WO2023181769A1 - 固体撮像装置および制御方法 - Google Patents
固体撮像装置および制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023181769A1 WO2023181769A1 PCT/JP2023/006471 JP2023006471W WO2023181769A1 WO 2023181769 A1 WO2023181769 A1 WO 2023181769A1 JP 2023006471 W JP2023006471 W JP 2023006471W WO 2023181769 A1 WO2023181769 A1 WO 2023181769A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/77—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components
- H04N25/778—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components comprising amplifiers shared between a plurality of pixels, i.e. at least one part of the amplifier must be on the sensor array itself
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/50—Control of the SSIS exposure
- H04N25/57—Control of the dynamic range
- H04N25/59—Control of the dynamic range by controlling the amount of charge storable in the pixel, e.g. modification of the charge conversion ratio of the floating node capacitance
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/709—Circuitry for control of the power supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/77—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/77—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components
- H04N25/771—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components comprising storage means other than floating diffusion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/78—Readout circuits for addressed sensors, e.g. output amplifiers or A/D converters
Definitions
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a solid-state imaging device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a pixel according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration near a pixel located in the y row and x column of the pixel array according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart of exposure start processing performed by the solid-state imaging device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart of read processing performed by the solid-state imaging device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a pixel according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a pixel array according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a pixel array according to Modification 1.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a pixel array according to Modification Example 2.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a pixel according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a pixel according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration near a pixel located in the y row and x column of the pixel array according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 13A is a block diagram showing a driving section according to the fifth embodiment including a variable voltage source according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 13B is a timing chart showing how the variable voltage source according to the fifth embodiment outputs the variable voltage PVDD.
- an AD converter is provided for each certain number of pixel areas by transferring the charges generated in the photoelectric conversion unit to the lower layer semiconductor chip via through-vias. Because they can perform parallel processing, these stacked-structure solid-state imaging devices can read out pixel signals faster than conventional solid-state imaging devices that use the row readout method. can.
- the first pixel further includes a third transfer transistor, one of which is connected to the other of the source and drain of the second transfer transistor, and the other is connected to the floating diffusion section. You can also use it as
- the first pixel and the second pixel are plural, and the plurality of first pixels are irradiated with light of a first color that has passed through a color filter that filters the transmitted light,
- the plurality of second pixels are irradiated with light of a second color different from the first color that has passed through the color filter, and in each second pixel of the plurality of second pixels,
- the second pixel and the first pixel located closest to the second pixel may have the same relative positional relationship in the pixel array.
- one of the first electrodes and the other of the first electrodes are connected via the first power supply wiring.
- a short circuit path is formed in the vicinity of the first pixel. For this reason, the charges accumulated in the first charge storage unit during the period until the third step is executed are transferred to By flowing the electric charge from one first electrode to the other first electrode through the short-circuit path formed near the first pixel, the electric charge accumulated in the first accumulation section can be discharged. can.
- the drive unit 2 is composed of, for example, a shift register, an address decoder, etc.
- the drive section 2 has two scanning systems, a readout scanning system and a sweeping scanning system, although the specific configuration thereof is not shown in the drawings.
- Signals output from each pixel 3 in a row selectively scanned by the driving unit 2 are output to each of the plurality of sample holds 11 for each column through vertical signal lines 40V1 to 40Vn.
- the plurality of sample holds 11 are composed of n sample holds 11 that correspond one-to-one to each of the n vertical signal lines 40V.
- a plurality of comparators 6, which will be described later are composed of n comparators 6 that correspond one-to-one to each of the n vertical signal lines 40V
- a plurality of counters 7, which will be described later are composed of n comparators 6 that correspond one-to-one to each of the n vertical signal lines 40V.
- a plurality of digital memories 8, which will be described later, are composed of n counters 7 that correspond one-to-one to each of the vertical signal lines 40V. It consists of a digital memory 8.
- the comparator 6 compares the reference ramp signal RAMP and the signal output from the sample hold 11.
- the horizontal scanning circuit 9 sequentially selectively scans the digital memory 8 to sequentially output the image data stored in the digital memory 8 to the high-speed interface 10.
- the horizontal scanning circuit 9 is composed of, for example, a shift register, an address decoder, etc.
- the high-speed interface 10 outputs image data to a subsequent signal processing unit (not shown) in an output format compliant with a predetermined serial communication standard (subLVDS, MIPI, SLVS, etc.).
- a predetermined serial communication standard subLVDS, MIPI, SLVS, etc.
- the timing control section 5 is composed of, for example, a timing generator.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the pixel 3.
- the drive signal RS, drive signal TG, drive signal TGC, drive signal OF, and drive signal GC are transmitted from the drive unit 2 to the pixel 3 via the control signal line group 50H.
- a drive signal SEL, a drive signal PVDDSEL, and a variable voltage PVDD are supplied.
- the drive signal RS, drive signal TG, drive signal TGC, drive signal OF, drive signal GC, drive signal SEL, and drive signal PVDDSEL are pulse signals that take a binary value of logic level high and logic level low. .
- the variable voltage PVDD is a variable voltage whose voltage level is either a first voltage having the same potential as the power supply voltage supplied to the pixel array 30 or a second voltage having a lower voltage than the first voltage. It is.
- the pixel 3 includes a power supply wiring 200 (corresponding to 200y and 200y-1 in FIG. 3) extending horizontally for each pixel row of the pixel array 30, and a pixel array
- a power supply line 203 (corresponding to 203x and 203x+1 in FIG. 3) extends vertically for each pixel column.
- the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 converts the received light into signal charges. That is, the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 generates signal charges according to the amount of received light and accumulates the generated signal charges.
- the floating diffusion section 108 is a capacitor for accumulating signal charges generated by the first photoelectric conversion section 109.
- the floating diffusion section 108 changes its potential by accumulating signal charges. That is, the floating diffusion section 108 converts the signal charge into a voltage signal.
- the first charge storage unit 110 has a first one electrode and a first other electrode, and stores signal charges generated by the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 in the first one electrode. It is a capacitor composed of a capacitor for
- the first charge storage section 110 is formed, for example, on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate on which the pixel 3 is formed, which is opposite to the light receiving surface on which the first photoelectric conversion section 109 is formed. This is realized by high-density voltage domain capacitance (for example, MIM capacitance) that utilizes the space between metal wiring layers.
- high-density voltage domain capacitance for example, MIM capacitance
- variable voltage PVDD is supplied from the drive unit 2 to the first other electrode of the first charge storage unit 110.
- the second transfer transistor 103 has one of its source and drain connected to the first one electrode of the first charge storage section 110 and the other connected to the potential section 111.
- the reset transistor 100 becomes conductive, if the second transfer transistor 103 is also conductive, the potential of the first one electrode of the first charge storage section 110 is reset to the power supply voltage via the power supply wiring 200.
- the third transfer transistor 104 (described later) is also in a conductive state, the potential of the floating diffusion section 108 is reset to the power supply voltage via the power supply wiring 200, and the third transfer transistor 104 (described later) and the first transfer If the transistor 101 is also in a conductive state, the potential of the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 is reset to the power supply voltage via the power supply wiring 200.
- the amplification transistor 105 has a gate connected to the floating diffusion section 108, a drain connected to the power supply wiring 203, and a source connected to the drain of the selection transistor 106 (described later).
- One of the source and drain of the third transfer transistor 104 is connected to the other of the source and drain of the second transfer transistor 103, and the other is connected to the floating diffusion section 108.
- the potential section 111 is a capacitor for accumulating signal charges generated by the first photoelectric conversion section 109.
- the switch transistor 107 is an NMOS transistor, and a drive signal PVDDSEL is applied to its gate. Therefore, the switch transistor 107 becomes non-conductive when the drive signal PVDDSEL becomes a logic level low, and becomes conductive when the drive signal PVDDSEL becomes a logic level high.
- the drive signal TG falls, and a little later, at time t2, the drive signal RS and the drive signal GC fall.
- the first transfer transistor 101, the reset transistor 100, and the third transfer transistor 104 become non-conductive.
- the exposure accumulation operation performed by the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 is started.
- the first one electrode and the first other electrode of the first charge storage section 110 are connected to the second transfer transistor 103, the reset transistor 100, the power supply wiring 200, the power supply wiring 203, and the switch transistor.
- the short circuit path through 107 results in a short circuit condition.
- the first flows to the first other electrode of the charge storage section 110 .
- the drive signal TG rises.
- the first transfer transistor 101 becomes conductive. Therefore, the signal charges accumulated in the first photoelectric conversion section 109 are transferred to the floating diffusion section 108 via the first transfer transistor 101. Then, in the floating diffusion section 108, the transferred signal charge is converted into a voltage signal by the LCG.
- the subsequent sample hold temporarily holds the pixel signal output from the amplification transistor 105 at time t17 as an LCG pixel signal.
- the drive signal TGC and the drive signal PVDDSEL rise.
- the second transfer transistor 103 and the switch transistor 107 become conductive.
- the third transfer transistor 104 also continues to maintain a conductive state, during the exposure accumulation period, the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 crosses the potential barrier formed in the overflow transistor 102 and passes through the first photoelectric conversion unit 109.
- the signal charges accumulated in the charge storage section 110 are transferred to the floating diffusion section 108 via the third transfer transistor 104 and added to the signal charges previously transferred from the first photoelectric conversion section 109. .
- the wiring resistance of the PVDD wiring 202 It takes a certain amount of time for the potential of the PVDD wiring 202 to converge due to the time constant of the parasitic capacitance. Since the power supply wiring network also extracts charge from the first other electrode of the first charge storage section 110, the time for the potential of the PVDD wiring 202 to converge is significantly longer than when the charge is extracted from the PVDD wiring 202 alone. is shortened.
- the drive signal RS rises.
- the reset transistor 100 becomes conductive.
- both the second transfer transistor 103 and the third transfer transistor 104 continue to maintain conduction, the first charge storage section 110 is reset.
- the first one electrode and the first other electrode of the first charge storage section 110 are connected to the second transfer transistor 103, the reset transistor 100, the power supply wiring 200, the power supply wiring 203, and the switch transistor.
- the short circuit path through 107 results in a short circuit condition.
- the first flows to the first other electrode of the charge storage section 110 .
- the first charge storage section 110 has a large capacity, the charge accumulated in the first charge storage section 110 is discharged during initialization (resetting) of the first charge storage section 110. , the amount of voltage drop in the power supply wiring network within the pixel array 30 is suppressed. This is the same even when the number of pixels 3 making up the pixel array 30 increases on a large scale.
- the convergence time required for the voltage drop in the power wiring network within the pixel array 30 to converge after the first charge storage section 110 is reset is suppressed from becoming prolonged.
- the drive signal RS falls.
- the reset transistor 100 becomes non-conductive.
- the conversion gain of the floating diffusion section 108 is LCG.
- the sample hold at the latter stage temporarily holds the pixel signal output from the amplification transistor 105 at time t20 as the LCG reset pixel signal.
- the LCG reset pixel signal temporarily held in the sample hold 11 is AD converted.
- the drive signal SEL falls.
- the selection transistor 106 becomes non-conductive.
- the series of read processing ends when the selection transistor 106 becomes non-conductive.
- the pixel array according to the second embodiment is configured such that the pixel 3 and the pixel according to the second embodiment are alternately arranged in each row. This is an example of the configuration.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a pixel 3A according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the pixel array 30A according to the second embodiment.
- the number of pixels 3 in each row of pixel array 30A is halved compared to the number of pixels in each row of pixel array 30 according to the first embodiment. That is, the number of switch transistors 107 is reduced by half.
- the amount of current flowing through the switch transistor 107 in the pixel array 30A when the first charge storage section 110 is reset is twice the amount of current in the pixel array 30.
- the convergence time for the voltage drop of the power supply wiring network in the pixel array 30A to converge becomes longer than the convergence time described above in the pixel array 30.
- the size of the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 of pixel 3 and pixel 3A in pixel array 30A should be made larger than the above size in pixel array 30. You get the advantage of being able to.
- At least one switch transistor 107 needs to be arranged in every readout row unit of the pixel array 30A. In this case, it is necessary to equalize the responsiveness and fluctuations of the readout operation between readout rows, so it is desirable that the number of pixels 3 arranged in each readout row be the same for all readout rows. .
- the solid-state imaging device according to Modification 1 is an example of a configuration in which each of pixel 3 and pixel 3A constituting the pixel array according to Modification 1 is irradiated with light that has passed through a color filter. There is.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a pixel array 30B according to Modification 1.
- the pixel array 30B is configured such that pixels 3 and pixels 3A are alternately arranged in each row, similarly to the pixel array 30A according to the second embodiment. Pixel 3 and pixel 3A constituting the pixel array 30B are irradiated with light that has passed through a Bayer array color filter that filters transmitted light.
- the pixel array 30B includes a pixel row in which a pixel 3 that is irradiated with Gr (green) color light and a pixel 3A that is irradiated with R (red) color light, and a pixel row that has B( Pixel rows in which pixels 3A to which blue (blue) light is irradiated and pixels 3 to which Gb (green) light is irradiated are arranged alternately.
- each pixel 3A and the pixel 3 located closest to the pixel 3A have the same relative positional relationship in the pixel array 30B.
- the switch transistor 107 satisfies the above-mentioned pixel arrangement rule, for example, in the pixel array 30B, all the constituent pixels are pixels 3A, and the switch transistor 107 is arranged equidistantly from the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 of two adjacent pixels 3A. , the switch transistors 107 may be arranged symmetrically at the boundary positions of the pixels 3A.
- the power supply wiring 200 extending horizontally for each pixel row and the power supply wiring 203 extending vertically for each pixel column are not connected. That is, the power supply wiring network in the pixel array according to the third embodiment has a configuration in which each power supply wiring 200 extending in the horizontal direction for each pixel row and each power supply wiring 203 extending in the vertical direction for each pixel column are not connected. It has become.
- the gates of the amplification transistors 105 in the pixel 3 and the pixel 3B are connected to the floating diffusion section 108 in the same pixel 3 or pixel 3B.
- a parasitic capacitance Cgd exists between the gate and drain of the amplification transistor 105 in the pixel 3 and the pixel 3B.
- the power supply wiring 200 and the power supply wiring 203 are connected with high resistance outside the pixel array according to the third embodiment and stabilized by a decoupling capacitor or the like.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration near the pixel 3C located in the y row and x column of the pixel array according to the fourth embodiment.
- the pixel 3C includes a second photoelectric conversion section 109a, a second charge storage section 110a, a fourth transfer transistor 101a, and a fourth transfer transistor 101a for the pixel 3. 5 transfer transistor 103a and an overflow transistor 102a are added.
- the second photoelectric conversion section 109a is realized by, for example, a photodiode having a PN junction.
- the second charge storage section 110a is similar to the first charge storage section 110.
- the second charge storage unit 110a has a second one electrode and a second other electrode, and stores signal charges generated by the second photoelectric conversion unit 109a in the second one electrode.
- This is a capacitor composed of a capacitor whose second one electrode is connected to the second photoelectric conversion unit 109a.
- the fourth transfer transistor 101a is similar to the first transfer transistor 101.
- One of the source and drain of the fourth transfer transistor 101a is connected to the second photoelectric conversion section 109a, and the other is connected to the floating diffusion section 108.
- the fourth transfer transistor 101a is an NMOS transistor, and a drive signal TGa is applied to its gate. Therefore, the fourth transfer transistor 101a becomes non-conductive when the drive signal TGa becomes a low logic level, and becomes conductive when the drive signal TGa becomes a high logic level.
- the fifth transfer transistor 103a is similar to the second transfer transistor 103.
- the fifth transfer transistor 103a has one of its source and drain connected to the second one electrode of the second charge storage section 110a, and the other connected to the potential section 111.
- the overflow transistor 102a is similar to the overflow transistor 102.
- One of the source and drain of the overflow transistor 102a is connected to the second photoelectric conversion section 109a, and the other is connected to the second one electrode of the second charge storage section 110a.
- the overflow transistor 102a is an NMOS transistor, and a drive signal OFa is applied to its gate.
- the pixel 3C may have a configuration in which the second photoelectric conversion section 109a and the second one electrode of the second charge storage section 110a are directly connected without including the overflow transistor 102a.
- the height of the potential barrier between the second photoelectric conversion section 109a and the second one electrode of the second charge storage section 110a is fixed.
- the pixel 3C having the above configuration includes a floating diffusion section 108, a potential section 111, a reset transistor 100, a third transfer transistor 104, and an amplification transistor 105, in addition to the configuration consisting of two pixels 3. , and the selection transistor 106 are removed. Therefore, the size of the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 and the second photoelectric conversion unit 109a in the pixel 3C is made smaller than the size of the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 in the pixel 3 by the size of these deleted components. It can be made larger.
- the number of drive signals for driving the pixels in the y-1 row of the pixel array 30 is reduced to half, and , the drive signal PVDDSEL in the y-1 row becomes unnecessary, and the PVDD wiring 202 in the y-1 row becomes unnecessary.
- the driver 2 outputs the variable voltage PVDD to each row of the pixel array 30.
- FIG. 13A is a block diagram showing how the driver 2 includes a variable voltage source 300 that outputs a variable voltage PVDD to each row of the pixel array 30.
- the drive unit 2 includes variable voltage sources 300 corresponding to several rows of the pixel array 30, each corresponding to each row of the pixel array 30.
- the variable voltage source 300 supplies a voltage AVDDP (first voltage) having the same potential as the power wiring 200, which is supplied from the same voltage supply source as the voltage supply source that supplies voltage to the power wiring 200, and an LDO (low voltage).
- the voltage VLDO (second voltage) which is supplied from a dropout regulator (not shown) and has a different potential from the potential of the power supply wiring 200, is selectively selected, and the PVDD wiring is connected to the PVDD wiring. 202, it is output to the first other electrode of the first charge storage section 110 in each of the pixels 3 arranged in the corresponding column.
- the voltage VLDO (second voltage) is a predetermined setting lower than the potential of the voltage AVDDP (first voltage), which is set in advance to lower the potential of the first charge storage section 110 during the exposure period. It is voltage.
- One of the source and drain of the transistor 301 is connected to the power supply wiring that supplies the voltage AVDDP, and the other is connected to the PVDD wiring 202.
- the transistor 301 is a high voltage NMOS transistor, and a drive signal PVDDRST output from the timing control section 5 is applied to the gate.
- the transistor 301 becomes non-conductive when the drive signal PVDDRST becomes a logic level low, and becomes conductive when the drive signal PVDDRST becomes a logic level high.
- the transistor 302 is a high voltage NMOS transistor, and the drive signal PVDDLDO output from the timing control section 5 is applied to the gate.
- variable voltage source 300 When the transistor 302 becomes conductive, the variable voltage source 300 outputs the voltage VLDO to the PVDD wiring 202.
- the drive signal PVDDRST and the drive signal PVDDLDO output from the timing control unit 5 are controlled by the timing control unit 5 so that they are mutually exclusive signals.
- the logic level high and logic level low potentials of the drive signal PVDDRST and the drive signal PVDDLDO are set to the voltage AVDDP and the voltage VLDO, respectively, within the drive unit 2 by voltage signals supplied from a buck-boost power supply (not shown). The level is shifted to a potential that can be output or cut off to the wiring 202.
- FIG. 13B is a timing chart showing how the variable voltage source 300 outputs the variable voltage PVDD.
- time t3 and time t4 shown on the horizontal axis are the same times as time t3 and time t4 in the timing chart of the exposure start process illustrated in FIG. 4, and time t18 and time t21 are , indicates the same times as time t18 and time t21 in the timing chart of the read process illustrated in FIG.
- a time before time t3 or time t18 is an exposure accumulation period of the first charge accumulation section 110.
- the drive signal PVDDRST maintains the logic level low
- the drive signal PVDDLDO maintains the logic level high.
- the first transistor 301 becomes non-conductive and the second transistor 302 becomes conductive.
- variable voltage source 300 outputs to the PVDD wiring 202 a set voltage (here, voltage VLDO) that is lower in potential than the voltage potential in the reset period or readout period of the pixel 3.
- VLDO set voltage
- the first transistor 301 becomes conductive and the second transistor 302 becomes non-conductive.
- variable voltage source 300 switches the voltage output to the PVDD wiring 202 from the voltage VLDO to the voltage AVDDP.
- the voltage source that supplies voltage to the power supply wiring 200 and the voltage source that supplies voltage to one of the source and drain of the transistor 301 are the same voltage source, the source of the switch transistor 107 And the potentials of one drain and the other are completely matched. For this reason, after the potentials of the first one electrode and the first other electrode of the first charge storage section 110 converge, there is a minute difference between one of the source and drain of the switch transistor 107 and the other. Not even current flows. Thereby, it is possible to suppress an increase in power consumption in the solid-state imaging device 1, and furthermore, it is possible to suppress variations in initialization potential between pixels 3.
- the drive unit 2 does not necessarily have to be connected to the pixel array according to Embodiments 1 to 5 and Modifications 1 to 2. There is no need to be limited to the configuration in which each pixel is driven from one direction in the horizontal direction.
- the drive unit 2 may be configured to drive each pixel of the pixel array from both directions in the horizontal direction of the pixel array.
- the pixels according to Embodiments 1 to 3 and Modifications 1 to 2 include the first photoelectric conversion unit 109
- the pixels according to Embodiments 1 to 3 and Modifications 1 to 2 do not need to be limited to the configuration including one first photoelectric conversion unit 109.
- the pixels according to Embodiments 1 to 3 and Modifications 1 to 2 may have a configuration including two or more first photoelectric conversion units 109.
- the pixels according to Embodiments 1 to 3 and Modifications 1 to 2 are arranged in the first charge storage section 110.
- the explanation was given assuming that one is provided.
- the pixels according to Embodiments 1 to 3 and Modifications 1 to 2 do not need to be limited to the configuration including one first charge storage section 110.
- the pixels according to Embodiments 1 to 3 and Modifications 1 to 2 may have a configuration including two or more first charge storage sections 110.
- the switch transistor 107 and the first charge storage section 110 are connected to the element region on the front surface side of the back-illuminated substrate and its wiring. It may be arranged within a layer.
- the solid-state imaging device according to Embodiments 1 to 5 and Modifications 1 to 2 may be combined with a semiconductor chip forming the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 and various transfer transistors, a readout circuit, and processing after AD conversion.
- a semiconductor chip forming the first photoelectric conversion unit 109 and various transfer transistors, a readout circuit, and processing after AD conversion When applied to a solid-state imaging device with a laminated structure in which semiconductor chips forming a circuit or the like are laminated and bonded together, even if the switch transistor 107 and the first charge storage section 110 are formed on the latter semiconductor chip. good.
- the present disclosure can be widely used in solid-state imaging devices that capture images.
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Abstract
Description
従来、固体撮像装置には、画質改善のための様々な技術が導入されている。
<構成>
図1は、実施の形態1に係る固体撮像装置1の構成を示すブロック図である。
以下、上記構成の固体撮像装置1が行う動作について説明する。
以下、実施の形態1に係る固体撮像装置1から、一部の構成が変更されて構成される実施の形態2に係る固体撮像装置について説明する。
以下、実施の形態2に係る固体撮像装置から、一部の構成が変更されて構成される変形例1に係る固体撮像装置について説明する。
以下、変形例1に係る固体撮像装置から、一部の構成が変更されて構成される変形例2に係る固体撮像装置について説明する。
以下、実施の形態1に係る固体撮像装置1から、一部の構成が変更されて構成される実施の形態3に係る固体撮像装置について説明する。
以下、実施の形態1に係る固体撮像装置1から、一部の構成が変更されて構成される実施の形態4に係る固体撮像装置について説明する。
以下、実施の形態1~3、変形例1~2における駆動部2の構成例について説明する。
以上のように、本出願において開示する技術の例示として、実施の形態1~5および変形例1~2に基づいて説明した。しかしながら、本開示は、これら実施の形態および変形例に限定されるものではない。本開示の趣旨を逸脱しない限り、当業者が思いつく各種変形を本実施の形態に施したものや、異なる実施の形態または変形例における構成要素を組み合わせて構築される形態も、本開示の1つまたは複数の態様の範囲内に含まれてもよい。
2 駆動部
3、3A、3B、3C 画素
4 ランプ生成回路
5 タイミング制御部
6 比較器
7 カウンタ
8 デジタルメモリ
9 水平走査回路
10 高速インターフェース
11 サンプルホールド
30、30A、30B、30C 画素アレイ
40V、40V1、40Vn 垂直信号線
50H、50H1、50Hm 制御信号線群
100 リセットトランジスタ
101 第1の転送トランジスタ
101a 第4の転送トランジスタ
102、102a オーバフロートランジスタ
103 第2の転送トランジスタ
103a 第5の転送トランジスタ
104 第3の転送トランジスタ
105 増幅トランジスタ
106 選択トランジスタ
107 スイッチトランジスタ
108 フローティングディフュージョン部
109 第1の光電変換部
109a 第2の光電変換部
110 第1の電荷蓄積部
110a 第2の電荷蓄積部
111 ポテンシャル部
200、200y、200y-1、203、203x、203x+1 電源配線
202 PVDD配線
205 交点
300 可変電圧源
301、302 トランジスタ
Claims (10)
- 第1の画素を含む複数の画素が行列状に配置された画素アレイを備える固体撮像装置であって、
前記第1の画素は、
受光した光を第1の信号電荷に変換する第1の光電変換部と、
前記第1の信号電荷を蓄積するためのフローティングディフュージョン部と、
第1の一方の電極と第1の他方の電極とを有し、前記第1の一方の電極に前記第1の信号電荷を蓄積するためのキャパシタから構成される第1の電荷蓄積部と、
ソースおよびドレインの一方が前記第1の光電変換部に接続され他方が前記フローティングディフュージョン部に接続された第1の転送トランジスタと、
ソースおよびドレインの一方が前記第1の一方の電極に接続された第2の転送トランジスタと、
ソースおよびドレインの一方が前記第2の転送トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの他方に接続され他方が第1の電源配線に接続されたリセットトランジスタと、
ゲートが前記フローティングディフュージョン部に接続された増幅トランジスタと、
ドレインが、前記増幅トランジスタのソースに接続され、ソースが垂直信号線に接続された選択トランジスタと、
ソースおよびドレインの一方が前記第1の他方の電極に接続され、ソースおよびドレインの他方が前記第1の電源配線に接続されたスイッチトランジスタと、を備える
固体撮像装置。 - 前記複数の画素のそれぞれは、前記第1の画素である
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記複数の画素の一部は、前記第1の画素とは異なる第2の画素である
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第1の画素は、さらに、ソースおよびドレインの一方が前記第1の光電変換部に接続され他方が前記第1の一方の電極に接続されたオーバフロートランジスタを備え、
前記第1の一方の電極は、前記オーバフロートランジスタを介して前記第1の光電変換部に接続される
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第1の画素は、さらに、ソースおよびドレインの一方が前記第2の転送トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの前記他方に接続され他方が前記フローティングディフュージョン部に接続された第3の転送トランジスタを備える
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第1の画素は、さらに、
受光した光を第2の信号電荷に変換する第2の光電変換部と、
第2の一方の電極と第2の他方の電極とを有し、前記第2の一方の電極に前記第2の信号電荷を蓄積するためのキャパシタから構成される第2の電荷蓄積部と、
ソースおよびドレインの一方が前記第2の光電変換部に接続され他方が前記フローティングディフュージョン部に接続された第4の転送トランジスタと、
ソースおよびドレインの一方が前記第2の一方の電極に接続され他方が前記第2の転送トランジスタのソースおよびドレインの前記他方に接続された第5の転送トランジスタと、を備える
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記画素アレイは、各列に1以上の前記第1の画素が配置され、
前記固体撮像装置は、さらに、前記画素アレイの各列に対応する複数の可変電圧源であって、前記第1の電源配線の電位と同電位の第1の電圧と、前記第1の電源配線の電位と異なる電位の第2の電圧とのうち、いずれか一方の電圧を択一的に選択して、対応する列に配置された前記1以上の第1の画素のそれぞれにおける前記第1の他方の電極に出力する複数の可変電圧源を備える
請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記増幅トランジスタのソースは、前記画素アレイの内部において前記第1の電源配線と接続されていない第2の電源配線に接続される
請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第1の画素と前記第2の画素とは複数であり、
前記複数の第1の画素には、透過する光をフィルタリングするカラーフィルタを透過した第1の色の光が照射され、前記複数の第2の画素には、前記カラーフィルタを透過した、前記第1の色とは異なる第2の色の光が照射され、
前記複数の第2の画素の各第2の画素において、当該第2の画素と、当該第2の画素の最も近傍に位置する前記第1の画素との、前記画素アレイにおける相対位置関係が等しい
請求項3に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 請求項5に記載の固体撮像装置を制御する制御方法であって、
前記リセットトランジスタのゲートに印加する駆動信号RSと、前記第3の転送トランジスタのゲートに印加する駆動信号GCとを、論理レベルローから論理レベルハイへと立ち上げて、その後、前記第1の転送トランジスタのゲートに印加する駆動信号TGを、論理レベルローから論理レベルハイへと立ち上げる第1のステップと、
前記第1のステップの後に、前記駆動信号TGを、論理レベルハイから論理レベルローへと立ち下げて、その後、前記駆動信号RSと前記駆動信号GCとを、論理レベルハイから論理レベルローへと立ち下げる第2のステップと、
前記第2のステップの後に、前記駆動信号RSと、前記第2の転送トランジスタのゲートに印加する駆動信号TGCと、前記スイッチトランジスタのゲートに印加する駆動信号PVDDSELとを論理レベルローから論理レベルハイへと立ち上げ、前記第1の他方の電極を、前記第1の電源配線の電位より低い所定の設定電圧から、前記第1の電源配線の電位と同電位の電源電圧に変更する第3のステップと、
前記第3のステップの後に、前記駆動信号RSを、論理レベルハイから論理レベルローへと立ち下げて、その後、前記駆動信号TGCと、前記駆動信号PVDDSELとを、論理レベルハイから論理レベルローへと立ち下げ、前記第1の他方の電極を、前記電源電圧から、前記設定電圧に変更する第4のステップと、を有する
制御方法。
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