WO2023142910A1 - 光栅调节装置、3d显示装置 - Google Patents

光栅调节装置、3d显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023142910A1
WO2023142910A1 PCT/CN2023/070196 CN2023070196W WO2023142910A1 WO 2023142910 A1 WO2023142910 A1 WO 2023142910A1 CN 2023070196 W CN2023070196 W CN 2023070196W WO 2023142910 A1 WO2023142910 A1 WO 2023142910A1
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Prior art keywords
grating
sub
electrodes
substrate
electrode
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PCT/CN2023/070196
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董钊
周如
彭晓青
杜芸
李虎
王东辉
安然
张斗庆
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
合肥京东方光电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US18/283,953 priority Critical patent/US20240160034A1/en
Publication of WO2023142910A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023142910A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G02B30/31—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers involving active parallax barriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1345—Conductors connecting electrodes to cell terminals
    • G02F1/13452—Conductors connecting driver circuitry and terminals of panels

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a grating adjustment device and a 3D display device.
  • 3D (three-dimensional) display technology has become a hot research field.
  • Most of the existing 3D display devices require users to wear 3D glasses to watch, which is very troublesome and has poor user experience. Therefore, a naked-eye 3D display device that can achieve a 3D display effect without wearing 3D glasses has attracted attention.
  • a crosstalk phenomenon will occur, which will cause the user to experience adverse experiences such as nausea and dizziness.
  • a grating adjustment device which is applied to a 3D display device, the grating adjustment device includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a first substrate and a second substrate oppositely arranged, the first An electrode layer is disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, and the second electrode layer is disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the first substrate;
  • the first electrode layer includes a first sub-electrode layer and a second sub-electrode layer stacked, the first sub-electrode layer includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes arranged along a first direction, and the second sub-electrode layer
  • the electrode layer includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes arranged along the first direction, and the orthographic projection of the first sub-electrodes on the first substrate is the same as that of the second sub-electrodes on the first substrate.
  • the orthographic projection on is alternately set;
  • the grating adjustment device further includes a plurality of first driving lines, a plurality of second driving lines, and a plurality of grating units arranged along the first direction;
  • the grating unit includes a plurality of the first sub-electrodes and a plurality of The second sub-electrode is configured such that: when the grating adjustment device is powered on, the grating unit can form a light-transmitting unit and a light-shielding unit, and the opening position and/or opening of the grating unit Adjustable rate;
  • a plurality of the grating units are at least divided into one group; in each of the grating units in the same group, at least two of the first sub-electrodes are respectively electrically connected to different first driving lines, and at least two of the first sub-electrodes are electrically connected to different first driving lines. The two sub-electrodes are respectively electrically connected to different second driving lines.
  • each of the grating units in the same group all the first sub-electrodes are electrically connected to different first driving lines, and all the second sub-electrodes are respectively connected to different second driving lines. Wire connection.
  • the multiple first sub-electrodes are sorted along the first direction, and the multiple second sub-electrodes are sorted along the first direction;
  • the first sub-electrodes with the same serial number are electrically connected to the same first driving line
  • the second sub-electrodes with the same serial number are electrically connected to the same second driving line. connect.
  • multiple grating units are divided into multiple groups
  • the multiple first driving lines are divided into multiple groups, the number of groups of the first driving lines is the same as the number of groups of the grating units, and the first driving lines of each group are electrically connected to the grating units of different groups. connected; the number of the first driving lines in each group is the same as the serial number of the first sub-electrodes of the grating units in each group;
  • the plurality of second drive lines are divided into multiple groups, the number of groups of the second drive lines is the same as the number of groups of the grating units, and the second drive lines of each group are electrically connected to the grating units of different groups. connection; the number of the second driving lines in each group is the same as the serial number of the second sub-electrodes of the grating units in each group.
  • the grating adjusting device further includes at least one driving unit; each group of the first driving lines and each group of the second driving lines are at least electrically connected to one of the driving units.
  • each group of the first driving lines is divided into a first part and a second part, and the first part and the second part are respectively electrically connected to different driving units;
  • Each group of the second driving lines is divided into a third part and a fourth part, and the third part and the fourth part are respectively electrically connected to different driving units.
  • the orthographic projection of the first part on the first substrate and the orthographic projection of the second part on the first substrate are respectively set on the first electrode layer on the first substrate. opposite sides of an orthographic projection on a substrate;
  • the orthographic projection of the third part on the first substrate and the orthographic projection of the fourth part on the first substrate are respectively arranged on the first electrode layer on the first substrate Opposite sides of the orthographic projection on .
  • the first part is mirror-symmetric to the second part
  • the third part is mirror-symmetric to the fourth part.
  • the first sub-electrodes with an odd number are electrically connected to the first driving line of the first part, and the first sub-electrodes with an even number are connected to the first driving line of the first part.
  • the first driving line of the second part is electrically connected;
  • the second sub-electrodes with an odd number are electrically connected to the second driving line of the third part, and the second sub-electrodes with an even number are connected to the fourth part
  • the second drive line is electrically connected.
  • the grating adjustment device further includes a grating area, and a non-grating area connected to the grating area;
  • the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are arranged in the grating area, and the plurality of first driving lines and the plurality of second driving lines are arranged in the non-grating area.
  • one end of the first sub-electrode extends to the non-grating region and is connected to the corresponding first driving line;
  • One end of the second sub-electrode extends to the non-grating area and is connected to the corresponding second driving line.
  • the multiple first sub-electrodes are sorted along the first direction, and the multiple second sub-electrodes are sorted along the first direction; the first sub-electrodes and the second sub-electrodes respectively include opposite first and second ends;
  • the first ends of the first sub-electrodes and the second sub-electrodes with odd numbers extend to the non-grating area, and the first sub-electrodes and the second sub-electrodes with even numbers
  • the second end of the sub-electrode extends to the non-grating area.
  • the material of the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode includes a transparent conductive material.
  • the first sub-electrodes and the second sub-electrodes include strip electrodes.
  • a 3D display device including a display panel and the above-mentioned grating adjusting device; the grating adjusting device is arranged opposite to the display panel.
  • the display panel includes a touch display panel, and the grating adjustment device is disposed on a backlight side of the display panel.
  • the grating adjustment device includes a grating area and a non-grating area connected to the grating area;
  • the display panel includes a display area and a non-display area connected to the display area;
  • the display area covers the grating area
  • the non-display area covers the non-grating area
  • the grating adjustment device includes a first substrate and a second substrate oppositely arranged, and the display panel includes a third substrate and a fourth substrate oppositely arranged; the second substrate and the The third substrate is bonded.
  • the 3D display device further includes a photographing unit, the grating adjusting device is electrically connected to the photographing unit, and is configured to adjust the grating unit of the grating adjusting device according to the photographing information of the photographing unit. Opening location and/or opening ratio.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b are structural schematic diagrams of two kinds of grating adjustment devices provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are structural schematic diagrams of two kinds of first sub-electrodes and second sub-electrodes provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for realizing 3D display provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of avoiding crosstalk after the viewpoint is horizontally shifted to the right provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 8 Figure a is the schematic diagram when crosstalk does not occur, Figure b is the schematic diagram after the viewing distance is reduced, and Figure c is the schematic diagram after the viewing distance is increased;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a group adjustment grating unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are structural schematic diagrams of two other grating adjustment devices provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • plural means two or more, and “at least one” means one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms “upper”, “lower”, etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or None to imply that a referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation should therefore not be construed as limiting the application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a grating adjustment device, which is applied to a 3D display device.
  • the first electrode layer 3 is disposed on the side of the first substrate 1 close to the second substrate 2
  • the second electrode layer 4 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 2 close to the first substrate 1 .
  • the first electrode layer 3 includes a first sub-electrode layer 31 and a second sub-electrode layer 32 arranged in a laminated manner.
  • the first sub-electrode layer 31 includes A plurality of first sub-electrodes 33 arranged
  • the second sub-electrode layer 32 includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes 34 arranged along the first direction (OA direction in Figure 2a)
  • the first sub-electrodes 33 are arranged on the first substrate
  • the orthographic projections on the base 1 and the orthographic projections of the second sub-electrodes 32 on the first substrate 1 are arranged alternately.
  • the grating adjustment device also includes a plurality of first drive lines 41, a plurality of second drive lines 42 and a plurality of grating units 20 arranged along the first direction (OA direction);
  • the grating unit 20 includes a plurality of The first sub-electrode 33 and a plurality of second sub-electrodes 34 are configured such that when the grating adjusting device is powered on, as shown in FIG. The opening position and/or opening ratio of the unit can be adjusted.
  • a plurality of grating units are at least divided into one group; in each grating unit of the same group, at least two first sub-electrodes are respectively electrically connected to different first driving lines, and at least two second sub-electrodes are respectively connected to different second driving lines. Wire connection.
  • the above-mentioned grating adjustment device may include a liquid crystal grating adjustment device, and its type may be a TN (Twisted Nematic, twisted nematic) type liquid crystal grating adjustment device.
  • the grating adjustment device may also include a liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal layer is arranged on the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. Between the two electrode layers; of course, other film layers may also be included, which will not be repeated here.
  • second electrode layer can comprise the 3rd sub-electrode that whole surface is arranged as shown in Fig.
  • the twisting of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer between the electrode layer and the second electrode layer changes the amount of light emitted by the light after passing through the grating adjustment device, thereby forming a light-transmitting unit and a light-shielding unit.
  • the first sub-electrode layer 31 can be arranged on the side of the second sub-electrode layer 32 close to the first substrate 1 as shown in FIG. 1 , or the first sub-electrode layer can be arranged on the second sub-electrode layer.
  • the side of the electrode layer away from the first substrate is not limited here.
  • the width of the first sub-electrode along the first direction and the width of the second sub-electrode along the first direction are not limited, and may be selected according to the size of the display panel.
  • the grating adjusting device is applied in a 10.95-inch 3D display device, and the grating unit may be shown in FIG. 4, including 20 first sub-electrodes (marked as S2, S4, S6...S40 in FIG.
  • the second sub-electrodes (respectively marked as S1, S3, S5...S39 in FIG. 1), as shown in FIG.
  • the pitch of a sub-electrode along the first direction may be 4.01 ⁇ m, and the width along the first direction of the portion where the borders on both sides of the first sub-electrode respectively overlap with the second sub-electrode in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate is 0.6 ⁇ m.
  • the orthographic projection of the first sub-electrode on the first substrate and the orthographic projection of the second sub-electrode on the first substrate are arranged alternately, and the orthographic projection of the first sub-electrode on the first substrate is the same as that of the second sub-electrode on the first substrate.
  • the orthographic projections on the first substrate may partially overlap or not overlap, which is not limited here. Due to the limitation of the relevant process, the boundary of the first sub-electrode and the boundary of the second sub-electrode partially overlap along the direction perpendicular to the first substrate, so the orthographic projection of the first sub-electrode on the first substrate and the second sub-electrode Orthographic projections of the electrodes on the first substrate partially overlap.
  • the first sub-electrode layer as shown in Figure 1 disposed on the side of the second sub-electrode layer close to the first substrate as an example, the first sub-electrode intersects with the second sub-electrode in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate.
  • the overlapping part (for example, the blackened part of the first sub-electrode marked as S2 in Figure 5) is an inactive electrode, which is shielded by the second sub-electrode and has no effect on the liquid crystal; the first sub-electrode is perpendicular to the second sub-electrode
  • the part that does not overlap with the first substrate direction is an effective electrode, which can control the liquid crystal rotation; the second sub-electrode is closer to the liquid crystal layer than the first sub-electrode, and will not be affected by the first sub-electrode. Therefore, the second sub-electrode All of them are effective electrodes, which can control the rotation of liquid crystal.
  • the grating adjusting device may further include an insulating layer 30 .
  • the first sub-electrode layer is arranged on the side of the second sub-electrode layer away from the first substrate, at this time, the first sub-electrode is closer to the liquid crystal layer than the second sub-electrode, and all of the first sub-electrodes are effective.
  • the electrode can control the rotation of the liquid crystal;
  • the part of the second sub-electrode that overlaps with the first sub-electrode in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate is an ineffective electrode, which is shielded by the first sub-electrode and has no effect on the liquid crystal;
  • the second sub-electrode The part that does not overlap with the first sub-electrode along the direction perpendicular to the first substrate is an effective electrode, which can control the rotation of the liquid crystal.
  • the shape of the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode is not limited, for example, the shape of the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode can include a strip as shown in Figure 2a, and the cross-sectional shape can include a rectangle, a square , positive trapezoid or inverted trapezoid, etc.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 are illustrated by taking the cross-section of the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode as rectangles as an example.
  • the above-mentioned grating unit 20 can form a light-transmitting unit 21 and a light-shielding unit 22.
  • the light-transmitting unit can pass through light (equivalent to the opening of the grating unit), and the light-shielding unit cannot.
  • Light transmission; multiple grating units cooperate to finally form a grating with multiple openings.
  • the aperture ratio of the grating unit is the area of the light-transmitting unit/(the area of the light-transmitting unit+the area of the light-shielding unit).
  • the 3D display device includes a display panel 200 and a grating adjustment device 100 , and the grating adjustment device 100 is disposed opposite to the display panel 200 .
  • the grating adjustment device can be arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel.
  • the grating adjustment device can be called a front grating; or, as shown in FIG. 1 , the grating adjustment device 100 can be arranged on the backlight side of the display panel 200.
  • the grating adjustment device may be called a rear grating, which is not limited here.
  • the positions of the user's left eye and right eye are respectively marked as viewpoint 1 and viewpoint 2 (that is, the number of viewpoints n is 2), the distance between the two eyes is the interpupillary distance L, and the viewing distance (that is, the distance between the eyes and the display panel
  • the distance between ) is marked as S
  • the distance between the display panel 200 and the grating adjustment device 100 is the placement height h
  • the width of a single pixel unit in the display panel 200 along the first direction (OA direction) is P
  • the grating adjustment device 100 The width of the middle grating unit 20 along the first direction (OA direction) is C (also known as Pitch C), wherein the width of the light-transmitting unit 21 along the first direction (OA direction) is a, and the light shielding unit 22 is along the first direction ( OA direction) has a width of C-a.
  • the display panel includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, and the pixel unit may include a plurality of sub-pixels, such as red (R) sub-pixels, green (G) sub-pixels or blue (B) sub-pixels.
  • R red
  • G green
  • B blue
  • Fig. 6 by controlling the opening size and opening position of the grating unit, so that when viewing point 1 views the first display area A1 of the display panel, it corresponds to the light-transmitting unit 21, and when viewing point 2 views the first display area A1 of the display panel, Corresponding to the shading unit 22 , that is, at the same viewing moment, the viewpoint 1 can see the first display area A1 , but the viewpoint 2 cannot see the first display area A1 .
  • the opening size and opening position of the grating unit can also be controlled so that at the same viewing moment, the viewpoint 2 can see the second display area A2, while the viewpoint 1 cannot see the second display area A2. In this way, the image of the first display area A1 seen by viewpoint 1 and the image of the second display area A2 seen by viewpoint 2 can produce parallax, thereby forming stereoscopic vision and realizing 3D display.
  • the first type is the crosstalk caused by the user moving left and right along the horizontal direction when the viewing distance is constant.
  • Viewpoint 1 moves from position a to position a1
  • viewpoint 2 moves from position b to position b1. If the width of the light-shielding unit and the light-transmitting unit of the grating unit along the first direction remains unchanged, that is, the structure of the grating adjustment device is still the structure before adjustment.
  • viewpoint 1 at position a and position a1 as an example for illustration, when viewpoint 1 is at position When a, when viewing the first display area A1 of the display panel, corresponding to the shading unit, then the first display area cannot be seen from the viewpoint 1 at position a; and when the viewpoint 1 is at position a1, the first display area A1 of the display panel is viewed , corresponding to a partial light-shielding unit and a partial light-transmitting unit, then the viewpoint 1 can see the first display area at the position a1. That is, when viewpoint 1 moves from position a to position a1, the conditions of the display area that it can watch change, resulting in crosstalk and causing adverse experiences such as nausea and dizziness for users. In FIG. 7 , in order to better compare the structure of the grating adjustment device before and after adjustment, the two structures are shown separately.
  • the opening position of the grating unit in the grating adjustment device can be controlled according to the movement of the viewpoint, so as to match the moved viewpoint.
  • at least two first sub-electrodes are respectively electrically connected to different first driving lines
  • at least two second sub-electrodes are respectively electrically connected to different second driving lines.
  • the voltages of the corresponding first sub-electrodes and second sub-electrodes can be controlled through multiple first driving lines and multiple second driving lines, so that part or all of the light-transmitting units can be converted into light-shielding units, and part or all of the light-shielding units can be converted into light-shielding units. All of them are converted into light-transmitting units to realize the change of the opening position of the grating unit. Referring to FIG.
  • the grating unit can be The positions of the light-shielding unit and the light-transmitting unit change (the grating adjustment device moves to the left in the overall effect), and the adjusted grating unit is shown in Figure 7. After the adjustment, the viewpoint 1 cannot see the first display area at position a1, In this way, it is possible to ensure that the viewing effect is consistent after the viewpoint is moved, thereby reducing the crosstalk phenomenon.
  • the present application can control the voltages of the corresponding first sub-electrodes and second sub-electrodes through multiple first driving lines and multiple second driving lines, so that part or all of the light-transmitting unit can be converted into a light-shielding unit, and part of the light-shielding unit Or all of them are converted into light-transmitting units, so as to realize the change of the opening position of the grating unit, thereby reducing the crosstalk phenomenon caused by the horizontal movement of the user when the viewing distance remains unchanged.
  • the second type is crosstalk caused by changes in viewing distance.
  • figure a is a line of sight view of the optimal viewing distance. In this case, crosstalk does not occur, wherein the viewpoint 1 (left eye) can see the first display area A1, and the right eye can see the second display area A1.
  • Figure b is the line of sight when the viewing distance is shortened. After the viewing distance is shortened, if the structure of the grating adjustment device remains unchanged, the viewpoint 1 (left eye) can see the first display area A1 and the left side of the first display area A1 In some other display areas, the viewpoint 2 (right eye) can see the second display area A2 and some other display areas on the right side of the second display area A2, thus forming crosstalk.
  • Figure C is the line of sight when the viewing distance becomes longer. After the viewing distance becomes longer, if the structure of the grating adjustment device remains unchanged, the viewpoint 1 (left eye) can see all the first display area A1 and the left side of the first display area A1 Viewpoint 2 (right eye) can see all of the second display area A2, some of the other display areas on the right side of the second display area A2, and part of the first display area A1 , resulting in crosstalk. That is, when the viewing distance changes (including becoming farther or closer), the conditions of the display area that can be viewed change, resulting in crosstalk and causing adverse experiences such as nausea and dizziness for the user.
  • the aperture ratio of the grating unit in the grating adjustment device can be controlled according to the movement of the viewpoint, so as to match the moved viewpoint.
  • at least two first sub-electrodes are respectively electrically connected to different first driving lines
  • at least two second sub-electrodes are respectively electrically connected to different second driving lines.
  • the voltages of the corresponding first sub-electrodes and the second sub-electrodes can be controlled through multiple first driving lines and multiple second driving lines, so that part of the light-transmitting unit can be converted into a light-shielding unit, thereby increasing the light-shielding unit
  • the area makes the aperture ratio of the grating unit smaller. Referring to Figure 8, part of the light-transmitting unit is converted into a light-shielding unit, and the opening of the adjusted grating unit becomes smaller; after adjustment, viewpoint 1 can only see the first display area, and viewpoint 2 can only see the second display area. In this way, it is possible to ensure that the viewing effect is consistent after the viewpoint is moved, thereby reducing the crosstalk phenomenon.
  • the aperture ratio of the adjusted grating unit 0.5*(1-h*(L-P)*
  • S is the best viewing distance before far and near movement
  • S' is The viewing distance after far and near movement.
  • the formula of aperture ratio it can be deduced that the viewing distance corresponding to the maximum aperture ratio is the best viewing distance corresponding to the change of aperture ratio.
  • the theoretical width of the grating unit in the grating adjustment device along the first direction 2P(1+h/S) when moving far and near.
  • this application can convert the part of the light-transmitting unit into a light-shielding unit by controlling multiple first driving lines and multiple second driving lines, so as to realize the change of the aperture ratio of the grating unit, thereby reducing the crosstalk phenomenon caused by the user’s far and near movement .
  • the third type is the crosstalk caused by the superposition of horizontal horizontal movement caused by the change of viewing distance, that is, the first and second cases occur at the same time.
  • the voltages of the corresponding first sub-electrodes and the second sub-electrodes can be controlled through a plurality of first driving lines and a plurality of second driving lines, thereby controlling the size and position of the light-transmitting unit and the light-shielding unit of the grating unit, Then control the opening position and opening ratio of the grating unit, so as to ensure that the viewing effect is consistent after the viewpoint moves as much as possible, thereby reducing the crosstalk phenomenon caused by the user's horizontal left-right movement and far-near movement.
  • first and second types which will not be repeated here.
  • each first sub-electrodes are respectively electrically connected to different first driving lines
  • all second sub-electrodes are respectively electrically connected to different second driving lines
  • each first sub-electrode is controlled by a different first driving line
  • each second sub-electrode is controlled by a different second driving line
  • the voltage of each first sub-electrode and each second sub-electrode in the unit can further adjust the size and position of the light-shielding unit and the light-transmitting unit of the grating unit more accurately, thereby further reducing the crosstalk problem caused by the movement of the viewpoint.
  • a plurality of first sub-electrodes 33 are sorted along the first direction OA (the serial numbers in FIG. 1 are 1, 2, 3...
  • the first sub-electrodes of ... n are respectively marked as t1, t2, t3 ... tn)
  • a plurality of second sub-electrodes 34 are sorted along the first direction OA direction (numbered as 1, 2, 3 ... n in Fig. 1
  • the second sub-electrodes are labeled d1, d2, d3...dn).
  • the first sub-electrodes with the same serial number are electrically connected to the same first driving line 41, and the second sub-electrodes with the same serial number are electrically connected to the same second driving line 42;
  • one first driving line can simultaneously control multiple first sub-electrodes with the same serial number
  • one second driving line can simultaneously control multiple second sub-electrodes with the same serial number, which can reduce the difficulty of control and reduce the number of driving lines. It is beneficial to save space and reduce cost.
  • Figure 2b shows an example where the grating adjustment device is applied in a 10.95-inch 3D display device.
  • the grating adjustment device may include 1280 grating units, and each grating unit includes 20 first sub-electrodes and 20 second sub-electrodes.
  • the serial numbers of the alternately arranged first sub-electrodes and second sub-electrodes are 1, 2, 3..., 40 respectively.
  • the first sub-electrodes with the same serial number for example: the first sub-electrode with the serial number 1 in Fig. 2b sub-electrodes
  • second sub-electrodes with the same serial number for example: the first sub-electrode with the serial number 2 in FIG. 2 b
  • Figure 2a and Figure 2b are illustrated by taking the grating adjustment device as an example including a group of grating units, as shown in Figure 2a, the first sub-electrode marked t1 in the first grating unit on the left and the first sub-electrode marked as t1 in the first grating unit on the right
  • the first sub-electrode marked t1 is electrically connected to the first driving line marked L1
  • the sub-electrodes are electrically connected to the second driving line marked as M1, and the conditions of the first sub-electrodes and the second sub-electrodes with other serial numbers can be referred to above, and will not be listed here.
  • multiple grating units may be divided into one group or multiple groups, which is not limited here.
  • a plurality of grating units are grouped into one group, when adjusting the far and near, combined with the foregoing description, when the placement height h of the grating adjustment device and the pixel width P of the display panel are determined, the grating at different viewing distances can be obtained.
  • Table 1 for the parameters such as the aperture ratio of the unit, the theoretical width of the grating unit, the deviation of the design width, and the proportion of the area where the crosstalk is ⁇ 10%.
  • the aperture ratio of the grating unit W1 corresponding to the moving viewing distance decreases; the multiple grating units are divided into One group is adjusted as a whole, so that the initial grating unit W is converted into the adjusted grating unit W2, and the aperture ratio of the adjusted grating unit is reduced. Since it is a fixed-cycle adjustment, after the deviation accumulates, deviations will appear in areas such as area A.
  • multiple grating units are divided into multiple groups for group adjustment.
  • the adjustment between groups does not affect each other.
  • group 1 converts the initial grating unit W into a grating unit with a small aperture ratio
  • group 2 further adjusts the grating unit with accumulated deviation
  • the shading unit can be converted to Form a light-transmitting unit, similar to the above-mentioned translation (left or right) method, so as to greatly reduce the crosstalk caused by the accumulated deviation, and then greatly reduce the crosstalk caused by the far and near movement.
  • multiple grating units are divided into multiple groups; multiple first driving lines are divided into multiple groups, the number of groups of the first driving lines is the same as the number of groups of the grating units, and the first driving lines of each group are respectively connected with different groups of The grating unit is electrically connected; the number of the first driving lines of each group is the same as the serial number of the first sub-electrode of each group of the grating unit; a plurality of second driving lines are divided into multiple groups, and the number of groups of the second driving line is the same as that of the grating unit The number of groups is the same, and each group of second driving lines is electrically connected to different groups of grating units; the number of each group of second driving lines is the same as the serial number of the second sub-electrodes of each group of grating units.
  • a plurality of first sub-electrodes 33 are electrically connected to the first group of first driving lines (marked as L1), and a plurality of second sub-electrodes 34 are connected to the first group
  • the second driving line (marked as M1) is electrically connected; in the grating unit of the i-th group on the right, a plurality of first sub-electrodes are electrically connected to the i-th group of first driving lines (marked as L2), and a plurality of second sub-electrodes are electrically connected to the i-th group of first driving lines (marked as L2).
  • the i-th group of second driving lines (marked as M2 ) are electrically connected, and i is a positive integer.
  • the grating adjustment device may include 1280 grating units, and each grating unit includes 20 first sub-electrodes and 20 second sub-electrodes. Two sub-electrodes, the serial numbers of the first sub-electrodes and the second sub-electrodes arranged alternately are 1, 2, 3..., 40 respectively, in the same group of grating units, the first sub-electrodes with the same serial number and the same first driving line 41, and the second sub-electrodes with the same serial number are electrically connected to the same second driving line 42.
  • first sub-electrodes of different groups of grating units are electrically connected to different groups of first driving lines
  • the second sub-electrodes of different groups of grating units are electrically connected to different groups of second driving lines.
  • Lines and multiple sets of second driving lines respectively control multiple sets of grating units, so as to achieve group adjustment of opening positions and aperture ratios of the grating units, further reducing crosstalk problems.
  • the raster adjusting device further includes at least one driving unit; each group of first driving lines and each group of second driving lines is electrically connected to at least one driving unit.
  • the specific number of drive units is not limited here.
  • one drive unit 5 may be included as shown in FIG. 2 a , or two drive units 5 may be included as shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the driving unit may include a driving chip (IC), which may be directly connected to the first driving line and the second driving line, so as to provide a driving voltage signal.
  • the grating adjustment device further includes an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit, flexible printed circuit board) 6, and the driving unit 5 can be bound to the FPC 6.
  • FPC Flexible Printed Circuit, flexible printed circuit board
  • Each of the above-mentioned groups of first driving lines can be electrically connected to one driving unit as shown in FIG. 2a, or, as shown in FIG. It is electrically connected with another driving unit, which is not limited here.
  • each group of second driving lines mentioned above can be electrically connected to one driving unit as shown in FIG. The drive unit is electrically connected, which is not limited here.
  • each group of first driving lines is divided into a first part (located below the grating unit in FIG. 1 ) and a second part (located under the grating unit in FIG. 10 ). upper position), the first part and the second part are respectively electrically connected to different drive units.
  • the first driving line marked as L1 is one group
  • the first driving line marked as L2 is another group
  • the first part is electrically connected with the driving unit 5 below
  • the second part is electrically connected with the driving unit 5 above. connect.
  • each group of second driving lines is divided into a third part (located below the grating unit in FIG. 10) and a fourth part (located above the grating unit in FIG. 10), and the third part and the fourth part Some of them are electrically connected to different driving units 5 respectively.
  • the second drive line marked as M1 is a group
  • the second drive line marked as M2 is a group
  • the third part is electrically connected to the driving unit 5 below
  • the fourth part is electrically connected to the driving unit 5 above. connect.
  • the orthographic projection of the first part on the first substrate and the orthographic projection of the second part on the first substrate are respectively set at The opposite sides of the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the first substrate (upper and lower sides in Fig. 10); the orthographic projection of the third part on the first substrate and the fourth part on the first substrate The orthographic projections are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the first substrate (upper and lower sides in FIG. 10 ).
  • the first part (for example: the first driving line L1 below the The driving line L1) is mirror-symmetrical, and the third part (for example: the second driving line M1 below the grating unit) and the fourth part (for example: the second driving line M1 above the grating unit) are mirror-symmetrical.
  • the first part includes The number of the first driving lines is the same as the number of the first driving lines included in the second part, and the number of the second driving lines included in the third part is the same as the number of the second driving lines included in the fourth part.
  • the first sub-electrodes with odd numbers for example: marked as t1, t3, t5, etc.
  • the line for example: the first driving line L1 below the grating unit
  • the first sub-electrode with an even number for example: marked as t2, t4, t6, etc.
  • the first driving line L1) above the cells is electrically connected.
  • the second sub-electrodes with odd numbers (for example: marked as d1, d3, d5, etc.)
  • the driving line M1) is electrically connected
  • the second sub-electrode with an even number (for example: marked as d2, d4, d5, etc.) is electrically connected to the second driving line of the fourth part (for example: the second driving line M1 above the grating unit). connect.
  • the grating adjusting device further includes a grating region G1, and a non-grating region G2 connected to the grating region G1; a first electrode layer (including a first sub-electrode 33) and a second electrode layer.
  • the two electrode layers are arranged in the grating area G1 , and a plurality of first driving lines 33 and a plurality of second driving lines 34 are arranged in the non-grating area G2 .
  • first driving line and the second driving line may also be arranged in the grating area; but if the first driving line and the second driving line are arranged in the grating area, brightness moiré may be formed, thereby affecting the grating unit, therefore,
  • the first driving line and the second driving line can be selected to be arranged in the non-grating area.
  • one end of the first sub-electrode extends to the non-grating area and is connected to the corresponding first driving line; one end of the second sub-electrode extends to the non-grating area and is connected to the corresponding second driving line.
  • the electrical connection between the first sub-electrode and the first driving line, and the electrical connection between the second sub-electrode and the second driving line can be realized without additionally setting lead wires, which is simple and easy to realize.
  • a plurality of first sub-electrodes are sorted along the first direction OA (the first sub-electrodes numbered 1, 2, 3...n in FIG. 10 are respectively marked t1, t2, t3...tn), a plurality of second sub-electrodes are sorted along the first direction OA (the second sub-electrodes numbered 1, 2, 3...n in Fig. 10 are marked as d1, d2, d3...dn); the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode respectively include opposite first ends (the lower ends of each sub-electrode in FIG. 1 ) and second ends (the upper ends of each sub-electrode in FIG. 1 ).
  • the serial number is the first end of the first sub-electrode 33 and the second sub-electrode 34 (the lower end of each sub-electrode in Fig. 1 ) extending to the non-grating area G2, and the serial number is the even-numbered sub-electrode.
  • the second end of the first sub-electrode 33 and the second sub-electrode 34 extends to the non-grating region G2, thereby realizing the first sub-electrode with an odd number and the first driving line of the first part.
  • the first sub-electrode with an even number is electrically connected to the first driving line of the second part, and at the same time, the second sub-electrode with an odd number is electrically connected to the second driving line of the third part, and the even-numbered The second sub-electrode is electrically connected to the second driving line of the fourth part.
  • the material of the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode includes a transparent conductive material.
  • the transparent conductive material may include Indium Tin Oxide (Indium Tin Oxide) , ITO).
  • the first sub-electrodes and the second sub-electrodes include strip electrodes.
  • the shape of the cross-section of the strip electrode may include a rectangle, a square, a regular trapezoid or an inverted trapezoid, and the like.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a 3D display device, as shown in FIG. 1 , including a display panel 200 and the above-mentioned grating adjustment device 100;
  • the grating adjustment device can be arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel.
  • the grating adjustment device can be called a front grating; or, as shown in FIG. 1 , the grating adjustment device 100 can be arranged on the backlight side of the display panel 200.
  • the grating adjustment device may be called a rear grating, which is not limited here.
  • the type of the display panel is not limited, and its type can be TN (Twisted Nematic, twisted nematic) type, VA (Vertical Alignment, vertical orientation) type, IPS (In-Plane Switching, plane conversion) type or ADS (Advanced Super Dimension Switch, advanced ultra-dimensional field switching) and other liquid crystal display panels are not limited here.
  • the 3D display device may further include a backlight module to provide backlight.
  • the grating adjusting device is arranged on the backlight side of the display panel
  • the backlight module can be arranged on the backlight side of the grating adjusting device.
  • the backlight module can be arranged on the backlight side of the display panel.
  • the 3D display device can greatly reduce the crosstalk phenomenon that occurs during movement, thereby greatly improving user experience and product quality.
  • the display panel includes a touch display panel.
  • the grating adjustment device 100 is arranged on the backlight side of the display panel 200; this can avoid the influence of the grating adjustment device on the touch effect, thereby improving the touch quality.
  • the touch display panel may adopt TDDI (touch and display integration) touch technology, and there is no limitation on the touch structure here, which may be obtained according to related technologies.
  • TDDI touch and display integration
  • the non-display area BB is connected; wherein, the display area AA covers the grating area G1, and the non-display area BB covers the non-raster area G2.
  • the display area of the above-mentioned display panel is used for arranging pixels to realize display; the non-display area is used for arranging driving circuits and the like.
  • the second substrate 2 is bonded to the third substrate.
  • the double-sided adhesive tape 13 shown in FIG. 1 can be used for bonding.
  • a first polarizing layer 16 may be provided on the outer side of the first substrate 1 of the grating adjusting device 100 .
  • the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, as shown in FIG. 1, the display panel may also include a second polarizing layer 11 and a third polarizing layer 12, wherein the second polarizing layer 11 is arranged on the third substrate 9 close to the second polarizing layer.
  • the third polarizing layer 12 is disposed on the side of the fourth substrate 10 away from the third substrate 9 .
  • the above-mentioned display panel may also include structures such as a color filter layer 17, a first frame sealant 15, a driver chip 7, and a circuit board 8; the grating adjusting device may also include a second frame sealant 14, an insulating Layer 30 and other structures. Only the content related to the invention is introduced here, and other structures can be obtained by referring to related technologies.
  • the 3D display device further includes a shooting unit, the grating adjusting device is electrically connected to the shooting unit, and is configured to adjust the opening of the grating unit of the grating adjusting device according to the shooting information of the shooting unit position and/or aperture ratio.
  • the above-mentioned photographing unit may include a camera, and the grating adjustment device may analyze information such as the position of the human eye according to the photographing information of the photographing unit and related eye tracking technology, and adjust the opening position and/or aperture ratio of the grating unit in real time, so that Match the position of the moved viewpoint as much as possible, thereby reducing the crosstalk phenomenon that occurs during the moving process, and improving user experience and product quality.

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Abstract

提供一种光栅调节装置（100）、3D显示装置，涉及显示技术领域，能够减小在移动过程中出现的串扰现象。光栅调节装置（100）包括第一电极层（3）、第二电极层（4）以及相对设置的第一衬底（1）和第二衬底（2）；光栅调节装置（100）还包括多条第一驱动线（41）、多条第二驱动线（42）和沿第一方向排布的多个光栅单元（20）；光栅单元（20）被配置为：在光栅调节装置（100）加电的情况下，光栅单元（20）能够形成透光单元（21）和遮光单元（22），且光栅单元（20）的开口位置和/或开口率可调；多个光栅单元（20）至少分为一组；同一组的各光栅单元（20）中，至少两个第一子电极（33）分别与不同的第一驱动线（41）电连接，至少两个第二子电极（34）分别与不同的第二驱动线（42）电连接。

Description

光栅调节装置、3D显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年01月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210093757.4、名称为“一种光栅调节装置、3D显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种光栅调节装置、3D显示装置。
背景技术
随着科技发展和技术进步，3D(三维)显示技术已成为热门研究领域。现有的3D显示装置，大多需要用户佩戴3D眼镜才能观看，非常麻烦，用户体验差。因此，不用配戴3D眼镜就可以达到3D显示效果的裸眼3D显示装置受到关注。目前裸眼3D显示装置在使用过程中，用户稍微移动，就会出现串扰现象，从而使得用户出现恶心眩晕等不良体验。
发明内容
本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
一方面，提供了一种光栅调节装置，应用于3D显示装置，所述光栅调节装置包括第一电极层、第二电极层以及相对设置的第一衬底和第二衬底，所述第一电极层设置在所述第一衬底靠近所述第二衬底的一侧，所述第二电极层设置在所述第二衬底靠近所述第一衬底的一侧；
所述第一电极层包括叠层设置的第一子电极层和第二子电极层，所述第一子电极层包括沿第一方向排布的多个第一子电极，所述第二子电极层包括沿所述第一方向排布的多个第二子电极，所述第一子电极在所述第一衬底上的正投影与所述第二子电极在所述第一衬底上的正投影交替设置；
所述光栅调节装置还包括多条第一驱动线、多条第二驱动线和沿所述第一方向排布的多个光栅单元；所述光栅单元包括多个所述第一子电极和多个所述第二子电极、且被配置为：在所述光栅调节装置加电的情况下，所述光栅单元能够形成透光单元和遮光单元，且所述光栅单元的开口位置和/或开口率可调；
多个所述光栅单元至少分为一组；同一组的各所述光栅单元中，至少两个所述第一子电极分别与不同的所述第一驱动线电连接，至少两个所述第二 子电极分别与不同的所述第二驱动线电连接。
可选的，同一组的各所述光栅单元中，所有所述第一子电极分别与不同的所述第一驱动线电连接，所有所述第二子电极分别与不同的所述第二驱动线电连接。
可选的，所述光栅单元中，多个所述第一子电极沿所述第一方向进行排序，多个所述第二子电极沿所述第一方向进行排序；
同一组的所有所述光栅单元中，序号相同的所述第一子电极与同一条所述第一驱动线电连接，序号相同的所述第二子电极与同一条所述第二驱动线电连接。
可选的，多个所述光栅单元分为多组；
多条所述第一驱动线分为多组，所述第一驱动线的组数与所述光栅单元的组数相同，各组所述第一驱动线分别与不同组的所述光栅单元电连接；各组所述第一驱动线的数量与各组所述光栅单元的所述第一子电极的序号数相同；
多条所述第二驱动线分为多组，所述第二驱动线的组数与所述光栅单元的组数相同，各组所述第二驱动线分别与不同组的所述光栅单元电连接；各组所述第二驱动线的数量与各组所述光栅单元的所述第二子电极的序号数相同。
可选的，所述光栅调节装置还包括至少一个驱动单元；各组所述第一驱动线和各组所述第二驱动线至少与一个所述驱动单元电连接。
可选的，各组所述第一驱动线分为第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分与所述第二部分分别与不同的所述驱动单元电连接；
各组所述第二驱动线分为第三部分和第四部分，所述第三部分与所述第四部分分别与不同的所述驱动单元电连接。
可选的，所述第一部分在所述第一衬底上的正投影和所述第二部分在所述第一衬底上的正投影，分别设置在所述第一电极层在所述第一衬底上的正投影的相对两侧；
所述第三部分在所述第一衬底上的正投影和所述第四部分在所述第一衬底上的正投影，分别设置在所述第一电极层在所述第一衬底上的正投影的相对两侧。
可选的，所述第一部分和所述第二部分镜像对称，所述第三部分和所述第四部分镜像对称。
可选的，各组所述光栅单元中，序号为奇数的所述第一子电极与所述第一部分的所述第一驱动线电连接，序号为偶数的所述第一子电极与所述第二部分的所述第一驱动线电连接；
各组所述光栅单元中，序号为奇数的所述第二子电极与所述第三部分的所述第二驱动线电连接，序号为偶数的所述第二子电极与所述第四部分的所述第二驱动线电连接。
可选的，所述光栅调节装置还包括光栅区、以及与所述光栅区相连的非光栅区；
所述第一电极层和第二电极层设置在所述光栅区，多条所述第一驱动线和多条所述第二驱动线设置在所述非光栅区。
可选的，所述第一子电极的一端延伸至所述非光栅区、且与对应的所述第一驱动线相连；
所述第二子电极的一端延伸至所述非光栅区、且与对应的所述第二驱动线相连。
可选的，所述光栅单元中，多个所述第一子电极沿所述第一方向进行排序，多个所述第二子电极沿所述第一方向进行排序；所述第一子电极和所述第二子电极分别包括相对的第一端和第二端；
所述光栅单元中，序号为奇数的所述第一子电极和所述第二子电极的第一端延伸至所述非光栅区，序号为偶数的所述第一子电极和所述第二子电极的第二端延伸至所述非光栅区。
可选的，所述第一子电极和所述第二子电极的材料包括透明导电材料。
可选的，所述第一子电极和所述第二子电极包括条状电极。
再一方面，提供了一种3D显示装置，包括显示面板和上述的光栅调节装置；所述光栅调节装置与所述显示面板相对设置。
可选的，所述显示面板包括触控显示面板，所述光栅调节装置设置在所述显示面板的背光侧。
可选的，所述光栅调节装置包括光栅区、以及与所述光栅区相连的非光栅区；所述显示面板包括显示区、以及与所述显示区相连的非显示区；
其中，所述显示区覆盖所述光栅区，所述非显示区覆盖所述非光栅区。
可选的，所述光栅调节装置包括相对设置的第一衬底和第二衬底，所述显示面板包括相对设置的第三衬底和第四衬底；所述第二衬底与所述第三衬底贴合。
可选的，所述3D显示装置还包括拍摄单元，所述光栅调节装置与所述拍摄单元电连接，且被配置为根据所述拍摄单元的拍摄信息，调整所述光栅调节装置的光栅单元的开口位置和/或开口率。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种3D显示装置的结构示意图；
图2a和图2b为本申请实施例提供的两种光栅调节装置的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种光栅单元的结构示意图；
图4和图5为本申请实施例提供的两种第一子电极和第二子电极的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种实现3D显示的原理图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种避免视点水平右移后产生串扰的原理图；
图8中，a图为不发生串扰时的原理图，b图为观看距离减小后的原理图，c图为观看距离增大后的原理图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种分组调节光栅单元的原理图；
图10和图11为本申请实施例提供的另两种光栅调节装置的结构示意图。
具体实施例
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的实施例中，采用“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分，仅为了清楚描述本 申请实施例的技术方案，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。
在本申请的实施例中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，“至少一个”的含义是一个或一个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请的实施例中，术语“上”、“下”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
本申请实施例提供了一种光栅调节装置，应用于3D显示装置，参考图1所示，光栅调节装置100包括第一电极层3、第二电极层4以及相对设置的第一衬底1和第二衬底2，第一电极层3设置在第一衬底1靠近第二衬底2的一侧，第二电极层4设置在第二衬底2靠近第一衬底1的一侧。
参考图1所示，第一电极层3包括叠层设置的第一子电极层31和第二子电极层32，参考图1和图2a所示，第一子电极层31包括沿第一方向排布的多个第一子电极33，第二子电极层32包括沿第一方向(图2a中的OA方向)排布的多个第二子电极34，第一子电极33在第一衬底1上的正投影与第二子电极32在第一衬底1上的正投影交替设置。
参考图2a所示，光栅调节装置还包括多条第一驱动线41、多条第二驱动线42和沿第一方向(OA方向)排布的多个光栅单元20；光栅单元20包括多个第一子电极33和多个第二子电极34、且被配置为：在光栅调节装置加电的情况下，参考图3所示，光栅单元能够形成透光单元21和遮光单元22，且光栅单元的开口位置和/或开口率可调。
多个光栅单元至少分为一组；同一组的各光栅单元中，至少两个第一子电极分别与不同的第一驱动线电连接，至少两个第二子电极分别与不同的第二驱动线电连接。
上述光栅调节装置可以包括液晶光栅调节装置，其类型可以是TN(Twisted Nematic，扭曲向列)型液晶光栅调节装置，该光栅调节装置还可以包括液晶层，液晶层设置在第一电极层和第二电极层之间；当然还可以包括其他膜层，这里不再赘述。
上述第二电极层可以如图1所示包括整面设置的第三子电极；在通电 的情况下，第一子电极和第二子电极分别与第三子电极形成电场，从而改变位于第一电极层和第二电极层之间的液晶层的液晶分子的扭转情况，进而改变光线经过光栅调节装置后的出光量，从而形成透光单元和遮光单元。
上述第一电极层中，第一子电极层31可以如图1所示设置在第二子电极层32靠近第一衬底1的一侧，或者，第一子电极层可以设置在第二子电极层远离第一衬底的一侧，这里不做限定。
上述第一子电极沿第一方向的宽度、第二子电极沿第一方向的宽度不做限定，具体可以根据显示面板的尺寸等情况选择。示例的，光栅调节装置应用在10.95英寸的3D显示装置中，光栅单元可以如图4所示，包括20个第一子电极(图1分别标记为S2、S4、S6……S40)和20个第二子电极(图1分别标记为S1、S3、S5……S39)，参考图5所示，第一子电极和第二子电极分别沿第一方向的宽度可以是5.21μm，相邻第一子电极沿第一方向的间距可以是4.01μm，第一子电极的两侧边界分别与第二子电极沿垂直于第一衬底方向交叠的部分沿第一方向的宽度为0.6μm。
上述第一子电极在第一衬底上的正投影与第二子电极在第一衬底上的正投影交替设置，第一子电极在第一衬底上的正投影与第二子电极在第一衬底上的正投影可以部分交叠，或者不交叠，这里不做限定。由于相关工艺的限制，第一子电极的边界与第二子电极的边界沿垂直于第一衬底方向存在部分交叠，则第一子电极在第一衬底上的正投影与第二子电极在第一衬底上的正投影部分交叠。
以第一子电极层如图1所示设置在第二子电极层靠近第一衬底的一侧为例进行说明，第一子电极中与第二子电极沿垂直于第一衬底方向交叠的部分(例如图5中标记为S2的第一子电极的标黑部分)为无效电极，被第二子电极屏蔽，对液晶不起作用；第一子电极中与第二子电极沿垂直于第一衬底方向不交叠的部分为有效电极，能够控制液晶旋转；第二子电极相比第一子电极靠近液晶层，不会受到第一子电极的影响，因此，第二子电极的全部均为有效电极，能够控制液晶旋转。图5中，为了避免第一子电极和第二子电极相互影响，该光栅调节装置还可以包括绝缘层30。
当然，若第一子电极层设置在第二子电极层远离第一衬底的一侧，此时，第一子电极相比第二子电极靠近液晶层，第一子电极的全部均为有效电极，能够控制液晶旋转；第二子电极中与第一子电极沿垂直于第一衬底 方向交叠的部分为无效电极，被第一子电极屏蔽，对液晶不起作用；第二子电极中与第一子电极沿垂直于第一衬底方向不交叠的部分为有效电极，能够控制液晶旋转。
第一子电极和第二子电极的形状不做限定，示例的，第一子电极和第二子电极的形状可以包括如图2a所示的条状，其横截面的形状可以包括长方形、正方形、正梯形或者倒梯形等等。图1和图5以第一子电极和第二子电极的横截面为长方形为例进行绘示。
在光栅调节装置加电的情况下，参考图3所示，上述光栅单元20能够形成透光单元21和遮光单元22，透光单元可以透过光线(相当于光栅单元的开口)，遮光单元不能透光；多个光栅单元配合，最终形成具有多个开口的光栅。光栅单元的开口率为透光单元的面积/(透光单元的面积+遮光单元的面积)。
上述光栅调节装置应用于3D显示装置中，参考图1所示，3D显示装置包括显示面板200和光栅调节装置100，光栅调节装置100与显示面板200相对设置。光栅调节装置可以设置在显示面板的出光侧，此时，该光栅调节装置可称为前置光栅；或者，如图1所示，光栅调节装置100可以设置在显示面板200的背光侧，此时，该光栅调节装置可称为后置光栅，这里不做限定。
下面以光栅调节装置设置在显示面板的背光侧为例，说明实现3D显示的原理。参考图6所示，用户的左眼和右眼位置分别标记为视点1和视点2(即视点数n为2)，两眼之间的距离为瞳孔间距L，观看距离(即眼睛与显示面板之间的距离)标记为S，显示面板200与光栅调节装置100之间的距离为放置高度h，显示面板200中单一像素单元沿第一方向(OA方向)的宽度为P，光栅调节装置100中光栅单元20沿第一方向(OA方向)的宽度为C(又称为Pitch C)，其中透光单元21沿第一方向(OA方向)的宽度为a，遮光单元22沿第一方向(OA方向)的宽度为C-a。需要说明的是，显示面板包括阵列排布的多个像素单元，像素单元可以包括多个子像素，例如：红色(R)子像素、绿色(G)子像素或者蓝色(B)子像素。
图6中，通过控制光栅单元的开口尺寸和开口位置，从而使得视点1观看显示面板的第一显示区A1时，对应透光单元21，而视点2观看显示 面板的第一显示区A1时，对应遮光单元22，即在同一观察时刻，视点1能够看到第一显示区A1，而视点2无法看到第一显示区A1。同理，还可以通过控制光栅单元的开口尺寸和开口位置，使得在同一观察时刻，视点2能够看到第二显示区A2，而视点1无法看到第二显示区A2。这样，视点1看到的第一显示区A1的图像与视点2看到的第二显示区A2的图像可以产生视差，从而形成立体视觉，实现3D显示。
参考图6所示，根据三角形的几何关系可以得到：
h/(h+S)＝P/L                       (1)
C/nP＝(S+h)/S                      (2)
a/P＝(S+h)/S                       (3)
通过公式(1)、(2)、(3)，可以得到C＝nPL/(L-P)(4)、h＝SP/(L-P)(5)、a/C＝1/n(6)，视点数n可以取2，光栅调节装置中光栅单元沿第一方向的宽度C和放置高度h可以分别参考公式(4)和(5)确定。公式(6)中，视点数n取2时，光栅单元中，透光单元沿第一方向的宽度与遮光单元沿第一方向的宽度相同。
在3D显示装置实际使用中，引起串扰的情况有多种。
第一种，在观看距离不变的情况下，用户沿水平方向左右移动引起的串扰。参考图7所示，以视点沿第一方向(OA方向)向右移动为例进行说明，视点1从位置a移动到位置a1，视点2从位置b移动到位置b1。若光栅单元的遮光单元和透光单元沿第一方向的宽度不变，即光栅调节装置结构仍为调整前结构，以视点1分别在位置a和位置a1为例进行说明，当视点1在位置a时，观看显示面板的第一显示区A1时，对应遮光单元，那么视点1在位置a无法看到第一显示区；而当视点1在位置a1时，观看显示面板的第一显示区A1时，对应为部分遮光单元和部分透光单元，那么视点1在位置a1可以看到第一显示区。即视点1从位置a移动到位置a1时，其能够观看的显示区的情况发生变化，从而出现串扰现象，引起用户恶心眩晕等不良体验。图7中，为了更好地比对调整前后的光栅调节装置结构，将两个分开绘示。
为了解决该问题，可以根据视点的移动情况，控制光栅调节装置中光栅单元的开口位置，从而匹配移动后的视点。本申请中，同一组的各光栅单元中，至少两个第一子电极分别与不同的第一驱动线电连接，至少两个 第二子电极分别与不同的第二驱动线电连接。那么，可以通过多条第一驱动线和多条第二驱动线控制对应的第一子电极和第二子电极的电压，使得透光单元的部分或者全部转换成遮光单元，遮光单元的部分或者全部转换成透光单元，实现光栅单元的开口位置的变化。参考图7所示，以视点1为例进行说明，当视点1从位置a移动位置a1时(沿第一方向右移)，通过控制第一驱动线和第二驱动线，可以使得光栅单元的遮光单元和透光单元的位置发生变化(光栅调节装置在整体效果上发生左移)，调整后的光栅单元如图7所示，调整后，视点1在位置a1无法看到第一显示区，从而尽可能保证在视点移动后，观看效果一致，从而减轻串扰现象。
参考图7所示，根据三角形几何关系，若视点1的移动距离为y，光栅调节装置的左移距离为x，则x/y＝h/S，h为放置高度，S为观看距离。以10.95英寸的3D显示装置为例，第一子电极和第二子电极的分布情况如图4所示，第一子电极和第二子电极分别沿第一方向的宽度可以是4.6μm，各光栅单元包括20个第一子电极和20个第二子电极，像素宽度P＝92.13μm，瞳孔间距L＝65mm，观察距离S＝450mm，则光栅调节装置Pitch C＝184.52μm，左右水平移动时，理论最大串扰约为5％，符合预期值。
即本申请可以通过多条第一驱动线和多条第二驱动线控制对应的第一子电极和第二子电极的电压，使得透光单元的部分或者全部转换成遮光单元，遮光单元的部分或者全部转换成透光单元，从而实现光栅单元的开口位置的变化，进而减轻在观看距离不变的情况下用户水平左右移动引起的串扰现象。
第二种，观看距离发生变化引起的串扰。参考图8所示，a图为最佳观看距离的视线图，在该情况下，不发生串扰，其中，视点1(左眼)能够看到第一显示区A1，右眼能够看到第二显示区A2。b图为观看距离变近时的视线图，观看距离变近后，若光栅调节装置结构保持不变，视点1(左眼)可以看到第一显示区A1和第一显示区A1左侧的部分其它显示区，视点2(右眼)可以看到第二显示区A2和第二显示区A2右侧的部分其它显示区，从而形成串扰。C图为观看距离变远时的视线图，观看距离变远后，若光栅调节装置结构保持不变，视点1(左眼)可以看到全部第一显示区A1、第一显示区A1左侧的部分其它显示区、以及部分第二显示区A2，视点2(右眼)可以看到全部第二显示区A2、第二显示区A2右侧的部分其它显示区、以及部分第一显示区A1，从而形成串扰。即观看距离发生变化(包括变远或者变近)，其能够观看的显示区的情况发生变化，从而 出现串扰现象，引起用户恶心眩晕等不良体验。
为了解决该问题，可以根据视点的移动情况，控制光栅调节装置中光栅单元的开口率，从而匹配移动后的视点。本申请中，同一组的各光栅单元中，至少两个第一子电极分别与不同的第一驱动线电连接，至少两个第二子电极分别与不同的第二驱动线电连接。那么，可以通过多条第一驱动线和多条第二驱动线控制对应的第一子电极和第二子电极的电压，使得透光单元的部分转换成遮光单元，从而增大了遮光单元的面积，使得光栅单元的开口率变小。参考图8所示，部分透光单元转换成遮光单元，调整后的光栅单元的开口变小；调整后，视点1仅能看到第一显示区，视点2仅能看到第二显示区，从而尽可能保证在视点移动后，观看效果一致，从而减轻串扰现象。
调整后的光栅单元的开口率＝0.5*(1-h*(L-P)*|1/S-1/S’|/P)，其中，S为远近移动前的最佳观看距离，S’为远近移动后的观看距离，同时从开口率的公式可以反推出开口率最大时对应的观看距离为开口率变化后对应的最佳观看距离。同时，由三角形几何关系，可推出远近移动时，光栅调节装置中光栅单元沿第一方向的理论宽度＝2P(1+h/S)。
即本申请可以通过控制多条第一驱动线、多条第二驱动线，使得透光单元的部分转换成遮光单元，从而实现光栅单元的开口率的变化，进而减轻用户远近移动引起的串扰现象。
第三种，观看距离变化叠加水平左右移动引起的串扰，即同时出现第一种和第二种情况。该情况下，可以通过多条第一驱动线和多条第二驱动线控制对应的第一子电极和第二子电极的电压，从而控制光栅单元的透光单元和遮光单元的尺寸和位置，进而控制光栅单元的开口位置以及开口率，从而尽可能保证在视点移动后，观看效果一致，从而减轻用户水平左右移动和远近移动引起的串扰现象。具体情况，可以参考前述第一种和第二种的说明，这里不再赘述。
在一个或者多个实施例中，同一组的各光栅单元中，所有第一子电极分别与不同的第一驱动线电连接，所有第二子电极分别与不同的第二驱动线电连接，这样，同一组的各光栅单元中，各第一子电极分别由不同的第一驱动线控制，各第二子电极分别由不同的第二驱动线控制，可以更加精细准确地控制同一组的各光栅单元中的各第一子电极和各第二子电极的电压，进而可以更准确地调整光栅单元的遮光单元和透光单元的尺寸和位置， 从而进一步减轻视点移动引起的串扰问题。
进一步可选的，为了降低控制难度，便于实现，参考图2a所示，光栅单元中，多个第一子电极33沿第一方向OA方向进行排序(图1中序号为1、2、3……n的第一子电极分别标记为t1、t2、t3……tn)，多个第二子电极34沿第一方向OA方向进行排序(图1中序号为1、2、3……n的第二子电极标记为d1、d2、d3……dn)。
同一组的所有光栅单元中，参考图2b所示，序号相同的第一子电极与同一条第一驱动线41电连接，序号相同的第二子电极与同一条第二驱动线42电连接；这样，一条第一驱动线可以同时控制多个序号相同的第一子电极，一条第二驱动线可以同时控制多个序号相同的第二子电极，能够降低控制难度，并减少驱动线的数量，有利于节省空间，降低成本。图2b以光栅调节装置应用在10.95英寸的3D显示装置中为例进行绘示，该光栅调节装置可以包括1280个光栅单元，各光栅单元包括20个第一子电极和20个第二子电极，交替设置的第一子电极和第二子电极的序号分别为1、2、3……、40，各光栅单元中，序号相同的第一子电极(例如：图2b中序号为1的第一子电极)与同一条第一驱动线41电连接，序号相同的第二子电极(例如：图2b中序号为2的第一子电极)与同一条第二驱动线42电连接。
图2a和图2b是以光栅调节装置包括一组光栅单元为例进行绘示，参考图2a所示，左边第一个光栅单元中标记为t1的第一子电极和右边第一个光栅单元中标记为t1的第一子电极均与标记为L1的第一驱动线电连接，左边第一个光栅单元中标记为d1的第二子电极和右边第一个光栅单元中标记为d1的第一子电极与标记为M1的第二驱动线电连接，其它序号的第一子电极和第二子电极的情况可参考上述，这里不再一一列举。
本申请中，多个光栅单元可以分为一组，或者分为多组，这里不做限定。多个光栅单元分为一组的情况下，在进行远近调节时，结合前述说明，在光栅调节装置的放置高度h、显示面板的像素宽度P确定的情况下，可以得到不同观看距离下，光栅单元的开口率、光栅单元的理论宽度、设计宽度偏差、串扰≤10％的区域占比等参数，具体情况参考表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2023070196-appb-000001
表1中，观看距离为450mm时对应的结构无串扰；从表1可以看出，在观看距离为450mm，远近偏移50mm的情况下，串扰≤10％的区域仅剩20％左右，远近调节还需进一步改进。由于多个光栅单元分为一组，各光栅单元同时调整，会出现偏差累积，从而不能进一步降低偏差。示例的，参考图9所示，初始多个光栅单元W的结构如图9所示，在远近移动后，移动后的观看距离对应的光栅单元W1的开口率减小；多个光栅单元分为一组进行整体调节，使得初始光栅单元W转换成调整后的光栅单元W2，调整后光栅单元的开口率减小。由于是固定周期的调整，偏差累积后，在区域A等位置会出现偏差。
基于此，为了进一步降低远近移动时产生的串扰，参考图9所示，将多个光栅单元分为多组，进行分组调整，组与组之间的调整互不影响，示例的，分组调整后的光栅单元W3的结构如图9所示，图9中，组1将初始光栅单元W转换成开口率小的光栅单元，组2对出现累积偏差的光栅单元进一步调整，例如可以将遮光单元转换成透光单元，类似前述的平移(左移或者右移)方法，从而大幅减轻累积偏差造成的串扰，进而大幅降低远近移动时引起的串扰问题。同时不会因为调整开口率，导致亮度陡降的问题。
采用与表1相同的设计参数，不同在于：将多个光栅单元分为16组 分别控制，各组光栅单元中，第一子电极和第二子电极的宽度为5.21μm，相邻第一子电极的间距为4.01μm，结合前述说明，通过计算可以得到表2。
表2
Figure PCTCN2023070196-appb-000002
表2中，观看距离为450mm时对应的结构无串扰；从表2可以看出，在观看距离为400mm-600mm的情况下，最大串扰均小于5％，串扰情况大幅降低，远低于设计需求。需要说明的是，多个光栅单元的组数为N，每组光栅单元对应的最大偏移量为N1，光栅单元的宽度为C，以设计串扰值≤5％为例，可根据N1/N≤5％*C确定组数N。
可选的，多个光栅单元分为多组；多条第一驱动线分为多组，第一驱动线的组数与光栅单元的组数相同，各组第一驱动线分别与不同组的光栅单元电连接；各组第一驱动线的数量与各组光栅单元的第一子电极的序号数相同；多条第二驱动线分为多组，第二驱动线的组数与光栅单元的组数相同，各组第二驱动线分别与不同组的光栅单元电连接；各组第二驱动线的数量与各组光栅单元的第二子电极的序号数相同。
参考图10所示，左边第一组的光栅单元20中，多个第一子电极33与第一组第一驱动线(标记为L1)电连接，多个第二子电极34与第一组第二驱动线(标记为M1)电连接；右边第i组的光栅单元中，多个第一子电极与第i组第一驱动线(标记为L2)电连接，多个第二子电极与第i组第二驱动线(标记为M2)电连接，i为正整数。
参考图11所示，以光栅调节装置应用在10.95英寸的3D显示装置中为例进行绘示，该光栅调节装置可以包括1280个光栅单元，各光栅单元包括20个第一子电极和20个第二子电极，交替设置的第一子电极和第二子电极的序号分别为1、2、3……、40，同一组光栅单元中，序号相同的第一子电极与同一条第一驱动线41电连接，序号相同的第二子电极与同一条第二驱动线42电连接。连续设置的16个光栅单元20可以组成一组，总共可以分为80组，共计80*60＝1280个光栅单元。
这样，不同组的光栅单元的第一子电极与不同组的第一驱动线电连接，不同组的光栅单元的第二子电极与不同组的第二驱动线电连接，通过多组第一驱动线和多组第二驱动线分别控制多组光栅单元，从而实现分组调节光栅单元的开口位置和开口率，进一步减轻串扰问题。
可选的，为了向第一驱动线和第二驱动线提供驱动信号，光栅调节装置还包括至少一个驱动单元；各组第一驱动线和各组第二驱动线至少与一个驱动单元电连接。
这里对于驱动单元的具体数量不做限定，示例的，可以如图2a所示包括一个驱动单元5，或者，如图10所示包括两个驱动单元5。该驱动单元可以包括驱动芯片(IC)，该驱动芯片可以与第一驱动线和第二驱动线直接相连，从而提供驱动电压信号。参考图1所示，光栅调节装置还包括FPC(Flexible Printed Circuit，柔性印刷电路板)6，驱动单元5可以绑定在FPC6上。
上述各组第一驱动线可以如图2a所示均与一个驱动单元电连接，或者，如图10所示，各组第一驱动线可以分成两部分，一部分与一个驱动单元电连接，另一部分与另一个驱动单元电连接，这里不做限定。同理，上述各组第二驱动线可以如图2a所示均与一个驱动单元电连接，或者，各组第二驱动线可以分成两部分，一部分与一个驱动单元电连接，另一部分与另一个驱动单元电连接，这里不做限定。
可选的，为了提高驱动能力和响应速度，参考图10所示，各组第一驱动线分为第一部分(位于图1中光栅单元的下方位置)和第二部分(位于图10中光栅单元的上方位置)，第一部分与第二部分分别与不同的驱动单元电连接。图10中，标记为L1的第一驱动线为一组，标记为L2的第一驱动线为另一组，第一部分与下方的驱动单元5电连接，第二部分与上 方的驱动单元5电连接。
参考图10所示，各组第二驱动线分为第三部分(位于图10中光栅单元的下方位置)和第四部分(位于图10中光栅单元的上方位置)，第三部分与第四部分分别与不同的驱动单元5电连接。图10中，标记为M1的第二驱动线为一组，标记为M2的第二驱动线为一组，第三部分与下方的驱动单元5电连接，第四部分与上方的驱动单元5电连接。
进一步可选的，为了避免走线设置过密导致相互干扰，参考图10所示，第一部分在第一衬底上的正投影和第二部分在第一衬底上的正投影，分别设置在第一电极层在第一衬底上的正投影的相对两侧(图10中的上下两侧)；第三部分在第一衬底上的正投影和第四部分在第一衬底上的正投影，分别设置在第一电极层在第一衬底上的正投影的相对两侧(图10中的上下两侧)。
可选的，为了充分利用每个驱动单元，同时便于设计，参考图10所示，第一部分(例如：光栅单元下方的第一驱动线L1)和第二部分(例如：光栅单元上方的第一驱动线L1)镜像对称，第三部分(例如：光栅单元下方的第二驱动线M1)和第四部分(例如：光栅单元上方的第二驱动线M1)镜像对称，此时，第一部分包括的第一驱动线的数量和第二部分包括的第一驱动线的数量相同，第三部分包括的第二驱动线的数量和第四部分包括的第二驱动线的数量相同。
为了进一步减轻相邻走线的互相干扰，参考图10所示，各组光栅单元中，序号为奇数(例如：标记为t1、t3、t5等)的第一子电极与第一部分的第一驱动线(例如：光栅单元下方的第一驱动线L1)电连接，序号为偶数(例如：标记为t2、t4、t6等)的第一子电极与第二部分的第一驱动线(例如：光栅单元上方的第一驱动线L1)电连接。
参考图10所示，各组光栅单元中，序号为奇数(例如：标记为d1、d3、d5等)的第二子电极与第三部分的第二驱动线(例如：光栅单元下方的第二驱动线M1)电连接，序号为偶数(例如：标记为d2、d4、d5等)的第二子电极与第四部分的第二驱动线(例如：光栅单元上方的第二驱动线M1)电连接。
在一个或者多个实施例中，参考图10所示，光栅调节装置还包括光 栅区G1、以及与光栅区G1相连的非光栅区G2；第一电极层(包括第一子电极33)和第二电极层(包括第二子电极34)设置在光栅区G1，多条第一驱动线33和多条第二驱动线34设置在非光栅区G2。
当然，上述第一驱动线和第二驱动线也可以设置在光栅区；但是若第一驱动线和第二驱动线设置在光栅区，有可能会形成亮度摩尔纹，从而影响光栅单元，因此，可以选择第一驱动线和第二驱动线设置在非光栅区。
为了减少走线设置，简化工艺，第一子电极的一端延伸至非光栅区、且与对应的第一驱动线相连；第二子电极的一端延伸至非光栅区、且与对应的第二驱动线相连，这样无需额外设置引线，即可实现第一子电极和第一驱动线电连接，第二子电极和第二驱动线电连接，简单易实现。
进一步可选的，参考图10所示，光栅单元中，多个第一子电极沿第一方向OA方向进行排序(图10中序号为1、2、3……n的第一子电极分别标记为t1、t2、t3……tn)，多个第二子电极沿第一方向OA方向进行排序(图10中序号为1、2、3……n的第二子电极标记为d1、d2、d3……dn)；第一子电极和第二子电极分别包括相对的第一端(图1中各子电极的下端)和第二端(图1中各子电极的上端)。
参考图10所示，光栅单元中，序号为奇数的第一子电极33和第二子电极34的第一端(图1中各子电极的下端)延伸至非光栅区G2，序号为偶数的第一子电极33和第二子电极34的第二端(图1中各子电极的上端)延伸至非光栅区G2，从而实现序号为奇数的第一子电极与第一部分的第一驱动线电连接，序号为偶数的第一子电极与第二部分的第一驱动线电连接，同时，实现序号为奇数的第二子电极与第三部分的第二驱动线电连接，序号为偶数的第二子电极与第四部分的第二驱动线电连接。
在一个或者多个实施例中，为了提高光栅调节装置的出光量，第一子电极和第二子电极的材料包括透明导电材料，示例的，该透明导电材料可以包括氧化铟锡(Indium Tin Oxide，ITO)。
在一个或者多个实施例中，参考图10所示，第一子电极和第二子电极包括条状电极。该条状电极的横截面的形状可以包括长方形、正方形、正梯形或者倒梯形等等。
本申请实施例还提供了一种3D显示装置，参考图1所示，包括显示 面板200和上述的光栅调节装置100；光栅调节装置100与显示面板200相对设置。
光栅调节装置可以设置在显示面板的出光侧，此时，该光栅调节装置可称为前置光栅；或者，如图1所示，光栅调节装置100可以设置在显示面板200的背光侧，此时，该光栅调节装置可称为后置光栅，这里不做限定。
该显示面板的类型不做限定，其类型可以是TN(Twisted Nematic，扭曲向列)型、VA(Vertical Alignment，垂直取向)型、IPS(In-Plane Switching，平面转换)型或ADS(Advanced Super Dimension Switch，高级超维场转换)型等液晶显示面板，这里不做限定。另外，若该显示面板为液晶显示面板，则该3D显示装置还可以包括背光模组，以提供背光。在光栅调节装置设置在显示面板的背光侧的情况下，该背光模组可以设置在光栅调节装置的背光侧。当然，在光栅调节装置设置在显示面板的出光侧的情况下，该背光模组可以设置在显示面板的背光侧。
该3D显示装置能够大幅减小在移动过程中出现的串扰现象，从而大幅提高用户体验和产品品质。
可选的，显示面板包括触控显示面板，如图1所示，光栅调节装置100设置在显示面板200的背光侧；这样可以避免光栅调节装置对于触控效果的影响，从而提升触控品质。
该触控显示面板可以采用TDDI(触控和显示集成)触控技术，这里对于触控结构不做限定，具体可以根据相关技术获得。
可选的，为了实现3D显示效果，参考图1所示，光栅调节装置100包括光栅区G1、以及与光栅区G1相连的非光栅区G2；显示面板200包括显示区AA、以及与显示区AA相连的非显示区BB；其中，显示区AA覆盖光栅区G1，非显示区BB覆盖非光栅区G2。
上述显示面板的显示区用于设置像素，以实现显示；非显示区用于设置驱动电路等。
可选的，为了简化工艺，参考图1所示，光栅调节装置100包括相对设置的第一衬底1和第二衬底2，显示面板200包括相对设置的第三衬底9和第四衬底10；第二衬底2与第三衬底贴合，示例的，可以采用图1所示 的双面胶带13贴合。另外，为了避免外界杂散光的影响，参考图1所示，光栅调节装置100的第一衬底1的外侧还可设置第一偏光层16。若显示面板为液晶显示面板，则参考图1所示，该显示面板还可以包括第二偏光层11和第三偏光层12，其中，第二偏光层11设置在第三衬底9靠近第二衬底2的一侧，第三偏光层12设置在第四衬底10远离第三衬底9的一侧。
当然，如图1所示，上述显示面板还可以包括彩膜层17、第一封框胶15、驱动芯片7和电路板8等结构；光栅调节装置还可以包括第二封框胶14、绝缘层30等结构。这里仅介绍与发明点相关的内容，其余结构可以参考相关技术获得。
可选的，为了实时追踪人眼的移动情况，3D显示装置还包括拍摄单元，光栅调节装置与拍摄单元电连接，且被配置为根据拍摄单元的拍摄信息，调整光栅调节装置的光栅单元的开口位置和/或开口率。
上述拍摄单元可以包括摄像头，光栅调节装置可以根据拍摄单元的拍摄信息，并根据相关眼球追踪技术，从而解析出人眼位置等信息，并实时调整光栅单元的开口位置和/或开口率，从而尽可能地匹配移动后的视点位置，进而减小在移动过程中出现的串扰现象，提高用户体验和产品品质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种光栅调节装置，其中，应用于3D显示装置，所述光栅调节装置包括第一电极层、第二电极层以及相对设置的第一衬底和第二衬底，所述第一电极层设置在所述第一衬底靠近所述第二衬底的一侧，所述第二电极层设置在所述第二衬底靠近所述第一衬底的一侧；
    所述第一电极层包括叠层设置的第一子电极层和第二子电极层，所述第一子电极层包括沿第一方向排布的多个第一子电极，所述第二子电极层包括沿所述第一方向排布的多个第二子电极，所述第一子电极在所述第一衬底上的正投影与所述第二子电极在所述第一衬底上的正投影交替设置；
    所述光栅调节装置还包括多条第一驱动线、多条第二驱动线和沿所述第一方向排布的多个光栅单元；所述光栅单元包括多个所述第一子电极和多个所述第二子电极、且被配置为：在所述光栅调节装置加电的情况下，所述光栅单元能够形成透光单元和遮光单元，且所述光栅单元的开口位置和/或开口率可调；
    多个所述光栅单元至少分为一组；同一组的各所述光栅单元中，至少两个所述第一子电极分别与不同的所述第一驱动线电连接，至少两个所述第二子电极分别与不同的所述第二驱动线电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光栅调节装置，其中，同一组的各所述光栅单元中，所有所述第一子电极分别与不同的所述第一驱动线电连接，所有所述第二子电极分别与不同的所述第二驱动线电连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光栅调节装置，其中，所述光栅单元中，多个所述第一子电极沿所述第一方向进行排序，多个所述第二子电极沿所述第一方向进行排序；
    同一组的所有所述光栅单元中，序号相同的所述第一子电极与同一条所述第一驱动线电连接，序号相同的所述第二子电极与同一条所述第二驱动线电连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光栅调节装置，其中，多个所述光栅单元分为多组；
    多条所述第一驱动线分为多组，所述第一驱动线的组数与所述光栅单元的组数相同，各组所述第一驱动线分别与不同组的所述光栅单元电连接； 各组所述第一驱动线的数量与各组所述光栅单元的所述第一子电极的序号数相同；
    多条所述第二驱动线分为多组，所述第二驱动线的组数与所述光栅单元的组数相同，各组所述第二驱动线分别与不同组的所述光栅单元电连接；各组所述第二驱动线的数量与各组所述光栅单元的所述第二子电极的序号数相同。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光栅调节装置，其中，所述光栅调节装置还包括至少一个驱动单元；各组所述第一驱动线和各组所述第二驱动线至少与一个所述驱动单元电连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光栅调节装置，其中，各组所述第一驱动线分为第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分与所述第二部分分别与不同的所述驱动单元电连接；
    各组所述第二驱动线分为第三部分和第四部分，所述第三部分与所述第四部分分别与不同的所述驱动单元电连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光栅调节装置，其中，所述第一部分在所述第一衬底上的正投影和所述第二部分在所述第一衬底上的正投影，分别设置在所述第一电极层在所述第一衬底上的正投影的相对两侧；
    所述第三部分在所述第一衬底上的正投影和所述第四部分在所述第一衬底上的正投影，分别设置在所述第一电极层在所述第一衬底上的正投影的相对两侧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的光栅调节装置，其中，所述第一部分和所述第二部分镜像对称，所述第三部分和所述第四部分镜像对称。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的光栅调节装置，其中，各组所述光栅单元中，序号为奇数的所述第一子电极与所述第一部分的所述第一驱动线电连接，序号为偶数的所述第一子电极与所述第二部分的所述第一驱动线电连接；
    各组所述光栅单元中，序号为奇数的所述第二子电极与所述第三部分的所述第二驱动线电连接，序号为偶数的所述第二子电极与所述第四部分的所述第二驱动线电连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光栅调节装置，其中，所述光栅调节装置还包括光栅区、以及与所述光栅区相连的非光栅区；
    所述第一电极层和第二电极层设置在所述光栅区，多条所述第一驱动线和多条所述第二驱动线设置在所述非光栅区。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的光栅调节装置，其中，所述第一子电极的一端延伸至所述非光栅区、且与对应的所述第一驱动线相连；
    所述第二子电极的一端延伸至所述非光栅区、且与对应的所述第二驱动线相连。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光栅调节装置，其中，所述光栅单元中，多个所述第一子电极沿所述第一方向进行排序，多个所述第二子电极沿所述第一方向进行排序；所述第一子电极和所述第二子电极分别包括相对的第一端和第二端；
    所述光栅单元中，序号为奇数的所述第一子电极和所述第二子电极的第一端延伸至所述非光栅区，序号为偶数的所述第一子电极和所述第二子电极的第二端延伸至所述非光栅区。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的光栅调节装置，其中，所述第一子电极和所述第二子电极的材料包括透明导电材料。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的光栅调节装置，其中，所述第一子电极和所述第二子电极包括条状电极。
  15. 一种3D显示装置，包括显示面板和权利要求1-14任一项所述的光栅调节装置；所述光栅调节装置与所述显示面板相对设置。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的3D显示装置，其中，所述显示面板包括触控显示面板，所述光栅调节装置设置在所述显示面板的背光侧。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的3D显示装置，其中，所述光栅调节装置包括光栅区、以及与所述光栅区相连的非光栅区；所述显示面板包括显示区、以及与所述显示区相连的非显示区；
    其中，所述显示区覆盖所述光栅区，所述非显示区覆盖所述非光栅区。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的3D显示装置，其中，所述光栅调节装置包括相对设置的第一衬底和第二衬底，所述显示面板包括相对设置的第三 衬底和第四衬底；所述第二衬底与所述第三衬底贴合。
  19. 根据权利要求15所述的3D显示装置，其中，所述3D显示装置还包括拍摄单元，所述光栅调节装置与所述拍摄单元电连接，且被配置为根据所述拍摄单元的拍摄信息，调整所述光栅调节装置的光栅单元的开口位置和/或开口率。
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