WO2023134318A1 - 一种连接部件、电池单体、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

一种连接部件、电池单体、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023134318A1
WO2023134318A1 PCT/CN2022/135566 CN2022135566W WO2023134318A1 WO 2023134318 A1 WO2023134318 A1 WO 2023134318A1 CN 2022135566 W CN2022135566 W CN 2022135566W WO 2023134318 A1 WO2023134318 A1 WO 2023134318A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding
connection part
electrode terminal
connecting part
groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/135566
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱文琪
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023134318A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023134318A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the electrode assembly inside the casing is generally connected to the electrode terminal on the end cover through the connecting part to transmit the internal current to the electrode terminal.
  • the connection part and the electrode terminal are fixedly connected by welding, but the connection part and the electrode terminal may be separated after welding.
  • connection component a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can solve the problem of cracking and detachment of the welding structure between the connection component and the electrode terminal, and improve the stability of welding.
  • a connecting part is provided, the connecting part is used to connect the electrode terminal of the battery cell and the electrode assembly, the connecting part is provided with a stress relief structure, and the stress releasing structure is used to release the welding between the connecting part and the electrode terminal stress at the place.
  • the stress relief structure includes a groove.
  • the groove By setting the groove, when the first connecting part is welded with the electrode terminal, the welding area on the first connecting part can shrink smoothly into the groove during welding, so as to realize the release of welding stress, and then ensure that the first connecting part Stability of welded structure with electrode terminals.
  • one ends of the plurality of grooves meet at the center of the first connecting portion.
  • the welding stress will be more concentrated at the center of the first connecting part, by placing one end of the plurality of grooves at the center of the first connecting part
  • the converging arrangement at the center can make the welding area on the first connecting part shrink and the welding stress gathered at the center can be fully released, so as to ensure the stability of the welding structure.
  • the first connecting portion is provided with a through hole at the junction.
  • the metal chips produced during the processing of the groove fall out of the through hole, thereby preventing the metal chips from falling and accumulating in the groove and affecting the subsequent welding.
  • the first connecting part can shrink inward smoothly to generate deformation during the welding process, so that the welding stress gathered at the center can be released smoothly through the through hole .
  • the width of the groove is w, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.3 mm. Setting the width w of the groove in the range of greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.3 mm can not only ensure the first connecting part has a reliable structural strength, but also realize the effective release of welding stress when the first connecting part is welded to the electrode terminal .
  • the groove is disposed through the first connecting portion.
  • the first connection part forms a free end on the inner wall of the groove, so that when welding, the first connection part around the groove It can quickly and smoothly shrink and deform into the groove, and the width of the groove is correspondingly reduced, so that the welding stress can be released quickly and effectively.
  • the molten pool generated by welding can be stably welded together with the side wall of the groove and the outer wall of the electrode terminal in the subsequent solidification process after entering the groove, so as to fully enhance the first connection. Stability of the welding structure between the connecting part and the electrode terminal.
  • the top wall of the protrusion is the welding area, it can be quickly determined on the connecting part. the welding position.
  • By forming a concave portion on the side of the second connecting portion away from the first connecting portion it is easy to control the welding track within the concave portion, thereby avoiding damage to the structure outside the welding area due to the inability to accurately determine the boundary of the welding area.
  • the thickness of the welding area of the connecting part is too large, there will be a situation where it cannot be welded through, resulting in welding failure. Therefore, by forming a concave part corresponding to the protrusion on the side of the second connecting part far away from the first connecting part, it can ensure that the top wall The thickness ensures the feasibility of welding and fixing with the electrode terminals.
  • a battery cell including: an electrode terminal, an electrode assembly, and any one of the connection parts described above, where the connection part connects the electrode terminal and the electrode assembly.
  • an electrical device including a plurality of the above-mentioned battery cells.
  • the welding area on the connection part can shrink and deform smoothly inward during welding, so as to realize the release of welding stress, so as to ensure that the connection part and the electrode terminal.
  • the stability of the welding structure avoids stress cracks or detachment after the connecting parts and electrode terminals are welded, which will affect the product quality of the battery cell.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another viewing angle of the connecting component provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a connecting part provided in another embodiment of the present application at the ring-shaped wave-like structure;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic top view structural diagram of the connection part provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the connecting part at the groove provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a connecting part at a groove provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a connecting component assembled on a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 12a is a schematic top view of the connection part provided by the embodiment of the present application after soldering is formed;
  • Fig. 12b is a schematic top view of the connection part after soldering is formed according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12c is a schematic top view structural view of the connection component provided by another embodiment of the present application after soldering is formed.
  • a battery cell 20 an end cap 21, an electrode lead-out hole 211, an electrode terminal 21a, a casing 22, an electrode assembly 23, a tab 23a, and a sealing ring 24;
  • connection part 500 The connection part 500 , the stress relief structure 510 , the groove 511 , the annular wave structure 512 , the first connection part 520 , the through hole 521 , the protrusion 522 , the top wall 5221 , the side wall 5222 , the recess 523 , and the second connection part 530 .
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to two or more groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to More than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, firepower, wind power and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of battery application fields, its market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • connection part is generally in the shape of a sheet, a part of the area is connected to the electrode assembly, and another part of the area is connected to the electrode terminal.
  • welding is usually used to connect the connection component to the electrode terminal and form a current channel.
  • welding stress Due to the shrinkage of the weld seam during welding, welding stress will be generated. Specifically, the internal stress caused by welding in the workpiece to be welded is called welding stress. According to the different periods of welding stress generation, welding stress can be divided into welding instantaneous stress and welding residual stress. Welding instantaneous stress is the stress that changes with temperature during welding; welding residual stress is the residual stress after the welded workpiece is cooled to the initial temperature. According to the different orientations of the welding stress in the workpiece to be welded, the welding stress can be divided into longitudinal stress, transverse stress and thickness stress. In fact, welding stress is all three-dimensional stress, but for thin plates, the thickness stress is relatively small and can be treated as two-dimensional stress.
  • the inventors of the present application noticed that after the connecting member and the electrode terminal were welded, the connecting member and the electrode terminal were separated. Through research, it is found that due to the large welding stress generated when the connecting part and the electrode terminal are welded, it is easy to cause stress cracks at the welding place between the connecting part and the electrode terminal. When the welding stress is too large, it will also cause the connecting part and the electrode terminal Detachment occurs, causing an open circuit condition, which prevents the battery cells from functioning properly.
  • connection part by providing a stress relief structure on the connection part, for example, opening a groove in the welding area on the connection part or setting a ring-shaped wave-shaped structure on the outer periphery of the welding area, so that the welding connection part and the electrode When the terminal is connected, the welding area on the connecting part can shrink and deform into the groove to release the welding stress during welding, or the ring-shaped wavy structure on the outer periphery of the welding area on the connecting part can be deformed and stretched inward to release the welding stress , so as to ensure the stability of the welding structure between the connecting part and the electrode terminal.
  • the batteries disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source.
  • the electric device can be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • a vehicle 1000 as an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application is taken as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the interior of the vehicle 1000 is provided with a battery 100 , and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a case 10 and battery cells 20 housed in the case 10 .
  • the box body 10 is used to provide accommodating space for the battery cells 20 , and the box body 10 may adopt various structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12, the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a of accommodation space.
  • the second part 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first part 11 can be a plate-shaped structure, and the first part 11 covers the opening side of the second part 12, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define an accommodation space ;
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can also be hollow structures with one side opening, and the opening side of the first part 11 is covered by the opening side of the second part 12 .
  • the box body 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid and the like.
  • the battery 100 there may be multiple battery cells 20 , and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells 20 is housed in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20
  • the battery modules are firstly connected in series or parallel or in combination, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel or in combination to form a whole, which is accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may also include a bus component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell 20 in a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit constituting a battery.
  • the battery cell 20 includes an end cover 21 , a casing 22 , an electrode assembly 23 and other functional components.
  • the end cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of the casing 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to fit the housing 22 .
  • the end cap 21 can be made of a material (such as aluminum alloy) with a certain hardness and strength, so that the end cap 21 is not easily deformed when being squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 20 can have a higher Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals 21 a may be provided on the end cap 21 .
  • the electrode terminal 21 a can be used to be electrically connected with the electrode assembly 23 for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cover 21 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value.
  • the material of the end cap 21 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulator can be provided inside the end cover 21 , and the insulator can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 22 from the end cover 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber or the like.
  • the casing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23 , electrolyte and other components.
  • the housing 22 and the end cover 21 can be independent components, and an opening can be provided on the housing 22 , and the internal environment of the battery cell 20 can be formed by making the end cover 21 cover the opening at the opening. Without limitation, the end cover 21 and the housing 22 may also be integrated.
  • the housing 22 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism and so on. Specifically, the shape of the casing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the housing 22 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a part where the electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell 20 .
  • One or more electrode assemblies 23 may be contained within the case 22 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets.
  • the part of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with the active material constitutes the main body of the electrode assembly, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without the active material respectively constitute the tab 23a.
  • the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at two ends of the main body respectively.
  • the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 23a are connected to the electrode terminals to form a current loop.
  • a connecting component is provided.
  • FIG. 4 shows a structure of a connecting component 500 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the connection part 500 is used to connect the electrode terminal of the battery cell and the electrode assembly.
  • a stress relief structure 510 is provided on the connecting part 500, and the stress releasing structure 510 is used for releasing the stress at the welding place between the connecting part 500 and the electrode terminal.
  • the connecting part 500 can be a sheet structure as shown in the figure to reduce space occupation and increase the energy density inside the battery cell.
  • the connecting part 500 is generally made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity to ensure the connection between the electrode assembly and the electrode terminal. Stability of current transmission. It can be understood that the connecting member 500 may also adopt an arc-shaped curved sheet structure or a block structure, which is not limited here.
  • the stress relief structure 510 can be, for example, a groove or an annular corrugated structure.
  • connection part 500 By setting the stress relief structure 510 on the connection part 500, when welding the connection part 500 and the electrode terminal, the welding area on the connection part 500 can shrink and deform smoothly inward during welding, so as to realize the release of the welding stress, thereby ensuring the connection
  • the stability of the welded structure between the component 500 and the electrode terminal avoids stress cracks or detachment after the connecting component 500 is welded to the electrode terminal, thereby affecting the product quality of the battery cell.
  • connection part 500 includes a first connection part 520 for connecting with an electrode terminal and a second connection part 530 for connecting with an electrode assembly, and the stress relief structure 510 is disposed on on the first connecting part 520 .
  • first connecting part 520 and the second connecting part 530 can adopt an integrally formed structure to ensure the stability of current transmission, and of course they can also be two parts fixedly connected to each other, so as to facilitate mold opening production.
  • the welding structure can be optimized by setting a convex hull, and the welding area can be confirmed.
  • the stability of the structure after welding can be ensured, and the positioning of the welding area can be ensured accurately.
  • Sex to avoid welding position offset.
  • the second connection part 530 is used to connect with the tab on the internal electrode assembly, so that a current channel is formed between the electrode assembly and the electrode terminal.
  • connection part 500 As the first connection part 520 and the second connection part 530, the connection between the connection part 500 and the electrode terminal and the electrode assembly is realized respectively, and the stress relief structure 510 is arranged on the first connection part 520 to ensure that the first The stability of the welding structure between the connecting portion 520 and the electrode terminal.
  • FIG. 5 shows a bottom-side view structure of a connection component 500 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the stress relief structure 510 includes a groove 511 .
  • the groove 511 may be provided on the top surface of the first connecting portion 520 as shown in FIG. 4, or may be provided on the bottom surface of the first connecting portion 520 as shown in FIG. Both the top surface and the bottom surface of the connecting part 520 are provided with grooves 511, so that the welding area on the first connecting part 520 can shrink smoothly into the groove during welding, so that the stress generated by welding can be obtained through the groove 511. freed.
  • the welding area on the first connecting part 520 can smoothly shrink into the groove during welding, so as to realize the release of the welding stress, thereby ensuring that the first connecting part 520 The stability of the welding structure between the connecting portion 520 and the electrode terminal.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional structure of an annular corrugated structure 512 in a connection component 500 provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the stress relief structure 510 further includes an annular corrugated structure 512 .
  • the ring-shaped wave-like structure 512 when the first connecting portion 520 is welded to the electrode terminal, the ring-shaped wave-like structure 512 is stretched inward correspondingly due to the inward contraction force of the welding area on the first connecting portion 520. deformation, so that the welding area on the first connecting portion 520 can shrink inward smoothly, ensuring the stability of the welding structure between the first connecting portion 520 and the electrode terminal.
  • the number of grooves 511 can be set to three and all extend from the center of the welding area to the edge. It can be understood that, in some other embodiments, the number of grooves 511 can also be two or more, and the grooves 511 can be in the shape of a straight line, an arc, or a circle, so as to ensure that the welding stress can be released. Yes, the specific number and shape of the grooves 511 are not limited here.
  • the grooves 511 can cover the welding area of the first connecting part 520 more comprehensively, and the stress generated during welding of the welding area can be passed through multiple and in a strip shape.
  • the groove 511 is more fully released, thereby further improving the stability of the welded structure.
  • a plurality of grooves 511 communicate with each other.
  • the plurality of grooves 511 may be converging and communicating at one end as shown in FIG. 5 , and of course, may also be intersecting and communicating with each other.
  • the multiple grooves 511 divide the welding area on the first connecting part 520 into multiple parts, so that when the welding area shrinks inward during the welding process, the multiple parts are subjected to
  • the contraction force can deform and approach each other at the groove 511 , further improving the degree of welding stress release, and ensuring the stability of the welding structure between the first connecting portion 520 and the electrode terminal.
  • FIG. 7 shows a top view structure of a connecting component 500 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • one ends of the plurality of grooves 511 meet at the center of the first connection part 520 .
  • the welding stress will be more concentrated at the center of the first connecting part 520, by placing one end of the plurality of grooves 511 on the first connecting part
  • the converging arrangement at the center of the parts 520 can shrink the welding area on the first connecting part 520 and fully release the welding stress gathered at the center, so as to ensure the stability of the welding structure.
  • the first connecting portion 520 is provided with a through hole 521 at the junction.
  • the through hole 521 at the intersection of the first connecting portion 520 Based on this, by setting the through hole 521 at the intersection of the first connecting portion 520, the metal chips generated during the processing of the groove 511 will fall out of the through hole 521, thereby preventing the metal chips from falling and accumulating in the groove 511 and causing damage to the subsequent The welding is affected. And by setting the through hole 521 at the intersection on the first connecting part 520, the first connecting part 520 can be smoothly shrunk inwardly to generate deformation during the welding process, so that the welding stress gathered at the center can pass through The through hole 521 is released smoothly.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional structure of a connection component 500 at a groove 511 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the ratio of the depth of the groove 511 to the thickness of the first connecting portion 520 is greater than or equal to 0.7.
  • the depth of the groove 511 is h1
  • the thickness of the first connecting portion 520 is h2
  • the ratio of the depth of the groove 511 to the thickness of the first connecting part 520 is greater than or equal to 0.7, it is beneficial for the first connecting part 520 to deform and shrink smoothly at the groove 511 during welding, thereby increasing the welding stress
  • the degree of release at the groove 511 ensures a stable and reliable welding structure between the first connecting portion 520 and the electrode terminal.
  • the width of the groove 511 is w, where 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.3 mm.
  • Opening the groove 511 on the first connecting part 520 will reduce the structural strength of the first connecting part 520.
  • the invention of the present application After testing and testing, it is concluded that setting the width w of the groove 511 within the range of greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.3 mm can not only ensure that the first connecting part 520 has a reliable structural strength, but also realize the first connection. The effective release of welding stress when the part 520 is welded with the electrode terminal.
  • the cross section of the groove 511 may be a rectangle as shown in the figure.
  • the cross section of the groove 511 may also be set as an inverted triangle, U shape, etc., and the specific shape of the cross section of the groove 511 is not limited here.
  • FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional structure of a connecting component 500 at a groove 511 provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the groove 511 is disposed through the first connecting portion 520 .
  • the first connection part 520 In the process of welding the first connection part 520 and the electrode terminal, since the groove 511 is provided through the first connection part 520, the first connection part 520 forms a free end on the inner wall of the groove 511, so that during welding, the groove 511 The surrounding first connecting portion 520 can quickly and smoothly shrink and deform into the groove 511, and the width of the groove 511 is correspondingly reduced, so that the welding stress can be quickly and effectively released. And after the groove 511 is set through the first connecting portion 520, the molten pool generated by welding can be stably welded together with the side wall of the groove 511 and the outer wall of the electrode terminal during the subsequent solidification process after entering the groove 511. In order to fully improve the stability of the welding structure between the first connecting portion 520 and the electrode terminal.
  • the second connecting portion 530 is in the shape of a sheet
  • the first connecting portion 520 includes a protrusion 522 disposed on one side of the second connecting portion 530
  • the protrusion 522 is used for connecting with an electrode terminal
  • the second connecting part 530 is integrally structured with the first connecting part 520, and a concave part 523 is formed on the side of the second connecting part 530 away from the first connecting part 520 by forming a protrusion 522.
  • the protrusion 522 includes a top wall 5221 and The side wall 5222 , the side wall 5222 connects the top wall 5221 and the second connection portion 530 , and the stress relief structure 510 is disposed on the top wall 5221 .
  • the first connection part 520 and the electrode terminal are first abutted and positioned, and then a part of the structure of the first connection part 520 is welded and melted, and the molten structure is fused with the electrode terminal during the solidification process to realize the second A fixed connection between the connecting portion 520 and the electrode terminal.
  • the first connecting part 520 By setting the first connecting part 520 as a protrusion 522, it is convenient to align and abut against the welding area of the first connecting part 520 and the electrode terminal during welding. Since the top wall 5221 of the protrusion 522 is a welding area, it can Quickly determine the welding location on the connection part 500 .
  • the concave portion 523 By forming the concave portion 523 on the side of the second connecting portion 530 away from the first connecting portion 520 , it is easy to control the welding trajectory within the concave portion 523 , thereby avoiding damage to the structure outside the welding area due to the inability to accurately determine the boundary of the welding area. And if the thickness of the welding area of the connecting part 500 is too large, there will be a situation where it cannot be welded through, resulting in welding failure. Therefore, by forming a concave part 523 corresponding to the protrusion 522 on the side of the second connecting part 530 away from the first connecting part 520, The thickness of the top wall 5221 can be guaranteed to ensure the feasibility of welding and fixing with the electrode terminals.
  • FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional structure of a connecting component 500 assembled in a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the end cap 21 is provided with an electrode lead-out hole 211
  • the electrode terminal 21a covers the electrode lead-out hole 211
  • the protrusion 552 of the connecting member 500 extends into the electrode lead-out hole 211 to electrically connect with the electrode terminal 21a.
  • a sealing ring 24 is disposed between the electrode terminal 21 a and the end cover 21 , and part of the sealing ring 24 extends into the electrode lead-out hole 211 and surrounds the hole wall of the electrode lead-out hole 211 .
  • the stress relief structure 510 and the side wall 5222 are spaced apart.
  • connection part 500 By providing the stress relief structure 510 on the connection part 500, during the assembly process of the battery cell 20, when the connection part 500 and the electrode terminal 21a are welded, the welding stress generated on the connection part 500 can be released at the stress relief structure 510. , so as to ensure the stability of the welding structure between the connecting part 500 and the electrode terminal, and avoid stress cracks or detachment after the connecting part 500 and the electrode terminal are welded, which will affect the product quality of the battery cell.
  • a battery is further provided, including the battery cells in the above embodiments.
  • the batteries disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts.
  • an electric device including the battery cell in the above embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery cell as a power source.
  • the electric device can be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.

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Abstract

本申请涉及新能源技术领域，具体涉及一种连接部件、电池单体、电池及用电装置，连接部件用于连接电池单体的电极端子和电极组件，连接部件上设置有应力释放结构，应力释放结构用于释放连接部件与电极端子的焊接处的应力。通过上述方式，本申请能够解决连接部件与电极端子之间的焊接结构出现开裂和脱离问题，提高焊接的稳定性。

Description

一种连接部件、电池单体、电池及用电装置
本申请要求享有于2022年01月12日提交的名称为“一种连接部件、电池单体、电池及用电装置”的中国专利申请202220075729.5的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及新能源技术领域，具体涉及一种连接部件、电池单体、电池及用电装置。
 背景技术
在电池单体中，壳体内部的电极组件一般通过连接部件与端盖上的电极端子连接，以将内部的电流传输至电极端子上，为了保证连接部件与电极端子之间连接及导电的稳定性，通常采用焊接的方式将连接部件与电极端子固定连接，而焊接后连接部件与电极端子有脱离的情况发生。
 技术问题
鉴于上述问题，本申请提供一种连接部件、电池单体、电池及用电装置，以能够解决连接部件与电极端子之间的焊接结构出现开裂和脱离问题，提高焊接的稳定性。
 技术解决方案
根据本申请的一个方面，提供一种连接部件，连接部件用于连接电池单体的电极端子和电极组件，连接部件上设置有应力释放结构，应力释放结构用于释放连接部件与电极端子的焊接处的应力。
在一些实施例中，连接部件包括用于与电极端子连接的第一连接部和用于与电极组件连接的第二连接部，应力释放结构设置于第一连接部上。通过将连接部件设置为第一连接部和第二连接部，实现连接部件分别与电极端子和电极组件的连接，将应力释放结构设置于第一连接部上，保证第一连接部与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，应力释放结构包括凹槽。通过设置凹槽，使得第一连接部在与电极端子焊接时，第一连接部上的焊接区域在焊接时可以向凹槽内顺利地进行收缩，实现焊接应力的释放，进而保证第一连接部与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，凹槽的数量为多个且呈条形设置。通过将凹槽的数量设置为多个且呈条形设置，使得凹槽可以更加全面地覆盖第一连接部的焊接区域，焊接区域焊接时产生的应力可以通过多个且呈条形的凹槽得到更加充分地释放，从而进一步提升焊接结构的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，多个凹槽相互连通。通过将多个凹槽相互连通设置，使得多个凹槽将第一连接部上的焊接区域划分为多个部分，从而在焊接过程中当焊接区域向内收缩时，多个部分受到收缩力可以发生变形并在凹槽处相互靠近，进一步提升焊接应力释放程度，保证第一连接部与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，多个凹槽的一端在第一连接部的中心处交汇。对于由外圈向外圈沿螺旋状或圆环状焊接的方式而言，焊接应力会更多地在第一连接部的中心处集中，通过将多个凹槽的一端在第一连接部的中心处交汇设置，可以使第一连接部上焊接区域收缩并汇集在中心处的焊接应力得到充分释放，以保证焊接结构的稳定。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部在交汇处设置有通孔。通过在第一连接部的交汇处设置通孔，使得加工凹槽时产生的金属屑从通孔掉出，从而避免金属屑掉落堆积在凹槽内而对后续的焊接造成影响。并且通过在第一连接部上的交汇处设置通孔，使得第一连接部在焊接过程中，通孔处可以顺利向内收缩产生形变，从而将汇集在中心处的焊接应力通过通孔顺利释放。
在一些实施例中，凹槽的深度与第一连接部的厚度之比大于或等于0.7。通过将凹槽的深度与第一连接部的厚度之比设置为大于或等于0.7，有利于第一连接部焊接时可以在凹槽处顺利地发生形变并收缩，进而提高焊接应力在凹槽处的释放程度，确保第一连接部与电极端子焊接结构稳定可靠。
在一些实施例中，凹槽的宽度为w, 0<w≤0.3mm。将凹槽的宽度w设置在大于0，小于等于0.3mm的范围内，既可以保证第一连接部具备可靠的结构强度，又可以实现第一连接部与电极端子焊接时对于焊接应力的有效释放。
在一些实施例中，凹槽贯通第一连接部设置。在焊接第一连接部和电极端子的过程中，由于凹槽贯通第一连接部设置，使得第一连接部在凹槽的内壁形成自由端，从而在焊接时，凹槽周围的第一连接部可以快速顺利地向凹槽内收缩形变，凹槽的宽度相应缩小，实现焊接应力快速有效地释放。并且凹槽贯通第一连接部设置后，焊接产生的熔池在进入凹槽后，在后续固化过程中可以分别与凹槽的侧壁及电极端子的外壁稳定地熔接在一起，以充分提升第一连接部与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，第二连接部呈片状，第一连接部包括设置在第二连接部的一侧的凸起，凸起用于与电极端子连接，第二连接部与第一连接部为一体式结构，并且通过形成凸起而在第二连接部的远离第一连接部的一侧形成凹部，凸起包括顶壁和侧壁，侧壁连接顶壁与第二连接部，应力释放结构设置于顶壁。通过将第一连接部设置为凸起，便于在焊接时将第一连接部与电极端子的焊接区域对准并抵接定位，由于凸起的顶壁为焊接区，因此可以快速确定连接部件上的焊接位置。通过在第二连接部远离第一连接部的一侧形成凹部，容易将焊接轨迹控制在凹部内，从而避免因无法准确确定焊接区域的边界而对焊接区域外的结构造成破坏。并且如果连接部件焊接区域的厚度过大，会出现无法焊穿的情况，造成焊接失败，因此通过在第二连接部远离第一连接部的一侧与凸起相应形成凹部，可以保证顶壁处的厚度，确保与电极端子焊接固定的可实现性。
在一些实施例中，应力释放结构与侧壁间隔设置。在电池单体中，将应力释放结构与侧壁间隔设置，是为了避免焊接等离子体通过应力释放结构到达侧壁处对侧壁周围的绝缘材料造成烧伤或烫伤的情况。
根据本申请的另一个方面，提供一种电池单体，包括：电极端子、电极组件和上述任一项中的连接部件，连接部件连接电极端子和电极组件。通过在连接部件上设置应力释放结构，使得在电池单体的装配过程中，焊接连接部件与电极端子时，连接部件上产生的焊接应力可以在应力释放结构处得到释放，从而保证连接部件与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性，避免连接部件与电极端子焊接后出现应力裂纹或发生脱离而对电池单体的产品质量造成影响。
根据本申请的另一个方面，提供一种电池，包括多个上述电池单体。
根据本申请的另一个方面，提供一种用电装置，包括多个上述电池单体。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
 有益效果
通过在连接部件上设置应力释放结构，使得焊接连接部件与电极端子时，连接部件上的焊接区域在焊接时可以顺利向内发生收缩变形，以实现焊接应力的释放，从而保证连接部件与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性，避免连接部件与电极端子焊接后出现应力裂纹或发生脱离而对电池单体的产品质量造成影响。
 附图说明
通过阅读下文可选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出可选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在整个附图中，用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的电池的爆炸结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的连接部件一视角的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的连接部件另一视角的结构示意图；
图6为本申请另一实施例提供的连接部件在环形波浪状结构处的剖视结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的连接部件的俯视结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的连接部件在凹槽处的剖视结构示意图；
图9为本申请另一实施例提供的连接部件在凹槽处的剖视结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的连接部件装配在电池单体上的剖视结构示意图；
图11为本申请另一实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸结构示意图；
图12a为本申请实施例提供的连接部件形成焊印后的俯视结构示意图；
图12b为本申请另一实施例提供的连接部件形成焊印后的俯视结构示意图；
图12c为本申请又一实施例提供的连接部件形成焊印后的俯视结构示意图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
车辆1000；
电池100，控制器200，马达300；
箱体10，第一部分11，第二部分12；
电池单体20，端盖21，电极引出孔211，电极端子21a，壳体22，电极组件23，极耳23a，密封圈24；
连接部件500，应力释放结构510，凹槽511，环形波浪状结构512，第一连接部520，通孔521，凸起522，顶壁5221，侧壁5222，凹部523，第二连接部530。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：存在A，同时存在A和B，存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上（包括两个），同理，“多组”指的是两组以上（包括两组），“多片”指的是两片以上（包括两片）。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，电池的应用越加广泛。电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
为了提升电池单体的产品质量，使其具有稳定可靠的电流通道，必须要保证电池单体内的电极组件与电极端子之间具备良好的电连接结构。
现有的电池单体中，电极组件与电极端子之间通过连接部件相互连接，形成电连接结构。连接部件一般呈片状，一部分区域与电极组件连接，另一部分区域与电极端子连接。为了保证连接部件与电极端子之间形成稳固的连接结构，通常采用焊接的方式将连接部件与电极端子连接并形成电流通道。
焊接时由于焊缝处会发生收缩，因此会产生焊接应力，具体地，被焊工件内由焊接引起的内应力称为焊接应力。根据焊接应力产生时期的不同，可把焊接应力分为焊接瞬时应力和焊接残余应力。焊接瞬时应力是焊接时随温度变化而变化的应力；焊接残余应力则是被焊工件冷却到初始温度后所残留的应力。根据焊接应力在被焊工件中的方位不同，可将焊接应力分为纵向应力、横向应力和厚向应力。实际上，焊接应力都是三维应力，但对于薄板，厚向应力相对较小，可按二维应力处理。
本申请发明人注意到，连接部件与电极端子焊接后连接部件与电极端子有脱离的情况发生。通过研究发现，由于连接部件与电极端子焊接时会产生较大的焊接应力，因此容易造成连接部件与电极端子的焊接处出现应力裂纹，当焊接应力过大时，还会导致连接部件与电极端子发生脱离，造成断路情况，使电池单体无法正常工作。
基于此，本申请提出一种连接部件，通过在连接部件上设置应力释放结构，例如在连接部件上的焊接区域开设凹槽或在焊接区域的外周设置环形波浪状结构，使得焊接连接部件与电极端子时，连接部件上的焊接区域在焊接时可以向凹槽内收缩形变实现焊接应力的释放，或者连接部件上焊接区域外周的环形波浪状结构可以发生形变向内伸展，以实现焊接应力的释放，从而保证连接部件与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性。
本申请实施例公开的电池可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参阅图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参阅图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸结构示意图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。当然，第一部分11和第二部分12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参阅图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100中，电池单体20的分解结构示意图。电池单体20是指组成电池的最小单元。如图3，电池单体20包括有端盖21、壳体22、电极组件23以及其他的功能性部件。
端盖21是指盖合于壳体22的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖21的形状可以与壳体22的形状相适应以配合壳体22。可选地，端盖21可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质（如铝合金）制成，这样，端盖21在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖21上可以设置有如电极端子21a等的功能性部件。电极端子21a可以用于与电极组件23电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖21上还可以设置有用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。端盖21的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖21的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体22内的电连接部件与端盖21，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体22是用于配合端盖21以形成电池单体20的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件23、电解液以及其他部件。壳体22和端盖21可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体22上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖21盖合开口以形成电池单体20的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖21和壳体22一体化。壳体22可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体22的形状可以根据电极组件23的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体22的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件23是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体22内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件23。电极组件23主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳23a。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳23a连接电极端子以形成电流回路。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，提供一种连接部件，具体请参阅图4，图中示出了本申请一实施例提供的连接部件500的结构。连接部件500用于连接电池单体的电极端子和电极组件。连接部件500上设置有应力释放结构510，应力释放结构510用于释放连接部件500与电极端子的焊接处的应力。
连接部件500可以为如图中所示的片状结构，以减少空间占用，提高电池单体内部的能量密度，连接部件500一般采用导电性能良好的金属材料，以保证电极组件与电极端子之间电流传输的稳定性。可以理解的是，连接部件500也可以采用弧形弯曲的片状结构或块状结构，在此不做限定。
应力释放结构510例如可以是凹槽或环形波浪状结构，在焊接时，通过为连接部件500在焊接时提供向内收缩形变的空间，实现对焊接应力的释放，进而确保连接部件500与电极端子之间的焊接结构稳定可靠。
通过在连接部件500上设置应力释放结构510，使得焊接连接部件500与电极端子时，连接部件500上的焊接区域在焊接时可以顺利向内发生收缩变形，以实现焊接应力的释放，从而保证连接部件500与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性，避免连接部件500与电极端子焊接后出现应力裂纹或发生脱离而对电池单体的产品质量造成影响。
请继续参阅图4，根据本申请的一些实施例，连接部件500包括用于与电极端子连接的第一连接部520和用于与电极组件连接的第二连接部530，应力释放结构510设置于第一连接部520上。
具体地，第一连接部520与第二连接部530可以采用一体成型的结构，以保证电流传输的稳定性，当然也可以为相互固定连接的两部分，以便于开模生产。
第一连接部520上可以通过设置凸包来优化焊接结构，确认焊接区域，通过将凸包的顶壁与电极端子焊接，既可以保证焊接后结构的稳定性，又可以确保焊接区域定位的准确性，避免焊接位置偏移。第二连接部530则用于与内部电极组件上的极耳连接，使电极组件与电极端子之间形成电流通道。
通过将连接部件500设置为第一连接部520和第二连接部530，实现连接部件500分别与电极端子和电极组件的连接，将应力释放结构510设置于第一连接部520上，保证第一连接部520与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性。
请继续参阅图4，并进一步结合图5，图5中示出了本申请一实施例提供的连接部件500底侧视角的结构。根据本申请的一些实施例，应力释放结构510包括凹槽511。
具体地，凹槽511可以如图4中所示设置于第一连接部520的顶面上，也可以如图5中所示设置于第一连接部520的底面上，当然也可以在第一连接部520的顶面和底面上均设置凹槽511，使得第一连接部520上的焊接区域在焊接时可以向凹槽内顺利地进行收缩，从而使焊接产生的应力可以通过凹槽511得到释放。
通过设置凹槽511，使得第一连接部520在与电极端子焊接时，第一连接部520上的焊接区域在焊接时可以向凹槽内顺利地进行收缩，实现焊接应力的释放，进而保证第一连接部520与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性。
请参阅图6，图中示出了本申请另一实施例提供的连接部件500中环形波浪状结构512的剖视结构。根据本申请的一些实施例，应力释放结构510还包括环形波浪状结构512。
同样地，通过设置环形波浪状结构512，使得第一连接部520在与电极端子焊接时，环形波浪状结构512因受到第一连接部520上焊接区域向内收缩的力，相应发生向内伸展的形变，从而使得第一连接部520上的焊接区域可以顺利向内收缩，保证第一连接部520与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性。
请继续参阅图5，根据本申请的一些实施例，凹槽511的数量为多个且呈条形设置。
如图5中所示，凹槽511的数量可以设置为三条并且均由焊接区域的中心向边缘延伸。可以理解的是，在其他一些实施例中，凹槽511的数量也可以是两条或者多条，凹槽511可以呈条形的直线、弧线或圆环，保证可以实现焊接应力的释放即可，在此不对凹槽511具体数量和呈现形状进行限定。
通过将凹槽511的数量设置为多个且呈条形设置，使得凹槽511可以更加全面地覆盖第一连接部520的焊接区域，焊接区域焊接时产生的应力可以通过多个且呈条形的凹槽511得到更加充分地释放，从而进一步提升焊接结构的稳定性。
请继续参阅图5，根据本申请的一些实施例，多个凹槽511相互连通。
具体地，多个凹槽511可以如图5中所示在一端交汇连通，当然也可以相互交叉连通。
通过将多个凹槽511相互连通设置，使得多个凹槽511将第一连接部520上的焊接区域划分为多个部分，从而在焊接过程中当焊接区域向内收缩时，多个部分受到收缩力可以发生变形并在凹槽511处相互靠近，进一步提升焊接应力释放程度，保证第一连接部520与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性。
请参阅图7，图中示出了本申请一实施例提供的连接部件500的俯视结构。根据本申请的一些实施例，多个凹槽511的一端在第一连接部520的中心处交汇。
对于由外圈向外圈沿螺旋状或圆环状焊接的方式而言，焊接应力会更多地在第一连接部520的中心处集中，通过将多个凹槽511的一端在第一连接部520的中心处交汇设置，可以使第一连接部520上焊接区域收缩并汇集在中心处的焊接应力得到充分释放，以保证焊接结构的稳定。
进一步地，请继续参阅图7，根据本申请的一些实施例，第一连接部520在交汇处设置有通孔521。
在第一连接部520上加工在中心处相互交汇的凹槽511时，若不设置通孔521，后加工的凹槽511在与前面加工好的凹槽511交汇时，会将前面加工好的凹槽511的端角切削掉并形成金属屑，金属屑掉落堆积在凹槽511内会对后续的焊接造成不利影响，导致焊接结构稳定性下降。
基于此，通过在第一连接部520的交汇处设置通孔521，使得加工凹槽511时产生的金属屑从通孔521掉出，从而避免金属屑掉落堆积在凹槽511内而对后续的焊接造成影响。并且通过在第一连接部520上的交汇处设置通孔521，使得第一连接部520在焊接过程中，通孔521处可以顺利向内收缩产生形变，从而将汇集在中心处的焊接应力通过通孔521顺利释放。
请参阅图8，图中示出了本申请一实施例提供的连接部件500在凹槽511处的剖视结构。根据本申请的一些实施例，凹槽511的深度与第一连接部520的厚度之比大于或等于0.7。
如图8中所示，凹槽511的深度为h1，第一连接部520的厚度为h2，h1/h2≥0.7。
通过将凹槽511的深度与第一连接部520的厚度之比设置为大于或等于0.7，有利于第一连接部520焊接时可以在凹槽511处顺利地发生形变并收缩，进而提高焊接应力在凹槽511处的释放程度，确保第一连接部520与电极端子焊接结构稳定可靠。
请继续参阅图8，根据本申请的一些实施例，凹槽511的宽度为w，0<w≤0.3mm。
在第一连接部520上开设凹槽511会降低第一连接部520的结构强度，为了不对第一连接部520的结构强度造成较大的影响，同时又可以兼顾焊接应力的释放，本申请发明人对此经过试验检测后得出，将凹槽511的宽度w设置在大于0，小于等于0.3mm的范围内，既可以保证第一连接部520具备可靠的结构强度，又可以实现第一连接部520与电极端子焊接时对于焊接应力的有效释放。
凹槽511的宽度w过大时，还会导致焊接轨迹到达凹槽511处时，由于凹槽511的底壁较薄，从而使焊接过度穿透凹槽511的底壁，容易造成电极端子因焊接的熔深过大而出现焊穿的情况。
如图8中所示，凹槽511的截面可以为图中所示的矩形。在其他一些实施例中，凹槽511的截面也可以设置为倒三角形、U形等，在此不对凹槽511截面的具体形状进行限定。
请参阅图9，图中示出了本申请另一实施例提供的连接部件500在凹槽511处的剖视结构。根据本申请的一些实施例，凹槽511贯通第一连接部520设置。
在焊接第一连接部520和电极端子的过程中，由于凹槽511贯通第一连接部520设置，使得第一连接部520在凹槽511的内壁形成自由端，从而在焊接时，凹槽511周围的第一连接部520可以快速顺利地向凹槽511内收缩形变，凹槽511的宽度相应缩小，实现焊接应力快速有效地释放。并且凹槽511贯通第一连接部520设置后，焊接产生的熔池在进入凹槽511后，在后续固化过程中可以分别与凹槽511的侧壁及电极端子的外壁稳定地熔接在一起，以充分提升第一连接部520与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性。
请再次参阅图4及图5，第二连接部530呈片状，第一连接部520包括设置在第二连接部530的一侧的凸起522，凸起522用于与电极端子连接，第二连接部530与第一连接部520为一体式结构，并且通过形成凸起522而在第二连接部530的远离第一连接部520的一侧形成凹部523，凸起522包括顶壁5221和侧壁5222，侧壁5222连接顶壁5221与第二连接部530，应力释放结构510设置于顶壁5221。
在焊接的过程中，首先将第一连接部520与电极端子抵接定位，然后将第一连接部520的一部分结构焊穿熔化，熔化结构在固化的过程中与电极端子之间熔接，实现第一连接部520与电极端子之间的固定连接。
通过将第一连接部520设置为凸起522，便于在焊接时将第一连接部520与电极端子的焊接区域对准并抵接定位，由于凸起522的顶壁5221为焊接区，因此可以快速确定连接部件500上的焊接位置。
通过在第二连接部530远离第一连接部520的一侧形成凹部523，容易将焊接轨迹控制在凹部523内，从而避免因无法准确确定焊接区域的边界而对焊接区域外的结构造成破坏。并且如果连接部件500焊接区域的厚度过大，会出现无法焊穿的情况，造成焊接失败，因此通过在第二连接部530远离第一连接部520的一侧与凸起522相应形成凹部523，可以保证顶壁5221处的厚度，确保与电极端子焊接固定的可实现性。
请参阅图10，图中示出了本申请一实施例提供的连接部件500装配在电池单体中的剖视结构。如图中所示，端盖21上设置有电极引出孔211，电极端子21a覆盖电极引出孔211，连接部件500的凸起552伸入到电极引出孔211中与电极端子21a电连接。电极端子21a与端盖21之间设置有密封圈24，部分密封圈24伸入到电极引出孔211中包围电极引出孔211的孔壁。
请结合参阅图4及图7，根据本申请的一些实施例，应力释放结构510与侧壁5222间隔设置。
具体地，如果7中所示，应力释放结构510的边缘（也即图7中凹槽511外侧一端的端部）与侧壁5222之间的距离为d，d≥0，使得应力释放结构510与侧壁5222间隔设置。
在电池单体中，将应力释放结构510与侧壁5222间隔设置，是为了避免焊接等离子体通过应力释放结构510到达侧壁5222处对侧壁5222周围的绝缘材料造成烧伤或烫伤的情况。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供一种电池单体，具体请参阅图11，图中示出了本申请一实施例提供的电池单体20的爆炸结构。电池单体20包括电极端子21a，电极组件23和上述任一实施方式的连接部件500，连接部件500连接电极端子21a和电极组件23。
如图11中所示，连接部件500顶部设置有应力释放结构510的区域与电极端子21a的底部焊接，连接部件500另外的区域与电极组件23连接，实现电极端子21a与电极组件23之间的电流传输。
通过在连接部件500上设置应力释放结构510，使得在电池单体20的装配过程中，焊接连接部件500与电极端子21a时，连接部件500上产生的焊接应力可以在应力释放结构510处得到释放，从而保证连接部件500与电极端子焊接结构的稳定性，避免连接部件500与电极端子焊接后出现应力裂纹或发生脱离而对电池单体的产品质量造成影响。
具体地，连接部件500可以采用如图12a中所示的螺旋轨迹的方式与电极端子21a进行焊接，焊接后连接部件500通过应力释放结构顺利向内进行收缩，使得产生的焊接应力得到释放。连接部件500也可以采用如图12b中所示的多个同心的环状轨迹的方式与电极端子21a焊接，或采用如图12c中所示的单个环状轨迹的方式与电极端子21a焊接。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，还提供一种电池，包括上述实施例中的电池单体。
本申请实施例公开的电池可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，还提供一种用电装置，包括上述实施例中的电池单体。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池单体作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参阅前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种连接部件，所述连接部件用于连接电池单体的电极端子和电极组件，其中，所述连接部件上设置有应力释放结构，所述应力释放结构用于释放所述连接部件与所述电极端子的焊接处的应力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的连接部件，其中，所述连接部件包括用于与所述电极端子连接的第一连接部和用于与所述电极组件连接的第二连接部，所述应力释放结构设置于所述第一连接部上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的连接部件，其中，所述应力释放结构包括凹槽。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的连接部件，其中，所述凹槽的数量为多个且呈条形设置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的连接部件，其中，多个所述凹槽相互连通。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的连接部件，其中，多个所述凹槽的一端在所述第一连接部的中心处交汇。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的连接部件，其中，所述第一连接部在所述交汇处设置有通孔。
  8. 根据权利要求3至7中任一项所述的连接部件，其中，所述凹槽设置于所述第一连接部的顶面上；或者，所述凹槽设置于所述第一连接部的底面上；或者，所述第一连接部的顶面和底面上均设置有所述凹槽。
  9. 根据权利要求3-8中任一项所述的连接部件，其中，所述凹槽的深度与所述第一连接部的厚度之比大于或等于0.7。
  10. 根据权利要求3-9中任一项所述的连接部件，其中，所述凹槽的宽度为w, 0<w≤0.3mm。
  11. 根据权利要求3-10中任一项所述的连接部件，其中，所述凹槽贯通所述第一连接部设置。
  12. 根据权利要求2-11中任一项所述的连接部件，其中，
    所述第二连接部呈片状，所述第一连接部包括设置在所述第二连接部的一侧的凸起，所述凸起用于与所述电极端子连接，所述第二连接部与所述第一连接部为一体式结构，并且通过形成所述凸起而在所述第二连接部的远离所述第一连接部的一侧形成凹部，所述凸起包括顶壁和侧壁，所述侧壁连接所述顶壁与所述第二连接部，所述应力释放结构设置于所述顶壁。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的连接部件，其中，所述应力释放结构与所述侧壁间隔设置。
  14. 一种电池单体，其中，包括：电极端子、电极组件和如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的连接部件，所述连接部件连接所述电极端子和所述电极组件。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接部件采用螺旋轨迹的方式与所述电极端子进行焊接。
  16. 一种电池，其中，包括多个如权利要求14或15中所述的电池单体。
  17. 一种用电装置，其中，包括多个如权利要求14或15中所述的电池单体。
PCT/CN2022/135566 2022-01-12 2022-11-30 一种连接部件、电池单体、电池及用电装置 WO2023134318A1 (zh)

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