WO2023135860A1 - Dispositif de soudage au laser et procédé de soudage au laser - Google Patents

Dispositif de soudage au laser et procédé de soudage au laser Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023135860A1
WO2023135860A1 PCT/JP2022/033392 JP2022033392W WO2023135860A1 WO 2023135860 A1 WO2023135860 A1 WO 2023135860A1 JP 2022033392 W JP2022033392 W JP 2022033392W WO 2023135860 A1 WO2023135860 A1 WO 2023135860A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser beam
laser
optical element
welding device
workpiece
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/033392
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
光宏 吉永
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 filed Critical パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Publication of WO2023135860A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023135860A1/fr

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/04—Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
    • B23K26/042—Automatically aligning the laser beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/067—Dividing the beam into multiple beams, e.g. multifocusing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a laser welding device and a laser welding method.
  • a metal material having a high reflectance at near-infrared wavelengths such as copper, is used as an object to be processed by a rotating electric machine.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a welding apparatus that includes two laser oscillators and an optical system that integrates laser beams of different wavelengths oscillated by the laser oscillators, and that irradiates a workpiece with the laser beams. there is In this manner, while preheating the object to be processed with the laser beam of the blue wavelength, the object to be processed is melted by the laser beam of the near-infrared wavelength.
  • the present invention has been made in view of this point, and its object is to enable laser welding while bringing the condensing positions of laser beams of different wavelengths closer together.
  • the present invention is a laser welding apparatus that irradiates a laser beam to a work to laser weld the work, wherein a first laser oscillator that oscillates a first laser beam and the first laser beam have different wavelengths. a second laser oscillator that oscillates a second laser beam; a first laser beam scanning system that changes irradiation positions of the first laser beam and the second laser beam with respect to the work; and a diffractive optical element that changes a focal distance to substantially match the focal position of the second laser beam on the work with the focal position of the first laser beam.
  • the focal distance of the second laser beam emitted from the second laser oscillator is changed by the diffractive optical element, and the second laser beam is brought closer to the focal position of the first laser beam.
  • the condensing positions of the beam and the second laser beam are made substantially coincident.
  • a laser welding apparatus for irradiating a laser beam to a work to laser weld the work, wherein a first laser oscillator for oscillating a first laser beam and the first laser beam have a wavelength of a second laser oscillator that oscillates a second laser beam different from the above; a first laser beam scanning system that changes irradiation positions of the first laser beam and the second laser beam on the workpiece; and the first laser beam scanning system and a second laser beam scanning system for changing the irradiation position of the second laser beam on the workpiece and substantially matching the condensing position of the second laser beam on the workpiece with the condensing position of the first laser beam.
  • the irradiation position of the second laser beam with respect to the first laser beam scanning system is changed by the second laser beam scanning system, and the condensing position of the second laser beam is brought closer to the condensing position of the first laser beam.
  • the condensing positions of the first laser beam and the second laser beam are substantially matched.
  • laser welding can be performed while bringing the condensing positions of the first laser beam and the second laser beam having different wavelengths closer to each other.
  • laser welding can be performed while bringing the focal positions of the first laser beam and the second laser beam having different wavelengths closer to each other.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the configuration of a plurality of electrical conductors in the stator of the rotary electric machine;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a first electrical conductor and a second electrical conductor;
  • FIG. 4B is a plan view showing another configuration of the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor; It is a figure explaining the procedure which joins the edge part of a 1st electrical conductor and a 2nd electrical conductor.
  • 4 is a plan view showing scanning shapes of a first laser beam and a second laser beam;
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating axial chromatic aberration that occurs in the first laser beam and the second laser beam;
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating lateral chromatic aberration that occurs in the first laser beam and the second laser beam;
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength of a laser beam and the focal length difference;
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between mirror swing angle and scanning position;
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between mirror swing angle and scanning position difference; It is a figure explaining the condensing position of a 1st laser beam.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a function of branching a laser beam in a branching optical element;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a function of branching a laser beam in a branching optical element;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a function of splitting a laser beam and a function of changing a condensing distance in a three-dimensional diffraction grating;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which axial chromatic aberration generated in the first laser beam and the second laser beam is reduced;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which chromatic aberration of magnification occurs in the first laser beam and the second laser beam; It is a figure which shows the state which changed the mirror angle of the 1st correction
  • FIG. 5 is a side view showing the configuration of a laser welding device according to Embodiment 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a side view showing the configuration of a laser welding device according to Embodiment 2;
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state in which longitudinal chromatic aberration occurs when the first laser beam is branched but the second laser beam is not branched;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a state in which axial chromatic aberration occurs when the first laser beam and the second laser beam are split; It is a figure which shows the state which reduced longitudinal chromatic aberration.
  • FIG. 11 is a side view showing the configuration of a laser welding device according to Embodiment 3;
  • FIG. 11 is a side view showing the configuration of a laser welding device according to Embodiment 4;
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating axial chromatic aberration that occurs in the first laser beam, the second laser beam, and the third laser beam;
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating lateral chromatic aberration that occurs in the first laser beam, the second laser beam, and the third laser beam;
  • the laser welding device 1 emits a first laser beam LB1 and a second laser beam LB2 to a welding target portion 13 of a rotary electric machine 10 as a work.
  • the parts to be welded 13 are ends of the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 .
  • the ends of the first electrical conductor 11 and the ends of the second electrical conductor 12 are joined together by laser welding.
  • the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 are, for example, the coils 17 of the stator 15 of the rotating electrical machine 10 .
  • the laser welding device 1 manufactures the rotating electric machine 10 by laser-welding the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 .
  • the rotary electric machine 10 of this embodiment can be applied to, for example, a motor for driving a vehicle, a generator, and the like. Although the rotary electric machine 10 is described as an example of the work, the work is not limited to this.
  • the rotating electric machine 10 has a stator 15 and a rotor (not shown).
  • the stator 15 has a stator core 16 and coils 17 .
  • Stator core 16 is formed in a cylindrical shape.
  • the rotor is arranged inside the stator core 16 .
  • a plurality of slots 18 are provided in the stator core 16 .
  • the slots 18 extend axially through the stator core 16 along a central axis C (see FIG. 1).
  • a plurality of slots 18 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the central axis C of the stator core 16 .
  • the coil 17 is inserted through the slot 18.
  • the coil 17 is configured by bundling a plurality of electrical conductors made of copper, for example.
  • the coil 17 has a first electrical conductor 11 and a second electrical conductor 12 .
  • the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 are arranged adjacent to each other.
  • the ends of the first electrical conductor 11 and the ends of the second electrical conductor 12 protrude from the slot 18 .
  • the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 have end face shapes with a thickness t of 2 mm and an end face width W of 4 mm, for example. Also, the gap between the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 is, for example, about 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
  • first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 are covered with a coating 19 made of resin or the like over the entire surface. It is assumed that the covering portion 19 is removed.
  • the ends of the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 do not necessarily have to be in contact with each other, but only need to be close to each other with a slight gap. That is, at the start of laser emission, there is no need to use some mechanism to apply an external force to the ends of the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 to keep them in close contact with each other.
  • the ends of the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 are arranged so as to line up in the thickness direction, but it is not limited to this form.
  • the tip portions of the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 may be butted against each other.
  • the laser welding apparatus 1 includes a first laser oscillator 21, a second laser oscillator 22, a laser head 25, a first diffractive optical element 32, a rotary table 34, and a first folding mirror 35. , a first correction mirror 36 as a second laser beam scanning system, and a controller 40 .
  • the first laser oscillator 21 emits a first laser beam LB1.
  • the output of the first laser oscillator 21 is, for example, 1 to 5 kW.
  • the wavelength of the first laser beam LB1 is 800-1200 nm, preferably around 1070 nm (particularly 1060-1080 nm), and is called the IR wavelength. Since the first laser beam LB1 can increase the laser output, it is used as a laser beam mainly for melting and joining workpieces during laser welding.
  • the first laser beam LB1 emitted from the first laser oscillator 21 is transmitted to the laser head 25 through space.
  • the first laser beam LB1 may be transmitted via an optical fiber or the like.
  • the second laser oscillator 22 oscillates the second laser beam LB2.
  • the output of the second laser oscillator 22 is, for example, about several hundred W to 1 kW.
  • the wavelength of the second laser beam LB2 is different from the wavelength of the first laser beam LB1.
  • the wavelength of the second laser beam LB2 is near 450 nm (particularly 400 to 460 nm) or near 532 nm (particularly 520 to 550 nm), and is called a blue wavelength.
  • the laser output of the second laser beam LB2 It is difficult to increase the laser output of the second laser beam LB2, so it is used for preheating the workpiece at the start of laser processing, starting welding, and improving welding quality. However, if the laser output and beam quality of the second laser beam LB2 are improved in the future, it may be used instead of the first laser oscillator 21 .
  • the second laser beam LB2 emitted from the second laser oscillator 22 is transmitted to the laser head 25 through space.
  • the second laser beam LB2 may be transmitted via an optical fiber or the like.
  • the combination of the wavelength of the first laser beam LB1 and the wavelength of the second laser beam LB2 is not limited to this.
  • the laser head 25 has a galvanomirror 26 as a first laser beam scanning system and an f ⁇ lens 28 .
  • the galvanomirror 26 controls the direction of travel of the first laser beam LB1 emitted from the first laser oscillator 21 and the second laser beam LB2 emitted from the second laser oscillator 22 by changing the mirror angle.
  • the galvanomirror 26 is composed of two mirrors for the X-axis and the Y-axis, but since the drawing is complicated, only one mirror will be illustrated and explained.
  • the f ⁇ lens 28 converges the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 reflected by the galvanomirror 26 .
  • the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 are irradiated with the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 condensed by the f ⁇ lens 28 .
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 changes the focal length of the second laser beam LB2 emitted from the second laser oscillator 22.
  • the condensing distance that changes at this time is determined by the design of the first diffractive optical element 32 .
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 is composed of, for example, a three-dimensional diffraction grating (3D-DOE).
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 is used to correct longitudinal chromatic aberration caused by the difference between the wavelength of the first laser beam LB1 and the wavelength of the second laser beam LB2.
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 is used in order to have the function of changing the focal distance of the second laser beam LB2.
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 may be used to provide .
  • the branching angle at this time is determined by the design of the first diffractive optical element 32 .
  • the first folding mirror 35 reflects the first laser beam LB1 and transmits the second laser beam LB2.
  • the first laser beam LB1 is guided to the laser head 25 after being reflected by the first folding mirror 35 .
  • the second laser beam LB2 is guided to the laser head 25 after passing through the first folding mirror 35 .
  • the first correction mirror 36 is composed of, for example, a piezo mirror.
  • the first correction mirror 36 controls the traveling direction of the second laser beam LB2 emitted from the second laser oscillator 22 by changing the mirror angle.
  • the first correction mirror 36 is used to correct the chromatic aberration of magnification caused by the difference between the wavelength of the first laser beam LB1 and the wavelength of the second laser beam LB2.
  • the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 are emitted to the ends of the first electrical conductor 11 .
  • a melted portion 7 is formed by partially melting the first electrical conductor 11 .
  • the melting range of the melting portion 7 increases.
  • the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 are connected to each other via the fusion zone 7 .
  • the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 are emitted to the end of the first electrical conductor 11, but it is not limited to this form.
  • the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 may be emitted to the end portion of the second electrical conductor 12, or to the intermediate portion of the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12, or the like.
  • the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 are applied in a spiral shape so as to straddle the end of the first electrical conductor 11 and the end of the second electrical conductor 12. It is sufficient to scan along a trajectory of a shape.
  • the scanning shape of the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 is not limited to this, and may be spiral, for example.
  • the controller 40 includes a first laser oscillator controller 41, a second laser oscillator controller 42, a laser head controller 50, a first correction mirror controller 51, and a rotary table controller. 55 and
  • the first laser oscillator control unit 41 controls the operation of the first laser oscillator 21 to adjust the output of the first laser beam LB1.
  • the second laser oscillator control unit 42 controls the operation of the second laser oscillator 22 to adjust the output of the second laser beam LB2.
  • a laser head control unit 50 controls the operation of the laser head 25 . Specifically, the laser head control unit 50 changes the irradiation positions of the first laser beam LB ⁇ b>1 and the second laser beam LB ⁇ b>2 with respect to the rotary electric machine 10 by changing the mirror angle of the galvanomirror 26 .
  • the galvanomirror 26 changes the irradiation positions of the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 with respect to the f ⁇ lens 28 so that the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB1 with respect to the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 Change the irradiation position of LB2.
  • the first correction mirror control unit 51 changes the irradiation position of the second laser beam LB2 on the galvanomirror 26 by changing the mirror angle of the first correction mirror 36 .
  • the first correction mirror control unit 51 operates the first correction mirror 36 so as to correct the irradiation position of the second laser beam LB2 based on the first laser beam LB1 emitted from the first laser oscillator 21. Control.
  • the rotary table control unit 55 controls the operation of the rotary table 34 . Specifically, the rotary table control unit 55 continuously rotates the rotary electric machine 10 about the central axis C, thereby adjusting the relative positions of the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 and the laser head 25. change.
  • the first laser beam LB1 emitted from the first laser oscillator 21 is reflected by the first folding mirror 35, then reflected by the galvanomirror 26 inclined at an angle of 45°, and is reflected by the f ⁇ lens.
  • the light passes through the central portion of 28 and irradiates the welding target portion 13 .
  • the second laser beam LB2 emitted from the second laser oscillator 22 is reflected by the galvanomirror 26 inclined at an angle of 45° after being folded by the first correction mirror 36, and transmitted through the central portion of the f ⁇ lens 28.
  • the welding object 13 is irradiated with the light.
  • the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 are coaxially irradiated.
  • Axial chromatic aberration is chromatic aberration that occurs on the optical axis, and is a phenomenon in which the position of the focal point differs on the optical axis.
  • a focus position shift of about 10 to 20 mm occurs.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an image in which the focal point 62 of the second laser beam LB2 is shorter than the focal point 61 of the first laser beam LB1.
  • the longitudinal chromatic aberration amount is a.
  • the condensing position of the first laser beam LB1 shifts from the center position of the f ⁇ lens 28 in the XY directions. change to At this time, the focal position of the second laser beam LB2 changes to a position shifted in the XY directions from the center position of the f ⁇ lens 28, like the first laser beam LB1.
  • the wavelength of the first laser beam LB1 and the wavelength of the second laser beam LB2 are different, chromatic aberration of magnification occurs, and the deviation amount of the focus position of the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam The amount of deviation of the condensing position of LB2 is different.
  • Laser chromatic aberration is an aberration that occurs when laser scanning is performed, and occurs in the XY directions in which laser scanning is performed.
  • the amount of deviation of the focal point 62 of the second laser beam LB2 is larger than the amount of deviation of the focal point 61 of the first laser beam LB1 with respect to the center position of the f ⁇ lens 28. is illustrated.
  • a be the amount of axial chromatic aberration
  • b be the amount of lateral chromatic aberration.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing how much aberration (condensing position deviation) actually occurs between the first laser beam LB1 having an IR wavelength and the second laser beam LB2 having a blue wavelength. shown in the figure.
  • an axial chromatic aberration amount a of about 17 mm is generated.
  • the degree of chromatic aberration of magnification caused by the difference in wavelength between the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 is calculated and shown in a graph.
  • the amount of chromatic aberration of magnification b occurs in the vicinity of the mirror swing angle of 5° of the galvanomirror 26.
  • the lateral chromatic aberration amount b of about 1.6 mm occurs near the mirror swing angle of 5°.
  • the amount of axial chromatic aberration and the amount of chromatic aberration of magnification increase. Therefore, in order to ensure welding quality, it is necessary to reduce axial chromatic aberration and lateral chromatic aberration. .
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 is often used to split the second laser beam LB2.
  • a three-dimensional diffractive optical element (3D-DOE) is used that also has the ability to modify.
  • the second laser beam LB2 is divided into a condensing point 62a and a condensing point 62a. It is bifurcated at point 62b.
  • the focal point 62a and the focal point 62b have the same focal length.
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 having not only the function of branching the second laser beam LB2 but also the function of changing the condensing distance as in this embodiment is introduced, as shown in FIG.
  • the two-branched laser beams can be condensed at condensing points 62a and 62b having different condensing distances.
  • the surface including the condensing point 62a is defined as the A surface
  • the surface including the condensing point 62b is defined as the B surface.
  • the condensed point 62a is condensed, but the condensed point 62b' is not condensed and is blurred.
  • the condensed point 62b is condensed, but the condensed point 62a' is not condensed and is blurred.
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 is arranged between the second laser oscillator 22 and the first correction mirror 36 so that the focal point of the first laser beam LB1 is 61 and the focal point 62 of the second laser beam LB2 can be set at the same coaxial position. Thereby, longitudinal chromatic aberration can be reduced.
  • the second laser beam LB2 emitted from the second laser oscillator 22 is applied to the welding target portion 13 via the first correction mirror 36, the galvanomirror 26, and the f ⁇ lens 28.
  • the first correction mirror 36 by moving the first correction mirror 36 by a very small amount (for example, 10 ⁇ rad or less), the second laser beam LB2 whose position is displaced in the XY direction with respect to the condensing point 61 of the first laser beam LB1 is focused.
  • the light spot 62 can be brought closer to the condensing point 61 .
  • the chromatic aberration of magnification can be reduced. That is, the first correction mirror 36 changes the irradiation position of the second laser beam LB2 on the galvanomirror 26 so that the converging point 62 of the second laser beam LB2 on the rotary electric machine 10 is changed to the converging point 61 of the first laser beam LB1. approximately match.
  • substantially coincident means that the distance between the two focal points is within 2 mm.
  • the first correction mirror 36 adjusts the irradiation position of the second laser beam LB2 so that the focal point 62 of the second laser beam LB2 is within 0.05 mm from the focal point 61 of the first laser beam LB1. change. This makes it possible to bring the condensing positions of the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 closer together.
  • the first correction mirror 36 changes the irradiation position of the second laser beam LB2 so that the converging point 62 of the second laser beam LB2 is within 0.01 mm from the converging point 61 of the first laser beam LB1. good too.
  • the amount of movement of the first correction mirror 36 is particularly small, it is desirable to use a piezo mirror using a piezo element in the drive section as a configuration that enables highly accurate position adjustment.
  • a general galvanomirror or the like may be used.
  • the laser welding apparatus 1 includes a first laser oscillator 21, a second laser oscillator 22, a laser head 25, a branching optical element 31, a first diffraction optical element 32, a rotary table 34, and a , a first folding mirror 35 , a first correction mirror 36 , and a controller 40 .
  • the branching optical element 31 branches the first laser beam LB1 emitted from the first laser oscillator 21 into two branched beams.
  • the branching angle at this time is determined by the design of the branching optical element 31 .
  • the branching optical element 31 is mounted on the first angle changing portion 31a.
  • the first angle changer 31a changes the angle of the branching optical element 31 by rotating the branching optical element 31 in the circumferential direction when viewed from the optical axis direction of the first laser beam LB1. Thereby, the branching directions of the two branched beams can be changed.
  • the branching optical element 31 is composed of, for example, a DOE (diffractive optical element). If the first laser beam LB1 is simply split, the splitting optical element 31 may be composed of other optical elements such as a triangular prism.
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 is mounted on the second angle changer 32a.
  • the second angle changing section 32a changes the angle of the first diffractive optical element 32 by rotating the first diffractive optical element 32 in the circumferential direction when viewed from the optical axis direction of the second laser beam LB2. Thereby, the branching directions of the two branched beams can be changed.
  • the control unit 40 includes a first laser oscillator control unit 41, a second laser oscillator control unit 42, a first angle change control unit 45, a second angle change control unit 46, a laser head control unit 50, a first It has a correction mirror controller 51 and a rotary table controller 55 .
  • the first angle change control section 45 controls the operation of the first angle change section 31a so as to change the angle of the branching optical element 31.
  • the second angle change control section 46 controls the operation of the second angle change section 32a so as to change the angle of the first diffractive optical element 32.
  • the first laser beam LB1 is split while the second laser beam LB2 is not split.
  • the branching optical element 31 is arranged between the first laser oscillator 21 and the first folding mirror 35 .
  • the branching optical element 31 has a function of branching the first laser beam LB1.
  • the first laser beam LB1 is split into two split beams by passing through the splitting optical element 31 .
  • the first laser beam LB1 is split and condensed at a condensing point 61a and a condensing point 61b at the condensing position.
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 having a laser splitting function is not arranged between the second laser oscillator 22 and the first correction mirror 36 . Therefore, the second laser beam LB2 is condensed at one condensing point 62 at the condensing position.
  • the focal point 62 has a shorter focal distance than the focal points 61a and 61b. Therefore, the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 are condensed at positions separated in the optical axis direction, making it difficult to perform high-quality laser processing.
  • the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 are split.
  • a branching optical element 101 having a laser branching function is arranged between the second laser oscillator 22 and the first correction mirror 36 .
  • the branching optical element 101 has a function of branching the second laser beam LB2.
  • the second laser beam LB2 is split into two split beams by passing through the splitting optical element 101.
  • the second laser beam LB2 is split and condensed at a condensing point 62a and a condensing point 62b at the condensing position.
  • the wavelength of the second laser beam LB2 is shorter than the wavelength of the first laser beam LB1
  • the focal point 62a and the focal point 62b have a longer focal distance than the focal point 61a and the focal point 61b. Shorten. Therefore, the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 are condensed at positions separated in the optical axis direction, making it difficult to perform high-quality laser processing.
  • a function of branching the second laser beam LB2 and a function of changing the focal distance are provided between the second laser oscillator 22 and the first correction mirror 36.
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 is arranged.
  • the condensing points 61a and 61b of the branched beams of the first laser beam LB1 and the condensing points 62a and 62b of the branched beams of the second laser beam LB2 can be substantially aligned.
  • substantially coincident means that the distance between the two focal points is within 2 mm.
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 is such that the condensing points 62a and 62b of the second laser beam LB2 are within 0.05 mm from the condensing points 61a and 61b of the first laser beam LB1, respectively.
  • the condensing distance of the second laser beam LB2 is changed so that .
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 is arranged so that the converging points 62a and 62b of the second laser beam LB2 are within 0.01 mm from the converging points 61a and 61b of the first laser beam LB1, respectively. Additionally, the focal distance of the second laser beam LB2 may be changed. However, it is also possible to move one of the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 in advance within the above numerical range from the processing conditions. In efforts to improve welding quality by preheating and the like, the second laser beam LB2 is often preceded.
  • the mirror angle of the galvano mirror 26 when the mirror angle of the galvano mirror 26 is changed, chromatic aberration of magnification occurs between the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2.
  • the mirror angle of the first correction mirror 36 may be changed to reduce the chromatic aberration of magnification.
  • the first correction mirror 36 is composed of a piezo mirror mounted with a mirror having a lens function.
  • the surface of the first correction mirror 36 is formed concave.
  • both the axial chromatic aberration and the chromatic aberration of magnification generated between the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 having different wavelengths can be reduced.
  • the first diffractive optical element 32 When such an advanced optical system is used, there is no need to provide the first diffractive optical element 32 to reduce longitudinal chromatic aberration. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 22, the first diffractive optical element 32 is not provided, and a simpler configuration can be adopted.
  • the laser welding apparatus 1 includes a first laser oscillator 21, a second laser oscillator 22, a third laser oscillator 23, a laser head 25, a branching optical element 31, and a first diffractive optical element.
  • the third laser oscillator 23 oscillates the third laser beam LB3.
  • the wavelength of the third laser beam LB3 is different from the wavelengths of the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2.
  • the wavelength of the third laser oscillator 23 is, for example, around 1300 nm (especially 1250 to 1350 nm).
  • the third laser beam LB3 is assumed to be a measurement light for measuring the penetration depth of the welding target portion 13, but may be used as a processing laser beam.
  • the wavelengths of the first laser beam LB1, the second laser beam LB2, and the third laser beam LB3 are all different, the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the wavelength of the third laser beam LB3 may be the same as the wavelength of the first laser beam LB1, and the laser output of the first laser beam LB1 may be increased.
  • the configuration may be such that the second laser oscillator 22 and the second laser oscillator control section 42 are not mounted. That is, the penetration depth of the first electrical conductor 11 and the second electrical conductor 12 melted by the first laser beam LB1 can be measured by the third laser beam LB3.
  • longitudinal chromatic aberration occurs between the first laser beam LB1, the second laser beam LB2, and the third laser beam LB3 having different wavelengths.
  • the focal point 61 of the first medium-wavelength laser beam LB1 converges on the focal point 62 of the short-wavelength second laser beam LB2 by a predetermined longitudinal chromatic aberration amount a1 in the optical axis direction. Distance is getting longer.
  • the focal point 63 of the long-wavelength third laser beam LB3 is located at a focal distance a2 in the optical axis direction with respect to the focal point 62 of the short-wavelength second laser beam LB2. getting longer.
  • the focal point 61 of the first laser beam LB1 of medium wavelength is located at a focal point 62 of the second laser beam LB2 of short wavelength by a predetermined amount of chromatic aberration of magnification b1 in the X direction. out of alignment.
  • the condensing point 63 of the long-wavelength third laser beam LB3 is displaced from the condensing point 62 of the short-wavelength second laser beam LB2 by a predetermined amount of chromatic aberration of magnification b2 in the X direction.
  • the second diffractive optical element 33 changes the focal length of the third laser beam LB3 emitted from the third laser oscillator .
  • the condensing distance that changes at this time is determined by the design of the second diffractive optical element 33 .
  • the second diffractive optical element 33 is composed of, for example, a three-dimensional diffraction grating (3D-DOE).
  • the second diffractive optical element 33 is used in order to change the condensing distance of the third laser beam LB3.
  • the second diffractive optical element 33 may be used in order to provide the .
  • the branching angle at this time is determined by the design of the second diffractive optical element 33 .
  • the second diffractive optical element 33 is mounted on the third angle changer 33a.
  • the third angle changer 33a changes the angle of the second diffractive optical element 33 by rotating the second diffractive optical element 33 in the circumferential direction when viewed from the optical axis direction of the third laser beam LB3. Thereby, the branching direction of the third laser beam LB3 can be changed.
  • the second correction mirror 37 is composed of, for example, a piezo mirror.
  • the second correction mirror 37 controls the traveling direction of the third laser beam LB3 emitted from the third laser oscillator 23 by changing the mirror angle.
  • the second correction mirror 37 is used to correct the chromatic aberration of magnification caused by the wavelengths of the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 being different from the wavelength of the third laser beam LB3.
  • the second folding mirror 38 transmits the second laser beam LB2 and reflects the third laser beam LB3.
  • the second laser beam LB2 is guided to the laser head 25 after passing through the second folding mirror 38 and the first folding mirror 35 .
  • the third laser beam LB ⁇ b>3 is reflected by the second folding mirror 38 , passes through the first folding mirror 35 , and is guided to the laser head 25 .
  • the control unit 40 includes a first laser oscillator control unit 41, a second laser oscillator control unit 42, a third laser oscillator control unit 43, a first angle change control unit 45, a second angle change control unit 46, It has a third angle change control section 47 , a laser head control section 50 , a first correction mirror control section 51 , a second correction mirror control section 52 and a rotary table control section 55 .
  • the third laser oscillator controller 43 controls the operation of the third laser oscillator 23 to adjust the output of the third laser beam LB3.
  • the third angle change control section 47 controls the operation of the third angle change section 33a so as to change the angle of the second diffractive optical element 33.
  • the second correction mirror control unit 52 changes the irradiation position of the third laser beam LB3 on the galvanomirror 26 by changing the mirror angle of the second correction mirror 37 .
  • the second correction mirror control unit 52 controls the second correction mirror 37 so as to correct the irradiation position of the third laser beam LB3 based on the first laser beam LB1 emitted from the first laser oscillator 21. control behavior.
  • the coil 17 is made of copper in this embodiment, it may be made of aluminum or other materials.
  • the branching optical element 31 and the first diffraction optical element 32 are of a type that simply branches the first laser beam LB1 and the second laser beam LB2 into two, but they are limited to this form. not a thing
  • the beam may be multi-branched or modified into a ring-shaped or concentric point-branched shape around the bifurcated main laser beam. You may make it use the optical element which forms.
  • the output of the first laser beam LB1 may be adjusted based on the irradiation position of the first laser beam LB1 on the welding target portion 13. For example, when irradiating the first laser beam LB1 along the helical trajectory, the laser output may be controlled during processing, such as lowering the laser output at the end of processing.
  • a revolver-type replacement system When changing the type of the branching optical element 31 or the first diffractive optical element 32, a revolver-type replacement system may be used. As a result, it is possible to reduce labor for position adjustment and the like when exchanging the branching optical element 31 .
  • the present invention has a highly practical effect that laser welding can be performed while bringing the focusing positions of laser beams having different wavelengths closer together. expensive.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif de soudage au laser met en œuvre un soudage au laser sur une pièce à travailler par irradiation de la pièce à travailler avec un faisceau laser. Le dispositif de soudage au laser comprend : un premier oscillateur laser qui émet un premier faisceau laser ; un second oscillateur laser qui émet un second faisceau laser ; un premier système de balayage de faisceau laser qui modifie les positions d'irradiation du premier faisceau laser et du second faisceau laser par rapport à la pièce à travailler ; et un premier élément optique de diffraction qui modifie la distance de condensation de lumière du second faisceau laser par rapport à la pièce à travailler de façon à amener la position de condensation de lumière du second faisceau laser sur la pièce à travailler à coïncider sensiblement avec la position de condensation de lumière du premier faisceau laser.
PCT/JP2022/033392 2022-01-14 2022-09-06 Dispositif de soudage au laser et procédé de soudage au laser WO2023135860A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022004409 2022-01-14
JP2022-004409 2022-01-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023135860A1 true WO2023135860A1 (fr) 2023-07-20

Family

ID=87278810

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2022/033392 WO2023135860A1 (fr) 2022-01-14 2022-09-06 Dispositif de soudage au laser et procédé de soudage au laser

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2023135860A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009063670A1 (fr) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-22 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Dispositif et procédé d'usinage au laser
JP2010082672A (ja) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-15 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk レーザ加工装置およびレーザ加工方法
JP2014024105A (ja) * 2012-07-30 2014-02-06 Miyachi Technos Corp レーザ加工システム及びレーザ加工方法
JP2019536635A (ja) * 2016-11-21 2019-12-19 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ 直接金属レーザ溶接の冷却速度制御のためのインラインレーザスキャナ

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009063670A1 (fr) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-22 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Dispositif et procédé d'usinage au laser
JP2010082672A (ja) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-15 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk レーザ加工装置およびレーザ加工方法
JP2014024105A (ja) * 2012-07-30 2014-02-06 Miyachi Technos Corp レーザ加工システム及びレーザ加工方法
JP2019536635A (ja) * 2016-11-21 2019-12-19 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ 直接金属レーザ溶接の冷却速度制御のためのインラインレーザスキャナ

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN112469526B (zh) 使用内联相干成像(ici)监视和/或控制摆动处理的系统和方法
JP7013413B2 (ja) レーザ加工装置及びレーザ加工方法
JP7154132B2 (ja) ビーム位置合わせ及び／又はウォブル移動を提供するデュアル可動ミラーを有するレーザー切断ヘッド
KR102536222B1 (ko) 빔 이동을 제공하는 이중 가동 미러를 갖는 레이저 용접 헤드
US20230030159A1 (en) Methods and laser welding devices for deep welding a workpiece
WO2019198442A1 (fr) Procédé de soudage au laser et dispositif de soudage au laser
JP5446334B2 (ja) レーザ溶接装置、およびレーザ溶接方法
JP4687243B2 (ja) レーザ溶接方法及びレーザ溶接装置
WO2022004610A1 (fr) Dispositif de soudage au laser et procédé de soudage au laser
WO2023135860A1 (fr) Dispositif de soudage au laser et procédé de soudage au laser
JP7060335B2 (ja) 溶接装置および溶接方法
WO2023135859A1 (fr) Dispositif de soudage au laser
JP6780544B2 (ja) レーザ溶接装置
US20180361515A1 (en) Method for detecting hole in laser-welded portion and laser welding device
WO2023281930A1 (fr) Dispositif de soudage au laser, procédé de soudage au laser, et procédé de fabrication d'une machine électrique rotative
JP7113315B2 (ja) レーザ溶接方法
JP7262081B2 (ja) レーザ加工装置および光学調整方法
JP2022011883A (ja) 溶接方法、溶接装置、および金属導体の溶接構造
JP2023112735A (ja) レーザ溶接方法
US20230278139A1 (en) Welding method and laser device
US20230330776A1 (en) Method of manufacturing metal component and laser welding apparatus
JPH04322892A (ja) レーザ加工装置及びレーザ加工方法
US20220395925A1 (en) Method for laser machining a workpiece and associated laser machining system
WO2021107042A1 (fr) Oscillateur laser
JP2024052264A (ja) レーザ溶接方法およびレーザ溶接装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22920384

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2023573835

Country of ref document: JP