WO2023159286A1 - Building construction system with prefabricated blocks and guides and a cast-in-situ structure - Google Patents

Building construction system with prefabricated blocks and guides and a cast-in-situ structure Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023159286A1
WO2023159286A1 PCT/BR2023/050040 BR2023050040W WO2023159286A1 WO 2023159286 A1 WO2023159286 A1 WO 2023159286A1 BR 2023050040 W BR2023050040 W BR 2023050040W WO 2023159286 A1 WO2023159286 A1 WO 2023159286A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blocks
cah
wall
buc
horizontal guide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BR2023/050040
Other languages
French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Andre Luiz Francisco Da Silva VITAL
Original Assignee
Vital Andre Luiz Francisco Da Silva
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BR102022003482-6A external-priority patent/BR102022003482A2/en
Priority claimed from BR102022022990-2A external-priority patent/BR102022022990A2/en
Application filed by Vital Andre Luiz Francisco Da Silva filed Critical Vital Andre Luiz Francisco Da Silva
Publication of WO2023159286A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023159286A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/20—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/32—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/34—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/46—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/48—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a wall construction system, with application in the technical field of civil engineering, more specifically in the construction of dividing, structural or containment walls, bringing advantages in construction, increasing the economy of raw materials, reducing structural weight , increasing thermal and acoustic insulation, in addition to facilitating and speeding up construction.
  • Masonry (conventional or structural) with ceramic bricks, pressed bricks or concrete blocks are traditional systems that have as disadvantages the difficulty in keeping a work clean, the long execution time, the high weight of the wall (which requires foundations more expensive) and waste generation (cement); in addition, there is a high consumption of mortar for laying each block and also for later leveling the surface of the wall formed by joining the bricks. This is a time-consuming process, from aligning the first brick/block to applying the final finishing layer.
  • Concrete walls in turn, have a high weight of their own, demanding more expenses with foundations, and do not offer good thermal and acoustic insulation. Furthermore, such walls are not feasible on a small scale, in view of the high cost of the forms used for their execution.
  • the Steel Frame which is a constructive system formed by steel profiles covered by plates (cement, wood or drywall), has limitations regarding the number of floors (since it is self-supporting) and the difficulty of finding labor trained for its assembly. In addition, the cost of this system is high, as it is directly related to the value of steel, an input that is consumed in large quantities for structural support and fixation of the panels.
  • the Wood Frame differs from the Steel Frame by the structuring material, as it uses wood instead of steel profiles.
  • Such a system also has limitations in terms of weight, making the construction of multiple floors unfeasible (since it is self-supporting), as well as the lack of trained labor for its installation.
  • the periodic maintenance of the system over the years to avoid deterioration of the wood used can be mentioned as a disadvantage, and it is worth noting that the need for maintenance is unknown by many users, which creates serious risks to the integrity of the buildings. Walls with “sandwich panels” are relatively recent in civil construction.
  • the principle of sandwich panels consists of the combination of (i) two thin outer layers, consisting of a rigid and resistant material and (ii) an inner filling material, of reduced density and less resistance and rigidity” (Allen 1969, apud ALMEIDA , IA et al Structural behavior of composite sandwich panels for applications in the construction industry Magazine of the Portuguese Association for Experimental Stress Analysis - Experimental Mechanics, v. 19, p. 79-90, 2011. Available at: http:/ /www-ext.lnec.pt/APAET/pdf/Rev 19 A8.pdf. Accessed on 1/22/2022, at 4:00 pm). It is worth mentioning that lightweight concrete panels with EPS have gained prominence for providing satisfactory thermal and acoustic properties (CARBONARI et al, 2012).
  • the construction system with a monolithic panel with mesh stands out, in which the walls are built as follows: i) mixed panels of EPS (expanded polystyrene or “styrofoam” ) and steel meshes (POP mesh) are placed vertically, forming the alignment of the walls; ii) a first layer of roughcast is projected; iii) a second layer of industrial mortar (rendering) is applied; iv) regularization of the plaster is carried out.
  • This process results in a self-supporting monolithic set. ( Figures la, 1b and lc).
  • the system therefore consists of superimposing steel meshes (POP mesh) on each face of the EPS panel and plastering the surfaces with industrial mortar, forming an integrated set.
  • the monolithic mesh panel construction system has some disadvantages.
  • There is a high consumption of industrial mortar in the roughcasting and plastering process as the steel meshes, arranged throughout the wall, must receive a coating of 2 centimeters or more.
  • diagonal struts are needed to ensure the plumb line (verticalization of the panels).
  • Mortar consumption is even greater for correcting failures in the alignment and plumb line (verticality) of the panels, problems that are practically inevitable in the on-site assembly phase.
  • the interconnection of the meshes on one face with the other (forming a sandwich) also has flaws, putting the structuring of the set at risk. Failures in dimensioning, in the placement of additives in the mortar, and lack of reinforcement at critical points can lead to pathologies in buildings erected with this system, such as detachment of the mortar from the panel, cracks and bending of the walls.
  • French patent number FR2952660B 1 discloses a construction method using blocks with insulating materials on the inside and with a central channel on the top to incorporate structural reinforcement. This patent has the disadvantage of not having the versatility to interconnect the structural reinforcement both vertically and horizontally, in addition to the fact that there are no elements that facilitate the alignment between them, making the construction more difficult.
  • the French Patent EP2029827 discloses a constructive system using the sandwich concept, with blocks of light material of high density, with horizontal grooves to house possible reinforcement elements, preferably metallic.
  • the disadvantage of this revealed technology is that it needs to cut the blocks externally to house structural reinforcement elements, forming a horizontal belt, in addition to the need for a mesh internally and externally coating the block with cement or mortar across the face of the wall.
  • the Chinese patent CN105507452 presents a sandwich system with a Styrofoam block (EPS), with horizontal cavities to house reinforcement elements, it also reveals orthogonal slots for the connection between the two faces of the wall. Reinforcing elements are inserted into these to form a structure.
  • EPS Styrofoam block
  • This patent has the disadvantage of not having fitting elements between blocks, increasing construction time, in addition to having to use steel mesh with cement to coat the walls, both internally and externally.
  • “BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM WITH PREFABRICATED BLOCKS AND GUIDES AND MOLDED ON SITE STRUCTURE” object of the present invention patent represents an alternative to existing construction methods, overcoming existing disadvantages, inconveniences and limitations.
  • the new system is simple to assemble; using structural blocks with fitting systems, which, in addition to speeding up construction, form channels (vertical, horizontal and another orthogonal to the two), which are crossed by guides, avoiding errors in alignment and for structuring the wall; these channels, after being filled, form a structural skeleton and with the possibility of varying the composition of the set (varying the thickness of the bars, cables, beams and pillars formed); possibility of executing, in the same step, a finished/cladding wall.
  • the system now proposed brings benefits as it is more efficient, easy to implement and does not generate polluting waste to the environment. Furthermore, it encourages sustainability and recycling.
  • the interconnection of the meshes on one face with the other (forming a sandwich) is also facilitated, since the design of the blocks allows the formation of specific spaces (hollows) for this connection.
  • the dimensioning of the structure can be carried out with different gauges of iron, without the limitation of using only POP meshes available on the market (as in the case of walls with monolithic panels).
  • the system allows the installation of reinforcements in the critical points of the portico, and the set can become a self-supporting wall or even a retaining wall, associated or not with conventional reinforced concrete or steel structures that may exist.
  • Panel cores can be made from recycled material, encouraging the reuse of waste from the civil construction industry, especially leftover EPS and debris in general.
  • the core of the blocks offers thermal and acoustic insulation properties, if made up of materials such as: Elastomeric Foam; Rock Wool; Glass Wool for Thermal Insulation; Ceramic Fiber; Polystyrene; Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate; Calcium Silicate or other materials.
  • the material of the block also has the advantage of not allowing the percolation of water by capillarity (a common cause of infiltration in masonry walls).
  • Figure 1 represents an example of a wall containing the steel guides (both with the option in the vertical and horizontal position) installed and the beginning of the laying of the blocks (BL);
  • Figure 2 illustrates the perspective view of a construction with several stages of the process in progress
  • Figure 3 illustrates the top view and the front view of a wall in formation with the blocks, detailing the niches generated by the formats of the blocks (BL) and corner blocks (BUC), these cavities through which the vertical guide cables (CAV) pass ), horizontal guide cables (CAH) and steel bars (BA), and later they are filled with mortar and iron bars forming the portico (PO);
  • BL blocks
  • BUC corner blocks
  • CAV vertical guide cables
  • CAH horizontal guide cables
  • BA steel bars
  • Figure 4 illustrates the top view of the portico (PO) in formation and with the addition of mortar
  • Figure 5 Illustrates the space generated by the accommodation of the blocks that originate the portico (PO);
  • Figure 6 presents an enlarged example of how the frame (PO) is being formed in the spaces between the blocks (BL);
  • Figure 7 Illustrates the isometric view of the vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH), which form the guides that guide the formation of a wall;
  • CAV vertical guide cables
  • CAH horizontal guide cables
  • Figure 8 Illustrates the top view of the blocks, vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH), which form the guides that guide the formation of a wall;
  • CAV vertical guide cables
  • CAH horizontal guide cables
  • Figure 9 Illustrates the side view of the blocks, vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH), which form the guides that guide the formation of a wall;
  • CAV vertical guide cables
  • CAH horizontal guide cables
  • Figure 10 shows orthogonal views and an isometric block view (BL);
  • Figure 11 presents the orthogonal views and a corner block isometric view (BUC);
  • Figure 12 presents the orthogonal views and an isometric view of the female straight block (BLF);
  • Figure 13 presents the orthogonal views and an isometric view of the straight block with chamfers (BLC);
  • Figure 14 presents an isometric view of the formation of a wall with pre-existing pillars (VG);
  • Figure 15 presents a detail of the isometric view of the formation of a wall with pre-existing pillars (VG);
  • Figure 16 shows a side view of the formation of a wall with pre-existing pillars (VG); It is
  • Figure 17 presents a top view illustrating the coating plates (PR) coating the blocks (BL).
  • the invention refers to a wall construction system using: guide cables (which can be arranged vertically and named vertical guide cable (CAV) or be placed horizontally, called horizontal guide cable (CAH)) and pre-assembled blocks - molded (can be blocks (BL) or corner blocks (BUC)); that allow the formation of frames (PO), commonly called skeletons, from the application of mortar or concrete in the openings.
  • guide cables which can be arranged vertically and named vertical guide cable (CAV) or be placed horizontally, called horizontal guide cable (CAH)
  • CAH horizontal guide cable
  • pre-assembled blocks - molded can be blocks (BL) or corner blocks (BUC)
  • PO frames
  • the main elements of the invention are: i) The optimized structural dimensioning of the frames (PO) according to the design loads; ii) The use of horizontal guide cables (CAH) and vertical guide cables (CAV) to facilitate the laying of blocks (BL); iii) The use of precast blocks (BL) whose design leads to the formation of niches and empty spaces for the formation of the portico (PO); iv) Possibility of carrying out reinforcements with steel bars (BA) after laying the blocks (BL); It is v) Optimized frames (PO) consisting of a reinforced concrete structure or metallic structure, integrated with the vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH) used in the wall assembly.
  • the constructive system of a wall is equipped with straight blocks (BL), of cement, or conventional concrete, or cementitious plates or any other dense material, manufactured with the core constituted of light material, thermal and acoustic insulation, and may also be composed of leftover EPS and debris in general with a prismatic rectangular shape, containing a cavity with a rectangular prismatic shape on the left side face aligned with the lower edge, with a protrusion with a rectangular prismatic shape on the right side face aligned with the bottom edge, with a channel with a rectangular prismatic shape centered on the lower face, with a protrusion with a rectangular prismatic shape centered on the upper face, with channels centered on the front and rear faces, from the bottom to the top; corner blocks (BUC), cement, or conventional concrete, or cementitious plates or any other dense material, manufactured with a core made of light, thermal and acoustic insulating material, which may also be composed of leftovers of EPS and debris in general with an "L"-shaped polygonal shape, with a
  • the constructive system of a wall when there are pre-existing pillars is equipped with straight blocks (BL), female straight blocks (BLF), portico (PO); equipped with a vertical angle bracket (CV), metal with a low thickness “L” shape and with holes along both faces, arranged at the lateral ends from walls and fixed to pre-existing pillars (VG); equipped with a horizontal angle bracket (CH), metal in the shape of a low thickness “U”, arranged at the bottom and top of the wall.
  • the straight blocks (BL), female straight blocks (BLF) and corner blocks (BUC), can contain chamfers on the vertical edges that form the frame (PO), as illustrated in the chamfered straight block (BLC).
  • the optimized structural dimensioning of the frames (PO), according to the project loads, allows an increase in efficiency, since it is not necessary to use industrial mortar to cover the entire face of a wall, but only the frames (PO), a since the design of the block (BL) (which can be a sandwich panel) leaves the necessary and sufficient spaces for the steel bars (BA) (or tensioned cables, depending on the situation) and for the structural mortar. That is, filling is limited to the spaces (pre-defined in the project) for the formation of support frames (PO), whose hardware will receive the minimum coverage defined in the standard (2 cm).
  • the formation of the frames (PO) with the application of industrial mortar (or concrete) and integration of vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH) and steel bars (BA) to the structure means, on the one hand, the Optimized use of mortar and hardware (reinforcing only where required).
  • vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH) initially used for wall mounting, reducing labor costs, are integrated into the structure, as structural reinforcement.
  • the porticos (PO) can also be made with a metallic structure, instead of industrial mortar or concrete, therefore, allowing the construction of temporary works, which can be dismantled and reassembled in other places, with the use of materials, both the blocks (BL) as the profiles.
  • the reproduction of the invention is relatively simple.
  • the wall can be independent of pre-existing structural elements.
  • vertical angle brackets (CV) are installed at the ends of what will be the wall, duly plumbed. These vertical angles (CV) have holes to anchor the horizontal guide cables (CAH).
  • CAH horizontal guide cables
  • the frames for the frames (doors and windows) are positioned in previously defined gaps, after laying the blocks (BL). In these spans, the cables will be cut, after properly anchored in the gantry (PO), with the aid of a “cable press”, clamps or similar devices.
  • the wall can be built gradually with the execution of conventional concrete structures, including the new system can be associated with different types of shapes or hollow blocks, situation in which the vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH) are fixed directly on the structural elements of the building, through anchoring with hooks or anchor bolts.
  • CAV vertical guide cables
  • CAH horizontal guide cables
  • a corner block (BUC) is placed on one of the lateral ends of the wall; p2) A horizontal angle bracket (CH) is fixed to the floor, parallel to the corner block (BUC); p3) A line of straight blocks (BL) is laid, fitting in the corner block (BUC), and using the horizontal angle bracket (CH) as a guide, until reaching the total length of the wall to be built, respecting the size of the final corner block (BUC) and also respecting the doorways of the project; p4) Insert the corner block (BUC) using the fitting system for the blocks (BL) and (BC); p5) 4 steel bars (BA) are inserted, two in the first gaps formed by the fittings of the blocks (BL and BUC) at one end of the wall, and another two at the other end of the wall, the steel bars are arranged vertically on the inner and outer side of the wall; and are fixed in the gaps of the blocks (BL) and (BC) with mortar; powder) After the mortar has completely dried, the
  • the process of building a wall when there are already beams (VG), will obey the following sequence: fl)
  • the vertical angle brackets (CV) are fixed to the pre-existing pillars (VG) for the installation of horizontal guide cables (CAH); f2) It is fixed to the floor, aligning a horizontal angle (CH) parallel to the vertical angle (CV); f3) The horizontal guide cables (CAH) are stretched, with slight tension, anchored in the holes of the vertical angle brackets (CV); f4)
  • the first row of blocks (BL) is laid, fitting the blocks into the vertical angle bracket (CV) following the first row of horizontal guide cables (CAH), respecting the doorways of the project; f5) Fit the other rows of blocks (BL), always observing the alignment of the horizontal guide cables (CAH), up to the lower edge of the window opening; f6)
  • Temporary frames are installed in window and door openings;
  • the invention can be implemented, for example, in the construction of a single-family residence, whose construction process essentially follows the steps described above.
  • the surface of the wall will be regular and will allow the execution of the final finishing layer or application of coatings.
  • cladding plates ceramics, formica, stones, wood, plaster, etc.
  • PR cladding plates
  • This filling can be done in stages (filling in the gaps in each line of blocks raised) or done in a single step, as described in the paragraph below.
  • the wall will have a relative rigidity with the assembly of the blocks (BL) with their protrusions contained in the guide cables, it is possible to raise the entire wall without partially filling the niches, that is, with the porticos (PO) containing only hardware.

Abstract

The invention relates to a wall construction system, applicable in the technical field of civil engineering, more specifically in the construction of dividing, structural or containment walls, using cable guides (CAH) and pre-cast blocks (BL) that allow the formation of frames (PO) (skeletons) with the application of mortar or concrete into the openings, wherein the main elements include: the possibility of achieving an optimized structural design, according to the design loads; the use of guide cables (CAH) to facilitate the laying of blocks (BL); the possibility of integrating cable guides (CAH); the use of prefabricated blocks (BL) with specific designs for the formation of the frame (PO); the use of vertical or horizontal reinforcing steel bars (BA) after the laying of the blocks (BL); the formation of frames (PO) with the application of industrial mortar (or concrete); and the possibility of raising walls with cladding boards (PR).

Description

SISTEMA DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE EDIFICAÇÕES COM BLOCOS E GUIAS PRÉ- FABRICADOS E ESTRUTURA MOLDADA NO LOCAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM WITH PREFABRICATED BLOCKS AND GUIDES AND MOLDED ON SITE STRUCTURE
Campo da invenção field of invention
A presente invenção se refere a um sistema de construção de paredes, com aplicação no campo técnico da engenharia civil, mais especificamente na construção de paredes divisórias, estruturais ou de contenção, trazendo vantagens na construção, aumentando a economia de matéria prima, reduzindo peso estrutural, aumentando isolamento térmico e acústico, além de facilitar e deixar a construção mais rápida. The present invention refers to a wall construction system, with application in the technical field of civil engineering, more specifically in the construction of dividing, structural or containment walls, bringing advantages in construction, increasing the economy of raw materials, reducing structural weight , increasing thermal and acoustic insulation, in addition to facilitating and speeding up construction.
Fundamentos da invenção Fundamentals of the invention
Como é de conhecimento dos meios ligados à construção de paredes na construção civil, existem vários sistemas de elevação de paredes tais como: as alvenarias “convencionas” (com tijolos ou blocos de concreto); paredes de concreto; sistema Steel Frame e Wood Frame e, mais recentemente os sistemas com o uso de “painéis sanduíches”. As it is known by the means connected to the construction of walls in civil construction, there are several wall elevation systems such as: “conventional” masonry (with bricks or concrete blocks); concrete walls; Steel Frame and Wood Frame systems and, more recently, systems using “sandwich panels”.
Há problemas técnicos que ainda não foram solucionados pelo estado da técnica em cada um dos sistemas citados acima. There are technical problems that have not yet been solved by the state of the art in each of the systems mentioned above.
As alvenarias (convencional ou estrutural) com tijolos cerâmicos, tijolos prensados ou com blocos de concreto são sistemas tradicionais que têm como desvantagens a dificuldade em manter uma obra limpa, o elevado tempo de execução, o elevado peso próprio da parede (o que requer fundações mais caras) e a geração de resíduos (cimentícios); além disso, há um elevado consumo de argamassa para o assentamento de cada bloco e também para a posterior regularização da superfície da parede formada pela união dos tijolos. Trata-se de um processo moroso, desde o alinhamento do primeiro tijolo/bloco até a aplicação da camada final de acabamento. Masonry (conventional or structural) with ceramic bricks, pressed bricks or concrete blocks are traditional systems that have as disadvantages the difficulty in keeping a work clean, the long execution time, the high weight of the wall (which requires foundations more expensive) and waste generation (cement); in addition, there is a high consumption of mortar for laying each block and also for later leveling the surface of the wall formed by joining the bricks. This is a time-consuming process, from aligning the first brick/block to applying the final finishing layer.
As paredes de concreto, por sua vez, têm elevado peso próprio, demandando mais despesas com fundações, não oferecem bom isolamento térmico e acústico. Além disso, tais paredes não são viáveis em pequena escala, tendo em vista o elevado custo das formas utilizadas para a sua execução. Concrete walls, in turn, have a high weight of their own, demanding more expenses with foundations, and do not offer good thermal and acoustic insulation. Furthermore, such walls are not feasible on a small scale, in view of the high cost of the forms used for their execution.
O Steel Frame, que é um sistema construtivo formado por perfis de aço cobertos por placas (cimentícias, de madeira ou gesso acartonado), tem limitações quanto ao número de pavimentos (por ser autoportante) e pela dificuldade de se encontrar mão-de-obra treinada para a sua montagem. Além disso, o custo desse sistema é alto, pois está diretamente relacional ao valor do aço, insumo esse consumido em grande quantidade para a sustentação estrutural e fixação dos painéis. The Steel Frame, which is a constructive system formed by steel profiles covered by plates (cement, wood or drywall), has limitations regarding the number of floors (since it is self-supporting) and the difficulty of finding labor trained for its assembly. In addition, the cost of this system is high, as it is directly related to the value of steel, an input that is consumed in large quantities for structural support and fixation of the panels.
O Wood Frame, por sua vez, se diferencia do Steel Frame pelo material de estruturação, pois utiliza a madeira no lugar dos perfis de aço. Tal sistema também tem limitações quanto peso, inviabilizando a construção de múltiplos pavimentos (por ser autoportante), bem como quanto à falta de mão-de-obra treinada para a sua instalação. Além disso, pode-se citar como desvantagem a manutenção periódica do sistema ao longo dos anos para evitar a deterioração da madeira empregada, valendo destacar que a necessidade de manutenção é desconhecida por muitos usuários, o que gera sérios riscos à integridade das edificações. As paredes com “painéis sanduíches” são relativamente recentes dentro da construção civil. “O princípio dos painéis sanduíche consiste na combinação de (i) duas lâminas finas exteriores, constituídas por um material rígido e resistente e (ii) um material de enchimento interior, de reduzida densidade e menor resistência e rigidez” (Allen 1969, apud ALMEIDA, I. A. et. al. Comportamento estrutural de painéis sanduíche compósitos para aplicações na indústria da construção. Revista da Associação Portuguesa de Análise Experimental de Tensões - Mecânica Experimental, v. 19, p. 79-90, 2011. Disponível em: http://www-ext.lnec.pt/APAET/pdf/Rev 19 A8.pdf. Acessado em 22/1/2022, às 16:00h). Vale citar que os painéis de concreto leve com EPS têm ganhado relevo por proporcionar propriedades térmicas e acústicas satisfatórias (CARBONARI et al, 2012). The Wood Frame, in turn, differs from the Steel Frame by the structuring material, as it uses wood instead of steel profiles. Such a system also has limitations in terms of weight, making the construction of multiple floors unfeasible (since it is self-supporting), as well as the lack of trained labor for its installation. In addition, the periodic maintenance of the system over the years to avoid deterioration of the wood used can be mentioned as a disadvantage, and it is worth noting that the need for maintenance is unknown by many users, which creates serious risks to the integrity of the buildings. Walls with “sandwich panels” are relatively recent in civil construction. “The principle of sandwich panels consists of the combination of (i) two thin outer layers, consisting of a rigid and resistant material and (ii) an inner filling material, of reduced density and less resistance and rigidity” (Allen 1969, apud ALMEIDA , IA et al Structural behavior of composite sandwich panels for applications in the construction industry Magazine of the Portuguese Association for Experimental Stress Analysis - Experimental Mechanics, v. 19, p. 79-90, 2011. Available at: http:/ /www-ext.lnec.pt/APAET/pdf/Rev 19 A8.pdf. Accessed on 1/22/2022, at 4:00 pm). It is worth mentioning that lightweight concrete panels with EPS have gained prominence for providing satisfactory thermal and acoustic properties (CARBONARI et al, 2012).
No grupo dos painéis sanduíches se destaca o sistema de construção com painel monolítico com malha (popularmente conhecido como “parede de isopor”), em que as paredes são construídas da seguinte maneira: i) painéis mistos de EPS (poliestireno expandido ou “isopor”) e malhas de aço (malha POP) são colocados verticalmente, formando o alinhamento das paredes; ii) projeta-se (lança-se) uma primeira camada de chapisco; iii) lança-se uma segunda camadas de argamassa industrial (reboco); iv) realiza-se a regularização do reboco. Desse processo resulta um conjunto monolítico autoportante. (Figuras la, 1b e lc). O sistema consiste, portanto, em sobrepor malhas de aço (malha POP) em cada face do painel de EPS e rebocar as superfícies com argamassa industrial, formando um conjunto integrado. In the group of sandwich panels, the construction system with a monolithic panel with mesh (popularly known as “styrofoam wall”) stands out, in which the walls are built as follows: i) mixed panels of EPS (expanded polystyrene or “styrofoam” ) and steel meshes (POP mesh) are placed vertically, forming the alignment of the walls; ii) a first layer of roughcast is projected; iii) a second layer of industrial mortar (rendering) is applied; iv) regularization of the plaster is carried out. This process results in a self-supporting monolithic set. (Figures la, 1b and lc). The system therefore consists of superimposing steel meshes (POP mesh) on each face of the EPS panel and plastering the surfaces with industrial mortar, forming an integrated set.
Apesar das vantagens em relação à alvenaria convencional, o sistema de construção com painel monolítico com malha apresenta algumas desvantagens. Há elevado consumo de argamassa industrial no processo de chapisco e reboco, pois as malhas de aço, dispostas em toda a parede, devem receber um recobrimento de 2 centímetros ou mais. Requer também mão-de-obra treinada, pois o processo de alinhamento e prumo dos painéis é trabalhoso, sendo necessário posicionar, provisoriamente, réguas horizontais nas duas faces dos painéis, transpassando o EPS com arame para solarização de uma régua na outra. Além disso, são necessárias escoras na diagonal, de modo a garantir o prumo (verticalização dos painéis). O consumo de argamassa é ainda maior para a correção das falhas no alinhamento e no prumo (verticalidade) dos painéis, problemas praticamente inevitáveis na fase de montagem in loco. A interconexão das malhas de uma face com a outra (formando um sanduíche) também apresenta falhas, colocando em risco a estruturação do conjunto. Falhas no dimensionamento, na colocação de aditivos na argamassa, e falta de reforços nos pontos críticos podem levar a patologias nas edificações erigidas com esse sistema, tais como o descolamento da argamassa do painel, trincas e a flexão das paredes. Despite the advantages over conventional masonry, the monolithic mesh panel construction system has some disadvantages. There is a high consumption of industrial mortar in the roughcasting and plastering process, as the steel meshes, arranged throughout the wall, must receive a coating of 2 centimeters or more. It also requires trained labor, as the process of aligning and plumbing the panels is laborious, making it necessary to provisionally position horizontal rulers on both sides of the panels, crossing the EPS with wire to solarize one ruler on the other. In addition, diagonal struts are needed to ensure the plumb line (verticalization of the panels). Mortar consumption is even greater for correcting failures in the alignment and plumb line (verticality) of the panels, problems that are practically inevitable in the on-site assembly phase. The interconnection of the meshes on one face with the other (forming a sandwich) also has flaws, putting the structuring of the set at risk. Failures in dimensioning, in the placement of additives in the mortar, and lack of reinforcement at critical points can lead to pathologies in buildings erected with this system, such as detachment of the mortar from the panel, cracks and bending of the walls.
Fazendo-se buscas nos bancos de patentes brasileiro e internacional, foram encontradas as seguintes revelações. Searching the Brazilian and international patent databases, the following revelations were found.
A patente francesa de número FR2952660B 1 revela um método de construção utilizando blocos com materiais isolantes na parte interna e com um canal central na parte superior para incorporar um reforço estrutural. Esta patente possui a desvantagem de não ter a versatilidade de interligar o reforço estrutural tanto na vertical como na horizontal, além de que não existe elementos que facilitem o alinhamento entre os mesmos, fazendo com que a construção tenha uma dificuldade maior. A Patente francesa EP2029827 revela um sistema construtivo utilizando o conceito de sanduíche, com blocos de material leve de alta densidade, com ranhuras na horizontal para abrigar possíveis elementos de reforço, preferencialmente metálicos. A desvantagem desta tecnologia revelada é que necessita cortar externamente os blocos para abrigar elementos estruturais de reforço, formando uma cinta horizontal, além de que necessita de uma malha revestindo internamente e externamente o bloco com cimento ou argamassa em toda a face da parede. French patent number FR2952660B 1 discloses a construction method using blocks with insulating materials on the inside and with a central channel on the top to incorporate structural reinforcement. This patent has the disadvantage of not having the versatility to interconnect the structural reinforcement both vertically and horizontally, in addition to the fact that there are no elements that facilitate the alignment between them, making the construction more difficult. The French Patent EP2029827 discloses a constructive system using the sandwich concept, with blocks of light material of high density, with horizontal grooves to house possible reinforcement elements, preferably metallic. The disadvantage of this revealed technology is that it needs to cut the blocks externally to house structural reinforcement elements, forming a horizontal belt, in addition to the need for a mesh internally and externally coating the block with cement or mortar across the face of the wall.
A patente chinesa CN105507452 apresenta um sistema de sanduíche com um bloco de isopor (EPS), com cavidades horizontais para abrigar elementos de reforço, também revela rasgos ortogonais para a conexão entre as duas faces da parede. Nestes é inserido elementos de reforço para formar uma estrutura. Esta patente possui a desvantagem de não possuir elementos de encaixe entre blocos, aumentando o tempo de construção, além de ter que utilizar malhas de aço com cimento para revestir as paredes, tanto internamente quanto externamente. The Chinese patent CN105507452 presents a sandwich system with a Styrofoam block (EPS), with horizontal cavities to house reinforcement elements, it also reveals orthogonal slots for the connection between the two faces of the wall. Reinforcing elements are inserted into these to form a structure. This patent has the disadvantage of not having fitting elements between blocks, increasing construction time, in addition to having to use steel mesh with cement to coat the walls, both internally and externally.
“SISTEMA DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE EDIFICAÇÕES COM BLOCOS E GUIAS PRÉ- FABRICADOS E ESTRUTURA MOLDADA NO LOCAL” objeto da presente patente de invenção representa uma alternativa aos métodos de construção existentes, superando as desvantagens, inconvenientes e limitações existentes. O novo sistema apresenta simplicidade na montagem; utilizando-se de blocos estruturais com sistemas de encaixe, que além de agilizar a construção formam canais (vertical, horizontal e outro ortogonal aos dois), que são transpassados por guias, evitando erros de alinhamento e para a estruturação da parede; estes canais após serem preenchidos, formam um esqueleto estrutural e com a possibilidade de variar a composição do conjunto (variando as espessuras das barras, cabos, vigas e pilares formados); possibilidade de executar, na mesma etapa, uma parede com acabamento/revestimento. “BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM WITH PREFABRICATED BLOCKS AND GUIDES AND MOLDED ON SITE STRUCTURE” object of the present invention patent represents an alternative to existing construction methods, overcoming existing disadvantages, inconveniences and limitations. The new system is simple to assemble; using structural blocks with fitting systems, which, in addition to speeding up construction, form channels (vertical, horizontal and another orthogonal to the two), which are crossed by guides, avoiding errors in alignment and for structuring the wall; these channels, after being filled, form a structural skeleton and with the possibility of varying the composition of the set (varying the thickness of the bars, cables, beams and pillars formed); possibility of executing, in the same step, a finished/cladding wall.
O sistema ora proposto, pois, traz benefícios por ser mais eficiente, ser fácil de executar e não gerar resíduos poluidores ao meio-ambiente. Ademais, estimula a sustentabilidade e a reciclagem. The system now proposed, therefore, brings benefits as it is more efficient, easy to implement and does not generate polluting waste to the environment. Furthermore, it encourages sustainability and recycling.
Quanto à eficiência, pode-se destacar que o consumo de argamassa industrial é reduzido, na medida em que os painéis são pré-moldados e o preenchimento na obra se limita aos espaços (nichos pré-definidos no projeto) de formação dos pórticos de sustentação, cujas ferragens receberão o recobrimento mínimo definido em norma (2 cm, no caso brasileiro). Há baixa complexidade na montagem, pois o sistema usa cabos-guia, que serão posteriormente integrados à estrutura dos pórticos. Também utiliza blocos, no lugar de grandes painéis verticais, dispensando o uso de réguas horizontais nas duas faces dos painéis ou de escoras na diagonal. A montagem dos blocos com auxílio das guias diminui o problema de desalinhamento e falta de prumo, reduzindo o consumo de argamassa para a correção das falhas na verticalidade e alinhamento das paredes. A interconexão das malhas de uma face com a outra (formando um sanduíche) também é facilitado, uma vez que o desenho dos blocos permite a formação de espaços (vazados) específicos para essa ligação. O dimensionamento da estrutura pode ser realizado com diferentes bitolas de ferros, sem a limitação de utilizar somente as malhas POP disponíveis no mercado (como ocorre no caso das paredes com painéis monolíticos). O sistema permite a instalação de reforços nos pontos críticos do pórtico, podendo o conjunto se tornar uma parede autoportante ou mesmo uma parede de contenção, associada ou não a estruturas convencionais de concreto armado ou de aço eventualmente existentes. As for efficiency, it can be noted that the consumption of industrial mortar is reduced, as the panels are pre-molded and filling in the work is limited to spaces (pre-defined niches in the project) for the formation of support frames , whose hardware will receive the minimum coating defined in the standard (2 cm, in the Brazilian case). There is low complexity in assembly, as the system uses guide cables, which will later be integrated into the structure of the gantry cranes. It also uses blocks, instead of large vertical panels, dispensing with the use of horizontal rulers on both sides of the panels or diagonal props. The assembly of the blocks with the help of the guides reduces the problem of misalignment and lack of plumb, reducing the consumption of mortar to correct flaws in the verticality and alignment of the walls. The interconnection of the meshes on one face with the other (forming a sandwich) is also facilitated, since the design of the blocks allows the formation of specific spaces (hollows) for this connection. The dimensioning of the structure can be carried out with different gauges of iron, without the limitation of using only POP meshes available on the market (as in the case of walls with monolithic panels). The system allows the installation of reinforcements in the critical points of the portico, and the set can become a self-supporting wall or even a retaining wall, associated or not with conventional reinforced concrete or steel structures that may exist.
Há grande versatilidade no sistema ora proposto, que poderá ser utilizado em pequenas ou em grandes estruturas, uma vez que o dimensionamento dos pórticos pode ocorrer de maneira diferenciada em cada face, a depender dos esforços. Além disso, as guias de aço (posteriormente integradas à estrutura) poderão trabalhar comprimidas ou tracionadas (inclusive protendidas). There is great versatility in the proposed system, which can be used in small or large structures, since the sizing of the frames can occur differently on each face, depending on the efforts. In addition, the steel guides (later integrated into the structure) can work in compression or tension (including prestressing).
Vale citar que também é possível formar os pórticos com estrutura metálica fixa ou removível (no lugar de argamassa industrial ou concreto). Essas estruturas com perfis de aço, portanto, permite a construção de obras provisórias, as quais poderão ser desmontadas e remontadas em outros locais, com o aproveitamento dos materiais, tanto os blocos quanto o pórtico. It is worth mentioning that it is also possible to form the frames with a fixed or removable metallic structure (instead of industrial mortar or concrete). These structures with steel profiles, therefore, allow the construction of temporary works, which can be dismantled and reassembled in other places, with the use of materials, both the blocks and the portico.
Ainda sobre a versatilidade, é possível realizar o assentamento de revestimentos (cerâmica, fórmica, pedras, madeira, gesso, etc) diretamente sobre os blocos, antes do preenchimento dos nichos, formando formas fechadas para o preenchimento do pórtico. Desse modo, a parede pode ser construída já com o acabamento final. Still on the subject of versatility, it is possible to install coatings (ceramic, formica, stone, wood, plaster, etc.) directly on the blocks, before filling the niches, forming closed shapes for filling the portico. In this way, the wall can be built already with the final finish.
Os miolos dos painéis podem ser feitos com material reciclado, estimulando o reaproveitamento de resíduos oriundos da indústria da construção civil, especialmente as sobras de EPS e entulhos em geral. Panel cores can be made from recycled material, encouraging the reuse of waste from the civil construction industry, especially leftover EPS and debris in general.
Vale destacar que o miolo dos blocos oferece as propriedades de isolamento térmico e acústico, se constituído por materiais tais como: Espuma Elastomérica; Lã de Rocha; Lã de Vidro para Isolamento Térmico; Fibra Cerâmica; Isopor; Poliuretano e Poliisocianurato; Silicato de Cálcio ou outros materiais. O material do bloco também traz como vantagens não permitir a percolação da água por capilaridade (causa comum de infiltração nas das paredes de alvenaria). It is worth noting that the core of the blocks offers thermal and acoustic insulation properties, if made up of materials such as: Elastomeric Foam; Rock Wool; Glass Wool for Thermal Insulation; Ceramic Fiber; Polystyrene; Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate; Calcium Silicate or other materials. The material of the block also has the advantage of not allowing the percolation of water by capillarity (a common cause of infiltration in masonry walls).
Breve descrição dos desenhos Brief description of the drawings
Para a melhor compreensão do invento são anexadas as seguintes figuras: For a better understanding of the invention, the following figures are attached:
A Figura 1 apresenta representa um exemplo de parede contendo as guias de aço (tanto com a opção na posição vertical quanto horizontal) instaladas e o início do assentamento dos blocos (BL); Figure 1 represents an example of a wall containing the steel guides (both with the option in the vertical and horizontal position) installed and the beginning of the laying of the blocks (BL);
A Figura 2 ilustra a vista em perspectiva de uma construção com várias etapas do processo em andamento; Figure 2 illustrates the perspective view of a construction with several stages of the process in progress;
A Figura 3 ilustra a vista superior e a vista frontal de uma parede em formação com os blocos, detalhando os nichos gerados pelos formatos dos blocos (BL) e blocos de canto (BUC), estas cavidades por onde passam os cabos guias verticais (CAV), cabos guias horizontais (CAH) e barras de aço (BA), e posteriormente são preenchidos por argamassa e barras de ferro formando o pórtico (PO); Figure 3 illustrates the top view and the front view of a wall in formation with the blocks, detailing the niches generated by the formats of the blocks (BL) and corner blocks (BUC), these cavities through which the vertical guide cables (CAV) pass ), horizontal guide cables (CAH) and steel bars (BA), and later they are filled with mortar and iron bars forming the portico (PO);
A Figura 4 ilustra a vista superior do pórtico (PO) em formação e com adição de argamassa;Figure 4 illustrates the top view of the portico (PO) in formation and with the addition of mortar;
A Figura 5 Ilustra o espaço gerado pela acomodação dos blocos que originam o pórtico (PO);Figure 5 Illustrates the space generated by the accommodation of the blocks that originate the portico (PO);
A Figura 6 apresenta um exemplo ampliado de como o pórtico (PO) vai sendo formado nos espaços entre os blocos (BL); A Figura 7 Ilustra a vista isométrica dos cabos guias verticais (CAV) e cabos guias horizontais (CAH), que formam os guias que orientam a formação de uma parede; Figure 6 presents an enlarged example of how the frame (PO) is being formed in the spaces between the blocks (BL); Figure 7 Illustrates the isometric view of the vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH), which form the guides that guide the formation of a wall;
A Figura 8 Ilustra a vista superior dos blocos, dos cabos guias verticais (CAV) e cabos guias horizontais (CAH), que formam os guias que orientam a formação de uma parede; Figure 8 Illustrates the top view of the blocks, vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH), which form the guides that guide the formation of a wall;
A Figura 9 Ilustra a vista lateral dos blocos, dos cabos guias verticais (CAV) e cabos guias horizontais (CAH), que formam os guias que orientam a formação de uma parede; Figure 9 Illustrates the side view of the blocks, vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH), which form the guides that guide the formation of a wall;
A Figura 10 apresenta as vistas ortogonais e uma vista isométrica de bloco (BL); Figure 10 shows orthogonal views and an isometric block view (BL);
A Figura 11 apresenta as vistas ortogonais e uma vista isométrica de bloco de canto (BUC);Figure 11 presents the orthogonal views and a corner block isometric view (BUC);
A Figura 12 apresenta as vistas ortogonais e uma vista isométrica de bloco reto fêmea (BLF);Figure 12 presents the orthogonal views and an isometric view of the female straight block (BLF);
A Figura 13 apresenta as vistas ortogonais e uma vista isométrica de bloco reto com chanfros (BLC); Figure 13 presents the orthogonal views and an isometric view of the straight block with chamfers (BLC);
A Figura 14 apresenta a vista isométrica da formação de uma parede com pilares pré existentes (VG); Figure 14 presents an isometric view of the formation of a wall with pre-existing pillars (VG);
A Figura 15 apresenta um detalhe da vista isométrica da formação de uma parede com pilares pré existentes (VG); Figure 15 presents a detail of the isometric view of the formation of a wall with pre-existing pillars (VG);
A Figura 16 apresenta uma vista lateral da formação de uma parede com pilares pré existentes (VG); e Figure 16 shows a side view of the formation of a wall with pre-existing pillars (VG); It is
A Figura 17 apresenta uma vista superior ilustrando as placas de revestimento (PR) revestindo os blocos (BL). Figure 17 presents a top view illustrating the coating plates (PR) coating the blocks (BL).
Descrição da invenção Description of the invention
A invenção refere-se a um sistema de construção de paredes utilizando: cabos-guias (podendo ser disposto na vertical e nomeado de cabo guia vertical (CAV) ou ser disposto na horizontal, chamado de cabo guia horizontal (CAH)) e blocos pré-moldados (podendo ser blocos (BL) ou blocos de canto (BUC)); que permitem a formação de pórticos (PO), comumente chamados de esqueletos, a partir da aplicação de argamassa ou de concreto nas aberturas. The invention refers to a wall construction system using: guide cables (which can be arranged vertically and named vertical guide cable (CAV) or be placed horizontally, called horizontal guide cable (CAH)) and pre-assembled blocks - molded (can be blocks (BL) or corner blocks (BUC)); that allow the formation of frames (PO), commonly called skeletons, from the application of mortar or concrete in the openings.
Constituem os principais elementos da invenção: i) O dimensionamento estrutural otimizado dos pórticos (PO) de acordo com as cargas de projeto; ii) O uso de cabos guias horizontais (CAH) e cabos guias verticais (CAV) para facilitar o assentamento dos blocos (BL); iii) O uso de blocos (BL) pré-moldados cujo desenho leva à formação de nichos e espaços vazados para a formação do pórtico (PO); iv) Possibilidade de execução de reforços com barras de aço (BA) após o assentamento dos blocos (BL); e v) pórticos (PO) otimizados constituídos de estrutura de concreto armado ou estrutura metálica, integrado aos cabos guias verticais (CAV) e cabos guias horizontais (CAH) utilizados na montagem da parede. The main elements of the invention are: i) The optimized structural dimensioning of the frames (PO) according to the design loads; ii) The use of horizontal guide cables (CAH) and vertical guide cables (CAV) to facilitate the laying of blocks (BL); iii) The use of precast blocks (BL) whose design leads to the formation of niches and empty spaces for the formation of the portico (PO); iv) Possibility of carrying out reinforcements with steel bars (BA) after laying the blocks (BL); It is v) Optimized frames (PO) consisting of a reinforced concrete structure or metallic structure, integrated with the vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH) used in the wall assembly.
O Sistema construtivo de uma parede é dotado de blocos retos (BL), de cimento, ou concreto convencional, ou placas cimentícias ou qualquer outro material denso, fabricados com o miolo constituído de material leve, isolante térmico e acústico, podendo ser composto também de sobras de EPS e entulhos em geral com formato prismático retangular, contendo cavidade com formato prismático retangular na face lateral esquerda alinhada com a aresta inferior, com saliência com formato prismático retangular na face lateral direita alinhada com a aresta inferior, com canal com formato prismático retangular centralizada na face inferior, com saliência com formato prismático retangular centralizada na face superior, com canais centralizados nas faces frontais e traseiras, desde a parte inferior até a parte superior; de blocos de canto (BUC), de cimento, ou concreto convencional, ou placas cimentícias ou qualquer outro material denso, fabricados com o miolo constituído de material leve, isolante térmico e acústico, podendo ser composto também de sobras de EPS e entulhos em geral com formato poligonal em formato em “L”, com saliência de formato prismático retangular na face da extremidade de maior tamanho e alinhada com a aresta inferior, com cavidade de formato prismático retangular na face da outra extremidade centralizada e alinhada com a aresta inferior, com recorte de formato prismático quadrado centralizado em ambas as faces das laterais de maior tamanho; de blocos retos fêmea (BLF), de cimento, ou concreto convencional, ou placas cimentícias ou qualquer outro material denso, fabricados com o miolo constituído de material leve, isolante térmico e acústico, podendo ser composto também de sobras de EPS e entulhos em geral com formato prismático retangular, contendo cavidade de formato prismático retangular na face lateral esquerda alinhada com a aresta inferior, com saliência de formato prismático retangular na face lateral direita alinhada com a aresta inferior, com canal de formato prismático retangular centralizada na face inferior, com canal de formato prismático retangular centralizada na face superior, com canais de formato prismático quadrado centralizados nas faces frontais e traseiras, desde a parte inferior até a parte superior; de pórtico (PO), composto formado pelo preenchimento dos vãos formados pelos blocos retos (BL) ou blocos retos fêmea (BLF) e/ou blocos de canto (BUC), e formado por barra de aço (BA), com formato cilíndrico e com diâmetro variável de acordo com o projeto, formado por cabo guia vertical (CAV), de aço com espessura variando de acordo com a especificação de cada projeto; dotado de cabo guia horizontal (CAH) de aço com espessura variando de acordo com a especificação de cada projeto; formado por união de travamento (ITC) de arame ou cabo metálico, com formato de oblongo, disposta nos nichos dos blocos (BL) e unindo barras de aço (BA) de faces opostas de uma parede ou unindo cabos guias verticais (CAV) ou guias horizontais (CAH). The constructive system of a wall is equipped with straight blocks (BL), of cement, or conventional concrete, or cementitious plates or any other dense material, manufactured with the core constituted of light material, thermal and acoustic insulation, and may also be composed of leftover EPS and debris in general with a prismatic rectangular shape, containing a cavity with a rectangular prismatic shape on the left side face aligned with the lower edge, with a protrusion with a rectangular prismatic shape on the right side face aligned with the bottom edge, with a channel with a rectangular prismatic shape centered on the lower face, with a protrusion with a rectangular prismatic shape centered on the upper face, with channels centered on the front and rear faces, from the bottom to the top; corner blocks (BUC), cement, or conventional concrete, or cementitious plates or any other dense material, manufactured with a core made of light, thermal and acoustic insulating material, which may also be composed of leftovers of EPS and debris in general with an "L"-shaped polygonal shape, with a rectangular prismatic protrusion on the larger end face and aligned with the lower edge, with a rectangular prismatic shaped cavity on the other end face centered and aligned with the lower edge, with square prismatic cutout centered on both faces of the larger sides; of female straight blocks (BLF), of cement, or conventional concrete, or cementitious plates or any other dense material, manufactured with a core made of light, thermal and acoustic insulating material, and may also be composed of leftovers of EPS and debris in general with rectangular prismatic shape, containing rectangular prismatic shaped cavity on the left side face aligned with the bottom edge, with rectangular prismatic shaped protrusion on the right side face aligned with the bottom edge, with rectangular prismatic shaped channel centered on the bottom face, with channel rectangular prismatic shape centered on the upper face, with square prismatic shaped channels centered on the front and rear faces, from the bottom to the top; of portico (PO), formed by filling the gaps formed by straight blocks (BL) or female straight blocks (BLF) and/or corner blocks (BUC), and formed by steel bar (BA), with cylindrical shape and with a variable diameter according to the project, formed by a vertical guide cable (CAV), made of steel with thickness varying according to the specification of each project; equipped with a steel horizontal guide cable (CAH) with thickness varying according to the specification of each project; formed by locking union (ITC) of wire or metal cable, with an oblong shape, arranged in the niches of the blocks (BL) and joining steel bars (BA) on opposite sides of a wall or joining vertical guide cables (CAV) or horizontal guides (CAH).
O Sistema construtivo de uma parede quando há pilares pré existentes (VG) é dotado de blocos retos (BL), de blocos retos fêmea (BLF), de pórtico (PO); dotado de cantoneira vertical (CV), metálica com formato de “L” de baixa espessura e com furos ao longo das duas faces, disposta nas extremidades laterais das paredes e fixadas nos pilares pré existentes (VG); dotado de cantoneira horizontal (CH), metálica com formato de “U” de baixa espessura, disposta na parte inferior e na parte superior da parede. The constructive system of a wall when there are pre-existing pillars (VG) is equipped with straight blocks (BL), female straight blocks (BLF), portico (PO); equipped with a vertical angle bracket (CV), metal with a low thickness “L” shape and with holes along both faces, arranged at the lateral ends from walls and fixed to pre-existing pillars (VG); equipped with a horizontal angle bracket (CH), metal in the shape of a low thickness “U”, arranged at the bottom and top of the wall.
Opcionalmente em regiões que possuem condições climáticas severas, os blocos retos (BL), blocos retos fêmea (BLF) e blocos de canto (BUC), podem conter chanfros nas arestas verticais que formam o pórtico (PO), como ilustrado no bloco reto chanfrado (BLC). Optionally in regions that have severe weather conditions, the straight blocks (BL), female straight blocks (BLF) and corner blocks (BUC), can contain chamfers on the vertical edges that form the frame (PO), as illustrated in the chamfered straight block (BLC).
O dimensionamento estrutural otimizado dos pórticos (PO), de acordo com as cargas de projeto, permite um aumento da eficiência, pois não é necessário o uso de argamassa industrial para cobrir toda face de uma parede, mas somente os pórticos (PO), uma vez que o desenho do bloco (BL) (que pode ser um painel sanduiche) deixa os espaços necessários e suficientes para as barras de aço (BA) (ou cabos tracionados, dependendo da situação) e para a argamassa estrutural. Ou seja, o preenchimento limita-se aos espaços (pré-definidos no projeto) de formação dos pórticos (PO) de sustentação, cujas ferragens receberão o recobrimento mínimo definido em norma (2 cm). The optimized structural dimensioning of the frames (PO), according to the project loads, allows an increase in efficiency, since it is not necessary to use industrial mortar to cover the entire face of a wall, but only the frames (PO), a since the design of the block (BL) (which can be a sandwich panel) leaves the necessary and sufficient spaces for the steel bars (BA) (or tensioned cables, depending on the situation) and for the structural mortar. That is, filling is limited to the spaces (pre-defined in the project) for the formation of support frames (PO), whose hardware will receive the minimum coverage defined in the standard (2 cm).
O uso de cabos guias verticais (CAV) e cabos guias horizontais (CAH) para facilitar o assentamento dos blocos (BL) representa uma menor complexidade na montagem. Uma vez instalados os cabos, esticados entre as cantoneiras verticais (CV) nos extremos da parede ou ancorados nas barras de aço (BA) dispostas nas extremidades da parede, dispensa-se o uso de prumo e nível a cada fiada de bloco (BL), bastando seguir o alinhamento das guias. Tais cabos-guia serão posteriormente integrados à estrutura dos pórticos (PO). The use of vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH) to facilitate the placement of the blocks (BL) represents a lower complexity in the assembly. Once the cables are installed, stretched between the vertical angle brackets (CV) at the ends of the wall or anchored to the steel bars (BA) placed at the ends of the wall, the use of a plumb bob and level is no longer necessary for each row of blocks (BL) , just follow the alignment of the guides. Such guide cables will later be integrated into the structure of the gantry cranes (PO).
O uso de reforços de barras de aço (BA) verticais ou horizontais após o assentamento dos blocos (BL) significa que o dimensionamento da estrutura pode ser realizado com diferentes bitolas de ferros, sem a limitação de utilizar somente as malhas POP disponíveis no mercado. Desse modo, o sistema permite a instalação de reforços nos pontos críticos do pórtico (PO), podendo o conjunto se tornar uma parede autoportante ou mesmo uma parede de contenção, associada a estruturas convencionais de concreto armado ou de aço. The use of vertical or horizontal steel bars (BA) reinforcements after laying the blocks (BL) means that the design of the structure can be carried out with different gauges of iron, without the limitation of using only the POP meshes available on the market. In this way, the system allows the installation of reinforcements in the critical points of the frame (PO), and the set can become a self-supporting wall or even a retaining wall, associated with conventional reinforced concrete or steel structures.
A formação dos pórticos (PO) com a aplicação da argamassa industrial (ou concreto) e integração dos cabos guias verticais (CAV) e cabos guias horizontais (CAH) e das barras de aço (BA) à estrutura significa, por um lado, o uso otimizado da argamassa e de ferragem (reforçando somente nos locais demandados). Por outro lado, os cabos guias verticais (CAV) e cabos guias horizontais (CAH), inicialmente usados para a montagem da parede, diminuindo o custo de mão-de-obra, se integram à estrutura, como reforço estrutural. The formation of the frames (PO) with the application of industrial mortar (or concrete) and integration of vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH) and steel bars (BA) to the structure means, on the one hand, the Optimized use of mortar and hardware (reinforcing only where required). On the other hand, vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH), initially used for wall mounting, reducing labor costs, are integrated into the structure, as structural reinforcement.
Os pórticos (PO) também podem ser feitos com estrutura metálica, no lugar de argamassa industrial ou concreto, portanto, permitindo a construção de obras provisórias, as quais poderão ser desmontadas e remontadas em outros locais, com o aproveitamento dos materiais, tanto os blocos (BL) quanto os perfis. The porticos (PO) can also be made with a metallic structure, instead of industrial mortar or concrete, therefore, allowing the construction of temporary works, which can be dismantled and reassembled in other places, with the use of materials, both the blocks (BL) as the profiles.
A reprodução da invenção é relativamente simples. A parede pode ser independente de elementos estruturais pré-existentes. Nesse caso, são instaladas cantoneiras verticais (CV) nas extremidades do que será a parede, devidamente aprumadas. Essas cantoneiras verticais (CV) possuem furos para ancorar os cabos guias horizontais (CAH). Com as cantoneiras verticais (CV) devidamente fixados no pilar pré existente (VG), realiza-se o leve tensionamento dos cabos guias horizontais (CAH), os quais poderão ser novamente tensionados, com o uso de esticadores convencionais, após a montagem da parede com os blocos (BL). The reproduction of the invention is relatively simple. The wall can be independent of pre-existing structural elements. In this case, vertical angle brackets (CV) are installed at the ends of what will be the wall, duly plumbed. These vertical angles (CV) have holes to anchor the horizontal guide cables (CAH). With the vertical angle brackets (CV) duly fixed to the pre-existing pillar (VG), the horizontal guide cables (CAH) are lightly tensioned, which can be tensioned again, using conventional stretchers, after assembling the wall with the blocks (BL).
Vale destacar que os cabos de aço já são amplamente utilizados em guarda-corpos de escadas, com a finalidade de vedação. O invento em comento, portanto, utiliza técnicas semelhantes às usadas em guarda- corpos para a instalação dos cabos, dessa vez para serem utilizados como guia para o assentamento dos blocos (BL) e construção dos pórticos (PO). Pode haver um único cabo guia horizontal (CAH), centralizado na parte central superior do bloco (BL), ou dois cabos guias horizontais (CAH) que tangenciam a saliência superior do bloco (BL). It is worth mentioning that steel cables are already widely used in stair railings, with the purpose of sealing. The invention under discussion, therefore, uses techniques similar to those used in guardrails for the installation of cables, this time to be used as a guide for laying blocks (BL) and construction of frames (PO). There may be a single horizontal guide wire (CAH), centered in the top center of the block (BL), or two horizontal guide wires (CAH) tangent to the top boss of the block (BL).
Os contramarcos para as esquadrias (portas e janelas) são posicionados nos vãos previamente definidos, após o assentamento dos blocos (BL). Nesses vãos, os cabos serão cortados, após devidamente ancorados no pórtico (PO), com o auxílio de “prensa cabo”, presilhas ou dispositivos semelhantes. The frames for the frames (doors and windows) are positioned in previously defined gaps, after laying the blocks (BL). In these spans, the cables will be cut, after properly anchored in the gantry (PO), with the aid of a “cable press”, clamps or similar devices.
A parede pode ser construída paulatinamente com a execução de estruturas de concreto convencionais, inclusive o novo sistema pode ser associado a diversos tipos de formas ou blocos vazadas, situação em que os cabos guias verticais (CAV) e cabos guias horizontais (CAH) são fixados diretamente nos elementos estruturais da edificação, por meio de ancoragem com ganchos ou chumbadores. The wall can be built gradually with the execution of conventional concrete structures, including the new system can be associated with different types of shapes or hollow blocks, situation in which the vertical guide cables (CAV) and horizontal guide cables (CAH) are fixed directly on the structural elements of the building, through anchoring with hooks or anchor bolts.
Exemplos de concretizações da invenção Examples of embodiments of the invention
O processo da construção de uma parede, obedecerá a seguinte sequência: pl) Assenta-se um bloco de canto (BUC) em uma das extremidades laterais da parede; p2) Fixa-se no piso, alinhando paralelamente ao bloco de canto (BUC), uma cantoneira horizontal (CH); p3) Assenta-se uma linha de blocos retos (BL), encaixando no bloco de canto (BUC), e utilizando a cantoneira horizontal (CH) como guia, até atingir o comprimento total da parede que se deseja construir, respeitando o tamanho do bloco de canto (BUC) final e também respeitando os vãos de portas do projeto; p4) Insere-se o bloco de canto (BUC) utilizando o sistema de encaixe dos blocos (BL) e (BC); p5) Insere-se 4 barras de aço (BA), duas nos primeiros vãos formados pelos encaixes dos blocos (BL) e BUC) de uma extremidade da parede, e outras duas na outra extremidade da parede, as barras de aço ficam dispostas verticalmente do lado interno e externo da parede; e são fixadas nos vãos dos blocos (BL) e (BC) com argamassa; pó) Após a secagem total da argamassa, estica-se os cabos guias horizontais (CAH) sobre a primeira fila de blocos (BL), com leve tensionamento, ancorados nas barras aço (BA), respeitando a distância horizontal de acordo com a altura da formação dos vãos; p7) Encaixa-se as demais fiadas de blocos (BL), sempre com observância do alinhamento dos cabos guias horizontais (CAH), até a borda inferior do vão de janelas; p8) Instala-se os quadros provisórios nos vão de janelas e portas; p9) Conclui-se o fechamento de toda a parede; plO) Insere-se as demais barras de aço (BA) pelos nichos dos blocos (BL); fazer a interconexão entre os cabos guias horizontais (CAH) e barras de aço (BA) de uma face na outra com o uso de uniões de travamento (ITC). Inserindo-as nos vãos formados nas pontas dos blocos (BL); pl l) Preenche-se os nichos com argamassa industrial ou concreto; pl2) Instala-se a ancoragem dos cabos nas bordas dos vãos; pl3) Corta-se os cabos guias horizontais (CAH) excedentes nos vãos; e pl4) Instalação dos contramarcos. The process of building a wall will obey the following sequence: pl) A corner block (BUC) is placed on one of the lateral ends of the wall; p2) A horizontal angle bracket (CH) is fixed to the floor, parallel to the corner block (BUC); p3) A line of straight blocks (BL) is laid, fitting in the corner block (BUC), and using the horizontal angle bracket (CH) as a guide, until reaching the total length of the wall to be built, respecting the size of the final corner block (BUC) and also respecting the doorways of the project; p4) Insert the corner block (BUC) using the fitting system for the blocks (BL) and (BC); p5) 4 steel bars (BA) are inserted, two in the first gaps formed by the fittings of the blocks (BL and BUC) at one end of the wall, and another two at the other end of the wall, the steel bars are arranged vertically on the inner and outer side of the wall; and are fixed in the gaps of the blocks (BL) and (BC) with mortar; powder) After the mortar has completely dried, the horizontal guide cables (CAH) are stretched over the first row of blocks (BL), with slight tensioning, anchored on the steel bars (BA), respecting the horizontal distance according to the height the formation of spans; p7) Fit the other rows of blocks (BL), always observing the alignment of the horizontal guide cables (CAH), up to the lower edge of the window opening; p8) Temporary frames are installed in window and door openings; p9) The closure of the entire wall is concluded; plO) Insert the other steel bars (BA) through the niches of the blocks (BL); make the interconnection between the horizontal guide cables (CAH) and steel bars (BA) from one face to the other using locking unions (ITC). Inserting them in the gaps formed at the ends of the blocks (BL); pl l) The niches are filled with industrial mortar or concrete; pl2) The anchoring of the cables is installed on the edges of the gaps; pl3) Cut the excess horizontal guide cables (CAH) in the gaps; and pl4) Installation of counterframes.
O processo da construção de uma parede quando já existir vigas (VG), obedecerá a seguinte sequência: fl) Fixa-se nos pilares pré existentes (VG) as cantoneiras verticais (CV) para a instalação dos cabos guias horizontais (CAH); f2) Fixa-se no piso, alinhando paralelamente à cantoneira vertical (CV), uma cantoneira horizontal (CH); f3) Estica-se os cabos guias horizontais (CAH), com leve tensionamento, ancorados nos furos das cantoneiras verticais (CV); f4) Assenta-se a primeira linha de bloco (BL) encaixando os blocos na cantoneira vertical (CV) seguindo a primeira linha de cabos-guias horizontais (CAH), respeitando os vãos de portas do projeto; f5) Encaixa-se as demais fiadas de blocos (BL), sempre com observância do alinhamento dos cabos guias horizontais (CAH), até a borda inferior do vão de janelas; f6) Instala-se os quadros provisórios nos vão de janelas e portas; The process of building a wall when there are already beams (VG), will obey the following sequence: fl) The vertical angle brackets (CV) are fixed to the pre-existing pillars (VG) for the installation of horizontal guide cables (CAH); f2) It is fixed to the floor, aligning a horizontal angle (CH) parallel to the vertical angle (CV); f3) The horizontal guide cables (CAH) are stretched, with slight tension, anchored in the holes of the vertical angle brackets (CV); f4) The first row of blocks (BL) is laid, fitting the blocks into the vertical angle bracket (CV) following the first row of horizontal guide cables (CAH), respecting the doorways of the project; f5) Fit the other rows of blocks (BL), always observing the alignment of the horizontal guide cables (CAH), up to the lower edge of the window opening; f6) Temporary frames are installed in window and door openings;
17) Conclui-se o fechamento de toda a parede; f8) Insere-se as barras de aço (BA) pelos nichos dos blocos (BL); fazer a interconexão entre os cabos guias horizontais (CAH) e barras de aço (BA) de uma face na outra com o uso de uniões de travamento (ITC). Inserindo-as nos vãos formados nas pontas dos blocos (BL); f9) Preenche-se os nichos com argamassa industrial ou concreto; flO) Instala-se a ancoragem dos cabos nas bordas dos vãos; fl 1) Corta-se os cabos guias horizontais (CAH) excedentes nos vãos; e f 12) Instalação dos contramarcos. 17) The closing of the entire wall is completed; f8) Insert the steel bars (BA) through the niches of the blocks (BL); make the interconnection between the horizontal guide cables (CAH) and steel bars (BA) from one face to the other using locking unions (ITC). Inserting them in the gaps formed at the ends of the blocks (BL); f9) The niches are filled with industrial mortar or concrete; fO) The anchoring of the cables is installed on the edges of the spans; fl 1) Cut the excess horizontal guide cables (CAH) in the gaps; and f 12) Installation of counterframes.
A invenção pode ser concretizada, por exemplo, na construção de uma residência unifamiliar, cujo processo construtivo siga, essencialmente, as etapas descritas acima. The invention can be implemented, for example, in the construction of a single-family residence, whose construction process essentially follows the steps described above.
A superfície da parede será regular e permitirá a execução da camada final de acabamento ou aplicação de revestimentos. The surface of the wall will be regular and will allow the execution of the final finishing layer or application of coatings.
E possível realizar o assentamento de placas de revestimentos (PR) (cerâmica, fórmica, pedras, madeira, gesso etc.) diretamente sobre os blocos (BL), antes do preenchimento dos nichos, o que criará “formas” fechadas para o preenchimento do pórtico (PO). Esse preenchimento poderá ser feito por etapas (preenchendo os vãos em cada linha de blocos levantada) ou feito em uma única etapa, conforme descrito no parágrafo abaixo. Considerando que a parede terá uma relativa rigidez com a montagem dos blocos (BL) com as suas saliências contidas nos cabos-guia, é possível a elevação de toda a parede sem o preenchimento parcial dos nichos, ou seja, com os pórticos (PO) contendo apenas a ferragem. Estando a parede elevada e realizando- se o fechamento dos nichos com placas de revestimento (PR) será criado um sistema de vasos comunicantes, o que permitirá o preenchimento com concreto fluido, de todos os espaços do pórtico (PO), em uma só etapa. Desse modo, a parede pode ser construída já com o acabamento e o pórtico poderá ser preenchido posteriormente, por meio de aberturas específicas deixadas para essa finalidade. It is possible to install cladding plates (PR) (ceramics, formica, stones, wood, plaster, etc.) directly on the blocks (BL), before filling the niches, which will create closed “forms” for filling the space. portico (PO). This filling can be done in stages (filling in the gaps in each line of blocks raised) or done in a single step, as described in the paragraph below. Considering that the wall will have a relative rigidity with the assembly of the blocks (BL) with their protrusions contained in the guide cables, it is possible to raise the entire wall without partially filling the niches, that is, with the porticos (PO) containing only hardware. Once the wall is raised and the niches are closed with cladding plates (PR), a system of communicating vessels will be created, which will allow filling all spaces in the portico (PO) with fluid concrete in a single step. . In this way, the wall can be built already with the finish and the portico can be filled in later, through specific openings left for this purpose.
Ainda sobre a versatilidade, é possível variar a dimensão dos blocos (BL) e (BUC) de tal forma que varie também o tamanho do vão dos encaixes, possibilitando a utilização de maiores tamanhos de barras de aço (BA) ou outros elementos estruturais. Com essa flexibilidade na construção de blocos (BL) e (BUC), é possível criar paredes com maior robustez ampliando a gama de modelos construtivos. Still on versatility, it is possible to vary the size of the blocks (BL) and (BUC) in such a way that the size of the span of the fittings also varies, allowing the use of larger sizes of steel bars (BA) or other structural elements. With this flexibility in the construction of blocks (BL) and (BUC), it is possible to create walls with greater robustness, expanding the range of constructive models.

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES
1. “SISTEMA DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE EDIFICAÇÕES COM BLOCOS E GUIAS PRÉ FABRICADOS E ESTRUTURA MOLDADA NO LOCAL”, caracterizado por, ser um conjunto dotado de blocos retos (BL), de cimento, ou concreto convencional, ou placas cimentícias ou qualquer outro material denso, fabricados com o miolo constituído de material leve, isolante térmico e acústico, podendo ser composto também de sobras de EPS e entulhos em geral com formato prismático retangular, contendo cavidade com formato prismático retangular na face lateral esquerda alinhada com a aresta inferior, com saliência com formato prismático retangular na face lateral direita alinhada com a aresta inferior, com canal com formato prismático retangular centralizada na face inferior, com saliência com formato prismático retangular centralizada na face superior, com canais centralizados nas faces frontais e traseiras, desde a parte inferior até a parte superior; de blocos de canto (BUC), de cimento, ou concreto convencional, ou placas cimentícias ou qualquer outro material denso, fabricados com o miolo constituído de material leve, isolante térmico e acústico, podendo ser composto também de sobras de EPS e entulhos em geral com formato poligonal em formato em “L”, com saliência de formato prismático retangular na face da extremidade de maior tamanho e alinhada com a aresta inferior, com cavidade de formato prismático retangular na face da outra extremidade centralizada e alinhada com a aresta inferior, com recorte de formato prismático quadrado centralizado em ambas as faces das laterais de maior tamanho; de blocos retos fêmea (BLF), de cimento, ou concreto convencional, ou placas cimentícias ou qualquer outro material denso, fabricados com o miolo constituído de material leve, isolante térmico e acústico, podendo ser composto também de sobras de EPS e entulhos em geral com formato prismático retangular, contendo cavidade de formato prismático retangular na face lateral esquerda alinhada com a aresta inferior, com saliência de formato prismático retangular na face lateral direita alinhada com a aresta inferior, com canal de formato prismático retangular centralizada na face inferior, com canal de formato prismático retangular centralizada na face superior, com canais de formato prismático quadrado centralizados nas faces frontais e traseiras, desde a parte inferior até a parte superior; de pórtico (PO), composto formado pelo preenchimento dos vãos formados pelos blocos retos (BL) ou blocos retos fêmea (BLF) e/ou blocos de canto (BUC), e formado por barra de aço (BA), com formato cilíndrico e com diâmetro variável de acordo com o projeto, formado por cabo guia vertical (CAV), de aço com espessura variando de acordo com a especificação de cada projeto; dotado de cabo guia horizontal (CAH) de aço com espessura variando de acordo com a especificação de cada projeto; formado por união de travamento (ITC) de arame ou cabo metálico, com formato de oblongo, disposta nos nichos dos blocos (BL) e unindo barras de aço (BA) de faces opostas de uma parede ou unindo cabos guias verticais (CAV) ou guias horizontais (CAH). 1. "BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM WITH PREFABRICATED BLOCKS AND GUIDES AND MOLDED ON SITE STRUCTURE", characterized in that it is a set of straight blocks (BL), cement, or conventional concrete, or cement plates or any other dense material , manufactured with a core made of light, thermal and acoustic insulating material, and may also be composed of leftovers of EPS and debris in general with a prismatic rectangular shape, containing a cavity with a rectangular prismatic shape on the left side face aligned with the lower edge, with a projection with rectangular prismatic shape on the right side face aligned with the lower edge, with rectangular prismatic shaped channel centered on the lower face, with rectangular prismatic shaped protrusion centered on the upper face, with channels centered on the front and rear faces, from the bottom to the top; corner blocks (BUC), cement, or conventional concrete, or cementitious plates or any other dense material, manufactured with a core made of light, thermal and acoustic insulating material, which may also be composed of leftovers of EPS and debris in general with an "L"-shaped polygonal shape, with a rectangular prismatic protrusion on the larger end face and aligned with the lower edge, with a rectangular prismatic shaped cavity on the other end face centered and aligned with the lower edge, with square prismatic cutout centered on both faces of the larger sides; of female straight blocks (BLF), of cement, or conventional concrete, or cementitious plates or any other dense material, manufactured with a core made of light, thermal and acoustic insulating material, and may also be composed of leftovers of EPS and debris in general with rectangular prismatic shape, containing rectangular prismatic shaped cavity on the left side face aligned with the bottom edge, with rectangular prismatic shaped protrusion on the right side face aligned with the bottom edge, with rectangular prismatic shaped channel centered on the bottom face, with channel rectangular prismatic shape centered on the upper face, with square prismatic shaped channels centered on the front and rear faces, from the bottom to the top; of portico (PO), formed by filling the gaps formed by straight blocks (BL) or female straight blocks (BLF) and/or corner blocks (BUC), and formed by steel bar (BA), with cylindrical shape and with a variable diameter according to the project, formed by a vertical guide cable (CAV), made of steel with thickness varying according to the specification of each project; equipped with a steel horizontal guide cable (CAH) with thickness varying according to the specification of each project; formed by locking union (ITC) of wire or metal cable, with an oblong shape, arranged in the niches of the blocks (BL) and joining steel bars (BA) on opposite sides of a wall or joining vertical guide cables (CAV) or horizontal guides (CAH).
2. “SISTEMA DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE EDIFICAÇÕES COM BLOCOS E GUIAS PRÉ FABRICADOS E ESTRUTURA MOLDADA NO LOCAL”, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelos blocos retos (BL), blocos de canto (BUC) e blocos retos fêmea (BLF) serem fabricados de cimento, ou concreto convencional, ou placas cimentícias ou qualquer outro material denso, com o miolo constituído de espuma elastomérica; lã de Rocha; Lã de Vidro; fibra cerâmica; Isopor; poliuretano e poliisocianurato; silicato de cálcio ou outros materiais; 2. "SYSTEM FOR CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS WITH PREFABRICATED BLOCKS AND GUIDES AND MOLDED ON SITE STRUCTURE", according to claim 1, characterized by the straight blocks (BL), corner blocks (BUC) and female straight blocks (BLF) being made of cement, or conventional concrete, or cement boards or any other dense material, with the core consisting of elastomeric foam; rock wool; Glass wool; ceramic fiber; Polystyrene; polyurethane and polyisocyanurate; calcium silicate or other materials;
3. “SISTEMA DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE EDIFICAÇÕES COM BLOCOS E GUIAS PRÉ FABRICADOS E ESTRUTURA MOLDADA NO LOCAL”, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, para ser montado a partir de pilares pré existentes (VG) ou baldrames ou vigas, caracterizado por, conjunto dotado de de blocos retos (BL), de blocos retos fêmea (BLF), de pórtico (PO); dotado de cantoneira vertical (CV), metálica com formato de “L” de baixa espessura e com furos ao longo das duas faces, disposta nas extremidades laterais das paredes e fixadas nos pilares pré existentes (VG); dotado de cantoneira horizontal (CH), metálica com formato de “U” de baixa espessura, disposta na parte inferior e na parte superior da parede. 3. "SYSTEM FOR CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS WITH PREFABRICATED BLOCKS AND GUIDES AND MOLDED ON SITE STRUCTURE", according to claim 1, to be assembled from pre-existing pillars (VG) or baldrames or beams, characterized by a set equipped of straight blocks (BL), of female straight blocks (BLF), of portico (PO); equipped with a vertical angle bracket (CV), metal in the shape of an “L” of low thickness and with holes along both sides, placed at the lateral ends of the walls and fixed to the pre-existing pillars (VG); equipped with a horizontal angle bracket (CH), metal in the shape of a low thickness “U”, arranged at the bottom and top of the wall.
4. SISTEMA DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE EDIFICAÇÕES COM BLOCOS E GUIAS PRÉ FABRICADOS E ESTRUTURA MOLDADA NO LOCAL”, descrita na reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelos blocos retos (BL), blocos de canto (BLF) e blocos fêmea (BUC) criarem espaços onde se aloca o cabo guia vertical (CAV), cabo guia horizontal (CAH), a barra de aço (BA) e a argamassa, a fim de formar o pórtico (PO). 4. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM WITH PREFABRICATED BLOCKS AND GUIDES AND MOLDED ON SITE STRUCTURE", described in claim 1, characterized by straight blocks (BL), corner blocks (BLF) and female blocks (BUC) creating spaces where it is allocated the vertical guide cable (CAV), horizontal guide cable (CAH), the steel bar (BA) and the mortar, in order to form the portico (PO).
5. “SISTEMA DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE EDIFICAÇÕES COM BLOCOS E GUIAS PRÉ FABRICADOS E ESTRUTURA MOLDADA NO LOCAL”, descrita na reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelos blocos (BL), (BLF) e (BUC) conterem chanfros nas arestas verticais que formam o pórtico (PO), como ilustrado no bloco reto chanfrado (BLC). 5. "SYSTEM FOR CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS WITH PREFABRICATED BLOCKS AND GUIDES AND MOLDED ON SITE STRUCTURE", described in claim 1, characterized by the blocks (BL), (BLF) and (BUC) containing chamfers on the vertical edges that form the portico ( PO), as illustrated in the straight chamfered block (BLC).
6. “PROCESSO DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE PAREDES” de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizado pelas seguintes etapas: pl) Assenta-se um bloco de canto (BUC) em uma das extremidades laterais da parede; p2) Fixa-se no piso, alinhando paralelamente ao bloco de canto (BUC), uma cantoneira horizontal (CH); p3) Assenta-se uma linha de blocos retos (BL), encaixando no bloco de canto (BUC), e utilizando a cantoneira horizontal (CH) como guia, até atingir o comprimento total da parede que se deseja construir, respeitando o tamanho do bloco de canto (BUC) final e também respeitando os vãos de portas do projeto; p4) Insere-se o bloco de canto (BUC) utilizando o sistema de encaixe dos blocos (BL) e (BC); p5) Insere-se 4 barras de aço (BA), duas nos primeiros vãos formados pelos encaixes dos blocos (BL) e BUC) de uma extremidade da parede, e outras duas na outra extremidade da parede, as barras de aço ficam dispostas verticalmente do lado interno e experto da parede; e são fixadas nos vãos dos blocos (BL) e (BC) com argamassa; p6) Após a secagem total da argamassa, estica-se os cabos guias horizontais (CAH) sobre a primeira fila de blocos (BL), com leve tensionamento, ancorados nas barras aço (BA); p7) Encaixa-se as demais fiadas de blocos (BL), sempre com observância do alinhamento dos cabos guias horizontais (CAH), até a borda inferior do vão de janelas; p8) Instala-se os quadros provisórios nos vão de janelas e portas; p9) Conclui-se o fechamento de toda a parede; plO) Insere-se as demais barras de aço (BA) pelos nichos dos blocos (BL); fazer a interconexão entre os cabos guias horizontais (CAH) e barras de aço (BA) de uma face na outra com o uso de uniões de travamento (ITC). Inserindo-as nos vãos formados nas pontas dos blocos (BL); pl l) Preenche-se os nichos com argamassa industrial ou concreto; pl2) Instala-se a ancoragem dos cabos nas bordas dos vãos; pl3) Corta-se os cabos guias horizontais (CAH) excedentes nos vãos; e pl4) Instalação dos contramarcos. 6. “WALL CONSTRUCTION PROCESS” according to claim 1, characterized by the following steps: pl) A corner block (BUC) is placed at one of the lateral ends of the wall; p2) A horizontal angle bracket (CH) is fixed to the floor, parallel to the corner block (BUC); p3) A line of straight blocks (BL) is laid, fitting in the corner block (BUC), and using the horizontal angle bracket (CH) as a guide, until reaching the total length of the wall to be built, respecting the size of the final corner block (BUC) and also respecting the doorways of the project; p4) Insert the corner block (BUC) using the fitting system for the blocks (BL) and (BC); p5) 4 steel bars (BA) are inserted, two in the first gaps formed by the fittings of the blocks (BL and BUC) at one end of the wall, and another two at the other end of the wall, the steel bars are arranged vertically on the inside and expert side of the wall; and are fixed in the gaps of the blocks (BL) and (BC) with mortar; p6) After the mortar has completely dried, the horizontal guide cables (CAH) are stretched over the first row of blocks (BL), with slight tensioning, anchored on the steel bars (BA); p7) Fit the other rows of blocks (BL), always observing the alignment of the horizontal guide cables (CAH), up to the lower edge of the window opening; p8) Temporary frames are installed in window and door openings; p9) The closure of the entire wall is concluded; plO) Insert the other steel bars (BA) through the niches of the blocks (BL); make the interconnection between the horizontal guide cables (CAH) and steel bars (BA) from one face to the other using locking unions (ITC). Inserting them in the gaps formed at the ends of the blocks (BL); pl l) The niches are filled with industrial mortar or concrete; pl2) The anchoring of the cables is installed on the edges of the gaps; pl3) Cut the excess horizontal guide cables (CAH) in the gaps; and pl4) Installation of counterframes.
7. “PROCESSO DE CONSTRUÇÃO DE PAREDES COM VIGAS PRÉ EXISTENTES” de acordo com a reivindicação 3, caracterizado pelas seguintes etapas: fl) Fixa-se nos pilares pré existentes (VG) as cantoneiras verticais (CV)para a instalação dos cabos guias horizontais (CAH); f2) Fixa-se no piso, alinhando paralelamente à cantoneira vertical (CV), uma cantoneira horizontal (CH), f3) Estica-se os cabos guias horizontais (CAH), com leve tensionamento, ancorados nos furos das cantoneiras verticais (CV); f4) Assenta-se a primeira linha de bloco (BL) encaixando os blocos na cantoneira vertical (CV) seguindo a primeira linha de cabos-guias horizontais (CAH), respeitando os vãos de portas do projeto; f5) Encaixa-se as demais fiadas de blocos (BL), sempre com observância do alinhamento dos cabos guias horizontais (CAH), até a borda inferior do vão de janelas; f6) Instala-se os quadros provisórios nos vão de janelas e portas; 7. "PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTION OF WALLS WITH PRE-EXISTING BEAMS" according to claim 3, characterized by the following steps: fl) The vertical angles (CV) are fixed to the pre-existing pillars (VG) for the installation of horizontal guide cables (CAH); f2) A horizontal angle bracket (CH) is fixed to the floor, parallel to the vertical angle bracket (CV), f3) The horizontal guide cables (CAH) are stretched, with slight tensioning, anchored in the holes of the vertical angle brackets (CV) ; f4) The first row of blocks (BL) is laid, fitting the blocks into the vertical angle bracket (CV) following the first row of horizontal guide cables (CAH), respecting the doorways of the project; f5) Fit the other rows of blocks (BL), always observing the alignment of the horizontal guide cables (CAH), up to the lower edge of the window opening; f6) Temporary frames are installed in window and door openings;
17) Conclui-se o fechamento de toda a parede; f8) Insere-se as barras de aço (BA) pelos nichos dos blocos (BL); fazer a interconexão entre os cabos guias horizontais (CAH) e barras de aço (BA) de uma face na outra com o uso de uniões de travamento (ITC). Inserindo-as nos vãos formados nas pontas dos blocos (BL); f9) Preenche-se os nichos com argamassa industrial ou concreto; flO) Instala-se a ancoragem dos cabos nas bordas dos vãos; fl 1) Corta-se os cabos guias horizontais (CAH) excedentes nos vãos; e f 12) Instalação dos contramarcos. 17) The closing of the entire wall is completed; f8) Insert the steel bars (BA) through the niches of the blocks (BL); make the interconnection between the horizontal guide cables (CAH) and steel bars (BA) from one face to the other using locking unions (ITC). Inserting them in the gaps formed at the ends of the blocks (BL); f9) The niches are filled with industrial mortar or concrete; fO) The anchoring of the cables is installed on the edges of the spans; fl 1) Cut the excess horizontal guide cables (CAH) in the gaps; and f 12) Installation of counterframes.
PCT/BR2023/050040 2022-02-23 2023-02-06 Building construction system with prefabricated blocks and guides and a cast-in-situ structure WO2023159286A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR1020220034826 2022-02-23
BR102022003482-6A BR102022003482A2 (en) 2022-02-23 2022-02-23 WALL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM WITH GUIDES, PRECAST BLOCKS AND MOLDED-IN-SITE FRAME STRUCTURE
BR1020220229902 2022-11-11
BR102022022990-2A BR102022022990A2 (en) 2022-11-11 2022-11-11 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM WITH PREFABRICATED BLOCKS AND GUIDES AND CAST-IN-SITE STRUCTURE

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023159286A1 true WO2023159286A1 (en) 2023-08-31

Family

ID=87764214

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/BR2023/050040 WO2023159286A1 (en) 2022-02-23 2023-02-06 Building construction system with prefabricated blocks and guides and a cast-in-situ structure

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2023159286A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201593265U (en) * 2009-12-16 2010-09-29 许建锋 Concrete filling block
US20130205703A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2013-08-15 Vicat Method for constructing a building using bricks connected using dry joints
WO2017197853A1 (en) * 2016-05-16 2017-11-23 史世英 Insulation precast wall and prefabricated building
US9909303B2 (en) * 2016-06-28 2018-03-06 Nichiha Corporation Building exterior insulation structure
CN209907664U (en) * 2019-05-06 2020-01-07 创恒建设有限公司 Building construction concrete insulation structure
CN212405573U (en) * 2020-08-12 2021-01-26 上海萌砖节能材料科技有限公司 Take assembled brickwork module of compound incubation function

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201593265U (en) * 2009-12-16 2010-09-29 许建锋 Concrete filling block
US20130205703A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2013-08-15 Vicat Method for constructing a building using bricks connected using dry joints
WO2017197853A1 (en) * 2016-05-16 2017-11-23 史世英 Insulation precast wall and prefabricated building
US9909303B2 (en) * 2016-06-28 2018-03-06 Nichiha Corporation Building exterior insulation structure
CN209907664U (en) * 2019-05-06 2020-01-07 创恒建设有限公司 Building construction concrete insulation structure
CN212405573U (en) * 2020-08-12 2021-01-26 上海萌砖节能材料科技有限公司 Take assembled brickwork module of compound incubation function

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2642393C (en) Unitized post tension block system for masonry structures
US9856639B2 (en) Wall assembly and a building structure including the wall assembly
US8429876B2 (en) Concrete rib construction method
US7568321B2 (en) Adobe building construction system and associated methods
CN103306497B (en) Shock prevention and strengthening construction method for existing brickwork dwelling house fabricated structure
AU2011241464A1 (en) A method of forming a structural element and a method of building a structure
RU2561135C2 (en) Retained formwork package, method of its assembly and method of construction of monolithic walls of building and structure in retained formwork of modular elements
US20150204067A1 (en) Building system and method
US20080245013A1 (en) Building Formwork Module for Use in a Modular Concrete Formwork System
EP2405079B1 (en) Detachable formwork set with a multi-layered wall blank
WO2023159286A1 (en) Building construction system with prefabricated blocks and guides and a cast-in-situ structure
BR102022022990A2 (en) BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM WITH PREFABRICATED BLOCKS AND GUIDES AND CAST-IN-SITE STRUCTURE
RU2225921C1 (en) Reinforced concrete wall formed with the use of form remained into wall
US9133618B2 (en) Method and system for fabricating a non load bearing partition wall
EP1669503A1 (en) Building construction method and modular shuttering method
EA034290B1 (en) Multi-storey building of combined structural system
BR102022003482A2 (en) WALL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM WITH GUIDES, PRECAST BLOCKS AND MOLDED-IN-SITE FRAME STRUCTURE
RU2353735C2 (en) Method for erection of solid-cast frame buildings
Serdyuchenko et al. Features of the construction of monolithic houses
EP1120505B1 (en) A building block suitable for the construction of dry-stacking high performance masonry walls
RU2343251C1 (en) Wall
RU2781969C1 (en) Reinforced concrete volumetric block and method for its manufacture
CN203347258U (en) Existing masonry building assembled type anti-seismic reinforcing structure
BR102018075380A2 (en) CONSTRUCTIVE SYSTEM IN CELLULAR CONCRETE BLOCKS
AU2004203867B2 (en) A building system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23758833

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1