WO2023093342A1 - 电池单体和电池 - Google Patents

电池单体和电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023093342A1
WO2023093342A1 PCT/CN2022/124927 CN2022124927W WO2023093342A1 WO 2023093342 A1 WO2023093342 A1 WO 2023093342A1 CN 2022124927 W CN2022124927 W CN 2022124927W WO 2023093342 A1 WO2023093342 A1 WO 2023093342A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery cell
battery
wall
welding
protruding portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/124927
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王志
秦峰
计泓冶
王鹏
何润泳
方郑宇
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023093342A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023093342A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/545—Terminals formed by the casing of the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular to a battery cell and a battery.
  • Energy saving and emission reduction is the key to the sustainable development of the automobile industry.
  • electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages in energy saving and environmental protection.
  • battery technology is an important factor related to its development.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell and a battery, which can enhance the safety of the battery.
  • a battery cell comprising: a housing with an opening; an end cover that covers the opening, the end cover includes a body part and a protruding part, and the body part is used to communicate with the
  • the housing is connected, the protruding part protrudes from the main body in a direction away from the inside of the battery cell, the protruding part is configured to be integrally formed with the main body, and the protruding part is close to the main body
  • the edge of the protruding part is used to weld with another battery cell to form a welding area so that the battery cell is electrically connected to the other battery cell, and the central area of the outer surface of the protrusion is also provided with a groove.
  • the groove is configured to be recessed from the outer surface of the protrusion toward the body so that a central area of the protrusion is closer to the inside of the battery cell than the welding area.
  • the end cap of the battery cell in the embodiment of the present application is integrally formed. Compared with the non-integral structure of the end cap, the welding interface between the electrode terminal and the end cap is reduced, thereby avoiding as much as possible the welding interface between the end cap and the electrode terminal. Non-integral structure, weld failure caused by welding and sealing, and poor sealing.
  • the electrode terminal of the battery cell is formed by the protruding part of the end cap, and at the same time, a groove is provided in the central area of the outer surface of the protruding part, so that when the protruding parts of the two battery cells are butt welded, the The center protrudes from the edge area, so that defects such as collapse and failure of the welding area occur when the weld seam is formed on the edge of the welding protrusion.
  • the outer surface of the body portion is closer to the interior of the battery cell than the bottom wall of the groove. In this way, inside the battery cell, the area corresponding to the bottom wall of the groove has an extra space, which increases the internal space of the battery cell, thereby increasing the energy density.
  • the protrusion includes an inner wall and an outer wall extending away from the inside of the battery cell, the outer wall is sleeved on the outer side of the inner wall, and the inner wall There is a gap with the outer wall, and the gap is 0.1-1 mm. If the gap between the outer wall and the inner wall is too small, it is difficult to seal the gap. If the gap is too large, the protrusion will easily collapse when the protrusion is butt welded. Therefore, the gap between the outer wall and the inner wall is not suitable. If it is too small, it should not be too large. The gap size is set to 0.1-1mm, which can ensure that the gap can be sealed, and it is not easy to weld and collapse, so as to ensure the sealing of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell further includes a seal at least partially sandwiched in the gap.
  • the inner wall is welded to the outer wall to seal the gap.
  • the gap between the inner wall and the outer wall can also be sealed by welding the inner wall to the outer wall, thereby improving the battery life. Sealing performance.
  • the protrusion is configured in the shape of a ring. This allows for spin welding and facilitates soldering.
  • a battery including: a first battery cell and a second battery cell, both of the first battery cell and the second battery cell are as described in the first aspect or the first aspect
  • the protruding portion of the first battery cell is welded to the protruding portion of the second battery cell along a first direction so that the first battery cell It is electrically connected with the second battery cell; the groove of the first battery cell is opposite to the groove of the second battery cell along the first direction to form an accommodation space.
  • the battery further includes a support, and the support is accommodated in the accommodation space.
  • the edge portion of the protruding portion is welded, and the grooves in the central areas of the outer surfaces of the protruding portions of the two battery cells are formed to accommodate Space
  • the support member is accommodated in the accommodation space, which can support the inner wall of the protrusion, and avoid the problem of collapse and failure of the welded area after the protrusions of the two battery cells are butt welded.
  • a dimension of the support member along the first direction is smaller than or equal to a dimension of the accommodation space along the first direction.
  • the accommodating space includes a side wall extending along the first direction, and at least part of the support member abuts against a portion of the side wall corresponding to the welding area.
  • the supporting member supports the inner wall of the protruding part, avoiding the problem of collapse and failure of the welded area after the protruding parts of the two battery cells are butt welded.
  • the end caps of the battery cells are integrally formed. Compared with the non-integral structure of the end caps, the welding interface between the electrode terminals and the end caps is reduced, thereby avoiding as much as possible the possibility of non-integral welding between the end caps and the electrode terminals.
  • the electrode terminal of the battery cell is formed by the protruding part of the end cap, and at the same time, a groove is provided in the central area of the outer surface of the protruding part, so that when the protruding parts of the two battery cells are butt welded, the The center protrudes from the edge area, so that defects such as collapse and failure of the welding area occur when the weld seam is formed on the edge of the welding protrusion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a cylindrical battery cell in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the end cover of the cylindrical battery cell in Fig. 4 along the Z direction;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of welding of two cylindrical battery cells in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the welding area of Fig. 6 along the Z direction;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery cell 20 a casing 21, an end cap 22, an electrode assembly 23, and an electrode terminal 24;
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to more than two groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to More than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • a battery refers to a physical module including one or more battery cells to provide electrical energy.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • multiple battery cells in the battery can be connected in series, parallel or mixed, where the mixed connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel.
  • multiple battery cells can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery. That is to say, multiple battery cells can directly form a battery, or form a battery module first, and then form a battery from the battery module.
  • the battery is further arranged in the electric device to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields . With the continuous expansion of power battery application fields, its market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • a groove is provided in the area, and the groove can make the central area of the protrusion closer to the inside of the battery cell than the edge area used for welding, which can reduce the probability of welding defects due to the central area of the protrusion protruding from the edge area. Based on this , this structure can improve the safety of the battery cell and the battery using the battery cell.
  • the inventor designed a battery cell after in-depth research.
  • the single cell is welded to form a welding area to electrically connect the battery cell to another battery cell, and the central area of the outer surface of the protrusion is provided with a groove, so that the central area of the outer surface of the protrusion is closer to the edge of the battery cell than the edge area. internal.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts.
  • the power supply system comprising the battery unit and the battery disclosed in this application can be used to form the power device, which is beneficial to improve the reliability and safety of the battery.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source.
  • the electric device can be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • a vehicle 1000 as an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application is taken as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the interior of the vehicle 1000 is provided with a battery 100 , and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may include a plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the battery 100 may also include a box (or cover), the inside of which is a hollow structure, and a plurality of battery cells 20 can be accommodated in the box.
  • the box body may include two parts, referred to herein as a first part (upper box body) 111 and a second part (lower box body) 112 , and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are fastened together.
  • the shapes of the first part 111 and the second part 112 can be determined according to the combined shape of a plurality of battery cells 20 , and each of the first part 111 and the second part 112 can have an opening.
  • both the first part 111 and the second part 112 can be hollow cuboids and each has only one face as an open face, the opening of the first part 111 and the opening of the second part 112 are arranged oppositely, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are interlocked combined to form a box with a closed chamber.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 are combined in parallel, in series or in parallel and placed in the box formed by fastening the first part 111 and the second part 112 .
  • the battery 100 there may be multiple battery cells 20 , and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole body composed of a plurality of battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20 connected in series first Or parallel or mixed connection to form a battery module form, and multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a whole, and accommodated in the box.
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may also include a bus component (not shown in the figure) for realizing electrical connection between a plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may include a casing 21 , an end cap 22 and an electrode assembly 23 .
  • the housing 21 and the end cover 22 form a casing or a battery box, and the walls of the housing 21 and the end cover 22 are both called the walls of the battery cell 20 .
  • the casing 21 is determined according to the combined shape of one or more electrode assemblies 23 .
  • the casing 21 may be a hollow cylinder as shown in FIG. 3 , or, if the battery cell 20 is a blade type battery cell, the casing 21 may be a long cuboid.
  • the casing 21 has an opening so that one or more electrode assemblies 23 are placed in the casing 21 .
  • the end surface of the casing 21 is an open surface, that is, the end surface does not have a wall so that the inside and outside of the casing 21 communicate.
  • the cylindrical battery cell has two circular end surfaces, and a cylinder is formed between the two circular end surfaces, and the cylinder part may include an electrode assembly 23 .
  • the end cap 22 covers the opening and is connected with the casing 21 to form a cavity preventing the electrode assembly 23 from being closed.
  • the casing 21 is filled with an electrolyte, such as an electrolytic solution.
  • the end cap 22 may be provided with an electrode terminal 24, and the electrode terminal 24 is electrically connected to components other than the battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 may be connected at both ends, respectively.
  • the electrode assembly 23 can be set to a single, or multiple, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 3, the battery cell 20 is provided with an electrode assembly twenty three.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 20 as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes a housing 21 and an end cover 22, the housing 21 has an opening, the end cover 22 covers the opening, the end cover 22 includes a body portion 221 and a protruding portion 222, the body portion 221 is used for In connection with the housing 21, the protruding portion 222 protrudes from the main body portion 221 in a direction away from the inside of the battery cell 20, the protruding portion 222 is configured to be integrally formed with the main body portion 221, and the edge of the protruding portion 222 near the main body portion 221 is used for contact with the main body portion 221.
  • Another battery cell 20 is welded to form a welding area so that the battery cell 20 is electrically connected to another battery cell 20; the central area of the outer surface of the protrusion 222 is also provided with a groove 223, and the groove 223 is configured to be formed by the protrusion.
  • the outer surface of the protrusion 222 is recessed toward the body portion 221 so that the central area of the protruding portion 222 is closer to the interior of the battery cell 20 than the welding area.
  • the body portion 221 and the protruding portion 222 refer to different planes with a certain distance on the end cap 22 , the distance is formed because the protruding portion 222 protrudes from the body portion 221 , and the size of the distance is not limited in this application.
  • the body part 221 is used to connect with the housing 21, and the connection methods include but not limited to welding, bonding, etc.; the structure that the protruding part 222 protrudes from the body part 221 can be obtained through various processes, such as stamping, machining and so on.
  • the welded parts on the two battery cells 20 can be closely contacted first, for example, a tooling fixture, etc. can be used.
  • the auxiliary tool applies pressure to the two battery cells 20 so that their welded parts are in close contact.
  • One of the battery cells 20 is the battery cell 20 provided in this embodiment.
  • the protruding part The edge of the protrusion 222 close to the body part 221 can form a welding area during the welding process, while the area of the outer surface of the protruding part 222 close to the center does not form a welding area. It can be considered that the edge of the protruding portion 222 close to the main body portion 221 is a portion that can form a welding area during welding.
  • the end cover 22 is integrally formed, compared with the non-integral structure of the end cover 22, the welding interface between the electrode terminal 24 and the end cover 22 is reduced, thereby avoiding the non-integral structure of the end cover 22 and the electrode terminal 24 as much as possible.
  • a groove 223 is provided in the central area of the outer surface of the protruding portion 222 of the battery cell 20, and the protruding portion 222 of the two battery cells 20 is butt-welded, or the protruding portion 222 of one battery cell 20 is welded together.
  • the edge of the protruding part 222 can be closely abutted with another battery cell 20 for welding, which can reduce welding defects such as virtual welding and welding area collapse, so as to improve the strength of welding, thereby improving the reliability of the battery. sex, security.
  • a sealing ring 50 can also be provided between the end cover 22 of the battery cell 20 and the housing 21, as shown in FIG. 4 , the sealing ring 50 can be used to seal the end cover when the end cover 22 and the housing 21 are assembled.
  • the gap that may exist between 22 and the housing 21 is not limited in this application.
  • the outer surface 2210 of the body portion 221 is closer to the interior of the battery cell 20 than the bottom wall 2230 of the groove 223 .
  • the groove 223 is formed by indenting the outer surface of the protruding portion 222 toward the body portion 221 , and the indentation can be obtained through various processes, such as stamping, machining, and the like.
  • the bottom wall 2230 of the groove 223 is the bottom where the outer surface of the protrusion 222 is recessed toward the main body 221 , and is a plane with a certain distance from the outer surface 2210 of the main body 221 , and the distance can be controlled by the operation of the processing technology.
  • the bottom 2230 of the groove 223 has a certain distance from the outer surface 2210 of the body part 221, and the outer surface 2210 of the body part 221 is closer to the interior of the battery cell 20 than the bottom 2230 of the groove 223, In this way, inside the battery cell 20 , the area corresponding to the bottom wall 2230 of the groove 223 has an extra space, which increases the internal space of the battery cell 20 , thereby increasing the energy density.
  • the protrusion 222 includes an inner wall 2221 and an outer wall 2222 extending away from the interior of the battery cell 20 , and the outer wall 2222 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner wall 2221 . There is a gap 2223 between the inner wall 2221 and the outer wall 2222, and the gap 2223 is 0.1-1mm.
  • the protruding portion 222 is the end cover 22 protruding from the main body 221 along a plane extending away from the inside of the battery cell 20.
  • the outer wall 2222 is the outer wall of the protruding portion 222 on the plane away from the axis of the battery cell.
  • the layer wall 2221 is the inner side wall of the protruding portion 222 close to the axis of the battery cell on the plane. The width of the gap 2223 between the inner wall 2221 and the outer wall 2222 can be adjusted, and the width of the gap 2223 affects the sealing performance of the battery cell 20 .
  • the gap 2223 between the outer wall 2222 and the inner wall 2221 is too small, it is difficult to seal the gap 2223;
  • the gap 2223 with the inner wall 2221 should not be too small or too large.
  • the size of the gap 2223 is set to 0.1-1mm, which can ensure that the gap 2223 can be sealed and not easy to be welded and collapsed, ensuring the sealing of the battery cell 20 .
  • the battery cell further includes a sealing member 30 , and at least part of the sealing member 30 is interposed in the gap 2223 .
  • the sealing member 30 is a sealing object that can be sandwiched in the gap 2223 and has a sealing effect.
  • the material of the sealing member can be the same as or different from the protruding part, and its shape is not limited. It can match the shape of the gap or can be matched with the gap. The shape of the cross-section of the seal matches, as long as the gap can be sealed.
  • the sealing member 30 may be a solid sealing ring or colloid, which is not limited in this application.
  • the sealing member 30 By arranging the sealing member 30 in the gap 2223 between the inner wall 2221 and the outer wall 2222, the sealing of the battery cell can be avoided due to the outer wall being welded through during welding, thereby improving the safety of the battery cell 20. Sealing performance.
  • the inner wall 2221 is welded to the outer wall 2222 to seal the gap.
  • Welding the inner wall 2221 to the outer wall 2222 refers to welding at the gap between the inner wall 2221 and the outer wall 2222. During the welding process, at high temperature, the inner wall 2221 and the outer wall 2222 are fused to seal the gap.
  • the inner wall 2221 is welded to the outer wall 2222 to seal the gap 2223 , avoiding damage to the sealing performance of the battery cell due to the outer wall being welded through during welding, thereby improving the sealing performance of the battery cell 20 .
  • the protruding portion 222 is configured in an annular shape. In this way, spin welding can be performed when the protruding portion 222 is welded to another battery cell 20 , and the welding efficiency can be improved. It should be understood that the protruding portion 222 may also be in other shapes, which is not limited in this application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery 100, as shown in FIG. 6, including a first battery cell 201 and a second battery cell 202, both of which are as above
  • the battery cell 20 described in any solution; as shown in FIG.
  • the body 201 is electrically connected to the second battery cell 202 ; the groove 223 a of the first battery cell 201 and the groove 223 b of the second battery cell 202 face each other along the first direction X to form an accommodation space 25 .
  • the protruding portion 222a of the first battery cell 201 and the protruding portion 222b of the second battery cell 202 are welded along the first direction X to realize the connection of the electrode terminals 24 of the two battery cells 20, thereby realizing the electrical connection of the battery cell 20. Connection; the protruding part 222 of the battery cell 20 is butt welded, and the groove 223 of the protruding part 222 is butted to form the accommodating space 25 .
  • the battery further includes a support 40 accommodated in the accommodation space 25 .
  • the support member 40 is a solid object that can be accommodated in the accommodation space, and is used to support the welding area after the protrusion 222 a of the first battery cell 201 and the protrusion 222 b of the second battery cell 202 are butt-welded and the inner layer of the protrusion 222 Wall 2221.
  • the edge portions of the protruding portion 222 are welded, and the outer surfaces of the protruding portions 222 of the two battery cells 20
  • the groove 223 in the central area forms the accommodation space 25, and the support member 40 is accommodated in the accommodation space 25, which can support the inner wall 2221 of the protruding part 222, avoiding the butt welding of the protruding parts 222 of the two battery cells 20 After that, the welding area collapsed and failed.
  • the dimension of the support member 40 along the first direction X is smaller than or equal to the dimension of the accommodation space 25 along the first direction X.
  • the accommodation space 25 includes a side wall extending along the first direction X, and at least part of the support member 40 abuts against a part of the side wall corresponding to the welding area.
  • the shape of the support member 40 can be matched with the shape of the accommodating space 25.
  • the accommodating space 25 is cylindrical
  • the shape of the support member 40 can also be cylindrical
  • the size of the support member 40 and the accommodation space 25 can be made similar, so that after the support member 40 is installed in the accommodation space 25, it can abut against the side wall of the accommodation space 25, so as to prevent the welding area from collapsing into the interior of the accommodation space 25 and cause welding defects .
  • the shape of the supporting member 40 is not limited to completely matching with the receiving space 25, as long as the supporting member 40 can abut against the part corresponding to the welding area of the side wall extending along the first direction X of the receiving space 25, the inner wall 2221 of the protruding part 222 It only needs to play a supporting role, which is not limited in this application.
  • the supporting member 40 can be made of the same material as the protruding portion 222. After welding, under the influence of welding heat, the supporting member 40 can be closely combined with the protruding portion 222. Without limitation, the supporting member 40 can also be of a different material from the protruding portion 222.
  • the material is formed, such as copper, iron, alloy materials, etc., and the supporting member 40 is made of such materials to increase the conductive area.
  • the support member 40 can be a solid structure, which can enhance the flexural strength of the junction of the two battery cells 20.
  • the support member 40 can also be a hollow structure, so as to reduce the probability of the welding area collapsing into the accommodation space. At the same time, the overall weight can be reduced, which is convenient to match the overall lightweight design of the battery 100 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种电池单体和电池。电池单体包括壳体和端盖，壳体具有开口，端盖盖合于开口处，端盖包括本体部和突出部，本体部用于与壳体连接，突出部朝向远离电池单体内部的方向突出于本体部，突出部被配置为与本体部一体成型，突出部靠近本体部的边缘用于与另一电池单体焊接形成焊接区域以使电池单体与另一电池单体电连接；突出部外表面的中心区域还设置有凹槽，凹槽被配置为由突出部的外表面朝向本体部凹陷形成，以使突出部的中心区域较焊接区域更靠近电池单体的内部。本申请实施例的电池单体的端盖一体成型，降低了电池单体的端盖在使用过程中发生焊接失效的概率，提高了电池的安全性。

Description

电池单体和电池
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年11月26日提交的名称为“电池单体和电池”的中国专利申请202122946074.2的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池单体和电池。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键。在这种情况下，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。而对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
在电池技术的发展中，除了提高电池的性能外，安全问题也是一个不可忽视的问题。如果电池的安全问题不能保证，那该电池就无法使用。因此，如何增强电池的安全性，是电池技术中一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体和电池，能够增强电池的安全性。
第一方面，提供了一种电池单体，包括:壳体，具有开口；端盖，盖合于所述开口处，所述端盖包括本体部和突出部，所述本体部用于与所述壳体连接，所述突出部朝向远离所述电池单体内部的方向突出于所述本 体部，所述突出部被配置为与所述本体部一体成型，所述突出部靠近所述本体部的边缘用于与另一电池单体焊接形成焊接区域以使所述电池单体与所述另一电池单体电连接，所述突出部的外表面的中心区域还设置有凹槽，所述凹槽被配置为由所述突出部的外表面朝向所述本体部凹陷形成，以使所述突出部的中心区域较所述焊接区域更靠近所述电池单体的内部。
一方面，本申请实施例的电池单体的端盖一体成型，相较于端盖非一体结构的方案，减少了电极端子和端盖的焊接界面，从而尽可能避免了因端盖与电极端子非一体结构，通过焊接密封而导致的焊缝失效，密封性不好的问题。另一方面，通过端盖的突出部形成电池单体的电极端子，同时，在突出部的外表面的中心区域设置凹槽，在两个电池单体的突出部对焊时，避免由于突出部的中心突出于边缘区域，使得在焊接突出部边缘形成焊缝时出现焊接区域塌陷、失效等缺陷。
在一些实施例中，所述本体部的外表面较所述凹槽的底壁更靠近所述电池单体的内部。这样，在电池单体的内部，对应于凹槽的底壁的区域具有额外的空间，提升了电池单体的内部空间,从而提升能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述突出部包括沿远离所述电池单体内部延伸的内层壁和外层壁，所述外层壁套设于所述内层壁的外侧，所述内层壁与所述外层壁之间具有间隙，所述间隙为0.1-1mm。外层壁与内层壁间的间隙过小时，难以在间隙处进行密封，间隙过大时，在突出部对焊时，容易造成突出部塌陷，因此外层壁与内层壁间的间隙不宜过小也不宜过大，间隙尺寸设置为0.1-1mm，可以保证间隙能够被密封，且不易焊接塌陷，保证了电池单体的密封性。
在一些实施例中，所述电池单体还包括密封件，所述密封件的至少部分被夹设于所述间隙中。
这样，通过在内层壁与外层壁之间的间隙内设置密封件，可进一 步提升电池单体的密封性能。
在一些实施例中，在所述端盖的内表面，所述内层壁焊接于所述外层壁以密封所述间隙。除了在内层壁与外层壁之间的间隙内设置密封件，还可以通过将内层壁焊接于外层壁来密封内层壁与外层壁之间的间隙，从而提升电池单体的密封性能。
在一些实施例中，所述突出部被配置为圆环状。这样可以进行旋转焊接，便于焊接。
第二方面，提供了一种电池，包括：第一电池单体和第二电池单体，所述第一电池单体和所述第二电池单体均为如第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式中所述的电池单体，所述第一电池单体的突出部与所述第二电池单体的突出部沿第一方向焊接以使所述第一电池单体与所述第二电池单体电连接；所述第一电池单体的凹槽和所述第二电池单体的凹槽沿所述第一方向相对以形成容纳空间。
在一些实施例中，所述电池还包括支撑件，所述支撑件容纳于所述容纳空间。
这样，第一电池单体的突出部和第二电池单体的突出部对焊时，突出部的边缘部分进行焊接，两个电池单体的突出部的外表面的中心区域的凹槽形成容纳空间，支撑件容纳于容纳空间，可以对突出部的内层壁起到支撑的作用，避免了两个电池单体的突出部对焊后，焊接区域塌陷失效的问题。
在一些实施例中，所述支撑件沿所述第一方向的尺寸小于或等于所述容纳空间沿所述第一方向的尺寸。这样两个电池单体的突出部对焊时，不会因为支撑件的尺寸过大，导致两个电池单体的突出部无法接触而无法焊接的问题。
在一些实施例中，所述容纳空间包括沿所述第一方向延伸的侧壁， 所述支撑件的至少部分抵接于所述侧壁对应所述焊接区域的部分。这样，支撑件对突出部的内层壁起到支撑作用，避免了两个电池单体的突出部对焊后，焊接区域塌陷失效的问题。
本申请的技术方案中，电池单体的端盖一体成型，相较于端盖非一体结构的方案，减少了电极端子和端盖的焊接界面，从而尽可能避免了因端盖与电极端子非一体结构，通过焊接密封而导致的焊缝失效，密封性不好的问题。另一方面，通过端盖的突出部形成电池单体的电极端子，同时，在突出部的外表面的中心区域设置凹槽，在两个电池单体的突出部对焊时，避免由于突出部的中心突出于边缘区域，使得在焊接突出部边缘形成焊缝时出现焊接区域塌陷、失效等缺陷。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例的圆柱电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图5为图4的圆柱电池单体的端盖沿Z方向的剖面结构示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例的两个圆柱电池单体焊接的结构示意图；
图7为图6的焊接区域沿Z方向的剖面结构示意图；
图8为本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
车辆1000；
电池100，控制器200，马达300；
电池单体20，壳体21，端盖22，电极组件23，电极端子24；
本体部221，突出部222，凹槽223，本体部的外表面2210，凹槽的底壁2230，内层壁2221，外层壁2222，间隙2223，密封件30，第一电池单体201，第二电池单体202，第一电池单体201的突出部222a，第二电池单体202的突出部222b，第一电池单体201的凹槽223a，第二电池单体202的凹槽223b，容纳空间25，支撑件40，密封圈50。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位 置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位 置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。
本申请中，电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供电能的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
为了满足不同的电力需求，电池中的多个电池单体之间可以串联、并联或混联，其中混联是指串联和并联的混合。可选地，多个电池单体可以先串联、并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联、并联或混联组成电池。也就是说，多个电池单体可以直接组成电池，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池。电池再进一步设置于用电设备中，为用电设备提供电能。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
在电池技术的发展中，除了提高电池的性能外，安全问题也是一个不可忽视的问题。发明人注意到，现有的电池单体在采用电极端子直接 抵接焊接的连接方式时，容易出现虚焊、焊接区域塌陷等焊接缺陷，导致焊接的强度较低，从而影响电池整体的可靠性和安全性。
通过发明人进一步的研究发现，在将现有的电池单体的电极端子抵接以进行焊接的过程中，由于极柱用于焊接的外表面的平面度难以控制，可能存在表面不平整的情况，使得焊接时两个电池单体的极柱的外边缘无法紧密抵接在一起，从而影响焊接的质量，使得焊接得到的产品容易存在虚焊、焊接区域塌陷等问题导致连接的强度较低，进一步导致电池可靠性差、安全性差的问题。
为解决上述电池单体结构导致电池可靠性差、安全性差的问题，申请人研究发现，可以对电池单体的端盖的结构进行改进，在端盖上设置突出部并在突出部外表面的中心区域设置凹槽，凹槽能够使得突出部的中心区域较用于焊接的边缘区域更靠近电池单体的内部，能够降低由于突出部的中心区域突出于边缘区域导致焊接出现缺陷的概率，基于此，该种结构能够提高电池单体及采用该电池单体的电池的安全性。
基于以上考虑，为了解决电池单体可靠性差和安全性差的问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池单体，该电池单体的端盖具有突出部，突出部用于与另一电池单体焊接形成焊接区域以将该电池单体与另一电池单体电连接，突出部外表面的中心区域设置有凹槽，使得突出部外表面的中心区域较边缘区域更靠近电池单体的内部。通过采用该种电池单体，能够提高电池单体及采用该电池单体的电池的安全性。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统，这样，有利于提高电池的可靠性和安全性。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、 电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图。电池100可以包括多个电池单体20。除了电池单体之外，电池100还可以包括箱体(或称罩体)，箱体的内部为中空结构，多个电池单体20可容纳于箱体内。如图2所示，箱体可以包括两部分，这里分别称为第一部分(上箱体)111和第二部分(下箱体)112，第一部分111和第二部分112扣合在一起。第一部分111和第二部分112的形状可以根据多个电池单体20组合的形状而定，第一部分111和第二部分112可以均具有一个开口。例如，第一部分111和第二部分112均可以为中空长方体且各自只有一个面为开口面，第一部分111的开口和第二部分112的开口相对设置，并且 第一部分111和第二部分112相互扣合形成具有封闭腔室的箱体。多个电池单体20相互并联或串联或混联组合后置于第一部分111和第二部分112扣合后形成的箱体内。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件(图中未示出)，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。
例如，如图3所示，为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的分解结构示意图。如图3所示，该电池单体20可以包括壳体21、端盖22和电极组件23。壳体21和端盖22形成外壳或电池盒，壳体21的壁和端盖22的壁均称为电池单体20的壁。壳体21根据一个或多个电极组件23组合后的形状而定。例如，壳体21可以为图3所示的中空的圆柱体，或者，若电池单体20为刀片式电池单体，壳体21可以为长度较长的长方体。并且壳体21的至少一个面具有开口以便一个或多个电极组件23放置于壳体21内。例如，当壳体21为中空的圆柱体时，壳体21的端面为开口面，即该端面不具有壁体而使得壳体21内外相通。从图3可以看出，圆柱形电池单体具有两个圆形端面，该两个圆形端面之间为柱体，柱体部分可以包括电极组件23。端盖22覆盖开口并且与壳体21连接，以形成防止电极组件23的封闭的腔体。壳体21内填充有电解质，例如电解液。
端盖22上可以设置有电极端子24，由电极端子24与电池单体20以外的部件进行电连接，可选地，如本申请的实施例中所示，电池单体20在两端可以分别具有一个电极端子24，电极端子24可以为端盖22形成的突出部222；又或者，也可以将电池单体20的其中一端为上述结构，另一端可以由壳体21或极柱形成的电极端子24实现电连接。
在该电池单体20中，根据实际使用需求，电极组件23可设置为单个，或多个，在本申请的一些实施例中，如图3所示，电池单体20内设置有一个电极组件23。
为此，本申请实施例提供了如图4所示的电池单体20。如图4所示，电池单体20包括壳体21和端盖22，壳体21具有开口，端盖22盖合于开口处，端盖22包括本体部221和突出部222，本体部221用于与壳体21连接，突出部222朝向远离电池单体20内部的方向突出于本体部221，突出部222被配置为与本体部221一体成型，突出部222靠近本体部221的边缘用于与另一电池单体20焊接形成焊接区域以使电池单体20与另一电池单体20电连接；突出部222外表面的中心区域还设置有凹槽223，凹槽223被配置为由突出部222的外表面朝向本体部221凹陷形成，以使突出部222的中心区域较焊接区域更靠近电池单体20的内部。
本体部221和突出部222是指在端盖22具有一定距离的不同平面，该距离是由于突出部222突出于本体部221所形成，该距离的大小在本申请中不做限定。本体部221用于与壳体21连接，其连接方式包括但不限于为焊接、粘接等；突出部222突出于本体部221的结构可以通过多种工艺得到，例如，冲压、机加工等。
在将两个电池单体20焊接时，可以采用激光焊、点焊等焊接方式，在焊接过程中，可以先使两个电池单体20上的焊接部分紧密接触，例如，可以利用工装夹具等辅助工具对两个电池单体20施加压力以使两者的 焊接部位紧密接触。其中一个电池单体20为本实施例所提供的电池单体20，在将该电池单体20焊接至另一电池单体20上时，由于焊接所形成的熔池的深度有限，使得突出部222靠近本体部221的边缘在焊接的过程中能够形成焊接区域，而突出部222外表面靠近中心的区域则不会形成焊接区域。可以认为，突出部222靠近本体部221的边缘即在焊接时能够形成焊接区域的部分。
由于端盖22一体成型，相较于端盖22非一体结构的方案，减少了电极端子24和端盖22的焊接界面，从而尽可能避免了因端盖22与电极端子24非一体结构，通过焊接密封而导致的焊缝失效，密封性不好的问题。同时，将电池单体20的突出部222的外表面的中心区域设置凹槽223，在将两个电池单体20的突出部222对焊，或者，在将一个电池单体20的突出部222与另一电池单体20的壳体21等其他部件焊接时，避免由于突出部222的中心区域较边缘区域更突出，使得突出部222上用于焊接的边缘区域难以与另一电池单体20紧密抵接。通过采用上述方案，突出部222的边缘能够与另一电池单体20实现紧密抵接以进行焊接，能够降低出现虚焊、焊接区域塌陷等焊接缺陷，以提高焊接的强度，进而提升电池的可靠性、安全性。
另外，在电池单体20的端盖22和壳体21间还可以设置一个密封圈50，如图4所示，密封圈50可以用于在端盖22和壳体21组装时，密封端盖22和壳体21间可能存在的间隙，本申请对此不做限定。
在一种实现方式中，如图5所示，本体部221的外表面2210较所述凹槽223的底壁2230更靠近所述电池单体20的内部。
凹槽223是由突出部222的外表面朝向本体部221凹陷而成的，此凹陷可以通过多种工艺得到，例如，冲压、机加工等。凹槽223的底壁2230是突出部222的外表面朝向本体部221凹陷的底部，是与本体部221 的外表面2210具有一定距离的平面，且该距离可以通过加工工艺的操作控制。在本申请的实施例中，凹槽223的底部2230与本体部221的外表面2210具有一定距离，且本体部221的外表面2210比凹槽223的底部2230更靠近电池单体20的内部，这样，在电池单体20的内部，对应于凹槽223的底壁2230的区域具有额外的空间，提升了电池单体20的内部空间，从而提升能量密度。
在一种实现方式中，如图5所示，突出部222包括沿远离电池单体20内部延伸的内层壁2221和外层壁2222，外层壁2222套设于内层壁2221的外侧，内层壁2221与外层壁2222之间具有间隙2223，间隙2223为0.1-1mm。
突出部222是端盖22上突出于本体部221，沿远离电池单体20内部延伸的平面，外层壁2222是该平面上突出部222的远离电池单体轴心的靠外侧的壁，内层壁2221是该平面上突出部222的靠近电池单体轴心的靠内侧的壁。内层壁2221和外层壁2222之间的间隙2223的宽度可调控，间隙2223的宽度影响电池单体20的密封性。
外层壁2222与内层壁2221间的间隙2223过小时，难以在间隙2223处进行密封，间隙2223过大时，在突出部222对焊时，容易造成突出部222塌陷，因此外层壁2222与内层壁2221间的间隙2223不宜过小也不宜过大，间隙2223尺寸设置为0.1-1mm，可以保证间隙2223能够被密封，且不易焊接塌陷，保证了电池单体20的密封性。
在一种实现方式中，如图5所示，电池单体还包括密封件30，密封件30的至少部分被夹设于间隙2223中。
密封件30是具有密封作用的能够夹设于间隙2223的密封物体，密封件的材质可以和突出部相同，也可以不同，其形状也不限，可以与间隙的形状相匹配，也可以与间隙的横截面的形状相匹配，只需保证可以密 封间隙即可。可选地，密封件30可以是固体密封圈，也可以是胶体，本申请对此不做限定。
通过在内层壁2221与外层壁2222之间的间隙2223内设置密封件30，可以避免在焊接时由于外层壁被焊穿而破坏电池单体的密封性，从而提升电池单体20的密封性能。
在一种实现方式中，在端盖22的内表面，内层壁2221焊接于外层壁2222以密封间隙。
内层壁2221焊接于外层壁2222是指在内层壁2221和外层壁2222的间隙处进行焊接，焊接过程中，在高温下，内层壁2221和外层壁2222融合以密封间隙。
内层壁2221焊接于外层壁2222来密封间隙2223，避免在焊接时由于外层壁被焊穿而破坏电池单体的密封性，从而提高电池单体20的密封性能。
在一种实现方式中，如图4所示，突出部222被配置为圆环状。这样在对突出部222与另一电池单体20进行焊接时可以进行旋转焊接，能够提高焊接的效率。应理解，突出部222也可以为其他形状，本申请对此不做限定。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池100，如图6所示，包括第一电池单体201和第二电池单体202，第一电池单体201和第二电池单体202均为如以上任一方案所述的电池单体20；如图7所示，第一电池单体201的突出部222a与第二电池单体202的突出部222b沿第一方向X焊接以使第一电池单体201与第二电池单体202电连接；第一电池单体201的凹槽223a和第二电池单体202的凹槽223b沿第一方向X相对以形成容纳空间25。
第一电池单体201的突出部222a和第二电池单体202的突出部222b沿第一方向X焊接，实现两个电池单体20的电极端子24的连接，从 而实现电池单体20的电连接；电池单体20的突出部222对焊，突出部222的凹槽223对接，形成了容纳空间25。
在一种实现方式中，如图8所示，电池还包括支撑件40，支撑件40容纳于容纳空间25。
支撑件40是可以容纳于容纳空间的固体物件，用于支撑第一电池单体201的突出部222a与第二电池单体202的突出部222b对焊后的焊接区域和突出部222的内层壁2221。
这样，第一电池单体201的突出部222a和第二电池单体202的突出部222b对焊时，突出部222的边缘部分进行焊接，两个电池单体20的突出部222的外表面的中心区域的凹槽223形成容纳空间25，支撑件40容纳于容纳空间25，可以对突出部222的内层壁2221起到支撑的作用，避免了两个电池单体20的突出部222对焊后，焊接区域塌陷失效的问题。
在一种实现方式中，支撑件40沿第一方向X的尺寸小于或等于容纳空间25沿第一方向X的尺寸。
这样两个电池单体20的突出部222对焊时，不会因为支撑件40的尺寸过大，导致两个电池单体20的突出部222无法接触而无法焊接的问题。
在一种实现方式中，容纳空间25包括沿第一方向X延伸的侧壁，支撑件40的至少部分抵接于侧壁对应焊接区域的部分。
可以使支撑件40的形状与容纳空间25的形状相匹配，比如，突出部222被配置为圆环状时，其容纳空间25为圆柱形，则支撑件40的形状也可以为圆柱状，并且，可以使支撑件40与容纳空间25的尺寸相近，这样，在支撑件40装入容纳空间25后能够抵接于容纳空间25的侧壁，避免焊接区域向容纳空间25的内部塌陷造成焊接缺陷。但支撑件40的形状不仅限于与容纳空间25完全匹配，只要支撑件40能够抵接于容纳空间25 沿第一方向X延伸的侧壁对应焊接区域的部分，对突出部222的内层壁2221起到支撑作用即可，本申请对此不做限定。支撑件40可以与突出部222的材质相同，经过焊接后，在焊接热量的影响下，支撑件40可以与突出部222紧密结合，不限地，支撑件40也可以为与突出部222不同的材质形成，例如铜、铁、合金材料等，采用该类材料制成支撑件40能够增加导电面积。支撑件40可以为实心结构，实心结构能够增强两个电池单体20连接处的抗折强度，可选地，支撑件40也可以为空心结构，在降低焊接区域向容纳空间的内部塌陷的概率的同时，能够减轻整体的重量，便于匹配电池100整体的轻量化设计。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池单体(20)，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体(21)，具有开口；
    端盖(22)，盖合于所述开口处，所述端盖(22)包括本体部(221)和突出部(222)，所述本体部(221)用于与所述壳体(21)连接，所述突出部(222)朝向远离所述电池单体(20)内部的方向突出于所述本体部(221)，所述突出部(222)被配置为与所述本体部(221)一体成型，所述突出部(222)靠近所述本体部(221)的边缘用于与另一电池单体(20)焊接形成焊接区域以使所述电池单体(20)与所述另一电池单体(20)电连接；
    所述突出部(222)外表面的中心区域还设置有凹槽(223)，所述凹槽(223)被配置为由所述突出部(222)的外表面朝向所述本体部(221)凹陷形成，以使所述突出部(222)的中心区域较所述焊接区域更靠近所述电池单体(20)的内部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体(20)，其特征在于，所述本体部(221)的外表面(2210)较所述凹槽(223)的底壁(2230)更靠近所述电池单体(20)的内部。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体(20)，其特征在于，所述突出部(222)包括沿远离所述电池单体(20)内部的方向延伸的内层壁(2221)和外层壁(2222)，所述外层壁(2222)套设于所述内层壁(2221)的外侧，所述内层壁(2221)与所述外层壁(2222)之间具有间隙(2223)，所述间隙(2223)为0.1-1mm。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体(20)，其特征在于，所述电池单体(20)还包括密封件(30)，所述密封件(30)的至少部分被夹设于所述间隙(2223)中。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体(20)，其特征在于，在所述端盖(22)的内表面，所述内层壁(2221)焊接于所述外层壁(2222)以密封所述间隙(2223)。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的电池单体(20)，其特征在于，所述突出部(222)被配置为圆环状。
  7. 一种电池(100)，其特征在于，包括：
    第一电池单体(201)和第二电池单体(202)，所述第一电池单体(201)和所述第二电池单体(202)均为如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池单体(20)；
    所述第一电池单体(201)的突出部(222a)与所述第二电池单体(202)的突出部(222b)沿第一方向焊接以使所述第一电池单体(201)与所述第二电池单体(202)电连接；
    所述第一电池单体(201)的凹槽(223a)和所述第二电池单体(202)的凹槽(223b)沿所述第一方向相对以形成容纳空间(25)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池(100)，其特征在于，所述电池(100)还包括支撑件(40)，所述支撑件(40)容纳于所述容纳空间(25)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池(100)，其特征在于，所述支撑件(25)沿所述第一方向的尺寸小于或等于所述容纳空间(25)沿所述第一方向的尺寸。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的电池(100)，其特征在于，所述容纳空间(25)包括沿所述第一方向延伸的侧壁，所述支撑件(40)的至少部分抵接于所述侧壁对应所述焊接区域的部分。
PCT/CN2022/124927 2021-11-26 2022-10-12 电池单体和电池 WO2023093342A1 (zh)

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CN1592977A (zh) * 2001-11-27 2005-03-09 松下电器产业株式会社 电池间连接构造及电池组件与电池组
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