WO2023133962A1 - 一种利用新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法 - Google Patents
一种利用新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023133962A1 WO2023133962A1 PCT/CN2022/076458 CN2022076458W WO2023133962A1 WO 2023133962 A1 WO2023133962 A1 WO 2023133962A1 CN 2022076458 W CN2022076458 W CN 2022076458W WO 2023133962 A1 WO2023133962 A1 WO 2023133962A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- silkworm
- silkworms
- new
- cocooning
- mature
- Prior art date
Links
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009732 tufting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000001370 mediastinum Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255777 Lepidoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000085 cashmere Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of bundling silkworms, and in particular relates to a method for bundling silkworms by using a novel tufting tool.
- the silkworm (Bombyx mori) is an important economic insect, which has been domesticated and raised for more than 5700 years.
- the silkworm is a complete metamorphosis of Lepidoptera, which goes through egg, larva, pupa and adult throughout its life. The larvae develop to the end of the fifth instar to spin silk and form cocoons, and silkworm cocoons are important raw materials for silk spinning. Cocooning requires several generations of cocoons to be updated. In the 1980s, grass dragons (made of straw) were used. Because grass dragons were used to make cocoons, a large number of wood-printed cocoons would be formed, and they could not be sterilized and could not be reused. , which is no longer used.
- Bombyx mori cocoons are collected and moved to clusters.
- the commonly used cocoon box is a grid box, including a cardboard box and a wooden box box, and a corresponding automatic cocoon harvesting machine has been developed.
- the cardboard grid box absorbs silkworm urine for many times, which will cause the box to be deformed, which is not suitable for cocoon harvesting machines.
- Manual cocoon picking affects the efficiency of cocoon picking.
- the cardboard grid box cannot be disinfected with bleaching powder, which will cause The pathogen that causes silkworm disease spreads, and the number of macular cocoons needs to be reduced.
- plank grid is not easy to deform, due to the poor water absorption of the wood, it will lead to the increase of macular cocoons; in addition, the production of the plank grid needs to cut down a large amount of wood, which has ecological and environmental problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new types of cotters in production to overcome the disadvantages of existing coffers and meet the high-quality development of silkworm industry.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of tufting tool and a method for carrying it on the silkworm.
- it can effectively avoid macular cocoons, increase the ventilation performance of the clustering tool, and improve the unwinding performance of the silkworm cocoon.
- it can meet the physiological needs of silkworm upper clusters and avoid abnormal silkworm cocoons such as double palace silkworms.
- the new silkworm upper clusters have a firm structure, which is convenient for cocoon picking machines, can be used repeatedly, and is effectively sterilized.
- a new type of silkworm upper sack cluster including a frame, a urination groove and a ventilation ditch; the frame is provided with a horizontal baffle and a vertical baffle; The groove is located on the horizontal baffle, and the ventilation ditch is located on the vertical baffle.
- the urination trough is not transparent, can hold urine, and the ventilation channel is transparent, so that air flow can be formed.
- the new tufting tool is used for bundling;
- the new tufting tool includes a frame, a urine collection groove and a ventilation ditch;
- the frame is equipped with A horizontal baffle and a vertical baffle;
- the urine accumulation groove is located on the horizontal baffle, and the ventilation groove is located on the vertical baffle.
- the method for using the above-mentioned novel cluster tool to carry out silkworm bundling includes the following steps: (1) when the cooked silkworms are bundled, the cooked silkworms climb into the grid cluster; (2) the cooked silkworms are stored in the grid cluster in the grid In the urine storage tank of the horizontal baffle; the ventilation groove of the vertical baffle increases the air flow, and quickly dries the silkworm urine stored in the urine storage tank; (3) The mature silkworm completes cocooning in the new cluster.
- the novel tufting tool is placed on the silkworm seat, and cooked silkworms climb onto the new type of tufting tool for stacking, or the new type of clustering tool is fixed (hanged) above the silkworm seat, and cooked silkworms climb onto the new type of clustering tool for stacking.
- the fixing device is located on the frame of the novel cluster tool, such as a hook, a support frame, etc., and is a common sense structure.
- a cluster is composed of horizontal baffles and vertical baffles, the frame is a square grid, the surface of the horizontal baffles is provided with a urine accumulation groove, and the vertical baffles are provided with a through-flow ventilation ditch, without other parts or structures, and the yellow spot after the silkworm goes up to the cluster
- the number of cocoons decreased significantly, and the unwinding rate increased significantly.
- the novel tufting tool disclosed by the present invention can be directly used as the upper bunching tool for silkworms, and hooks, hanging rods or support bars can also be set on the framework of the novel silkworm tufting tool to form the silkworm upper bunching tool, which is a common sense structure. Does not affect the realization of the technical effect of the utility model.
- the invention discloses the application of the above-mentioned novel tufting tool in the upper cocoon of silkworm or in reducing the macular cocoon in the upper cocoon of silkworm and/or improving the cocoon unwinding rate.
- the horizontal baffles and the vertical baffles are connected to form a grid cluster; in the grid cluster, there are 5 to 20 horizontal grids and 8 to 30 vertical grids; it can meet the physiological needs of the silkworm on the cluster , to avoid the upper clusters being too dense, and abnormal cocoons such as double palace silkworms appear.
- the urination trough is not transparent, can hold urine, and the ventilation channel is transparent, so that air flow can be formed.
- the silkworm will discharge the excrement in the body and fall into the urine accumulation trough when the silkworm is on the upper sack, so as to prevent silkworm urine from dripping onto the silkworm below, causing pollution , forming macular cocoons, thereby affecting the quality of silkworm cocoons.
- the grooves on the surface of the urine accumulation groove can increase the friction force on the surface of the horizontal baffle, so that the cooked silkworm cocoons can be more stable in the grid cluster and not easy to slip.
- the urine of silkworms is stored in urinal troughs.
- the frame is composed of horizontal baffles and vertical baffles; the vertical baffles are provided with ventilation grooves, and the number of ventilation grooves is 1 to 5.
- the ventilation grooves can enhance the air flow and reduce the humidity of the upper clusters.
- it can quickly dry the silkworm urine stored in the urine collection tank on the surface of the horizontal baffle, avoiding the generation of macular cocoons, providing a relatively dry environment for the silkworm on the cocoon, improving the unwinding performance of the silkworm cocoon, and also convenient for the silkworm to go to the cocoon. climb up.
- the new-type cluster tool is made of plastic material, which can be injection-molded and has a firm structure.
- the cocoon harvester can be used to pick cocoons, and bleaching powder can be used to sterilize the new-type cluster tool to remove diseased silkworms.
- the various pathogens left behind are cleaned up to avoid a large number of infectious silkworm diseases, which will cause serious damage to silkworm cocoon production.
- the new clusters can also be used repeatedly, reducing production costs.
- the present invention Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention provides a new type of tufting tool and a method of carrying it on the silkworm, on the one hand, it can effectively avoid macular cocoons, increase the ventilation performance of the clustering tool, and improve the cocoon detachment. Comfort performance, on the other hand, can meet the physiological needs of the silkworm on the cocoon and avoid abnormal silkworm cocoons such as double palace silkworms.
- the new silkworm upper cocoon has a firm structure, which is convenient for the cocoon harvester to pick cocoons, can be used repeatedly, and is effectively sterilized;
- the invented method can meet the physiological needs of the silkworm on the cocoon, avoid the cocoons that are too dense, and abnormal cocoons such as double palace silkworms appear; at the same time, it provides a relatively dry upper cocoon environment and improves the unwinding performance of the silkworm cocoon; especially, the present invention can greatly It can avoid the generation of macular cocoons, and at the same time make the silkworm more stable in the grid cluster and not easy to slip when cocooning.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel cluster tool of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal baffle of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the vertical baffle structure of the present invention.
- horizontal baffle plate 1 horizontal baffle plate 1, vertical baffle plate 2, urine accumulation groove 3, ventilation ditch 4.
- the frame is composed of horizontal baffles and vertical baffles, and the horizontal baffles and vertical baffles are connected to form a grid cluster.
- Silkworm growth to mature silkworms and subsequent cocoon picking are all prior art.
- the new cluster tool is placed on the silkworm seat, and the positional relationship of the parts is the specific positional relationship during actual application.
- the novel silkworm tufting tool disclosed by the present invention can form a novel silkworm tufting tool with a fixing device, and the fixing device is located on the frame of the novel silkworm tufting tool, such as a hook, a support frame, etc., and is a common-sense structure.
- Embodiment 1 Referring to accompanying drawings 1-3, a new type of cluster tool is composed of a horizontal baffle 1 and a vertical baffle 2 to form a frame and form a grid cluster. Ventilation ditch 4 is arranged; The width of grid is 54cm, height is 40cm, and thickness is 2.8cm, totally 156 grids.
- the method for using the above-mentioned novel tufting tool to carry out the silkworm collage includes the following steps: (1) the novel tufting tool is placed on the silkworm seat, and when the mature silkworm is collaged, climb into the grid; (2) the mature silkworm is in the grid, Urine is stored in the urine storage tank of the horizontal baffle; the ventilation groove of the vertical baffle increases the air flow, and the silkworm urine stored in the urine storage tank is quickly dried; (3) The mature silkworm completes cocooning in the grid .
- the silkworm species used Suxiu ⁇ Chunfeng, which is an existing variety, was raised in one sheet (25,000 grains), and was routinely reared until the mature silkworm stage, and the above-mentioned clusters were used for upper sacks. After the mature silkworms were upper sacked, no two silkworms were seen at the same time.
- the excrement (urine) of cooked silkworms is stored in the urine accumulation groove on the horizontal baffle, and the ventilation grooves on the vertical baffle increase the air flow, reduce the humidity in the new cluster, and store the urine in the urine accumulation tank.
- the silkworm urine in the groove dries up quickly, and the silkworm cocoons are stable and not easy to fall off.
- the silkworm cocoons in the grid clusters that have completed cocooning were collected by a cocoon picker, and a sampling survey found that 12 macular cocoons appeared in 1000 silkworm cocoons. Silkworm cocoons were dropped, but double cocoons were not found.
- Comparative Example 1 Adopt the new-type cluster tool in Example 1 except for the urination trough.
- the frame is composed of horizontal baffles and vertical baffles to form a grid cluster, and the vertical baffles are provided with ventilation grooves.
- the silkworm species used Suxiu ⁇ Chunfeng, which is an existing variety, is raised in 1 sheet (25,000 grains), and is routinely raised until the mature silkworm stage, and the above-mentioned clusters are used for upper sacks. Falling on other silkworms, there is a phenomenon that silkworm cocoons are unstable and fall off; the cocoons in the grid clusters that have completed cocooning are collected by cocoon picking machines, and a sampling survey reveals that 268 macular cocoons appear in 1000 silkworm cocoons. The incidence of macular callus was 26.8%.
- Comparative Example 2 Adopt the new-type cluster tool of Embodiment 1 except for the ventilation ditch.
- the framework is composed of horizontal baffles and vertical baffles to form a grid cluster, and the horizontal baffles are provided with urine accumulation grooves.
- the silkworm species used Suxiu ⁇ Chunfeng, which is an existing variety, is raised in one sheet (25,000 grains), and is routinely raised until the mature silkworm stage is used.
- the above-mentioned clusters are used for upper sacks. When climbing upwards, there is a phenomenon of mature silkworms slipping, and the ventilation performance Poor, the humidity in the grid cluster is high, the silkworm cocoon in the grid cluster that has completed cocooning is collected by a cocoon harvester, the unwinding rate is 81%, and double palace cocoons are found.
- Comparative Example 1 Bombyx mori species: Suxiu ⁇ Chunfeng, which is an existing species, is raised in 1 sheet (25,000 grains), and is routinely raised until the mature silkworm stage, and the existing cardboard grid is used for upper stacking. After the mature silkworms are stacked, the mature silkworms The discharged urine will drip onto the cardboard, and the cardboard will be damp and softened, resulting in deformation, and the humidity in the cardboard grid cluster is high, and the mature silkworms are crowded and collided with each other.
- Suxiu ⁇ Chunfeng which is an existing species, is raised in 1 sheet (25,000 grains), and is routinely raised until the mature silkworm stage, and the existing cardboard grid is used for upper stacking. After the mature silkworms are stacked, the mature silkworms The discharged urine will drip onto the cardboard, and the cardboard will be damp and softened, resulting in deformation, and the humidity in the cardboard grid cluster is high, and the mature silkworms are crowded and collided with each other.
- the cocoons cannot be collected by the cocoon picking machine.
- the cocoons in the paper square clusters that have been cocooned are collected manually.
- the efficiency of manual cocoon picking is low. According to a sampling survey, 80 yellow spots appeared in 1000 cocoons.
- the incidence rate of cocoon and macular cocoon is 8%, and the rate of relaxation is 78%.
- Comparative Example 2 Bombyx mori species: Suxiu ⁇ Chunfeng, which is an existing species, is raised in 1 sheet (25,000 grains), and is routinely raised until the mature silkworm stage, and the existing wooden plank grid is used for upper stacking. After the mature silkworms are stacked, the wooden board square The water absorption of the grid clusters is poor, and the urine discharged by the mature silkworms will drip onto other silkworms, forming yellow spots, and the humidity in the wooden grid grid clusters is high, and the mature silkworms are crowded and collided with each other.
- Suxiu ⁇ Chunfeng which is an existing species, is raised in 1 sheet (25,000 grains), and is routinely raised until the mature silkworm stage, and the existing wooden plank grid is used for upper stacking. After the mature silkworms are stacked, the wooden board square The water absorption of the grid clusters is poor, and the urine discharged by the mature silkworms will drip onto other silkworms, forming yellow spots, and the humidity in the wooden grid grid clusters
- the silkworm cocoons in the paper grid clusters that have completed the cocooning were collected by a cocoon picker, and the sampling survey was performed. Compared with Example 2, the effect was worse. It was found that among 1000 silkworm cocoons, 164 macular cocoons appeared, and the incidence rate of macular cocoons was 16.4 %, the relief rate is 67%.
- a silkworm cocoon with the function of preventing macular cocoons which includes a plurality of vertically opposite horizontal tuft sheets and a plurality of horizontally opposite vertical tuft sheets arranged in a staggered manner to form a plurality of The unit tuft grooves extending longitudinally, and the surfaces of the plurality of horizontal tuft sheets and the plurality of vertical tuft sheets are provided with water-absorbing layers, and the unit tufts for silkworm cocoons are formed by the horizontal tuft sheets and the vertical tuft sheets Because the surface of the horizontal tuft sheet and the vertical tuft sheet is provided with a water-absorbing layer, silkworm urine is absorbed through the water-absorbing layer, and a silkworm cocoon grid cluster is also disclosed, which includes a plurality of integrally formed mediastinum plates and a plurality of diaphragms, the mediastinums are parallel to each other and the intervals are equal, the diaphragms are parallel to each other and the intervals are equal, the mediastinums and
- a cluster is composed of horizontal baffles and vertical baffles, the frame is a square grid, the surface of the horizontal baffles is provided with a urine accumulation groove, and the vertical baffles are provided with a through-flow ventilation ditch, without other parts or structures, and the yellow spot after the silkworm goes up to the cluster
- the number of cocoons decreased significantly, and the unwinding rate increased significantly.
- the novel silkworm upper cluster tool disclosed by the present invention can be directly used as the silkworm upper cluster tool as above, and hooks, hanging rods or support bars can be set on the framework of the new silkworm upper cluster tool to form the silkworm upper cluster tool, for Common sense structure does not affect the realization of the technical effect of the present utility model.
- the method of the present invention can meet the physiological needs of silkworm cocoons, avoid excessive cocoons of cocoons such as double palace silkworms, and provide a relatively dry cocoon environment at the same time, improve the cocoon release performance, and avoid macular cocoons.
- the silkworm can be more stable in the grid cluster when cocooning, and it is not easy to slip.
- the new cluster has a firm structure, which is convenient for cocoon harvesting machines, and can be disinfected and cleaned. It can be used repeatedly and reduce production costs. It has broad application prospects. .
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
一种利用新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法，基本步骤为，熟蚕上蔟时，爬到方格簇内；熟蚕在方格簇内，排尿贮存在横挡板（1）的积尿槽（3）中；竖挡板（2）的通风沟（4）增加空气流动性，将贮存在积尿槽（3）中的蚕尿吹干；熟蚕在新型簇具中完成营茧。所述方法能够满足家蚕上蔟的生理需求，避免上蔟过密，出现双宫蚕等异常蚕茧；同时提供相对干燥的上蔟环境，提高蚕茧的解舒性能；能够避免黄斑茧的产生，同时使家蚕营茧时在方格簇内能够更加稳定，不易滑落，具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
本发明属于家蚕上蔟技术领域，具体涉及一种利用新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法。
家蚕(Bombyx mori)是重要的经济昆虫，已经被驯化饲养5700余年。家蚕是完全变态的鳞翅目昆虫，一生经过卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫。幼虫发育至5龄末期要吐丝结茧，蚕茧是重要的绢纺原料。结茧需要蔟具经过了几代的更新，上世纪八十年代是草龙（由稻草扎制），由于采用草龙在营茧时会形成大量的柴印茧，又不能消毒，不能重复使用，目前已经不再使用。上世纪九十年代采用塑料生产的折蔟，由于可以重复使用，便于消毒，曾被广泛推广应用，由于使用过程中发现双宫茧（不能缫丝）的发生率较高，影响了上茧率，逐步停止在生产上应用。
家蚕上蔟指将蚕茧收集，移放到簇具上，上蔟方法有四种：（1）人工拾取法，由人工逐条拾取适熟蚕，再将熟蚕撒放到簇上，这种方法费时费工，一般用于茧育，丝茧育熟阶段也采取人工拾取的方法，但到了盛熟即大批熟蚕出现时多数采取别的办法上蔟；（2）自然上蔟法，利用熟蚕有背地性、喜向上爬的特点，在盛熟阶段将簇具直接放置在蚕座上，让熟蚕自动爬上簇具吐丝结茧，此法效率高，但易产生在蚕座中作茧的现象，同时必须特别注意通风排湿，不然会使茧质收到影响；（3）振落上蔟法，壮蚕期采用条桑育者，可以将上层桑条取出，振落熟蚕，收集上蔟；（4）网孔收集法，盛熟时在蚕座上覆一层打孔塑料薄膜，利用熟蚕向上爬的特性，将钻孔爬到膜上的熟蚕收集起来上蔟；后两种方法在主蚕区应用不多。
目前生产上普遍采用的蔟具是方格蔟，包括纸板方格蔟和木板方格蔟，并开发了相应的自动采茧机器。在使用过程中发现，纸板方格蔟多次吸收蚕尿会导致蔟具变形，不适合采茧机采茧，人工采茧影响了采茧的效率，另外纸板方格蔟不能采用漂白粉消毒，会导致蚕病的病原传播，且黄斑茧的数量还需降低。木板方格蔟虽然不易变形，但由于木板吸水性较差，会导致黄斑茧增加；另外，木板方格蔟的生产需要砍伐大量的木材，存在生态环境问题。因此，生产上迫切需要开发新型蔟具，克服现有蔟具的弊端，满足蚕产业的高质量发展。
针对现有技术存在不足，本发明目的在于提供一种新型簇具并将其进行家蚕上蔟的方法，一方面可以有效避免黄斑茧，增加簇具通风性能，提高蚕茧的解舒性能，另一方面，能够满足家蚕上蔟的生理需求，避免出现双宫蚕等异常蚕茧，同时新型家蚕上蔟簇具结构牢固，方便采茧机采茧，能够反复使用，有效消毒。
为了有效解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种新型家蚕上蔟簇具，包括框架、积尿槽和通风沟；所述框架设有横挡板、竖挡板；所述积尿槽位于横挡板上，所述通风沟位于竖挡板上。作为常识，积尿槽不通透，能够承住尿液，通风沟通透，从而可形成气流。
一种利用上述新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法，家蚕生长至熟蚕期时，利用新型簇具进行上蔟；所述新型簇具包括框架、积尿槽和通风沟；所述框架设有横挡板、竖挡板；所述积尿槽位于横挡板上，所述通风沟位于竖挡板上。
具体的，利用上述新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法包括以下步骤：（1）熟蚕上蔟时，熟蚕爬到方格簇内；（2）熟蚕在方格簇内，排尿贮存在横挡板的积尿槽中；竖挡板的通风沟增加空气流动性，将贮存在积尿槽中的蚕尿等很快吹干；（3）熟蚕在新型簇具中完成营茧。
本发明中，所述新型簇具置于蚕座上，熟蚕爬上新型簇具进行上蔟，或者新型簇具固定（挂）于蚕座上方，熟蚕爬上新型簇具进行上蔟。固定装置位于该新型簇具的框架上，比如挂钩、支撑架等，为常识性结构。本发明以横挡板、竖挡板组成簇具，框架内为方格，横挡板表面设有积尿槽，竖挡板设有贯通通风沟，无需其他部件或结构，家蚕上蔟后黄斑茧数量下降明显，解舒率明显提升。作为常识，本发明公开的新型簇具可直接作为家蚕上蔟工具，也可以在该新型家蚕上蔟簇具的框架上设置挂钩、挂杆或者支撑杆组成家蚕上蔟工具，为常识性结构，不影响本实用新型的技术效果实现。
本发明公开了上述新型簇具在家蚕上蔟中的应用或者在减少家蚕上蔟黄斑茧和/或提升蚕茧解舒率中的应用。
上述技术方案中，横挡板与竖挡板连接形成方格簇；方格簇中，横向方格为5~20个，竖向方格为8~30个；能够满足家蚕上蔟的生理需求，避免上蔟过密，出现双宫蚕等异常蚕茧。作为常识，积尿槽不通透，能够承住尿液，通风沟通透，从而可形成气流。
上述技术方案中，所述积尿槽为1~5条，家蚕在上蔟时会将体内的排泄物排出，落入到积尿槽中，避免蚕尿滴落到下方的家蚕上，造成污染，形成黄斑茧，从而影响蚕茧的品质，积尿槽表面的开槽能够增加横挡板表面的摩擦力，使熟蚕营茧时在方格簇内能够更加稳定，不易滑落，同时能够将熟蚕的尿贮存在积尿槽中。
上述技术方案中，框架由横挡板、竖挡板组成；竖挡板上设有通风沟，所述通风沟为1~5条，通风沟能够增强空气流动性，降低上蔟簇具的湿度，同时能够将横挡板表面的积尿槽中贮存的蚕尿快速吹干，避免了黄斑茧的产生，为家蚕上蔟提供相对干燥环境，提高蚕茧的解舒性能，也便于家蚕上蔟时向上攀爬。
上述技术方案中，新型簇具采用的是塑料材料，可注塑成型，结构牢固，在家蚕上蔟完成后，能够方便采茧机采茧，而且能够采用漂白粉对新型簇具进行消毒，将病蚕遗留下的各种病原体清理干净，避免出现传染性蚕病大量发生，使蚕茧生产造成严重损伤，新型簇具还可以多次反复使用，降低了生产成本。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下好处：本发明提供了一种新型簇具并将其进行家蚕上蔟的方法，一方面可以有效避免黄斑茧，增加簇具通风性能，提高蚕茧的解舒性能，另一方面，能够满足家蚕上蔟的生理需求，避免出现双宫蚕等异常蚕茧，同时新型家蚕上蔟簇具结构牢固，方便采茧机采茧，能够反复使用，有效消毒；本发明的方法能够满足家蚕上蔟的生理需求，避免上蔟过密，出现双宫蚕等异常蚕茧；同时提供相对干燥的上蔟环境，提高蚕茧的解舒性能；尤其是，本发明能极大够避免黄斑茧的产生，同时使家蚕营茧时在方格簇内能够更加稳定，不易滑落。
图1为本发明一种新型簇具结构示意图。
图2为本发明横挡板结构示意图。
图3为本发明竖挡板结构示意图。
其中，横挡板1、竖挡板2、积尿槽3、通风沟4。
下面将结合本发明中的附图，对实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。框架由横挡板、竖挡板组成，横挡板与竖挡板连接形成方格簇，具体连接方法为现有技术，可以一体注塑成型，也可以单独制备横挡板、竖挡板后常规组装；在竖挡板上开通槽作为通风沟，在横挡板上开半槽作为积尿槽；每个方格的厚为挡板的宽度，相邻方格竖向的距离为挡板的高度，相邻方格横向的距离为挡板的长度，作为常识，横挡板、竖挡板宽度一样。本发明公开的簇具所有的部件都根据常规方法制备，具体连接方法为现有技术，比如塑料注塑制备带槽横挡板、带沟竖挡板，再常规组装得到新型簇具。家蚕生长至熟蚕以及后续采茧等都为现有技术，上蔟时，新型簇具置于蚕座上，部件的位置关系为实际应用时的具体位置关系。本发明公开的新型家蚕上蔟簇具可以与固定装置组成新型家蚕上蔟工具，固定装置位于该新型家蚕上蔟簇具的框架上，比如挂钩、支撑架等，为常识性结构。
实施例一：参见附图1-3，一种新型簇具，由横挡板1、竖挡板2组成框架并形成方格簇，横挡板上设有积尿槽3，竖挡板设有通风沟4；方格的宽为54cm，高为40cm，厚为2.8cm，总计156个方格。
利用上述新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法，包括以下步骤：（1）新型簇具置于蚕座上，熟蚕上蔟时，爬到方格内；（2）熟蚕在方格内，排尿贮存在横挡板的积尿槽中；竖挡板的通风沟增加空气流动性，将贮存在积尿槽中的蚕尿很快吹干；（3）熟蚕在方格中完成营茧。
采用家蚕品种：苏秀×春丰，为现有品种，饲养1张（25000粒），常规饲养至熟蚕时期，采用上述簇具上蔟，熟蚕上蔟后，未见两个蚕在同一个方格内，熟蚕排泄物（尿）都贮存在横挡板上的积尿槽中，竖挡板上的通风沟增加空气流动性，降低新型簇具中的湿度，将贮存在积尿槽中的蚕尿很快吹干，且家蚕营茧稳定，不易掉落。将完成营茧的方格簇内的蚕茧采用采茧机收集，抽样调查，发现1000个蚕茧中，出现12个黄斑茧，黄斑茧的发生率为1.2%，解舒率为86%；且未出现蚕茧掉落、未发现双宫茧。
对比例一：采用实施例一除积尿槽外的新型簇具，由横挡板、竖挡板组成框架并形成方格簇，竖挡板设有通风沟。
采用家蚕品种：苏秀×春丰，为现有品种，饲养1张（25000粒），常规饲养至熟蚕时期，采用上述簇具上蔟，熟蚕上蔟后，熟蚕排出的尿滴会落到其他蚕上，存在家蚕营茧不稳定而掉落的现象；将完成营茧的方格簇内的蚕茧采用采茧机收集，抽样调查，发现1000个蚕茧中，出现268个黄斑茧，黄斑茧的发生率为26.8%。
对比例二：采用实施例一除通风沟外的新型簇具，由横挡板、竖挡板组成框架并形成方格簇，横挡板上设有积尿槽。
采用家蚕品种：苏秀×春丰，为现有品种，饲养1张（25000粒），常规饲养至熟蚕时期，采用上述簇具上蔟，向上攀爬时，存在熟蚕滑落现象，通风性能较差，方格簇具中湿度较高，将完成营茧的方格簇内的蚕茧采用采茧机收集，解舒率为81%，发现双宫茧。
对照例一：家蚕品种：苏秀×春丰，为现有品种，饲养1张（25000粒），常规饲养至熟蚕时期，采用现有纸板方格上蔟，熟蚕上蔟后，熟蚕排出的尿会滴落到纸板上，纸板潮湿软化，产生变形，且纸板方格簇具中湿度较高，熟蚕间互相拥挤碰撞。
因纸板潮湿软化变形，不能采用采茧机收集蚕茧，将完成营茧的纸质方格簇内的蚕茧人工收集，人工采茧效率较低，抽样调查，发现1000个蚕茧中，出现80个黄斑茧，黄斑茧的发生率为8%，解舒率为78%。
对照例二：家蚕品种：苏秀×春丰，为现有品种，饲养1张（25000粒），常规饲养至熟蚕时期，采用现有木板方格上蔟，熟蚕上蔟后，木板方格簇吸水性较差，熟蚕排出的尿会滴落到其他蚕上，形成黄斑，且木板方格簇具中湿度较高，熟蚕间互相拥挤碰撞。
将完成营茧的纸质方格簇内的蚕茧采用采茧机收集，抽样调查，较实施例二，效果更差，发现1000个蚕茧中，出现164个黄斑茧，黄斑茧的发生率为16.4%，解舒率为67%。
实施例和对照例统计结果。
（1）
黄斑茧的发生率和解舒率：
。
（2）
消毒性能和成本统计：
。
现有技术方案中，公开了一种具有防黄斑茧功能的蚕蔟，包括多个竖向相对的横向簇片和多个横向相对的竖向簇片呈横竖交错相连设置，以形成多个沿纵向延伸的单元簇槽，且所述多个横向簇片和所述多个竖向簇片的表面设有吸水层，由所述横向簇片和所述竖向簇片形成供蚕茧的单元簇槽，因为所述横向簇片和所述竖向簇片表面设有吸水层，通过所述吸水层吸收蚕尿，还公开了一种蚕茧方格簇，其包括一体成型的多个纵膈板和多个横隔板，所述纵膈板之间相互平行且间距相等，所述横隔板之间相互平行且间距相等，所述纵膈板与横隔板相互垂直，从而形成矩阵排列的多个方格，所述纵膈板和横隔板均值绒使方格的四周均覆盖有值绒层，纵膈板和横隔板一体注塑成型；现有技术中簇具结构较为复杂，且不能满足家蚕上蔟营茧的需求，吸水层及值绒层在熟蚕营茧过程中，会对熟蚕造成影响。
本发明以横挡板、竖挡板组成簇具，框架内为方格，横挡板表面设有积尿槽，竖挡板设有贯通通风沟，无需其他部件或结构，家蚕上蔟后黄斑茧数量下降明显，解舒率明显提升。作为常识，本发明公开的新型家蚕上蔟簇具可如上直接作为家蚕上蔟工具，也可以在该新型家蚕上蔟簇具的框架上设置挂钩、挂杆或者支撑杆组成家蚕上蔟工具，为常识性结构，不影响本实用新型的技术效果实现。本发明的方法能够满足家蚕上蔟的生理需求，避免上蔟过密，出现双宫蚕等异常蚕茧；同时提供相对干燥的上蔟环境，提高蚕茧的解舒性能；能够避免黄斑茧的产生，同时使家蚕营茧时在方格簇内能够更加稳定，不易滑落，新型簇具结构牢固，便于采茧机采茧，而且能够消毒清理，多次反复使用，降低生产成本，具有广阔的应用前景。
Claims (10)
- 一种新型家蚕上蔟簇具，其特征在于：包括框架、积尿槽和通风沟；所述框架设有横挡板、竖挡板；所述积尿槽位于横挡板上，所述通风沟位于竖挡板上。
- 根据权利要求1所述新型家蚕上蔟簇具，其特征在于：所述横挡板与竖挡板连接形成方格簇；所述新型簇具为塑料簇具；所述框架由横挡板、竖挡板组成。
- 根据权利要求2所述新型家蚕上蔟簇具，其特征在于：所述方格簇中，横向方格为5~20个，竖向方格为8~30个；方格的宽为50~60cm，高为30~50cm，厚为2~5cm。
- 根据权利要求1所述新型家蚕上蔟簇具，其特征在于：所述积尿槽为1~5条；所述通风沟为1~5条。
- 一种利用权利要求1所述新型家蚕上蔟簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：家蚕生长至熟蚕期时，利用新型家蚕上蔟簇具进行上蔟。
- 根据权利要求5所述家蚕上蔟的方法，其特征在于：利用新型家蚕上蔟簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法包括以下步骤：（1） 熟蚕上蔟时，熟蚕爬到方格簇内；（2） 熟蚕在方格簇内，排泄物贮存在横挡板的积尿槽中并被吹干；（3） 熟蚕在新型簇具中完成营茧。
- 根据权利要求1所述利用新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法，其特征在于：新型簇具置于蚕座上，熟蚕爬上新型簇具进行上蔟。
- 根据权利要求1所述利用新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法，其特征在于：新型簇具挂于蚕座上方，熟蚕爬上新型簇具进行上蔟。
- 权利要求1所述新型家蚕上蔟簇具在家蚕上蔟中的应用，其特征在于：所述积尿槽为1~5条；所述通风沟为1~5条。
- 权利要求1所述新型家蚕上蔟簇具在减少家蚕上蔟黄斑茧和/或提升蚕茧解舒率中的应用，其特征在于：所述积尿槽为1~5条；所述通风沟为1~5条。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220098346.X | 2022-01-14 | ||
| CN202210044438.4A CN114375913A (zh) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-01-14 | 一种利用新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法 |
| CN202210044438.4 | 2022-01-14 | ||
| CN202220098346.XU CN216983210U (zh) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-01-14 | 一种新型家蚕上蔟簇具 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023133962A1 true WO2023133962A1 (zh) | 2023-07-20 |
Family
ID=87280020
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2022/076458 WO2023133962A1 (zh) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-02-16 | 一种利用新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2023133962A1 (zh) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2128034Y (zh) * | 1991-10-13 | 1993-03-17 | 贺广芬 | 塑料方格蔟 |
| CN2450880Y (zh) * | 2000-11-06 | 2001-10-03 | 袁国光 | 竹制格簇 |
| CN104663590A (zh) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-03 | 周文惠 | 桑蚕结茧用方格簇 |
| JP2018082665A (ja) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-05-31 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 絹糸の製造装置および絹糸の製造方法 |
| CN108271745A (zh) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-07-13 | 贵州黄平县蚕具创新研发有限公司 | 一种方格簇及节能采茧机 |
| CN209965010U (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-01-21 | 广西林胜堂蚕具有限公司 | 一种塑框木质方格簇 |
| CN213246478U (zh) * | 2020-07-28 | 2021-05-25 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广站 | 塑料方格营茧工具 |
| CN213639360U (zh) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-07-09 | 河南省农村科学技术开发中心有限责任公司 | 一种可升降养蚕木质方格簇 |
| CN215188903U (zh) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-12-17 | 林登武 | 一种养蚕结茧用旋转木质方格簇 |
-
2022
- 2022-02-16 WO PCT/CN2022/076458 patent/WO2023133962A1/zh unknown
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2128034Y (zh) * | 1991-10-13 | 1993-03-17 | 贺广芬 | 塑料方格蔟 |
| CN2450880Y (zh) * | 2000-11-06 | 2001-10-03 | 袁国光 | 竹制格簇 |
| CN104663590A (zh) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-03 | 周文惠 | 桑蚕结茧用方格簇 |
| JP2018082665A (ja) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-05-31 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 絹糸の製造装置および絹糸の製造方法 |
| CN108271745A (zh) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-07-13 | 贵州黄平县蚕具创新研发有限公司 | 一种方格簇及节能采茧机 |
| CN209965010U (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-01-21 | 广西林胜堂蚕具有限公司 | 一种塑框木质方格簇 |
| CN213639360U (zh) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-07-09 | 河南省农村科学技术开发中心有限责任公司 | 一种可升降养蚕木质方格簇 |
| CN213246478U (zh) * | 2020-07-28 | 2021-05-25 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广站 | 塑料方格营茧工具 |
| CN215188903U (zh) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-12-17 | 林登武 | 一种养蚕结茧用旋转木质方格簇 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101258843B (zh) | 多功能蚕具 | |
| CN102125002B (zh) | 一种盲椿象寄生蜂的人工饲养方法 | |
| CN105123631B (zh) | 一种基于生产平面茧的养蚕方法 | |
| CN106900597B (zh) | 一种立式双门中蜂箱及用其养殖中蜂的方法 | |
| CN103875614A (zh) | 一种可调整高度和多用途的养蚕床 | |
| CN109984093A (zh) | 一种德国小蠊饲养笼及德国小蠊饲养方法 | |
| CN112042598B (zh) | 一种饲养异色瓢虫的成套方法 | |
| CN111374095A (zh) | 一种捕食性瓢虫的培养方法 | |
| WO2023133962A1 (zh) | 一种利用新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法 | |
| CN105360075A (zh) | 家蚕饲育装置及饲育方法 | |
| CN209983360U (zh) | 一种蝙蝠蛾卵批量收集装置 | |
| CN109874757B (zh) | 一种培育中蜂种蜂的遴选方法 | |
| CN216983210U (zh) | 一种新型家蚕上蔟簇具 | |
| CN105230578B (zh) | 一种自动上蔟和快速采茧装置 | |
| CN109907005A (zh) | 工厂化生产蚜茧蜂产品的方法 | |
| CN114375913A (zh) | 一种利用新型簇具进行家蚕上蔟的方法 | |
| CN108684614B (zh) | 一种西花蓟马饲养过程中防止饲料发霉的装置及使用方法 | |
| CN108522430B (zh) | 一种普通大蓟马的室内饲养方法 | |
| CN203851634U (zh) | 多功能蚕具 | |
| US20210000093A1 (en) | Bombyx mori hatching and young silkworm rearing frame | |
| CN104705260A (zh) | 一种蚕种繁育的方法 | |
| CN2759172Y (zh) | 蚕用方格蔟具 | |
| CN213153548U (zh) | 一种草地贪蛾高龄幼虫饲养装置 | |
| CN114711198A (zh) | 一种利用小麦水培苗盘群体化饲养草地贪夜蛾的方法 | |
| CN208908905U (zh) | 一种昆虫饲养箱 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22919608 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |