WO2023134265A1 - Conducteur de courant refroidi au gaz et système d'aimant supraconducteur - Google Patents

Conducteur de courant refroidi au gaz et système d'aimant supraconducteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023134265A1
WO2023134265A1 PCT/CN2022/128166 CN2022128166W WO2023134265A1 WO 2023134265 A1 WO2023134265 A1 WO 2023134265A1 CN 2022128166 W CN2022128166 W CN 2022128166W WO 2023134265 A1 WO2023134265 A1 WO 2023134265A1
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Prior art keywords
current lead
pipeline
lead
magnet system
superconducting magnet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/128166
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姚海锋
乐志良
郑杰
朱雪松
刘照泉
许建益
袁金辉
Original Assignee
宁波健信超导科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023134265A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023134265A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/04—Cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
    • H01F6/065—Feed-through bushings, terminals and joints

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnets, in particular to an air-cooled current lead and a superconducting magnet system.
  • the traditional MRI liquid helium soaked zero-volatile superconducting magnet has a structure as shown in Figure 1, including a 300K container 01, a 4K cold head 02 installed on the 300K container 01, a 50K container 03, and a 50K container Cold head level 04 on 03, 4K container 05, cold head level 2 06 and condenser 07 on 4K container 05, superconducting coil 08 and liquid helium 09 in 4K container 05, used for heating liquid Helium 09 heater 010 and current lead 011, the upper end of the current lead 011 is respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the external power supply 013 through the excitation cable 012, and the lower end of the current lead 011 is respectively connected to the superconducting coil 08 through the 4K inner cable 014.
  • the positive pole of the connector and the negative pole of the joint are connected, the end of the current lead 011 is provided with an exhaust port 015 for discharging cold helium gas 018, the end of the current lead 011 is provided with a female connector 017, and the end of the 4K inner cable 014 is provided with a male connector 016.
  • the female end 017 of the current lead 011 Before the magnet is excited or demagnetized, the female end 017 of the current lead 011 needs to be inserted into the male end 016 of the 4K internal cable 014. During the plugging process, the magnet needs to be depressurized and exhausted, which will lose liquid helium 09.
  • the heater 010 can be heated to change the liquid helium 09 into cold helium gas 018, and the cold helium gas 018 flows upward through the inner cavity of the current lead 011, thereby cooling the current lead 011, and finally from the exhaust Port 015 is discharged.
  • the schematic diagram of conventional magnet air-cooled current lead 011 is as shown in Figure 2, and the direction of the arrow in the figure is the flow direction of cold helium gas 018. Because the material of the current lead 011 is usually copper or brass, the heat generated during excitation is large, and the liquid helium 09 consumes a lot.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an air-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system, which can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • An air-cooled current lead and superconducting magnet system including: a 4K container with liquid helium and a superconducting coil, a heater for heating the liquid helium, a cold head device with a cooling function, a current lead and a control device, the upper end of the current lead can be respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the joint of the external power supply through the excitation cable, and the lower end of the current lead can be connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the joint of the superconducting coil through the 4K inner cable respectively,
  • the heater, the cold head device and the external power supply are all connected to the control device;
  • the current lead is a tubular structure, and the top is provided with an exhaust pipe for discharging helium.
  • the current lead and the cold head device are fixed in the 4K container through the same metal flange.
  • the current lead and the An insulator is sandwiched between the metal flanges, and a high temperature superconducting tape is pasted in the tubular structure of the current lead below the metal flanges.
  • the current lead includes two symmetrically distributed lead pipes, the tops of the two lead pipes are connected, the top of the connection of the lead pipes is provided with the exhaust pipe, and the outer periphery of the connection is covered with A transition ring is provided, and the transition ring is an insulating material.
  • the lead tube connected to the metal flange is a middle pipeline
  • the lead tube above the metal flange is an upper pipeline
  • the upper pipeline is made of stainless steel, brass or
  • the pure copper part, the middle pipeline is a pure copper part, and the upper pipeline and the middle pipeline are connected by vacuum brazing or soldering.
  • the lead tube located below the metal flange is a lower pipeline
  • the lower pipeline is made of epoxy material or stainless steel
  • the lower pipeline is connected to the middle pipeline through resin curing or soldered connections.
  • the inner wall of the lower pipeline is axially provided with at least one groove for installing the high-temperature superconducting strip, and the high-temperature superconducting strip is connected to the groove through resin curing.
  • the bottom of the lower pipeline is provided with a lead base, and the lead base is made of pure copper.
  • the lead base and the 4K inner cable are connected by soldering.
  • ventilation holes are provided on the walls of the upper pipeline and the lower pipeline.
  • the insulator includes a filling block sandwiched between the middle pipeline and the metal flange, and the filling block is made of aluminum nitride.
  • a solid resin part is provided at the connection between the middle pipeline and the metal flange.
  • the current lead wire as a whole is fixed on the metal flange through the insulator, so that the metal flange is cold and non-conductive to the current lead wire, and the upper end of the current lead wire can pass through
  • the excitation cable is respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the connector of the external power supply, and the lower end of the current lead can be connected to the positive pole and negative pole of the connector of the superconducting coil through a 4K inner cable to form an external power supply, excitation cable, current lead, and 4K inner cable.
  • the control device can perform excitation or demagnetization operation in real time by controlling whether the external power supply is energized, without manually plugging and unplugging the current leads.
  • the cold head device can cool the metal flange to a temperature range of 50K, and through the cooling effect of the metal flange, it can ensure that the middle section of the current lead is also in the 50K temperature zone to reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead from the upper high temperature zone to the lower 4K temperature zone during the steady state operation of the magnet.
  • the heater can be controlled by the control device
  • the liquid helium is heated to generate a sufficient amount of cold helium gas, which flows upwards to fully cool the inside and outside of the current lead, and is discharged from the exhaust pipe.
  • This device can not only ensure the stable operation of the magnet, but also effectively reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead, and make the excitation operation of the magnet simpler, without repeatedly plugging and pulling the lead, avoiding various risks of plugging and pulling the lead, and can also Automated excitation or demagnetization of magnets.
  • the air-cooled current leads and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the zero-volatile superconducting magnet soaked in MRI liquid helium in the prior art
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of conventional magnet air-cooled current lead
  • Fig. 3 is the structural representation of air-cooled current lead wire and superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a current lead
  • Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of place A in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is the structural representation of lead tube
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the high-temperature superconducting strip and the lower pipeline.
  • 01 is 300K container
  • 02 is 4K cold head
  • 03 is 50K container
  • 04 is the first stage of cold head
  • 05 is 4K container
  • 06 is the second stage of cold head
  • 07 is condenser
  • 08 is superconducting coil
  • 09 is liquid helium
  • 010 is the heater
  • 011 is the current lead
  • 012 is the excitation cable
  • 013 is the external power supply
  • 014 is the 4K inner cable
  • 015 is the exhaust port
  • 016 is the male connector
  • 017 is the female connector
  • 018 is the cold helium gas
  • 1 is liquid helium
  • 2 is superconducting coil
  • 3 is 4K container
  • 4 is heater
  • 5 is cold head device
  • 6 is current lead
  • 7 is control device
  • 8 is excitation cable
  • 9 is external power supply
  • 10 is 4K Inner cable
  • 11 is the exhaust pipe
  • 12 is the metal flange
  • 13 is the insulator
  • 14 is the high temperature superconducting strip
  • 15 is the lead tube
  • 16 is the transition ring
  • 17 is the middle pipeline
  • 18 is the upper pipeline
  • 19 20 is a lead base
  • 21 is a vent hole
  • 22 is a solid resin piece
  • 23 is helium.
  • the core of the invention is to provide an air-cooled current lead and a superconducting magnet system, which can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
  • Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the air-cooled current lead wire and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the current lead wire
  • Fig. 5 is the part of A place in Fig. 4 Enlarged view
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the lead pipe
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the assembly of the high-temperature superconducting strip and the lower pipeline.
  • This specific embodiment provides an air-cooled current lead and a superconducting magnet system, including: a 4K container 3 equipped with liquid helium 1 and a superconducting coil 2, a heater 4 for heating the liquid helium 1, and a cooling function
  • the cold head device 5, the current lead wire 6 and the control device 7, the upper end of the current lead wire 6 can be respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the joint of the external power supply 9 through the excitation cable 8, and the lower end of the current lead wire 6 can be respectively connected with the external power supply 9 through the 4K internal cable 10.
  • the positive pole and negative pole of the joint of the superconducting coil 2 are connected, the heater 4, the cold head device 5 and the external power supply 9 are all connected to the control device 7;
  • the current lead 6 is a tubular structure, and the top is provided with an exhaust gas for discharging helium
  • the tube 11, the current lead 6 and the cold head device 5 are fixed in the 4K container 3 through the same metal flange 12, an insulating member 13 is interposed between the current lead 6 and the metal flange 12, and the current lead 6 is located on the metal flange 12
  • a high temperature superconducting strip 14 is pasted inside the lower tubular structure.
  • the superconducting magnet system usually includes a 300K container, a 4K cold head arranged on the 300K container, a 50K container, a cold head first stage arranged on the 50K container, a 4K container 3, and a cold head installed on the 4K container 3.
  • the cold head stage 2 and the condenser, the cold head device 5 of this device includes a cold head stage 1 and a cold head stage 2, the current lead 6 located at the metal flange 12 is in a temperature zone of 50K, and the current lead 6 located above the metal flange 12
  • the lead wire 6 is in the temperature range of 50K-300K, and the current lead wire 6 located under the metal flange 12 is in the temperature range of 4K-50K.
  • the operating power of the first stage of the cold head is large, and the cooling effect is better.
  • the first stage of the cold head can cool the metal flange 12 to a temperature range of 50K, and the metal flange 12 can conduct cooling to the current lead 6, so that the metal flange 12 The junction with the current lead 6 is also in the 50K temperature range.
  • the second stage of the cold head has low operating power and relatively poor cooling effect, so the device is attached with a high-temperature superconducting strip 14 in the tubular structure below the metal flange 12 to reduce heat leakage of the magnet.
  • the 4K container 3, the heater 4, the cold head device 5, the current lead 6, the control device 7, the excitation cable 8, the external power supply 9, the 4K inner cable 10, the metal The shape, structure, size, position, material, etc. of the flange 12, the insulator 13, and the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 are determined.
  • the current lead 6 is integrally fixed on the metal flange 12 through the insulator 13, so that the metal flange 12 conducts cooling and non-conduction to the current lead 6, and the current
  • the upper end of the lead wire 6 can be respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the joint of the external power supply 9 through the excitation cable 8, and the lower end of the current lead 6 can be respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the joint of the superconducting coil 2 through the 4K internal cable 10 to form an external connection.
  • the control device 7 can perform the excitation or demagnetization operation in real time by controlling whether the external power supply 9 is energized, without manually plugging and unplugging the current lead 6 .
  • the first stage of the cold head can cool the metal flange 12 to a temperature range of 50K, and through the cooling effect of the metal flange 12, the current lead 6 can be guaranteed
  • the middle section is also in the 50K temperature zone to reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead 6 from the upper high temperature zone to the lower 4K temperature zone when the magnet operates in a steady state.
  • the heater 4 is controlled to heat the liquid helium 1 to generate a sufficient amount of helium gas 23 , and the helium gas 23 flows upward to fully cool the inside and outside of the current lead 6 and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 11 .
  • This device can not only ensure the stable operation of the magnet, but also effectively reduce the heat leakage phenomenon of the current lead wire 6, and make the excitation operation of the magnet simpler, without repeatedly inserting and pulling out the lead wire, avoiding various risks of plugging and pulling out the lead wire, and also The magnet can be automatically excited or demagnetized.
  • the air-cooled current leads and the superconducting magnet system provided by the present invention can effectively improve the excitation operation effect of the superconducting magnet.
  • the current lead 6 includes two symmetrically distributed lead tubes 15, the tops of the two lead tubes 15 are connected, and the top of the connection of the lead tubes 15 is provided with an exhaust pipe 11, and the top of the connected part
  • a transition ring 16 is sheathed on the outer periphery, and the transition ring 16 is made of insulating material.
  • the structure of the current lead 6 is shown in FIG. 4 , and the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4 is the flow direction of the helium gas 23 .
  • the lead tube 15 on the left can be set as the positive current lead 6 and the lead tube 15 on the right can be set as the negative current lead 6 .
  • a transition ring 16 is sheathed on the outer periphery of the connecting part of the lead pipe 15, so that the lead pipe 15 is divided into upper and lower parts, and the upper and lower parts are electrically insulated.
  • the transition ring 16 can be set as a solid resin material Afterwards, the upper end of the annealed copper wire can be connected to the joint of the external power supply 9, and the lower end of the annealed copper wire is connected to the upper section of the current lead 6 and the position below the transition ring 16 to ensure the connection of the current loop.
  • the shape, structure, position, etc. of the transition ring 16 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs during actual operation.
  • the lead pipe 15 connected to the metal flange 12 is the middle pipe 17, the lead pipe 15 above the metal flange 12 is the upper pipe 18, and the upper pipe 18 is made of stainless steel, brass or pure copper , the middle pipeline 17 is a pure copper piece, and the upper pipeline 18 and the middle pipeline 17 are connected by vacuum brazing or soldering.
  • the material of the upper pipeline 18 can be selected according to the operating current of the magnet.
  • the lead pipe 15 located below the metal flange 12 is a lower pipeline 19, and the lower pipeline 19 is made of epoxy material or stainless steel, and the lower pipeline 19 and the middle pipeline 17 are connected by resin curing or brazing .
  • connection mode between the middle pipeline 17 and the lower pipeline 19 depends on the material of the lower pipeline 19, and the lower pipeline 19 can be set as a thin-walled pipe.
  • the material of the thin-walled pipe is epoxy, it can be The thin-walled tube is solidified on the middle pipeline 17 by using liquid resin or solid resin.
  • the material of the thin-walled tube is stainless steel, the above-mentioned resin curing method can be used for fixing, and the thin-walled tube can be fixed on the middle pipeline 17 by brazing.
  • the inner wall of the lower pipeline 19 is axially provided with at least one groove for installing the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 , and the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 and the groove are connected by resin curing.
  • connection between the lower pipeline 19 and the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 can be cured by epoxy resin, so that the high-temperature superconducting strip 14 and the thin-walled tube become an integral body, and the thin-walled tube is connected to the high-temperature superconducting strip. 14 has mechanical protection.
  • the high-temperature superconducting strips 14 can be uniformly distributed on the thin-walled tube, and the quantity of the high-temperature superconducting strips 14 is not limited to 4, and the actual number of the high-temperature superconducting strips 14 depends on the operation of the magnet. Current size. That is to say, the shape, position, number, etc. of the grooves can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs in the actual application process.
  • the bottom of the lower pipeline 19 is provided with a lead base 20, and the lead base 20 is made of pure copper.
  • the lead base 20 can effectively fix the current lead 6 .
  • the connection mode between the lower pipeline 19 and the lead base 20 is the same as the connection mode between the lower pipeline 19 and the middle pipeline 17, that is, the specific connection mode between the lower pipeline 19 and the lead base 20 depends on the material of the thin-walled tube.
  • the lead base 20 and the 4K inner cable 10 are connected by soldering to ensure effective conduction of the circulation loop formed by the external power supply 9 , the excitation cable 8 , the current lead 6 , the 4K inner cable 10 and the superconducting coil 2 .
  • vent holes 21 are provided on the walls of the upper pipeline 18 and the lower pipeline 19 , as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • vent holes 21 are provided on the walls of the upper pipeline 18 and the lower pipeline 19, because the vent holes 21 can enhance the effect of convective heat transfer, so as to ensure that the current lead 6 can be sufficiently cooled during excitation or demagnetization.
  • the number, size and position of the ventilation holes 21 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs during actual operation.
  • the insulator 13 includes a filling block sandwiched between the middle pipeline 17 and the metal flange 12, and the filling block is made of aluminum nitride. That is to say, aluminum nitride can be used to fill between the middle pipeline 17 and the metal flange 12 .
  • Aluminum nitride has the function of insulating and conducting cold, so as to ensure that the metal flange 12 only conducts cooling and does not conduct electricity to the current lead 6 .
  • a solid resin piece 22 is provided at the connection between the middle pipeline 17 and the metal flange 12 .
  • the metal flange 12 can be made of pure copper, and the middle pipeline 17 of the current lead 6 can be fixed on the metal flange 12 by using the solid resin part 22, so that the current lead 6 does not need to be inserted and pulled out repeatedly.
  • the shape, structure, position, etc. of the filling block and the solid resin piece 22 can be determined according to the actual situation and actual needs during actual operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Conducteur de courant refroidi par gaz et système d'aimant supraconducteur. Le système comprend : un récipient 4K rempli d'hélium liquide et d'une bobine supraconductrice, un dispositif de chauffage pour chauffer l'hélium liquide, un appareil de tête froide ayant une fonction de refroidissement, un conducteur de courant et un appareil de commande, une extrémité supérieure du conducteur de courant pouvant être connectée à une électrode de connecteur positive et à une électrode de connecteur négative d'une source d'alimentation externe au moyen de câbles d'excitation, et une extrémité inférieure du conducteur de courant pouvant être respectivement connectée à une électrode de connecteur positive et à une électrode de connecteur négative de la bobine supraconductrice au moyen de câbles internes 4K ; le dispositif de chauffage, l'appareil de tête froide et la source d'alimentation externe étant tous connectés à l'appareil de commande ; le conducteur de courant ayant une structure tubulaire, et sa partie supérieure étant pourvue d'un tube d'évent pour évacuer l'hélium ; le conducteur de courant et l'appareil de tête froide étant fixés dans le récipient 4K au moyen de la même bride métallique ; un élément d'isolation étant pris en sandwich entre le conducteur de courant et la bride métallique ; et une bande supraconductrice à haute température étant fixée dans la structure tubulaire du conducteur de courant située au-dessous de la bride métallique. L'appareil peut réduire la fuite de chaleur d'un conducteur de courant pendant le fonctionnement en régime permanent d'un aimant, et simplifier un fonctionnement d'excitation.
PCT/CN2022/128166 2022-01-11 2022-10-28 Conducteur de courant refroidi au gaz et système d'aimant supraconducteur WO2023134265A1 (fr)

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CN202210024160.4 2022-01-11
CN202210024160.4A CN114038645B (zh) 2022-01-11 2022-01-11 一种气冷电流引线及超导磁体系统

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CN117894546A (zh) * 2024-03-14 2024-04-16 能量奇点能源科技(上海)有限公司 一种高温超导电流引线冷却装置
CN117894546B (zh) * 2024-03-14 2024-05-10 能量奇点能源科技(上海)有限公司 一种高温超导电流引线冷却装置
CN117936222A (zh) * 2024-03-22 2024-04-26 宁波健信超导科技股份有限公司 一种超导磁体励磁低温系统
CN117936222B (zh) * 2024-03-22 2024-05-28 宁波健信超导科技股份有限公司 一种超导磁体励磁低温系统

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