WO2023179822A1 - Agencement d'un soc fertiliseur ayant un soc semeur et une roue de support associés au soc fertiliseur - Google Patents

Agencement d'un soc fertiliseur ayant un soc semeur et une roue de support associés au soc fertiliseur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023179822A1
WO2023179822A1 PCT/DE2023/100216 DE2023100216W WO2023179822A1 WO 2023179822 A1 WO2023179822 A1 WO 2023179822A1 DE 2023100216 W DE2023100216 W DE 2023100216W WO 2023179822 A1 WO2023179822 A1 WO 2023179822A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coulter
fertilizer
depth
furrow
seed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2023/100216
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dennis BERGERFURTH
Christian Gotzen
Jan KRAWINKEL
Original Assignee
Lemken Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lemken Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Lemken Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2023179822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023179822A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
    • A01C5/064—Devices for making drills or furrows with rotating tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a seed drill with an arrangement of a sowing coulter attached to a frame and a fertilizer coulter arranged in front of the sowing coulter in the working direction with a depth guide means assigned to the fertilizer coulter, which is arranged laterally offset from the fertilizer coulter when viewed in the working direction of the fertilizer coulter, the depth guide means being a Has a central plane with which it is connected to the frame during operation of the seed drill via holding means in a spatial position in relation to the fertilizer coulter at a camber angle and at a toe-in angle, the fertilizer coulter and the sowing coulter are designed and arranged on the frame in such a way that the in The lowest point of the fertilizer coulter in the vertical direction when operating the seed drill is the same depth or lower than the lowest point of the seed coulter in the vertical direction, and the fertilizer coulter and the depth guide means are designed and arranged on the frame in relation to one another in such a way that when the
  • a generic arrangement is known from the seed drill disclosed in document WO 2019/214781 A1.
  • fertilizer and seeds can be introduced into the soil in one operation.
  • the fertilizer coulter disclosed there is assigned a depth guidance means in the form of a support wheel in order to copy the soil contour with the support wheel rolling over the arable soil. Changes in the height of the support wheel are transmitted to the fertilizer coulter via a mechanical connection, so that the fertilizer coulter deposits the fertilizer at a constant depth to the soil surface.
  • the previously known depth control means in the form of the support wheel also has the function of closing the fertilizer furrow opened by the fertilizer coulter and compacting the soil so that the seeds can then be placed by the coulter in a well-compacted soil.
  • the depth guidance device assigned to the fertilizer coulter is arranged laterally offset from the fertilizer coulter transversely to the working direction, the fertilizer furrow formed by the fertilizer coulter in a direction transverse to the working direction and offset to the depth guidance device is not always reliably completely closed by the depth guidance device when driving over the field, especially in difficult soil conditions. This makes it difficult the exact depth guidance of the following coulter.
  • the task is solved for a generic arrangement in that the holding means is connected to an adjusting device, when actuated, the spatial position of the holding means is adjusted so that a changed camber angle of the depth guidance means and/or a changed toe-in angle of the depth guidance means is achieved.
  • the adjustment option makes it possible to adapt the spatial position of the support wheel in relation to the rest of the seed drill to the current operating conditions and to optimize its functionality.
  • the toe-in angle and/or the camber angle can be adapted to current operating requirements, whereby a substantially flat ground surface can be produced above the fertilizer furrow in relation to the adjacent ground surfaces.
  • the adjusting device has a manually or motor-driven adjusting means.
  • a motor-driven actuating means can be an electrically, hydraulically and/or pneumatically driven actuating means, for example in the form of an electric motor, a hydraulically or pneumatically actuated cylinder.
  • a manually driven actuating means can be designed, for example, in the form of a variable plug connection.
  • the driven actuating means can be designed to be remote-controlled, which enables the advantage of, in particular automatic, spaced operation and/or control of the actuating means.
  • the adjusting device has a sensor device which is designed to sense the condition of the soil behind the fertilizer coulter.
  • the sensor device can include, for example, ultrasound-based, imaging, radar-based, tactile and/or optical sensors.
  • a configuration of the furrow or furrow shape such as its depth and/or cross section, can be sensed.
  • an edge area in particular on one and/or both sides, can be sensed next to the furrow with soil piled up there. The detection of the furrow or furrow shape and/or the edge areas by means of the sensor device enables improved adjustment/control of the adjusting device.
  • the sensor value sensed by the sensor device is combined with a
  • Transmission device mechanically and/or electronically into a target control value for the spatial position of the holding means. This enables optimized adjustment of the holding means.
  • the support wheel is held in a spatial position in the arrangement in which a lowest point of the support wheel in the vertical direction has a smaller distance in the horizontal direction from a vertical plane on the fertilizer furrow to be formed by the fertilizer coulter than a highest point in the vertical direction Point of the support wheel, so that a central plane of the support wheel has a camber angle that is inclined outwards from the vertical plane onto the fertilizer furrow. Due to the laterally inclined arrangement of the support wheel in a spatial orientation in which the central plane of the support wheel is directed obliquely downwards in a direction towards the fertilizer furrow, the support wheel exerts pressure in the direction in which the soil was previously torn up by the fertilizer coulter and has been relaxed.
  • the support wheel is not only supported in a vertical direction downwards, but it also generates a force component directed laterally into the ground as a pressure line, which is suitable for re-solidifying the soil surrounding the fertilizer furrow.
  • a force component directed laterally into the ground as a pressure line which is suitable for re-solidifying the soil surrounding the fertilizer furrow.
  • Soil capillaries are fine pores in the soil in which capillarity prevails. Water can be held in such capillaries against gravity or transported upwards by capillary rise. The capillary rise height depends on the pore shape and pore size distribution of the soil.
  • the support wheel is arranged laterally offset from the fertilizer coulter, it contributes in the manner described to closing the fertilizer furrow and re-consolidating the soil in this area. This also improves the depth guidance for the seed coulter following the fertilizer coulter when the seed drill is in operation, because the depth guidance means assigned to the sowing coulter scans a ground surface that is better reconsolidated after the fertilizer belt has been placed in the fertilizer furrow and therefore more closely matches the originally existing surface contour of the arable land to be worked corresponds.
  • the camber angle is set so that a line extending the central plane of the support wheel beyond the diameter of the support wheel forms a horizontal plane, which is at the height of the lowest point of the fertilizer coulter in the vertical direction, in the bottom of the furrow of the fertilizer furrow to be formed by the fertilizer coulter or cuts in an area that is in a direction transverse to the working direction of the seed drill between the vertical plane on the fertilizer furrow to be formed by the fertilizer coulter and an extension of a vertical plane in the working direction on that of the sowing coulter seed furrow to be formed.
  • the area is on the side transverse to the working direction of the fertilizer coulter, on which the support wheel is arranged in relation to the fertilizer coulter.
  • the soil is partly loosened, particularly in the area of the furrow base of the fertilizer furrow, but also partly shifted in a lateral direction.
  • a compacted soil structure is unfavorable because the compaction is then removed again by the sowing coulter and the seed tape is to be placed in a soil structure in which the seeds conditions are as optimal as possible in order to be able to grow well.
  • a soil structure that is compacted but also too loose would be detrimental to this.
  • the support wheel can push the soil material that was shifted in a direction towards the later sowing furrow back to where it was before the fertilizer furrow was opened , and in the process re-compact any areas of soil that are too loose in the area of the fertilizer furrow. Since the fertilizer furrow is also closed again during this soil movement, this work also results in improved depth control of the seed coulter through a more even soil surface.
  • the camber angle is between 5° and 45°.
  • a force component resulting from the contact pressure of the support wheel is directed in the direction of the bottom of the fertilizer furrow.
  • the camber angle can be even more precise at 10° to 30°, even more precisely at 15° to 25°. How strong the camber angle is selected in a specific case depends on various factors.
  • a role is played by the distance at which the support wheel is arranged from the fertilizer furrow, the contact pressure with which the support wheel is held pressed against the ground, how deep the fertilizer furrow is drawn and how deep the fertilizer belt is placed, and finally the composition of the product
  • the soil to be worked, its moisture and its weed population and previous cultivation have an influence on the camber angle at which the support wheel on the seed drill is held in relation to the vertical during operation of the seed drill.
  • the axle carrying the support wheel is held at a toe-in angle of 0° to -30° in relation to the working direction of the seed drill. If the distance between the support wheel and the fertilizer furrow in the direction of travel is greater on the front of the wheel than on the rear of the wheel, the toe-in is negative. In this case one also speaks of a so-called toe-out. With a negative toe-in of up to -30° or a toe-in of 30°, the support wheel shifts soil material towards the fertilizer furrow in a direction transverse to the working direction.
  • toe-in angle is selected exactly can depend on the working speed at which the seed drill is moved over a field area, at what distance from the fertilizer furrow the support wheel is arranged, with what contact pressure the support wheel is kept pressed onto the ground, how deep the fertilizer furrow is drawn and how deep the fertilizer belt is placed, and finally the composition and material of the soil to be worked, its moisture and weed infestation and previous cultivation can have an influence on the toe-in angle at which the support wheel on the seed drill is in relation to the vertical during the operation of the seed drill is held.
  • the support wheel is connected to the frame of the seed drill in a position in which the lowest point of the support wheel in the vertical direction is arranged laterally offset from the lowest point of the seed coulter in the vertical direction in a direction transverse to the working direction of the seed drill. It has been found that it can be advantageous if the lowest point of the support wheel does not run exactly in the line in which the seed coulter draws the seed furrow and in which the seed tape is placed in the seed furrow behind the seed coulter. It may be advantageous to select the position of the support wheel based on the
  • the seed coulter is connected to a depth guide means which is arranged on this line or on the side of the line opposite the support wheel in relation to a line running along the fertilizer furrow to be formed by the fertilizer coulter in the working direction.
  • a depth guide means which is arranged on this line or on the side of the line opposite the support wheel in relation to a line running along the fertilizer furrow to be formed by the fertilizer coulter in the working direction.
  • the fertilizer furrow can be closed more evenly with the support wheel, it is possible to guide the depth guide means assigned to the seed coulter on the fertilizer furrow. Since the support wheel, due to its special arrangement, also shifts soil material transversely to the working direction of the seed drill in the direction of the seed furrow, it can be advantageous if the depth guide means assigned to the seed coulter is arranged on the side of the fertilizer furrow opposite the support wheel. Since the depth guidance agent no longer runs on the fertilizer furrow or only runs in the edge areas, the surface and structure of the soil there is only slightly or not changed at all by the opening and closing of the fertilizer furrow. As a result, the depth guidance means feels in this position a soil surface that essentially corresponds to the surface contour as it would have looked without the fertilizer furrow. This means that the seed tape is placed at a depth that corresponds to the desired optimal placement depth.
  • the fertilizer coulter is assigned two support wheels, which are arranged on opposite sides of the fertilizer coulter in a direction transverse to the working direction of the seed drill, and at least one of the two support wheels is designed according to the features of at least one of the preceding claims.
  • the support wheels are independently movably connected to the fertilizer coulter.
  • the depth control of the fertilizer coulter can be improved if, when using several support wheels, each support wheel copies the soil surface and the depth control is either assigned to the support wheel with the largest upward or downward deflections or to the Support wheel with the smallest deflections up or down follows or one
  • the respective movement impulses are averaged, for example via
  • a fertilizer coulter is assigned two sowing coulters, the lowest points in the vertical direction of which have a lateral offset in a direction transverse to the working direction of the seed drill to the lowest point in the vertical direction of the fertilizer coulter, the sowing coulters being on opposite sides of the fertilizer coulter pulling fertilizer furrow are arranged.
  • a double track of seeds is laid out behind the fertilizer coulter, which can result in agricultural advantages. Even with a seed drill that is designed to lay a double track, the advantages of the present invention can be used by appropriately arranging one or two support wheels.
  • Fig. 1 a view of a seed drill
  • Fig. 2 a view of an arrangement of a fertilizer coulter with a downstream sowing coulter
  • Fig. 3 a side view of the arrangement of the fertilizer coulter with the associated support wheel and the associated sowing coulter,
  • Fig. 4 an arrangement of a fertilizer coulter in a sectional view along the
  • Fig. 6 a view of an arrangement with fertilizer coulter and seed coulter from a view from above along the section line Vl-Vl in Fig. 3.
  • 1 shows a seed drill 1 with an arrangement of a sowing coulter 3 attached to a frame 2 and a fertilizer coulter 4 arranged upstream of the sowing coulter 3 in the working direction A with a depth guide means 5 assigned to the fertilizer coulter 4.
  • the seed drill shown in Fig. 1 has a total of eight arrangements of respective sowing coulters with associated fertilizer coulters, which are arranged next to each other on the frame 2.
  • the respective depth guidance means 5 of the fertilizer coulters 4 is arranged laterally offset from the fertilizer coulter 4 when viewed in the working direction A of the respective fertilizer coulter 4, with the depth guidance means 5 in the exemplary embodiment shown being designed as a support wheel 6 which rotates on an axis 7.
  • FIG. 2 the arrangement of a seed coulter 3 and a fertilizer coulter 4 arranged upstream of the sowing coulter 3 in the working direction A with a depth guide means 5 assigned to the fertilizer coulter 4 is shown in an enlarged and more detailed view.
  • the fertilizer coulter 4 and the seed coulter 3 are designed and arranged on the frame 2 in such a way that the lowest point in the vertical direction of the fertilizer coulter 4 when the seed drill 1 is in operation is the same depth or lower than the lowest point in the vertical direction of the sowing coulter 3, and the fertilizer coulter 4 and the support wheel 6 are designed and arranged on the frame 2 in relation to one another so that when the seed drill 1 is in operation, the lowest point in the vertical direction of the coulter 3 is the same depth or lower than the lowest point in the vertical direction of the support wheel 6.
  • the support wheel 6 is held in a spatial position in the arrangement in which a vertically lowest point of the support wheel 6 faces a vertical plane 8 onto the fertilizer furrow to be formed by the fertilizer coulter 4 10 has a smaller distance in the horizontal direction than a highest point in the vertical direction of the support wheel 6, so that a central plane 11 of the support wheel 6 has a camber angle that is inclined outwards from the vertical plane 8 onto the fertilizer furrow 10.
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of the arrangement of the fertilizer coulter 4 with the associated support wheel 6 and the associated sowing coulter 3.
  • the courses of the section lines IV-IV and Vl-Vl are shown in FIG. 3, the views of which are shown in FIGS. 3 and 6.
  • a sensor device 18 is shown, which is arranged in such a way as to sense a soil condition behind the fertilizer coulter 4.
  • the sensor device 18 is connected to a transmission device 19, which can include, for example, a computing unit.
  • Sensor values sensed by the sensor device 18 are transferred mechanically and/or electronically into a target control value for the spatial position of a holding means (16, not shown).
  • FIG. 4 an arrangement of a fertilizer coulter 4 with a downstream sowing coulter 3 is shown along the section line IV-IV in Fig. 3 from a view from the front.
  • the fertilizer furrow 10 is shown, which the fertilizer coulters 4 cut into the soil surface 14.
  • the lowest points of the fertilizer coulter 4 and the seed coulters 3 lie below the ground surface 14 when the seed drill 1 is in use and the support wheels 6 run with their lowest points on or slightly below the ground surface 14.
  • Fertilizer share 4 there are two seed coulters 3 in one arrangement Fertilizer share 4 assigned. In this arrangement, the two seed coulters 3 lay a double track of a seed tape.
  • two support wheels 6 are also assigned to a fertilizer coulter 4.
  • the support wheels 6 are connected to the frame 2 of the seed drill 1 in a position in which the lowest point in the vertical direction of the respective support wheel 6 is arranged laterally offset in a direction transverse to the working direction A of the seed drill 1 to the lowest point in the vertical direction of the seed coulter 3 is. It is also possible to assign only a single support wheel 6 to a single fertilizer coulter 4.
  • the support wheels 6, which are each mounted on an adjustable holding means 16, are arranged at a camber angle a to the vertical. Due to the camber angle a, the lowest point in the vertical direction of the support wheel 6 has a smaller distance D1 in the horizontal direction from the vertical plane 8 on the fertilizer furrow 10 to be formed by the fertilizer coulter 4 than the highest point in the vertical direction of the support wheel 6, which in the exemplary embodiment is the distance D2 corresponds.
  • the two support wheels 6 have a different camber angle a 'and a "to the vertical plane 8 for reasons of illustration, as also shown in FIG. 5.
  • both support wheels 6 can of course also have an identical camber angle a to the vertical plane 8. From the view from the front it can also be seen that the right support wheel 6 is arranged in addition to the camber angle a also at a negative toe-in angle ⁇ to the working direction A, while the
  • Toe-in angle of the left jockey wheel is 6 0°.
  • Fig. 5 which also shows the fertilizer and seed coulters 3, 4 in an arrangement from a view from the front, the orientations of the center planes 11 of the support wheels 6 can be seen, which adjust at the respective camber angles a.
  • the camber angle a' is approximately 30°
  • the camber angle a" is approximately 22°.
  • the lines run through the central planes 11 at the camber angle from above into the ground towards the horizontal line 9, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is at the height of the lowest point of the fertilizer coulter 4 and thus also in the bottom of the fertilizer furrow 10.
  • FIG. 8 on the fertilizer furrow 10 FIG.
  • the areas of the horizontal line 9, which are located between vertical planes 12 and the vertical plane 8, are the areas in which the central planes 11 of the support wheels 6 intersect the horizontal line 9, each on the side transverse to the working direction of the fertilizer coulter 4, on which the relevant support wheel 6 is arranged in relation to the fertilizer coulter 4.
  • the camber angle a of the support wheel 6 and/or the toe-in angle ⁇ of the support wheel 6 be designed to be adjustable.
  • the adjusting device 13 has an adjusting means 17, with which the holding means 16 can be adjusted.
  • the adjusting means 17 is shown in the form of a manually driven adjusting means 17.
  • the actuating means 17 can also be designed as a motor-driven actuating means, for example in the form of an electrically driven motor or a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.
  • Fig. 6 a view of an arrangement with fertilizer coulter and seed coulter is shown from a view from above along the section line Vl-Vl in Fig. 3.
  • the lower of the two support wheels 6 is at a toe-in angle ß' of approximately by a corresponding alignment of the axle 7 carrying the support wheel 6 or the holding means 16, on which the depth guide means 5 is arranged in the form of a support wheel 6 -15° in relation to the working direction A of the seed drill 1.
  • the upper of the two support wheels 6 is set with a toe-in angle ß" of almost 0° compared to the lower support wheel.
  • the sowing coulter 3 is connected to a depth guide means 5, which is arranged between the two sowing coulters 3.
  • the depth guide means 5 is arranged on this line in relation to a line running along the fertilizer furrow 10 to be formed by the fertilizer coulter 4 in the working direction A.
  • the depth guide means 5 assigned to the seed coulter 3 can also be arranged on the side of the line opposite a support wheel 6, which is particularly useful if the arrangement only has a single seed coulter 3.
  • the sensor device 18, which is designed to detect the soil condition behind the fertilizer coulter 4 is arranged essentially centrally above the fertilizer furrow 10, which enables better detection of the furrow shape and/or the edges next to the fertilizer furrow 10.
  • the sensor value sensed by the sensor device 18 is transferred mechanically and/or electronically into a target control value for the spatial position of the holding means 16 by means of the transmission device 19.
  • the invention is not limited to the above exemplary embodiments. It is not difficult for a person skilled in the art to modify the exemplary embodiments in a way that he deems suitable in order to adapt them to a specific one

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un semoir doté d'un agencement, fixé à un châssis (2), d'un soc semeur (3) et d'un soc fertiliseur (4) placé devant le soc semeur dans la direction de travail (A), ayant un moyen de guidage de profondeur (5) qui est associé au soc fertiliseur et qui est conçu sous la forme d'une roue de support tournant sur un axe (7), qui est placée en décalage latéral par rapport au soc fertiliseur, le soc fertiliseur et le soc semeur étant conçus et placés sur le châssis de telle sorte que le point le plus bas du soc fertiliseur dans la direction verticale se trouve à une profondeur inférieure ou égale au point le plus bas du soc semeur dans la direction verticale pendant le fonctionnement du semoir, et le soc fertiliseur et la roue de support étant conçus et placés sur le châssis l'un par rapport à l'autre de telle sorte que le point le plus bas du soc semeur dans la direction verticale se trouve à une profondeur inférieure ou égale à celle du point le plus bas de la roue de support dans la direction verticale pendant le fonctionnement du semoir.
PCT/DE2023/100216 2022-03-21 2023-03-21 Agencement d'un soc fertiliseur ayant un soc semeur et une roue de support associés au soc fertiliseur WO2023179822A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022106590.1 2022-03-21
DE102022106590 2022-03-21

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4275670A (en) * 1978-07-10 1981-06-30 Amazonen-Werke Seed drill mounting arrangement
US20170215334A1 (en) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-03 Cnh Industrial America Llc Opener attachment for an agricultural row unit
WO2019214781A1 (fr) 2018-05-09 2019-11-14 Lemken Gmbh & Co Kg Semoir doté d'un moyen de jauge sur le soc d'engrais

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4275670A (en) * 1978-07-10 1981-06-30 Amazonen-Werke Seed drill mounting arrangement
US20170215334A1 (en) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-03 Cnh Industrial America Llc Opener attachment for an agricultural row unit
WO2019214781A1 (fr) 2018-05-09 2019-11-14 Lemken Gmbh & Co Kg Semoir doté d'un moyen de jauge sur le soc d'engrais

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