WO2023165090A1 - 餐厨垃圾消化装置 - Google Patents

餐厨垃圾消化装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023165090A1
WO2023165090A1 PCT/CN2022/111309 CN2022111309W WO2023165090A1 WO 2023165090 A1 WO2023165090 A1 WO 2023165090A1 CN 2022111309 W CN2022111309 W CN 2022111309W WO 2023165090 A1 WO2023165090 A1 WO 2023165090A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole plate
packing
digestion device
food waste
waste digestion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/111309
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭明国
马建锋
屈阳
毛林强
杜尔登
朱方
朱卫兵
史东晓
张秋亚
张艳秋
郑璐
Original Assignee
常州大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 常州大学 filed Critical 常州大学
Priority to US18/455,598 priority Critical patent/US11912598B2/en
Publication of WO2023165090A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023165090A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • C02F1/4674—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/006—Electrochemical treatment, e.g. electro-oxidation or electro-osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2806—Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M35/00—Means for application of stress for stimulating the growth of microorganisms or the generation of fermentation or metabolic products; Means for electroporation or cell fusion
    • C12M35/02—Electrical or electromagnetic means, e.g. for electroporation or for cell fusion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
    • C02F2001/46157—Perforated or foraminous electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/02—Temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/22—O2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/29—Chlorine compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C02F3/341—Consortia of bacteria
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a kitchen waste digestion device.
  • Kitchen waste commonly known as swill, is domestic waste formed during the consumption process of residents. It is easy to rot and deteriorate, emits foul smell, and spreads bacteria and viruses. Sorting and magnetic separation, sifting out inorganic substances such as chopsticks, plastic bags and metals, and the remaining kitchen waste, after crushing, oil-water separation and dehydration, the solids are sent to the aerobic fermentation equipment; the liquids enter the anaerobic treatment part, The salt in the food waste goes completely into the liquid part. Since excessive salt content is not conducive to biological fermentation, the salt content must be reduced first before the food waste is digested.
  • fermentative bacteria convert the organic matter in the substrate into methane and carbon dioxide through the processes of hydrolysis, acidification, hydrogen-producing acetic acidification and methanation.
  • the conversion efficiency of organic matter to methane lower.
  • the conversion efficiency of organic matter to methane depends on the balance between fermentation and methanogenesis, as well as the interaction between microorganisms. How to control the balance between fermentation and methanation is the key to improving methane production efficiency.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a kitchen waste digestion device, which can not only remove chloride ions, but also promote methane generation.
  • a food waste digestion device comprising:
  • the first processing container is provided with a feeding pipe and an exhaust pipe on the top, and a plurality of pole plate pairs arranged at intervals from top to bottom are arranged inside, and the pole plate pairs include two pole plates arranged at intervals from top to bottom.
  • One of the two plates in the plate pair is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the other is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and each plate is provided with a plurality of screen holes;
  • the second processing container the top of which communicates with the bottom of the first processing container, the middle part is equipped with several packing layers arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the bottom is provided with iron-carbon packing, and the packing in the packing layer includes peroxide Calcium and magnetite particles.
  • the mesh of the upper pole plate is larger than the mesh of the bottom pole plate.
  • each pair of plates is equipped with a downcomer, the upper end of the downcomer faces upward beyond the upper plate of the corresponding pair of plates, and the lower end of the downcomer faces down beyond the corresponding pair of plates Bottom plate.
  • the downcomers of adjacent pole plate pairs are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the packing layer includes a mesh cover and fillers filled in the mesh cover.
  • the packing layer is a packing drawer, and the packing drawer is inserted into the second processing container.
  • the packing layer is arranged obliquely, and the inclination directions of adjacent packing layers are opposite.
  • the lower end of the packing layer is provided with material holes penetrating up and down.
  • the iron-carbon filler includes a flat layer and several packing columns protruding upward from the flat layer, and the outer surface of the filler columns is wrapped with a metal mesh.
  • a cleaning window is provided at the upper end of the second processing container.
  • the lower end of the second processing container is provided with a discharge port.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the device adopted in the present invention can both remove chloride ions and promote methane generation
  • Calcium peroxide and magnetite improved the performance of anaerobic digestion by improving the metabolic balance between fermentative bacteria and methanogenic archaea;
  • the methane generated in the second processing container can be used for blowing off chlorine gas to reduce the dissolved amount of chlorine gas. Since the chloride ions are removed, microorganisms can grow better in the second processing container.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the food waste digestion device of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic structural view of the polar plate of the food waste digestion device of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the packing layer of the food waste digestion device of the present invention.
  • a food waste digestion device includes:
  • the first processing container 1 is provided with a feeding pipe 11 and an exhaust pipe 12 on the top, and is equipped with several pole plate pairs arranged at intervals from top to bottom.
  • Plate 2 one of the two pole plates 2 in the pole plate pair is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the other is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and each pole plate 2 is provided with a plurality of mesh holes 21;
  • the second processing container 3 the top is connected to the bottom of the first processing container 1, the middle part is equipped with several packing layers 4 arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the bottom is provided with iron-carbon packing 5, in the packing layer 4
  • the fillers include calcium peroxide and magnetite particles.
  • the voltage connected to the pole plate pair is 20-35V.
  • the amount of calcium peroxide and magnetite particles in the filler of the filler layer 4 is (3-4):1, and the diameter of the calcium peroxide and magnetite particles is 1-3 cm.
  • the mesh holes 21 of the upper pole plate 2 are larger than the mesh holes 21 of the bottom pole plate 2 .
  • Such arrangement can increase the time for the liquid waste to stay on the pole plate 2 below. The liquid garbage will stay on the lower pole plate 2, and will be electrolyzed during the stay.
  • the diameter of the mesh hole of the upper electrode plate 2 is 1-2 cm, and the diameter of the mesh hole of the lower electrode plate 2 is 0.3-0.5 cm.
  • the precipitated solids are removed from the pulverized food waste to obtain liquid waste; the liquid waste is added to the first processing container 1 from the feeding pipe 11, and is placed between the two plates 2 of the plate pair during the falling process.
  • the chlorine ions in the liquid garbage are converted into chlorine gas and drawn out upward during the electrolysis process, and the liquid garbage flows into the second treatment container 3 after multi-layer electrolysis; the liquid garbage gradually penetrates into the packing layer 4, and the Calcium peroxide is in contact with magnetite, calcium peroxide creates a micro-oxygen environment for liquid waste, and stimulates the growth of facultative bacteria in liquid waste.
  • the feeding process is paused for a while, and the liquid garbage in the second processing container 2 is fermented for 2 to 3 days, and the feeding is continued after methane is generated.
  • the escaping of the methane has a stripping effect on the chlorine gas produced during the electrolysis process on the surface of the pole plate 2, reducing the dissolved amount of chlorine gas. Since the chloride ions are removed, the microorganisms can grow better in the second treatment container 3 , combined with the effects of calcium peroxide and magnetite, the amount of methane produced can also be greatly increased.
  • the iron-carbon filler at the bottom of the second treatment container 3 can electrolytically decompose the precipitated coarse particles, convert macromolecules into small molecules, and reduce the amount of coarse particles.
  • the iron-carbon filler 5 includes a flat layer 51 and several packing columns 52 protruding upward from the flat layer 51 , and the outer surface of the filler columns 52 is wrapped with metal mesh.
  • the iron-carbon filler 5 is arranged in this way, which can increase the surface area of the iron-carbon filler 5 participating in electrolysis, so that the iron-carbon filler 5 can fully contact with the kitchen waste, so as to improve the efficiency of electrolytic decomposition.
  • each pair of pole plates is equipped with a downcomer 6, the upper end of the downcomer 6 faces upward beyond the upper pole plate 2 of the corresponding pole plate pair, and the lower end of the downcomer 6 faces down beyond the corresponding pole plate Align the lower plate 2.
  • the upper end of the downcomer 6 is about 3-5 cm higher than the pole plate 2 above the corresponding pole plate pair, and the lower end of the downcomer 6 is about 2-3 cm away from the pole plate 2 below the corresponding pole plate pair, correspondingly
  • the downcomers 6 of adjacent layers are oppositely arranged, keeping a relatively long distance from each other.
  • the liquid waste does not flow in time in the screen hole 21 of the plate 2, and when the accumulation height exceeds the height of each layer of downcomer 6 protrusions, it can pass through the downcomer 6 directly flows into the next layer, directly carries out electrolytic treatment, and then overflows downward, and continues to digest with the help of packing layer 4.
  • the packing layer 4 includes a mesh cover and fillers filled in the mesh cover. As shown in FIG. 3 , a material hole 41 is provided on one side of the net cover.
  • the mesh cover may be in the shape of a square cake or a round cake, which is not limited here.
  • the packing layer 4 in order to facilitate updating and maintenance of the packing layer 4 , is a packing drawer, and the packing drawer is inserted into the second processing container 3 .
  • the net cover in order to facilitate the pushing and pulling of the stuffing drawer, is preferably in the shape of a square cake.
  • the packing layer 4 in order to prolong the time for liquid waste to pass through the packing layer 4, the packing layer 4 is arranged obliquely, and the inclination directions of adjacent packing layers 4 are opposite.
  • the packing layer is inclined about 5°.
  • the lower end of the packing layer 4 is provided with a feed hole 41 that penetrates up and down, and large particles in the kitchen waste can fall into the next layer through the feed hole 41, thereby avoiding large particles in the kitchen waste. Stacked in packing layer 4.
  • a cleaning window 7 is provided at the upper end of the second processing container 3 , so as to facilitate cleaning the inside of the second processing container 3 through the cleaning window 7 .
  • a discharge port 8 is provided at the lower end of the second processing container 3 , so that the material can be conveniently discharged through the discharge port 8 after digestion is completed.

Abstract

本发明涉及一种餐厨垃圾消化装置，包括第一处理容器和第二处理容器，第一处理容器顶部设有加料管和排气管，内部配置有若干个自上而下间隔设置的极板对，所述极板对包括自上而下间隔设置的两个极板，极板对中的两个极板中的一个连接电源正极，另一个连接电源负极，每个极板上设有多个筛孔；第二处理容器顶部连通所述第一处理容器的底部，中间部位配置有若干个在竖直方向上间隔设置的填料层，底部设置有铁碳填料，所述填料层中的填料包括过氧化钙和磁铁矿颗粒。本发明既能脱除氯离子，又能促进甲烷产生。

Description

餐厨垃圾消化装置 技术领域
本发明涉及餐厨垃圾处理领域，具体涉及一种餐厨垃圾消化装置。
背景技术
餐厨垃圾俗称泔脚，是居民在生活消费过程中形成的生活废物，极易腐烂变质，散发恶臭，传播细菌和病毒，目前对餐厨垃圾一般处理流程为统一回收进入处理生产线后，经过分拣和磁选，将筷子、塑料袋和金属等无机物筛出，余下的餐厨废弃物，经破碎、油水分离和脱水后，固体送入好氧发酵设备；液体则进入厌氧处理部分，餐厨垃圾中的盐分完全进入液体部分。由于过高的盐分不利于生物发酵，因此在餐厨垃圾消化之前，首先要降低盐分。
在正常的消化过程中，发酵细菌通过水解、酸化、产氢产乙酸酸化以及产甲烷化的过程，将底物中的有机物转化为甲烷和二氧化碳，目前的处理方式中，有机物向甲烷的转化效率较低。有机物向甲烷的转化效率取决于发酵和甲烷化生成之间的平衡，以及微生物之间的相互作用。如何控制发酵和甲烷化之间的平衡是提高甲烷产生效率的关键。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种餐厨垃圾消化装置，它既能脱除氯离子，又能促进甲烷产生。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种餐厨垃圾消化装置，包括：
第一处理容器，顶部设有加料管和排气管，内部配置有若干个自上而下间隔设置的极板对，所述极板对包括自上而下间隔设置的两个极板，极板对中的两个极板中的一个连接电源正极，另一个连接电源负极，每个极板上设有多个 筛孔；
第二处理容器，顶部连通所述第一处理容器的底部，中间部位配置有若干个在竖直方向上间隔设置的填料层，底部设置有铁碳填料，所述填料层中的填料包括过氧化钙和磁铁矿颗粒。
进一步，对于每个极板对中的两个极板，上方极板的筛孔大于下方极板的筛孔。
进一步为了防止极板积液过多，每个极板对均配置有降液管，所述降液管的上端朝上超出相应极板对中上方的极板，下端朝下超出相应极板对中下方的极板。
进一步，相邻极板对的降液管对向设置。
进一步，所述填料层包括网罩及填充在所述网罩内的填料。
进一步为了方便更新及维护填料层，所述填料层为填料抽屉，所述填料抽屉插装在所述第二处理容器内。
进一步为了延长液体垃圾经过填料层的时间，所述填料层倾斜设置，相邻填料层的倾斜方向相反。
进一步为了防止餐厨垃圾中的大颗粒在填料层上堆积，所述填料层的下端部设有上下贯穿的料孔。
进一步，所述铁碳填料包括平铺层及若干根朝上凸出于所述平铺层的填料柱，所述填料柱的外表面裹有金属网。
进一步为了方便清理第二处理容器内部，所述第二处理容器的上端部设有清理窗。
进一步为了方便出料，所述第二处理容器的下端部设有出料口。
采用上述技术方案后，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明采用的装置既可以脱除氯离子又能促进甲烷产生；
2、过氧化钙和磁铁矿通过改善发酵细菌和产甲烷古菌之间的代谢平衡实现了厌氧消化效能的提升；
3、第二处理容器中产生的甲烷可以用于氯气的吹脱，减小氯气的溶解量。由于氯离子被清除，使得微生物能更好地在第二处理容器内生长。
附图说明
图1为本发明的餐厨垃圾消化装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的餐厨垃圾消化装置的极板的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的餐厨垃圾消化装置的填料层的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚地理解，下面根据具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
如图1、2、3所示，一种餐厨垃圾消化装置，包括：
第一处理容器1，顶部设有加料管11和排气管12，内部配置有若干个自上而下间隔设置的极板对，所述极板对包括自上而下间隔设置的两个极板2，极板对中的两个极板2中的一个连接电源正极，另一个连接电源负极，每个极板2上设有多个筛孔21；
第二处理容器3，顶部连通所述第一处理容器1的底部，中间部位配置有若干个在竖直方向上间隔设置的填料层4，底部设置有铁碳填料5，所述填料层4中的填料包括过氧化钙和磁铁矿颗粒。
在本实施例中，极板对所接电压为20～35V。
在本实施例中，填料层4的填料中，过氧化钙和磁铁矿颗粒的用量为(3～4)：1，过氧化钙和磁铁矿颗粒的直径为1～3cm。
在本实施例中，对于每个极板对中的两个极板2，上方极板2的筛孔21大于下方极板2的筛孔21。如此设置，可以增加液体垃圾在下方的极板2上停留的时间。液体垃圾在下方极板2上会停留，在停留过程中受电解作用。一般情况下，每个极板对中，上方的极板2筛孔直径为1～2cm，下方的极板2筛孔直径为0.3～0.5cm。
操作时，经过粉碎的餐厨垃圾去除掉沉淀的固体，得到液体垃圾；液体垃圾从加料管11加入到第一处理容器1，在下落的过程中在极板对的两个极板2之间受到电解作用，电解过程中液体垃圾中的氯离子被转化为氯气向上被抽出，液体垃圾经多层电解后流入第二处理容器3；液体垃圾逐步渗透到填料层4，与填料层4内的过氧化钙和磁铁矿接触，过氧化钙为液体垃圾创造微氧环境，刺激液体垃圾中的兼性细菌的生长，这些细菌主要参与糖酵解、氨基酸代谢、三羧酸循环、脂肪酸代谢、丙酮酸代谢等途径。从而提升了底物的水解和酸化效率，释放更多的小分子中间体为液体垃圾中的产甲烷古菌利用，磁铁矿的参与使得产甲烷古菌减少了与发酵细菌电子传递的能量消耗，确保了其具备更高的能量代谢水平，过氧化钙和磁铁矿通过改善发酵细菌和产甲烷古菌之间的代谢平衡实现了厌氧消化效能的提升，从而加速了有机物向甲烷的转化。其中，餐厨垃圾中自然携带各种细菌，如兼性细菌、产甲烷古菌等等。
在加料加到1/3第二处理容器3时，加料过程稍作停顿，待第二处理容器2内的液体垃圾发酵2～3天，有甲烷产生再继续加料，此时，随着底部产生的甲烷的逸出，对极板2表面电解过程中产生的氯气有吹脱作用，减小氯气的溶解量。由于氯离子被清除，使得微生物能更好地在第二处理容器3内生长，结合过氧化钙和磁铁矿的作用，甲烷的产生量也可大大增加。
第二处理容器3底部的铁碳填料可以对沉淀的粗颗粒进行电解分解，将大 分子转化为小分子，减小粗颗粒的量。如图1所示，所述铁碳填料5包括平铺层51及若干根朝上凸出于所述平铺层51的填料柱52，所述填料柱52的外表面裹有金属网。铁碳填料5如此设置，可以增加铁碳填料5参与电解的表面积，使铁碳填料5可以和餐厨垃圾充分接触，以提高电解分解效率。
如图1、2所示，每个极板对均配置有降液管6，所述降液管6的上端朝上超出相应极板对中上方的极板2，下端朝下超出相应极板对中下方的极板2。
在本实施例中，降液管6的上端高出相应极板对上方的极板2约3-5cm，降液管6的下端距离相应极板对下方的极板2约2-3cm，相邻层的降液管6对向设置，相互保持较远的距离。
如果处理的液体垃圾的量较大，导致加料比较快，液体垃圾在极板2的筛孔21流动不及时、且堆积高度超过每层降液管6凸起的高度时，可以通过降液管6直接流入到下一层，直接进行电解处理，然后向下溢流，在填料层4帮助下继续消化。
在本实施例中，所述填料层4包括网罩及填充在所述网罩内的填料。如图3所示，所述网罩的一侧设有料孔41。所述网罩可以为方饼状，也可以为圆饼状，在此不做限制。
在本实施例中，为了方便更新及维护填料层4，所述填料层4为填料抽屉，所述填料抽屉插装在所述第二处理容器3内。在本实施例中，为了方便填料抽屉的推拉，所述网罩优选方饼状。
在本实施例中，为了延长液体垃圾经过填料层4的时间，所述填料层4倾斜设置，相邻填料层4的倾斜方向相反。所述填料层倾斜5°左右。
在本实施例中，所述填料层4的下端部设有上下贯穿的料孔41，餐厨垃圾中的大颗粒可以通过料孔41落入下一层，进而避免餐厨垃圾中的大颗粒在填料 层4堆积。
如图1所示，所述第二处理容器3的上端部设有清理窗7，进而方便通过清理窗7清理第二处理容器3的内部。
如图1所示，所述第二处理容器3的下端部设有出料口8，进而在消化完成后方便通过出料口8出料。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种餐厨垃圾消化装置，其特征在于，
    包括：
    第一处理容器(1)，顶部设有加料管(11)和排气管(12)，内部配置有若干个自上而下间隔设置的极板对，所述极板对包括自上而下间隔设置的两个极板(2)，极板对中的两个极板(2)中的一个连接电源正极，另一个连接电源负极，每个极板(2)上设有多个筛孔(21)；
    第二处理容器(3)，顶部连通所述第一处理容器(1)的底部，中间部位配置有若干个在竖直方向上间隔设置的填料层(4)，底部设置有铁碳填料(5)，所述填料层(4)中的填料包括过氧化钙和磁铁矿颗粒。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的餐厨垃圾消化装置，其特征在于，
    对于每个极板对中的两个极板(2)，上方极板(2)的筛孔(21)大于下方极板(2)的筛孔(21)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的餐厨垃圾消化装置，其特征在于，
    每个极板对均配置有降液管(6)，所述降液管(6)的上端朝上超出相应极板对中上方的极板(2)，下端朝下超出相应极板对中下方的极板(2)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的餐厨垃圾消化装置，其特征在于，
    相邻极板对的降液管(6)对向设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的餐厨垃圾消化装置，其特征在于，
    所述填料层(4)包括网罩及填充在所述网罩内的填料。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的餐厨垃圾消化装置，其特征在于，
    所述填料层(4)为填料抽屉，所述填料抽屉插装在所述第二处理容器(3)内。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的餐厨垃圾消化装置，其特征在于，
    所述填料层(4)倾斜设置，相邻填料层(4)的倾斜方向相反。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的餐厨垃圾消化装置，其特征在于，
    所述填料层(4)的下端部设有上下贯穿的料孔(41)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的餐厨垃圾消化装置，其特征在于，
    所述铁碳填料(5)包括平铺层(51)及若干根朝上凸出于所述平铺层(51)的填料柱(52)，所述填料柱(52)的外表面裹有金属网。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的餐厨垃圾消化装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二处理容器(3)的上端部设有清理窗(7)；
    和/或所述第二处理容器(3)的下端部设有出料口(8)。
PCT/CN2022/111309 2022-07-28 2022-08-10 餐厨垃圾消化装置 WO2023165090A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18/455,598 US11912598B2 (en) 2022-07-28 2023-08-24 Devices for kitchen waste digestion

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210896946.5A CN115159788B (zh) 2022-07-28 2022-07-28 餐厨垃圾消化装置
CN202210896946.5 2022-07-28

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/455,598 Continuation-In-Part US11912598B2 (en) 2022-07-28 2023-08-24 Devices for kitchen waste digestion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023165090A1 true WO2023165090A1 (zh) 2023-09-07

Family

ID=83477472

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/111309 WO2023165090A1 (zh) 2022-07-28 2022-08-10 餐厨垃圾消化装置

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US11912598B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN115159788B (zh)
WO (1) WO2023165090A1 (zh)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005205372A (ja) * 2004-01-26 2005-08-04 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 食品廃材の嫌気性消化方法
CN102674544A (zh) * 2012-05-28 2012-09-19 苏州苏水环境工程有限公司 一种顶部带滤层的处理化工废水的ubf厌氧反应器
CN103773807A (zh) * 2012-12-27 2014-05-07 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 一种利用纳米磁铁矿提高厌氧产甲烷效率的方法
CN103787468A (zh) * 2014-01-26 2014-05-14 成都玉龙化工有限公司 电解废水处理装置、pvb生产废水处理装置及工艺
CN104031949A (zh) * 2014-06-10 2014-09-10 同济大学 一种提高剩余活性污泥厌氧发酵产酸质量及乙酸比例的方法
CN111690530A (zh) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-22 北海市传创环保科技有限公司 一种餐厨垃圾的厌氧消化装置及其厌氧消化方法

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08155426A (ja) * 1994-12-02 1996-06-18 Hideo Yoshihama 生ごみ処理装置
CN105400824B (zh) * 2014-04-29 2018-10-09 江苏理工学院 餐厨垃圾的厌氧消化方法
CN106673140B (zh) * 2016-12-29 2019-08-13 湖北大学 电化学反应器及电催化去除氯离子的方法
CN107298490B (zh) * 2017-07-25 2020-07-03 武汉轻工大学 电化学反应器和电絮凝去除废水中氯离子的方法及沉淀产物和用途
CN209651976U (zh) * 2018-12-17 2019-11-19 安徽环境科技股份有限公司 一种移动式景观水体氨氮去除装置
CN110079444B (zh) * 2019-04-23 2024-01-19 青岛涌略环境科学研究院有限公司 一种新型餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵处理装置及方法
CN211914954U (zh) * 2020-03-06 2020-11-13 默克环保科技（湖南）有限公司 一种全自动餐厨垃圾生化处理设备
CN111392863A (zh) * 2020-04-01 2020-07-10 莱西市鑫喆工程技术服务中心 一种厨房垃圾和污水的深度处理方法
CN111559801B (zh) * 2020-05-06 2022-08-26 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 用于修复黑臭水体的自释氧填料及其制备方法与应用
CN111592195B (zh) * 2020-06-04 2022-02-18 宁波财经学院 一种竖直管式农村污水处理装置
CN113695356A (zh) * 2021-08-26 2021-11-26 同济大学 一种利用生物填料强化有机固废厌氧消化能力的反应器
CN113603218A (zh) * 2021-08-26 2021-11-05 同济大学 一种用于强化厌氧消化的填料反应系统

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005205372A (ja) * 2004-01-26 2005-08-04 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp 食品廃材の嫌気性消化方法
CN102674544A (zh) * 2012-05-28 2012-09-19 苏州苏水环境工程有限公司 一种顶部带滤层的处理化工废水的ubf厌氧反应器
CN103773807A (zh) * 2012-12-27 2014-05-07 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 一种利用纳米磁铁矿提高厌氧产甲烷效率的方法
CN103787468A (zh) * 2014-01-26 2014-05-14 成都玉龙化工有限公司 电解废水处理装置、pvb生产废水处理装置及工艺
CN104031949A (zh) * 2014-06-10 2014-09-10 同济大学 一种提高剩余活性污泥厌氧发酵产酸质量及乙酸比例的方法
CN111690530A (zh) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-22 北海市传创环保科技有限公司 一种餐厨垃圾的厌氧消化装置及其厌氧消化方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US11912598B2 (en) 2024-02-27
CN115159788A (zh) 2022-10-11
CN115159788B (zh) 2023-10-27
US20240034656A1 (en) 2024-02-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101597562A (zh) 大中型沼气工程二级厌氧发酵与发电系统
CN108117149B (zh) 一种微生物耦合电解处理高含固率有机废物的装置和方法
US20080152967A1 (en) Process and apparatus for producing hydrogen from sewage sludge
CN102864463A (zh) 一种厨余垃圾的h2捕集系统
CN104004791A (zh) 一种结合微生物电解池和微生物电池耦合两相厌氧强化处理厨余垃圾的方法及装置
CN106047940A (zh) 生活垃圾资源化利用厌氧消化产沼系统及方法
CN109748384A (zh) 一种利用mec强化uasb生产生物天然气的反应器
CN104045151B (zh) 一种基于生物电化学原理的原位沼气提纯反应器及方法
CN105609847A (zh) 膜过滤耦合单室斜板多阳极剩余污泥微生物燃料电池装置
CN111926045A (zh) 利用有机固废厌氧发酵制甲烷的电化学反应器以及方法
CN106480102A (zh) 一种利用电解辅助厌氧微生物提高甲烷产量的方法
WO2023165090A1 (zh) 餐厨垃圾消化装置
CN202977610U (zh) 一种填料型植物电极的微生物燃料电池装置
CN201033783Y (zh) 双出料聚丙烯沼气池
CN114394665A (zh) 一种电絮凝强化自气浮厌氧生物反应器
CN103811790A (zh) 填料型植物电极的微生物燃料电池装置
CN203461851U (zh) 一种用于垃圾渗滤液的电解氧化装置
CN210936399U (zh) 一种餐厨垃圾处理设备
CN206814610U (zh) 一种污泥脱水装置
US20220135929A1 (en) Apparatus and method for enhancing anaerobic digestion based on the coupling of electron transfer with microbial electrolytic cell
CN201914971U (zh) 一种筒状螺旋上流式厌氧装置
CN206721008U (zh) 一种利用纳米碳纤维材料提高污泥消化率的电消化装置
CN220183235U (zh) 一种餐厨垃圾高效处理资源化装置
CN2143226Y (zh) 一种两步发酵式厌氧消化器
CN110819528A (zh) 一种生物沼气发酵池甲烷产生装置及产生方法