WO2023176406A1 - 化学蓄熱反応器 - Google Patents
化学蓄熱反応器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023176406A1 WO2023176406A1 PCT/JP2023/007084 JP2023007084W WO2023176406A1 WO 2023176406 A1 WO2023176406 A1 WO 2023176406A1 JP 2023007084 W JP2023007084 W JP 2023007084W WO 2023176406 A1 WO2023176406 A1 WO 2023176406A1
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- Prior art keywords
- heat storage
- chemical heat
- storage material
- chemical
- reaction
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B23/00—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a chemical heat storage reactor of a chemical heat storage reactor.
- Chemical heat storage which stores and dissipates heat using chemical reactions and makes it possible to store thermal energy at room temperature, is used not only in drive engines such as engines, but also in factories and equipment that performs combustion processing (such as garbage incineration facilities) during operation. Research and development is progressing from the perspective of effectively utilizing waste heat from heat sources that generate heat.
- a chemical heat storage reaction device for chemical heat storage generally uses a solid chemical heat storage material, and stores heat from an endothermic reaction when heat is applied to the chemical heat storage material to separate the generated gas.
- the structure is such that heat can be radiated to the outside of the chemical heat storage reaction device by causing an exothermic reaction with the reaction gas.
- Patent Document 1 describes that an exothermic reaction is efficiently performed by fluidizing and mixing a chemical heat storage material using a reaction gas.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a chemical heat storage reactor that has a simple structure and can move the chemical heat storage material and cause the chemical heat storage material to react efficiently.
- the present invention is the following chemical heat storage reactor.
- the chemical heat storage device of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized by a moving region where the chemical heat storage material moves due to vibration and/or its own weight, and a reaction between the chemical heat storage material while moving in the moving region.
- this chemical heat storage device since the chemical heat storage material is moved by vibration and/or its own weight, it has a simple structure and has the effect of efficiently causing the chemical heat storage material in the heat storage container to react.
- the chemical heat storage device of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized by a moving region where the chemical heat storage material moves due to vibration and/or its own weight, and a reaction between the chemical heat storage material while moving in the moving region.
- this chemical heat storage device since the chemical heat storage material is moved by vibration and/or its own weight, it has a simple structure and has the effect of efficiently causing the chemical heat storage material in the heat storage container to react.
- the chemical heat storage device of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized by being equipped with a reaction gas supply body that supplies a reaction gas or discharges a generated gas into the inside of a heat storage container having a moving region.
- the reactive gas supply body efficiently supplies the reactive gas to the chemical heat storage material in the heat storage container by supplying the reactive gas to the heat storage material in the heat storage container or discharging the generated gas. Therefore, there is an effect that the chemical heat storage material in the heat storage container can react more efficiently.
- An embodiment of the chemical heat storage device of the present invention is characterized in that the reaction gas supply unit that supplies the reaction gas or discharges the generated gas is connected to the reaction gas supply body.
- this chemical heat storage device since the reactive gas supply section and the reactive gas supply body are connected, the efficiency of supplying the reactive gas to the chemical heat storage material of the heat storage container or discharging the generated gas is improved, and the chemical heat storage This has the effect of making the material more reactive.
- one embodiment of the chemical heat storage device of the present invention is characterized in that the reactive gas supply section that supplies the reactive gas is disposed on the downstream side in the movement direction of the chemical heat storage material.
- the reactive gas is supplied from the side where the chemical heat storage materials are densely arranged, it is possible to suppress the reacted chemical heat storage materials from coming into contact with the air inside the heat storage container, thereby reducing heat loss. It can be suppressed.
- the unreacted chemical heat storage material reacts immediately after being supplied, and the chemical heat storage material near the outlet of the feeder reacts, so that the chemical heat storage material reacts without contacting the heat exchange piping. This has the effect of suppressing heat loss.
- one embodiment of the chemical heat storage device of the present invention is characterized in that the reaction gas supply section that discharges the generated gas is arranged above the chemical heat storage material.
- the reactive gas supply section is arranged above the chemical heat storage material, there is no need to provide a structure to prevent a part of the chemical heat storage material from flowing out from the reactive gas supply section, and the chemical It does not impede the flow of reaction gas during heat storage, and has the effect of simplifying the structure.
- the chemical heat storage material reaction method of the present invention for solving the above problems is characterized by a moving step of moving the chemical heat storage material by vibration and/or its own weight, and a reaction of the chemical heat storage material while being moved in the moving step. shall be.
- the chemical heat storage material reaction method of the present invention for solving the above problems includes a moving step in which the chemical heat storage material is moved by vibration and/or its own weight, and a reaction in which the chemical heat storage material is stopped from moving. It is characterized by
- FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a chemical heat storage device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a chemical heat storage device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the chemical thermal storage device of the 3rd embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a reactive gas supply body used in the chemical heat storage device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a reactive gas supply body used in the chemical heat storage device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a chemical heat storage device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a chemical heat storage device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows
- FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a reactive gas supply body used in the chemical heat storage device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the chemical heat storage device of the 4th embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. A is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a reactive gas supply body used in a chemical heat storage device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure B is a schematic explanatory diagram of Figure A viewed from the upstream side.
- FIG. A is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a reactive gas supply body used in a chemical heat storage device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure B is a schematic explanatory diagram of Figure A viewed from the upstream side.
- the chemical heat storage device and the reaction method of the chemical heat storage material of the present invention utilize waste heat from heat sources that generate heat during operation, such as drive engines such as engines, factories, and equipment that performs combustion processing (garbage incineration facilities, etc.). (waste heat) is stored in a chemical heat storage material, and when heat is needed, the heat is radiated from the heat storage product, making it possible to utilize the heat.
- the chemical heat storage device of the present invention may be used as a heat supply source while being fixed at a predetermined position, or it may be a transportable device and used by being transported to a heat demand location where heat is required. It can also be used as a thing.
- the chemical heat storage device and the reaction method of the chemical heat storage material of the present invention include heating the chemical heat storage material to separate it into a heat storage product and a generated gas during heat storage, and reacting the heat storage product and the reaction gas during heat release. It generates chemical heat storage material.
- the generated gas generated during heat storage and the reaction gas supplied during heat radiation are the same type of substance. Then, through the liquefaction process in which the generated gas is condensed and recovered as a reaction liquid, and the vaporization process in which the reaction liquid obtained in the liquefaction process is evaporated and used as a reaction gas, the reaction related to chemical heat storage progresses, and the chemical heat storage material is Heat storage and heat dissipation are possible.
- the generated gas and the reaction gas may be referred to as "reaction medium.”
- the present invention efficiently reacts the entire chemical heat storage material in a heat storage container with a simple structure by providing a moving area in which the chemical heat storage material moves due to vibration and/or its own weight.
- the chemical heat storage device and the reaction method of the chemical heat storage material described in the embodiments are merely exemplified to explain the reaction method of the chemical heat storage device and the chemical heat storage material according to the present invention, and similar effects can be achieved. However, it is not limited to these. Moreover, the reaction method of the chemical heat storage material of the present invention shall be replaced with the operation of the chemical heat storage device.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a chemical heat storage device 1a according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- This chemical heat storage device 1a includes a chemical heat storage material 2, a chemical heat storage reactor 3 in which the chemical heat storage material 2 causes an exothermic reaction or a heat storage reaction while moving, and an evaporative condenser that supplies a reaction gas 7 to the chemical heat storage reactor 3. 4, a heat storage material container 5 located on the upstream side in the moving direction of the chemical heat storage material 2, and a heat storage material container 6 located on the downstream side in the moving direction of the chemical heat storage material 2.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 is a chemical substance that is separated into a heat storage product and a generated gas 8 (reaction medium 9) during heat storage, and releases heat by the reverse reaction.
- the heat storage product and generated gas 8 include calcium oxide (CaO) and water vapor (H 2 O), calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O), calcium bromide (CaBr 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O), and calcium bromide (CaBr 2 ) and water vapor (H 2 O) .
- the chemical heat storage material 2 preferably uses water vapor as the generated gas 8 and the reaction gas 7.
- the structure and shape of the chemical heat storage material 2 are not particularly limited as long as they can move in a moving region 33a, which will be described later. Can be mentioned. Alternatively, it may be a molded body obtained by molding powder, or a porous body supporting the chemical heat storage material 2. Powder form is preferable from the viewpoint of having a large surface area to increase reactivity.
- the chemical heat storage reactor 3 heats the chemical heat storage material 2 and separates generated gas 8 from the chemical heat storage material 2 to perform a heat storage reaction, and also supplies reaction gas 7 to the chemical heat storage material 2 to perform a heat dissipation reaction. It is for this purpose.
- the chemical heat storage reactor 3 may have any size as long as the chemical heat storage material 2 can store and release heat. As shown in FIG. 1, the chemical heat storage reactor 3 includes a heat storage container 31, a heat exchange section 32a, a movement region 33a, a reaction gas supply section 34, and supply machines 35 and 36.
- the heat storage container 31 is configured to hold the chemical heat storage material 2, and is made of a sealable structure.
- the shape and material of the heat storage container 31 are not particularly limited, but preferably have pressure resistance. Having pressure resistance suppresses changes in the internal volume due to changes in the internal pressure of the heat storage container 31, thereby providing an effect that the internal pressure can be easily controlled.
- the shape and material of the heat storage container 31 are not particularly limited.
- the heat exchange section 32a exchanges the heat of the heat exchange medium inside the heat exchange section 32a with the chemical heat storage material 2, and the chemical heat storage material 2 receives the heat of the heat exchange section 32a or converts the heat of the chemical heat storage material 2 into chemical heat storage. It has a function for taking out the reactor 3 to the outside.
- the heat exchange part 32a is a plate-shaped member and has a space through which a heat exchange medium passes.
- the heat exchange part 32a is arranged in the internal space 311 of the heat storage container 31 in a state that intersects with the direction of gravity, and is arranged in an inclined state.
- the movement region 33a is a region where the chemical heat storage material 2 supplied from the heat storage material container 5 moves, and corresponds to the region on the upper surface of the heat exchange section 32a.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 performs an exothermic reaction or a heat storage reaction while moving in the moving region 33a.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 in the movement region 33a is not fluidized by the pressure of the reaction gas 7, and moves by gravity along the upper surface of the heat exchange section 32a.
- the reaction gas supply section 34 is a section to which the reaction gas 7 supplied from the evaporative condenser 4 during exothermic reaction is supplied via the medium flow path L1. Further, the reaction gas supply section 34 is also an entrance portion through which the generated gas 8 generated during the heat storage reaction moves to the evaporation condenser 4 via the medium flow path L1. Note that the valve V1 of the medium flow path L1 is opened when performing an exothermic reaction or an endothermic reaction.
- the reactive gas supply section 34 may be provided in any part of the heat storage container 31, but if it is arranged on the downstream side in the movement direction of the chemical heat storage material 2, it will be provided from the side where the chemical heat storage material 2 is densely arranged. Since the reaction gas 7 is supplied, the reacted chemical heat storage material 2 can be prevented from coming into contact with the air in the internal space 311 of the heat storage container 31, and heat loss can be suppressed. In other words, the unreacted chemical heat storage material 2 supplied from the feeder 35, which will be described later, reacts immediately and the chemical heat storage material 2 near the outlet of the feeder 35 reacts, so that it comes into contact with the heat exchange section 32a.
- the supply machine 35 is arranged on the upstream side in the moving direction of the chemical heat storage material 2, and continuously supplies the chemical heat storage material 2 in the heat storage material container 5, which will be described later, into the inside of the heat storage container 31 via the heat storage material supply path L2. do. Further, the supply machine 36 is disposed on the downstream side in the movement direction of the chemical heat storage material 2, and continuously discharges the chemical heat storage material 2 in the heat storage container 31 to a heat storage material container 6, which will be described later, via a heat storage material discharge path L3. do. Examples of the feeder 35 and the feeder 36 include a screw feeder and a rotary valve.
- the supply machine 35 and the supply machine 36 can block the reaction gas 7 from flowing into the heat storage material container 5 or the heat storage material container 6, and supply the chemical heat storage material 2 to the heat storage container 31 or the chemical heat storage material 2 from the heat storage container 31.
- it has a closed structure that can be drained. With this structure, reaction with the chemical heat storage material 2 in the heat storage material container 5 or the heat storage material container 6 can be suppressed, and the heat exchange efficiency becomes high.
- the evaporative condenser 4 supplies a reaction gas to the chemical heat storage reactor 3 during the exothermic reaction of the chemical heat storage material 2, and during the heat storage reaction, generated gas 8 flows from the chemical heat storage reactor 3 and is stored as a reaction medium 9 in a liquid state. It is a structure for The evaporative condenser 4 includes a heat exchange pipe 41, through which heat exchange is performed with the reaction medium 9, and the reaction medium 9 is supplied to the chemical heat storage reactor 3 as a reaction gas 7 during an exothermic reaction. Further, during the heat storage reaction, the generated gas 8 is condensed into a liquid state to become a reaction medium 9.
- the heat exchange pipe 41 may be cooled by a cooling device or the like, or may be cooled by natural heat radiation.
- the evaporative condenser 4 may be equipped with a vacuum pump 41 and a line 42.
- the structure and material of the heat storage material container 5 and the heat storage material container 6 are not particularly limited as long as they can store the chemical heat storage material 2, but they must be sealed so that the state of the discharged chemical heat storage material 2 does not change. It is preferable that the structure is capable of storing the chemical heat storage material 2 as much as possible.
- the heat storage material container 5 is a structure that is disposed on the upstream side in the moving direction of the chemical heat storage material 2 and stores the chemical heat storage material 2 before being reacted in the chemical heat storage reactor 3.
- the heat storage material container 6 is a structure that is disposed on the downstream side in the moving direction of the chemical heat storage material 2, and stores the chemical heat storage material 2 after reacting in the chemical heat storage reactor 3.
- the heat storage material container 5 and the heat storage material container 6 are provided so as to be replaceable from the chemical heat storage reactor 3.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 is supplied from the heat storage material container 5 to the chemical heat storage reactor 3. This process is referred to as a supply step. At this time, the chemical heat storage material 2 stored in the heat storage material container 5 has completed heat storage. Further, the supply is performed by a supply device 35, and a constant amount is continuously supplied into the heat storage container 31.
- the supplied chemical heat storage material 2 moves in the movement area 33a.
- This process is defined as a moving step for moving the chemical heat storage material 2.
- the supplied chemical heat storage material 2 is supplied to the heat exchange section 32a arranged at an angle, and the chemical heat storage material 2 moves by gravity due to its own weight in a movement region 33a that is the upper surface of the heat exchange section 32a.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 reacts with the supplied reaction gas 7. Thereby, the reaction gas 7 and the chemical heat storage material 2 can be reacted efficiently, and heat is supplied to the outside of the chemical heat storage device 1a via the heat exchange section 32a.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 that has moved through the movement area 33a is discharged into the heat storage material container 6.
- the discharge is performed by the supply machine 36, and a constant and constant amount is discharged into the heat storage material container 6. This process is called the discharge step.
- the above-mentioned supply step is performed, and the chemical heat storage material 2 is supplied to the chemical heat storage reactor 3. At this time, the chemical heat storage material 2 stored in the heat storage material container 5 has completed heat generation.
- a moving step is performed, and while moving in the moving step, the chemical heat storage material 2 reacts with the heat supplied from the heat exchange section 32a, and a heat storage reaction is performed.
- the generated gas 8 moves from the reaction gas supply section 34 through the medium flow path L1 to the evaporation condenser 4, and the chemical heat storage material 2 becomes in a state where heat is stored.
- FIG. 2 a chemical heat storage device 1b according to a second embodiment will be described. Note that components having the same configuration as the chemical heat storage device 1a are given the same reference numerals, and explanations thereof will be omitted.
- the chemical heat storage device 1b of this embodiment is different from the chemical heat storage device 1a in a heat exchange section 32b and a moving region 33b.
- ⁇ Heat exchange section> The heat exchange section 32b has the same function as the heat exchange section 32.
- the heat exchange portions 32b are tubular members, and a plurality of heat exchange portions 32b are arranged inside the heat storage container 31 at a distance in a direction intersecting gravity.
- the heat exchange section 32b is shown in cross section in FIG. 2, it is arranged so as to extend in the direction of the paper.
- the supply devices 35 and 36 are controlled so that the heat exchange section 32b is kept covered with the chemical heat storage material 2 around the heat exchange section 32b.
- the movement area 33b is an area where the chemical heat storage material 2 moves, and corresponds to the area between the wall of the heat storage container 31 and the heat exchange part 32b or between the heat exchange parts 32b.
- the moving region 33b moves so that the supplied chemical heat storage material 2 falls in the vertical direction due to gravity, and therefore does not require power for moving. Therefore, the structure of the device becomes simple.
- a moving step of moving the chemical heat storage material 2 is performed, and the supplied chemical heat storage material 2 moves in the moving area 33b so as to fall by gravity due to its own weight.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 reacts with the supplied reaction gas 7. Thereby, the reaction gas 7 and the chemical heat storage material 2 can be reacted efficiently, and heat is supplied to the outside of the chemical heat storage device 1b via the heat exchange section 32b.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 that has moved through the movement area 33b is discharged into the heat storage material container 6.
- the discharge is performed by the supply machine 36, and a constant and constant amount is discharged into the heat storage material container 6. This process is called the discharge step.
- the heat storage reaction Similar to the operation of the chemical heat storage device 1a, a supply step, a movement step, and a discharge step are performed. In the movement step, the heat storage reaction is performed while the chemical heat storage material 2 is moved by gravity so as to fall vertically in the movement region 33b. Through the above series of steps, the exothermic reaction and heat storage reaction of the chemical heat storage device 1b are completed.
- the chemical heat storage device 1c of this embodiment differs in the heat exchange section 32c and the moving region 33c, and also includes a reactive gas supply body 10 and a reactive gas supply section 34a and a reactive gas supply section 34b. Different from 1b.
- ⁇ Heat exchange section> The heat exchange section 32c has the same function as the heat exchange sections 32a and 32b.
- the heat exchange parts 32c are tubular members, and a plurality of heat exchange parts 32c are arranged inside the heat storage container 31, spaced apart in a direction intersecting the gravity, and arranged in a plurality in a row in the direction of gravity. Since the heat exchange section 32c is arranged side by side in the direction of gravity (vertical direction) compared to the heat exchange section 32b, it has the effect of reducing the installation area of the chemical heat storage reactor 3 and ensuring a long distance of the movement region 33c. . In addition, in this embodiment, the heat exchange part 32c illustrated the case where a plurality of tubular members are arranged apart from each other in the direction intersecting gravity, but a single heat exchange part 32c may be used.
- the plate-shaped heat exchange part 32a of the first embodiment of the present invention may be arranged vertically so that the chemical heat storage material 2 falls in the direction of gravity.
- the supply devices 35 and 36 are controlled so that the surroundings of the heat exchange section 32c are maintained covered with the chemical heat storage material 2.
- the movement area 33c is an area where the chemical heat storage material 2 moves, and corresponds to the area between the wall of the heat storage container 31 and the heat exchange part 32c or between the heat exchange parts 32c. do. Since the moving region 33c can ensure a longer distance in the direction of gravity than the moving region 33b, the chemical heat storage material 2 can react efficiently.
- the reaction gas supply body 10 is a member for securing a flow path for sending the reaction gas 7 to the downstream side of the chemical heat storage material 2 during an exothermic reaction, and also is a member for ensuring a flow path for sending the reaction gas 7 to the downstream side of the chemical heat storage material 2 during a heat storage reaction. This is a member for securing a flow path so that the generated gas 8 can easily reach the reaction gas supply section 34b.
- the reactive gas supply body 10 is arranged inside the heat storage container 31 having the moving region 33c, and is arranged with a part of the upstream side exposed to the space 311 of the heat storage container 31.
- the reaction gas 7 flows in or the generated gas 8 passes through the exposed portion of the reaction gas supply body 10 . Further, the reactive gas supply body 10 is arranged so as not to hinder the movement of the chemical heat storage material 2 due to gravity.
- the reaction gas supply body 10 is not particularly limited as long as it has a structure that allows the reaction gas 7 and generated gas 8 to flow back and forth inside the chemical heat storage material 2. Specifically, a cylindrical casing or a porous body filled with the diffusion member 506 can be used.
- the cylindrical casing in which the diffusion member 506 is filled has a through hole 503 provided in the wall member 502 of the casing 501, so that the reaction gas 7 can be passed through the upper opening 504 of the casing 501.
- a structure in which the reaction gas 7 is supplied to the chemical heat storage material 2 from the through hole 503 can be used.
- the shape of the casing 501 can be exemplified by a cylindrical shape or a rectangular cylindrical shape, but any shape may be used as long as it can secure a space that becomes a flow path for supplying the reaction gas 7 to the chemical heat storage material 2. .
- the casing 501 is subjected to crushing pressure 505 caused by repeated expansion and contraction due to the reaction of the chemical heat storage material 2.
- the diffusion members 506 filled in the housing 501 are used for the purpose of diffusing the reaction gas 7 in a meandering manner between the diffusion members 506, and also serve to prevent the reaction gas 7 from being crushed by the crushing pressure 505.
- the diffusion member 506 is filled, an object made of another member that can secure a flow path (passage space) for the reaction gas 7 and can withstand the crushing pressure 505 is used.
- An example of the diffusion member 506 is one filled inside the housing 501.
- a PCM capsule that plays a role of storing latent heat may be used for the diffusion member 506.
- a PCM capsule is a metal capsule containing a latent heat storage material (PCM is an abbreviation for Phase Change Material), and the latent heat storage material absorbs and releases heat by repeating melting and solidification. .
- PCM Phase Change Material
- the latent heat storage material absorbs and releases heat by repeating melting and solidification.
- the latent heat storage material melts and becomes liquid, but since the outer metal capsule is in a solid state, the latent heat storage material does not leak, and even if crushing pressure 505 is generated. , a flow path for the reaction gas 7 can be secured.
- porous body it is possible to use what is called a metal foam, which is a metal cell-like structure having a large amount of small spaces, and has open cells in which the cells are connected to each other.
- FIG. 5C corresponds to the plate-like body 201 (FIG. 5C) in which the through-holes 203a and 203b of the plate-like members 202a and 202b are shifted from each other and overlapped.
- the plate-like members 202a and 202b are arranged so that the through holes 203a and 203b are connected to each other. are overlapped with their positions shifted from each other, the reaction gas 7 enters from the through hole 203a in the portion exposed to the space 21, and the reaction gas 7 meanderingly flows downward through the through holes 203a and 203b. Moving. Therefore, it is possible to supply the reactive gas 7 also to the chemical heat storage material 2 below.
- the reactive gas supply body 10 may be placed in a container or bag made of metal mesh, or a mesh member may be placed in the chemical heat storage material 2. It may also be placed between.
- reaction gas supply section 34a and the reaction gas supply section 34b are supply ports through which the reaction gas 7 or the generated gas 8 flows back and forth to the evaporation condenser 4.
- the reactive gas supply section 34a is disposed on the downstream side in the moving direction of the chemical heat storage material 2 and is connected to the downstream side of the reactive gas supply body 10, and the reactive gas supply section 34b is located at a position above the chemical heat storage material 2.
- the reaction gas supply section 34a is provided with a structure that prevents a part of the chemical heat storage material 2 from flowing out, so as to suppress clogging of the medium flow path L1 with the chemical heat storage material 2.
- the reaction gas is discharged from the evaporation condenser 4 with the valve V1 provided in the medium flow path L1 being operated to open and the valve V2 provided in the medium flow path L4 being closed. 7 is supplied to the chemical heat storage material 2 from the reactive gas supply body 10 via the reactive gas supply section 34a.
- the generated gas 8 is reacted with the valve V1 provided in the medium flow path L1 being closed and the valve V2 provided in the medium flow path L4 being open.
- the gas is released into the internal space of the heat storage container 31 via the exposed portion of the gas supply body 10, and is discharged from the reaction gas supply section 34b.
- the generated gas 8 can easily move to the upstream side and the flow is not obstructed. Note that by supplying heat from the downstream side of the downstream heat exchange section 32c, the temperature on the downstream side increases, and the densely arranged chemical heat storage material 2 exhibits a heat retention effect, so heat is not transferred from the upstream side.
- the heat storage reaction can be carried out more efficiently than when the heat is supplied.
- a moving step of moving the chemical heat storage material is performed, and the supplied chemical heat storage material 2 moves in the moving area 33c so as to fall by gravity due to its own weight. While moving in the moving step, the chemical heat storage material 2 reacts with the reaction gas 7 supplied from the downstream side of the reaction gas supply body 10 . This allows the reaction gas 7 and the chemical heat storage material 2 to react efficiently, and heat is supplied to the outside of the chemical heat storage device 1c via the heat exchange section 32c.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 that has moved through the movement area 33c is discharged into the heat storage material container 6.
- the discharge is performed by the supply machine 36, and a constant and constant amount is discharged into the heat storage material container 6. This process is called the discharge step.
- a supply step Similar to the operations of the chemical heat storage devices 1a and 1b, a supply step, a movement step, and a discharge step are performed. Note that during the supply step, the valve V1 is in a closed state and the valve V2 is in an open state. In the movement step, the heat storage reaction is performed while the chemical heat storage material 2 is moved by gravity so as to fall vertically in the movement area 33c. Through the above series of steps, the exothermic reaction and heat storage reaction of the chemical heat storage device 1c are completed.
- a reaction gas supply section 34a and a reaction gas supply section 34b are provided, the reaction gas 7 is supplied from the reaction gas supply section 34a, and the generated gas 8 generated during the heat storage reaction is discharged from the reaction gas supply section 34b.
- the reaction gas 7 may be supplied and the generated gas 8 may be discharged from the reaction gas supply section 34b without providing the reaction gas supply section 34a.
- the reaction gas 7 may be supplied and the generated gas 8 may be discharged from the reaction gas supply section 34a without providing the reaction gas supply section 34b.
- the upstream portion into which the chemical heat storage material 2 is introduced is connected to the reactive gas supply section 34b, so that the generated gas 7 or the reactive gas 8 can be passed through the reactive gas supply section 34b.
- It has a structure in which the medium flows through the medium flow path L4. With this structure, the reaction gas 8 can be efficiently supplied to the chemical heat storage material 2 of the heat storage container 31 on the downstream side. Furthermore, by making the inside of the evaporative condenser 4 have a lower pressure than the heat storage container 31 using the vacuum pump 41, the transfer efficiency is improved when the generated gas 7 is transferred to the evaporative condenser 4.
- FIG. 8 and 9 are diagrams showing the reactive gas supply body 10 and the reactive gas supply section 34b.
- the upper part of the upstream side into which the chemical heat storage material 2 is introduced is covered with a cover member 34c.
- This structure has a medium flow path L4 arranged on the side surface of the cover member 34c. Since the cover member 34c is structured to cover the upper end surface of the reactive gas supply body 10, it has the effect of suppressing the chemical heat storage material 2 supplied from upstream from entering the through holes 203a and the through holes 203b. . Further, with this structure, since a large connecting portion between the medium flow path L4 and the cover member 34c can be secured, the connection can be easily performed by a method such as welding, and manufacturing is easy.
- a moving step of moving the chemical heat storage material is performed, and the supplied chemical heat storage material 2 moves in the moving area 33c so as to fall by gravity due to its own weight.
- the cover member 34c covers the upper end surface of the reactive gas supply body 10
- the supplied chemical heat storage material 2 flows from the upper end surface of the reactive gas supply body 10 into the through holes 203a and 203b. can be prevented from entering.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 reacts with the reaction gas 7 supplied from the downstream side of the reaction gas supply body 10 . Thereby, the reaction gas 7 and the chemical heat storage material 2 can be efficiently reacted, and heat is supplied to the outside of the chemical heat storage device 1d via the heat exchange section 32c.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 that has moved through the movement area 33c is discharged into the heat storage material container 6.
- the discharge is performed by the supply machine 36, and a constant and constant amount is discharged into the heat storage material container 6. This process is called the discharge step.
- a supply step Similar to the operation of the chemical heat storage device 1c, a supply step, a movement step, and a discharge step are performed. Note that during the supply step, the valve V1 is in a closed state and the valve V2 is in an open state. In the movement step, the heat storage reaction is performed while the chemical heat storage material 2 is moved by gravity so as to fall vertically in the movement area 33c.
- the exothermic reaction and heat storage reaction of the chemical heat storage device 1d are completed.
- the cover member 34c is provided on the upper end surface of the reactive gas supply body 10, and the reactive gas supply body 10 is connected to the reactive gas supply section 34b.
- a cover member may be provided to cover the lower end surface of the body 10 to connect the reactive gas supply body 10 and the reactive gas supply section 34a. Further, the reactive gas supply body 10 may be connected to both the reactive gas supply section 34b and the reactive gas supply section 34a.
- a reaction gas supply section 34a and a reaction gas supply section 34b are provided, and the reaction gas 7 is supplied from the reaction gas supply section 34a, and the generated gas 8 generated during the heat storage reaction is
- the reaction gas 7 may be supplied and the generated gas 8 may be discharged from the reaction gas supply section 34b without providing the reaction gas supply section 34a.
- the reaction gas 7 when the reaction gas 7 is supplied, the reaction of the chemical heat storage material 2 near the internal space 311 can be suppressed and the reaction can be caused near the heat exchange section 32c, so that heat exchange can be performed efficiently. I can do it.
- the case where the heat exchange parts 32a, 32b, and 32c are arranged inside the heat storage container 31 is illustrated, but the A heat exchange member may be installed outside the heat storage container 31.
- an inclined plate for guiding the chemical heat storage material 2 is arranged in place of the heat exchange section 32a.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 is moved by gravity in the movement areas 33a, 33b, and 33c, but the chemical heat storage reactor 3 is moved by vibration. It may be equipped with a prompting device.
- a vibrator that continuously vibrates the heat storage container 31 or the heat exchange parts 32a, 32b, and 32c, a knocker that vibrates periodically at regular intervals, or the like may be provided.
- the flow path L1 and/or L4 connected to the reactive gas supply body 10 is connected to a compressor or the like, and high-pressure air is injected to the chemical heat storage material 2 through the reactive gas supply body 10, thereby controlling the movement of the chemical heat storage material 2. You can also encourage them.
- the heat exchange member 32a may be arranged at an angle so that the chemical heat storage material 2 does not move due to gravity but moves when vibration is applied.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 may be batch-processed, and after completing the exothermic reaction or heat storage reaction while the movement of the chemical heat storage material 2 in the moving area 33a is stopped (no vibration is applied), The chemical heat storage material 2 may be moved by applying vibration.
- the heat exchange part 32b or 32c is kept covered with the chemical heat storage material 2; A case where a continuous and constant amount is controlled by the feeders 35 and 36 has been illustrated.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 may be subjected to batch processing, in which the feeder 35 is operated and the feeder 36 is stopped so that the heat exchange section 32b or 32c is covered, and the chemical heat storage material 2 is processed in the transfer area 33b or 33c. After the movement of the heat storage material 2 is stopped and the exothermic reaction or heat storage reaction is completed, the feeder 36 may be operated to discharge (move) the chemical heat storage material 2 after the reaction.
- valve V1 when an exothermic reaction is performed, the valve V1 is in an open state and the valve V2 is in a closed state, and when a heat storage reaction is performed, the valve V1 is in an open state and a valve V2 is in a closed state.
- the case where the valve V2 is in the closed state and the valve V2 is in the open state is illustrated.
- the valve V1 if the entire reaction gas supply body 10 is covered with the chemical heat storage material 2 as in the case of batch processing, the valve V1 is in the closed state during the exothermic reaction.
- valve V1 and valve V2 may be in an open state, or, when performing a heat storage reaction, valve V1 may be in an open state and valve V2 may be in a closed state. Moreover, both the valve V1 and the valve V2 may be in an open state during the exothermic reaction and the heat storage reaction.
- the chemical heat storage material 2 is moved vertically by gravity in the movement areas 33a, 33b, and 33c, but in the horizontal direction (lateral direction) You may move it.
- the chemical heat storage device and the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material of the present invention utilize exhaust heat from heat sources that generate heat during operation, such as drive engines such as engines, factories and equipment that performs combustion processing (garbage incineration facilities, etc.). It is suitably used as a means to effectively utilize (waste heat).
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Abstract
Description
すなわち、本発明は、以下の化学蓄熱反応器である。
言い換えると、供給直後の未反応の化学蓄熱材が直ちに反応すること及び供給機の出口付近の化学蓄熱材が反応してしまうことにより、熱交換配管と接触していない状態で化学蓄熱材が反応してしまうこと抑制でき、熱損失を抑制できる効果がある。
本発明は、振動又は/及び自重により化学蓄熱材が移動する移動領域を備えることにより、簡単な構造で蓄熱容器内の化学蓄熱材の全体を効率よく反応させるものである。
[化学蓄熱装置]
図1は、本発明の第一の実施態様の化学蓄熱装置1aの構造を示す概略説明図である。この化学蓄熱装置1aは、化学蓄熱材2と、化学蓄熱材2が移動しながら発熱反応又は蓄熱反応を起こす化学蓄熱反応器3と、化学蓄熱反応器3に反応気体7を供給する蒸発凝縮器4と、化学蓄熱材2の移動方向上流側に位置する蓄熱材コンテナ5及び化学蓄熱材2の移動方向下流側に位置する蓄熱材コンテナ6と、を備える。
化学蓄熱材2は、蓄熱時に蓄熱生成物と生成気体8(反応媒体9)に分離され、また、この逆の反応により熱を放出する化学物質である。例えば、蓄熱生成物と生成気体8として、酸化カルシウム(CaO)と水蒸気(H2O)、塩化カルシウム(CaCl2)と水蒸気(H2O)、臭化カルシウム(CaBr2)と水蒸気(H2O)、ヨウ化カルシウム(CaI2)と水蒸気(H2O)、酸化マグネシウム(MgO)と水蒸気(H2O)、塩化マグネシウム(MgCl2)と水蒸気(H2O)、塩化亜鉛(ZnCl2)と水蒸気(H2O)、塩化ストロンチウム(SrCl2)とアンモニア(NH3)、臭化ストロンチウム(SrBr2)とアンモニア(NH3)等が挙げられる。放熱時に調達が容易であるという観点から、化学蓄熱材2は、生成気体8及び反応気体7として水蒸気を利用するものであることが好ましい。
化学蓄熱反応器3は、化学蓄熱材2を加熱し、化学蓄熱材2から生成気体8を分離させて、蓄熱反応が行われ、また、化学蓄熱材2へ反応気体7を供給し、放熱反応が行われるためのものである。化学蓄熱反応器3は、化学蓄熱材2による蓄放熱を行うことができればどのような大きさでもよい。
図1に示すとおり、化学蓄熱反応器3は、蓄熱容器31と、熱交換部32aと、移動領域33aと、反応気体供給部34と、供給機35及び36とを備える。
蓄熱容器31は、化学蓄熱材2を保持するための構成であり、密閉可能な構造物からなる。蓄熱容器31の形状や材質は、特に制限されないが、耐圧性を有することが好ましい。耐圧性を有することにより蓄熱容器31の内部の圧力の変化による内容積の変化が抑制されるため、内部の圧力を制御しやすいという効果を奏する。蓄熱容器31の形状や材質は、特に制限されない。
熱交換部32aは、熱交換部32aの内部の熱交換媒体の熱を化学蓄熱材2と交換し、化学蓄熱材2が熱交換部32aの熱を受け取るまたは化学蓄熱材2の熱を化学蓄熱反応器3の外部に取り出すための機能を有する。
熱交換部32aは、板状の部材であって、熱交換媒体が通過する空間を有する。熱交換部32aは、蓄熱容器31の内部空間311に重力方向と交差した状態で配置され、傾斜した状態で配置される。
移動領域33aは、蓄熱材コンテナ5から供給された化学蓄熱材2が移動する部分であり、熱交換部32aの上側表面の領域が該当する。化学蓄熱材2は、移動領域33aを移動しながら発熱反応または蓄熱反応をする。移動領域33aの化学蓄熱材2は、反応気体7による圧で流動化が行われず、熱交換部32aの上側表面に沿うように重力によって移動する。
反応気体供給部34は、発熱反応時に蒸発凝縮器4から供給された反応気体7が媒体流路L1を経由して供給される部分である。また、反応気体供給部34は、蓄熱反応時に生成された生成気体8が媒体流路L1を経由して蒸発凝縮器4に移動するための入り口部分でもある。
なお、媒体流路L1のバルブV1は、発熱反応または吸熱反応を行なう際に、開状態にされる。
言い換えると、後述する供給機35から供給された未反応の化学蓄熱材2が直ちに反応すること及び供給機35の出口付近の化学蓄熱材2が反応してしまうことにより、熱交換部32aと接触していない状態で化学蓄熱材2が反応してしまうこと抑制でき、熱損失を抑制できる効果がある。
なお、反応気体供給部34が下流側に配置された場合、化学蓄熱材2の一部が反応気体供給部34から流出しないようにする構造を設け、化学蓄熱材2で媒体流路L1が詰まることを抑制することが好ましい。
供給機35は、化学蓄熱材2の移動方向上流側に配置され、蓄熱材供給路L2を経由して後述する蓄熱材コンテナ5内の化学蓄熱材2を連続的に蓄熱容器31の内部へ供給する。また、供給機36は、化学蓄熱材2の移動方向下流側に配置され、蓄熱材排出路L3を経由して蓄熱容器31内の化学蓄熱材2を連続的に後述する蓄熱材コンテナ6へ排出する。
供給機35及び供給機36としては、スクリューフィーダーやロータリーバルブが例示できる。
供給機35及び供給機36は、反応気体7が蓄熱材コンテナ5又は蓄熱材コンテナ6に流入しないように遮断でき、蓄熱容器31へ化学蓄熱材2を供給又は蓄熱容器31から化学蓄熱材2を排出することができる密閉構造であることが好ましい。この構造であれば、蓄熱材コンテナ5内又は蓄熱材コンテナ6内の化学蓄熱材2と反応することを抑制でき、熱交換効率が高くなる。
蒸発凝縮器4は、化学蓄熱材2の発熱反応時に化学蓄熱反応器3へ反応気体を供給し、蓄熱反応時に化学蓄熱反応器3から生成気体8が流入し、液体状態の反応媒体9として貯留するための構造物である。
蒸発凝縮器4は、熱交換配管41を備え、熱交換配管41により反応媒体9と熱交換が行われ、発熱反応時に反応媒体9が反応気体7として化学蓄熱反応器3に供給される。また、蓄熱反応時に生成気体8を反応媒体9となるように液体状態に凝縮する。
なお、凝縮する際に、熱交換配管41が冷却装置等により冷却されてもよいし、自然放熱により冷却されてもよい。
また、図1に示すように、蒸発凝縮器4には、真空ポンプ41とライン42を備えていてもよい。真空ポンプ41により蒸発凝縮器4の内部の圧力が蓄熱容器31の内部よりも低い圧力にされることで、生成気体8が流入しやすくできる効果がある。
蓄熱材コンテナ5及び蓄熱材コンテナ6は、化学蓄熱材2を貯留することができるものであれば構造や材質は特に限定されないが、排出された化学蓄熱材2の状態が変化しないように、密閉可能に化学蓄熱材2を保存できる構造物であることが好ましい。
蓄熱材コンテナ5は、化学蓄熱材2の移動方向上流側に配置され、化学蓄熱反応器3で反応させる前の化学蓄熱材2が貯留される構造物である。また、蓄熱材コンテナ6は、化学蓄熱材2の移動方向下流側に配置され、化学蓄熱反応器3で反応した後の化学蓄熱材2が貯留される構造物である。
また、蓄熱材コンテナ5及び蓄熱材コンテナ6の容量を変えることで、化学蓄熱材2の量を調整しやすい効果もある。
次に、本実施態様に係る化学蓄熱装置1aの動作について説明する。
まず、発熱反応を行う場合を例に説明すると、蓄熱材コンテナ5から化学蓄熱材2が化学蓄熱反応器3に供給される。この工程を供給ステップとする。
この時、蓄熱材コンテナ5に貯留された化学蓄熱材2は、蓄熱が完了した状態である。また、供給は、供給機35により行われ、連続的かつ一定量が蓄熱容器31の内部に供給される。
供給された化学蓄熱材2は、傾斜して配置された熱交換部32aに供給され、熱交換部32aの上面表面である移動領域33aにおいて、化学蓄熱材2が自重により重力で移動する。
移動ステップで移動する間に化学蓄熱材2が、供給された反応気体7と反応する。これにより反応気体7と化学蓄熱材2とを、効率よく反応させることができ、熱交換部32aを経由して熱が化学蓄熱装置1aの外部に供給される。
以上の一連の工程により、化学蓄熱装置1aの発熱反応及び蓄熱反応が完了する。
[化学蓄熱装置]
次に図2を参照し、第2の実施態様の化学蓄熱装置1bについて説明する。なお、化学蓄熱装置1aと同じ構成のものについては、同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。
本実施態様の化学蓄熱装置1bは、熱交換部32bと移動領域33bが化学蓄熱装置1aと異なる。
<熱交換部>
熱交換部32bは、熱交換部32と同様の機能を有する。熱交換部32bは、管状の部材であって、蓄熱容器31の内部に重力と交差する方向に離れて複数配置される。図2では、熱交換部32bを断面で示しているが、紙面方向に延びるように配置されている。
また、熱交換部32bは、周囲を化学蓄熱材2で覆われた状態が維持されるように、供給機35及び36が制御される。
移動領域33bは、移動領域33aと同様に、化学蓄熱材2が移動する領域であり、蓄熱容器31の壁と熱交換部32bとの間又は熱交換部32b同士の間の領域が該当する。
移動領域33bは、供給された化学蓄熱材2が重力によって上下方向に落下するように移動することから、移動させるための動力を必要としない。よって、装置の構造が簡単になる。
次に、本実施態様に係る化学蓄熱装置1bの動作について説明する。
まず、発熱反応を行う場合を例に説明すると、化学蓄熱装置1aの動作と同様に、供給ステップが行われる。
移動ステップで移動する間に化学蓄熱材2が、供給された反応気体7と反応する。これにより反応気体7と化学蓄熱材2とを、効率よく反応させることができ、熱交換部32bを経由して熱が化学蓄熱装置1bの外部に供給される。
移動ステップでは、化学蓄熱材2が移動領域33bを上下方向に落下するように重力で移動しながら蓄熱反応が行われる。
以上の一連の工程により、化学蓄熱装置1b発熱反応及び蓄熱反応が完了する。
[化学蓄熱装置]
次に図3参照し、第3の実施態様の化学蓄熱装置1cについて説明する。なお、化学蓄熱装置1a及び1bと同じ構成のものについては、同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。
本実施態様の化学蓄熱装置1cは、熱交換部32cと移動領域33cが異なり、また、反応気体供給体10を備える点及び反応気体供給部34aと反応気体供給部34bとを備えるが化学蓄熱装置1bと異なる。
<熱交換部>
熱交換部32cは、熱交換部32a及び32bと同様の機能を有する。熱交換部32cは、管状の部材であって、蓄熱容器31の内部に重力と交差する方向に離れて複数配置されかつ重力方向に複数並べて配置される。
熱交換部32cは、熱交換部32bに比べ、重力方向(上下方向)に並べて配置されるため、化学蓄熱反応器3の設置面積を小さくしつつ移動領域33cの距離を長く確保できる効果がある。
なお、本実施の態様では、熱交換部32cは、管状の部材が重力と交差する方向に離れて複数配置された場合を例示したが、単数であってもよい。
また、管状の部材に変えて本発明の第1の実施態様の板状の熱交換部32aを縦に配置し、化学蓄熱材2が重力方向に落下するようにしてもよい。
熱交換部32cは、熱交換部32bと同様に、周囲を化学蓄熱材2で覆われた状態を維持されるように、供給機35及び36が制御される。
移動領域33cは、移動領域33a及び33bと同様に、化学蓄熱材2が移動する領域であり、蓄熱容器31の壁と熱交換部32cとの間又は熱交換部32c同士の間の領域が該当する。移動領域33cは、移動領域33bと比較して、重力方向に長い距離を確保できることから、化学蓄熱材2の反応を効率よく行うことができる。
反応気体供給体10は、発熱反応時に反応気体7を化学蓄熱材2の下流側まで送り込むための流路を確保するための部材であり、また、蓄熱反応時において下流側の化学蓄熱材2によって生成された生成気体8が反応気体供給部34bに到達しやすくするようにするための流路を確保するための部材である。
反応気体供給体10は、移動領域33cを有する蓄熱容器31の内部に配置され、上流側の一部が蓄熱容器31の空間311に露出した状態で配置される。反応気体供給体10の露出した部分からは、反応気体7が流入する又は生成気体8が通過する。
また、反応気体供給体10は、化学蓄熱材2の重力による移動を妨げることがないように配置される。
筐体501の形状は、円筒状や角筒状が例示できるが、化学蓄熱材2に反応気体7を供給するための流路となる空間を確保できるものであれば、どのような形状でもよい。
また、反応気体供給体10として、板状体201を使用した場合、重ね合わせ部分205が存在することから、押しつぶし圧力505を受けたとしても潰されることがない効果がある。
また、反応気体供給体10は、化学蓄熱材2が貫通孔に入り込んで塞ぐことがないように、金属製のメッシュからなる容器又は袋体に入れられたり、メッシュ状の部材が化学蓄熱材2との間に配置されたりしてもよい。
反応気体供給部34aと反応気体供給部34bは、反応気体7または生成気体8が蒸発凝縮器4へ行き来するための供給口である。
反応気体供給部34aは、化学蓄熱材2の移動方向下流側に配置され、反応気体供給体10の下流側と連結しており、反応気体供給部34bは、化学蓄熱材2よりも上部の位置に配置される。
反応気体供給部34aは、化学蓄熱材2一部が流出しないようにする構造を設け、化学蓄熱材2で媒体流路L1が詰まることを抑制することが好ましい。
なお、下流側の熱交換部32cの下流側から熱を供給することで、下流側の温度が高くなり、密に配置された化学蓄熱材2が保温効果を発揮するため、上流側から熱を供給するよりも、効率よく蓄熱反応を行うことができる。
次に、本実施態様に係る化学蓄熱装置1cの動作について説明する。
まず、発熱反応を行う場合を例に説明すると、化学蓄熱装置1a及び1bの動作と同様に、供給ステップが行われる。このとき、バルブV1が開状態及びバルブV2が閉状態である。
移動ステップで移動する間に化学蓄熱材2が、反応気体供給体10の下流側から供給された反応気体7と反応する。これにより反応気体7と化学蓄熱材2が、効率よく反応させることができ、熱交換部32cを経由して熱が化学蓄熱装置1cの外部に供給される。
なお、供給ステップの際、バルブV1が閉状態及びバルブV2が開状態である。
移動ステップでは、化学蓄熱材2が移動領域33cを上下方向に落下するように重力で移動しながら蓄熱反応が行われる。
以上の一連の工程により、化学蓄熱装置1c発熱反応及び蓄熱反応が完了する。
[化学蓄熱装置]
次に図7参照し、第4の実施態様の化学蓄熱装置1dについて説明する。なお、化学蓄熱装置1aから1cと同じ構成のものについては、同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。
本実施態様の化学蓄熱装置1dは、反応気体供給部34aと反応気体供給体10とが連結している点が化学蓄熱装置1cと異なる。
反応気体供給体10は、化学蓄熱材2が投入される上流側の部分と反応気体供給部34bが連結していることで、生成気体7又は反応気体8が反応気体供給部34bを経由して媒体流路L4を流れる構造となっている。
この構造とすることで、下流側の蓄熱容器31の化学蓄熱材2に反応気体8を効率よく供給することできる。また、真空ポンプ41により蒸発凝縮器4の内部を蓄熱容器31よりも低圧にするとより、生成気体7を蒸発凝縮器4に移動させる際にも、移動効率が向上する。
図8の(A)図に示す反応気体供給体10では、化学蓄熱材2が投入される上流側の部分の上部がカバー部材34cで覆われる。このカバー部材34cの側面部に媒体流路L4が配置された構造である。カバー部材34cが反応気体供給体10の上部端面部を覆う構造となっていることから、上流から供給された化学蓄熱材2が、貫通孔203a及び貫通孔203bに入り込むことを抑制できる効果がある。
また、この構造であれば、媒体流路L4とカバー部材34cとの連結部分を大きく確保できることから、溶接のような方法で連結がしやすく、製造が容易である効果がある。
この構造とすることで、上流から供給される化学蓄熱材2の落下を媒体流路L4が阻害しにくい構造とすることができる。
次に、本実施態様に係る化学蓄熱装置1dの動作について説明する。
まず、発熱反応を行う場合を例に説明すると、化学蓄熱装置1cの動作と同様に、供給ステップが行われる。このとき、バルブV1が開状態及びバルブV2が閉状態である。
移動ステップで移動する間に化学蓄熱材2が、反応気体供給体10の下流側から供給された反応気体7と反応する。これにより反応気体7と化学蓄熱材2が、効率よく反応させることができ、熱交換部32cを経由して熱が化学蓄熱装置1dの外部に供給される。
なお、供給ステップの際、バルブV1が閉状態及びバルブV2が開状態である。
移動ステップでは、化学蓄熱材2が移動領域33cを上下方向に落下するように重力で移動しながら蓄熱反応が行われる。
以上の一連の工程により、化学蓄熱装置1d発熱反応及び蓄熱反応が完了する。
なお、本発明の第4の実施態様の化学蓄熱装置の動作についての説明において、発熱反応を行う場合、バルブV1が開状態及びバルブV2が閉状態であり、蓄熱反応を行う場合、バルブV1が閉状態及びバルブV2が開状態である場合を例示した。しかしながら、本発明の第4の実施態様において、バッチ処理を行う際のように、反応気体供給体10の全体が化学蓄熱材2で覆われた状態であれば、発熱反応時にバルブV1が閉状態及びバルブV2が開状態としてもよく、また、蓄熱反応を行う場合にバルブV1が開状態及びバルブV2が閉状態としてもよい。また、発熱反応及び蓄熱反応の際にバルブV1及びバルブV2が共に開状態としてもよい。
1b 化学蓄熱装置
1c 化学蓄熱装置
2 化学蓄熱材
3 化学蓄熱反応器
4 蒸発凝縮器
5 蓄熱材コンテナ
6 蓄熱材コンテナ
7 反応気体
8 生成気体
9 反応媒体
10 反応気体供給体
31 蓄熱容器
32a 熱交換部
32b 熱交換部
32c 熱交換部
33a 移動領域
33b 移動領域
33c 移動領域
34 反応気体供給部
34a 反応気体供給部
34b 反応気体供給部
34c カバー部材
35 供給機
36 供給機
41 熱交換配管
311 内部空間
201 板状体
202a 板状部材
202b 板状部材
203a 貫通孔
203b 貫通孔
205 重ね合わせ部分
501 筐体
502 壁部材
503 貫通孔
504 上部開口
505 圧力
506 拡散部材
Claims (8)
- 振動又は/及び自重により化学蓄熱材が移動する移動領域と、
前記移動領域で移動する間に前記化学蓄熱材が反応することを特徴とする、化学蓄熱装置。 - 振動又は/及び自重により化学蓄熱材が移動する移動領域と、
前記移動領域で化学蓄熱材の移動を止めた状態で前記化学蓄熱材が反応することを特徴とする、化学蓄熱装置。 - 前記移動領域を有する蓄熱容器の内部に反応気体を供給又は生成気体を排出する反応気体供給体を備えることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の化学蓄熱装置。
- 前記反応気体を供給又は生成気体を排出する反応気体供給部は、前記反応気体供給体と連結することを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の化学蓄熱装置。
- 反応気体を供給する反応気体供給部は、前記化学蓄熱材の移動方向下流側に配置することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の化学蓄熱装置。
- 生成気体を排出する反応気体供給部は、前記化学蓄熱材よりも上部に配置することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の化学蓄熱装置。
- 振動又は/及び自重により化学蓄熱材を移動する移動ステップと、
前記移動ステップで移動する間に前記化学蓄熱材が反応することを特徴とする、化学蓄熱材の反応方法。 - 振動又は/及び自重により化学蓄熱材を移動する移動ステップと、
前記化学蓄熱材の移動を止めた状態で前記化学蓄熱材が反応することを特徴とする、化学蓄熱材の反応方法。
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5773369A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1982-05-08 | Toyo Engineering Corp | Chemical heat pump |
| JPH05248728A (ja) * | 1992-03-06 | 1993-09-24 | Hitachi Ltd | 化学蓄熱型ヒートポンプ |
| US20140096933A1 (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2014-04-10 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Ene Alt | Reactive solid/heat-transport gas reactor including a helical duct in which the solid and the gas flow in opposite directions |
| JP2016008744A (ja) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-01-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 可逆的反応により蓄熱と放熱を繰り返す化学蓄熱体を用いる熱輸送システム |
| CN111457769A (zh) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-07-28 | 黄景温 | 一种高温废水余热回收利用装置 |
| CN113663636A (zh) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-19 | 南京工业大学 | 一种回转式钙基高温热化学储能反应装置及储能反应方法 |
| CN113720188A (zh) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-30 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 一种储热球短距离储热输热系统及其运行方法 |
-
2023
- 2023-02-27 JP JP2024507680A patent/JPWO2023176406A1/ja active Pending
- 2023-02-27 WO PCT/JP2023/007084 patent/WO2023176406A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5773369A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1982-05-08 | Toyo Engineering Corp | Chemical heat pump |
| JPH05248728A (ja) * | 1992-03-06 | 1993-09-24 | Hitachi Ltd | 化学蓄熱型ヒートポンプ |
| US20140096933A1 (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2014-04-10 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Ene Alt | Reactive solid/heat-transport gas reactor including a helical duct in which the solid and the gas flow in opposite directions |
| JP2016008744A (ja) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-01-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 可逆的反応により蓄熱と放熱を繰り返す化学蓄熱体を用いる熱輸送システム |
| CN111457769A (zh) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-07-28 | 黄景温 | 一种高温废水余热回收利用装置 |
| CN113720188A (zh) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-30 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 一种储热球短距离储热输热系统及其运行方法 |
| CN113663636A (zh) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-19 | 南京工业大学 | 一种回转式钙基高温热化学储能反应装置及储能反应方法 |
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