WO2023182052A1 - 規模拡張型スケーラブル電源システム - Google Patents

規模拡張型スケーラブル電源システム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023182052A1
WO2023182052A1 PCT/JP2023/009643 JP2023009643W WO2023182052A1 WO 2023182052 A1 WO2023182052 A1 WO 2023182052A1 JP 2023009643 W JP2023009643 W JP 2023009643W WO 2023182052 A1 WO2023182052 A1 WO 2023182052A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
signal
drive
supply system
power conversion
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2023/009643
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
義大 藤原
達也 細谷
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2024510033A priority Critical patent/JP7775990B2/ja
Publication of WO2023182052A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023182052A1/ja
Priority to US18/813,423 priority patent/US12573958B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0016—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters
    • H02M1/0022—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters the disturbance parameters being input voltage fluctuations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/157—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H02M3/1586—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply system including a plurality of power conversion circuits, and particularly to a scale-expandable scalable power supply system.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a multi-phase DC/DC converter.
  • the multiphase DC/DC converter described in Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of delay circuits.
  • the plurality of delay circuits delay the PWM drive signal output by the control circuit.
  • the control circuit and the plurality of delay circuits supply a PWM drive signal and a delay-controlled PWM drive signal to a converter drive circuit connected to the subsequent stage of each of the control circuits and the plurality of delay circuits. This realizes a scale-expandable multi-phase drive in which the number of power conversion circuits configured can be set according to output power specifications.
  • the number of configurations of power conversion circuits can be set without being limited to the number of PWM signals output by the control circuit, and the scale expansion type
  • the period of the PWM signal fluctuates greatly, making it difficult to ensure reliable communication between the control circuit and the converter drive circuit, and making it difficult to reach a stable steady state. Difficult to transition between operating states.
  • an object of the present invention is to set the number of configurations of the power conversion circuit without being limited by the number of PWM signals output by the control circuit, to realize a scale-expandable power conversion circuit, and to
  • the circuit configuration is designed to ensure more reliable communication between the control circuit (power management control IC element) and the converter drive circuit (drive circuit) during the current state, and to realize a stable transition from the transient state to the steady state.
  • Our objective is to provide a high-performance, scaleable power supply system with excellent simplicity and power conversion efficiency.
  • the scale-expandable scalable power supply system of the present invention includes a plurality of power conversion circuits, an output terminal, a signal expansion circuit, and a low voltage malfunction prevention circuit.
  • the plurality of power conversion circuits include a first power conversion circuit including a first inductor, a first switching element that controls a current flowing through the first inductor, and a first drive circuit that drives the first switching element, and a second inductor.
  • a second power conversion circuit including a second switching element that controls a current flowing through the second inductor and a second drive circuit that drives the second switching element.
  • the output terminal obtains an output voltage by connecting a plurality of power conversion circuits in parallel and merging the output currents into one.
  • the power management control IC element has an external signal function that outputs a first drive signal controlled according to an external signal to the plurality of power conversion circuits.
  • the signal expansion circuit is electrically connected between the power management control IC element and the second drive circuit, and generates and outputs a second drive signal whose phase is adjusted with respect to the first drive signal.
  • the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit is connected between the output end of the power management control IC element, the output end of the signal expansion circuit, and the input end of the second drive circuit.
  • the first drive signal is a three-state signal having a first voltage, a second voltage, and a third voltage from the lowest side.
  • the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit includes a detection comparison circuit that detects the output voltage and determines that the output voltage is equal to or lower than a threshold voltage, which is a voltage value lower than a predetermined output voltage.
  • the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit When the output voltage is lower than the threshold voltage, the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit outputs the first drive signal as the second drive signal to the second drive circuit. When the output voltage is higher than the threshold voltage, the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit outputs a second drive signal whose phase is adjusted by the signal expansion circuit with respect to the first drive signal to the second drive circuit.
  • the plurality of power conversion circuits perform multi-phase signal driving operations.
  • the power management control IC element and the second drive circuit are directly connected without passing through the signal expansion circuit.
  • the power management control IC element and the first drive circuit are directly connected not only in a transient state but also in a steady state. Thereby, communication between the power conversion control IC element and the plurality of drive circuits is established in a transient state.
  • the first drive signal is used as the second drive signal and is directly input to the second drive circuit without passing through the signal expansion circuit, so the stable output signal is not affected by period fluctuations of the PWM signal. Two drive signals are input to the second drive circuit.
  • a scalable power conversion circuit by setting the number of configurations of the power conversion circuit without being limited by the number of PWM signals output by the control circuit, and to realize a scalable power conversion circuit in a transient state.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a power supply system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2(A) is a diagram showing how the MPU, signal extension circuit, low-voltage malfunction prevention circuit, and multiple drive circuits are connected in a transient state
  • FIG. 2(B) is a diagram showing the MPU, signal expansion circuit
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a connection mode of an expansion circuit, a low voltage malfunction prevention circuit, and a plurality of drive circuits.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart schematically showing control executed by the power supply system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of each waveform of the power supply system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of output voltage waveforms of the configuration of the present application and the comparative configuration.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of each waveform of the power supply system according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a power supply system according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a power supply system according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a part of the power supply system according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a part of the power supply system according to the sixth embodiment.
  • the scale-expandable power supply system in this application means a power supply system in which the number of power conversion circuits used for multi-phase drive can be set to a desired number. More specifically, in order to achieve a desired output current value with high efficiency at an output voltage value determined in response to a command value (driving voltage, driving current) from a load such as a CPU, the scale-expandable power supply system Refers to a power supply system that can be configured by appropriately setting the number of required power conversion circuits. Note that, hereinafter, the scale-expandable power supply system will be simply referred to as a power supply system.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a power supply system according to the first embodiment.
  • the power supply system 100 includes an MPU 20, a plurality of individual power conversion systems 101, an output capacitor Co, and an input capacitor Ci.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example including four individual power conversion systems 101, the number of individual power conversion systems 101 is not limited to this.
  • the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 have the same configuration, and the manner of connection to the MPU 20, input terminal Pi, and output terminal Po is also the same. Therefore, in FIG. 1, one individual power conversion system 101 is described in detail, and detailed description of the other individual power conversion systems 101 is omitted.
  • the power supply system 100 includes an input terminal Pi and an output terminal Po. Input terminal Pi is connected to an external DC voltage source (input power supply). The power supply system 100 receives a DC input voltage Vin from an input terminal Pi. Output terminal Po is connected to load 90.
  • the load 90 is, for example, a processor such as a CPU or GPU that can change power consumption depending on the situation, and has a communication function.
  • the communication function is, for example, communication based on the PMBus protocol.
  • the load 90 communicates with the MPU 20 of the power supply system 100 using this communication function.
  • the MPU 20 is connected to an input terminal Pi, and is supplied with power through the input terminal Pi.
  • a regulator or the like is connected to the power input terminal of the MPU 20, and power is supplied through the regulator.
  • This power supply line is connected to a ground reference potential through an input capacitor Ci1.
  • the MPU 20 is a programmable Micro Processing Unit, and is realized by a semiconductor control IC or the like that realizes multi-phase drive operation.
  • the MPU 20 corresponds to the "power management control IC element" of the present invention.
  • the MPU 20 has a communication function.
  • the communication function is, for example, communication based on the PMBus protocol.
  • the MPU 20 uses this communication function to communicate with the load 90 and performs control according to the communication results.
  • the communication signal PM from the load 90 includes a drive voltage and a drive current.
  • the MPU 20 determines the number of individual power conversion systems 101 to be driven and specifications of multi-phase PWM control so as to stably supply the drive voltage and drive current specified by the communication signal PM to the load 90. .
  • the MPU 20 generates PWM drive control signals for the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 according to the determined PWM control.
  • the MPU 20 is connected to a plurality of individual power conversion systems 101.
  • MPU 20 outputs a PWM drive control signal to a plurality of individual power conversion systems 101.
  • the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 are driven according to a PWM drive control signal from the MPU 20 to perform power conversion respectively.
  • the output terminals of the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 are connected in parallel to the output terminal Po. Thereby, at the output terminal Po, the output currents of the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 are combined and supplied to the load 90 as the output current of the power supply system 100.
  • the voltage at the output terminal Po at this time becomes the output voltage Vo of the power supply system 100.
  • the individual power conversion system 101 includes a plurality of power conversion circuits 11-12 (power conversion circuit 11, power conversion circuit 12), a signal extension circuit 31, and a low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 41.
  • the plurality of power conversion circuits 11 and 12 are connected to an input terminal Pi, and are supplied with power through the input terminal Pi.
  • a power supply line of the power conversion circuit 11 is connected to a ground reference potential through an input capacitor Ci1.
  • the power supply line of the power conversion circuit 12 is connected to the ground reference potential through the input capacitor Ci2.
  • the power conversion circuit 11 corresponds to the "first power conversion circuit” of the present invention
  • the power conversion circuit 12 corresponds to the "second power conversion circuit” of the present invention.
  • the output terminal of the power conversion circuit 11 and the output terminal of the power conversion circuit 12 are connected to each other at an output common node, and are connected to the output terminal Po through the output common node.
  • the plurality of power conversion circuits 11 and 12 individually perform a power conversion operation of converting input voltage Vin into output voltage Vo in parallel.
  • the power conversion circuit 11 includes a drive circuit 110, a switching element Q1H, a switching element Q1L, an inductor L1, and a capacitor Co1.
  • the drive circuit 110, the switching element Q1H, and the switching element Q1L are formed by, for example, an integrated FET-equipped PWM control IC (analog circuit IC).
  • the drive circuit 110 corresponds to the "first drive circuit” of the present invention, and the switching element Q1H and the switching element Q1L correspond to the "first switching element" of the present invention.
  • the drive circuit 110 is connected to the input terminal Pi, and is supplied with power through the input terminal Pi. Note that, in reality, a regulator or the like is connected to the power input terminal of the drive circuit 110, and power is supplied through the regulator.
  • Drive circuit 110 is connected to MPU 20.
  • the gate of switching element Q1H and the gate of switching element Q1L are connected to drive circuit 110.
  • the drain of the switching element Q1H is connected to the input terminal Pi.
  • the source of switching element Q1H and the drain of switching element Q1L are connected.
  • the source of switching element Q1L is connected to a ground reference potential.
  • One end of inductor L1 is connected to a node between switching element Q1H and switching element Q1L.
  • the other end of inductor L1 is connected to the output common node. Further, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the ground reference potential through the capacitor Co1.
  • the power conversion circuit 12 includes a drive circuit 120, a switching element Q2H, a switching element Q2L, an inductor L2, and a capacitor Co2.
  • the drive circuit 120, the switching element Q2H, and the switching element Q2L are formed by, for example, an integrated FET-equipped PWM control IC (analog circuit IC).
  • the drive circuit 120 corresponds to the "second drive circuit” of the present invention, and the switching element Q2H and the switching element Q2L correspond to the "second switching element" of the present invention.
  • the drive circuit 120 is connected to the input terminal Pi, and is supplied with power through the input terminal Pi. Note that, in reality, a regulator or the like is connected to the power input terminal of the drive circuit 120, and power is supplied through the regulator.
  • the drive circuit 120 is connected to the MPU 20 through a signal expansion circuit 31 and/or a low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 41.
  • the gate of switching element Q2H and the gate of switching element Q2L are connected to drive circuit 120.
  • the drain of switching element Q2H is connected to input terminal Pi.
  • the source of switching element Q2H and the drain of switching element Q2L are connected.
  • the source of switching element Q2L is connected to a ground reference potential.
  • One end of inductor L2 is connected to a node between switching element Q2H and switching element Q2L.
  • the other end of inductor L2 is connected to the output common node. Further, the other end of the inductor L2 is connected to the ground reference potential through a capacitor Co2.
  • the input end of the signal expansion circuit 31 is connected to the connection line between the MPU 20 and the power conversion circuit 11.
  • the output end of the signal extension circuit 31 is connected to a low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 41.
  • the signal expansion circuit 31 is composed of an analog IC. That is, the signal expansion circuit 31 is configured by an analog delay circuit. Thereby, the signal extension circuit 31 can be configured inexpensively and simply.
  • the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 41 includes a switch circuit 41S and a detection comparison circuit 411.
  • the switch circuit 41S is connected to the output end of the signal expansion circuit 31, the connection line between the MPU 20 and the power conversion circuit 11, and the drive circuit 120.
  • the detection comparison circuit 411 is composed of, for example, a comparator.
  • the output voltage Vo is input to the detection comparison circuit 411.
  • a threshold value Vth is set in the detection comparison circuit 411 based on a voltage value.
  • the threshold value Vth is set based on the drive voltage of the load 90 in a steady state.
  • the threshold value Vth is set to the drive voltage of the load 90 in a steady state. This setting is realized by the communication signal PM received by the MPU 20 described above.
  • the detection comparison circuit 411 generates a switch control signal PG according to the comparison result between the output voltage Vo and the threshold value Vth, and outputs it to the switch circuit 41S.
  • FIG. 2(A) is a diagram showing how the MPU, signal extension circuit, low-voltage malfunction prevention circuit, and multiple drive circuits are connected in a transient state
  • FIG. 2(B) is a diagram showing the MPU, signal expansion circuit
  • signal FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a connection mode of an expansion circuit, a low voltage malfunction prevention circuit, and a plurality of drive circuits.
  • the detection comparison circuit 411 electrically connects the connection line between the MPU 20 and the power conversion circuit 11 and the drive circuit 120 when the output voltage Vo is lower than the threshold value Vth (transient state) (see FIG. 2(A)). ), the switch circuit 41S is controlled using the switch control signal PG.
  • the detection comparison circuit 411 electrically connects the output terminal of the signal expansion circuit 31 and the drive circuit 120 when the output voltage is higher than the threshold value Vth or when the output voltage is equal to or higher than the threshold value Vth (steady state). (See FIG. 2(B)), the switch circuit 41S is controlled using the switch control signal PG.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart schematically showing control executed by the power supply system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of each waveform of the power supply system according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 shows, from the top, an enable signal En, an output voltage Vo, a switch control signal PG, a PWM drive control signal PWM11, and a PWM drive control signal PWM12.
  • the PWM drive control signal PWM11 is a signal input to the drive circuit 110
  • the PWM drive control signal PWM12 is a signal input to the drive circuit 120.
  • the MPU 20 of the power supply system 100 receives a drive voltage supply command from the load 90 (S11). This is done by the enable signal En shown in FIG. Specifically, the MPU 20 receives a drive voltage supply command from the load 90 by receiving the Hi-level enable signal En. This causes the MPU 20 to start up.
  • the MPU 20 analyzes the communication signal PM and determines, for example, the specifications of multi-phase PWM control (the number of individual power conversion systems 101 to be driven, etc.) from the drive voltage and drive current.
  • the MPU 20 communicates with the drive circuit 110 of the power conversion circuit 11 and the drive circuit 120 of the power conversion circuit 12, and checks the states of the power conversion circuits 11 and 12 (drive circuits 110 and 120). (S12).
  • This communication is performed using a three-state PWM signal that is a digital signal.
  • a 3-state PWM signal is a signal that has 3 states: Low level (first voltage), Mid level (second voltage), and Hi level (third voltage), and communication is performed by a combination of these three levels. Realize. By using 3 states, a larger amount of information can be communicated than using 2 states. This period becomes the communication institution STc for status confirmation shown in FIG.
  • the MPU 20 determines the number of power conversion circuits that can be driven from the results of communication with the drive circuits 110 and 120 (S13), and determines a PWM control signal according to the required drive current and the number of power conversion circuits (S14). ).
  • the MPU 20 executes PWM control in the transient state (S15). Specifically, the MPU 20 generates and outputs the PWM drive control signal PWM11 so that the output voltage Vo reaches the required drive voltage Vdd. At this time, the MPU 20 changes the PWM control period according to the output voltage Vo that is fed back.
  • the detection comparison circuit 411 outputs the low level switch control signal PG to the switch circuit 41S.
  • the switch circuit 41S electrically connects the connection line between the MPU 20 and the power conversion circuit 11 and the drive circuit 120 by receiving the low-level switch control signal PG. That is, the switch circuit 41S electrically connects the output end of the MPU 20 and the drive circuit 120.
  • the PWM drive control signal PWM12 input to the drive circuit 120 becomes the same as the PWM drive control signal PWM11. That is, the same PWM drive control signal is input to the drive circuit 110 and the drive circuit 120.
  • the MPU 20 executes PWM control in the transient state (S15) until the output voltage Vo reaches the threshold Vth (S16: NO). Further, until the output voltage Vo reaches the threshold value Vth (S16: NO), the switch control signal PG is at Low level, and the switch circuit 41S electrically connects the output end of the MPU 20 and the drive circuit 120.
  • the MPU 20 When such control is continued and the output voltage Vo reaches the threshold value Vth (S16: YES), a transition is made to the steady state STs. At this time, the MPU 20 has determined a threshold value Vth according to the required drive voltage Vdd, and thereby executes PWM control in a steady state (S17). Specifically, the MPU 20 generates a PWM drive control signal so as to realize multi-phase PWM control with a PWM period Tpwm according to the required drive voltage, drive current, and the number of individual power conversion systems 101 to be driven. Generate PWM11.
  • the detection comparison circuit 411 outputs the Hi-level switch control signal PG to the switch circuit 41S.
  • the switch circuit 41S electrically disconnects the output end of the MPU 20 from the drive circuit 120 and disconnects the output end of the signal expansion circuit 31 from the drive circuit 120 when the Hi-level switch control signal PG is input. Connect electrically.
  • the PWM drive control signal output from the signal expansion circuit 31 is input to the drive circuit 120.
  • the signal expansion circuit 31 is composed of a delay circuit (phase adjustment circuit) as described above, and outputs the inputted PWM drive control signal PWM11 after delaying it by a predetermined amount. This amount of delay is determined by the above-mentioned PWM cycle Tpwm and the number of pulses.
  • the PWM drive control signal PWM12 input to the drive circuit 120 becomes a signal delayed by a predetermined amount with respect to the PWM drive control signal PWM11. Therefore, the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 are multiphase driven.
  • the power supply system 100 can achieve a desired output current value with high efficiency at the output voltage value determined for the command value (driving voltage, driving current) from the load 90 with an appropriate number of power conversion circuits. . That is, the power supply system 100 can suppress power consumption in a steady state, and can expand the scale of output power capacity by flexibly responding to an increase in current according to the number of power conversion circuits to be driven.
  • the power conversion circuit 11 detects the inductor current of the inductor L1, and sends the detected inductor current value of the inductor L1 to the MPU 20 through the individual current feedback circuit iFB11. Give feedback.
  • the power conversion circuit 12 detects the inductor current of the inductor L2, and feeds back the detected inductor current value of the inductor L2 to the MPU 20 through the individual current feedback circuit iFB12. Further, the output voltage Vo of the output terminal Po is fed back to the MPU 20.
  • the MPU 20 uses these fed-back currents and voltages to adjust the PWM drive control signal. Thereby, the output difference between the power conversion circuit 11 and the power conversion circuit 12 and the output difference between the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 can be adjusted. Therefore, the power supply system 100 can achieve even more efficient power conversion.
  • the MPU 20 can more reliably grasp the status of the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 at the time of startup, and can realize the above-described highly efficient power conversion.
  • an appropriate PWM drive control signal can be given to the drive circuits 110 and 120 in a transient state. Thereby, the power supply system 100 can be started stably.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the output voltage waveforms of the configuration of the present application and the comparative configuration.
  • the PWM period is shorter in a transient state than in a steady state and fluctuates significantly. Therefore, when the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 41 is not provided and the output terminal of the signal expansion circuit 31 is electrically connected to the drive circuit 120 even in a transient state, the PWM drive control signal input to the drive circuit 120 is A problem arises in that the signal is input to the drive circuit 120 after the PWM cycle at that point has been exceeded. As a result, the startup state of the power supply system 100 becomes unstable. Therefore, as shown by the broken line in FIG.
  • the output voltage Vo becomes a substantially constant monotonous increase in a transient state, and in the predetermined time ts, the output voltage Vo reaches the required drive voltage Vdd, and it is possible to shift to a steady state. Further, a substantially constant output voltage Vo can be obtained even after the transition to the steady state.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of each waveform of the power supply system according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 shows, from the top, an enable signal En, an output voltage Vo, a switch control signal PG, a PWM drive control signal PWM11, and a PWM drive control signal PWM12.
  • the power supply system according to the second embodiment differs from the power supply system 100 according to the first embodiment in setting the threshold value Vth and changing the PWM control signal from a transient state to a steady state. They differ in timing.
  • Other configurations and controls of the power supply system according to the second embodiment are the same as those of the power supply system 100 according to the first embodiment, and explanations of similar parts will be omitted.
  • the detection comparison circuit 411 and the MPU 20 set a threshold value Vth that is a predetermined voltage ⁇ V lower than the required drive voltage Vdd.
  • the voltage ⁇ V is, for example, about 5% to 10% of the required drive voltage Vdd. Note that the voltage ⁇ V is not limited to this, and may be appropriately set as a ratio to the required drive voltage Vdd, or may be a fixed value that is unrelated to the required drive voltage Vdd.
  • the detection comparison circuit 411 generates the switch control signal PG according to the comparison result between the output voltage Vo and the threshold value Vth, and controls the switch circuit 41S.
  • the MPU 20 When the output voltage Vo becomes higher than the threshold value Vth, the MPU 20 starts measuring time for switching control. When the switching control time reaches a predetermined time td, the MPU 20 switches from the transient state PWM control drive signal to the steady state PWM drive control signal. This predetermined time td is determined based on the time change characteristics of the output voltage Vo and the value of the threshold value Vth, and is set based on the timing at which the output voltage Vo reliably reaches the required drive voltage Vdd.
  • the power supply system according to the second embodiment can reduce malfunctions and achieve more stable startup when transitioning from a transient state to a stable state.
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a power supply system according to the third embodiment.
  • the power supply system 100A according to the third embodiment differs from the power supply system 100 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the signal expansion circuit 31 of the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101.
  • the other configuration of the power supply system 100A is the same as that of the power supply system 100, and a description of the similar parts will be omitted.
  • the signal expansion circuits 31 of the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 are formed by one programmable FPGA 300.
  • the power supply system 100A can achieve the same effects as the power supply system 100. Furthermore, the power supply system 100A can realize highly accurate delay time (phase adjustment) settings for the PWM drive control signals PWM12 of the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101. Moreover, the power supply system 100A can easily set the number of signal adjustment circuits according to the number of individual power conversion systems 101.
  • FIG. 8 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a power supply system according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the power supply system 100B according to the fourth embodiment is different from the power supply system 100 according to the first embodiment in that the signal expansion circuit 31 of the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 and the low voltage malfunction prevention
  • the configuration of the circuit 41 is different.
  • the other configurations of the power supply system 100B are the same as those of the power supply system 100, and a description of the similar parts will be omitted.
  • the signal expansion circuit 31 and low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 41 of the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101 are formed by one programmable FPGA 340.
  • the power supply system 100B can achieve the same effects as the power supply system 100. Furthermore, the power supply system 100B can realize highly accurate delay time (phase adjustment) settings for the PWM drive control signals PWM12 of the plurality of individual power conversion systems 101. Moreover, the power supply system 100B can realize switching timing between a transient state and a steady state with high precision. Further, in the power supply system 100B, the number of signal adjustment circuits and the number of low voltage malfunction prevention circuits can be easily set according to the number of individual power conversion systems 101. Further, since the signal expansion circuit 31 and the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 41 are formed in one FPGA, the power supply system 100B can be downsized.
  • FIG. 9 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a part of the power supply system according to the fifth embodiment.
  • the individual power conversion system 101C of the power supply system 100C according to the fifth embodiment has a plurality of power conversion circuits, as compared to the individual power conversion system 101 of the power supply system 100 according to the first embodiment. 13, is different in that it includes a signal extension circuit 32 and a low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 42.
  • the other configuration of the power supply system 100C is the same as that of the power supply system 100, and a description of the similar parts will be omitted.
  • the power conversion circuit 13 includes a drive circuit 130, a switching element Q3H, a switching element Q3L, an inductor L3, and a capacitor Co3.
  • the basic configuration of the power conversion circuit 13 is the same as that of the power conversion circuit 12.
  • the power conversion circuit 13 corresponds to the "second power conversion circuit” of the present invention
  • the drive circuit 130 corresponds to the "second drive circuit” of the present invention
  • the switching element Q3H and the switching element Q3L correspond to the "second power conversion circuit” of the present invention.
  • the input end of the signal expansion circuit 32 is connected to the connection line between the MPU 20 and the power conversion circuit 11.
  • the output end of the signal extension circuit 32 is connected to a low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 42.
  • the basic configuration of the signal extension circuit 32 is the same as that of the signal extension circuit 31. However, the amount of delay of the signal extension circuit 32 is different from the amount of delay of the signal extension circuit 31.
  • the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 42 includes a switch circuit 42S and a detection comparison circuit 421.
  • the switch circuit 42S is connected to the output end of the signal expansion circuit 32, the connection line between the MPU 20 and the power conversion circuit 11, and the drive circuit 130.
  • the basic configuration of the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 42 is the same as that of the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 41.
  • the individual power conversion system 101C of the power supply system 100C is provided with two sets of circuits to which the signal extension circuit, the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit, and the power conversion circuit are sequentially electrically connected. connected in parallel.
  • the power supply system 100C can achieve the same effects as the power supply system 100. Furthermore, in the power supply system 100C, the number of phases that can be supported by one individual power conversion system 101C can be increased.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a part of the power supply system according to the sixth embodiment.
  • the individual power conversion system 101D of the power supply system 100D according to the sixth embodiment has a low voltage malfunction prevention circuit, compared to the individual power conversion system 101C of the power supply system 100C according to the fifth embodiment. It differs in that it includes 40.
  • the other configuration of the individual power conversion system 101D is the same as that of the individual power conversion system 101C, and description of the similar parts will be omitted.
  • the individual power conversion system 101D includes a low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 40.
  • the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 40 includes a switch circuit 41S, a switch circuit 42S, and a detection comparison circuit 400.
  • the switch circuit 41S and the switch circuit 42S are similar to the above-described individual power conversion system 101C.
  • the detection comparison circuit 400 generates a switch control signal PG based on the comparison result between the output voltage Vo and the threshold value Vth, and outputs it to the switch circuit 41S and the switch circuit 42S.
  • the power supply system 100D can achieve the same effects as the power supply system 100C. Furthermore, the power supply system 100D can realize a smaller and simpler circuit configuration than the power supply system 100C.
  • the signal expansion circuit, the low voltage malfunction prevention circuit, and the power conversion circuit are sequentially electrically Although the case where two sets of circuits are connected is shown, three or more sets may be used.
  • Power conversion circuit 20 MPU 31, 32: Signal expansion circuit 40, 41, 42: Low voltage malfunction prevention circuit 41S, 42S: Switch circuit 90: Load 100, 100A, 100A, 100B, 100C, 100D: Power supply system 101, 101C, 101D: Individual power conversion Systems 110, 120, 130: Drive circuits 300, 340: FPGA 400, 411, 421: detection comparison circuit

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PCT/JP2023/009643 2022-03-24 2023-03-13 規模拡張型スケーラブル電源システム Ceased WO2023182052A1 (ja)

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