WO2023162378A1 - Élément optique et dispositif d'affichage d'image l'utilisant - Google Patents

Élément optique et dispositif d'affichage d'image l'utilisant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023162378A1
WO2023162378A1 PCT/JP2022/043310 JP2022043310W WO2023162378A1 WO 2023162378 A1 WO2023162378 A1 WO 2023162378A1 JP 2022043310 W JP2022043310 W JP 2022043310W WO 2023162378 A1 WO2023162378 A1 WO 2023162378A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical element
base
light
shielding mask
groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/043310
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
有希 前田
Original Assignee
株式会社パリティ・イノベーションズ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社パリティ・イノベーションズ filed Critical 株式会社パリティ・イノベーションズ
Publication of WO2023162378A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023162378A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/56—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels by projecting aerial or floating images
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical element that forms a real image of an object on one side in a space on the other side, and an image display device using the optical element.
  • An optical element has been devised in which a projection object is placed on one side of a plane that partitions a space, and a mirror image of the projection object is formed at a plane-symmetrical position on the other side of the space.
  • An optical element of this type which has a structure in which a plurality of dihedral corner reflectors, each of which is composed of two minute mirror surfaces (reflection surfaces) perpendicular to each other, are aggregated in a plane (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an optical element having a dihedral corner reflector array in which a plurality of dihedral corner reflectors are arranged in a grid pattern on one plane.
  • each mirror surface forming a dihedral corner reflector is arranged perpendicular to the element surface of the optical element. Therefore, the light emitted from the object to be observed arranged on one side of the element surface is reflected twice by the dihedral corner reflectors when passing through the optical element, and is bent. A real image is formed in the space on the side.
  • the object to be observed is imaged as an aerial image so that it exists at a symmetrical position with respect to the element plane of the optical element.
  • JP 2011-191404 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-66206
  • the light emitted from the upper surface of the element after being reflected by one of the two mirror surfaces forming the dihedral corner reflector without being reflected by the other mirror surface is also considered as the light that forms an aerial image. This is a factor that lowers the contrast of the aerial image. Moreover, such light cannot be absorbed even by the light-absorbing material embedded in the groove portions, such as that described in Patent Document 1 above.
  • the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the light emitted from the upper surface of the element is reflected by one of the two mirror surfaces forming the dihedral corner reflector, but is not reflected by the other mirror surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical element and an image display device using the optical element capable of blocking light and suppressing a decrease in the contrast of an aerial image.
  • the present invention provides an optical element that forms a real image of an object to be observed on one side in a space on the other side, the substrate being formed of a transparent material and forming a plane. and a plurality of protrusions formed integrally with the base so as to protrude from the base, the protrusions being perpendicular to the base and having two reflections substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the reflecting surface; and a top surface that forms a surface on the opposite side of the base and is parallel to the base;
  • a three-dimensional light shielding mask is disposed above the reflecting surface to block part of the light reflected by the reflecting surface.
  • the upper side surface is inclined so as to protrude above the parietal surface, and is characterized in that the light reflected by only one of the two reflecting surfaces is blocked.
  • the side surface of the three-dimensional light shielding mask positioned above the inclined surface is parallel to the side surface positioned above the reflecting surface.
  • a groove-filling portion made of a medium having a refractive index lower than that of a transparent material forming the projecting portion is disposed in the groove, and the three-dimensional light shielding mask is disposed on the groove-filling portion. It is preferably placed on the
  • the top surface of the groove-filling portion is formed so as to be lower than the top surface.
  • the optical element is preferably used in an image display recording device.
  • the optical element of the present invention since the side surface of the three-dimensional light shielding mask is inclined so as to protrude above the top surface of the protrusion, the angle of incidence on the reflecting surface is large, and the light is reflected only once by the reflecting surface. Any light that is not exposed is blocked by the sides. Therefore, light that does not form an image in the air is blocked, and it is possible to prevent the contrast of the air image from lowering.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view conceptually showing a configuration example of an optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4(a) and 4(b) are diagrams schematically showing image formation modes by the optical element.
  • FIG. The perspective view which expanded a part of said optical element.
  • the perspective view which shows the structure which isolate
  • (a) is a side sectional view of the main body
  • (b) is a plan view.
  • FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the optical member; FIG. 2 is a perspective view conceptually showing a configuration example of an image display device including the optical element.
  • the optical element 1 of this embodiment has a dihedral corner reflector 30 composed of mirror surfaces (reflecting surfaces 31 and 32) that are perpendicular to a substrate 2 that forms a plane and that are substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • a plurality of dihedral corner reflectors 30 are arranged in a grid pattern on the substrate 2 to form a dihedral corner reflector array 30S.
  • the real image (real mirror image P) of the object to be observed O is projected into the space on the other surface side of the element surface 1S of the optical element 1. form an image. That is, the optical element 1 forms a real mirror image P of the observed object O at a plane-symmetrical position with the element surface 1S as a plane of symmetry.
  • the element surface 1S is a virtual plane orthogonal to the two reflecting surfaces 31 and 32 forming the dihedral corner reflector 30.
  • FIG. Note that the dihedral corner reflectors 30 are microscopic, on the order of ⁇ m, compared to the overall size of the optical element 1, which is on the order of cm or m. It is conceptually indicated by a character shape.
  • the imaging mode by the dihedral corner reflector array 30S will be described with reference to FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b).
  • FIG. 2A it is assumed that the light emitted from the point light source o as the object to be projected travels three-dimensionally from the back side of the page to the front side of the page.
  • the light (solid line arrow) emitted from the point light source o is reflected by one reflecting surface 31 constituting the dihedral corner reflector 30 when passing through the optical element 1 (not shown in FIG. 2(a)), Further, after being reflected by the other reflecting surface 32, the light is transmitted through the element surface 1S (see FIG. 2(b)).
  • the light emitted from the optical element 1 in this way spreads through the plane-symmetrical position p of the point light source o with respect to the element surface 1S.
  • the light transmitted through the optical element 1 is converged at a plane-symmetrical position p of the point light source o with respect to the element surface 1S and formed as a real mirror image P (see FIG. 1).
  • the optical element 1 has a main body 10 forming the dihedral corner reflector array 30S, and a three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 arranged on the light exit surface side of the main body 10 .
  • a projection object (not shown) that emits light on the side of the main body 10 opposite to the side on which the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 is provided, and the light is led out. The direction is called upward.
  • the body part 10 has a base 2 and a plurality of projecting parts 3 formed to protrude from the base 2 .
  • the base 2 is made of a transparent material and forms a single plane.
  • the plurality of protrusions 3 are integrally formed with the base 2 from the same transparent material as the base 2 .
  • a groove-filling portion 4 is provided in the groove portion 21 between the adjacent projecting portions 3 .
  • the groove-filling portion 4 is made of a medium having a lower refractive index than the transparent material forming the body portion 10 . 4, illustration of the groove filling portion 4 is omitted.
  • the projecting portion 3 has three or more side surfaces that are angled with respect to the base 2.
  • the projecting portion 3 of the present embodiment has a truncated pyramid shape, and two surfaces perpendicular to the base 2 (reflective surfaces 31 and 32) and two surfaces inclined with respect to the base 2 (inclined surfaces 33 and 34) and a top surface 35 that is parallel to the base 2 .
  • two reflecting surfaces 31 and 32 are adjacent to each other, and two inclined surfaces 33 and 34 are adjacent to each other.
  • the reflecting surfaces 31 and 32 are arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • the light incident on the protruding portion 3 from the base 2 is totally reflected twice by the inner wall surfaces of the reflecting surfaces 31 and 32 and emitted from the top surface 35 of the protruding portion 3 .
  • the top surface 35 is defined by the ridges of the reflective surfaces 31, 32 and the inclined surfaces 33, 34, has approximately the same length, and is approximately square in top view.
  • the reflective surface 31 (32) has, in a side view, the boundary line with the base 2 as the lower base, the ridgeline with the top surface 35 as the upper base, the ridgeline with the inclined surfaces 33 and 34 as the oblique side, and the adjacent reflective surface 32 (31 ) is a trapezoid whose vertical sides are the ridges of
  • a plurality of protruding portions 3 having the above shape are arranged in a grid pattern.
  • Adjacent projecting portions 3 have one reflective surface 31 and the other inclined surface 33 opposed to each other, and one reflective surface 32 and the other inclined surface 34 to each other.
  • the plurality of protruding portions 3 have grid-like groove portions 21 formed between the reflecting surfaces 31 and 32 and the inclined surfaces 33 and 34 facing each other.
  • the groove portion 21 is filled with a groove filling portion 4 made of a medium having a refractive index lower than that of the transparent material forming the body portion 10 (see FIGS. 3 and 5B). Therefore, the groove-filling portion 4 is in contact with each of at least the reflecting surface 31 (32) and the inclined surface 33 (34) forming a dihedral corner reflector.
  • the surface of the groove-filling portion 4 opposite to the base 2, that is, the upper surface 41 of the groove-filling portion 4 is flat and formed to be slightly lower than the top surface 35, for example, 50 ⁇ m lower. be done.
  • the width W of one side of one pitch of the protrusions 3 including the grooves 21 in a top view is, for example, 100 to 1000 ⁇ m, and the pitch width W is set according to the projection distance of the real mirror image P (see FIG. 1). However, when the pop-out distance is 10 cm, for example, it is about 300 ⁇ m. Among them, the width L of the upper side of the reflecting surface 31 (dihedral corner reflector) is set to 200 ⁇ m (see FIG. 5B), and the width of the groove portion 21 is set to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the plate thickness of the optical element 1 including the base 2 and the protrusions 3 is generally 1 to 3 mm.
  • the height H of the projecting portion 3 (the depth of the groove portion 21) from the base 2 (the bottom surface 22 of the groove portion 21) is set to 1 to 3 times the pitch width W.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the inclined surface 33 with respect to the normal to the base 2 is at least 1° or more, preferably 5° or more.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 it is possible to secure a necessary draft taper and facilitate removal from the mold when manufacturing the dihedral corner reflector array 30S.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 is too large, the parietal surface 35 from which light is emitted becomes small. Note that the numerical values shown here are representative values shown as an example of the present embodiment, and the present invention is not limited to these numerical values.
  • a transparent material with a light transmittance of 80% or more, a refractive index of 1.3 or more, and less deteriorated by heat and humidity is used.
  • transparent materials include acrylic resin and glass.
  • a cycloolefin polymer (COP) which is a hydrocarbon-based polymer having a low water absorbency, an amorphous structure, and an alicyclic structure.
  • cycloolefin polymers include ZEONOR (registered trademark) manufactured by Nippon Zeon (grade: 1020R, light transmittance of 92%, refractive index of 1.53).
  • the refractive index of the medium thereof is 1.4 or less.
  • examples of such a medium include a fluorine coating agent and the like, and in addition, hollow silica particles, mesoporous silica particles, and the like may be appropriately applied.
  • the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 has a mask body 50 having a predetermined thickness and through holes 51 penetrating through the mask body 50 .
  • the through hole 51 is composed of a rectangular lower opening 52, a rectangular upper opening 53, and four side surfaces 54 to 57 connecting them.
  • the front side of the paper surface is the upper surface (light emitting side) of the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5.
  • FIG. Both the lower surface opening 52 and the upper surface opening 53 are openings having substantially the same shape, and are formed so as to partially overlap in the thickness direction of the mask body 50 so as to be displaced from each other. They are connected by sides 54 to 57 (especially see FIG. 6(d)).
  • the lower surface opening 53 has substantially the same dimensions as the top surface 35 of the projecting portion 3, and since the upper surface 41 of the groove filling portion 4 around the top surface 35 is lowered, the top surface 35 fits into the lower surface opening 53. (See also FIG. 7 described below).
  • the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 is arranged on the main body 10 without being displaced.
  • the side surfaces 54 to 57 of the through hole 51 include side surfaces 54 and 55 located above the inclined surfaces 33 and 34 of the projecting portion 3 and side surfaces 56 and 57 located above the reflecting surfaces 31 and 32 of the projecting portion 3. and (see also FIG. 4). Of these side surfaces 54 to 57 , the side surfaces 56 and 57 located above the reflecting surfaces 31 and 32 are inclined so as to protrude above the top surface 35 .
  • the thickness of the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 is, for example, 100 to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the side surfaces 54 to 57 with respect to the top surface 35 is, for example, 50 to 70°.
  • the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 is manufactured to have the above structure by a 3D printer or resin molding using a resin material containing black pigment (for example, ABS resin or PLA resin). It is preferable that the side surfaces 54 to 57 of the through hole 51 of the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 are formed with fine irregularities.
  • the 3D printer molds a modeled object by layering resin, so the side surfaces of the three-dimensional structure formed in the lamination direction are naturally finely uneven.
  • resin molding by scattering light-absorbing particles in a resin material, fine unevenness can be formed on the surface of the molded body.
  • the fine unevenness referred to here preferably has an unevenness size of 1 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 7 hatching is omitted from side cross sections of the substrate 2 and the projecting portion 3 .
  • Light incident on the disc 2 is guided into the main body 10 and reaches the reflecting surface 31 .
  • the reflective surface 31 is in contact with the groove filling portion 4 made of a low refractive index material, the light incident on the reflective surface 31 at an incident angle exceeding a predetermined critical angle is totally reflected by the reflective surface 31 .
  • the projecting portion 3 has a certain height, if the incident angle ⁇ 1 to the reflecting surface 31 is within a predetermined range, the light L1 that has been totally reflected by the reflecting surface 31 for the first time is reflected by the other reflecting surface.
  • the light L2 whose incident angle ⁇ 2 to the reflective surface 31 is larger than the predetermined range is emitted from the top surface 35 without being reflected by the other reflective surface 32 after being reflected by the reflective surface 31 .
  • Such a once-reflected light does not contribute to the formation of an aerial image, but conventional optical elements cannot block the once-reflected light L2, which causes a decrease in the contrast of the aerial image.
  • the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 is provided on the light exit surface side of the main body 10 .
  • the side surface 56 located above the reflecting surface 31 is inclined so as to protrude above the top surface 35 .
  • the light L2 which has a large angle ⁇ 2 and is reflected only once by the reflecting surface 31, is blocked by the side surface 56.
  • the side surface 54 located above the inclined surface 33 is also inclined, the light L1 reflected twice by the reflecting surface 31 and the reflecting surface 32 is not blocked by the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5.
  • the optical element 1 the light L1 that forms an aerial image is emitted from the optical element 1, and the light L2 that does not form an aerial image is blocked, thereby suppressing a decrease in the contrast of the aerial image. can do.
  • the light reflected only once by the reflecting surface 32 is blocked by the side surface 57 (not shown).
  • the surfaces of the side surfaces 54 to 57 of the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 are slightly uneven, the light absorption efficiency is high, the reflection of light on the side surfaces 54 to 57 is reduced, and the contrast of the aerial image is lowered. can be suppressed more effectively.
  • the light L3 incident on the bottom surface 22 of the groove 21 between the protrusions 3 rather than the protrusions 3 from the substrate 2 and the incident angle to the reflection surface 31 are smaller than the critical angle and are totally reflected by the reflection surface 31.
  • the light L4, which has entered the groove-filling portion 4 without any light, does not form an aerial image, and becomes stray light.
  • the optical element 1 since the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 is arranged on the groove 21 between the projections 3, these lights L3 and L4 can also be shielded.
  • the image display device 1A is a specific application of the optical element 1 described above, and includes a housing 12 having an opening 11 on the top surface and an image display unit 13 provided on the inner surface of the housing 12. Prepare.
  • the optical element 1 is attached to the opening 11 of the housing 12 .
  • the image display unit 13 uses, for example, a liquid crystal display device, and in the illustrated example, the character "A" is displayed in an upside-down posture.
  • the light emitted from the image display unit 13 is bent and reflected by the optical element 1 to form an aerial image of the letter "A".
  • An observer can visually recognize an aerial image of the character "A" as an aerial image when looking into the optical element 1 with the viewpoint Ep positioned diagonally above the image display device 1A.
  • the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 has a predetermined height in the direction perpendicular to the base 2, and the side surfaces 54 to 57 are partially inclined so as to protrude above the top surface 35 of the projecting portion 3. If so, it is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible.
  • the thickness of the three-dimensional light shielding mask 5 and the angle ⁇ 2 of the side surfaces 54 to 57 are determined by the positional relationship between the image display unit 13, which is the object to be projected, and the optical element 1, the pitch interval and height of the projecting portions 3, the inclined surfaces 33, . 34, and is not limited to the numerical values described above.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention est de protéger la lumière qui ne forme pas une image aérienne pour supprimer la réduction du contraste de l'image aérienne dans un élément optique. La solution de l'invention porte sur un élément optique 1 qui a une base 2 et une pluralité de saillies 3 formées d'un seul tenant avec la base 2, les saillies 3 ayant deux surfaces réfléchissantes 31, 32 perpendiculaires à la base 2 et sensiblement orthogonales l'une à l'autre, des surfaces inclinées 33, 34, et une surface supérieure formant une surface sur le côté opposé à la base 2. Un masque de protection contre la lumière tridimensionnel 5 pour protéger une partie de la lumière réfléchie par la surface réfléchissante 31 ou la surface inclinée 33 est disposé au-dessus d'une partie de rainure 21 entre la surface réfléchissante 31 et la surface inclinée 33. Le masque de protection contre la lumière tridimensionnel 5 a une hauteur dans la direction perpendiculaire à la base 2, est incliné de telle sorte qu'une surface latérale 56 positionnée au-dessus de la surface réfléchissante 31 fait saillie au-dessus de la surface supérieure 35, et protège la lumière réfléchie par une seule des deux surfaces réfléchissantes 31, 32.
PCT/JP2022/043310 2022-02-24 2022-11-24 Élément optique et dispositif d'affichage d'image l'utilisant WO2023162378A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022-026774 2022-02-24
JP2022026774 2022-02-24

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WO2023162378A1 true WO2023162378A1 (fr) 2023-08-31

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070041094A1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2007-02-22 Juan Dominguez-Montes System for reproducing three-dimensional images
JP2017067933A (ja) * 2015-09-29 2017-04-06 株式会社パリティ・イノベーションズ ２面コーナーリフレクタアレイ
WO2018139141A1 (fr) * 2017-01-30 2018-08-02 株式会社パリティ・イノベーションズ Élément optique et dispositif d'affichage d'image l'utilisant
JP2019101055A (ja) * 2017-11-28 2019-06-24 コニカミノルタ株式会社 空中映像表示装置
JP2020060752A (ja) * 2018-10-12 2020-04-16 国立大学法人電気通信大学 空中像形成装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070041094A1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2007-02-22 Juan Dominguez-Montes System for reproducing three-dimensional images
JP2017067933A (ja) * 2015-09-29 2017-04-06 株式会社パリティ・イノベーションズ ２面コーナーリフレクタアレイ
WO2018139141A1 (fr) * 2017-01-30 2018-08-02 株式会社パリティ・イノベーションズ Élément optique et dispositif d'affichage d'image l'utilisant
JP2019101055A (ja) * 2017-11-28 2019-06-24 コニカミノルタ株式会社 空中映像表示装置
JP2020060752A (ja) * 2018-10-12 2020-04-16 国立大学法人電気通信大学 空中像形成装置

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