WO2023171467A1 - 溶銑の製造方法 - Google Patents
溶銑の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023171467A1 WO2023171467A1 PCT/JP2023/007389 JP2023007389W WO2023171467A1 WO 2023171467 A1 WO2023171467 A1 WO 2023171467A1 JP 2023007389 W JP2023007389 W JP 2023007389W WO 2023171467 A1 WO2023171467 A1 WO 2023171467A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- gas
- iron
- hot metal
- porous material
- Prior art date
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 173
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 169
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 169
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 169
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 carbon metal compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/06—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/26—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by adding additional fuel in recirculation pipes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing hot metal in the steel industry.
- Non-Patent Document 1 reviews the technological prospects for achieving the long-term goal of reducing carbon dioxide in steel.
- CCS carbon dioxide capture and storage
- Another known method is carbon dioxide capture and utilization (CCU) technology, which separates and reuses CO 2 in exhaust gas.
- CCU carbon dioxide capture and utilization
- CH 4 is synthesized using CO 2 in exhaust gas. The synthesized CH 4 is then blown into the blast furnace through the tuyere and used again for the reduction reaction.
- the above conventional technology has the following problems. That is, although the adoption of the CCS method can contribute to reducing CO 2 emissions, the process itself consumes energy, and there are problems with moving the C source outside the system and storage capacity. Furthermore, when synthesizing CH 4 from CO 2 and blowing the CH 4 into the tuyere of a blast furnace, a line for blowing CH 4 into the tuyere is required.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and involves circulating the C source within the process and charging the recovered C source as agglomerated ore with carbonaceous material through the furnace mouth of a shaft furnace to produce hot metal.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing hot metal that can produce molten pig iron.
- the method for producing hot metal according to the present invention includes a first step of producing a carbonaceous agglomerate from an iron-containing raw material and a carbon-containing raw material, and an oxygen-containing gas applied to the carbonaceous agglomerate.
- a second step in which the carbon-containing gas containing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide by-produced by the reduction is brought into contact with a porous material to recover carbon. and, in the first step, the carbon recovered in the third step is used as part or all of the carbon-containing raw material.
- the method for producing hot metal according to the present invention is as follows: (a) Instead of the second step, a reduction step in which reduced iron is obtained by heating the carbonaceous-incorporated agglomerated ore to 1160 to 1450° C. to reduce and melt it, and then cooling it, and melting the reduced iron. and a melting process for producing hot metal by (b) in the third step, the carbon-containing gas further includes a gas containing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, which are by-produced in the molten iron refining process; (c) Before contacting the porous material in the third step, hydrogen is supplied to the carbon-containing gas and heated to 800 to 1200°C to convert carbon dioxide contained in the carbon-containing gas to carbon monoxide.
- the porous material is iron, and a portion of the recovered carbon is iron carbide; (g) the particle size of the carbon-containing raw material is 100 ⁇ m or less; (h) in the first step, the carbon-containing raw material further includes biomass; (i) the iron-containing raw material is iron ore, further comprising a pretreatment step of heat-treating the iron ore at 300° C. or higher and 1000° C. or lower before the first step; etc. may be a more preferable solution.
- hot metal can be produced by charging carbon-filled agglomerate using recovered carbon from the furnace mouth of a shaft furnace, so the recovered carbon can be used in the process without modifying the shaft furnace. can be circulated.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a method for producing hot metal according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a process for manufacturing a carbonaceous material-incorporated agglomerate according to the first step of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the equipment using the countercurrent reduction layer concerning the 2nd process of this invention.
- (a) is a schematic diagram showing an example of carbonization equipment according to the third step of the present invention, and (b) is an enlarged photograph of a porous material used in the carbonization equipment. It is a graph showing the influence of carbon species on the reducibility of iron ore.
- (a) is a SEM photographic image of recovered carbon used in the present invention, and (b) is an enlarged photographic image of the broken line area in (a). This is a SEM photographic image of carbon black used in a comparative example.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the method for producing hot metal according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of agglomerated ore with carbonaceous materials.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of equipment using a countercurrent reduction layer.
- the hot metal 36 is produced by reducing the iron-containing raw material 4 contained in the carbonaceous agglomerated ore 26 in a countercurrent reduction layer.
- a vertical shaft furnace for producing the hot metal 36.
- a method for producing hot metal according to the present invention will be explained using an example in which a blast furnace 32 is used as a vertical shaft furnace. Note that, up to now, there has been no vertical shaft furnace that produces hot metal without using coke.
- the iron-containing raw material 4 and the carbon-containing raw material 6 are mixed to produce a carbonaceous agglomerate 26.
- the iron-containing raw material 4 is mainly pulverized iron ore, and may also contain dust generated in a steel mill.
- the obtained carbonaceous agglomerated ore 26 is charged into a blast furnace 32, and blowing gas 34 is blown into the furnace to advance a reduction reaction to produce hot metal 36.
- the exhaust gas 38 by-produced by the reduction reaction in the second step is recovered, and the carbon monoxide contained in the exhaust gas 38 is brought into contact with a porous material to precipitate and recover solid carbon.
- the exhaust gas 38 to be treated includes exhaust gas 40 that is a by-product of the molten iron refining process.
- Part or all of the carbon-containing raw material 6 used in the first step is solid carbon recovered in the third step.
- a carbon source such as biomass
- a carbon source such as biomass may be used as the carbon-containing raw material 6.
- the particle size is 100 ⁇ m or less. If the iron-containing raw material 4 used in the first step is crushed iron ore and contains a large amount of water of crystallization, a heat treatment step of heat treatment at a temperature of 300° C. or higher and 1000° C. or lower is performed before the first step. is preferred.
- the first step is a step of mixing an iron-containing raw material and a carbon-containing raw material to produce a carbonaceous material-incorporated agglomerate ore.
- a predetermined amount of cement powder 10 is cut out from each of the storage pots 2 and 8 to a conveyor 12.
- the iron-containing raw material 4, the carbon-containing raw material 6, and the cement powder 10 are conveyed to a kneading machine 14 by a conveyor 12.
- the transported iron-containing raw material 4, carbon-containing raw material 6, and cement powder 10 are mixed together with an appropriate amount of water 16 inside a kneader 14 to form a mixed powder 20. Thereafter, the mixed powder 20 is conveyed to the granulator 24 by the conveyor 22, and is granulated inside the granulator 24 together with an appropriate amount of water 16 to become a carbonaceous material-incorporated agglomerate 26.
- the carbonaceous material-incorporated agglomerated ore 26 be formed in a cold manner.
- the cold molding method include a method in which a cement-based solidifying agent is blended and then granulated using a pelletizer or a drum mixer, or a method in which compression molding is performed using a briquette machine or the like.
- the carbon mass ratio of one particle of the carbonaceous material-incorporated agglomerate is 15% by mass or less.
- the crushing strength of the granules measured by autograph (1 mm/min) will fall below the threshold (2.5 MPa). This is not desirable because it causes
- the second step is a process of reducing and melting the iron-containing raw material 4 contained in the carbon material-incorporated agglomerate 26 produced in the first step using a countercurrent reduction layer to produce hot metal.
- the iron-containing lumpy raw material 30 containing the carbonaceous material-incorporated agglomerate 26 and other raw materials 28 produced by the above-described method for producing carbonaceous material-incorporated agglomerate ore is introduced from the furnace mouth of the blast furnace 32.
- the reducing gas is flowed upward from the bottom. By doing so, the iron-containing lumpy raw material 30 can be reduced and melted as a countercurrent moving bed to the reducing gas, and the hot metal 36 can be manufactured.
- Oxygen-containing gas is blown into the blast furnace 32 as the blowing gas 34, and indirect reduction is performed using carbon monoxide gas generated by the reaction between the carbon source in the furnace and oxygen, and a solid carbon source placed close to the iron-containing raw material 4 direct reduction is progressing.
- the blast gas 34 may contain hydrogen, and when hydrogen is contained, direct reduction of the iron-containing raw material 4 by hydrogen proceeds.
- the hydrogen is preferably derived from renewable energy.
- hot metal can be produced by charging agglomerated ore embedded in carbonaceous materials from the furnace mouth of the blast furnace 32 using carbon recovered from the exhaust gas 38, it is possible to produce hot metal using the carbon recovered from the exhaust gas 38.
- the conventional blast furnace 32 can be used as is without performing the above steps.
- the third step is a step in which solid carbon is precipitated and recovered from exhaust gas etc. produced as a by-product by the reduction reaction in the second step.
- the exhaust gas 38 produced by the reduction reaction and the exhaust gas 40 produced by the molten iron refining process contain carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and water, but in the method for producing hot metal according to the present embodiment, The exhaust gases 38 and 40 only need to contain at least carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
- the exhaust gases 38 and 40 are treated in a carbonization facility 100, a gas reforming furnace 110, and a water removal device 120.
- the exhaust gas may be exhaust gas discharged from automobiles, gas turbines, incinerators, thermal power plants, and factories.
- the volume ratio of each gas component present in the exhaust gas can be adjusted by the combustion conditions of the fuel that is the raw material of the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas is blast furnace gas
- the blast furnace gas contains 21 to 23% by volume of carbon monoxide gas, 19 to 22% by volume of carbon dioxide gas, 2 to 3% by volume of hydrogen, and 53 to 56% of nitrogen gas.
- the volume ratio is preferably % by volume.
- blast furnace gas is produced by the partial combustion of coke, heavy oil, and pulverized coal fed into the blast furnace by air, resulting in a reducing gas whose main components are carbon monoxide and nitrogen, which is produced by reducing iron ore. It is something.
- the exhaust gases 38 and 40 used in this embodiment contain carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and water.
- the exhaust gases 38 and 40 are charged into a gas reforming furnace 110.
- hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply unit is added to the gas reforming furnace 110 to form a mixed gas.
- the inside of the gas reforming furnace 110 filled with the mixed gas is heated to 800 to 1200°C.
- carbon dioxide in the mixed gas existing in the system of the gas reformer is mixed with hydrogen and water according to the following chemical reaction formula (I).
- a gas shift reaction produces carbon monoxide and water.
- the water gas shift reaction between carbon dioxide and hydrogen is a reversible reaction, and in a region where the reaction temperature exceeds 500°C, the chemical equilibrium of the water gas shift reaction is biased toward the production of carbon monoxide. Therefore, in the method for producing hot metal of the present embodiment, by setting the temperature within the system of the gas reforming furnace 110 to 800 to 1200°C, carbon dioxide is efficiently converted to carbon monoxide, and solid carbon is efficiently converted. Carbon monoxide, which is a raw material, can be produced. That is, in the gas reforming step, by setting the temperature within the system of the gas reforming furnace 110 to 800 to 1200° C., the mixed gas can be efficiently reformed.
- the water gas shift reaction that progresses within the system of the gas reformer 110 is a reaction between carbon dioxide contained in the mixed gas, hydrogen contained in the mixed gas, and hydrogen in the hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply section.
- the fact that the hydrogen concentration contained in the mixed gas is 58% by volume or more is determined by taking into consideration the condition that carbon monoxide gas increases in the water gas shift reaction in the temperature range of 800 to 1200°C.
- the conditions under which carbon monoxide gas increases can be determined from the relationship between the temperature of the water gas shift reaction and the equilibrium constant.
- the upper limit of the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas may be less than 100% by volume, and the upper limit of the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas may be determined according to the carbon dioxide concentration.
- the hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply unit installed outside the gas reforming furnace 110 is hydrogen gas derived from renewable energy. This is preferable because the amount of carbon dioxide emissions can be further suppressed. Note that the amount of hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen supply section can be set in consideration of the amount of hydrogen contained in the exhaust gases 38 and 40.
- the reformed gas after the water gas shift reaction of the mixed gas is supplied to the water removal device 120.
- the reformed gas contains moisture (water vapor) generated by the water gas shift reaction.
- the moisture contained in this reformed gas is removed by passing through the moisture removal device 120.
- Moisture can be removed by a method such as passing a reformed gas containing moisture through an adsorbent packed bed included in the water removal device 120, or passing a reformed gas through a separation membrane. It is preferable that moisture contained in the reformed gas is removed so that the relationship of formula (1) below is satisfied.
- the carbon recovery efficiency in the carbon recovery process is increased.
- [H 2 O] represents the water concentration (volume %) in the reformed gas
- [H 2 ] represents the hydrogen concentration (volume %) in the reformed gas.
- an adsorbent or a separation membrane can be used to remove moisture from the reformed gas.
- oxides such as silica, zeolite, alumina, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, etc. can be used.
- membranes for separating moisture in gas include carbon membranes, resin membranes, and inorganic membranes. These membranes have pores of subnanometer diameter. The moisture in the gas is recovered by the moisture removal device 120 as liquid water at room temperature.
- the dehumidified gas from which moisture has been removed becomes a raw material for solid carbon.
- solid carbon is separated from carbon monoxide in the carbonization equipment 100.
- CO/(CO+CO 2 ) of carbon monoxide contained in the dehumidified gas is 0.5 or more, and more preferably 0.7 or more. Thereby, solid carbon can be efficiently recovered from carbon monoxide.
- the dehumidified gas is supplied to the carbon separation section of the carbonization equipment 100 equipped with a porous material at a predetermined supply rate.
- the method for recovering carbon from dehumidified gas includes contacting the dehumidified gas with a porous material and separating solid carbon. Contact of the dehumidified gas with the porous material and separation of carbon from the dehumidified gas are performed within the system of the carbon separation section of the carbonization equipment 100. In the system of the carbon separation section of the carbonization equipment 100, a packed bed filled with a porous material 102 is provided as illustrated in FIG.
- carbon constituting carbon monoxide contained in the dehumidified gas is separated from the carbon monoxide gas within the system of carbonization equipment 100.
- Carbon monoxide contained in the dehumidified gas is produced by the two-molecule decomposition reaction (II) of carbon monoxide or the one-molecule decomposition reaction (III) of carbon monoxide shown by the above chemical reaction formulas (II) to (III). , separated from carbon monoxide as solid carbon. Solid carbon separated from carbon monoxide is adsorbed onto the surface of the porous material 102 and precipitated.
- the dehumidified gas and the porous material 102 come into contact, and the off-gas from which carbon has been separated is discharged from the carbonization equipment 100. Since the off-gas contains carbon dioxide, it is preferable that some or all of the off-gas be mixed into the mixed gas.
- the contact between the dehumidifying gas and the porous material 102 is preferably carried out in an atmosphere of 500 to 800° C. or lower. If the temperature at which the reformed gas and porous material 102 are brought into contact is 500°C or higher, the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide is promoted, so it is preferable, and if it is 800°C or lower, carbon monoxide is generated due to the decomposition reaction. This is preferable because thermal energy can be used effectively.
- the temperature at which the reformed gas and the porous material 102 are brought into contact includes 500 to 800° C., which is the temperature condition employed in the direct reduction ironmaking reaction.
- the dehumidifying gas may be brought into contact with the porous material by passing the dehumidifying gas through a packed bed of the porous material 102 provided within the system of the carbon separation section.
- the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide shown by the above chemical reaction formula proceeds.
- solid carbon constituting carbon monoxide is deposited on the surface of the porous material 102.
- part or all of the solid carbon deposited on the surface is carburized to produce iron carbide.
- the contact between the dehumidifying gas and the porous material 102 is preferably performed in an atmosphere where the pressure of the dehumidifying gas is 1.0 to 10 atm. If the pressure at which the dehumidified gas and the porous material 102 are brought into contact is 1.0 atm or higher, the pressure is increased, and the equilibrium of the carbon monoxide decomposition reaction shifts to the right, promoting the carbon monoxide decomposition reaction. 10 atm or less is preferable because the safety of the carbon separation section of the carbonization equipment 100 can be ensured from the viewpoint of laws and regulations.
- the porous material 102 with which the dehumidifying gas is brought into contact preferably has an open porosity of 50 to 99%, more preferably 80 to 95%, as measured by the Archimedes method. If the open porosity of the porous material is 50% or more, the dehumidifying gas passes through the pores of the porous material, promoting the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide and adsorbing the decomposed carbon. This is preferable because it allows for On the other hand, it is preferable for the open porosity of the porous material 102 to be 99% or less, since the thermal shock resistance caused by the dehumidifying gas supplied to the porous material 102 can be maintained.
- the diameter of the pores of the porous material 102 is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the open porosity of the porous material 102 is measured by the Archimedes method, and specifically, the open porosity of the porous material is measured using the measurement method specified in the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS R2205; 1992). It can be used as porosity.
- the porous material 102 with which the dehumidifying gas is brought into contact preferably contains at least one selected from iron, platinum, nickel, cobalt, rhodium, and palladium. That is, the porous material may be composed of one metal element selected from iron, platinum, nickel, cobalt, rhodium, and palladium, or may be composed of a combination of two or more metal elements. . Furthermore, the porous material may be a metal compound containing one metal element selected from iron, platinum, nickel, cobalt, rhodium, and palladium as a carbide, oxide, carbonate, sulfate, or the like.
- iron, platinum, and nickel are preferable.
- platinum or nickel it is preferable because the platinum or nickel acts as a catalyst for the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide and is less likely to deteriorate as a catalyst. Further, it is preferable to use platinum or nickel as the porous material 102 because solid carbon produced by a decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide is precipitated as a single graphite.
- the porous material 102 with which the dehumidifying gas is brought into contact is iron.
- iron By using iron as the porous material 102, carbon generated by the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide carburizes the porous material 102, and austenite ( ⁇ iron) in which the carbon is dissolved can be obtained, which is preferable.
- iron By using iron as the porous material 102, carbon generated by the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide carburizes the porous material 102, and the carbon and iron react to form cementite (iron carbide (Fe 3 C). )) is preferable.
- Austenite and cementite which are produced by carburizing the porous material 102 with carbon produced by the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide, have a hardness comparable to that of hardened steel, and can be used as raw materials for steelmaking as they are. Further, the porous material 102 with which the dehumidifying gas is brought into contact is preferably made of one or two types of iron selected from iron oxide and reduced iron.
- the porous material 102 with which the dehumidifying gas is brought into contact is particularly preferably an iron whisker.
- Iron whiskers are crystals that grow outward from the crystal surface in the form of whiskers. Iron whiskers are formed when compressive stress occurs near the surface of the crystal, and new crystals grow outward from the original crystal in an attempt to relieve the stress. Iron whiskers have a small starting point for crystal growth and tend to continue to grow continuously. For this reason, iron whiskers are formed as very elongated whisker-like single crystals, and have a diameter of about 1 ⁇ m and a length of 1 mm or more.
- the carbon produced by the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide carburizes the iron whiskers, creating whiskers made of austenite or cementite. Obtainable.
- the iron whisker which is the porous material 102 that is brought into contact with the dehumidifying gas, can be manufactured by, for example, the iron whisker manufacturing method described in Non-Patent Document 2. According to this method for producing iron whiskers, it is possible to obtain iron whiskers in which the open porosity of the porous material is 90% or more and the pore diameter is 10 ⁇ m or more. Since the iron whiskers obtained by this iron whisker manufacturing method also have a high open porosity, they can be suitably used as the porous material 102 used in the carbon recovery method. Note that even if a metal other than iron is used as the metal constituting the porous material 102 with which the dehumidifying gas is brought into contact, the porous material 102 can be manufactured in the same manner.
- Recovery of carbon adsorbed on the porous material 102 is performed within the system of the carbon recovery unit 130.
- recovering the carbon adsorbed on the porous material means recovering solid carbon precipitated on the surface of the porous material 102, or recovering carbon that has been carburized inside the porous material. This includes recovery as a solid solution with metal elements contained in the material or as a metal carbide compound.
- Carbon decomposed by the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide contained in the dehumidified gas is deposited on the surface of the porous material 102. Further, carbon decomposed by the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide contained in the dehumidified gas carburizes inside the porous material 102 and reacts with the metal elements constituting the porous material, thereby forming a carbon solid solution or a metal carbide compound. form. Furthermore, carbon decomposed by the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide contained in the dehumidified gas is deposited on the surface of the carbon solid solution or metal carbide compound.
- the carbon precipitated on the surface of the porous material 102 can be recovered by separating the particles of the porous material 102 containing carbon using a sieve or the like. Furthermore, after carburizing the inside of the porous material 102, the carbon that has become a carbon solid solution or a metal carbide compound by reacting with a metal element constituting the porous material can be recovered by removing the carbon solid solution or metal carbide compound itself. This can be done by collecting it as is. In addition, when using the recovered carbon as a raw material for iron manufacturing, by using iron as the porous material 102, the recovered carbon can be used as a raw material for iron manufacturing all at once without having to separate the recovered carbon from the porous material 102. More preferred.
- carbon monoxide contained in the dehumidified gas is brought into contact with the porous material 102 to promote the decomposition reaction of carbon monoxide, separate the solid carbon, and Carbon can be recovered as solid carbon, or as a carbon solid solution or carbon metal compound containing the carbon.
- hot metal can be produced using carbonaceous agglomerate containing recovered carbon as a raw material, so the recovered carbon can be circulated within the process, thereby reducing CO2 emissions outside the system. realizable.
- the exhaust gases 38, 40, mixed gas, and dehumidified gas in this embodiment are examples of carbon-containing gases containing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
- a reduction step in which a rotary hearth furnace is used in place of the blast furnace 32 to heat the coal-filled agglomerate to 1160 to 1450°C to reduce and melt it, and then cool it to obtain reduced iron;
- hot metal may be manufactured by performing a melting process of manufacturing hot metal by melting it in an electric furnace or the like. Even when a rotary hearth furnace is used, an existing rotary hearth furnace can be used as is if the agglomerated ore with carbonaceous material is produced using recovered carbon.
- the carbonization equipment 100 includes a tubular reaction tower 101 in which carbon separation reaction from carbon monoxide contained in the carbon-containing gas occurs, and a carbon-containing gas supplied from the lower part of the reaction tower 101.
- a supply pipe 104 for discharging the carbon separation reaction, a layer of porous material 102 provided inside the reaction tower, and an exhaust gas pipe 105 for discharging the off-gas generated after the carbon separation reaction are provided.
- the inside of the reaction column 101 is equipped with a quartz tube 101a and a sample holder 101b.
- porous material 102 included in the carbonization equipment 100 it is preferable to use a plurality of tablet-shaped iron whiskers having an open porosity of 97.7%, as shown in FIG. 4(b). Porous material 102 is placed on a layer of granular alumina balls 103 (particle size 10 mm). Note that the porous material 102 is manufactured according to the iron whisker manufacturing method described in Non-Patent Document 2.
- Table 1 shows the composition of the iron ore used. T. in Table 1.
- Fe represents the total amount of iron.
- LOI is the loss on ignition when heated at 1000° C. for 60 minutes, and in the case of iron ore, most of it is crystal water.
- the recovered carbon contained 38.35% by mass of C and the balance was Fe as cementite and solid carbon.
- 18.7 mol% of C existed as cementite and 81.3 mol% of C existed as solid carbon.
- the particle sizes of iron ore A and recovered carbon were adjusted to -105 ⁇ m.
- -105 ⁇ m represents the bottom of a sieve with a mesh size of 105 ⁇ m.
- the sample was prepared by mixing weighed powders of iron ore A and recovered carbon in a mortar by stirring for 3 minutes without pressing with a pestle. A uniform mixed powder could be obtained without changing the powder particle size during mixing.
- the sample was mixed by adding carbon in an amount 0.8 times the molar amount of oxygen in iron oxide, and further adding carbon in an amount 0.2 times the molar amount of iron in iron oxide or iron carbide.
- the uniformly mixed sample was press-molded for 30 seconds under a pressure of 98 MPa to form a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 10 mm.
- the molded sample was heated to 1300° C. at a heating rate of 10° C./min in an atmosphere in which a 5% by volume N 2 -Ar mixed gas was supplied at a flow rate of 0.5 NL/min.
- the generated gas was analyzed using an infrared spectrophotometer, and the reduction rate of iron ore was calculated.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- a similar test was conducted using carbon black instead of the recovered carbon, and the results are also shown in FIG.
- the recovered carbon solid line
- the recovered carbon was in the form of fibers of several nanometers as shown in Figures 6(a) and (b), whereas the carbon black was particles with a particle size of several tens of micrometers as shown in Figure 7. .
- the solid carbon recovered from carbon monoxide becomes very small, so by using the carbon in the carbon-filled agglomerate ore, the contact area with the iron-containing raw material and gas becomes larger, and as a result, It is thought that agglomerated ore containing carbonaceous material with high reducibility was obtained.
- the method for producing hot metal according to the present invention recovers CO 2 in the exhaust gas as solid carbon and combines it with iron-containing raw materials to produce carbonaceous agglomerates. By doing so, it is possible to improve the reducibility of the agglomerate ore, and it becomes possible to reduce the carbon consumption required for reduction, which contributes to reducing the environmental load in the steel industry and is extremely useful industrially.
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Abstract
Description
非特許文献1には、鉄鋼における二酸化炭素削減の長期目標達成に向けた技術展望がレビューされている。例えば、還元反応で生じた排ガス中のCO2を分離し、隔離貯蔵し、外部へのCO2の排出量を削減する方法(CCS:Caron dioxide Capture and Storage)が紹介されている。また、別の方法では排ガス中のCO2を分離し、再利用する(CCU:Carbon dioxide Capture and Utilization)技術が知られており、この技術では、排ガス中のCO2を用いてCH4を合成し、合成したCH4を高炉の羽口から吹込み再度還元反応に使用している。
(a)前記第2工程に代えて、前記炭材内装塊成鉱に1160~1450℃に加熱して還元および溶融させた後に冷却することで還元鉄を得る還元工程と、前記還元鉄を溶融することで溶銑を製造する溶融工程とを有すること、
(b)前記第3工程において、前記炭素含有ガスは、溶鉄の精錬工程で副生される一酸化炭素および二酸化炭素を含むガスをさらに含むこと、
(c)前記第3工程における前記多孔質材料に接触させる前に、前記炭素含有ガスに水素を供給し、800~1200℃に加熱して前記炭素含有ガスに含まれる二酸化炭素を一酸化炭素にすること、
(d)前記第3工程における前記加熱後であって前記多孔質材料に接触させる前に、前記炭素含有ガスに含まれる水を除去すること、
(e)下記式(1)(式中で、[H2O]は、改質後の混合ガスに含まれる水分濃度(体積%)を表し、[H2]は、改質後の混合ガスに含まれる水素濃度(体積%)を表す。)を満たすように前記炭素含有ガスに含まれる水分と前記炭素含有ガスの改質反応により発生する水分とが除去されること
(f)前記第3工程において、前記多孔質材料は鉄であり、回収される炭素の一部は炭化鉄であること、
(g)前記カーボン含有原料の粒径は100μm以下であること、
(h)前記第1工程において、前記カーボン含有原料はさらにバイオマスを含むこと、
(i)前記鉄含有原料が鉄鉱石であって、前記第1工程の前に該鉄鉱石を、300℃以上1000℃以下で熱処理する前処理工程をさらに有すること、
等がより好ましい解決手段になり得る。
[第1工程]
第1工程は、鉄含有原料とカーボン含有原料とを混合し、炭材内装塊成鉱を製造する工程である。図2に示す例において、まず、貯蔵糟2に貯蔵された鉄含有原料4および排ガス38に含まれる一酸化炭素から回収された固体炭素を含むカーボン含有原料6と、貯蔵糟8に貯蔵されたセメント粉10とが、それぞれの貯蔵糟2、8から搬送機12に所定量切り出される。鉄含有原料4、カーボン含有原料6およびセメント粉10は、搬送機12によって混錬機14に搬送される。搬送された鉄含有原料4、カーボン含有原料6およびセメント粉10は、適量の水16と共に、混錬機14の内部で混合されて混合粉20となる。その後、混合粉20は搬送機22によって造粒機24に搬送され、適量の水16と共に、造粒機24の内部で造粒され、炭材内装塊成鉱26となる。
第2工程は、向流還元層を用いて、第1工程で製造された炭材内装塊成鉱26に含まれる鉄含有原料4を還元および溶融して溶銑を製造するプロセスである。図3に示す例において、上述した炭材内装塊成鉱の製造方法で製造された炭材内装塊成鉱26と他の原料28とを含む鉄含有塊状原料30を、高炉32の炉口から装入し、下方から還元ガスを上方に向けて流す。そうすることで、還元ガスに対して鉄含有塊状原料30を向流移動層として還元および溶融させて溶銑36を製造することができる。高炉32内に送風ガス34として酸素含有ガスを吹き入れ、炉内の炭素源と酸素との反応によって生成した一酸化炭素ガスによる間接還元、および、鉄含有原料4に近接配置された固体炭素源による直接還元が進行する。なお、送風ガス34には水素が含まれていてもよく、水素が含まれている場合には水素による鉄含有原料4の直接還元が進行する。水素を吹き込む場合、水素は再生可能エネルギー由来であることが好ましい。このように本実施形態にかかる溶銑の製造方法では、排ガス38から回収した炭素を用いた炭材内装塊成鉱を高炉32の炉口から装入して溶銑を製造できるので、高炉32の改造を行うことなく、従来の高炉32をそのまま用いることができる。
第3工程は、第2工程の還元反応によって副生される排ガス等から固体炭素を析出させて回収する工程である。還元反応によって副生される排ガス38や、溶鉄の精錬処理によって副生される排ガス40には一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、水素、水が含まれるが、本実施形態にかかる溶銑の製造方法において、排ガス38、40は少なくとも一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素を含んでいればよい。本実施形態の第3工程では、図1に示すように、この排ガス38、40を炭化設備100、ガス改質炉110および水分除去装置120で処理する。排ガスとして、上記以外に、自動車、ガスタービン、焼却炉、火力発電所、工場から排出される排ガスを用いてもよい。また、排ガス中に存在する各ガス成分の体積割合は、排ガスの原料である燃料の燃焼条件によって調整することができる。例えば、排ガスが高炉ガスである場合には、高炉ガスは、一酸化炭素ガスを21~23体積%、二酸化炭素ガスを19~22体積%、水素を2~3体積%、窒素ガス53~56体積%の体積割合となっているため好ましい。なお、かかる高炉ガスは、高炉に投入されたコークスおよび重油、微粉炭が空気によって部分燃焼し、一酸化炭素と窒素を主成分とする還元性のガスとなり、これが鉄鉱石を還元して生じたものである。
本実施形態で用いる排ガス38、40は、一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、水素、水を含む。排ガス38、40はガス改質炉110に充填される。次に、ガス改質炉110に水素供給部から供給される水素ガスを加え、混合ガスとする。その後、混合ガスが充填されたガス改質炉110の系内を800~1200℃に加熱する。上記温度範囲内において、ガス改質炉の系内を加熱すると、ガス改質炉の系内に存在している混合ガス中の二酸化炭素は、以下の化学反応式(I)に従って、水素と水性ガスシフト反応をして、一酸化炭素と水を生成する。
混合ガスの水性ガスシフト反応後における改質ガスは、水分除去装置120に供給される。改質ガスには、水性ガスシフト反応により発生する水分(水蒸気)が含まれる。この改質ガスに含まれる水分は、水分除去装置120を通過することにより、除去される。水分の除去は、水分除去装置120が備えている吸着剤充填層に水分を含んだ改質ガスを通気させる方法、改質ガスを分離膜に通気させる方法等により行うことができる。改質ガスは、下記式(1)の関係を満たすように改質ガスに含まれる水分が除去されていることが好ましい。改質ガスから式(1)の関係を満たすように水分を除去することで、炭素回収工程における炭素回収効率が高くなる。下記式(1)において、[H2O]は、改質ガス中の水分濃度(体積%)を表し、[H2]は、改質ガス中の水素濃度(体積%)を表す。
除湿ガスからの炭素回収方法は、除湿ガスを多孔質材料に接触させ、固体炭素を分離する工程を含む。除湿ガスの多孔質材料への接触と、除湿ガスからの炭素の分離は、炭化設備100の炭素分離部の系内において行われる。炭化設備100の炭素分離部の系内には、図4に例示するように多孔質材料102が充填された充填層が設けられている。
多孔質材料102に吸着している炭素の回収は、炭素回収部130の系内において行われる。ここで、多孔質材料に吸着している炭素を回収するとは、多孔質材料102の表面に析出している固体炭素を回収すること、又は多孔質材料の内部に浸炭している炭素を多孔質材料に含まれる金属元素との固溶体若しくは炭化金属化合物として回収することを含む。
4 鉄含有原料
6 カーボン含有原料(固体炭素および/または炭化鉄)
10 セメント粉
12、22 搬送機
14 混錬機
16 水
20 混合粉
24 造粒機
26 炭材内装塊成鉱
28 他の原料
30 鉄含有塊状原料
32 高炉
34 送風ガス
36 溶銑
38 高炉排ガス
40 精錬処理の排ガス
100 炭化設備(炭素分離部)
101 反応塔
101a 石英管
101b サンプルホルダー
102 多孔質材料(鉄ウィスカー)
103 アルミナボール
104 供給管(炭素含有ガス用)
105 排出ガス管
110 ガス改質炉(ガス改質部)
120 水分除去装置(水分除去部)
130 炭素回収部
140 炭材内装塊成鉱製造設備
Claims (10)
- 鉄含有原料とカーボン含有原料から炭材内装塊成鉱を製造する第1工程と、
前記炭材内装塊成鉱に酸素含有ガスを吹き込んで還元および溶融し、溶銑を製造する第2工程と、
前記還元によって副生される一酸化炭素および二酸化炭素を含む炭素含有ガスを多孔質材料に接触させて炭素を回収する第3工程と、を有し、
前記第1工程では前記第3工程で回収した炭素を前記カーボン含有原料の一部または全部に用いる、溶銑の製造方法。 - 前記第2工程に代えて、
前記炭材内装塊成鉱を1160~1450℃に加熱して還元および溶融させた後に冷却することで還元鉄を得る還元工程と、
前記還元鉄を溶融することで溶銑を製造する溶融工程と、を有する、請求項1に記載の溶銑の製造方法。 - 前記第3工程において、前記炭素含有ガスは、溶鉄の精錬工程で副生される一酸化炭素および二酸化炭素を含むガスをさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の溶銑の製造方法。
- 前記第3工程における前記多孔質材料に接触させる前に、前記炭素含有ガスに水素を供給し、800~1200℃に加熱して前記炭素含有ガスに含まれる二酸化炭素を一酸化炭素にする、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の溶銑の製造方法。
- 前記第3工程における前記加熱後であって前記多孔質材料に接触させる前に、前記炭素含有ガスに含まれる水を除去する、請求項4に記載の溶銑の製造方法。
- 前記第3工程において、前記多孔質材料は鉄であり、回収される炭素の一部は炭化鉄である、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の溶銑の製造方法。
- 前記カーボン含有原料の粒径は100μm以下である、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の溶銑の製造方法。
- 前記第1工程において、前記カーボン含有原料はさらにバイオマスを含む、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の溶銑の製造方法。
- 前記鉄含有原料が鉄鉱石であって、前記第1工程の前に該鉄鉱石を、300℃以上1000℃以下で熱処理する前処理工程をさらに有する、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の溶銑の製造方法。
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JP2023533975A JP7416340B1 (ja) | 2022-03-07 | 2023-02-28 | 溶銑の製造方法 |
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JP2007211296A (ja) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 竪型炉用炭材内装塊成鉱およびその製造方法 |
JP2012036029A (ja) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-23 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | 製鉄所における二酸化炭素からの一酸化炭素への変換システム |
JP2012067332A (ja) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-04-05 | Jfe Steel Corp | 製鉄用非焼成炭材内装塊成鉱 |
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JP2007211296A (ja) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 竪型炉用炭材内装塊成鉱およびその製造方法 |
JP2012036029A (ja) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-23 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | 製鉄所における二酸化炭素からの一酸化炭素への変換システム |
JP2012067332A (ja) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-04-05 | Jfe Steel Corp | 製鉄用非焼成炭材内装塊成鉱 |
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