WO2023182425A1 - メタクリル酸製造用触媒、その製造方法、並びにこれを用いたメタクリル酸およびメタクリル酸エステルの製造方法 - Google Patents
メタクリル酸製造用触媒、その製造方法、並びにこれを用いたメタクリル酸およびメタクリル酸エステルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/195—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J27/198—Vanadium
- B01J27/199—Vanadium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/188—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0045—Drying a slurry, e.g. spray drying
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/04—Mixing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
- B01J37/088—Decomposition of a metal salt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
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- C07B61/00—Other general methods
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/23—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of oxygen-containing groups to carboxyl groups
- C07C51/235—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of oxygen-containing groups to carboxyl groups of —CHO groups or primary alcohol groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/25—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C51/252—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring of propene, butenes, acrolein or methacrolein
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C57/00—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C57/02—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with only carbon-to-carbon double bonds as unsaturation
- C07C57/03—Monocarboxylic acids
- C07C57/04—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/86—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by NMR- or ESR-data
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a catalyst for producing methacrylic acid, a method for producing the same, and a method for producing methacrylic acid and methacrylic ester using the same.
- a catalyst for producing methacrylic acid (hereinafter also simply referred to as "catalyst") used when producing methacrylic acid by oxidizing methacrolein, for example, a heteropolyacid catalyst containing molybdenum and phosphorus is known.
- a heteropolyacid is a condensed oxygen acid formed by 12 coordinating atoms (hereinafter referred to as polyatoms) forming the basic skeleton of a polyacid and an oxide of a heteroatom.
- heteropolyacid-based catalysts include proton-type heteropolyacids in which the counter cation is a proton, and heteropolyacid salts in which some of the protons are replaced with cations other than protons (hereinafter, proton-type heteropolyacids are simply referred to as "heteropolyacids").
- proton-type heteropolyacids are simply referred to as "heteropolyacids"
- '' at least one selected from proton-type heteropolyacids and heteropolyacids is also simply expressed as ⁇ heteropolyacid (salt)'').
- Non-Patent Document 1 states that phosphorus, silicon, arsenic, germanium, titanium, antimony, etc. are heteroatoms, and tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, etc. are heteroatoms of heteropolyacids (salts). It is stated that it can be an atom. Furthermore, Keggin type, Dawson type, Preysler type, etc. are described as basic structures of heteropolyacids (salts).
- Patent Document 1 discloses a catalyst made of a Keggin type heteropolyacid salt having a composition represented by the following formula as a catalyst for producing methacrylic acid.
- P a Mo b V c X d Y e Of (In the formula, P, Mo, V and O each represent phosphorus, molybdenum, vanadium and oxygen, X represents at least one element selected from potassium, rubidium, cesium and thallium, and Y represents copper, arsenic, antimony, Represents at least one element selected from boron, silver, bismuth, iron, cobalt, lanthanum, and cerium.
- a, b, c, d, e, and f are the atomic ratios of P, Mo, V, X, Y, and O, respectively.
- b 12
- a, c, d, and e are each independently greater than 0 and less than or equal to 3
- f is a value determined by the oxidation state and atomic ratio of each element other than oxygen. .
- Keggin-type heteropolyacids include H 3 PMo 12 O 40 , H 4 PMo 11 VO 40 H 3 , PW 12 O 40, etc.
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes H 3 PMo 12 O 40 and H 4 It has been shown that the thermal decomposition temperature of PW 12 O 40 is higher compared to PMo 11 VO 40 H 3 .
- Non-Patent Document 2 states that when H 3 PMo 12 O 40 is used as a catalyst for methacrylic acid production, methacrylic acid can be obtained satisfactorily, but when PW 12 O 40 is used, both activity and selectivity are very low. Are listed.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst that has high heat resistance and can produce methacrylic acid in high yield. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing methacrylic acid and methacrylic ester using this catalyst.
- the present inventors conducted extensive studies in view of the above problems, and as a result, they discovered that the above problems could be solved by using a catalyst having a specific 31 P-NMR spectrum, and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention includes the following. [1]: A catalyst used when producing methacrylic acid by oxidizing methacrolein, the catalyst contains a heteropolyacid containing phosphorus, molybdenum and tungsten; In the 31 P-NMR spectrum of the catalyst, the area of the signal observed in the range of -5.2 ppm or more and less than 0 ppm is A, the area of the signal observed in the range of -10 ppm or more and less than -5.2 ppm is B, - A catalyst for producing methacrylic acid, wherein C/(A+B+C) is 0.015 to 0.085, where C is the area of a signal observed in the range of 20 ppm or more and less than -10 ppm.
- [2] The catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to [1], wherein B/(A+B+C) is 0.1 to 0.485 in the 31 P-NMR spectrum.
- [3] The catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to [1] or [2], wherein A/(A+B+C) is 0.5 to 0.885 in the 31 P-NMR spectrum.
- [4] The catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein C/(A+B+C) is 0.02 to 0.08 in the 31 P-NMR spectrum.
- [5] The catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein B/(A+B+C) is 0.2 to 0.045 in the 31 P-NMR spectrum.
- [6] The catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein A/(A+B+C) is 0.53 to 0.75 in the 31 P-NMR spectrum.
- [7] The catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to any one of [1] to [6], which has a composition represented by the following formula (I).
- P, Mo, W, V, Cu and O represent phosphorus, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, copper and oxygen, respectively.
- A represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of antimony, bismuth, arsenic, germanium, tellurium, selenium, and silicon.
- E represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron, zinc, chromium, tantalum, cobalt, nickel, manganese, titanium, and niobium.
- G represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium and cesium.
- a method for producing a catalyst for acid production comprising: (i) a step of mixing a phosphorus raw material, a molybdenum raw material, and a tungsten raw material with a solvent to prepare a solution or slurry (liquid A) having a pH of 0.1 to 4; (ii) drying the liquid A to obtain a dried product; (iii) firing the dried product to obtain a fired product;
- a method for producing a catalyst for producing methacrylic acid comprising: [10]: The methacrylic acid production according to [9], wherein in the step (i), the tungsten raw material having a solubility in water at 20°C of 4.1 g/100 mL or more accounts for 50% by mass or more of the entire tungsten raw material.
- a numerical range expressed using " ⁇ ” means a range that includes the numerical values written before and after " ⁇ " as the lower limit and upper limit, and "A to B” means A This means that it is greater than or equal to B and less than or equal to B.
- the catalyst for producing methacrylic acid is a catalyst used when producing methacrylic acid by oxidizing methacrolein, and contains a heteropolyacid containing phosphorus, molybdenum, and tungsten.
- the area of the signal observed in the range of -5.2 ppm or more and less than 0 ppm is A
- the area of the signal observed in the range of -10 ppm or more and less than -5.2 ppm is B
- C/(A+B+C) is 0.015 to 0.085.
- A, B, and C are the areas of signals mainly derived from the Keggin-type heteropolyacid structure.
- A is the area of a signal derived from a structure (hereinafter also referred to as structure A) in which the hetero atom is mainly phosphorus and the poly atom is molybdenum.
- B is the area of the signal derived from a structure in which the heteroatom is mainly phosphorus, 1 to 5 of the polyatoms are atoms such as tungsten or vanadium, and the remainder is molybdenum (hereinafter also referred to as structure B). be.
- C mainly has a structure in which the heteroatom is phosphorus, 6 to 12 of the polyatoms are atoms such as tungsten or vanadium, and the rest is molybdenum (hereinafter also referred to as structure C), which is the area of the signal derived from the structure. It is. Since the catalyst contains structure A and structure B, it shows a good yield in the production of methacrylic acid. On the other hand, when Structure A is present in excess, the yield tends to decrease because the sequential oxidation reaction of methacrylic acid is promoted. Further, Structure B and Structure C have a higher thermal decomposition temperature than Structure A, and have excellent heat resistance. Structure C, in which many of the poly atoms are atoms such as W and V, has particularly excellent heat resistance.
- C/(A+B+C) is 0.015 to 0.085.
- Structure A and Structure B which exhibit a good yield in the production of methacrylic acid
- Structure C which has particularly excellent heat resistance, have a suitable abundance ratio in the catalyst. Therefore, it is thought that a catalyst with high heat resistance and an excellent yield of methacrylic acid can be obtained.
- the lower limit of C/(A+B+C) is preferably 0.02 or more, more preferably 0.025 or more.
- the upper limit of C/(A+B+C) is preferably 0.08 or less, more preferably 0.75 or less.
- B/(A+B+C) is preferably 0.1 or more. At this time, since Structure B, which is excellent in both yield and heat resistance in the production of methacrylic acid, is present in the catalyst in an appropriate amount, a catalyst with even better heat resistance and methacrylic acid yield can be obtained.
- B/(A+B+C) is more preferably 0.2 or more.
- the upper limit of B/(A+B+C) is preferably 0.985 or less, more preferably 0.98 or less, even more preferably 0.485 or less, and particularly preferably 0.45 or less.
- the lower limit of A/(A+B+C) is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 0.53 or more, and even more preferably 0.56 or more from the viewpoint of methacrylic acid yield.
- the upper limit of A/(A+B+C) is preferably 0.885 or less, more preferably 0.78 or less, and particularly preferably 0.75 or less from the viewpoint of suppressing sequential oxidation of methacrylic acid.
- any combination of preferable upper and lower limits of C/(A+B+C), B/(A+B+C), and A/(A+B+C) can be selected, for example, C/(A+B+C) is 0.015 to 0.015.
- B/(A+B+C) may be 0.1 to 0.985, A/(A+B+C) may be 0 to 0.885, C/(A+B+C) may be 0.015 to 0.085, B/ (A+B+C) may be 0.1 to 0.485, A/(A+B+C) may be 0.5 to 0.885, C/(A+B+C) may be 0.02 to 0.08, and B/(A+B+C) may be 0 to 0.98, A/(A+B+C) may be 0 to 0.98, C/(A+B+C) may be 0.02 to 0.08, B/(A+B+C) may be 0.2 to 0.98, A/(A+B+C) may be 0 to 0.78, C/(A+B+C) may be 0.02 to 0.08, B/(A+B+C) may be 0.2 to 0.45, and A/(A+B+C) may be It may be between 0.53 and 0.75.
- the catalyst is produced by a method including steps (i) to (iii) described below; Examples include a method of adjusting the amount of tungsten raw material used in step (i) and the pH of the obtained liquid A, and a method of adjusting the firing temperature and time in step (iii).
- the 31 P-NMR spectrum is obtained by filling a sample tube with 300 mg of a powdered catalyst and performing measurement at room temperature using an apparatus such as AVANCE 300 (manufactured by Bruker).
- a 7 mm MAS probe is used for the measurement, and the measurement conditions are a resonance frequency of 121.4 MHz, a pulse width of 5.5 ⁇ s, a signal acquisition time of 0.066 seconds, a number of integrations of 64 times, a repetition waiting time of 150 seconds, and a MAS rotation speed of 5000 Hz.
- the horizontal axis is the chemical shift (ppm) and the vertical axis is the detection signal, observed in the ranges of -5.2 ppm or more and less than 0 ppm, -10 ppm or more and less than -5.2 ppm, and -20 ppm or more and less than -10 ppm.
- A, B, and C be the absolute values of the areas calculated by piecewise quadrature for the signals.
- the horizontal axis assumes that the chemical shift of the 85% phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 0 ppm.
- the catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to the present embodiment preferably has a composition represented by the following formula (I) from the viewpoint of methacrylic acid yield.
- the catalyst may contain a small amount of an element not described in the following formula (I).
- P, Mo, W, V, Cu and O represent phosphorus, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, copper and oxygen, respectively.
- A represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of antimony, bismuth, arsenic, germanium, tellurium, selenium, and silicon.
- E represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron, zinc, chromium, tantalum, cobalt, nickel, manganese, titanium, and niobium.
- G represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium and cesium.
- the lower limit of c is preferably 0.23 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more.
- the upper limit of c is preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, even more preferably 1 or less, and particularly preferably 0.8 or less.
- the lower limit of a is preferably 0.6 or more, and more preferably 0.7 or more.
- the upper limit of a is preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2 or less.
- the lower limit of d is preferably 0.1 or more, preferably 0.15 or more, and more preferably 0.2 or more.
- the upper limit of d is preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2 or less, and even more preferably 1.5 or less.
- the lower limit of e is preferably 0.03 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more. Further, the upper limit of e is preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2 or less.
- the lower limit of f is preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.1 or more. Further, the upper limit of f is preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2 or less. The upper limit of g is preferably 2 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less, and even more preferably 1 or less. The lower limit of h is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more. Further, the upper limit of h is preferably 2.8 or less, more preferably 2.5 or less.
- the molar ratio of each component is a value determined by analyzing the component obtained by dissolving the catalyst in aqueous ammonia using ICP emission spectrometry.
- the catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to the present embodiment can be produced according to a known catalyst production method if the above-mentioned C/(A+B+C) is 0.015 to 0.085 in the 31 P-NMR spectrum. However, it is preferably produced by a method including the following steps (i) to (iii). (i) A step of mixing a phosphorus raw material, a molybdenum raw material, and a tungsten raw material with a solvent to prepare a solution or slurry (liquid A) having a pH of 0.1 to 4. (ii) Drying the liquid A to obtain a dried product. (iii) A step of firing the dried product to obtain a fired product. Further, the method for producing a catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to the present embodiment may further include a molding step, which will be described later.
- a phosphorus raw material, a molybdenum raw material, and a tungsten raw material are mixed with a solvent to prepare a solution or slurry (liquid A) having a pH of 0.1 to 4.
- the liquid A may contain raw materials for elements other than phosphorus, molybdenum, and tungsten in the formula (I), and preferably contains raw materials for element G.
- Liquid A can be prepared by dissolving or suspending catalyst component raw materials, including a phosphorus raw material, a molybdenum raw material, and a tungsten raw material, in a solvent.
- the raw materials for the catalyst component are not particularly limited, and nitrates, carbonates, acetates, ammonium salts, oxides, halides, oxo acids, oxo acid salts, etc. of each constituent element of the catalyst may be used alone or in combination of two or more. can be used.
- Examples of the phosphorus raw material include phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide, ammonium phosphate, and the like.
- Examples of the molybdenum raw material include molybdenum oxide such as molybdenum trioxide, ammonium molybdate such as ammonium paramolybdate and ammonium dimolybdate, and molybdenum chloride.
- tungsten raw materials include tungsten oxide, sodium tungstate, phosphotungstic acid, ammonium metatungstate, etc., but tungsten raw materials with a solubility in water of 4.1 g/100 mL or more at 20°C account for 50% of the total tungsten raw materials. It is preferable that it is at least % by mass. As a result, a heteropolyacid in which the poly atom is tungsten can be efficiently formed, and a catalyst in which C/(A+B+C) is within a specified range can be easily obtained.
- the tungsten raw material having a solubility in water at 20° C. of 4.1 g/100 mL or more include phosphotungstic acid and ammonium metatungstate.
- the tungsten raw material it is more preferable that the tungsten raw material has a solubility in water of 4.1 g/100 mL or more at 20° C. in an amount of 70% by mass or more, and even more preferably 90% by mass or more.
- vanadium raw materials include, for example, ammonium metavanadate, vanadium pentoxide, vanadium chloride, vanadyl oxalate, and the like.
- copper raw materials include copper sulfate, copper nitrate, copper oxide, copper carbonate, copper acetate, and copper chloride.
- the concentration of the raw material for the catalyst component in liquid A is not particularly limited, but it is preferably within the range of 5 to 90% by mass.
- solvent examples include water, ethyl alcohol, acetone, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, it is preferable to use water from an industrial viewpoint.
- the heating temperature can usually be carried out in the range of 30 to 150°C, but preferably in the range of 60 to 150°C.
- the lower limit of the heating temperature is more preferably 80°C or higher, and even more preferably 90°C or higher.
- the upper limit of the heating temperature is more preferably 130°C or lower, and even more preferably 110°C or lower.
- the solvent may be concentrated or refluxed during heating, or heated under pressurized conditions by operating in a closed container.
- the heating rate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.8 to 15°C/min.
- the temperature increase rate is preferably 0.8 to 15°C/min.
- the time required for step (i) can be shortened.
- the temperature increase rate is 15° C./min or less, the temperature can be increased using ordinary temperature increase equipment.
- Stirring is preferably performed at a stirring power of 0.01 kW/m 3 or more, more preferably 0.05 kW/m 3 or more.
- the stirring power By setting the stirring power to 0.01 kW/m 3 or more, the temperature, components, and local unevenness of temperature of liquid A are reduced, and the structure suitable as a catalyst for producing ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid is stabilized. It is formed by Further, from the viewpoint of catalyst manufacturing cost, it is preferable that stirring is normally performed at a stirring power of 3.5 kW/m 3 or less.
- the pH of liquid A is 0.1 to 4, with a lower limit of 0.5 or more and an upper limit of 3 or less. This stabilizes the reaction for producing a heteropolyacid suitable for producing ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid.
- Methods for adjusting the pH of Solution A to 0.1 to 4 include, for example, using molybdenum trioxide as a molybdenum raw material, or selecting appropriate raw material compounds and adjusting the content of nitrate ions and oxalate ions. can be mentioned.
- step (ii) the liquid A obtained in step (i) is spray-dried to obtain a dried product.
- the drying method include known methods such as a drum drying method, a flash drying method, an evaporation drying method, and a spray drying method. Among these, it is preferable to use the spray drying method because it yields a particulate dried product and the dried product has a well-defined spherical shape.
- the drying temperature varies depending on the drying method, but it can usually be carried out at 100 to 500°C, with the lower limit preferably being 140°C or higher and the upper limit preferably being 400°C or lower.
- the drying is preferably carried out so that the moisture content of the dried product obtained is 4.5% by mass or less, more preferably from 0.1 to 4.5% by mass. These conditions are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the desired shape and size of the dried product.
- the dried product obtained in step (ii) may be molded as described below, if necessary.
- step (ii) the dried product obtained in step (ii) is molded as necessary. Note that the molding may be performed after the step (iii) described below.
- the molding method is not particularly limited, and known dry and wet molding methods can be applied, such as tablet molding, press molding, extrusion molding, granulation molding, etc.
- the shape of the molded product is not particularly limited, and examples include shapes such as a columnar shape, a ring shape, and a spherical shape. Further, during molding, it is preferable to mold only the dried product without adding a carrier or the like to the dried product, but if necessary, known additives such as graphite and talc may be added. Note that when a carrier is used, the carrier is not particularly limited, but silica is preferably used.
- Step (iii)> In the firing step, the dried product obtained in step (iii) and the molded dried product obtained in the molding step are fired to obtain a fired product.
- the firing can be performed under the flow of at least one of an oxygen-containing gas such as air and an inert gas, and it is preferable to perform the firing under the flow of an oxygen-containing gas such as air.
- an oxygen-containing gas such as air
- the inert gas refers to a gas that does not reduce catalyst activity, and includes nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, argon, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the shape of the firing container is not particularly limited, but a box-shaped, tubular, etc. container can be used. Moreover, it is possible to divide and fill a plurality of containers and bake them. Among these, it is preferable to use a tubular container with a cross-sectional area of 1 to 100 cm 2 .
- the firing temperature (maximum temperature during firing) is preferably 200 to 700°C, more preferably the lower limit is 320°C or higher and the upper limit is 450°C or lower.
- the calcined product obtained as described above can be used as a catalyst for producing methacrylic acid. Further, the fired product may be molded as described in the molding step. In this embodiment, the fired product and the fired product after molding are collectively referred to as a catalyst.
- methacrolein is oxidized using the catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to the present embodiment. Furthermore, in the method for producing methacrylic acid according to the present embodiment, methacrolein is oxidized using the catalyst for producing methacrylic acid produced by the method for producing methacrylic acid according to the present embodiment. According to these methods, methacrylic acid can be produced in high yield.
- the method for producing methacrylic acid according to this embodiment can be carried out by bringing the catalyst for producing methacrylic acid according to this embodiment into contact with a raw material gas containing methacrolein.
- a fixed bed reactor can be used in this reaction.
- the reaction can be carried out by filling a reactor with a catalyst and supplying raw material gas to the reactor.
- the catalyst layer may be one layer, or a plurality of catalysts having different activities may be divided into a plurality of layers and packed therein. Further, in order to control the activity, the catalyst may be diluted and packed with an inert carrier.
- the methacrolein concentration in the raw material gas is preferably 1 to 20% by volume, with a lower limit of 3% by volume or more and an upper limit of 10% by volume or less.
- the raw material methacrolein may contain a small amount of impurities such as lower saturated aldehydes that do not substantially affect the reaction.
- the oxygen source for the raw material gas is not particularly limited, but it is industrially advantageous to use air. Further, if necessary, a gas such as air mixed with pure oxygen can also be used.
- the proportion of oxygen in the raw material gas is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.4 to 4 moles per mole of methacrolein, and more preferably the lower limit is 0.5 mole or more and the upper limit is 3 moles or less.
- the raw material gas may be diluted with an inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide. Furthermore, water vapor may be added to the raw material gas. By carrying out the reaction in the presence of water vapor, methacrylic acid can be obtained in higher yields.
- concentration of water vapor in the raw material gas is preferably 0.1 to 50% by volume, the lower limit is preferably 1% by volume or more, and the upper limit is more preferably 40% by volume.
- the contact time between the raw material gas and the catalyst for producing methacrylic acid is preferably 1.5 to 15 seconds, with a lower limit of 2 seconds or more and an upper limit of 10 seconds or less.
- the reaction pressure is preferably 0.1 to 1 MPa (G). However, (G) means gauge pressure.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 200 to 450°C, more preferably the lower limit is 250°C or higher and the upper limit is 400°C or lower.
- the position of the catalyst in the reactor, the proportion of the catalyst in the reactor, etc. are not particularly limited, and commonly used forms can be applied.
- methacrylic acid produced by the production method according to the present embodiment is esterified. That is, the method for producing methacrylic acid ester according to the present embodiment includes a step of producing methacrylic acid by the method according to the present embodiment, and a step of esterifying the methacrylic acid.
- the alcohol to be reacted with methacrylic acid is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, and the like.
- Examples of the resulting methacrylic ester include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, and isobutyl methacrylate.
- the esterification reaction can be carried out in the presence of an acidic catalyst such as a sulfonic acid type cation exchange resin.
- the temperature during the esterification reaction is preferably 50 to 200°C.
- the pressure during the esterification reaction, the position of the catalyst in the reactor, the ratio of the catalyst in the reactor, etc. are not particularly limited, and commonly used forms can be applied.
- Catalyst composition ratio The molar ratio of each component was determined by analyzing the components obtained by dissolving the catalyst in aqueous ammonia using ICP emission spectrometry.
- the 31 P-NMR spectrum was measured at room temperature using AVANCE 300 (manufactured by Bruker) after filling a sample tube with 300 mg of the powdered catalyst.
- AVANCE 300 manufactured by Bruker
- a 7 mm MAS probe was used for the measurement, and the measurement conditions were a resonance frequency of 121.4 MHz, a pulse width of 5.5 ⁇ s, a signal acquisition time of 0.066 seconds, a number of integrations of 64 times, a repetition waiting time of 150 seconds, and a MAS rotation speed of 5000 Hz.
- the horizontal axis is the chemical shift (ppm) and the vertical axis is the detection signal, observed in the ranges of -5.2 ppm or more and less than 0 ppm, -10 ppm or more and less than -5.2 ppm, and -20 ppm or more and less than -10 ppm.
- the absolute values of the areas calculated by piecewise quadrature for the signals were designated as A, B, and C, respectively.
- the horizontal axis represents the chemical shift of the 85% phosphoric acid aqueous solution as 0 ppm.
- the thermal decomposition temperature which is an index of the heat resistance of the catalyst, was measured using a TG/DTA measuring device as follows. Using 50 mg of alumina as a reference, 50 mg of a powdered catalyst was heated from room temperature to 550° C. at a rate of 10° C./min in an air atmosphere. In the temperature range of 380° C. or higher in the obtained DTA curve, the exothermic start temperature at which a heat generation of 1.8 ⁇ V or higher was observed when the temperature was increased by 15° C. was defined as the thermal decomposition temperature. The higher the thermal decomposition temperature of the catalyst, the higher the heat resistance.
- tungsten raw material The tungsten raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are as follows. Ammonium metatungstate (manufactured by Japan Inorganic Chemical Industry) Solubility in water at 20°C: 10g/100mL Phosphortungstic acid (manufactured by Japan Inorganic Chemical Industry) Solubility in water at 20°C: 40g/100mL or more
- Example 1 In 1200 parts of pure water at room temperature, 294.0 parts of molybdenum trioxide, 10.2 parts of ammonium metavanadate, 10.6 parts of ammonium metatungstate, and 30.0 parts of an 85% by mass phosphoric acid aqueous solution were diluted with 36 parts of pure water. The diluted solution was mixed with a solution of 6.3 parts of copper (II) nitrate trihydrate dissolved in 9.0 parts of pure water. The resulting slurry was heated to 95°C at 2°C/min and stirred for 2 hours. Next, a solution of 40.4 parts of cesium bicarbonate dissolved in 60 parts of pure water at room temperature was mixed and stirred at 95° C. for 15 minutes.
- Solution A a solution prepared by dissolving 27.5 parts of ammonium carbonate in 78 parts of pure water was mixed and stirred at 95° C. for 15 minutes to obtain Solution A.
- Table 1 shows the pH of Solution A.
- the obtained liquid A was heated and evaporated to dryness to obtain a dried product.
- the obtained dried product was pressure-molded, crushed, and classified using a sieve so that the particle size was within the range of 710 ⁇ m to 2.36 mm.
- the obtained sized body was fired at 380° C. for 5 hours under air circulation, and the obtained fired product was used as a catalyst.
- the composition of the catalyst excluding oxygen was P 1.5 Mo 11.8 W 0.2 V 0.5 Cu 0.15 Cs 1.2 .
- Example 2 Solution A was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that molybdenum trioxide was changed to 292.1 parts and ammonium metatungstate was changed to 13.6 parts. Table 1 shows the pH of Solution A. The obtained liquid A was heated and evaporated to dryness to obtain a dried product. A catalyst was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained dried product. The composition of the catalyst excluding oxygen was P 1.5 Mo 11.7 W 0.3 V 0.5 Cu 0.15 Cs 1.2 . Furthermore, 31 P-NMR measurements and thermal decomposition temperature measurements were performed on the catalyst. The results are shown in Table 1. Using the obtained catalyst, an oxidation reaction of methacrolein was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The reaction results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 Solution A was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that molybdenum trioxide was changed to 287.1 parts and ammonium metatungstate was changed to 22.6 parts.
- Table 1 shows the pH of Solution A.
- the obtained liquid A was heated and evaporated to dryness to obtain a dried product.
- a catalyst was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained dried product.
- the composition of the catalyst excluding oxygen was P 1.5 Mo 11.5 W 0.5 V 0.5 Cu 0.15 Cs 1.2 .
- 31 P-NMR measurements and thermal decomposition temperature measurements were performed on the catalyst. The results are shown in Table 1.
- an oxidation reaction of methacrolein was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The reaction results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 Example 1 except that molybdenum trioxide was used as 285.0 parts, 85% by mass phosphoric acid aqueous solution was used as 29.0 parts, and phosphotungstic acid was used as 29.7 parts instead of 10.6 parts of ammonium metatungstate.
- Solution A was obtained in the same manner. Table 1 shows the pH of Solution A. The obtained liquid A was heated and evaporated to dryness to obtain a dried product. A catalyst was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained dried product. The composition of the catalyst excluding oxygen was P 1.5 Mo 11.4 W 0.6 V 0.5 Cu 0.15 Cs 1.2 . Furthermore, 31 P-NMR measurements and thermal decomposition temperature measurements were performed on the catalyst. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 Using the obtained catalyst, an oxidation reaction of methacrolein was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The reaction results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 Solution A was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that molybdenum trioxide was changed to 277.2 parts and ammonium metatungstate was changed to 40.8 parts.
- Table 1 shows the pH of Solution A.
- the obtained liquid A was heated and evaporated to dryness to obtain a dried product.
- a catalyst was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained dried product.
- the composition of the catalyst excluding oxygen was P 1.5 Mo 11.1 W 0.9 V 0.5 Cu 0.15 Cs 1.2 .
- 31 P-NMR measurements and thermal decomposition temperature measurements were performed on the catalyst. The results are shown in Table 1.
- an oxidation reaction of methacrolein was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The reaction results are shown in Table 1.
- Solution A was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that molybdenum trioxide was changed to 270.0 parts and ammonium metatungstate was changed to 53.2 parts.
- Table 1 shows the pH of Solution A.
- the obtained liquid A was heated and evaporated to dryness to obtain a dried product.
- a catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained dried product.
- the composition of the catalyst excluding oxygen was P 1.5 Mo 10.8 W 1.2 V 0.5 Cu 0.15 Cs 1.2 .
- 31 P-NMR measurements and thermal decomposition temperature measurements were performed on the catalyst. The results are shown in Table 1.
- an oxidation reaction of methacrolein was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The reaction results are shown in Table 1.
- Solution A was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that molybdenum trioxide was changed to 255.0 parts and ammonium metatungstate was changed to 79.8 parts.
- Table 1 shows the pH of Solution A.
- the obtained liquid A was heated and evaporated to dryness to obtain a dried product.
- a catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained dried product.
- the composition of the catalyst excluding oxygen was P 1.5 Mo 10.2 W 1.8 V 0.5 Cu 0.15 Cs 1.2 .
- 31 P-NMR measurements and thermal decomposition temperature measurements were performed on the catalyst. The results are shown in Table 1.
- an oxidation reaction of methacrolein was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The reaction results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 except that the molybdenum trioxide was 270.0 parts, the 85% by mass phosphoric acid aqueous solution was 27.4 parts, and 59.4 parts of phosphotungstic acid was used instead of 10.6 parts of ammonium metatungstate.
- Solution A was obtained in the same manner. Table 1 shows the pH of Solution A. The obtained liquid A was heated and evaporated to dryness to obtain a dried product. A catalyst was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the obtained dried product. The composition of the catalyst excluding oxygen was P 1.47 Mo 10.8 W 1.2 V 0.5 Cu 0.15 Cs 1.2 . Furthermore, 31 P-NMR measurements and thermal decomposition temperature measurements were performed on the catalyst. The results are shown in Table 1. Using the obtained catalyst, an oxidation reaction of methacrolein was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The reaction results are shown in Table 1.
- the obtained sized body was fired at 380° C. for 5 hours under air circulation, and the obtained fired product was used as a catalyst.
- the composition of the catalyst excluding oxygen was P 1 W 12 .
- 31 P-NMR measurements and thermal decomposition temperature measurements were performed on the catalyst. The results are shown in Table 1. Using the obtained catalyst, an oxidation reaction of methacrolein was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The reaction results are shown in Table 1.
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Abstract
Description
PaMobVcXdYeOf
(式中、P、Mo、VおよびOはそれぞれリン、モリブデン、バナジウムおよび酸素を表し、Xはカリウム、ルビジウム、セシウムおよびタリウムから選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素を表し、Yは銅、ヒ素、アンチモン、ホウ素、銀、ビスマス、鉄、コバルト、ランタンおよびセリウムから選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素を表す。a、b、c、d、eおよびfはそれぞれP、Mo、V、X、YおよびOの原子比を表し、b=12としたとき、a、c、dおよびeはそれぞれ独立して0を越える3以下の値であり、fは酸素以外の各元素の酸化状態および原子比によって定まる値である。)
本発明の目的は、耐熱性が高く、かつ高い収率でメタクリル酸を製造できる触媒を提供することである。また本発明の目的は、この触媒を用いたメタクリル酸およびメタクリル酸エステルの製造方法を提供することである。
すなわち、本発明は以下のものを含む。
[1]:メタクロレインの酸化によりメタクリル酸を製造する際に用いられる触媒であって、
前記触媒は、リン、モリブデンおよびタングステンを含むヘテロポリ酸を含有し、
前記触媒の31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、-5.2ppm以上0ppm未満の範囲に観察されるシグナルの面積をA、-10ppm以上-5.2ppm未満の範囲に観察されるシグナルの面積をB、-20ppm以上-10ppm未満の範囲に観察されるシグナルの面積をCとしたとき、C/(A+B+C)が0.015~0.085である、メタクリル酸製造用触媒。
[2]:前記31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、B/(A+B+C)が0.1~0.485である、[1]に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
[3]:前記31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、A/(A+B+C)が0.5~0.885である、[1]または[2]に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
[4]:前記31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、C/(A+B+C)が0.02~0.08である、[1]から[3]のいずれかに記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
[5]:前記31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、B/(A+B+C)が0.2~0.045である[1]から[4]のいずれかに記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
[6]:前記31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、A/(A+B+C)が0.53~0.75である、[1]から[5]のいずれかに記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
[7]:下記式(I)で表される組成を有する、[1]から[6]のいずれかに記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
PaMobWcVdCueAfEgGhOi (I)
式(I)中、P、Mo、W、V、CuおよびOは、それぞれ、リン、モリブデン、タングステン、バナジウム、銅および酸素を表す。Aはアンチモン、ビスマス、砒素、ゲルマニウム、テルル、セレンおよびケイ素からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表す。Eは鉄、亜鉛、クロム、タンタル、コバルト、ニッケル、マンガン、チタンおよびニオブからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の元素を示す。Gはカリウム、ルビジウムおよびセシウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表す。a~iは各成分のモル比率を表し、b+c=12、a=0.5~3、c=0.22~5、d=0.01~3、e=0.01~2、f=0~3、g=0~3、h=0.01~3であり、iは前記各成分の価数を満足するのに必要な酸素のモル比率である。
[8]:前記式(I)において、c=0.22~3である、[7]に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒
[9]:[1]から[8]のいずれかに記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒の製造方法であって、
(i)リン原料、モリブデン原料およびタングステン原料を溶媒と混合し、pHが0.1~4である溶液またはスラリー(A液)を調製する工程と、
(ii)前記A液を乾燥して乾燥物を得る工程と、
(iii)前記乾燥物を焼成して焼成物を得る工程と、
を含むメタクリル酸製造用触媒の製造方法。
[10]:前記工程(i)において、20℃における水に対する溶解度が4.1g/100mL以上であるタングステン原料が、タングステン原料全体の50質量%以上である、[9]に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒の製造方法。
[11]:前記工程(i)において、前記A液のpHが0.1~3である、[9]または[10]に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒の製造方法。
[12]:[1]から[8]のいずれかに記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒を用いてメタクロレインを酸化し、メタクリル酸を製造する工程を含む、メタクリル酸の製造方法。
[13]:[9]から[12]のいずいれか1項に記載の方法により製造されたメタクリル酸製造用触媒を用いてメタクロレインを酸化し、メタクリル酸を製造する工程を含む、メタクリル酸の製造方法。
[14]:[12]または[13]に記載の方法により製造されたメタクリル酸をエステル化する工程を含む、メタクリル酸エステルの製造方法。
なお本明細書において、「~」を用いて表される数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載された数値を下限値および上限値として含む範囲を意味し、「A~B」は、A以上B以下であることを意味する。
本実施形態に係るメタクリル酸製造用触媒は、メタクロレインの酸化によりメタクリル酸を製造する際に用いられる触媒であって、リン、モリブデンおよびタングステンを含むヘテロポリ酸を含有する。また該触媒の31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、-5.2ppm以上0ppm未満の範囲に観察されるシグナルの面積をA、-10ppm以上-5.2ppm未満の範囲に観察されるシグナルの面積をB、-20ppm以上-10ppm未満の範囲に観察されるシグナルの面積をCとしたとき、C/(A+B+C)は0.015~0.085である。
このような触媒は耐熱性が高く、かつメタクリル酸を高収率で製造できる。
触媒の31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、A、BおよびCは、主にケギン型ヘテロポリ酸構造に由来するシグナルの面積である。具体的には、Aは主にヘテロ原子がリンであり、ポリ原子がモリブデンである構造(以下、構造Aとも記す)に由来するシグナルの面積である。Bは主にヘテロ原子がリンであり、ポリ原子のうち1~5個がタングステンやバナジウムなどの原子であり、残りがモリブデンである構造(以下、構造Bとも記す)に由来するシグナルの面積である。またCは主にヘテロ原子がリンであり、ポリ原子のうち6~12個がタングステンやバナジウムなどの原子であり、残りがモリブデンである構造(以下、構造Cとも記す)に由来するシグナルの面積である。
触媒が構造Aおよび構造Bを含むことで、メタクリル酸製造において良好な収率を示す。一方、構造Aが過剰に存在する場合、メタクリル酸の逐次酸化反応が促進するため収率は減少する傾向がある。また構造Bおよび構造Cは、構造Aと比較して熱分解温度が高く、耐熱性に優れる。ポリ原子の多くがWやVなどの原子である構造Cは、特に耐熱性に優れる。
B/(A+B+C)は0.1以上が好ましい。このとき、メタクリル酸製造における収率と耐熱性の両方に優れた構造Bが適度に触媒に存在するため、より耐熱性およびメタクリル酸収率に優れた触媒が得られる。B/(A+B+C)は0.2以上がより好ましい。またB/(A+B+C)の上限は、0.985以下が好ましく、0.98以下がより好ましく、0.485以下がさらに好ましく、0.45以下が特に好ましい。
A/(A+B+C)の下限は、メタクリル酸収率の観点から0.5以上が好ましく、0.53以上がより好ましく、0.56以上がさらに好ましい。またA/(A+B+C)の上限は、メタクリル酸の逐次酸化抑制の観点から0.885以下が好ましく、0.78以下がより好ましく、0.75以下が特に好ましい。
なお、上記のC/(A+B+C)、B/(A+B+C)及びA/(A+B+C)の好ましい上限と下限はそれぞれ任意の組合せを選択することができ、例えば、C/(A+B+C)が0.015~0.085、B/(A+B+C)が0.1~0.985、A/(A+B+C)が0~0.885であってよく、C/(A+B+C)が0.015~0.085、B/(A+B+C)が0.1~0.485、A/(A+B+C)が0.5~0.885であってよく、C/(A+B+C)が0.02~0.08、B/(A+B+C)が0~0.98、A/(A+B+C)が0~0.98であってよく、C/(A+B+C)が0.02~0.08、B/(A+B+C)が0.2~0.98、A/(A+B+C)が0~0.78であってよく、C/(A+B+C)が0.02~0.08、B/(A+B+C)が0.2~0.45、A/(A+B+C)が0.53~0.75であってよい。
本実施形態に係るメタクリル酸製造用触媒は、メタクリル酸収率の観点から、下記式(I)で表される組成を有することが好ましい。なお、触媒は下記式(I)に記載のない元素を少量含んでいてもよい。
PaMobWcVdCueAfEgGhOi (I)
式(I)中、P、Mo、W、V、CuおよびOは、それぞれ、リン、モリブデン、タングステン、バナジウム、銅および酸素を表す。Aはアンチモン、ビスマス、砒素、ゲルマニウム、テルル、セレンおよびケイ素からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表す。Eは鉄、亜鉛、クロム、タンタル、コバルト、ニッケル、マンガン、チタンおよびニオブからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の元素を示す。Gはカリウム、ルビジウムおよびセシウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表す。a~iは、各成分のモル比率を表し、b+c=12、a=0.5~3、c=0.22~5、d=0.01~3、e=0.01~2、f=0~3、g=0~3、h=0.01~3であり、iは前記各成分の価数を満足するのに必要な酸素のモル比率である。
本実施形態に係るメタクリル酸製造用触媒は、31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて上述のC/(A+B+C)が0.015~0.085であれば、公知の触媒の製造方法に準じて製造することができるが、下記の工程(i)~(iii)を含む方法により製造されることが好ましい。
(i)リン原料、モリブデン原料およびタングステン原料を溶媒と混合し、pHが0.1~4である溶液またはスラリー(A液)を調製する工程。
(ii)前記A液を乾燥して乾燥物を得る工程。
(iii)前記乾燥物を焼成して焼成物を得る工程。
また本実施形態に係るメタクリル酸製造用触媒の製造方法は、後述する成形工程をさらに有していてもよい。
<工程(i)>
工程(i)では、リン原料、モリブデン原料およびタングステン原料を溶媒と混合し、pHが0.1~4である溶液またはスラリー(A液)を調製する。A液は、前記式(I)におけるリン、モリブデンおよびタングステン以外の元素の原料を混合してもよく、G元素の原料を混合することが好ましい。
A液は、リン原料、モリブデン原料およびタングステン原料を含む触媒成分の原料を、溶媒に溶解または懸濁させることにより調製することができる。
前記触媒成分の原料は特に限定されず、触媒の各構成元素の硝酸塩、炭酸塩、酢酸塩、アンモニウム塩、酸化物、ハロゲン化物、オキソ酸、オキソ酸塩等を単独でまたは2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
前記溶媒としては、例えば、水、エチルアルコール、アセトン等が挙げられる。これらは1種を用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの中でも、工業的な観点から水を用いることが好ましい。
A液は、調製容器を用いて、溶媒に触媒成分の原料を加え、加熱しながら撹拌して調製することが好ましい。これにより、メタクリル酸の製造において好適なヘテロポリ酸が十分に生成される。
A液のpHは0.1~4であり、下限は0.5以上、上限は3以下が好ましい。これにより、α、β-不飽和カルボン酸製造に好適なヘテロポリ酸の生成反応が安定化する。A液のpHを0.1~4とする方法としては、例えばモリブデン原料として三酸化モリブデンを使用する、または原料化合物を適宜選択し、硝酸イオンやシュウ酸イオンの含有量を調整する等の方法が挙げられる。
工程(ii)では、前記工程(i)で得られたA液を噴霧乾燥して乾燥物を得る。
乾燥方法としては、例えば、ドラム乾燥法、気流乾燥法、蒸発乾固法、噴霧乾燥法等の公知の方法が挙げられる。これらの中では、粒子状の乾燥物が得られること、乾燥物の形状が整った球形であることから、噴霧乾燥法を用いることが好ましい。
工程(ii)で得られた乾燥物は、必要に応じて後述する成形を行ってもよい。
成形工程では、前記工程(ii)で得られた乾燥物を必要に応じて成形する。なお、成形は後述する工程(iii)の後に行ってもよい。
焼成工程では、前記工程(iii)で得られた乾燥物、および前記成形工程で得られた成形後の乾燥物を焼成して焼成物を得る。
本実施形態に係るメタクリル酸の製造方法では、本実施形態に係るメタクリル酸製造用触媒を用いてメタクロレインを酸化する。また本実施形態に係るメタクリル酸の製造方法では、本実施形態に係る製造方法により製造されたメタクリル酸製造用触媒を用いて、メタクロレインを酸化する。これらの方法によれば、高い収率でメタクリル酸を製造することができる。
本実施形態に係るメタクリル酸エステルの製造方法では、本実施形態に係る製造方法により製造されたメタクリル酸をエステル化する。すなわち、本実施形態に係るメタクリル酸エステルの製造方法は、本実施形態に係る方法によりメタクリル酸を製造する工程と、該メタクリル酸をエステル化する工程とを含む。
各成分のモル比率は、触媒をアンモニア水に溶解した成分をICP発光分析法で分析することによって求めた。
31P-NMRスペクトルは、粉末状の触媒300mgを試料管に充填し、AVANCE 300(Bruker製)を用いて室温で測定を行った。測定には7mmMASプローブを用い、測定条件は共鳴周波数121.4MHz、パルス幅5.5μ秒、信号取り込み時間0.066秒、積算回数64回、繰り返し待ち時間150秒、MAS回転数5000Hzとした。横軸を化学シフト(ppm)、縦軸を検出シグナルとした31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、-5.2ppm以上0ppm未満、-10ppm以上-5.2ppm未満および-20ppm以上-10ppm未満の範囲に観察されるシグナルについて、区分求積により面積を算出した絶対値を、それぞれA、BおよびCとした。なお横軸は、85%リン酸水溶液の化学シフトを0ppmとしたものとした。
触媒の耐熱性の指標である熱分解温度は、TG/DTA測定装置により以下の通り測定した。リファレンスとしてアルミナ50mgを用い、粉末状の触媒50mgについて、空気雰囲気で室温から550℃まで10℃/分で昇温を行った。得られたDTA曲線の380℃以上の温度領域において、15℃の昇温で1.8μV以上の発熱が見られたときの発熱開始温度を熱分解温度とした。触媒の熱分解温度が高いほど、耐熱性が高いことを意味する。
原料ガス及び生成物の分析は、以下のガスクロマトグラフィーを用いて行った。
島津製作所製GC-2014(カラム:J&W社製DB-FFAP、30m×0.32mm、膜厚1.0μm)
島津製作所製GC-8A(カラム:モレキュラーシーブ、2.0M×3.0mmID)
島津製作所製GC-8A(カラム:ポラパックQ、2.0M×3.0mmID)
メタクロレインの収率は、次式により算出した。
メタクリル酸の収率(%)=(N2/N1)×100
ここで、N1は供給したメタクロレインのモル数、N2は生成したメタクリル酸のモル数である。
実施例および比較例で用いたタングステン原料は以下の通りである。
メタタングステン酸アンモニウム(日本無機化学工業製) 20℃における水に対する溶解度:10g/100mL
リンタングステン酸(日本無機化学工業製) 20℃における水に対する溶解度:40g/100mL以上
室温の純水1200部に、三酸化モリブデン294.0部、メタバナジン酸アンモニウム10.2部、メタタングステン酸アンモニウム10.6部、85質量%リン酸水溶液30.0部を純水36部で希釈した希釈物、および硝酸銅(II)三水和物6.3部を純水9.0部に溶解した溶解物を混合した。得られたスラリーを2℃/分で95℃まで加熱し、2時間撹拌し。次いで、重炭酸セシウム40.4部を室温の純水60部に溶解した溶解物を混合し、95℃で15分撹拌した。次いで、炭酸アンモニウム27.5部を純水78部に溶解した溶解物を混合し、95℃で15分撹拌してA液を得た。A液のpHを表1に示す。
得られたA液を加熱して蒸発乾固させ、乾燥物を得た。
得られた乾燥物を加圧成形し、破砕し、粒径が710μm~2.36mmの範囲内になるように篩いを用いて分級した。得られた整粒体を空気流通下、380℃で5時間焼成し、得られた焼成物を触媒とした。該触媒の酸素を除く組成は、P1.5Mo11.8W0.2V0.5Cu0.15Cs1.2であった。また、該触媒について31P-NMR測定および熱分解温度の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた触媒8gをシリコンカーバイド10gで希釈し、固定床流通式反応器に充填した。次いで、メタクロレイン5容量%、酸素10容量%、水蒸気30容量%および窒素55容量%からなる原料ガスを、接触時間178hr・g/molで流通させ、反応温度300℃にてメタクロレインの酸化反応を行った。反応成績を表1に示す。
<実施例2>
三酸化モリブデンを292.1部とし、メタタングステン酸アンモニウムを13.6部とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でA液を得た。A液のpHを表1に示す。
得られたA液を加熱して蒸発乾燥固させ、乾燥物を得た。
得られた乾燥物を用い、実施例1と同様の方法で触媒を得た。該触媒の酸素を除く組成は、P1.5Mo11.7W0.3V0.5Cu0.15Cs1.2であった。また、該触媒について31P-NMR測定および熱分解温度の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた触媒を用い、実施例1と同様の方法でメタクロレインの酸化反応を行った。反応成績を表1に示す。
<実施例3>
三酸化モリブデンを287.1部とし、メタタングステン酸アンモニウムを22.6部とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でA液を得た。A液のpHを表1に示す。
得られたA液を加熱して蒸発乾燥固させ、乾燥物を得た。
得られた乾燥物を用い、実施例1と同様の方法で触媒を得た。該触媒の酸素を除く組成は、P1.5Mo11.5W0.5V0.5Cu0.15Cs1.2であった。また、該触媒について31P-NMR測定および熱分解温度の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた触媒を用い、実施例1と同様の方法でメタクロレインの酸化反応を行った。反応成績を表1に示す。
三酸化モリブデンを285.0部とし、85質量%リン酸水溶液29.0部とし、メタタングステン酸アンモニウム10.6部の代わりにリンタングステン酸29.7部を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でA液を得た。A液のpHを表1に示す。
得られたA液を加熱して蒸発乾燥固させ、乾燥物を得た。
得られた乾燥物を用い、実施例1と同様の方法で触媒を得た。該触媒の酸素を除く組成は、P1.5Mo11.4W0.6V0.5Cu0.15Cs1.2であった。また、該触媒について31P-NMR測定および熱分解温度の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた触媒を用い、実施例1と同様の方法でメタクロレインの酸化反応を行った。反応成績を表1に示す。
<実施例5>
三酸化モリブデンを277.2部とし、メタタングステン酸アンモニウムを40.8部とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でA液を得た。A液のpHを表1に示す。
得られたA液を加熱して蒸発乾燥固させ、乾燥物を得た。
得られた乾燥物を用い、実施例1と同様の方法で触媒を得た。該触媒の酸素を除く組成は、P1.5Mo11.1W0.9V0.5Cu0.15Cs1.2であった。また、該触媒について31P-NMR測定および熱分解温度の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた触媒を用い、実施例1と同様の方法でメタクロレインの酸化反応を行った。反応成績を表1に示す。
三酸化モリブデンを270.0部とし、メタタングステン酸アンモニウムを53.2部とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でA液を得た。A液のpHを表1に示す。
得られたA液を加熱して蒸発乾燥固させ、乾燥物を得た。
得られた乾燥物を用い、実施例1と同様の方法で触媒を製造した。該触媒の酸素を除く組成は、P1.5Mo10.8W1.2V0.5Cu0.15Cs1.2であった。また、該触媒について31P-NMR測定および熱分解温度の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた触媒を用い、実施例1と同様の方法でメタクロレインの酸化反応を行った。反応成績を表1に示す。
三酸化モリブデンを255.0部とし、メタタングステン酸アンモニウムを79.8部とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でA液を得た。A液のpHを表1に示す。
得られたA液を加熱して蒸発乾燥固させ、乾燥物を得た。
得られた乾燥物を用い、実施例1と同様の方法で触媒を製造した。該触媒の酸素を除く組成は、P1.5Mo10.2W1.8V0.5Cu0.15Cs1.2であった。また、該触媒について31P-NMR測定および熱分解温度の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた触媒を用い、実施例1と同様の方法でメタクロレインの酸化反応を行った。反応成績を表1に示す。
三酸化モリブデンを270.0部とし、85質量%リン酸水溶液27.4部とし、メタタングステン酸アンモニウム10.6部の代わりにリンタングステン酸59.4部を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でA液を得た。A液のpHを表1に示す。
得られたA液を加熱して蒸発乾燥固させ、乾燥物を得た。
得られた乾燥物を用い、実施例1と同様の方法で触媒を製造した。該触媒の酸素を除く組成は、P1.47Mo10.8W1.2V0.5Cu0.15Cs1.2であった。また、該触媒について31P-NMR測定および熱分解温度の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた触媒を用い、実施例1と同様の方法でメタクロレインの酸化反応を行った。反応成績を表1に示す。
リンタングステン酸300.0部を加圧成形し、破砕し、粒径が710μm~2.36mmの範囲内になるように篩いを用いて分級した。得られた整粒体を空気流通下、380℃で5時間焼成し、得られた焼成物を触媒とした。該触媒の酸素を除く組成は、P1W12であった。また、該触媒について31P-NMR測定および熱分解温度の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた触媒を用い、実施例1と同様の方法でメタクロレインの酸化反応を行った。反応成績を表1に示す。
リンモリブデン酸(日本無機化学工業製)300.0部を380℃で5時間焼成し、得られた粉体を破砕し、粒径が710μm~2.36mmの範囲内になるように篩いを用いて分級した。得られた整粒体を空気流通下、380℃で5時間焼成することで、触媒を製造した。該触媒の酸素を除く組成は、P1Mo12であった。また、該触媒について31P-NMR測定および熱分解温度の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた触媒を用い、実施例1と同様の方法でメタクロレインの酸化反応を行った。反応成績を表1に示す。
なお、本実施例で得られたメタクリル酸をエステル化することで、メタクリル酸エステルを得ることができる。
Claims (14)
- メタクロレインの酸化によりメタクリル酸を製造する際に用いられる触媒であって、
前記触媒は、リン、モリブデンおよびタングステンを含むヘテロポリ酸を含有し、
前記触媒の31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、-5.2ppm以上0ppm未満の範囲に観察されるシグナルの面積をA、-10ppm以上-5.2ppm未満の範囲に観察されるシグナルの面積をB、-20ppm以上-10ppm未満の範囲に観察されるシグナルの面積をCとしたとき、C/(A+B+C)が0.015~0.085である、メタクリル酸製造用触媒。 - 前記31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、B/(A+B+C)が0.1~0.485である、請求項1に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
- 前記31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、A/(A+B+C)が0.5~0.885である、請求項1または2に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
- 前記31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、C/(A+B+C)が0.02~0.08である、請求項1に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
- 前記31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、B/(A+B+C)が0.2~0.45である、請求項4に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
- 前記31P-NMRスペクトルにおいて、A/(A+B+C)が0.53~0.75である、請求項4または5に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
- 下記式(I)で表される組成を有する、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒。
PaMobWcVdCueAfEgGhOi (I)
式(I)中、P、Mo、W、V、CuおよびOは、それぞれ、リン、モリブデン、タングステン、バナジウム、銅および酸素を表す。Aはアンチモン、ビスマス、砒素、ゲルマニウム、テルル、セレンおよびケイ素からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表す。Eは鉄、亜鉛、クロム、タンタル、コバルト、ニッケル、マンガン、チタンおよびニオブからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の元素を示す。Gはカリウム、ルビジウムおよびセシウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表す。a~iは各成分のモル比率を表し、b+c=12、a=0.5~3、c=0.22~5、d=0.01~3、e=0.01~2、f=0~3、g=0~3、h=0.01~3であり、iは前記各成分の価数を満足するのに必要な酸素のモル比率である。 - 前記式(I)において、c=0.22~3である、請求項7に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒
- 請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒の製造方法であって、
(i)リン原料、モリブデン原料およびタングステン原料を溶媒と混合し、pHが0.1~4である溶液またはスラリー(A液)を調製する工程と、
(ii)前記A液を乾燥して乾燥物を得る工程と、
(iii)前記乾燥物を焼成して焼成物を得る工程と、
を含むメタクリル酸製造用触媒の製造方法。 - 前記工程(i)において、20℃における水に対する溶解度が4.1g/100mL以上であるタングステン原料が、タングステン原料全体の50質量%以上である、請求項9に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒の製造方法。
- 前記工程(i)において、前記A液のpHが0.1~3である、請求項9または10に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒の製造方法。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載のメタクリル酸製造用触媒を用いてメタクロレインを酸化し、メタクリル酸を製造する工程を含む、メタクリル酸の製造方法。
- 請求項9から11のいずれか1項に記載の方法により製造されたメタクリル酸製造用触媒を用いてメタクロレインを酸化し、メタクリル酸を製造する工程を含む、メタクリル酸の製造方法。
- 請求項12または13に記載の方法により製造されたメタクリル酸をエステル化する工程を含む、メタクリル酸エステルの製造方法。
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| JP2024509210A JPWO2023182425A1 (ja) | 2022-03-24 | 2023-03-23 | |
| CN202380029071.1A CN119013098A (zh) | 2022-03-24 | 2023-03-23 | 甲基丙烯酸制造用催化剂、其制造方法、以及使用该催化剂制造甲基丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸酯的方法 |
| KR1020247034439A KR20240160643A (ko) | 2022-03-24 | 2023-03-23 | 메타크릴산 제조용 촉매, 그 제조 방법, 그리고 이것을 사용한 메타크릴산 및 메타크릴산에스테르의 제조 방법 |
| US18/891,868 US20250010276A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2024-09-20 | Catalyst for methacrylic acid production, method for producing same, and method for producing methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters using catalyst |
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| US18/891,868 Continuation US20250010276A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2024-09-20 | Catalyst for methacrylic acid production, method for producing same, and method for producing methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters using catalyst |
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| KR (1) | KR20240160643A (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS551880A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-01-09 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | Catalyst |
| US4522934A (en) * | 1981-04-27 | 1985-06-11 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Vanadotungstomolybdophosphoric acid oxidation catalyst |
| JP2002233760A (ja) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-08-20 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | メタクリル酸製造用触媒、被覆触媒及びその製法 |
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| JP3797148B2 (ja) | 2001-06-29 | 2006-07-12 | 住友化学株式会社 | メタクリル酸製造用触媒の製造方法およびメタクリル酸の製造方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS551880A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-01-09 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | Catalyst |
| US4522934A (en) * | 1981-04-27 | 1985-06-11 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Vanadotungstomolybdophosphoric acid oxidation catalyst |
| JP2002233760A (ja) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-08-20 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | メタクリル酸製造用触媒、被覆触媒及びその製法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| MARCHAL, C. ET AL.: "Influence of Small Amounts of Tungsten on the Physico-chemical and Catalytic Properties of PMol 1 -x Wx VO40 4- Heteropolyanions", JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY, FARADAY TRANSACTIONS, vol. 89, no. 17, 1993, pages 3301 - 3306, XP000387723, DOI: 10.1039/ft9938903301 * |
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| US20250010276A1 (en) | 2025-01-09 |
| JPWO2023182425A1 (ja) | 2023-09-28 |
| KR20240160643A (ko) | 2024-11-11 |
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