WO2023138089A1 - Système de réfrigération à double état de fonctionnement d'ammoniac liquide et équipement de production de dioxyde de carbone liquide - Google Patents

Système de réfrigération à double état de fonctionnement d'ammoniac liquide et équipement de production de dioxyde de carbone liquide Download PDF

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WO2023138089A1
WO2023138089A1 PCT/CN2022/121025 CN2022121025W WO2023138089A1 WO 2023138089 A1 WO2023138089 A1 WO 2023138089A1 CN 2022121025 W CN2022121025 W CN 2022121025W WO 2023138089 A1 WO2023138089 A1 WO 2023138089A1
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ammonia
liquid
condition
working
carbon dioxide
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PCT/CN2022/121025
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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戚剑威
潘光万
黎伟彬
曾凡超
郑书艳
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广州市华达石化有限公司
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Publication of WO2023138089A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023138089A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0027—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/08—Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures or from liquefied gases or liquefied gaseous mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
    • F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/067—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
    • F25J3/0695—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/04—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/74—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the partially condensed overhead gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/80—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/80—Separating impurities from carbon dioxide, e.g. H2O or water-soluble contaminants
    • F25J2220/82—Separating low boiling, i.e. more volatile components, e.g. He, H2, CO, Air gases, CH4
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/80—Separating impurities from carbon dioxide, e.g. H2O or water-soluble contaminants
    • F25J2220/84—Separating high boiling, i.e. less volatile components, e.g. NOx, SOx, H2S
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/60—Closed external refrigeration cycle with single component refrigerant [SCR], e.g. C1-, C2- or C3-hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F25J2270/902—Details about the refrigeration cycle used, e.g. composition of refrigerant, arrangement of compressors or cascade, make up sources, use of reflux exchangers etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/50—Arrangement of multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step in parallel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the technical field of chemical production equipment, and more specifically relates to a liquid ammonia dual-working-condition refrigeration system and liquid carbon dioxide production equipment.
  • Liquid carbon dioxide can often be used to make food additives, and its production process usually includes compression, purification, liquefaction, purification, storage, etc., so that the heavy and light components in carbon dioxide can be removed more thoroughly.
  • liquid ammonia refrigeration under low temperature conditions is required to realize the liquefaction and purification of gaseous carbon dioxide.
  • the ice machine for making liquid ammonia is a device for compressing gas, there will be a phenomenon that the high-pressure outlet material leaks back to the low-pressure inlet.
  • One of the objectives of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a liquid ammonia dual-working-condition refrigeration system to solve the technical problem of low efficiency and high energy consumption of ice machines in the prior art.
  • a liquid ammonia dual-working-condition refrigeration system which is used in liquid carbon dioxide production equipment.
  • the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment includes a light removal tower with a first heat exchanger at the bottom, a main cooling device and a top cooling device for cooling liquefied gaseous carbon dioxide, and the liquid ammonia dual-working-condition refrigeration system includes:
  • a liquid ammonia circulation device one interface of the liquid ammonia circulation device is connected to the first heat exchanger, and the other interface of the liquid ammonia circulation device is respectively connected to the standard working condition ice machine and the low temperature working condition ice machine;
  • the standard-condition ammonia separator is connected to the first heat exchanger, and the gaseous ammonia at the top after being separated by the standard-condition ammonia separator enters the standard-condition ice machine for compression;
  • the low-temperature ammonia separation device communicates with the bottom of the standard-condition ammonia separation device, part of the liquid ammonia at the bottom after being separated by the standard-condition ammonia separation device enters the low-temperature ammonia separation device, and the gas ammonia at the top after being separated by the low-temperature ammonia separation device enters the low-temperature working condition ice machine for compression; and,
  • the supercooled ammonia separator is connected to the bottom of the low-temperature ammonia separator. Part of the liquid ammonia at the bottom after being separated by the low-temperature ammonia separator enters the supercooled ammonia separator, and the gaseous ammonia at the top after being separated by the cold ammonia separator enters the low-temperature working condition ice machine for compression.
  • the main cooling device communicates with the bottom of the standard-condition ammonia separator, and another part of liquid ammonia at the bottom after being separated by the standard-condition ammonia separator enters the main cooling device to vaporize and then returns to the standard-condition ammonia separator.
  • the top cooling device communicates with the bottom of the low-temperature ammonia separation device, and another part of liquid ammonia at the bottom after being separated by the low-temperature ammonia separation device enters the top cooling device to vaporize and then returns to the low-temperature ammonia separation device.
  • the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment further includes a subcooler, and the subcooler communicates with the bottom of the subcooled ammonia separator, and another part of liquid ammonia at the bottom after being separated by the cold ammonia separator enters the subcooler to vaporize and then returns to the supercooled ammonia separator.
  • the liquid ammonia double-working-condition refrigeration system further includes several ammonia evaporative condensers, and both the ice machine under standard working condition and the ice machine under low-temperature working condition are connected to the ammonia evaporative condenser.
  • the liquid ammonia double-working-condition refrigeration system further includes an auxiliary ammonia storage, one side of the auxiliary ammonia storage is connected to the liquid ammonia circulation device, and the other side of the auxiliary ammonia storage is connected to the ammonia evaporation condenser.
  • the liquid ammonia circulation device is a high-pressure circulation barrel.
  • a liquid carbon dioxide production equipment in the second aspect, includes a liquid carbon dioxide purification system and a liquid ammonia double-working-condition refrigeration system as described above; the liquid carbon dioxide purification system is used to purify gaseous carbon dioxide into liquid carbon dioxide, and the liquid ammonia double-work-condition refrigeration system is used to compress gaseous ammonia into liquid ammonia and discharge it into the liquid carbon dioxide purification system to realize the liquefaction of gaseous carbon dioxide.
  • the carbon dioxide purification and refining system includes:
  • Weight-removing column which is used to feed gaseous carbon dioxide to separate heavy component liquid
  • the main cooling device communicates with the top of the weight removal tower, and is used to cool down and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide flowing out from the top of the weight removal tower into a mixed fluid containing light components and liquid carbon dioxide;
  • the first gas-liquid separator communicates with the main cooling device and is used for gas-liquid separation of the mixed fluid
  • the top cooling device communicates with the bottom of the deweighting tower, and is used to continue to condense part of the heavy component liquid;
  • the second gas-liquid separator is communicated with the bottom of the weight-removing tower, and is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation to another part of the heavy component liquid;
  • the third gas-liquid separator is communicated with the top cooling device, and is used for gas-liquid separation of the heavy component liquid condensed by the top cooling device;
  • the light removal tower communicates with the bottom of the first gas-liquid separator, the bottom of the second gas-liquid separator and the bottom of the third gas-liquid separator respectively.
  • the top of the first gas-liquid separator communicates with the top cooling device; the bottom of the first gas-liquid separator also communicates with the deweighting tower.
  • the beneficial effect of the liquid ammonia dual-working-condition refrigeration system provided by this application is that, compared with the existing liquid ammonia production process that only uses low-temperature ice machines, in this embodiment, since the liquid ammonia dual-working-condition refrigeration system adopts the combination of standard working conditions and low-temperature working conditions for step-by-step cooling, it can effectively optimize the liquid ammonia operation process, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the refrigeration efficiency of liquid ammonia and reducing the production energy consumption of liquid carbon dioxide production equipment. It is a more energy-saving and efficient technology.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment that the embodiment of the present application provides;
  • Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment including the liquid carbon dioxide purification system provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the liquid ammonia production equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application, including the liquid ammonia double-working-condition refrigeration system.
  • Standard working condition ice machine 220. Low temperature working condition ice machine; 230. Liquid ammonia circulation device; 240. Standard condition ammonia separation device; 250. Low temperature ammonia separation device; 260. Supercooled ammonia separation device; 270. Ammonia evaporation condenser;
  • This application proposes a liquid ammonia dual-working-condition refrigeration system.
  • the liquid ammonia double working condition refrigeration system is used in the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment 10, the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment 10 includes the light removal tower 110 with the first heat exchanger 111 at the bottom, the main cooling device 130 and the top cooling device 140 for cooling the liquefied gaseous carbon dioxide.
  • this liquid ammonia double-working-condition refrigeration system includes several ice machines 210 under standard working conditions, several ice machines 220 under low-temperature working conditions, a liquid ammonia circulation device 230, a standard-condition ammonia separation device 240, a low-temperature ammonia separation device 250, and a supercooled ammonia separation device 260.
  • one interface of the liquid ammonia circulation device 230 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 111, and the other interface of the liquid ammonia circulation device 230 is communicated with the ice machine 210 of the standard working condition and the ice machine 220 of the low temperature working condition respectively;
  • the liquid ammonia at the bottom after separation by the sub-device 240 enters the low-temperature ammonia separation device 250, and the gaseous ammonia at the top after being separated by the low-temperature ammonia separation device 250 enters the ice machine 220 under low-temperature conditions for compression;
  • the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment 10 in this embodiment is mainly used to purify and liquefy gaseous carbon dioxide containing impurities into high-purity liquid carbon dioxide, which can be used to manufacture food additives and the like.
  • the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment 10 mainly includes a liquid carbon dioxide purification system and a liquid ammonia dual-working-condition refrigeration system.
  • the temperature of the low-temperature working condition applicable to the low-temperature working condition ice machine 220 is usually -30°C
  • the standard working condition temperature applicable to the standard working condition ice machine 210 is usually -18°C.
  • the temperature of the low-temperature working condition and the standard working condition can also be adjusted according to actual needs, and there is no special limitation here.
  • liquid ammonia dual-condition refrigeration system adopts the combination of standard operation and low-temperature operation to perform step-by-step cooling, the operation process of liquid ammonia can be effectively optimized, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the refrigeration efficiency of liquid ammonia and reducing the production energy consumption of liquid carbon dioxide production equipment 10. It is a more energy-saving and efficient technology.
  • the main cooling device 130 is communicated with the bottom of the standard-condition ammonia separating device 240, and another part of liquid ammonia at the bottom after being separated by the standard-condition ammonia separating device 240 enters the main cooling device 130 for vaporization and then returns to the standard-condition ammonia separating device 240.
  • liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia circulation device 230 passes through the first heat exchanger 111 at the bottom of the light removal tower 110 to realize its cooling function, it will enter the standard-condition ammonia separation device 240 from the bottom of the light removal tower 110 to realize gas-liquid separation, and then gas ammonia flows out from the top of the standard-condition ammonia separation device 240 until it enters the standard-condition ice machine 210 to realize compression.
  • a part of the liquid ammonia at the bottom of the standard-condition ammonia separation device 240 will continue to flow into the low-temperature ammonia separation device 250 for further The other part of the liquid ammonia enters the main cooling device 130 to realize vaporization, and then returns to the standard-condition ammonia separator 240 to realize the gas-liquid separation of the cycle. In this way, the refrigeration efficiency of liquid ammonia can be further improved.
  • a LICA310 level indication control alarm
  • a valve group 320 matching the LICA310 is also provided on the pipeline connecting the light removal tower 110 and the standard-condition ammonia separation device 240.
  • the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment 10 also includes a top cooling device 140, and the top cooling device 140 communicates with the bottom of the low-temperature ammonia separation device 250, and another part of liquid ammonia at the bottom after being separated by the low-temperature ammonia separation device 250 enters the top cooling device 140 for vaporization and then returns to the low-temperature ammonia separation device 250.
  • a LICA310 is also provided on the low-temperature ammonia separator 250
  • a matching valve group 320 is provided on the pipeline connecting the standard-condition ammonia separator 240 and the low-temperature ammonia separator 250 .
  • the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment 10 also includes a subcooler 150 heat exchange device, the subcooler 150 heat exchange device communicates with the bottom of the subcooled ammonia separation device 260, and another part of the liquid ammonia at the bottom after being separated by the cold ammonia separation device 260 enters the subcooler 150 heat exchange device to vaporize and then returns to the supercooled ammonia separation device 260, so that the refrigeration efficiency of the liquid ammonia can be further improved.
  • a LICA310 is also provided on the heat exchange device of the subcooler 150 and a matching valve group 320 is provided on the corresponding pipeline.
  • the liquid ammonia double working condition refrigeration system also includes several ammonia evaporative condensers 270 , and the standard working condition ice machine 210 and the low temperature working condition ice machine 220 are both connected to the ammonia evaporative condenser 270 . Since the condensation temperature of ammonia increases with the increase of pressure, when the pressure increases to 1.6MPa, the condensation temperature of ammonia is 40°C, which is higher than the temperature of general cooling water, so it can be cooled with normal temperature water at 25-35°C to liquefy it.
  • the specific process is as follows: firstly, the ammonia gas is compressed by the ice machine 210 under the standard working condition and the ice machine 220 under the low temperature working condition, and enters the ammonia evaporative condenser 270, and the heat released by the ammonia gas is taken away by the cooling water, so that the ammonia gas is condensed into liquid ammonia.
  • the liquid ammonia passing through the throttling valve will be lowered from the condensing pressure to the evaporation pressure; the throttling and expanded ammonia evaporates in the ammonia evaporating condenser 270 to absorb the heat taken away by the cooling water, and the liquid ammonia changes into gas ammonia and is sent to the standard working condition ice machine 2 10 and the inlet of the ice machine 220 in low-temperature working conditions, so that a refrigeration cycle is formed, and the cycle continues to run, and the temperature of ammonia will continue to decrease to reach the required temperature.
  • the number of ammonia evaporative condensers 270 is preferably multiple, and the number of ice machines 210 under standard working conditions and ice machines 220 under low temperature working conditions is also preferably multiple.
  • the number of ice machines 210 under standard working conditions and ice machines 220 under low temperature working conditions is also preferably multiple.
  • the specific numbers of the ammonia evaporative condenser 270 , the ice machine 210 under the standard working condition and the ice machine 220 under the low temperature working condition can also be set according to actual design requirements, and there is no special limitation here.
  • the liquid ammonia double-working-condition refrigeration system further includes an auxiliary ammonia storage device 280, one side port of the auxiliary ammonia storage device 280 communicates with the liquid ammonia circulation device 230, and the other side port of the auxiliary ammonia storage device 280 communicates with the ammonia evaporation condenser 270.
  • the auxiliary ammonia storage 280 mainly plays the role of transfer and temporary storage. Wherein, since there are specifically three ammonia evaporative condensers 270 , three ports are correspondingly provided on one side of the auxiliary ammonia storage 280 to respectively connect the three ammonia evaporative condensers 270 .
  • the liquid ammonia circulation device 230 is specifically a high-pressure circulation barrel.
  • the liquid ammonia circulation device 230 is used to store liquid ammonia and transport the liquid ammonia to the first heat exchanger 111 at the bottom of the light removal tower 110, thereby starting the circulation of liquid ammonia in the liquid carbon dioxide purification system, ensuring that gaseous carbon dioxide can be successfully purified and condensed into high-purity liquid carbon dioxide.
  • the liquid ammonia circulation device 230 may also be other devices capable of realizing liquid ammonia circulation operation, but in this embodiment, the high-pressure circulation barrel has the advantage of being simpler and more efficient.
  • the operation process of the liquid ammonia double-working mode refrigeration system in this embodiment will be described in detail below: first, the liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia circulation device 230, that is, the liquid ammonia in the high-pressure circulation barrel, enters the first heat exchanger 111 located at the bottom of the light removal tower 110; Part of the liquid ammonia at the bottom of the device 240 enters the low-temperature ammonia separation device 250, and the other part enters the main cooling device 130 to realize vaporization and heat absorption, and then returns to the standard-condition ammonia separation device 240; the liquid ammonia entering the low-temperature ammonia separation device 250 undergoes further gas-liquid separation, and the gaseous ammonia at the top is transported to the low-temperature working condition ice machine 220 for compression, and the liquid ammonia at the bottom is divided into two parts.
  • the liquefied ammonia entering the supercooled ammonia separation device 260 further realizes gas-liquid separation, and the gaseous ammonia at the top is also transported to the ice machine 220 under low-temperature working conditions for compression, that is, the gas ammonia at the top of the supercooled ammonia separating device 260 and the low-temperature ammonia separating device 250 enters the low-temperature working condition ice machine 220 together for compression.
  • Cold ammonia separation device 260 is
  • the gas ammonia compressed by the standard working condition ice machine 210 and the low temperature working condition ice machine 220 enters the ammonia evaporation condenser 270 to be liquefied, then flows back to the auxiliary ammonia storage 280, and finally flows back to the liquid ammonia circulation device 230 for the next cycle.
  • the present application also proposes a liquid carbon dioxide production equipment 10, wherein the liquid carbon dioxide purification system in the liquid carbon dioxide production equipment 10 is used to purify gaseous carbon dioxide into liquid carbon dioxide, and the liquid ammonia double-working mode refrigeration system is used to compress gaseous ammonia into liquid ammonia and discharge it into the liquid carbon dioxide purification system to realize the liquefaction of gaseous carbon dioxide.
  • the carbon dioxide purification and refining system specifically includes a weight removal tower 120 , a main cooling device 130 , a first gas-liquid separator 160 , a top cooling device 140 , a second gas-liquid separator 170 , a third gas-liquid separator 180 and a light removal tower 110 .
  • the deweighting tower 120 is used for supplying gaseous carbon dioxide to enter to separate the heavy component liquid;
  • the main cooling device 130 communicates with the top of the deweighting tower 120, and is used to cool and liquefy the gaseous carbon dioxide flowing out from the top of the deweighting tower 120 into a mixed fluid containing light components and liquid carbon dioxide;
  • the first gas-liquid separator 160 communicates with the main cooling device 130, and is used for performing gas-liquid separation on the mixed fluid;
  • the top cooling device 140 communicates with the bottom of the deweighting tower 120, for continuing to condense part of the heavy component liquid
  • the second gas-liquid separator 170 is communicated with the bottom of the weight removal tower 120, and is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation to another part of the heavy component liquid;
  • the third gas-liquid separator 180 is communicated with the top cooling device 140, and is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation of the heavy component liquid condensed through the top cooling device 140;
  • the top of the first gas-liquid separator 160 communicates with the top cooling device 140 , so that the light components at the top of the first gas-liquid separator 160 can enter the top cooling device 140 for further condensation.
  • the bottom of the first gas-liquid separator 160 is also connected to the weight removal tower 120, so that part of the liquid at the bottom of the first gas-liquid separator 160 will flow back into the weight removal tower 120, while the other part will enter the weight removal tower 110, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of liquid carbon dioxide and making it more efficient and energy-saving.
  • gaseous carbon dioxide enters the weight removal tower 120 from the lower part of the weight removal tower 120, and after heat exchange in the weight removal tower 120, the gaseous carbon dioxide at the top of the weight removal tower 120 enters the main cooling device 130 for cooling and liquefaction, and the heavy component liquid at the bottom of the weight removal tower 120 will be divided into two parts and discharged to the top cooling device 140 and the second gas-liquid separator 170; After the heavy component liquid is separated by the second gas-liquid separator 170, part of the heavy component at the bottom will be discharged to other processes, and the gaseous carbon dioxide at the top will also be discharged to other processes; the liquid carbon dioxide after cooling down and liquefied in the main cooling device 130 actually contains a certain amount of light components, which is a mixed fluid, and this mixed fluid will enter the first gas-liquid separator 160 for gas-liquid separation.
  • Part of the heavy component liquid at the bottom of the deweighting tower 120 of the top cooling device 140 is condensed in the top cooling device 140 together; the condensed liquid enters the third gas-liquid separator 180 for further gas-liquid separation, and the non-condensable gas light components at the top will be discharged to the next process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de réfrigération à double état de fonctionnement d'ammoniac liquide et un équipement de production de dioxyde de carbone liquide (10). Le système de réfrigération à double état de fonctionnement d'ammoniac liquide comprend les composants suivants : une pluralité de machines à glace à état de fonctionnement standard (210) ; et une pluralité de machines à glace à état de fonctionnement à basse température (220). L'invention concerne également un dispositif de circulation d'ammoniac liquide (230) qui présente une interface en communication avec un premier échangeur de chaleur (111) d'une colonne de retrait de composant de lumière (110), et l'autre interface est en communication séparée avec les machines à glace à état de fonctionnement standard (210) et les machines à glace à état de fonctionnement à basse température (220) ; un dispositif de séparation d'ammoniac à état standard (240) est en communication avec le premier échangeur de chaleur (111), et de l'ammoniac gazeux au sommet qui est séparé par le dispositif de séparation d'ammoniac à état standard (240) entre dans les machines à glace à état de fonctionnement standard (210) pour être comprimé ; un dispositif de séparation d'ammoniac à basse température (250) est en communication avec le fond du dispositif de séparation d'ammoniac à état standard (240), et de l'ammoniac gazeux au sommet qui est séparé par le dispositif de séparation d'ammoniac à basse température (250) entre dans les machines à glace à état de fonctionnement à basse température (220) pour être comprimé ; et un dispositif de séparation d'ammoniac de surfusion (260) est en communication avec le fond du dispositif de séparation d'ammoniac à basse température (250), et de l'ammoniac gazeux au sommet qui est séparé par le dispositif de séparation d'ammoniac de surfusion (260) entre dans les machines à glace à état de fonctionnement à basse température (220) pour être comprimé. Le système de réfrigération à double état de fonctionnement d'ammoniac liquide permet d'améliorer l'efficacité des machines à glace, et de réduire la consommation d'énergie.
PCT/CN2022/121025 2022-01-24 2022-09-23 Système de réfrigération à double état de fonctionnement d'ammoniac liquide et équipement de production de dioxyde de carbone liquide WO2023138089A1 (fr)

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