WO2023199668A1 - 位相シフトマスクブランクス、位相シフトマスク、及びそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
位相シフトマスクブランクス、位相シフトマスク、及びそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023199668A1 WO2023199668A1 PCT/JP2023/009242 JP2023009242W WO2023199668A1 WO 2023199668 A1 WO2023199668 A1 WO 2023199668A1 JP 2023009242 W JP2023009242 W JP 2023009242W WO 2023199668 A1 WO2023199668 A1 WO 2023199668A1
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- phase shift
- layer
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- etching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/26—Phase shift masks [PSM]; PSM blanks; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/32—Attenuating PSM [att-PSM], e.g. halftone PSM or PSM having semi-transparent phase shift portion; Preparation thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0641—Nitrides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/54—Absorbers, e.g. of opaque materials
- G03F1/58—Absorbers, e.g. of opaque materials having two or more different absorber layers, e.g. stacked multilayer absorbers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/68—Preparation processes not covered by groups G03F1/20 - G03F1/50
- G03F1/80—Etching
Definitions
- the present invention relates to phase shift mask blanks, phase shift masks, and methods of manufacturing them.
- the present invention claims priority of the Japanese patent application number 2022-067715 filed on April 15, 2022, and for designated countries where incorporating by reference to documents is permitted, the contents described in that application are Incorporated into this application by reference.
- phase shift mask in which a phase shift layer made of chromium oxynitride is formed on a transparent substrate (Patent Document 1). It has been desired to improve the quality of phase shift masks.
- a MoSi film with an i-line (365 nm) transmittance of 5% is used as a silicide-based phase shift film. Further, in order to improve the phase shift effect, a film with higher transmittance has been proposed, and a transmittance of up to about 10% can be achieved by increasing the nitrogen content.
- a problem with the MoSi film is that it takes a long time to etch using a wet process. Extending the etching time advances the etching of the glass, making it difficult to control the amount of phase shift. Furthermore, it also leads to an increase in etchant consumption and a decrease in throughput.
- the phase shift mask blank includes a substrate and a first layer formed on the substrate, the first layer comprising zirconium (Zr) and silicon. (Si) and nitrogen (N), and has a transmittance per film thickness of 4% or more and 40% or less that gives a 180° phase shift to light with a wavelength of 365 nm in the first layer. Blanks are provided.
- a phase shift mask blank includes a substrate and a first layer formed on the substrate, the first layer comprising zirconium (Zr) and silicon. (Si), and the first layer has a transmittance of 4% or more per film thickness that gives a 180° phase shift to light with a wavelength of 365 nm. % or less is provided.
- phase shift mask blank comprising a substrate and a first layer formed on the substrate, the first layer comprising zirconium (Zr) and silicon.
- a phase shift mask blank is provided, which is a stacked layer including four or more layers of metal silicide nitride containing (Si), and the first layer has an inclination angle of 55° or more and 90° or less.
- a phase shift mask is provided in which a desired pattern is formed on the phase shift mask blank of any one of the first to third aspects.
- the method for manufacturing phase shift mask blanks includes a film forming step of forming a first layer on a substrate, and in the film forming step, zirconium and silicon are deposited on the substrate.
- a method for manufacturing phase shift mask blanks is provided, in which a nitride layer of metal silicide containing the present invention is formed four or more times to form a first layer.
- a method for manufacturing a phase shift mask wherein the method for manufacturing a phase shift mask blank according to the fifth aspect further includes a pattern forming step of forming a desired pattern. A method is provided.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a phase shift mask according to an embodiment.
- (A) to (E) are diagrams illustrating a method for manufacturing a phase shift mask according to an embodiment.
- 1 is a schematic diagram of an exposure apparatus used in an exposure method according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a manufacturing apparatus for phase shift mask blanks according to an embodiment.
- 3 is a graph showing the transmittance of ZrSi phase shift mask blanks in Examples at a film thickness that gives a 180° phase shift to light with a wavelength of 300 to 600 nm.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the transmittance of a MoSi phase shift mask blank in a comparative example at a film thickness that gives a 180° phase shift to light with a wavelength of 300 to 600 nm.
- the relationship between the sputter gas introduction ratio (Sputter gas ratio: N 2 /(Ar+N 2 )) and the refractive index (Refractive index: n) of the ZrSi phase shift mask blank in the example and the MoSi phase shift mask blank in the comparative example is shown below. This is a graph showing. Relationship between sputter gas introduction ratio (Sputter gas ratio: N 2 /(Ar+N 2 )) and inclination angle (Cross-Section Tilt Angle) of ZrSi phase shift mask blanks in Examples and MoSi phase shift mask blanks in Comparative Examples This is a graph showing.
- this embodiment is an illustration for explaining the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to the following content.
- the present invention can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of its gist.
- phase shift mask blanks 100 The phase shift mask blank 100 of this embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
- the phase shift mask blank 100 includes a substrate 10 and a phase shift layer 20 formed on the surface (substrate surface) 10a of the substrate 10. From the phase shift mask blank 100, a phase shift mask 300 (see FIG. 3) can be manufactured by forming a predetermined pattern 50 on the phase shift layer 20.
- the phase shift mask 300 is used when manufacturing display devices such as FPDs (Flat Panel Displays) and semiconductor devices such as LSIs (Large Scale Integration).
- the material of the substrate 10 for example, synthetic quartz glass is used. Note that the material of the substrate 10 is not limited to synthetic quartz glass.
- the substrate 10 may be any material that can sufficiently transmit exposure light from an exposure apparatus in which the phase shift mask 300 is used.
- the phase shift layer 20 contains zirconium (Zr), silicon (Si), and nitrogen (N).
- Zr zirconium
- Si silicon
- N nitrogen
- a portion of the phase shift layer 20 is removed from the substrate surface 10a by wet etching, and the removed portion forms a predetermined pattern 50 on the surface of the phase shift layer 20.
- the pattern 50 (removed portion, recessed portion) is defined by the side surface 21 of the phase shift layer 20 exposed by wet etching and the exposed substrate surface 10a.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the phase shift layer 20 perpendicular to the substrate surface 10a. In the cross section shown in FIG.
- the inclination angle ⁇ is the angle between the substrate surface 10a and the side surface 21 that partitions the pattern 50 (concave portion) of the phase shift layer 20 in a cross section perpendicular to the substrate surface 10a of the phase shift layer 20, which includes the phase shift layer 20. It's an angle. Therefore, the closer the inclination angle ⁇ is to 90°, the more preferable it is.
- the inclination angle ⁇ is preferably 45° to 90°, the lower limit is more preferably 60°, and even more preferably 70°.
- the upper limit may be 85° or 75°.
- the present inventors have found that by forming the phase shift layer 20 with a plurality of layers, in the phase shift mask 300 manufactured from the phase shift mask blank 100, the inclination angle ⁇ becomes large (approaching 90°), and the phase shift It has been found that the pattern accuracy of the mask 300 is improved. Therefore, the phase shift layer 20 of this embodiment is preferably composed of a plurality of layers, and can be a laminate of, for example, 4 to 10 layers.
- the lower limit is 5 layers, more preferably 6 layers.
- phase shift layer 20 By stacking the phase shift layer 20 in this manner, the inclination angle ⁇ can be increased, and pattern accuracy can be improved by reducing the amount of side etching. Note that although the phase shift layer 20 in FIGS. 1 to 5 is depicted as a single layer (single layer), it is depicted as a stack of multiple layers.
- the phase shift layer 20 may not contain elements other than Zr, Si, and N, or may contain a small amount of impurity that does not affect the effect.
- the refractive index of the phase shift layer 20 of the phase shift mask blank of this embodiment has a high value.
- the thickness of the phase shift layer 20 can be reduced.
- the thickness of the phase shift layer 20 can be reduced, the amount of side etching, which will be described later, can be reduced, and the pattern 50 can be formed closer to the design dimensions (pattern accuracy is improved).
- the refractive index of the phase shift layer 20 of this embodiment for light with a wavelength of 365 nm may be, for example, 2.70 to 2.90, and the lower limit of the refractive index is more preferably 2.75, and even more preferably 2. It is .80. With such a high refractive index, it is possible to reduce the film thickness when the phase shift amount is 180°.
- the extinction coefficient of the phase shift layer 20 of this embodiment for light with a wavelength of 365 nm may be, for example, 0.13 to 0.80, and a more preferable upper limit value of the extinction coefficient is 0.70. More preferably it is 0.60, still more preferably 0.50.
- the phase shift layer 20 functions as a phase shifter that locally changes the phase of the exposure light irradiated in the exposure process using the phase shift mask 300. Therefore, the phase shift layer 20 needs to transmit the exposure light to some extent.
- the transmittance of the phase shift layer 20 to exposure light is preferably 3% or more and 85% or less.
- Typical exposure light used in the exposure process using the phase shift mask 300 includes, for example, deep ultraviolet light (DUV, wavelength: 302 nm, 313 nm, 334 nm), i-line (wavelength: 365 nm), and h-line (wavelength: 405 nm). ), g-line (wavelength: 436 nm). These can be used as monochromatic lights or as complex lights.
- the transmittance of the phase shift layer 20 for light at a wavelength of 365 nm at a film thickness that provides a 180° phase shift with light at a wavelength of 365 nm may be 4% or more and 40% or less, and the lower limit is preferably 5%. , 8% is more preferred. Further, the upper limit is preferably 38%, more preferably 37%. Further, the phase shift layer 20 may have a transmittance of 5% to 50% for light at a wavelength of 405 nm at a film thickness that provides a phase shift of 180° at a wavelength of 405 nm, and the lower limit is preferably 7%, and 8%. % is more preferable. Furthermore, the upper limit is preferably 49%, more preferably 48%.
- the phase shift layer 20 may have a transmittance of 8% to 65% for light with a wavelength of 436 nm at a film thickness that provides a 180° phase shift for light with a wavelength of 436 nm, and the lower limit is 9%. Preferably, 10% is more preferable. Further, the upper limit is preferably 63%, more preferably 60%.
- the phase shift layer 20 changes (shifts) the phase of the exposure light irradiated in the exposure process using the phase shift mask 300 by about 180° (phase shift amount: about 180°). That is, the phase shift layer 20 changes the phase of the exposure light (for example, light with a wavelength of 330 nm to 470 nm) transmitted through it by 160° to 200° (180° ⁇ 20°) or 170° to 190° (180° ⁇ 10°). ) or 175° to 185° (180° ⁇ 5°).
- phase shift amount about 180°. That is, the phase shift layer 20 changes the phase of the exposure light (for example, light with a wavelength of 330 nm to 470 nm) transmitted through it by 160° to 200° (180° ⁇ 20°) or 170° to 190° (180° ⁇ 10°). ) or 175° to 185° (180° ⁇ 5°).
- the amount of phase shift can be adjusted by changing the refractive index, thickness (film thickness), etc. of the phase shift layer 20 according to the wavelength of the light (exposure light) transmitted through the phase shift mask 300.
- the thickness of the phase shift layer 20 is preferably 90 nm to 125 nm, for example, and the lower limit of the thickness of the phase shift layer 20 is more preferably 94 nm, and even more preferably 96 nm.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the phase shift layer 20 is more preferably 116 nm, and even more preferably 110 nm. With such a film thickness, the etching time required to impart a 180° phase shift is shortened, and damage to the glass is reduced.
- phase shift mask blank 100 is manufactured using the method described below.
- the phase shift mask blank 100 may be manufactured by forming the phase shift layer 20 on the substrate 10 using reactive sputtering, which will be described in Examples below.
- phase shift mask blank 200 The phase shift mask blank 200 shown in FIG. 2 will be explained.
- the phase shift mask blank 200 includes a substrate 10, a phase shift layer 20 formed on the substrate surface 10a, and an etching mask layer (chromium compound layer) 30 containing a chromium compound formed on the phase shift layer 20.
- the structure of the phase shift mask blank 200 other than having the etching mask layer 30 is the same as the phase shift mask blank 100 shown in FIG.
- the phase shift mask blank 200 shown in FIG. 2 has the same effect as the phase shift mask blank 100, and furthermore, by having the etching mask layer 30, the phase shift mask blank 200 has the effects described below.
- phase shift mask 300 (see FIG. 3) can be manufactured from the phase shift mask blank 200.
- the photoresist layer 40 is formed on the phase shift mask blank 200 (see FIG. 4(A)).
- the phase shift layer (ZrSiN-based layer) 20 here has low adhesion to the photoresist layer 40. For this reason, if the photoresist layer 40 is formed directly on the phase shift layer 20, there is a risk that the photoresist layer 40 will peel off during wet etching. Therefore, in the phase shift mask blank 200, by providing the etching mask layer 30 having adhesive properties on both the photoresist layer 40 and the phase shift layer 20, peeling of the photoresist layer 40 during wet etching can be suppressed.
- the material of the etching mask layer 30 is not particularly limited, and may be any material that enhances the adhesion between the photoresist layer 40 and the phase shift layer 20.
- a chromium compound such as chromium nitride or chromium oxide may be used.
- the photoresist layer 40 is exposed to light having a wavelength of 350 nm to 450 nm.
- the etching mask layer 30 provided under the photoresist layer 40 preferably has a low reflectance for light with a wavelength of 350 nm to 450 nm, and also functions as an anti-reflection layer, and chromium oxide is more suitable as an anti-reflection layer. preferable.
- the reflectance of the etching mask layer 30 for light with a wavelength of 413 nm is preferably 15% or less.
- the etching mask layer 30 may be a single layer or may be formed from a plurality of layers. When the etching mask layer 30 is formed from a plurality of layers, it is preferable that the layer immediately below the photoresist layer 40 has a low reflectance to exposure light.
- the etching mask layer 30 may include a chromium nitride layer 31 formed on the phase shift layer 20 and a chromium oxide layer 32 formed on the chromium nitride layer 31.
- the chromium oxide layer 32 can suppress the reflectance of light with a wavelength of 413 nm to about 11%, for example.
- the thickness of the etching mask layer 30 is not particularly limited and can be adjusted as appropriate, for example, from 10 nm to 120 nm.
- the thickness of the etching mask layer 30 is preferably 80 to 120 nm, and the thickness of the chromium nitride layer 31 and the thickness of the chromium oxide layer 32 are It is preferable that the film be formed at a ratio of 6:4 (3:2) to 8:2 (4:1).
- the etching mask layer 30 is too thin, the etching time becomes short and it becomes difficult to control the CD (critical dimension) in the plane of the phase shift layer (that is, control the line width of the pattern 50). Furthermore, if the etching mask layer 30 is too thick, the amount of side etching will increase, making it difficult to obtain the designed pattern dimensions.
- the phase shift layer 20 is wet-etched based on the etching mask layer 30 (see FIG. 4D)
- the phase shift layer 20 is isotropically etched with an etching solution. Therefore, in addition to being etched in the direction perpendicular to the substrate 10, the phase shift layer 20 is also etched in the lateral direction orthogonal to the vertical direction.
- phase shift mask blank 200 is not particularly limited, and a general-purpose method can be used.
- the phase shift mask blank 200 may be manufactured by forming the phase shift layer 20 and the etching mask layer 30 on the substrate 10 using reactive sputtering, which will be described later in FIG. 6 and Examples.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a manufacturing apparatus 600 for the phase shift mask blanks 100, 200 according to the present embodiment, and is a diagram of the inside of the manufacturing apparatus 600 viewed from above.
- a film forming apparatus 600 shown in FIG. 6 is an in-line sputtering apparatus, and includes a loading chamber 601 for loading a substrate 10 for manufacturing phase shift mask blanks 100 and 200, a first sputtering chamber 602, It includes a buffer chamber 603, a second sputtering chamber 604, and an unloading chamber 605 for unloading the manufactured phase shift layer 20.
- the substrate tray P is a frame-shaped tray on which the substrate 10 for forming the phase shift layer 20 can be placed, and the outer edge portion of the substrate 10 is supported and placed thereon.
- the substrate 10 is arranged so that the surface on which the phase shift layer 20 (ZrSiN-based layer), the light-shielding film and the anti-reflection film that will become the etching mask layer 30 (chromium compound layer) are formed is on the lower side (facing downward). , placed on the substrate tray P.
- the substrate tray P on which the substrate 10 is placed is moved into the buffer chamber in the direction indicated by the solid arrow Q in FIG. 6 while maintaining the surface of the substrate 10 facing the target. By transporting it to the position 603, the first phase shift layer 20 (ZrSiN-based layer) is formed on the surface of the substrate 10, and the phase shift mask blank 100 having the single-layer phase shift layer 20 is manufactured.
- phase shift layer 20 As shown by the solid line arrow Q, after the first phase shift layer 20 is formed, the substrate tray P is repeatedly transported between the loading chamber 601 and the buffer chamber 603, thereby forming a phase shift layer consisting of layers for the number of times of transport.
- a phase shift mask blank 100 having a shift layer 20 is manufactured. Note that the ZrSiN-based layer can be formed in the same way whether it is transported from the loading chamber 601 to the buffer chamber 603 or from the buffer chamber 603 to the loading chamber 601.
- the etching mask layer 30 (chrome compound layer) is formed, and the phase shift mask blank 200 is manufactured.
- the loading chamber 601, the first sputtering chamber 602, the buffer chamber 603, the second sputtering chamber 604, and the loading chamber 605 are each partitioned off by a shutter (not shown).
- the carry-in chamber 601, the first sputter chamber 602, the buffer chamber 603, the second sputter chamber 604, and the carry-out chamber 605 are each connected to an exhaust device (not shown), and the inside of each chamber is evacuated.
- a first target 606 (ZrSi) is provided inside the first sputter chamber 602, and a second target 607 (Cr) is provided inside the second sputter chamber 604.
- the first sputter chamber 602 and the second sputter chamber 604 are each provided with a DC power source (not shown), which supplies power to the first target 606 (ZrSi) and the second target 607 (Cr), respectively.
- the first sputter chamber 602 is provided with a first gas inlet 608 that introduces a sputtering gas into the first sputter chamber 602 .
- the first target 606 is a sputtering target for forming a ZrSiN-based layer, and is made of a material containing zirconium (Zr) and silicon (Si).
- the first target 606 is made of a material selected from zirconium, zirconium oxide, zirconium nitride, zirconium carbide, silicon, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, etc. It is formed.
- a mixed gas of a nitrogen-containing gas and an inert gas such as argon gas
- the second sputter chamber 604 is provided with a second gas inlet 609 that introduces a sputtering gas into the second sputter chamber 604 .
- the second target 607 is a sputtering target for forming a chromium compound layer, and is made of a material containing chromium.
- the second target 607 is formed of a material selected from chromium, chromium oxide, chromium nitride, chromium carbide, and the like.
- a mixed gas of a gas containing nitrogen or oxygen and an inert gas (argon gas, etc.) is introduced through the second gas inlet 609.
- the first phase shift layer 20 (ZrSiN-based layer) is formed on the surface of the substrate 10 by sputtering. Furthermore, the substrate 10 on which the first phase shift layer 20 is formed is transported between the buffer chamber 603 and the loading chamber 601 multiple times, and sputtering is performed multiple times in the first sputter chamber 602. , the phase shift layer 20 can also be a laminated structure. Thereafter, the substrate 10 is transported to the second sputter chamber 604. In the second sputter chamber 604, an etching layer 30 (chromium compound layer) is formed on the surface of the phase shift layer 20 by sputtering.
- etching layer 30 chromium compound layer
- the chromium compound layer is also transported between the buffer chamber 603 and the carry-out chamber 605 multiple times, and sputtered multiple times in the second sputter chamber 604, thereby forming the etching layer 30 as a stack. Good too. In this way, the ZrSiN layer and the chromium compound layer are sequentially formed on the surface of the substrate 10, and the phase shift mask blank 200 is manufactured.
- the materials of the first and second targets 606 and 607 and the types of gas introduced from the first and second gas inlets 608 and 609 depend on the materials and compositions constituting the chromium compound layer and the ZrSiN layer. It is selected accordingly. Further, as the sputtering method, any method such as DC sputtering, RF sputtering, or ion beam sputtering may be used.
- the phase shift mask 300 shown in FIG. 3 will be explained.
- the phase shift mask 300 includes a substrate 10 and a phase shift layer 20 formed on the surface 10a of the substrate 10, and a predetermined pattern 50 is formed on the phase shift layer 20.
- the configuration of the phase shift mask 300 is the same as the phase shift mask blank 100 shown in FIG. 1 except that the predetermined pattern 50 is formed on the phase shift layer 20.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the side surface 21 of the phase shift layer 20 that partitions the pattern 50 from the substrate surface 10a is preferably 45° to 90°. Further, by forming the phase shift layer 20 in a laminated manner, the inclination angle ⁇ can be made closer to a right angle, and pattern accuracy can be improved by reducing the amount of side etching.
- phase shift mask 300 is not particularly limited, and a general-purpose method can be used.
- the phase shift mask 300 may be manufactured using reactive sputtering and wet etching (see FIG. 4), which will be described in Examples below.
- the exposure method using the phase shift mask 300 can be implemented as a photolithography process using an exposure apparatus in the manufacture of devices such as semiconductors and liquid crystal panels.
- an exposure apparatus 500 used in the exposure method includes a light source LS, an illumination optical system 502, a mask stage 503 holding a phase shift mask 300, a projection optical system 504, and an exposure target. It includes a substrate stage 505 that holds a photosensitive substrate 515 and a drive mechanism 506 that moves the substrate stage 505 within a horizontal plane.
- the phase shift mask 300 is placed on the mask stage 503 of the exposure apparatus 500. Further, a photosensitive substrate 515 coated with photoresist is placed on the substrate stage 505. Then, exposure light is emitted from the light source LS. The emitted exposure light enters the illumination optical system 502, is adjusted to a predetermined luminous flux, and is irradiated onto the phase shift mask 300 held on the mask stage 503.
- the light that has passed through the phase shift mask 300 has the same pattern as the device pattern 50 drawn on the phase shift mask 300, and this pattern is transmitted through the projection optical system 504 to the photosensitive substrate held on the substrate stage 505. 515 is irradiated to a predetermined position. Thereby, the photosensitive substrate 515 is exposed to light at a predetermined magnification by the device pattern of the phase shift mask 300.
- the phase shift mask 300 manufactured from the phase shift mask blanks 100 and 200 has high pattern accuracy. Therefore, by performing exposure using the phase shift mask 300, circuit pattern defects in the exposure process can be reduced, and highly integrated devices can be efficiently manufactured.
- phase shift mask blanks and phase shift masks will be specifically explained using Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples and Comparative Examples.
- phase shift mask blanks having five types of ZrSiN phase shift layers 20 having different nitrogen introduction ratios were manufactured. Further, as a comparative example, phase shift mask blanks having two types of MoSiN phase shift layers 20 with different nitrogen introduction ratios were manufactured.
- phase shift mask blank 100 A circular parallel flat plate of quartz glass was prepared as the substrate 10 (size: 3 inches in diameter, 0.5 mm in thickness).
- a ZrSiN film was formed on the substrate 10 by using a DC magnetron sputtering device, using a ZrSi alloy as a sputtering target, and performing reactive sputtering while introducing an Ar--N 2 mixed gas at the introduction ratio shown in Table 2. Thereafter, reactive sputtering using the same ZrSi alloy target as above was repeated five times to form a ZrSiN phase shift layer 20 consisting of a total of six layers, and a phase shift mask blank 100 was manufactured (Examples 1 to 5) .
- the film forming conditions were as follows: Total pressure of mixed gas: 0.32 Pa; N2 introduction ratio in mixed gas (sputtering gas): 24% in Example 1, 26% in Example 2, 28% in Example 3; In Example 4, the DC output was 30%, in Example 5, it was 60%, and in Examples 1 to 5, the DC output was 1.5 kW.
- the MoSiN-based phase shift layer 20 was formed under the above conditions, and phase shift mask blanks were manufactured.
- phase shift mask blanks 200 A DC magnetron sputtering device was used to perform reactive sputtering on the phase shift mask blank 100 of each Example and each Comparative Example using a Cr target as a sputtering target while introducing an Ar-N 2 mixed gas, and then , reactive sputtering was performed while introducing an Ar-O 2 mixed gas. Thereby, an etching mask layer 30 composed of a chromium nitride layer 31 and a chromium oxide layer 32 was formed on the phase shift mask blank 100, and a phase shift mask blank 200 was manufactured (FIG. 2).
- a positive ultraviolet resist (GRX-M237, manufactured by Nagase ChemteX) was applied onto the phase shift mask blank 200 by spin coating to form a photoresist layer 40 (FIG. 4(A)).
- the thickness of the photoresist layer 40 was 660 nm.
- the simulation was performed using the simulation software "TFCalc", and from the measurement results of the refractive index and extinction coefficient at the i-line (365 nm) obtained by the ellipsometry method, 180
- the transmittance of the phase shift layer 20 at the film thickness was calculated using the film thickness that provides a phase shift of .
- the transmittance is an external transmittance that also takes into account reflection.
- phase shift mask 300 A pattern 50 was formed on the phase shift layer 20 of each Example and each Comparative Example, and a phase shift mask 300 shown in FIG. 3 was manufactured. First, using a DC magnetron sputtering device, using a Cr target as a sputtering target, reactive sputtering is performed while introducing an Ar-N 2 mixed gas, and then reactive sputtering is performed while introducing an Ar-O 2 mixed gas. I did it. Thereby, an etching mask layer 30 composed of a chromium nitride layer 31 and a chromium oxide layer 32 was formed on the phase shift mask blank 100, and a phase shift mask blank 200 was manufactured (FIG. 2).
- a positive ultraviolet resist (GRX-M237, manufactured by Nagase ChemteX) was applied onto the phase shift mask blank 200 by spin coating to form a photoresist layer 40 (FIG. 4(A)).
- the thickness of the photoresist layer 40 was 660 nm.
- a mask aligner (manufactured by Canon, PLA-501) using a high-pressure mercury lamp was used to expose the photoresist layer 40 using a light-shielding mask in which openings corresponding to the pattern 50 were formed. As a result, a portion of the photoresist layer 40 corresponding to the pattern 50 was exposed.
- the exposed phase shift mask blank 200 was immersed in an organic alkaline developer (manufactured by Tama Chemical Industries, Ltd., 1.83% tetramethylammonium hydroxide). As a result, the exposed portion of the photoresist layer 40 was dissolved and removed, and an opening corresponding to the pattern 50 was formed (FIG. 4(B)).
- the etching mask layer 30 is etched using an etching solution containing ceric ammonium nitrate and nitric acid (PureEtch CR101, manufactured by Hayashi Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). wet etching.
- the etching solution temperature was 23 ⁇ 3°C, and the etching time was 80 seconds. And so. As a result, the exposed portion of the etching mask layer 30 that was not covered by the photoresist layer 40 was removed (FIG. 4(C)).
- the phase shift layer 20 is removed using an etching solution containing ammonium fluoride (manufactured by ADEKA, ADEKA CHELMICA WGM-155). wet etched.
- the etching solution temperature was 23 ⁇ 3° C., and 20% over-etching was performed in order to uniformly remove the exposed phase shift layer 20 without leaving any residue.
- 20% over-etching means that the time until the phase shift film 20 can be transmitted is set as a reference time, and etching is performed for 120% of the reference time.
- a pattern 50 was formed in the phase shift layer 20 (FIG. 4(D)).
- phase shift mask 300 shown in FIG. 4(E) was obtained from the phase shift mask blank.
- the etching rate of the ZrSi phase shift layer in Examples 1 to 5 was faster than the etching rate of the MoSi phase shift layer in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Furthermore, since the refractive index of the ZrSi phase shift layer in Examples 1 to 5 is higher than that of the MoSi phase shift layer in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the phase shift layer of ZrSi phase shift layer in Examples 1 to 5 has a phase of 180°. The film thickness was thinner than that of the MoSi phase shift layer in Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- FIG. 13 shows SEM images of cross sections perpendicular to the substrate surface 10a of each example and each comparative example. From FIG. 13, the inclination angle ⁇ of the side surface 21 of the phase shift layer 20 from the substrate surface 10a was measured for each Example and each Comparative Example. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 13.
- the inclination angle of the phase shift layer 20 of this embodiment is 20% over-etched under the conditions of an etching solution containing ammonium fluoride (manufactured by ADEKA, ADEKA CHELMICA WGM-155, etching solution temperature: 23 ⁇ 3° C.).
- the angle is preferably at least 90°.
- a preferable lower limit is 58°, more preferably 60°, and still more preferably 65°.
- FIG. 14 depicts a phase shift mask having (A) 4 layers, (B) 6 layers, and (C) 8 layers of shift layers 20 based on an SEM image of a cross section perpendicular to the substrate surface 10a and an SEM image. The following sketch is shown. Further, in FIG. 14B, the film was formed under the same conditions as in Example 3, but the etching time was longer than in Example 3. From the side surface 21 of the phase shift layer 20 in FIGS. 14A to 14C, it can be confirmed that the phase shift layer 20 is laminated.
- the phase shift mask blank according to this embodiment has a shorter etching time and higher refractive index than the MoSi phase shift mask blank, so it is possible to reduce the film thickness when the phase shift amount is 180°, and the side etching amount can be reduced. Pattern accuracy can be improved by reduction.
- Substrate 20 Phase shift layer 30 Etching mask layer 31 Chromium nitride layer 32 Chromium oxide layer 40 Photoresist layer 50 Patterns 100, 200 Phase shift mask blank 300 Phase shift mask 500 Exposure device LS Light source 502 Illumination optical system 504 Projection optical system 503 Mask Stage 505 Substrate stage 600 Film forming apparatus 600 P Substrate tray Q Solid arrow R Dotted arrow 601 Loading chamber 602 First sputtering chamber 603 Buffer chamber 604 Second sputtering chamber 605 Exporting chamber 606 First target (ZrSi) 607 Second target (Cr) 608 First gas inlet 609 Second gas inlet
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Abstract
Description
図1に示す、本実施形態の位相シフトマスクブランクス100について説明する。位相シフトマスクブランクス100は、基板10と、基板10の表面(基板表面)10a上に形成された位相シフト層20とを備える。位相シフトマスクブランクス100からは、位相シフト層20に所定のパターン50を形成することで位相シフトマスク300(図3参照)を製造できる。位相シフトマスク300は、FPD(Flat Panel Display)等の表示用デバイスやLSI(Large Scale Integration)等の半導体デバイスを製造する際に用いられる。
図2に示す位相シフトマスクブランクス200について説明する。位相シフトマスクブランクス200は、基板10と、基板表面10aに形成された位相シフト層20と、位相シフト層20上に形成されたクロム化合物を含むエッチングマスク層(クロム化合物層)30とを備える。エッチングマスク層30を有すること以外の位相シフトマスクブランクス200の構成は、図1に示す位相シフトマスクブランクス100と同様である。図2に示す位相シフトマスクブランクス200は、位相シフトマスクブランクス100と同様の効果を奏し、更に、エッチングマスク層30を有することにより、以下に説明する効果を奏する。
図3に示す、位相シフトマスク300について説明する。位相シフトマスク300は、基板10と、基板10の表面10aに形成された位相シフト層20を有し、位相シフト層20に所定のパターン50が形成されている。位相シフト層20に所定のパターン50が形成されていること以外の位相シフトマスク300の構成は、図1に示す位相シフトマスクブランクス100と同様である。位相シフト層20の基板表面10aに直交する断面において、パターン50を区画する位相シフト層20の側面21の、基板表面10aからの傾斜角度θは45°~90°が好ましい。また位相シフト層20を積層とすることにより、傾斜角度θをより直角に近い状態にすることができ、ひいてはサイドエッチ量の低減によりパターン精度を向上させることができる。
次に、位相シフトマスクブランクス100,200から製造した位相シフトマスク300を用いた露光方法について説明する。位相シフトマスク300を用いた露光方法は、半導体や液晶パネル等のデバイス製造において、露光装置を用いたフォトリソグラフィ工程として実施できる。
基板10として石英ガラスの円形の平行平板を用意した(サイズ:直径3インチ、厚さ0.5ミリ)。DCマグネトロンスパッタ装置を使用し、スパッタリングターゲットとしてZrSi合金を用い、表2に示す導入比率でAr-N2混合ガスを導入しながら反応性スパッタリングを行い、基板10上にZrSiN膜を成膜した。その後、上記と同じZrSi合金ターゲットを用いた反応性スパッタリングを5回繰り返し、計6の層からなるZrSiN系位相シフト層20を形成し、位相シフトマスクブランクス100を製造した(実施例1~5)。ZrSi合金ターゲットの組成(原子比)は、Zr:Si=1:2とした。各成膜条件は、混合ガス全圧0.32Pa、混合ガス(スパッタリングガス)中のN2導入比率:実施例1では24%、実施例2では26%、実施例3では28%、実施例4では30%、実施例5では60%、、実施例1~5共通してDC出力は1.5kwとした。
各実施例及び各比較例の位相シフトマスクブランクス100の上にDCマグネトロンスパッタ装置を使用し、スパッタリングターゲットとしてCrターゲットを用い、Ar-N2混合ガスを導入しながら反応性スパッタリングを行い、続いて、Ar-O2混合ガスを導入しながら反応性スパッタリングを行った。これにより、位相シフトマスクブランクス100の上に、窒化クロム層31及び酸化クロム層32から構成されるエッチングマスク層30を形成し、位相シフトマスクブランクス200を製造した(図2)。エッチングマスク層30の厚さは、90±7nm(窒化クロム層31の厚さ:酸化クロム層32の厚さ=7:3)の範囲に収まるように成膜した。次に、位相シフトマスクブランクス200上に、ポジ型紫外線レジスト(ナガセケムテックス製、GRX-M237)をスピンコートにより塗布し、フォトレジスト層40を形成した(図4(A))。フォトレジスト層40の厚さは、660nmとした。
屈折率及び消衰係数の測定、並びに透過率のシミュレーション
各実施例及び各比較例の位相シフト層20に関して、エリプソメトリ法により、屈折率及び消衰係数を測定した。結果を表1、及び図10、12に示す。また、各実施例及び各比較例の位相シフト層20に関して、屈折率の測定結果から、種類(365nm、405nm、436nm)の波長それぞれにおいて、180°の位相シフトを与える膜厚を求め、該膜厚における位相シフト層20の透過率をシミュレーションにより算出した。結果を表1及び図7、8に示す。シミュレーションはシミュレーションソフト「TFCalc」を用いて行い、エリプソメトリ法で得られたi線(365nm)における屈折率と消衰係数の測定結果から、3種類(365nm、405nm、436nm)の波長それぞれにおいて180°の位相シフトを与える膜厚を用いて該膜厚における位相シフト層20の透過率を算出した。ここで、透過率は反射も考慮した外部透過率のことである。
各実施例及び各比較例の位相シフト層20にパターン50を形成して、図3に示す位相シフトマスク300を製造した。まず、DCマグネトロンスパッタ装置を使用し、スパッタリングターゲットとしてCrターゲットを用い、Ar-N2混合ガスを導入しながら反応性スパッタリングを行い、続いて、Ar-O2混合ガスを導入しながら反応性スパッタリングを行った。これにより、位相シフトマスクブランクス100の上に、窒化クロム層31及び酸化クロム層32から構成されるエッチングマスク層30を形成し、位相シフトマスクブランクス200を製造した(図2)。エッチングマスク層30の厚さは、90±7nmnm(窒化クロム層31の厚さ:酸化クロム層32の厚さ=7:3)の範囲に収まるように成膜した。次に、位相シフトマスクブランクス200上に、ポジ型紫外線レジスト(ナガセケムテックス製、GRX-M237)をスピンコートにより塗布し、フォトレジスト層40を形成した(図4(A))。フォトレジスト層40の厚さは、660nmとした。
20 位相シフト層
30 エッチングマスク層
31 窒化クロム層
32 酸化クロム層
40 フォトレジスト層
50 パターン
100,200 位相シフトマスクブランクス
300 位相シフトマスク
500 露光装置
LS 光源
502 照明光学系
504 投影光学系
503 マスクステージ
505 基板ステージ
600 成膜装置600
P 基板トレイ
Q 実線矢印
R 点線矢印
601 搬入チャンバー
602 第1のスパッタチャンバー
603 バッファーチャンバー
604 第2のスパッタチャンバー
605 搬出チャンバー
606 第1のターゲット(ZrSi)
607 第2のターゲット(Cr)
608 第1のガス流入口
609 第2のガス流入口
Claims (10)
- 位相シフトマスクブランクスであって、
基板と、
前記基板上に成膜される第1の層と、を有し、
前記第1の層は、ジルコニウム(Zr)とケイ素(Si)と窒素(N)とを含み、
前記第1の層の波長365nmの光が180°の位相シフトを与える膜厚あたりの透過率が、4%以上40%以下である、
位相シフトマスクブランクス。 - 位相シフトマスクブランクスであって、
基板と、
前記基板上に成膜される第1の層と、を有し、
前記第1の層は、ジルコニウム(Zr)とケイ素(Si)とを含む金属シリサイドの窒化物を4層以上有する積層であり、
前記第1の層の波長365nmの光が180°の位相シフトを与える膜厚あたりの透過率が、4%以上40%以下である、
位相シフトマスクブランクス。 - 位相シフトマスクブランクスであって、
基板と、
前記基板上に成膜される第1の層と、を有し、
前記第1の層は、ジルコニウム(Zr)とケイ素(Si)とを含む金属シリサイドの窒化物を4層以上有する積層であり、
前記第1の層の傾斜角度は、55°以上90°以下である、
位相シフトマスクブランクス。 - 前記第1の層の波長365nmの光が180°の位相シフトを与える膜厚あたりの透過率が、4%以上40%以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の位相シフトマスクブランクス。
- 前記傾斜角度は、エッチング液がアデカケルミカWGM-155であり、前記エッチング液の温度23±3℃の条件で前記第1の層を20%オーバーエッチングされたときの角度である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の位相シフトマスクブランクス。
- 前記第1の層の波長365nmの光が180°の位相シフトを与える膜厚は、下記式(1)で算出される膜厚である、
d=365/(2(n-1))
(d:膜厚、n:屈折率とする)
請求項1または2に記載の位相シフトマスクブランクス。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載した位相シフトマスクブランクスに所望のパターンが形成された位相シフトマスク。
- 位相シフトマスクブランクスの製造方法であって、
基板に第1の層を成膜する成膜工程を有し、
前記成膜工程では、前記基板上にジルコニウムとケイ素とを含む金属シリサイドの窒化物層を4回以上成膜し、第1の層を形成する、位相シフトマスクブランクスの製造方法。 - 前記成膜工程では、前記基板上に前記金属シリサイドの窒化物層を6回以上成膜する、請求項8に記載の位相シフトマスクブランクスの製造方法。
- 位相シフトマスクの製造方法であって、
請求項8または請求項9に記載の位相シフトマスクブランクスの製造方法が、所望のパターンを形成するパターン形成工程をさらに有する、
位相シフトマスクの製造方法。
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| JPH04359254A (ja) * | 1991-06-05 | 1992-12-11 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | フォトマスクブランクおよび位相シフトマスク |
| JP2016045233A (ja) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-04-04 | Hoya株式会社 | 位相シフトマスクブランク及びその製造方法、並びに位相シフトマスクの製造方法 |
| JP2019174791A (ja) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-10 | Hoya株式会社 | 位相シフトマスクブランク、位相シフトマスクの製造方法、及び表示装置の製造方法 |
| JP2021149092A (ja) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-09-27 | Hoya株式会社 | フォトマスクブランク、フォトマスクの製造方法及び表示装置の製造方法 |
| JP2022023453A (ja) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-02-08 | Hoya株式会社 | フォトマスクブランク、フォトマスクの製造方法及び表示装置の製造方法 |
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| JP5588633B2 (ja) | 2009-06-30 | 2014-09-10 | アルバック成膜株式会社 | 位相シフトマスクの製造方法、フラットパネルディスプレイの製造方法及び位相シフトマスク |
| JP6872061B2 (ja) | 2020-05-11 | 2021-05-19 | Hoya株式会社 | フォトマスク及び表示装置の製造方法 |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH04359254A (ja) * | 1991-06-05 | 1992-12-11 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | フォトマスクブランクおよび位相シフトマスク |
| JP2016045233A (ja) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-04-04 | Hoya株式会社 | 位相シフトマスクブランク及びその製造方法、並びに位相シフトマスクの製造方法 |
| JP2019174791A (ja) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-10 | Hoya株式会社 | 位相シフトマスクブランク、位相シフトマスクの製造方法、及び表示装置の製造方法 |
| JP2021149092A (ja) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-09-27 | Hoya株式会社 | フォトマスクブランク、フォトマスクの製造方法及び表示装置の製造方法 |
| JP2022023453A (ja) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-02-08 | Hoya株式会社 | フォトマスクブランク、フォトマスクの製造方法及び表示装置の製造方法 |
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