WO2023159854A1 - 一种破碎机 - Google Patents

一种破碎机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023159854A1
WO2023159854A1 PCT/CN2022/105353 CN2022105353W WO2023159854A1 WO 2023159854 A1 WO2023159854 A1 WO 2023159854A1 CN 2022105353 W CN2022105353 W CN 2022105353W WO 2023159854 A1 WO2023159854 A1 WO 2023159854A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crushing
knife
cutting assembly
zone
different
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/105353
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
伯施多纳特·米开勒
Original Assignee
碎得机械(北京)有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 碎得机械(北京)有限公司 filed Critical 碎得机械(北京)有限公司
Publication of WO2023159854A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023159854A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of crushing and processing of materials, in particular to a crusher.
  • waste needs to be broken into different sizes. Crushing large-sized materials into small-sized materials can be continuously and repeatedly coarsely crushed in the coarse crusher until the desired particle size is achieved, but this method will result in low crushing efficiency, time-consuming and higher energy consumption;
  • the risk of blockage of the fine crusher increases due to the large size and hard materials, and the output is low, the energy consumption is high, and the maintenance cost is high;
  • the coarse crusher and the fine crusher are used for two-stage crushing, the two An independent machine is combined with auxiliary equipment (including conveyors, etc.), but due to the large number of equipment, the entire system occupies a larger area, has higher investment, higher consumption, and lower reliability.
  • the technical problem to be solved in the present disclosure is to provide a crusher to improve the crushing efficiency and reduce the risk of clogging and maintenance cost.
  • a crusher including a crushing box
  • At least two crushing areas are arranged in the crushing box
  • At least one cutting assembly is provided in each of the at least two crushing zones;
  • the cutting assembly in at least one of the at least two crushing zones is different from the cutting assembly in the other crushing zone;
  • the at least two crushing zones simultaneously and independently crush target materials.
  • each crushing zone corresponds to its own feed port.
  • the cutting components include:
  • the moving knife cooperates with the fixed knife to realize tearing, shearing and extrusion of the target material.
  • At least one of the types and specifications of the movable knives in the at least two crushing zones are different.
  • At least one of the types and specifications of the fixed knives in the at least two crushing zones are different.
  • a partition is provided between two adjacent crushing zones in the at least two crushing zones.
  • the at least two crushing zones include:
  • a second crushing zone arranged side by side with the first crushing zone
  • the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone is different from the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone.
  • the at least two crushing zones include: a first crushing zone, a second crushing zone and a third crushing zone arranged side by side;
  • the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone, the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone and the cutting assembly in the third crushing zone are different.
  • the movable knife in the crushing zone is a hook-toothed knife
  • the fixed knife is a comb plate
  • both the movable knife and the fixed knife in the crushing zone are detachable square knives.
  • a screen is provided under the crushing zone.
  • At least two crushing areas are provided in the crushing box; at least one cutting assembly is arranged in each of the at least two crushing areas; The cutting assembly in at least one crushing area is different from the cutting assembly in other crushing areas.
  • Materials of different specifications are crushed through different crushing areas. Large and hard materials are divided into small and flexible materials to improve the crushing capacity of the crusher. Compatibility and crushing efficiency reduce the risk of clogging, and at the same time integrate different crushing functional areas into one device, reducing the number of devices, and the entire system occupies a small area, thereby reducing investment costs.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a crushing zone with two different crushing sizes provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a crushing zone provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure with two cutting assemblies
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of moving knives with different shapes of two crushing zone cutting assemblies provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a crushing zone provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure with two cutting assemblies
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of three crushing zones provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a screen provided under the crushing zone provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 is a top view of a partition structure provided in the crushing section provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view from another perspective of the partition structure provided in the crushing section provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a crusher, including a crushing box 4, and at least two crushing areas are arranged in the crushing box 4; each crushing area in the at least two crushing areas Each is provided with at least one cutting assembly; the cutting assembly in at least one of the at least two crushing areas is different from the cutting assembly in the other crushing areas, and the at least two crushing areas simultaneously and independently crush the target material .
  • At least one crushing area is different from the other crushing areas in terms of the crushing size of the target material, so that the same crusher can be crushed according to According to the size requirements of the target material, the target material of different sizes is crushed, and the large and hard material is divided into small and flexible materials, so as to improve the compatibility and crushing efficiency of the crusher and reduce the risk of blockage; the at least two crushing Each crushing area in the area can be crushed independently and at the same time. For materials of different sizes, only part of the crushing area can be operated, thereby improving the utilization rate of the crusher and reducing energy consumption;
  • Each of the at least two crushing zones is provided with at least one cutting assembly, and at the same time, the crushing size of the target material by the at least one cutting assembly in each of the at least two crushing zones is different from other
  • the cutting components in the crushing area have different crushing sizes for the target materials; materials of different specifications are crushed through the cutting components in different crushing areas, and the crushing areas with different crushing functions are integrated into one crusher to reduce the number of equipment As well as the entire system footprint, thereby reducing investment costs and equipment use and maintenance costs.
  • the different crushers in the crushing box do not interfere with each other, and can feed and crush independently, and the materials received in different crushing areas will not enter other crushing areas, so as to avoid the interference of materials of different natures in crushing.
  • two or three sets of cutting assemblies can be set in one crushing area according to actual needs, and the cutting assembly targets in the same crushing area The crushing size of the material is different.
  • the throughput of the crushed target material in the crushing area can be increased, the crushing efficiency can be improved, and the risk of blockage can be reduced at the same time.
  • each crushing zone corresponds to its own feed port, and each crushing zone is fed independently, and materials of different properties can be crushed separately, and the independent operations of each crushing zone do not interfere with each other, and do not affect each other.
  • the cutting assembly includes: a rotor 9 installed in the crushing box 4; a plurality of moving knives 10 arranged on the rotor 9; A plurality of fixed knives 11 corresponding to the moving knives 10; and a drive device 5 for driving the rotor 9 to rotate, the moving knives 10 cooperate with the fixed knives 11 to achieve tearing, shearing and extrusion of the target material.
  • each cutting assembly in the at least one cutting assembly includes a rotor 9, and the moving knife 10 on the rotor 9 and the fixed knife 11 arranged on the crushing box form a moving and fixed knife structure, that is, a moving knife 10 and the blade 12 of the fixed knife 11 realize shearing through the relative movement between the two; when the driving device 5 drives the moving knife 10 to rotate, it squeezes the material between the moving knife 10 and the fixed knife 11, and rotates with the moving knife 10 , the moving knife 10 gradually moves away from the blade of the fixed knife 11 , and then tears the material between the moving knife 10 and the fixed knife 11 .
  • the driving device 5 is installed in the crushing box 4, and corresponds to the rotor in the cutting assembly of each crushing area, and drives the rotor to rotate, and the rotor drives the rotating knife on it to rotate, and the rotating knife rotates with the fixed knife.
  • the knives cut each other to achieve extrusion, shearing and crushing of the target material; the driving device 5 can be driven by a driving motor or hydraulic pressure, and the driving device 5 can be arranged on the same side of the crushing box 4, or on the side of the crushing box 4 different sides.
  • the rotor 9 can be installed in the crushing box 4 through bearings, and the rotor 9 in the same crushing area is provided with a plurality of identical moving knives, at least two At least one of the types and specifications of the movable knife 10 in the crushing area is different, and the specification of the movable knife 10 includes but not limited to the size of the movable knife cutter, the shape of the movable knife cutter, etc.; the two sides of the rotor 9 are provided with The specifications of the multiple movable knives on the rotor are matched, and the fixed knives 11 correspond to the positions and quantities of the multiple movable knives one by one.
  • the rotor 9 rotates and drives multiple The movable knife 10 rotates, and each movable knife cooperates with its corresponding fixed knife to tear, cut and squeeze the target material.
  • At least one of the types and specifications of the movable knives 10 in the at least two crushing zones is different.
  • At least one of the types and specifications of the movable knife 10 of the cutting assembly in each of the at least two crushing areas is different, so as to realize the crushing of materials of different types and sizes;
  • the type and specification of the movable knife 10 include but not limited to the size and shape of the movable knife.
  • At least one of the types and specifications of the fixed knives 11 in the at least two crushing zones is different.
  • the type of the fixed knife 11 of the cutting assembly in each of the at least two crushing zones is different.
  • the type of the fixed knife 11 is different from that of The types of the movable knife 11 are used in conjunction with each other to achieve tearing, shearing and extrusion of the target material; preferably, when the type and specification of the movable knife 10 remain unchanged, the fixed knife 11 can be changed Specifications, such as changing the distance between adjacent fixed knives or the thickness of the fixed knives, to change the interval between the moving knives and the fixed knives, so as to achieve crushing of materials of different sizes and achieve different cutting effects;
  • the type and specification of the movable knife 11 include but not limited to the size and shape of the movable knife.
  • a partition 7 is provided between two adjacent crushing zones among the at least two crushing zones, so that each crushing zone corresponds to its own feed inlet.
  • partitions 7 can be set between different crushing areas, and the partitions 7 can separate different crushing areas, such as separating the coarse crushing area and the fine crushing area, so that each crushing area corresponds to its own feed
  • the partition 7 can be set in the hopper 8 but does not completely isolate the two rotors. After the materials of different sizes enter the corresponding crushing area through the feeding port of the respective crushing area, the cutting assembly in the crushing area will cut the material.
  • the partition can also be set in the hopper 8 but completely isolate the two rotors, To prevent the material in the coarse crushing area from entering the fine crushing area, and prevent the fine crushing area from being blocked by large-sized materials.
  • the at least two crushing areas include: a first crushing area 1; and a second crushing area 2 arranged side by side with the first crushing area 1; the first crushing area 1
  • the cutting assembly in is different from the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone 2 .
  • the first crushing zone 1 and the second crushing zone 2 are arranged side by side, the cutting components in the first crushing zone 1 are different from the cutting components in the second crushing zone 2, Specifically: at least one of the type, size, and shape of the movable knife of the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone 1 is different from that of the cutting component in the second crushing zone 2, so as to achieve different crushing function, the size of the movable knife may include but not limited to the thickness of the movable knife.
  • the size of the target material obtained by crushing the moving knife of the cutting assembly in the first crushing area 1 and its corresponding fixed knife is the first size;
  • the size of the target material obtained by crushing the moving knife of the cutting assembly with the corresponding fixed knife is the second size; the first size is greater than the second size.
  • the size of the target material can be at least one of the length, width, thickness, and particle size of the target material.
  • the moving knife and the moving knife of the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone 1 The fixed knife corresponding to the knife can be set according to the first size of the target material, and the material is cut to obtain the target material of the first size; the moving knife of the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone 2 and the moving knife
  • the corresponding fixed knife can be set according to the second size of the target material, and the material is cut to obtain the target material of the second size; the first size is larger than the second size, so as to cut materials of different sizes .
  • the at least two crushing areas include: a first crushing area 1, a second crushing area 2, and a third crushing area 3 arranged side by side;
  • the cutting assembly, the cutting assembly in the second crushing area 2 and the cutting assembly in the third crushing area 3 are different.
  • the at least two crushing zones may also include a third crushing zone 3 arranged side by side with the second crushing zone 2.
  • the three crushing zones The cutting components in the three crushing zones are all different, specifically: the shape of the moving knife of the cutting component of two of the three crushing zones is the same, but the size is different, and the shape of the moving knife of the cutting component of the other crushing zone is different.
  • the shape of the moving knife of the cutting assembly of the other two crushing areas is different to realize the cutting of materials of different sizes and improve the crushing efficiency of the crusher; preferably, the size of the target material obtained by crushing in the first crushing area 1 is is the first size; the size of the target material crushed by the second crushing zone 2 is the second size; the size of the target material crushed by the third crushing zone 3 is the third size; the first size is larger than the The second size and the third size, the second size is larger than the third size.
  • the movable knife in the crushing zone is a hook-toothed knife
  • the fixed knife is a comb plate
  • the moving knife of the cutting assembly in the crushing area is a hook-toothed knife
  • the fixed knife matched with it is a comb plate
  • the comb plate is fixed in the crushing box 4, and the edge of the comb plate and the moving knife cooperates That is, the blade 12 is used to cut the material.
  • both the movable knife and the fixed knife in the crushing zone are detachable square knives.
  • the moving knife of the cutting assembly in the crushing area is a detachable square knife
  • the fixed knife matched with it is also a detachable square knife, and the fixed knife is used in conjunction with the moving knife to achieve Material is cut.
  • the moving knife of the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone 1 is a hook-toothed knife
  • the fixed knife is a comb plate
  • the second crushing Both the movable knife and the fixed knife of the cutting assembly in zone 2 are detachable square knives.
  • the type of the moving knife of the cutting assembly in the first crushing zone 1 and the second crushing zone 2 are different, when the moving knife of the cutting component in the first crushing zone 1 is a hook-toothed cutter , the moving knife of the cutting assembly in the second crushing zone 2 is a square knife; of course, it can also be: when the moving knife of the cutting component in the first crushing zone 1 is a square knife, the second crushing zone 2.
  • the moving knife of the cutting assembly is a hook-toothed knife; preferably, the hook-toothed knife can be a single-ended knife or a double-ended knife, and of course it can also be other types of knives, such as a three-headed knife or a four-headed knife etc., the setting of the hook-toothed cutter and the fixed knife corresponding to the hook-toothed cutter interact to realize the cutting of hard and large-sized materials; the square cutter can be rectangular or cubic cutter, and the square cutter is detachably connected to the rotor to facilitate the replacement of the cutter, the setting of the square cutter and the interaction of the fixed cutter corresponding to the square cutter to realize the cutting of flexible materials or small-sized materials .
  • a screen 6 is provided below the crushing area corresponding to the cutting assembly.
  • the first crushing zone 1 may include a rotor
  • the second crushing zone 2 may include a rotor
  • the types of movable knives on the two rotors may be the same, but the Different specifications can realize the crushing of materials of different sizes.
  • a rotor can be added to the first crushing zone 1, that is, the first crushing zone 1 includes two rotors, and the second crushing zone 2 can be It includes a rotor, and the types of movable knives on the rotors in the two crushing areas can be the same, but the specifications of the movable knives are different.
  • the first crushing zone 1 may include a rotor
  • the second crushing zone 2 may include a rotor
  • the types of movable knives on the two rotors are different, capable of crushing different types of materials.
  • a rotor can be added to the first crushing zone 1 to increase the material throughput of the first crushing zone 1, and the second crushing zone 2
  • a rotor may be included, and the types of movable knives on the rotors in the two crushing areas are different, and materials of different properties can be crushed.
  • each of the three crushing areas includes a rotor, and the moving parts on the rotors in the first crushing area and the second crushing area are The types of knives are the same, but the specifications are different. The types of moving knives on the rotor in the third crushing zone are different, and the three crushing zones can crush materials of different properties.
  • At least one rotor has a hook-toothed cutter and no screen is provided under the corresponding crushing zone of the rotor, and a screen may be provided under the rotor with square cutters.
  • each rotor operates independently, and it is possible for some rotors to rotate while the rest of the rotors are stationary, and only the rotating rotors are broken.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供一种破碎机，包括破碎箱，所述破碎箱内设置有至少两个破碎区；所述至少两个破碎区中的每个破碎区中均设置有至少一个裁切组件；所述至少两个破碎区中的至少一个破碎区中的裁切组件与其它破碎区中的裁切组件不同；所述至少两个破碎区同时且独立破碎目标物料。通过在破碎机内设置不同破碎尺寸的破碎区，以实现在一台破碎机中进行不同尺寸物料的破碎，进而提高破碎机的破碎效率，减少设备数量，降低使用及维护成本。

Description

一种破碎机
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2022年02月22日在中国提交的中国专利申请号2022101620133的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及物料破碎处理技术领域，特别是指一种破碎机。
背景技术
在固体废物预处理领域，根据固体废物预处理场景的不同，需要将废物破碎成不同的尺寸。将尺寸大的物料破碎成尺寸小的物料可以在粗破碎机中连续反复进行粗破碎，直到达到预期的粒度，但此种方法会导致破碎效率低、耗费时间和更高的能耗；当在细破碎机中直接破碎时，由于尺寸大并且坚硬的物料使得细破碎机堵塞风险增加，并且产量低、能耗高、维护成本高；如果采用粗破碎机和细破碎机进行两级破碎，两台独立的机器与辅助设备(包括输送机等)相结合，但由于设备数量多，整个系统占地面积更大，投资更高，消耗高，可靠性更低。
发明内容
本公开要解决的技术问题是提供一种破碎机，以提高破碎效率，降低堵塞风险与维护成本。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开的技术方案如下：
公开一种破碎机，包括破碎箱，
所述破碎箱内设置有至少两个破碎区；
所述至少两个破碎区中的每个破碎区中均设置有至少一个裁切组件；
所述至少两个破碎区中的至少一个破碎区中的裁切组件与其它破碎区中 的裁切组件不同；
所述至少两个破碎区同时且独立破碎目标物料。
可选的，每个所述破碎区对应各自的进料口。
可选的，所述裁切组件包括：
安装于所述破碎箱内的转子；
设置于所述转子上的多个动刀；
设置于所述转子两侧与所述动刀对应的多个定刀；以及
驱动所述转子旋转的驱动装置；
所述动刀与所述定刀配合实现对目标物料的撕扯、剪切和挤压。
可选的，所述至少两个破碎区中的所述动刀的类型和规格中的至少一项不同。
可选的，所述至少两个破碎区中的所述定刀的类型和规格中的至少一项不同。
可选的，所述至少两个破碎区中相邻两破碎区之间设有隔板。
可选的，所述至少两个破碎区包括：
第一破碎区；以及
与所述第一破碎区并排设置的第二破碎区；
所述第一破碎区中的裁切组件与所述第二破碎区中的裁切组件不同。
可选的，所述至少两个破碎区包括：并排设置的第一破碎区、第二破碎区和第三破碎区；
所述第一破碎区中的裁切组件、所述第二破碎区中的裁切组件和第三破碎区中的裁切组件不同。
可选的，所述破碎区的动刀为钩齿式刀具，定刀为梳板。
可选的，所述破碎区的动刀和定刀均为可拆卸的方形刀具。
可选的，所述破碎区的动刀为可拆卸的方形刀具时，该破碎区的下方设置有筛网。
本公开的上述方案至少包括以下有益效果：
本公开的上述方案，通过在破碎箱内设置有至少两个破碎区；所述至少两个破碎区中的每个破碎区中均设置有至少一个裁切组件；所述至少两个破 碎区中至少一个破碎区中的裁切组件与其它破碎区中的裁切组件不同，通过不同破碎区域破碎不同规格的物料，尺寸大并且坚硬的物料与小尺寸及柔性物料分区破碎，以提高破碎机的兼容性及破碎效率，降低堵塞风险，同时将不同破碎功能区集成于一台设备中，减少设备数量，整个系统占地面积小，进而降低投资成低。
附图说明
图1是本公开实施例提供的具有两个不同破碎尺寸的破碎区示意图；
图2是本公开实施例提供的一个破碎区具有两个裁切组件的示意图；
图3是本公开实施例提供的两个破碎区裁切组件的具有不同形状动刀的示意图；
图4是本公开实施例提供的一个破碎区具有两个裁切组件的示意图；
图5是本公开实施例提供的具有三个破碎区示意图；
图6是本公开实施例提供的破碎区下方设置筛网的示意图；
图7是本公开实施例提供的破碎区间设置隔板结构的俯视图；
图8是本公开实施例提供的破碎区间设置隔板结构另一视角示意图。
附图标号说明：1、第一破碎区；2、第二破碎区；3、第三破碎区；4、破碎箱；5、驱动装置；6、筛网；7、隔板；8、料斗；9、转子；10、动刀；11、定刀；12、刀刃。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反，提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
参阅图1-7，本公开的实施例提出一种破碎机，包括破碎箱4，所述破碎箱4内设置有至少两个破碎区；所述至少两个破碎区中的每个破碎区中均设置有至少一个裁切组件；所述至少两个破碎区中的至少一个破碎区中的裁切组件与其它破碎区中的裁切组件不同，该至少两个破碎区同时且独立破碎目 标物料。
该实施例中，通过在破碎箱4内设置至少两个破碎区，且至少两个破碎区中，至少有一个破碎区与其它破碎区对目标物料的破碎尺寸不同，以实现同一破碎机能够根据目标物料的尺寸需求，进行不同尺寸目标物料的破碎，尺寸大并且坚硬的物料与小尺寸及柔性物料分区破碎，以提高破碎机的兼容性及破碎效率，降低堵塞风险；所述至少两个破碎区中每个破碎区均可以独立且同时进行破碎作业，针对不同尺寸的物料可以仅部分破碎区进行作业，进而提高破碎机的利用率，降低工作能耗；
所述至少两个破碎区中的每个破碎区中均设置有至少一个裁切组件，同时所述至少两个破碎区中每个破碎区的至少一个裁切组件对目标物料的破碎尺寸与其它破碎区中的裁切组件对目标物料的破碎尺寸不同；通过不同破碎区域中的裁切组件破碎不同规格的物料，同时将不同破碎功能的破碎区集成于一台破碎机中，以减少设备数量以及整个系统占地面积，进而降低投资成本以及设备的使用及维护成本。
该破碎箱内的不同破碎机相互之间互不干扰，可以独立进料、独立破碎，并且不同破碎区接收的物料不会进入其他破碎区，以避免不同性质的物料干扰破碎。
如图2和图4所示，本公开的一可选实施例中，可以在一个破碎区中根据实际需要设置两组或者三组等多组裁切组件，同一破碎区中的裁切组件目标物料的破碎尺寸不同，通过在同一个破碎区中设置多组裁切组件，以提高该破碎区破碎目标物料的吞吐量，在提高破碎效率，同时能够降低堵塞风险。
进一步，每个破碎区对应各自的进料口，各破碎区独立进料，可分别破碎不同性质的物料，并且各破碎区独立作业互不干扰，相互之间不影响。
本公开的一可选实施例中，所述裁切组件包括：安装于所述破碎箱4内的转子9；设置于所述转子9上的多个动刀10；设置于所述转子9两侧与所述动刀10对应的多个定刀11；以及驱动转子9旋转的驱动装置5，所述动刀10与所述定刀11配合实现对目标物料的撕扯、剪切和挤压。
该实施例中，所述至少一个裁切组件中每个裁切组件均包括一个转子9，转子9上的动刀10和设置于破碎箱上的定刀11形成动定刀结构，即动刀10 和定刀11的刀刃12通过二者之间的相对运动实现剪切；驱动装置5带动动刀10旋转时挤压动刀10和定刀11之间的物料，并且随着动刀10旋转，动刀10逐渐远离定刀11的刀刃，进而撕扯动刀10和定刀11之间的物料。
所述驱动装置5安装于所述破碎箱4内，且与每个破碎区的裁切组件中的转子一一对应，并驱动转子旋转，转子带动其上的动刀旋转，动刀旋转与定刀相互剪切，实现对目标物料进行挤压剪切破碎；驱动装置5可以是驱动电机或者液压驱动，所述驱动装置5可以布置在破碎箱4的同一侧，也可以布置在破碎箱4的不同侧。
该实施例中，如图1所示，所述转子9可以通过轴承安装于所述破碎箱4内，同一破碎区内的所述转子9上设置有多个完全相同的动刀，至少两个破碎区中的动刀10的类型和规格中的至少一项不同，动刀10的规格包括但不限于动刀刀具的尺寸、动刀刀具的形状等；所述转子9的两侧设置有与所述转子上的多个动刀规格相适配的，且与多个动刀位置与数量一一对应的定刀11，当所述裁切组件进行作业时，转子9转动，并带动多个动刀10旋转，每个动刀与其对应的定刀配合对目标物料进行撕扯、剪切和挤压。
本公开的一可选实施例中，所述至少两个破碎区中的所述动刀10的类型和规格中的至少一项不同。
该实施例中，所述至少两个破碎区中每个破碎区中裁切组件的动刀10的类型和规格中的至少一项不同，以实现不同类型及不同尺寸的物料的破碎；所述动刀10的类型和规格包括但不限于所述动刀的尺寸、形状。
本公开的一可选实施例中，所述至少两个破碎区中的所述定刀11的类型和规格中的至少一项不同。
该实施例中，所述至少两个破碎区中每个破碎区中裁切组件的定刀11的类型和规格中的至少一项不同，需要说明的是，所述定刀11的类型是与所述动刀11的类型是相互配合使用的，以实现对目标物料进行撕扯、剪切和挤压；优选的，当所述动刀10类型和规格不变时，可以改变所述定刀11的规格，如改变相邻定刀之间的距离或者定刀的厚度，以改变动刀和定刀之间的间隔变化，以实现对不同尺寸的物料进行破碎，达到不同的切割效果；所述动刀11的类型和规格包括但不限于所述动刀的尺寸、形状。
如图7所示，本公开的一可选实施例中，所述至少两个破碎区中相邻两破碎区之间设有隔板7，以使得每个破碎区对应各自的进料口。
该实施例中，不同的破碎区之间可以设置隔板7，隔板7能够将不同的破碎区隔离开，如隔离开粗破碎区和细破碎区，这样每个破碎区对应各自的进料口；隔板7可以是设置在料斗8内但并未将两转子彻底隔绝，不同尺寸的物料经各自破碎区的进料口进入对应的破碎区后，破碎区的裁切组件对物料进行裁切，当粗破碎区出现物料堆积时，这些物料的一小部分可以溢入细破碎区，减小粗破碎区的作业负担；隔板也可以是设置在料斗8内但将两转子彻底隔绝，以阻止粗破碎区的物料进入细破碎区，防止细破碎区因大尺寸物料而堵塞。
本公开的一可选实施例中，所述至少两个破碎区包括：第一破碎区1；以及与所述第一破碎区1并排设置的第二破碎区2；所述第一破碎区1中的裁切组件与所述第二破碎区2中的裁切组件不同。
该实施例中，所述第一破碎区1与所述第二破碎区2并排设置，所述第一破碎区1中的裁切组件与所述第二破碎区2中的裁切组件不同，具体的：所述第一破碎区1中裁切组件的动刀与所述第二破碎区2的裁切组件的动刀的类型、尺寸、形状中的至少一项不同，以实现不同的破碎功能，所述动刀的尺寸可以包括但不限于动刀刀具的厚度。
本公开的一可选实施例中，所述第一破碎区1中裁切组件的动刀与其对应的定刀破碎得到的目标物料的尺寸为第一尺寸；所述第二破碎区2中裁切组件的动刀其与对应的定刀破碎得到的目标物料的尺寸为第二尺寸；所述第一尺寸大于第二尺寸。
该实施例中，所述目标物料的尺寸可以是目标物料的长度、宽度、厚度、物料粒径的大小中的至少一种，所述第一破碎区1中裁切组件的动刀以及与动刀对应的定刀可以是依据目标物料的第一尺寸进行设置，并对物料进行裁切以得到第一尺寸的目标物料；所述第二破碎区2中裁切组件的动刀以及与动刀对应的定刀可以是依据目标物料的第二尺寸进行设置，并对物料进行裁切以得到第二尺寸的目标物料；所述第一尺寸大于第二尺寸，以对不同大小的物料进行裁切。
本公开的一可选实施例中，所述至少两个破碎区包括：并排设置的第一破碎区1、第二破碎区2、第三破碎区3；所述第一破碎区1中的裁切组件、所述第二破碎区2中的裁切组件和第三破碎区3中的裁切组件不同。
该实施例中，如图5所示，所述至少两个破碎区还可以包括与所述第二破碎区2并排设置的第三破碎区3，当设置有三个破碎区时，三个破碎区中的裁切组件均不相同，具体的：三个破碎区中有两个破碎区的裁切组件的动刀的形状相同，但尺寸不同，另外一个破碎区的裁切组件的动刀的形状与其它两个破碎区的裁切组件的动刀的形状不同，以实现不用尺寸的物料的裁切，提高破碎机破碎效率；优选的，所述第一破碎区1破碎得到的目标物料的尺寸为第一尺寸；所述第二破碎区2破碎得到的目标物料的尺寸为第二尺寸；所述第三破碎区3破碎得到的目标物料的尺寸为第三尺寸；所述第一尺寸大于所述第二尺寸和所述第三尺寸，所述第二尺寸大于所述第三尺寸。
通过在每个破碎区内依据最终裁切目标物料的不同尺寸设置不同尺寸的动刀，以实现不同尺寸的物料的裁切，得到不同尺寸的目标物料，进一步提高破碎机的破碎效率，同时实现在同一破碎机内的不同破碎区对不同尺寸的物料进行裁切，减少破碎机的数量，从而降低设备维护成本。
本公开的一可选实施例中，所述破碎区的动刀为钩齿式刀具，定刀为梳板。
该实施例中，当破碎区中裁切组件的动刀为钩齿式刀具时，与其配合的定刀为梳板，所述梳板固定于破碎箱4中，梳板与动刀配合的边缘即为刀刃12，以实现对物料进行裁切。
本公开的一可选实施例中，所述破碎区的动刀和定刀均为可拆卸的方形刀具。
该实施例中，当破碎区中裁切组件的动刀可拆卸的方形刀具时，与其配合的定刀也为可拆卸的方形刀具，所述定刀与所述动刀配合使用，以实现对物料进行裁切。
如图3和图4所示，本公开的一可选实施例中，所述第一破碎区1中裁切组件的动刀为钩齿式刀具，定刀为梳板；所述第二破碎区2中裁切组件的动刀和定刀均为可拆卸的方形刀具。
该实施例中，所述第一破碎区1与所述第二破碎区2的裁切组件的动刀类型不同，当所述第一破碎区1的裁切组件的动刀为钩齿式刀具时，所述第二破碎区2的裁切组件的动刀为方形刀具；当然也可以是：所述第一破碎区1的裁切组件的动刀为方形刀具时，所述第二破碎区2的裁切组件的动刀为钩齿式刀具；优选的，所述钩齿式刀具可以是单头刀或者双头刀，当然也可以是其他种类的刀具，例如三头刀或者四头刀等，所述钩齿式刀具的设置以及与所述钩齿式刀具对应设置的定刀相互作用，以实现质地坚硬、尺寸大的物料的裁切；所述方形刀具可以是长方体形或者立方体形刀具，且所述方形刀具与转子可拆卸连接，以便于更换刀具，所述方形刀具的设置以及与所述方形刀具对应设置的定刀相互作用，以实现柔性物料或者尺寸小的物料的裁切。
本公开的一可选实施例中，所述裁切组件的动刀为可拆卸的方形刀具时，所述裁切组件对应的破碎区的下方设置有筛网6。
该实施例中，如图6所示，当至少两个破碎区的中任意一个破碎区中的裁切组件的动刀为方形刀具时，该破碎区的下方设置有筛网6，所述筛网6安装于破碎箱并在操作期间位置固定，当物料经过设置有方形刀具的破碎区破碎后，先经过该破碎区下方的筛网6进行筛选，符合目标尺寸要求的物料作为目标物料进入下级工序，而不符合尺寸要求的物料被方形刀具带动返回破碎区中进行再次破碎，直到符合目标尺寸的要求为止。
本公开的一具体实施例中，如图1所示，第一破碎区1可以包括一转子，第二破碎区2可以包括一转子，并且两转子上的动刀类型可以相同，但动刀的规格不同，能够实现不同尺寸物料的破碎。
本公开的一具体实施例中，如图2所示，在图1的实施例基础上，第一破碎区1可以增加一转子，即第一破碎区1包括两转子，第二破碎区2可以包括一转子，并且两破碎区内转子上的动刀类型可以相同，但动刀的规格不同。
本公开的一具体实施例中，如图3所示，第一破碎区1可以包括一转子，第二破碎区2可以包括一转子，并且两转子上的动刀类型不同，能够破碎不同性质的物料。
本公开的一具体实施例中，如图4所示，在图3的实施例基础上，第一破碎区1可以增加一转子，增加第一破碎区1的物料吞吐量，第二破碎区2可以包括一转子，并且两破碎区内转子上的动刀类型不同，能够破碎不同性质的物料。
本公开的一具体实施例中，如图5所示，该破碎箱内设置三个破碎区，三个破碎区均包括一转子，并且第一破碎区和第二破碎区内的转子上的动刀类型相同，但规格不同，第三破碎区内的转子上的动刀类型不同，三个破碎区能够分别破碎不同性质的物料。
在本申请的上述实施例中，至少有一个转子具有钩齿式刀具并且该转子对应的破碎区下方未设置筛网，并且具有方形刀具的转子下方可以设置筛网。
在本申请的上述实施例中，各转子独立作业，可以若干转子旋转同时其余转子静止，仅通过旋转的转子破碎。
以上所述仅是本公开的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视本公开的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种破碎机，包括破碎箱(4)，其特征在于，
    所述破碎箱(4)内设置有至少两个破碎区；
    所述至少两个破碎区中的每个破碎区中均设置有至少一个裁切组件；
    所述至少两个破碎区中的至少一个破碎区中的裁切组件与其它破碎区中的裁切组件不同；
    所述至少两个破碎区同时且独立破碎目标物料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的破碎机，其特征在于，每个所述破碎区对应各自的进料口。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的破碎机，其特征在于，所述裁切组件包括：
    安装于所述破碎箱(4)内的转子(9)；
    设置于所述转子(9)上的多个动刀(10)；
    设置于所述转子(9)两侧与所述动刀(10)对应的多个定刀(11)；以及
    驱动所述转子(9)旋转的驱动装置(5)；
    所述动刀(10)与所述定刀(11)配合实现对目标物料的撕扯、剪切和挤压。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的破碎机，其特征在于，所述至少两个破碎区中的所述动刀(10)的类型和规格中的至少一项不同。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的破碎机，其特征在于，所述至少两个破碎区中的所述定刀(11)的类型和规格中的至少一项不同。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的破碎机，其特征在于，所述至少两个破碎区中相邻两破碎区之间设有隔板(7)。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的破碎机，其特征在于，所述至少两个破碎区包括：
    第一破碎区(1)；以及
    与所述第一破碎区(1)并排设置的第二破碎区(2)；
    所述第一破碎区(1)中的裁切组件与所述第二破碎区(2)中的裁切组 件不同。
  8. 根据权利要求4或5所述的破碎机，其特征在于，所述至少两个破碎区包括：并排设置的第一破碎区(1)、第二破碎区(2)和第三破碎区(3)；
    所述第一破碎区(1)的中裁切组件、所述第二破碎区(2)中的裁切组件和第三破碎区(3)中的裁切组件不同。
  9. 根据权利要求4或5所述的破碎机，其特征在于，所述破碎区的动刀为钩齿式刀具，定刀为梳板。
  10. 根据权利要求4或5所述的破碎机，其特征在于，所述破碎区的动刀和定刀均为可拆卸的方形刀具。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的破碎机，其特征在于，所述破碎区的动刀为可拆卸的方形刀具时，该破碎区的下方设置有筛网(6)。
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