the concave pressure plate 20 and the sleeve 2 are tightened through the threaded connection of the fastening bolt 7, the concave pressure plate 20 and the sleeve 2
  • a first gasket 19 is arranged at the connection.
  • the inflating air nozzle 8 has a threaded structure in the circumferential direction.
  • the part where the inflating air nozzle 8 passes through the sleeve 2 is threaded with a valve block 12.
  • the valve block 12 is in contact with the sleeve 2 on one axial side.
  • the block 12 is axially abutted with a fastening nut 14 on the other side.
  • the fastening nut 14 is threadedly connected to the inflation air nozzle 8.
  • the air inlet channel of the mouth 8 and the valve block 12, the air inlet and the air outlet of the one-way air inlet hole 15 are all fixedly connected with a valve 13, and the end of the valve 13 away from the one-way air inlet hole 15 is fixedly connected with an inflatable hose.
  • the end of the hose away from the one-way air inlet hole 15 is connected to the external air source.
  • sealing grooves 16 on both the inner and outer walls of the sleeve 2, and both sealing grooves 16 are coaxially arranged with the inflating air nozzle 8. Sealing gaskets are installed in the sealing grooves 16, and the sealing gaskets are socketed with the inflating air nozzle 8. .
  • the inflatable active packer of the present invention includes a cylindrical inner steel pile 1.
  • the inner steel pile 1 is coaxially connected with a sleeve 2.
  • the inner diameter of the sleeve 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the inner steel pile 1.
  • the length of the sleeve 2 is no longer than the length of the inner steel pile 1
  • a guide block 11 is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve 2 and close to the end of the sleeve 2
  • the side of the guide block 11 close to the end is set from the inner wall of the sleeve 2 to the sleeve 2 is an inclined plane in the axis direction
  • the inner wall of the sleeve 2 is in contact with a high-strength clamping layer 4
  • a rubber capsule 9 is fixed in the middle of the high-strength clamping layer 4
  • both ends of the high-strength clamping layer 4 are fixedly connected to the sleeve 2 through a compression device.
  • the high-strength clamping layer 4 has an inflatable air nozzle mounting hole 10 in the middle, the sleeve 2 has a through hole that is coaxial and has the same diameter as the inflating air nozzle mounting hole 10, and an inflating air nozzle 8 is clamped in the inflating air nozzle mounting hole 10. , the inflatable air nozzle 8 penetrates the sleeve 2 and the high-strength clamping layer 4 and is inserted into the rubber capsule 9.
  • the high-strength clamping layer 4 and the rubber capsule 9 are both made of one or more layers of fabric-filled rubber, and the overall pressure resistance is strong and air-tight. Excellent, it can prevent gas or liquid leakage.
  • the cloth-covered rubber greatly ensures the pressure resistance of the rubber capsule 9 and ensures that the rubber capsule 9 will not rupture, leak, or seep during the process of inflating or liquid filling. It also improves the performance of the rubber capsule.
  • the overall rigidity of the rubber capsule 9 is improved, effectively avoiding the problem that the packer is easily damaged as a whole.
  • the overall thickness of the compression device does not exceed the thickness of the guide block 11, which can avoid damage during the piling process.
  • the rubber capsule 9 is not damaged.
  • both ends of the high-strength clamping layer 4 are set as straight bars 18, and the pressing device adopts an L-shaped pressing device 17.
  • the L-shaped pressing device 17 includes an L-shaped pressing plate 21, a second gasket 22 and The fastening bolts 7 are tightened, the high-strength clamping layer 4 and the L-shaped pressure plate 21 are in contact, the L-shaped pressure plate 21 and the sleeve 2 are threadedly connected through the fastening bolts 7, and the second connection point between the L-shaped pressure plate 21 and the sleeve 2 is arranged Gasket 22.
  • the high-strength clamping layer 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve 2 with the rubber capsule 9.
  • the overall thickness of the rubber capsule 9 and the high-strength clamping layer 4 does not exceed the guide block.
  • the thickness dimension of 11 can avoid damage to the packer during pile driving.
  • a certain amount of gas or liquid is filled into the inside of the rubber capsule 9 through the inflating air nozzle 8, causing the rubber capsule 9 to expand.
  • the expanded rubber capsule 9 closes the ring between the sleeve 2 and the inner steel pile 1. Space is blocked. Then cement glue can be injected into the annular space.
  • the high-strength clamping layer 4 has a special fabric-covered rubber structure and both ends are fixed by pressing devices. Its vertical tensile strength is also sufficient to support the gravity of the overall cement mortar.

Abstract

一种气胀式主动封隔器，包括呈筒状的内钢桩，所述内钢桩同轴套接有套筒，所述套筒内径大于所述内钢桩外径，所述套筒长度不大于所述内钢桩长度，所述套筒内壁且靠近套筒端部固接有导向块，所述套筒内壁抵接有高强卡位层，所述高强卡位层中部固接有橡胶胶囊，所述高强卡位层与橡胶胶囊均为一层或多层夹布橡胶，所述高强卡位层两端通过压紧装置和所述套筒固接，所述高强卡位层中部开有充气气嘴安装孔，所述套筒开有与充气气嘴安装孔同轴且直径相同的通孔，所述充气气嘴安装孔内卡接有充气气嘴，所述充气气嘴贯穿套筒和高强卡位层插入橡胶胶囊内部。该气胀式主动封隔器可提供大于水泥浆自身重力的支撑力，使密封性能达到最佳，有利于在深海应用。

Description

气胀式主动封隔器 技术领域
本发明属于海上固定式平台用封隔器技术领域，具体涉及一种气胀式主动封隔器。
背景技术
随着海洋开发向深海的推进，海上固定式平台逐渐受到重视。目前海上固定式平台是由工作平台和位于工作平台底部水面线以下的导管架组成。导管架则通过安装在导管架主腿底部的套筒与穿过套筒并打入海底的内钢桩之间的连接来完成固定的。而套筒和外径小于套筒内径的内钢桩之间的固定通过浇灌水泥浆的方式来达到。然而在海底进行灌浆的特殊性，直接在环形空间灌浆会有海底泥污污染和水泥浆流出达不到凝固固定的作用，因此有必要在套筒和内钢桩的环形空间下部设置封隔器产品来进行密封，封堵海底污泥和环形空间水泥浆。
目前海上固定式平台用的水下封隔器按照工作类型分为主动式封隔器和被动式封隔器。被动式封隔器只适用于浅水区，在内钢桩快速下落打桩过程中易造成封隔器破坏，其深海区域应用受限，且该方式工作原理复杂，必须配备液压管线、动力站以及水下机器人应急接口，并且海上操作复杂，调试工作量大，成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种气胀式主动封隔器，解决了内钢桩快速下落打桩过程中易造成封隔器破坏的问题。
本发明提供一种气胀式主动封隔器，包括呈筒状的内钢桩，所述内钢桩同轴套接有套筒，所述套筒内径大于所述内钢桩外径，所述套筒长度不大于所述内钢桩长度，所述套筒内壁且靠近套筒端部固接有导向块，所述套筒内壁抵接有高强卡位层，所述高强卡位层中部固接有橡胶胶囊，所述高强卡位层与橡胶胶囊均为一层或多层夹布橡胶，所述高强卡位层两端通过压紧装置和所述套筒固接，所述压紧装置的总成厚度尺寸不超过导向块的厚度尺寸，所述高强卡位层中部开有充气气嘴安装孔，所述套筒开有与充气气嘴安装孔同轴且直径相同的通孔，所述充气气嘴安装孔内卡接有充气气嘴，所述充气气嘴贯穿套筒和高强卡位层插入橡胶胶囊内部。
进一步地，所述压紧装置采用凹形压紧装置，所述凹形压紧装置包括凹形压板、第一垫片及紧固螺栓，所述高强卡位层的两端设置为凸头卡扣结构，所述高强卡位层和凹形压板卡接，所述凹形压板和所述套筒通过紧固螺栓螺纹连接，所述凹形压板和套筒连接处布置第一垫片。
进一步地，所述高强卡位层的两端设置为直形条，所述压紧装置采用L形压紧装置，所述L形压紧装置包括L形压板、第二垫片及紧固螺栓，所述高强卡位层和L形压板抵接，所述L形压板和所述套筒通过紧固螺栓螺纹连接，所述L形压板和套筒连接处布置第二垫片。
进一步地，所述充气气嘴周向为螺纹结构，所述充气气嘴穿出所述套筒的部位螺纹套接有阀块，所述阀块轴向一侧与所述套筒抵接，所述阀块轴向另一侧抵接有紧固螺母，所述紧固螺母与充气气嘴螺纹套接，所述阀块内部开有单向进气孔，所述单向进气孔贯穿所述充气气嘴的进气通道和阀块，所述单向进气孔进气口和出气口均固接有阀门，所述阀门远离单向进气孔的一端均固接有充气软管，所述充气软管远离所述单向进气孔的一端均连通外部 气源。
进一步地，所述套筒内壁和外壁均开有密封槽，且两个密封槽均与所述充气气嘴同轴设置，所述密封槽内均装有密封垫片，所述密封垫片与所述充气气嘴套接。
进一步地，所述橡胶胶囊未充入填充物质时，高强卡位层和橡胶胶囊的整体厚度尺寸不超过导向块的厚度尺寸。
进一步地，所述填充物质为气体或液体。
进一步地，所述导向块靠近端部的一侧设置为自所述套筒内壁到套筒轴线方向的斜面。
本发明的有益效果如下：
1.本发明通过设置橡胶胶囊、高强卡位层与充气气嘴，橡胶胶囊、高强卡位层的材质又是通过特殊的夹布橡胶制作而成，该夹布橡胶极大地保证了橡胶胶囊的耐压承受能力，确保在充气或充液体过程中气囊不会破裂、漏气、渗水等，同时也提高了气囊整体的刚性，有效避免了封隔器整体易破坏的问题。
2.本发明结构设计巧妙，工作原理简单，易操作，可提供大于水泥浆自身重力的支撑力，使密封性能达到最佳，更有利于在深海进行应用。
附图说明
图1是本发明气胀式主动封隔器实施例一的结构示意图；
图2是本发明气胀式主动封隔器中橡胶胶囊处的结构示意图；
图3是本发明气胀式主动封隔器中凹形压紧装置的结构示意图；
图4是本发明气胀式主动封隔器中充气气嘴处的结构示意图；
图5是本发明气胀式主动封隔器实施例二的结构示意图；
图6是本发明气胀式主动封隔器中L形压紧装置结构示意图；
图7是本发明气胀式主动封隔器中橡胶胶囊膨胀后的结构示意图；
图中，1.内钢桩，2.套筒，3.填充物质，4.高强卡位层，5.凸头卡扣结构，6.凹形压紧装置，7.紧固螺栓，8.充气气嘴，9.橡胶胶囊，10.充气气嘴安装孔，11.导向块，12.阀块，13.阀门，14.紧固螺母，15.单向进气孔，16.密封槽，17.L形压紧装置，18.直形条，19.第一垫片，20.凹形压板，21.L形压板，22.第二垫片。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例一
如图1所示，本发明气胀式主动封隔器，包括呈筒状的内钢桩1，内钢桩1同轴套接有套筒2，套筒2内径大于内钢桩1外径，套筒2长度不大于内钢桩1长度，套筒2内壁且靠近套筒2端部固接有导向块11，导向块11靠近端部的一侧设置为自套筒2内壁到套筒2轴线方向的斜面，套筒2内壁抵接有高强卡位层4，高强卡位层4中部固接有橡胶胶囊9，高强卡位层4两端通过压紧装置和套筒2固接，高强卡位层4中部开有充气气嘴安装孔10，套筒2开有与充气气嘴安装孔10同轴且直径相同的通孔，充气气嘴安装孔10内卡接有充气气嘴8，充气气嘴8贯穿套筒2和高强卡位层4插入橡胶胶囊9内部，高强卡位层4与橡胶胶囊9均为一层或多层夹布橡胶，整体耐压能力强，气密性优异，可以防止气体或液体泄漏，该夹布橡胶极大地保证了橡胶胶囊9的耐压承受能力，确保在充气或充液体过程中橡胶胶囊9不会破裂、漏气、渗水等，同时也提高了橡胶胶囊9整体的刚性，有效避免了封隔器整体易破坏的问题，压紧装置的总成厚度尺寸不超过导向块11的厚度尺 寸，可以避免在打桩过程中的破坏，橡胶胶囊9未充入填充物质3时，高强卡位层4和橡胶胶囊9的整体厚度尺寸不超过导向块11的厚度尺寸，填充物质3为气体或液体。
如图2和图3所示，压紧装置采用凹形压紧装置6，凹形压紧装置6包括凹形压板20、第一垫片19及紧固螺栓7，高强卡位层4的两端设置为凸头卡扣结构5，高强卡位层4和凹形压板20卡接，凹形压板20和套筒2通过紧固螺栓7螺纹连接进行紧固，凹形压板20和套筒2连接处布置第一垫片19。
如图4所示，充气气嘴8周向为螺纹结构，充气气嘴8穿出套筒2的部位螺纹套接有阀块12，阀块12轴向一侧与套筒2抵接，阀块12轴向另一侧抵接有紧固螺母14，紧固螺母14与充气气嘴8螺纹套接，阀块12内部开有单向进气孔15，单向进气孔15贯穿充气气嘴8的进气通道和阀块12，单向进气孔15进气口和出气口均固接有阀门13，阀门13远离单向进气孔15的一端均固接有充气软管，充气软管远离单向进气孔15的一端均连通外部气源。
套筒2内壁和外壁均开有密封槽16，且两个密封槽16均与充气气嘴8同轴设置，密封槽16内均装有密封垫片，密封垫片与充气气嘴8套接。
实施例2
如图5所示，本发明气胀式主动封隔器，包括呈筒状的内钢桩1，内钢桩1同轴套接有套筒2，套筒2内径大于内钢桩1外径，套筒2长度不大于内钢桩1长度，套筒2内壁且靠近套筒2端部固接有导向块11，导向块11靠近端部的一侧设置为自套筒2内壁到套筒2轴线方向的斜面，套筒2内壁抵接有高强卡位层4，高强卡位层4中部固接有橡胶胶囊9，高强卡位层4 两端通过压紧装置和套筒2固接，高强卡位层4中部开有充气气嘴安装孔10，套筒2开有与充气气嘴安装孔10同轴且直径相同的通孔，充气气嘴安装孔10内卡接有充气气嘴8，充气气嘴8贯穿套筒2和高强卡位层4插入橡胶胶囊9内部，高强卡位层4与橡胶胶囊9均为一层或多层夹布橡胶，整体耐压能力强，气密性优异，可以防止气体或液体泄漏，该夹布橡胶极大地保证了橡胶胶囊9的耐压承受能力，确保在充气或充液体过程中橡胶胶囊9不会破裂、漏气、渗水等，同时也提高了橡胶胶囊9整体的刚性，有效避免了封隔器整体易破坏的问题，压紧装置的总成厚度尺寸不超过导向块11的厚度尺寸，可以避免在打桩过程中的破坏，橡胶胶囊9未充入填充物质3时，高强卡位层4和橡胶胶囊9的整体厚度尺寸不超过导向块11的厚度尺寸，填充物质3为气体或液体。
如图6所示，高强卡位层4的两端设置为直形条18，压紧装置采用L形压紧装置17，L形压紧装置17包括L形压板21、第二垫片22及紧固螺栓7进行紧固，高强卡位层4和L形压板21抵接，L形压板21和套筒2通过紧固螺栓7螺纹连接，L形压板21和套筒2连接处布置第二垫片22。
本发明的实施工作原理：高强卡位层4带着橡胶胶囊9固定在套筒2内壁上，在未充入气体或液体时，橡胶胶囊9和高强卡位层4整体厚度尺寸不超过导向块11的厚度尺寸，可以避免打桩过程中对封隔器的破坏。如图7所示，通过充气气嘴8向橡胶胶囊9内部充入一定量的气体或液体，促使橡胶胶囊9膨胀，膨胀后的橡胶胶囊9将套筒2和内钢桩1之间的环形空间进行封堵。然后可以在环形空间注入水泥胶浆，伴随着橡胶胶囊9内压的增大，橡胶胶囊9与内钢桩1的挤压力也越来越大，足够承接水泥胶浆整体的重力。高强卡位层4特殊的夹布橡胶结构以及两端依靠着压紧装置固定，其竖向的 抗拉强度也足够支撑整体水泥胶浆的重力。
本发明的保护范围不仅仅局限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，实施例中的技术方案也可以适当组合，只要结构与本发明相同，就落在本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 气胀式主动封隔器，其特征在于，包括呈筒状的内钢桩(1)，所述内钢桩(1)同轴套接有套筒(2)，所述套筒(2)内径大于所述内钢桩(1)外径，所述套筒(2)长度不大于所述内钢桩(1)长度，所述套筒(2)内壁且靠近套筒(2)端部固接有导向块(11)，所述套筒(2)内壁抵接有高强卡位层(4)，所述高强卡位层(4)中部固接有橡胶胶囊(9)，所述高强卡位层(4)与橡胶胶囊(9)均为一层或多层夹布橡胶，所述高强卡位层(4)两端通过压紧装置和所述套筒(2)固接，所述压紧装置的总成厚度尺寸不超过导向块(11)的厚度尺寸，所述高强卡位层(4)中部开有充气气嘴安装孔(10)，所述套筒(2)开有与充气气嘴安装孔(10)同轴且直径相同的通孔，所述充气气嘴安装孔(10)内卡接有充气气嘴(8)，所述充气气嘴(8)贯穿套筒(2)和高强卡位层(4)插入橡胶胶囊(9)内部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的气胀式主动封隔器，其特征在于，所述压紧装置采用凹形压紧装置(6)，所述凹形压紧装置(6)包括凹形压板(20)、第一垫片(19)及紧固螺栓(7)，所述高强卡位层(4)的两端设置为凸头卡扣结构(5)，所述高强卡位层(4)和凹形压板(20)卡接，所述凹形压板(20)和所述套筒(2)通过紧固螺栓(7)螺纹连接，所述凹形压板(20)和套筒(2)连接处布置第一垫片(19)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的气胀式主动封隔器，其特征在于，所述高强卡位层(4)的两端设置为直形条(18)，所述压紧装置采用L形压紧装置(17)，所述L形压紧装置(17)包括L形压板(21)、第二垫片(22)及紧固螺栓(7)，所述高强卡位层(4)和L形压板(21)抵接，所述L形压板(21)和所述套筒(2)通过紧固螺栓(7)螺纹连接，所述L形压板(21)和套筒 (2)连接处布置第二垫片(22)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的气胀式主动封隔器，其特征在于，所述充气气嘴(8)周向为螺纹结构，所述充气气嘴(8)穿出所述套筒(2)的部位螺纹套接有阀块(12)，所述阀块(12)轴向一侧与所述套筒(2)抵接，所述阀块(12)轴向另一侧抵接有紧固螺母(14)，所述紧固螺母(14)与充气气嘴(8)螺纹套接，所述阀块(12)内部开有单向进气孔(15)，所述单向进气孔(15)贯穿所述充气气嘴(8)的进气通道和阀块(12)，所述单向进气孔(15)进气口和出气口均固接有阀门(13)，所述阀门(13)远离单向进气孔(15)的一端均固接有充气软管，所述充气软管远离所述单向进气孔(15)的一端均连通外部气源。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的气胀式主动封隔器，其特征在于，所述套筒(2)内壁和外壁均开有密封槽(16)，且两个密封槽(16)均与所述充气气嘴(8)同轴设置，所述密封槽(16)内均装有密封垫片，所述密封垫片与所述充气气嘴(8)套接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的气胀式主动封隔器，其特征在于，所述橡胶胶囊(9)未充入填充物质(3)时，高强卡位层(4)和橡胶胶囊(9)的整体厚度尺寸不超过导向块(11)的厚度尺寸。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的气胀式主动封隔器，其特征在于，所述填充物质(3)为气体或液体。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的气胀式主动封隔器，其特征在于，所述导向块(11)靠近端部的一侧设置为自所述套筒(2)内壁到套筒(2)轴线方向的斜面。
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