WO2023201892A1 - 通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的系统和方法 - Google Patents
通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的系统和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- the present disclosure relates to the field of technical detection, and specifically relates to a system and method for monitoring air leakage in a negative pressure system through a hydrophobic pipeline.
- the condenser design vacuum is 4.9kPa, and the negative pressure After the system leaks air, the actual operating vacuum can reach more than 10kPa, and the vacuum tightness has also risend to more than 1000Pa/min, seriously affecting the operating efficiency of thermal power plants.
- the principle of the soap bubble leak detection method is to apply soap bubbles on the outside of the negative pressure system pipeline where leakage is suspected, observe whether the soap bubbles become smaller, and determine whether there is air sucked into the negative pressure system.
- the disadvantage is: due to the negative pressure system It is huge, with a large number of welds, valves, flanges, elbows, equipment interfaces, insulation, etc. The actual pipelines on site are stacked, making it impossible to inspect every place with soap bubbles. Moreover, this method of inspection involves a huge amount of work. In many cases, due to pipeline Foam molding is difficult when the temperature is high, and inspection conditions are not available.
- the principle of the helium gas spectrometer leak detection method is to spray helium gas on the outside of the negative pressure system pipeline where leakage is suspected, and detect the helium gas spectrometer at the vacuum pump outlet of the negative pressure system to check whether the sprayed helium gas enters the negative pressure system. Pressure system to determine whether there is a hole in the suspected target location for air intake.
- the disadvantage of this method is that because helium is lighter in density, after the spray reaches the target position, the helium that continues to float upward is easily sucked into the system by the upper negative pressure leakage location, and there are many negative pressure systems on the lower side of the low-pressure cylinder of the thermal power unit. The air sucked into the shaft seal at the end of the low-pressure cylinder is prone to entrain helium gas that is constantly floating upward, and eventually reaches the helium gas spectrometer, causing misjudgment in leak detection.
- the principle of the ultrasonic positioning method is that the sound leaking into the air through the negative pressure system has a higher frequency (usually within the ultrasonic spectrum range), and the location of the air leakage and howling is quickly located through ultrasonic multi-angle positioning.
- the disadvantages of this method are: the noise of the units operating on site is complex and difficult to locate. Except for the obvious leaks in independent locations that can be successfully inspected, it is difficult to inspect the stacked positions of other pipes, insulation, equipment, and valves.
- the present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art, at least to a certain extent.
- the purpose of this disclosure is to propose a system and method for monitoring air leakage in a negative pressure system through drain pipes. According to the characteristics of the negative pressure system, it can quickly detect whether there is air leakage in the tube bundle, thereby reducing the vacuum of the thermal power unit. System leak checking workload.
- the present disclosure proposes a system for monitoring air leakage in a negative pressure system through a drain pipe, including:
- Sampling pipe one end of the sampling pipe is connected to the hydrophobic pipe of the negative pressure system, and one end is connected to a condensation separation tank, so that the sample entering from the negative pressure system is condensed and separated through the condensation separation tank, and the condensation separation tank is in Equipped with condensation level gauge;
- a dissolved oxygen detection tank which is connected to a dissolved oxygen detector and the condensation separation tank to detect the oxygen content in the water separated in the condensation separation tank through the dissolved oxygen detector;
- a vacuum main pipe, the dissolved oxygen detection tank is connected to the vacuum main pipe, and the vacuum main pipe is connected to a vacuum pump;
- Gas analyzer the gas analyzer is connected to the condensation separation tank and the vacuum main pipe, and a dryer is provided between the gas analyzer and the condensation separation tank to detect the gas through the gas analyzer.
- the content of non-condensable gas separated in the condensation separation tank is not limited.
- the sampling pipe is provided with a sampling valve and an inlet valve in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end.
- a water discharge pipeline is connected between the dissolved oxygen detection tank and the vacuum main pipe.
- a liquid turbine flowmeter and a water discharge valve are provided on the water discharge pipeline.
- the liquid turbine flowmeter is close to the
- the dissolved oxygen detection tank is configured to detect the flow rate of water flowing through the water discharge pipe through the liquid turbine flowmeter.
- a first vacuum valve is provided on the water discharge pipeline, and the first vacuum valve is provided between the water discharge valve and the vacuum main pipe.
- an exhaust pipeline is connected between the gas analyzer and the vacuum main pipe, and a gas turbine flowmeter and an exhaust valve are provided on the exhaust pipeline.
- the gas turbine flowmeter Set up close to the gas analyzer.
- a second vacuum valve is provided on the exhaust pipeline, and the second vacuum valve is provided between the exhaust valve and the vacuum main pipe.
- the present disclosure proposes a method for monitoring air leakage in a negative pressure system through a drain pipe, including:
- the dissolved oxygen index in the accumulated water is measured to determine the negative pressure system Whether there is air leakage;
- Non-condensable gas measure the oxygen concentration in the accumulated non-condensable gas and the dissolved oxygen index in the accumulated water;
- the liquid level and water flow status in the condensation separation tank are obtained, the drain valve is adjusted so that the remaining liquid is drained cleanly, and a certain amount of water is accumulated in the condensation separation tank by separating the sample, including :
- the drain valve When the liquid level is ⁇ 0, the drain valve will be opened to a certain opening for a period of time. When the liquid level in the condensation separation tank is ⁇ 50%, the drain valve will be closed to a certain opening until condensation separation. When the liquid level in the tank is >50%, open the drain valve to a certain opening;
- the drain valve When the liquid level is >0, the drain valve is directly opened to a certain opening;
- the water discharge valve is opened to a certain opening for a period of time, and the cumulative water flow value of the liquid turbine flowmeter is measured.
- the water discharge valve is opened to a certain opening until The cumulative water flow value is greater than 2 times the upstream volume of the liquid turbine flowmeter.
- the exhaust valve on the exhaust pipeline is opened, the liquid level in the condensation separation tank and the gas flow state of the non-condensable gas are obtained, and the exhaust valve is adjusted to drain away the remaining non-condensable gas. And a certain amount of non-condensable gas is accumulated in the condensation separation tank by separating the sample, and the oxygen concentration in the accumulated non-condensable gas and the dissolved oxygen index in the accumulated water are measured, including:
- determining whether the negative pressure system is leaking based on the oxygen concentration and the dissolved oxygen index includes:
- the negative pressure system does not leak.
- Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for monitoring air leakage in a negative pressure system through a drainage pipe proposed by an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Figure 2 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring air leakage in a negative pressure system through a drain pipe proposed by another embodiment of the present disclosure
- Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for monitoring air leakage in a negative pressure system through a drain pipe proposed by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a system for monitoring air leakage in a negative pressure system through a drainage pipeline includes a sampling pipe 1, a dissolved oxygen detection tank 2, a vacuum main pipe 3 and a gas analyzer 4.
- One end of the sampling pipe 1 is connected to the drainage pipe of the negative pressure system.
- the pipeline is connected, and one end is connected to the condensation separation tank 5 to condensate and separate the samples entering from the negative pressure system through the condensation separation tank 5.
- a condensation liquid level gauge 6 is provided in the condensation separation tank 5. That is to say, due to the load of the thermal power unit The pressure system will eventually flow into the condenser.
- Sampling pipes 1 can be installed in each pipe
- the samples taken may all be water samples, or It may be a mixture of water and water vapor, or it may be all water vapor.
- the dissolved oxygen detection tank 2 is connected to the dissolved oxygen detector 7 and the condensation separation tank 5 to detect the oxygen content in the water separated in the condensation separation tank 5 through the dissolved oxygen detector 7, that is to say, when there is air leakage in the negative pressure system , the sample contains oxygen.
- the sample After condensation and separation in the condensation separation tank 5, the sample is divided into the upper layer of non-condensable gas and the lower layer of water in the condensation separation tank 5.
- the water may contain a certain amount of water.
- the dissolved oxygen detection tank 2 is connected to the vacuum main pipe 3, the vacuum main pipe 3 is connected to the vacuum pump, the gas analyzer 4 is connected to the condensation separation tank 5 and the vacuum main pipe 3, and the gas analyzer 4 and the condensation separation tank 5 are arranged between There is a dryer 8 to detect the content of the non-condensable gas separated in the condensation separation tank 5 through the gas analyzer 4.
- the vacuum pump can provide power so that the sampling pipe 1 can sample from the negative pressure system, and after measurement The liquid water of Determine the oxygen content in non-condensable gas to determine whether the negative pressure system is leaking.
- the sampling pipe 1 is provided with a sampling valve 9 and an inlet valve 10 in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end.
- a water discharge pipeline is connected between the dissolved oxygen detection tank 2 and the vacuum main pipe 3.
- a liquid turbine flowmeter 11 and a water discharge valve 12 are provided on the water discharge pipeline.
- the liquid turbine flowmeter 11 is close to the dissolved oxygen detection tank. 2 is set to detect the flow rate of water flowing through the water discharge pipe through the liquid turbine flow meter 11.
- liquid turbine flow meter 11 can measure the amount of water flowing out of the dissolved oxygen detection tank 2 .
- a first vacuum valve is provided on the water discharge pipeline.
- the first vacuum valve is provided between the water discharge valve 12 and the vacuum main pipe 3. After the first vacuum valve is opened, the vacuum pump can be powered. Drive sampling tube 1 to sample.
- an exhaust pipeline is connected between the gas analyzer 4 and the vacuum main pipe 3.
- a gas turbine flowmeter 13 and an exhaust valve 14 are provided on the exhaust pipeline.
- the gas turbine flowmeter 13 is close to the gas analyzer. Instrument 4 settings.
- a second vacuum valve is provided on the exhaust pipeline, and the second vacuum valve is arranged between the exhaust valve 14 and the vacuum main pipe 3 .
- the system has the function of online automatic analysis, and the inlet valve 10, the water discharge valve 12, and the exhaust valve 14 can be controlled by the control system to open, close, and stop, and have valve position feedback capabilities.
- the liquid turbine flowmeter 11 and the gas turbine flowmeter 13 have the function of measuring the flow rate and transmitting it to the control system.
- the control system has the integral calculation capability to count the volume flow rate of the fluid.
- the condensation liquid level meter 6 has the function of transmitting the liquid level to the control system.
- the gas analyzer 4 has the ability to transmit data to the control system, so that the control system can record and judge whether there is excessive oxygen, so as to further judge the Is there any phenomenon of air being sucked into the negative pressure system in the drain pipe?
- the liquid level gauge 5 of the condensation separation tank Observe the liquid level gauge 5 of the condensation separation tank and the status inside the tank. If the sample is liquid water, adjust the drain valve 12 appropriately to maintain the flow rate and measure the dissolved oxygen index of the water in the dissolved oxygen detection tank 2 (at this time, since there is no non-condensable gas, there is no need to detect the oxygen concentration index of the non-condensable gas); if the sample is taken If it is a mixture of steam and water, then close the drain valve 12 appropriately so that the condensation separation tank 5 accumulates liquid and generates a water level.
- the dissolved oxygen index of the water in the dissolved oxygen detection tank 2 can be measured; if the sample is steam, close the The small drain valve 12 is used to allow the condensation separation tank 5 to accumulate liquid and generate a water level. After the water level is established, the dissolved oxygen index of the water in the dissolved oxygen detection tank 2 can be measured.
- a method of monitoring air leakage from a negative pressure system through a drain pipe including the following processes:
- Step 1 Open the inlet valve 10 in the sampling pipe 1 connected to the drainage pipe of the negative pressure system, so that the sample in the negative pressure system enters the condensation separation tank 5 through the sampling pipe 1 for condensation separation.
- Step 2 Obtain the liquid level and water flow status in the condensation separation tank 5, and adjust the drain valve 12 so that the remaining liquid is drained cleanly and a certain amount of water is accumulated in the condensation separation tank 5 by separating the sample.
- the samples in the negative pressure system can enter the condensation through the sampling pipe 1. While condensation and separation is performed to generate water in the separation tank 5, the water in the condensation separation tank 5 can also be discharged. After the water remaining in the condensation separation tank 5 is discharged, a certain amount will accumulate in the condensation separation tank 5 when sampling is continued. of water.
- Step 3 Adjust the water release valve 12 so that the liquid level of the water accumulated in the condensation separation tank 5 reaches a certain range and maintains it for a period of time. When the liquid level remains unchanged, determine the negative pressure by measuring the dissolved oxygen index in the accumulated water. Is there an air leak in the system?
- the condensation separation tank 5 when the water in the condensation separation tank 5 reaches a certain range, it can be ensured that the water in the condensation separation tank 5 will not flow out from the exhaust pipe, nor will it be too little.
- the condensation separation tank 5 If there is non-condensable gas in the tank, the non-condensable gas may be discharged from the water discharge pipe.
- the liquid level in the condensation separation tank 5 remains unchanged within a certain range, it means that the sample sampled by the sampling tube 1 is a water sample and there is no abnormality. Condensable gas, at this time, you can directly determine whether the negative pressure system is leaking by measuring the dissolved oxygen index in the water sample.
- Step 4 When the liquid level drops by a certain value, open the exhaust valve 14 on the exhaust pipe;
- the liquid level and water flow status in the condensation separation tank 5 are obtained, and the drain valve 12 is adjusted so that the remaining liquid is drained cleanly and a certain amount of water is accumulated in the condensation separation tank 5 by separating the sample.
- the specific process is as follows:
- the liquid level in the condensation separation tank 5 is detected by the condensation liquid level gauge 6.
- the water discharge valve 12 is opened to a certain degree for a period of time.
- the liquid level in the condensation separation tank 5 is ⁇ 50%, the water is discharged.
- Valve 12 is closed to a certain opening until the liquid level in the condensation separation tank is >50%, and the drain valve is opened to a certain opening;
- the drain valve 12 When the liquid level is >0, the drain valve 12 is directly opened to a certain opening;
- the drain valve 12 is opened to a certain opening for 5 seconds, and the accumulated water flow value of the liquid turbine flowmeter 11 is measured.
- the drain valve is opened to a certain opening.
- the upstream volume is the volume of the container and pipeline that can store the liquid from the sampling pipe 1 to the liquid turbine flowmeter 11.
- the cumulative flow When it is greater than 2 times the volume of the upstream volume of the liquid turbine flowmeter 11, it means that all water in the upstream volume has been discharged, and a certain amount of liquid has accumulated after discharge.
- the discharged water The condensation separation tank 5 may be used to separate the accumulated water through condensation.
- liquid level needs to be adjusted by setting the opening of the drain valve 12, as explained below with a specific example:
- the liquid level in the condensation separation tank 5 is detected by the condensation liquid level gauge 6.
- the water discharge valve 12 is opened about 50% for a period of time.
- the liquid level in the condensation separation tank 5 is ⁇ 50%, the water is discharged. Close valve 12 by about 2% until the liquid level in the condensation separation tank is >50%, and open the drain valve by about 2%;
- the drain valve 12 When the liquid level is >0, the drain valve 12 is directly opened by about 2%;
- the liquid level When the liquid level is maintained within the range of ⁇ 5%, then record the dissolved oxygen index of the dissolved oxygen detection tank for 5 minutes. , and continuously record and measure the liquid level in the condensation separation tank 5 within 5 minutes.
- the liquid level When the liquid level is maintained within the range of ⁇ 5%, it means that the sample is a water sample. At this time, it can be directly judged based on the measured dissolved oxygen index. Whether the negative pressure system leaks air, that is to say, compare the measured dissolved oxygen index with the operating guidance condensate dissolved oxygen index. When the measured dissolved oxygen index is higher than the operating guidance condensate dissolved oxygen index, it means there is air leakage.
- the measured dissolved oxygen index is not higher than the dissolved oxygen index of the condensate in the operation guide, it means there is no air leakage.
- the liquid level in the condensation separation tank 5 is measured to drop by about 10% during the 5-minute detection process, it means the condensation in the condensation separation tank 5 has increased. If there is non-condensable gas, at this time, the exhaust valve 14 is opened to perform exhaust processing, and the oxygen concentration in the non-condensable gas in the condensation separation tank 5 is measured.
- the exhaust valve 14 on the exhaust pipeline is opened, the liquid level in the condensation separation tank 5 and the gas flow state of the non-condensable gas are obtained, and the exhaust valve 14 is adjusted to discharge the remaining non-condensable gas. It is clean and a certain amount of non-condensable gas is accumulated in the condensation separation tank 5 by separating the sample, and the oxygen concentration in the accumulated non-condensable gas and the dissolved oxygen index in the accumulated water are measured.
- the specific process is as follows:
- the exhaust valve is opened by about 2% and held for 2 seconds, the cumulative flow value of the gas turbine flowmeter 13 is measured, and the liquid level in the condensation separation tank 5 is measured.
- the exhaust valve opens 14. Turn it down by about 0.2% and hold it for 2 seconds until the liquid level remains unchanged.
- the exhaust valve opens by about 0.2% and hold it for 2 seconds until the liquid level remains unchanged.
- the cumulative flow rate of the non-condensable gas The value should be greater than 2 times the upstream volume.
- Record the dissolved oxygen index The gas analyzer records the oxygen concentration. Based on the oxygen concentration and dissolved oxygen index, determine whether the negative pressure system is leaking.
- the above-mentioned opening or closing values of the exhaust valve 14 and the water discharge valve 12 are not limited to the values given in the above embodiments, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation, as long as the condensation separation tank 5 can be maintained.
- the liquid level will not be completely blocked by the downstream drain valve 12 or the exhaust valve 14 is opened too large, causing the water level to drop too small, or the water level to rise to fill the separation tank, thereby losing the original gas-water separation function of the condensation separation tank 5.
- whether the negative pressure system is leaking is determined based on the oxygen concentration and the dissolved oxygen index, as follows:
- the negative pressure system does not leak.
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Abstract
一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的系统。系统包括取样管（1）、溶氧检测罐（2）、抽真空母管（3）、气体分析仪（4），取样管（1）一端与负压系统的疏水管道连接，一端连接冷凝分离罐（5），以通过冷凝分离罐（5）对从负压系统进入的样品进行冷凝分离，冷凝分离罐（5）中设置有冷凝液位计（6），溶氧检测罐（2）连接溶氧检测仪（7）和冷凝分离罐（5），以通过溶氧检测仪（7）检测冷凝分离罐（5）中分离得到的水中的氧气含量，溶氧检测罐（2）连接抽真空母管（3），抽真空母管（3）连接真空泵，气体分析仪（4）连接冷凝分离罐（5）和抽真空母管（3），气体分析仪（4）和冷凝分离罐（5）之间设置有干燥器（8）。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年4月21日在中国提交的中国专利申请号202210425105.6的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
本公开涉及技术检测领域，具体涉及一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的系统和方法。
火电机组汽轮机负压侧经常发生泄漏进空气的情况，该情况对火电机组的经济性带来负面作用，以具备代表性的纯凝火力发电机组来说，凝汽器设计真空4.9kPa，负压系统泄漏空气后实际运行的真空可达10kPa以上，真空严密性也飙升至1000Pa/min以上，严重影响火力发电企业的经营效益。
通常情况下，负压系统泄漏空气需要通过肥皂泡检漏法、氦气质谱仪检漏法、超声波定位检漏法等方式检查，定位具体泄漏空气的位置，并实施堵漏处理。但以上检查和定位的方法均存在一定的缺陷，不便于现场实施。
肥皂泡检漏法的原理是，通过在怀疑泄漏的负压系统管路外侧涂抹肥皂泡，观察肥皂泡是否变小，判断该处是否有空气吸入负压系统，其缺陷是：因负压系统庞大，焊缝、阀门、法兰、弯头、设备接口、保温等数量众多，现场实际管路堆叠，无法对每一处都涂抹肥皂泡检查，且该方式检查工程量巨大，很多时候因管道温度较高泡沫成型困难，不具备检查条件。
氦气质谱仪检漏法的原理是，通过在怀疑泄漏的负压系统管路外侧喷扫氦气，检测负压系统真空泵出口处的氦气质谱仪检查，所喷扫的氦气是否进入负压系统，从而判断所怀疑的目标位置是否有吸入空气的孔洞。该方式的缺陷是：因氦气密度较轻，喷扫到目标位置后，继续往上漂浮的氦气容易被上层负压泄漏位置吸入系统，且火电机组低压缸下侧负压系统较多，低压缸端轴封处吸入的空气容易卷吸不断向上漂浮的氦气，最终到达氦气质谱仪，引起查漏误判。
超声波定位法的原理是，通过负压系统泄漏进空气的声音频率较高的特点(通常在超声波频谱范围内)，通过超声波多角度定位的方式，快速定位泄漏空气并啸叫的位置。该方 式的缺陷是：现场运行的机组噪声复杂，定位困难，除较为明显的独立位置泄漏能够顺利检查外，其余管道、保温、设备、阀门堆叠的位置，检查困难。即便缩小视野，进入相对较小的空间检查，也常常因声波的折射与衍射无法检查和定位；更有甚者，设备的高频振动往往也会被超声波定位仪误检测为泄漏空气位置。
以上检漏措施均存在一定的缺陷，且查找泄漏位置的工作量巨大，急需寻找一种简易且快速可靠的方式检测泄漏空气的相对位置，缩小检查范围并定位泄漏点。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。
为此，本公开的目的在于提出一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的系统和方法，其根据负压系统的特点，能够快速检测管束内是否存在泄漏进来的空气，从而减少火电机组真空系统泄漏检查的工作量。
为达到上述目的，本公开提出了一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的系统，包括：
取样管，所述取样管一端与负压系统的疏水管道连接，一端连接冷凝分离罐，以通过所述冷凝分离罐对从所述负压系统进入的样品进行冷凝分离，所述冷凝分离罐中设置有冷凝液位计；
溶氧检测罐，所述溶氧检测罐连接溶氧检测仪和所述冷凝分离罐，以通过所述溶氧检测仪检测所述冷凝分离罐中分离得到的水中的氧气含量；
抽真空母管，所述溶氧检测罐连接所述抽真空母管，所述抽真空母管连接真空泵；
气体分析仪，所述气体分析仪连接所述冷凝分离罐和所述抽真空母管，所述气体分析仪和所述冷凝分离罐之间设置有干燥器，以通过所述气体分析仪检测所述冷凝分离罐中分离得到的不凝性气体的含量。
在一些实施例中，所述取样管从进口端到出口端依次设置有取样阀和进口阀。
在一些实施例中，所述溶氧检测罐与所述抽真空母管之间连接有放水管路，所述放水管路上设置有液体涡轮流量计和放水阀，所述液体涡轮流量计靠近所述溶氧检测罐设置，以通过所述液体涡轮流量计检测流经所述放水管路的水的流量。
在一些实施例中，所述放水管路上设置有第一抽真空阀，所述第一抽真空阀设置在所述放水阀和所述抽真空母管之间。
在一些实施例中，所述气体分析仪和所述抽真空母管之间连接有排气管路，所述排气管路上设置有气体涡轮流量计和排气阀，所述气体涡轮流量计靠近所述气体分析仪设置。
在一些实施例中，所述排气管路上设置有第二抽真空阀，所述第二抽真空阀设置在所 述排气阀和所述抽真空母管之间。
为达到上述目的，本公开提出了一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的方法，包括：
打开连接负压系统疏水管道的取样管中的进口阀，以使所述负压系统中的样品通过所述取样管进入冷凝分离罐中进行冷凝分离；
获取冷凝分离罐中的液位以及水流状态，调节放水阀，以使残留的液体排干净并且所述冷凝分离罐中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的水；
调节所述放水阀使得所述冷凝分离罐中积存的水的液位至一定范围后保持一段时间，当液位维持不变时，通过测定积存的水中的溶氧指标以确定所述负压系统是否漏气；
当液位下降一定值时，打开排气管路上的排气阀；
获取冷凝分离罐中的液位以及不凝性气体的气流状态，调节排气阀，以使残留的不凝性气体排干净并且所述冷凝分离罐中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的不凝性气体，测定积存的不凝性气体中氧气浓度以及积存的水中的溶氧指标；
根据所述氧气浓度和所述溶氧指标确定所述负压系统是否漏气。
在一些实施例中，所述获取冷凝分离罐中的液位以及水流状态，调节放水阀，以使残留的液体排干净并且所述冷凝分离罐中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的水，包括：
获取冷凝分离罐中的液位，当液位<0时，放水阀开大一定开度一段时间后，冷凝分离罐中的液位<50％时，放水阀关小一定开度，直到冷凝分离罐中的液位>50％，放水阀开大一定开度；
当液位>0时，放水阀直接开大一定开度；
所述放水阀开大一定开度一段时间，测定液体涡轮流量计的累计水流量值，当累计水流量值小于液体涡轮流量计上游容积体积的2倍时，放水阀开大一定开度，直到累计水流量值大于液体涡轮流量计上游容积体积的2倍。
在一些实施例中，所述打开排气管路上的排气阀，获取冷凝分离罐中的液位以及不凝性气体的气流状态，调节排气阀，以使残留的不凝性气体排干净并且所述冷凝分离罐中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的不凝性气体，测定积存的不凝性气体中氧气浓度以及积存的水中的溶氧指标，包括：
打开排气阀一段时间后，测定气体涡轮流量计的累计流量值以及冷凝分离罐中的液位，调节排气阀以使冷凝分离罐中的液位不变并且不凝性气体的累计流量值大于上游容积体积的2倍，测定积存的不凝性气体中氧气浓度以及积存的水中的溶氧指标。
在一些实施例中，所述根据所述氧气浓度和所述溶氧指标确定所述负压系统是否漏气，包括：
当氧气浓度大于0和/或所述溶氧指标高于运行指导凝结水溶氧指标时，所述负压系统泄漏；
当氧气浓度等于0且所述溶氧指标不高于运行指导凝结水溶氧指标时，所述负压系统不泄漏。
本公开附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本公开的实践了解到。
本公开上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本公开一实施例提出的一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的系统的结构示意图；
图2是本公开另一实施例提出的一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的方法的流程图；
附图标记
1、取样管；2、溶氧检测罐；3、抽真空母管；4、气体分析仪；5、冷凝分离罐；6、冷凝液位计；7、溶氧检测仪；8、干燥器；9、取样阀；10、进口阀；11、液体涡轮流量计；12、放水阀；13、气体涡轮流量计；14、排气阀。
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。相反，本公开的实施例包括落入所附加权利要求书的精神和内涵范围内的所有变化、修改和等同物。
图1是本公开一实施例提出的一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的系统的结构示意图。
参见图1，一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的系统，包括取样管1、溶氧检测罐2、抽真空母管3和气体分析仪4，取样管1一端与负压系统的疏水管道连接，一端连接冷凝分离罐5，以通过冷凝分离罐5对从负压系统进入的样品进行冷凝分离，冷凝分离罐5中设置有冷凝液位计6，也就是说，由于火电机组的负压系统最终均汇入凝汽器，可以在负压系统各管道|(凝汽器附近)安装取样管1，通过取样管1从负压系统中取样，取的样品可能全是水样，也可能是水和水蒸气的混合物，也可能全是水蒸气，当样品进入冷凝分 离罐5中后，水蒸气会冷却形成液体水。溶氧检测罐2连接溶氧检测仪7和冷凝分离罐5，以通过溶氧检测仪7检测冷凝分离罐5中分离得到的水中的氧气含量，也就是说，当负压系统中漏气时，样品中含有氧气，在冷凝分离罐5中进行冷凝分离后，样品在冷凝分离罐5中分成上层的不凝性气体以及下层的水，其中水中可能会含有一定量的水，通过测定液态水中的溶氧指标，当液态水中的溶氧指标高于运行指导凝结水溶氧指标时，则说明负压系统中漏气，漏气进入的氧气融入了液态水中。另外，溶氧检测罐2连接抽真空母管3，抽真空母管3连接真空泵，气体分析仪4连接冷凝分离罐5和抽真空母管3，气体分析仪4和冷凝分离罐5之间设置有干燥器8，以通过气体分析仪4检测冷凝分离罐5中分离得到的不凝性气体的含量，通过真空泵的作用能够提供动力，使得取样管1能够从负压系统中取样，并且测定后的液态水也能够排出，同时，当冷凝分离罐5对样品进行冷凝分离后上层有不凝性气体时，此时通过干燥器8对不凝性气体进行干燥后，然后通过气体分析仪4能够测定不凝性气体中氧气的含量，进而确定负压系统是否漏气。
在一些实施例中，取样管1从进口端到出口端依次设置有取样阀9和进口阀10。
可以理解的是，在取样开始时，通过打开取样阀9和进口阀10，使得负压系统中的液态水和/或水蒸气进入冷凝分离罐5中进行冷凝分离。在一些实施例中，溶氧检测罐2与抽真空母管3之间连接有放水管路，放水管路上设置有液体涡轮流量计11和放水阀12，液体涡轮流量计11靠近溶氧检测罐2设置，以通过液体涡轮流量计11检测流经放水管路的水的流量。
可以理解的是，液体涡轮流量计11能够测量溶氧检测罐2中流出的水量。
在一些实施例中，放水管路上设置有第一抽真空阀，第一抽真空阀设置在放水阀12和抽真空母管3之间，通过第一抽真空阀打开后，能够实现真空泵提供动力驱动取样管1进行取样。
在一些实施例中，气体分析仪4和抽真空母管3之间连接有排气管路，排气管路上设置有气体涡轮流量计13和排气阀14，气体涡轮流量计13靠近气体分析仪4设置。
另外，排气管路上设置有第二抽真空阀，第二抽真空阀设置在排气阀14和抽真空母管3之间。
可以理解的是，系统具备在线自动分析的功能，且进口阀10、放水阀12、排气阀14可由控制系统控制其开、关和中停功能，并具备阀位反馈能力。液体涡轮流量计11、气体涡轮流量计13具备测量流量和传输至控制系统的功能，控制系统具备积分计算能力，以便统计流体的体积流量，冷凝液位计6具备将液位传输至控制系统的能力，以便控制系统感知冷凝分离罐5液位，溶氧检测,7、气体分析仪4具备将数据传输至控制系统的能力，以便控制系统记录和判断是否存在氧气超标的现象，以便进一步判断该疏水管道是否出现空 气吸入负压系统的现象。
综上可知，可以按照以下顺序操作检测疏水取样中是否含有超标的氧气成分。
打开进口阀10；
打开放水阀12，观察冷凝分离罐5液位及溶氧检测罐2内水流状态，并将溶氧检测罐2及上游冷凝分离罐5和管路内余水排尽(若有)，通过液体涡轮流量11计判断是否排尽上次检测并残留的液体或气体。
观察冷凝分离罐5液位计及罐内状态。若取样为液态水，则适当调整放水阀12保持流速并测量溶氧检测罐2内水的溶氧指标(此时，因无不凝性气体，无需检测不凝性气体氧浓度指标)；若取样为汽水混合物，则适当关小放水阀12，以使冷凝分离罐5积液并产生水位，水位建立后，便可测量溶氧检测罐2内水的溶氧指标；若取样为蒸汽，则关小放水阀12，以使冷凝分离罐5积液并产生水位，水位建立后，便可测量溶氧检测罐2内水的溶氧指标。
若冷凝分离罐5内水位已经建立，并积攒了不凝性气体，则缓慢打开排气阀14，并维持冷凝分离罐5液位，待气体涡轮流量计13显示气侧管路内上次检测残留的气体已经排除，则开始读数气体分析仪读数，检测不凝性气体中氧气浓度。
根据水侧溶氧指标和不凝性气体中氧气浓度判断该管路中是否含有超标的氧气，并判断该负压管路是否已经出现了泄漏点并吸入进了空气的现象(可与凝结水溶氧指标对比判断)。
参阅图2，在一些实施例中，还公开了一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的方法，包括如下过程：
步骤1、打开连接负压系统疏水管道的取样管1中的进口阀10，以使负压系统中的样品通过所述取样管1进入冷凝分离罐5中进行冷凝分离。
具体来说，开始时所有阀门均关闭，打开取样阀9、第一抽真空阀和第二抽真空阀，打开进口阀10，启动测量仪器和数据采集系统，负压系统中的样品进入冷凝分离罐5中进行冷凝分离。
步骤2、获取冷凝分离罐5中的液位以及水流状态，调节放水阀12，以使残留的液体排干净并且冷凝分离罐5中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的水。
也就是说，可能冷凝分离罐5中以及相应的管路中本身在前次使用后里边可能存储有一定量的水，通过打开放水阀12能够使得负压系统中的样品能够通过取样管1进入冷凝分离罐5中进行冷凝分离生成水的同时，还能将冷凝分离罐5中的水排出，在冷凝分离罐5中残存的水排出后，持续进行取样时，冷凝分离罐5中会积存一定量的水。
步骤3：调节放水阀12使得冷凝分离罐5中积存的水的液位至一定范围后保持一段时 间，当液位维持不变时，通过测定积存的水中的溶氧指标以确定所述负压系统是否漏气。
可以理解的是，当冷凝分离罐5中也为达到一定范围时，能够保障冷凝分离罐5中的水不会太多而从排气管路流出，也不会太少，当冷凝分离罐5中如有不凝性气体时，不凝性气体可能会从放水管路排出，当冷凝分离罐5中液位在一定范围维持不变时，说明取样管1取样的样品为水样，没有不凝性气体，此时，可以直接通过测定水样中溶氧指标即可确定负压系统是否漏气。
步骤4：当液位下降一定值时，打开排气管路上的排气阀14；
获取冷凝分离罐5中的液位以及不凝性气体的气流状态，调节排气阀14，以使残留的不凝性气体排干净并且冷凝分离罐5中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的不凝性气体，测定积存的不凝性气体中氧气浓度以及积存的水中的溶氧指标；
根据所述氧气浓度和所述溶氧指标确定所述负压系统是否漏气。
可以理解的是，当冷凝分离罐5中的液位下降时，说明冷凝分离罐5中进入了不凝性气体，此时，对于泄露检测需要检测不凝性气体中氧气浓度，但是在系统使用前可能冷凝分离罐5中也存留一定量的不凝性气体，此时通过打开排气阀14能够将其中的不凝性气体排出，并且冷凝分离后的不凝性气体进行积存，然后通过检测积存的不凝性气体中氧气浓度以及积存的水中的溶氧指标能够确定负压系统是否漏气。
在一些实施例中，获取冷凝分离罐5中的液位以及水流状态，调节放水阀12，以使残留的液体排干净并且冷凝分离罐5中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的水，具体过程如下：
通过冷凝液位计6检测获取冷凝分离罐5中的液位，当液位<0时，放水阀12开大一定开度一段时间后，冷凝分离罐5中的液位<50％时，放水阀12关小一定开度，直到冷凝分离罐中的液位>50％，放水阀开大一定开度；
当液位>0时，放水阀12直接开大一定开度；
放水阀12开大一定开度持续5s，测定液体涡轮流量计11的累计水流量值，当累计水流量值小于液体涡轮流量计11上游容积体积的2倍时，放水阀开大一定开度，直到累计水流量值大于液体涡轮流量计11上游容积体积的2倍，上游容积体积也就是从取样管1到液体涡轮流量计11之间的液体能够存储的容器和管路的体积，当累计流量大于于液体涡轮流量计11上游容积体积的2倍时，说明上游容积中无论是否有水已经全部排出，并且排出后还进行了一定液体的积累，当上游容积中没有残留水时，排出的水可以是冷凝分离罐5通过冷凝分离积存的水。
可以理解的是，需要通过放水阀12的开度设置调节液位，下面以具体的示例进行说明：
通过冷凝液位计6检测获取冷凝分离罐5中的液位，当液位<0时，放水阀12开大50％左右一段时间后，冷凝分离罐5中的液位<50％时，放水阀12关小2％左右，直到冷凝分离 罐中的液位>50％，放水阀开大2％左右；
当液位>0时，放水阀12直接开大2％左右；
放水阀12开大2％左右持续5s，测定液体涡轮流量计11的累计水流量值，当累计水流量值小于液体涡轮流量计11上游容积体积的2倍时，放水阀开大1％左右，直到累计水流量值大于液体涡轮流量计11上游容积体积的2倍。
在累计水流量值大于液体涡轮流量计11上游容积体积的2倍时，继续保持5s，测定冷凝分离罐5中的液位，当液位下降10％左右，放水阀关小2％左右一段时间后直到冷凝分离罐5中的液位维持在±5％范围内，当液位上升10％左右，放水阀开大2％左右一段时间后直到冷凝分离罐5中的液位维持在±5％范围内，测定冷凝分离罐5中水中的溶氧指标一段时间，同时测定冷凝分离罐中5的液位，当液位维持在±5％范围内时，然后记录溶氧检测罐溶氧指标5min，并且在5min内持续的记录测定冷凝分离罐5中的液位，当液位一直维持在±5％范围内时，说明取样的样品为水样，此时可以直接根据测定的溶氧指标判断所述负压系统是否漏气，也就是说，将测定的溶氧指标与运行指导凝结水溶氧指标进行比较，当测定的溶氧指标高于运行指导凝结水溶氧指标时，说明漏气，当测定的溶氧指标不高于运行指导凝结水溶氧指标时，说明不漏气，当5min的检测过程中测定冷凝分离罐5中的液位下降10％左右时，说明冷凝分离罐5中冷凝增加有不凝性气体，此时通过打开排气阀14，进行排气处理，并且测定冷凝分离罐5中不凝性气体中的氧气浓度。
在一些实施例中，打开排气管路上的排气阀14，获取冷凝分离罐5中的液位以及不凝性气体的气流状态，调节排气阀14，以使残留的不凝性气体排干净并且所述冷凝分离罐5中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的不凝性气体，测定积存的不凝性气体中氧气浓度以及积存的水中的溶氧指标，具体过程如下：
打开排气阀14保持2s，测定气体涡轮流量计13的累计流量值以及冷凝分离罐5中的液位，调节排气阀14以使冷凝分离罐5中的液位不变并且不凝性气体的累计流量值大于上游容积体积的2倍，测定积存的不凝性气体中氧气浓度以及积存的水中的溶氧指标。
具体来说，将排气阀开大2％左右保持2s，测定气体涡轮流量计13的累计流量值，并且测定冷凝分离罐5中的液位，当液位上涨2％左右时，排气阀14关小0.2％左右保持2s直到液位保持不变，当液位下降2％左右时，排气阀开大0.2％左右保持2s直到液位保持不变，然后测定不凝性气体的累计流量值要大于上游容积体积的2倍，记录溶氧指标，气体分析仪记录氧气浓度，根据氧气浓度和溶氧指标判断负压系统是否漏气。
需要说明的是，上述排气阀14以及放水阀12开大或关小的数值不局限于上述实施例中给出的数值，可以根据实际情况进行调节，只要能维持住冷凝分离罐5中的液位，不至于全部被下游放水阀12，或者排气阀14开度过大，导致水位下降小时，或者水位上升充 满分离罐，从而失去冷凝分离罐5原本的气水分离功能。
在一些实施例中，根据氧气浓度和所述溶氧指标确定所述负压系统是否漏气，具体如下：
当氧气浓度大于0和/或溶氧指标高于运行指导凝结水溶氧指标时，负压系统泄漏；
当氧气浓度等于0且所述溶氧指标不高于运行指导凝结水溶氧指标时，所述负压系统不泄漏。
需要说明的是，在本公开的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。此外，在本公开的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
流程图中或在此以其他方式描述的任何过程或方法描述可以被理解为，表示包括一个或更多个用于实现特定逻辑功能或过程的步骤的可执行指令的代码的模块、片段或部分，并且本公开的优选实施方式的范围包括另外的实现，其中可以不按所示出或讨论的顺序，包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序，来执行功能，这应被本公开的实施例所属技术领域的技术人员所理解。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本公开的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (10)
- 一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的系统，包括：取样管，所述取样管一端与负压系统的疏水管道连接，一端连接冷凝分离罐，以通过所述冷凝分离罐对从所述负压系统进入的样品进行冷凝分离，所述冷凝分离罐中设置有冷凝液位计；溶氧检测罐，所述溶氧检测罐连接溶氧检测仪和所述冷凝分离罐，以通过所述溶氧检测仪检测所述冷凝分离罐中分离得到的水中的氧气含量；抽真空母管，所述溶氧检测罐连接所述抽真空母管，所述抽真空母管连接真空泵；气体分析仪，所述气体分析仪连接所述冷凝分离罐和所述抽真空母管，所述气体分析仪和所述冷凝分离罐之间设置有干燥器，以通过所述气体分析仪检测所述冷凝分离罐中分离得到的不凝性气体的含量。
- 如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述取样管从进口端到出口端依次设置有取样阀和进口阀。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的系统，其中所述溶氧检测罐与所述抽真空母管之间连接有放水管路，所述放水管路上设置有液体涡轮流量计和放水阀，所述液体涡轮流量计靠近所述溶氧检测罐设置，以通过所述液体涡轮流量计检测流经所述放水管路的水的流量。
- 如权利要求3所述的系统，其中所述放水管路上设置有第一抽真空阀，所述第一抽真空阀设置在所述放水阀和所述抽真空母管之间。
- 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的系统，其中所述气体分析仪和所述抽真空母管之间连接有排气管路，所述排气管路上设置有气体涡轮流量计和排气阀，所述气体涡轮流量计靠近所述气体分析仪设置。
- 如权利要求5所述的系统，其中所述排气管路上设置有第二抽真空阀，所述第二抽真空阀设置在所述排气阀和所述抽真空母管之间。
- 一种通过疏水管道监测负压系统泄漏空气的方法，包括：打开连接负压系统疏水管道的取样管中的进口阀，以使所述负压系统中的样品通过所述取样管进入冷凝分离罐中进行冷凝分离；获取冷凝分离罐中的液位以及水流状态，调节放水阀，以使残留的液体排干净并且所述冷凝分离罐中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的水；调节所述放水阀使得所述冷凝分离罐中积存的水的液位至一定范围后保持一段时间，当液位维持不变时，通过测定积存的水中的溶氧指标以确定所述负压系统是否漏气；当液位下降一定值时，打开排气管路上的排气阀；获取冷凝分离罐中的液位以及不凝性气体的气流状态，调节排气阀，以使残留的不凝性气体排干净并且所述冷凝分离罐中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的不凝性气体，测定积存的不凝性气体中氧气浓度以及积存的水中的溶氧指标；根据所述氧气浓度和所述溶氧指标确定所述负压系统是否漏气。
- 如权利要求7所述的方法，其中所述获取冷凝分离罐中的液位以及水流状态，调节放水阀，以使残留的液体排干净并且所述冷凝分离罐中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的水，包括：获取冷凝分离罐中的液位，当液位<0时，放水阀开大一定开度一段时间后，冷凝分离罐中的液位<50％时，放水阀关小一定开度，直到冷凝分离罐中的液位>50％，放水阀开大一定开度；当液位>0时，放水阀直接开大一定开度；所述放水阀开大一定开度一段时间，测定液体涡轮流量计的累计水流量值，当累计水流量值小于液体涡轮流量计上游容积体积的2倍时，放水阀开大一定开度，直到累计水流量值大于液体涡轮流量计上游容积体积的2倍。
- 如权利要求7或8所述的方法，其中所述打开排气管路上的排气阀，获取冷凝分离罐中的液位以及不凝性气体的气流状态，调节排气阀，以使残留的不凝性气体排干净并且所述冷凝分离罐中通过分离所述样品积存一定量的不凝性气体，测定积存的不凝性气体中氧气浓度以及积存的水中的溶氧指标，包括：打开排气阀一段时间后，测定气体涡轮流量计的累计流量值以及冷凝分离罐中的液位，调节排气阀以使冷凝分离罐中的液位不变并且不凝性气体的累计流量值大于上游容积体积的2倍，测定积存的不凝性气体中氧气浓度以及积存的水中的溶氧指标。
- 如权利要求7至9中任一项所述的方法，其中所述根据所述氧气浓度和所述溶氧指标确定所述负压系统是否漏气，包括：当氧气浓度大于0和/或所述溶氧指标高于运行指导凝结水溶氧指标时，所述负压系统泄漏；当氧气浓度等于0且所述溶氧指标不高于运行指导凝结水溶氧指标时，所述负压系统不泄漏。
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