WO2023130905A1 - 一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池 - Google Patents

一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池 Download PDF

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WO2023130905A1
WO2023130905A1 PCT/CN2022/138099 CN2022138099W WO2023130905A1 WO 2023130905 A1 WO2023130905 A1 WO 2023130905A1 CN 2022138099 W CN2022138099 W CN 2022138099W WO 2023130905 A1 WO2023130905 A1 WO 2023130905A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
tab
softening point
heat
battery
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PCT/CN2022/138099
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English (en)
French (fr)
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林文荣
李素丽
贺飞
裴佳佳
李俊义
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珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202210023542.5A external-priority patent/CN114497910B/zh
Application filed by 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 filed Critical 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023130905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023130905A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a tab and a battery including the tab.
  • the production process of the pouch battery involves a packaging process, that is, the aluminum-plastic packaging film and the insulating pad of the tab need to be top-sealed to achieve fusion sealing.
  • the current tabs for pouch batteries generally use single-layer, two-layer or three-layer insulating gasket tab glue with a softening point of 130°C to 170°C as the sealing material, which requires higher temperatures when making battery packages. , pressure, and longer packaging time not only increase the energy consumption of production and reduce production efficiency, but also the ear glue of this structure is easily deformed during the high-temperature sealing process, which leads to the risk of electrochemical corrosion of the battery.
  • the pouch battery when used for charging and discharging under high current, high voltage and high temperature conditions, the battery often generates a lot of heat, the battery temperature is high, the internal electrolyte is decomposed and vaporized to a high degree, the diaphragm heat shrinks severely, and the positive and negative electrodes The side reaction is intensified, resulting in severe battery swelling and deformation.
  • conventional pouch batteries still use conventional ear glue as the insulating gasket, when the above-mentioned high-current and high-voltage batteries are charged and discharged at high temperatures, the flammable gas with high pressure and heat inside the severely bulging battery cannot be discharged in time, and has been stranded in the battery. In the inner cavity, as the conditions continue to deteriorate, the battery can cause accidents such as fire, smoke or even explosion.
  • the object of the present application is to provide a tab and a battery including the tab.
  • the tab includes a metal conductor and an insulating gasket, and the insulating gasket includes a heat-seal outer layer, an outer transition layer, a core layer, an inner transition layer and an inner layer with a low softening point arranged in sequence.
  • the insulating gasket of the present application can fully guarantee the adhesion and sealing performance of the tabs and the electrolyte resistance performance, and ensure the safety performance of the battery; at the same time, it can effectively reduce the heat-sealing temperature and heat-sealing time, shorten the packaging time, and greatly reduce the production energy consumption , and improve production efficiency, and at the same time meet the safe use of batteries under high voltage, high current or direct high temperature conditions.
  • the tab includes a metal conductor and an insulating gasket, the first end of the metal conductor is a tab welding end, and the second end of the metal conductor opposite to the first end is a tab protruding terminal, a tab insulation area is formed between the tab welding end and the tab protruding end, an insulating gasket is arranged on the tab insulation area, and the insulation gasket surrounds the metal conductor for a week;
  • the insulating gasket comprises a heat-sealing outer layer, an outer transition layer, a core layer, an inner transition layer and a low-softening point inner layer arranged in sequence, and the low-softening point inner layer is arranged on the surface of a metal conductor.
  • the welding end of the tab and the protruding end of the tab may be an integrated metal conductor, or two metal conductors of the same or different materials may be connected by fastening.
  • the method may be one or more of ultrasonic welding, laser welding, arc welding or riveting.
  • the material of the protruding end of the tab can be, for example, aluminum, nickel, copper, aluminum-nickel alloy, aluminum-silver alloy, nickel-silver alloy, zinc-copper alloy, copper-silver alloy, nickel-plated copper or nickel-plated aluminum.
  • the material of the tab welding end can be, for example, aluminum, nickel, copper, aluminum-nickel alloy, aluminum-silver alloy, nickel-silver alloy, zinc-copper alloy, copper-silver alloy, nickel-plated copper or nickel-plated aluminum .
  • the protruding end of the tab is used to communicate with the outside and conduct electricity.
  • the tab welding end is welded on the current collector.
  • the thickness of the insulating gasket is 41 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, for example, 55 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, exemplarily 41 ⁇ m, 42 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 55 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m, 90 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m , 110 ⁇ m, 120 ⁇ m, 130 ⁇ m, 140 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m, 160 ⁇ m, 170 ⁇ m, 180 ⁇ m, 190 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m, 220 ⁇ m, 250 ⁇ m, 280 ⁇ m or 300 ⁇ m.
  • the heat-sealed outer layer is a layer that is in direct contact with the aluminum-plastic film during the top-sealing process of the battery, and is arranged at the farthest end of the metal conductor.
  • the thickness D1 of the heat-seal outer layer satisfies 10 ⁇ m ⁇ D1 ⁇ 150 ⁇ m, for example, the thickness D1 of the heat-seal outer layer is 10 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, 35 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m , 50 ⁇ m, 55 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m, 90 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 110 ⁇ m, 120 ⁇ m, 130 ⁇ m, 140 ⁇ m or 150 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness D2 of the outer transition layer satisfies 10 ⁇ m ⁇ D2 ⁇ 100 ⁇ m, for example, the thickness D2 of the outer transition layer is 10 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, 35 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m , 55 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m, 90 ⁇ m or 100 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness D3 of the core layer satisfies 1 ⁇ m ⁇ D3 ⁇ 50 ⁇ m, for example, the thickness D3 of the core layer is 1 ⁇ m, 2 ⁇ m, 4 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m, 8 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m , 35 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m or 50 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness D3 of the core layer satisfies Min(D2, D4)/10 ⁇ D3 ⁇ Min(D2, D4)/2, wherein the Min(D2, D4 ) refers to the minimum thickness of the thickness D2 of the outer transition layer and the thickness D4 of the inner transition layer.
  • the thickness D4 of the inner transition layer satisfies 10 ⁇ m ⁇ D4 ⁇ 100 ⁇ m, for example, the thickness D4 of the inner transition layer is 10 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, 35 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m , 55 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m, 90 ⁇ m or 100 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness D5 of the low softening point inner layer satisfies 10 ⁇ m ⁇ D5 ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, for example, the thickness D5 of the low softening point inner layer is 10 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, 35 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m , 45 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 55 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m, 70 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m, 90 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 110 ⁇ m, 120 ⁇ m, 130 ⁇ m, 140 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m, 160 ⁇ m, 170 ⁇ m, 180 ⁇ m, 190 ⁇ m or 200 ⁇ m.
  • the insulating gasket includes a five-layer structure, that is, a heat-seal outer layer, an outer transition layer, a core layer, an inner transition layer, and a low-softening point inner layer arranged in sequence.
  • the heat-sealing outer layer is a high molecular polymer layer, for example, a high molecular polymer layer with a low softening point. It can well reduce the temperature and time required for hot-melting with aluminum-plastic film top sealing, improve production efficiency and reduce production energy consumption.
  • the outer transition layer is a polymer layer compatible with both the heat-sealable outer layer and the core layer, which can improve the bonding force between the heat-sealable outer layer and the core layer.
  • the core layer is a high molecular polymer layer, for example, a high molecular polymer layer with a high softening point.
  • this layer serves as a high-temperature skeleton layer, which can maintain good stiffness and appearance , to prevent thermal deformation of the insulating gasket, reduce the side voltage of the battery to avoid the risk of short circuit of the tab or the risk of electrochemical corrosion.
  • the inner transition layer is a high molecular polymer layer compatible with both the low softening point inner layer and the core layer, which can improve the bonding force between the low softening point inner layer and the core layer .
  • the low softening point inner layer is a high molecular polymer layer, for example, a high molecular polymer layer with a low softening point and good fluidity. It can realize the separation of the insulating gasket and the metal conductor, complete the opening of the top seal, facilitate the discharge of the internal high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas, prevent the battery from catching fire, smoke, explode, etc., and can greatly improve the safety of the battery and the safety of the battery. Some routine test pass rates.
  • the high molecular polymer of the heat-sealable outer layer is, for example, selected from polyolefins with a low softening point, modified polyolefins with a low softening point, or polyolefins and modified polyolefins with a low softening point. Olefin blends.
  • the polyolefin in the polyolefin with a low softening point is selected from at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polypentene, polyvinyl chloride and the like.
  • the modified polyolefin is selected from at least one of copolymerized modified polyolefin, graft modified polyolefin, cross-linked modified polyolefin, etc.;
  • the graft modified polyolefin is selected from maleic anhydride graft modified polyolefin, acrylic acid graft modified polyolefin, methacrylic acid graft modified polyolefin, isocyanate graft modified polyolefin, zoline graft At least one of modified polyolefin, acrylamide graft modified polyolefin, etc.;
  • the copolymerized modified polyolefin is selected from styrene-olefin copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, propylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-pentene copolymer, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether -at least one of olefin copolymers, vinyl chloride-olefin copolymers, etc.; said olefins are selected from at least one of propylene, ethylene, butene, pentene, etc.;
  • the cross-linked modified polyolefin is selected from silane cross-linked modified polyolefin, acrylate cross-linked modified polyolefin, diethylene propylene peroxide cross-linked modified polyolefin, benzoic acid peroxide cross-linked modified polyolefin , at least one of peroxydicarbonate diester cross-linked modified polyolefin, tert-butyl perbenzoate cross-linked modified polyolefin, and the like.
  • the softening point of the high molecular polymer of the heat-sealable outer layer is, for example, 100°C to 150°C. Further, the high molecular polymer of the heat-sealed outer layer has a melt index of 7-12 g/10 min and a crystallinity of 30%-65%.
  • the surface tension ⁇ 1 of the heat-sealable outer layer is ⁇ 25mN/m, preferably, 25mN/m ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ 60mN/m, and the heat-sealable outer layer with the surface tension is beneficial to and The full fusion of the aluminum-plastic film package and the enhanced heat-sealing strength of the aluminum-plastic film can improve the sealing barrier.
  • the high molecular polymer of the outer transition layer is selected from, for example, propylene homopolymer, butene homopolymer, pentene homopolymer, propylene-ethylene copolymer, propylene-butene copolymer, Ethylene-butene copolymers, ethylene-pentene copolymers, propylene-pentene copolymers, olefin-vinyl chloride copolymers (such as ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymers, propylene-vinyl chloride copolymers, butene-vinyl chloride copolymers , pentene-vinyl chloride copolymer), styrene-olefin copolymer (such as styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-propylene copolymer, styrene-ethylene copolymer), thermosetting resin (such as epoxy resin,
  • the softening point of the high molecular polymer of the outer transition layer is 130°C to 200°C. Further, the high molecular polymer of the outer transition layer has a melt index of 3-10 g/10 min and a crystallinity of 35%-75%.
  • the high molecular polymer of the core layer is selected from, for example, ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, propylene-butene copolymer, propylene-pentene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, Ethylene-pentene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymer, propylene-vinyl chloride copolymer, butene-vinyl chloride copolymer, pentene-vinyl chloride copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate Diol ester, polyimide, tetrafluoroethylene homopolymer, styrene homopolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene graft copolymer, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide, thermosetting resin (such as epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyvinyl ester, polyimide
  • the polymer of the core layer has a softening point of 170°C to 250°C. Further, the high molecular polymer of the core layer has a melt index of 2-8 g/10 min and a crystallinity of 40%-75%.
  • the high molecular polymer of the inner transition layer is selected from, for example, propylene-ethylene copolymer, propylene homopolymer, butene homopolymer, pentene homopolymer, propylene-butene copolymer, Ethylene-butene copolymers, ethylene-pentene copolymers, propylene-pentene copolymers, olefin-vinyl chloride copolymers (such as ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymers, propylene-vinyl chloride copolymers, butene-vinyl chloride copolymers , pentene-vinyl chloride copolymer), styrene-olefin copolymer (such as styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-propylene copolymer, styrene-ethylene copolymer), thermosetting resin (such as epoxy resin,
  • the softening point of the high molecular polymer of the inner transition layer is 130°C to 200°C. Further, the high molecular polymer of the inner transition layer has a melt index of 3-10 g/10 min and a crystallinity of 35%-75%.
  • the high molecular polymer of the low softening point inner layer is selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, maleic anhydride graft modified polyethylene, maleic anhydride graft modified polyethylene, etc.
  • the softening point of the high molecular polymer of the low softening point inner layer is 100°C to 150°C. Further, the high molecular polymer in the low softening point inner layer has a melt index of 7-12 g/10 min and a crystallinity of 30%-65%.
  • the surface tension ⁇ 2 of the low softening point inner layer is ⁇ 25mN/m, preferably, 25mN/m ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ 60mN/m, and the low softening point inner layer of the surface tension has It is beneficial to fully fuse with metal conductors, and enhance the sealing and barrier properties of metal conductors.
  • the present application also provides a battery, which includes the above tab.
  • the present application provides a tab and a battery including the tab.
  • the tab includes a metal conductor and an insulating gasket, and the insulating gasket includes a heat-seal outer layer, an outer transition layer, a core layer, an inner transition layer and an inner layer with a low softening point arranged in sequence.
  • the tabs of this application can fully guarantee the bonding and sealing performance of the tabs and the performance of electrolyte resistance, and ensure the safety performance of the battery; at the same time, it can effectively reduce the heat-sealing temperature and heat-sealing time, shorten the packaging time, and greatly reduce production energy consumption. And improve production efficiency, but also meet the safe use of batteries under high voltage, high current or direct high temperature conditions.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tab described in a preferred solution of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the tab a-a in FIG. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating gasket described in a preferred solution of the present application.
  • the metal conductor 1 is an integrated aluminum tab with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a width of 8 mm, that is, the metal welding end 11 and the metal protruding end 12 are all aluminum metal conductors
  • the insulating gasket 2 is a five-layer structure with a total thickness of 80 ⁇ m, which are successively connected heat-sealing outer layer 21 , outer transition layer 22 , core layer 23 , inner transition layer 24 and low softening point inner layer 25 .
  • the low softening point inner layer 25 attached to the metal conductor 1 has a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, is a polymer layer of maleic anhydride grafted modified polyethylene, has a softening point of 125° C., a melt index of 10 g/10 min, and a crystallinity of 40%, the surface tension is 28mN/m; the thickness of the inner transition layer 24 is 15 ⁇ m, which is a mixed polymer layer of propylene homopolymer and polyurethane rubber, with a softening point of 145°C and a melt index of 6g/10min.
  • the thickness of the core layer 23 is 55%; the thickness of the core layer 23 is 10 ⁇ m, which is a mixed polymer layer of propylene homopolymer, ethylene homopolymer and polyurethane rubber, with a softening point of 170°C, a melt index of 6g/10min, and a crystallinity of 60 %; the thickness of the outer transition layer 22 is 15 ⁇ m, which is a mixed polymer layer of propylene homopolymer and polyurethane rubber, with a softening point of 145°C, a melt index of 6g/10min, and a crystallinity of 55%; the heat-sealed
  • the outer layer 21 has a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, is a mixed polymer layer of propylene homopolymer and ethylene homopolymer, has a softening point of 125° C., a melt index of 10 g/10 min, a crystallinity of 40%, and a surface tension of 44 mN/m.
  • the metal conductor 1 is an integrated nickel tab with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a width of 8 mm, that is, the metal welding end 11 and the metal protruding end 12 are both nickel material metal conductors
  • the insulating gasket 2 is a five-layer structure with a total thickness of 80 ⁇ m, which are successively connected heat-sealing outer layer 21 , outer transition layer 22 , core layer 23 , inner transition layer 24 and low softening point inner layer 25 .
  • the low softening point inner layer 25 attached to the metal conductor 1 has a thickness of 25 ⁇ m, is a polymer layer of acrylic acid grafted modified polyethylene, has a softening point of 105° C., a melt index of 12 g/10 min, and a crystallinity of 35 %, the surface tension is 26mN/m;
  • the thickness of the inner transition layer 24 is 10 ⁇ m, which is a mixed polymer layer of propylene homopolymer and polyurethane rubber, with a softening point of 135°C, a melt index of 8g/10min, and a crystallinity of 50%;
  • the thickness of the core layer 23 is 5 ⁇ m, which is a mixed polymer layer of propylene homopolymer, polyurethane rubber and polyethylene terephthalate, with a softening point of 175°C and a melt index of 5.0g/10min , the degree of crystallinity is 60%;
  • the thickness of the outer transition layer 22 is 10
  • the crystallinity is 55%; the thickness of the heat-sealing outer layer 21 is 30 ⁇ m, which is a mixed polymer layer of ethylene-butylene copolymer, the softening point is 130°C, the melt index is 10g/10min, and the crystallinity is 40%.
  • the surface tension is 42mN/m.
  • the metal conductor 1 is an integrated nickel tab with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a width of 8 mm, that is, the metal welding end 11 and the metal protruding end 12 are both nickel material metal conductors
  • the insulating gasket 2 is a five-layer structure with a total thickness of 150 ⁇ m, which are successively connected heat-seal outer layer 21, outer transition layer 22, core layer 23, inner transition layer 24 and low softening point inner layer 25.
  • the low softening point inner layer 25 attached to the metal conductor 1 has a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, is a mixed polymer layer of acrylic acid grafted modified polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, has a softening point of 125° C., and a melt index of 12 g/10 min. , the crystallinity is 40%, and the surface tension is 30mN/m; the thickness of the inner transition layer 24 is 20 ⁇ m, which is a mixed polymer layer of polyvinyl chloride and styrene-butadiene copolymer, and has a softening point of 160°C.
  • the index is 7g/10min, and the crystallinity is 60%; the thickness of the core layer 23 is 20 ⁇ m, which is a mixed polymer layer of polyvinyl chloride, styrene-butadiene copolymer, and polyurethane rubber, and the softening point is 210°C.
  • the melt index is 4g/10min, and the crystallinity is 70%; the thickness of the outer transition layer 22 is 10 ⁇ m, which is a mixed polymer layer of polyvinyl chloride, propylene homopolymer, and ethylene homopolymer, and has a softening point of 160°C.
  • the melt index is 6.5g/10min, and the crystallinity is 65%.
  • the thickness of the heat-sealed outer layer 21 is 50 ⁇ m, which is a mixed polymer layer of propylene homopolymer, ethylene homopolymer and polyvinyl chloride, and has a softening point of 135 °C, the melt index is 9.5g/10min, the crystallinity is 45%, and the surface tension is 46mN/m.
  • the tab of Comparative Example 3 is the same as that of Example 1, the only difference being that the insulating gasket 2 has a four-layer structure, which are successively connected outer transition layer 22, core layer 23, inner transition layer 24 and low softening point inner layer. 25.
  • the tab of Comparative Example 4 is the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that the insulating gasket 2 has a four-layer structure, which are successively connected heat-sealed outer layer 21, core layer 23, inner transition layer 24 and inner layer with low softening point. Layer 25.
  • the tab of Comparative Example 5 is the same as that of Example 1, the only difference being that the insulating gasket 2 has a four-layer structure, which are successively connected heat-sealing outer layer 21, outer transition layer 22, inner transition layer 24 and low softening point inner layer 25.
  • the tab of Comparative Example 6 is the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that the insulating gasket 2 has a four-layer structure, which are successively connected heat-sealed outer layer 21, outer transition layer 22, core layer 23 and inner layer with low softening point. Layer 25.
  • the tab of Comparative Example 7 is the same as that of Example 1, the only difference being that the insulating gasket 2 has a four-layer structure, which are successively connected heat-sealed outer layer 21, outer transition layer 22, core layer 23, and inner transition layer 24. .
  • a tab and a soft-pack lithium-ion battery containing the tab The tabs obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 are tested with reference to the following method for the resistance to electrolyte of the tabs: take each embodiment and Put 10pcs of tab samples of each comparative example into an aluminum-plastic film bag filled with electrolyte, and ensure that the electrolyte solution is completely immersed in the tab, then seal the aluminum-plastic film bag and place it in a constant temperature oven at 85°C Store for 48 hours. After the test, take out the sample bag to clean the tabs, and confirm whether there is delamination between the insulating gasket and the metal conductor, so as to confirm the bonding and sealing state of the tabs after they are resistant to the electrolyte. The specific test results are shown in the column of electrolyte resistance performance in Table 1.
  • the tab products obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 are heat-sealed with a head, and the packaging pressure and packaging time are fixed and unified, and the temperature required when the heat-sealing compression rate of the insulating gasket is 50% is tested. .
  • the specific test results are shown in the column of heat sealing temperature in Table 1.
  • the tab products obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 are heat-sealed with a head, and the packaging pressure and packaging temperature are fixed and unified, and the time required for the heat-sealing compression rate of the insulating gasket to be 50% is tested. .
  • the specific test results are shown in the column of heat sealing time in Table 1.
  • the tab products obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 are prepared into soft-pack lithium-ion batteries, and the battery includes a positive electrode sheet and an active material on its surface, a negative electrode sheet and an active material on its surface, a diaphragm, and an electrolytic battery. Liquid, aluminum-plastic composite film, tabs and other materials.
  • the test example shown is to use the same battery model, the same production line and operating machine to prepare batteries by welding, winding, packaging, baking, formation, sorting and capacity division, etc., and use a multimeter to test each group of batteries The side voltage between the negative tab and the aluminum layer of the aluminum plastic film. The specific test results are shown in the column of voltage results in Table 1.
  • the tab products obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 are prepared into soft-pack lithium-ion batteries, and the battery includes a positive electrode sheet and an active material on its surface, a negative electrode sheet and an active material on its surface, a diaphragm, and an electrolytic battery. Liquid, aluminum-plastic composite film, tabs and other materials.
  • the test example shown is to use the same battery model, the same production line and operating machine to prepare batteries by welding, winding, packaging, baking, formation, sorting and capacity division, etc., and take good products and fully charged batteries for 130 °C 1h constant temperature furnace temperature storage test, after the test, confirm the safety status of the battery and whether the position of the top sealing tab is open.
  • the specific test results are shown in the column of furnace temperature results in Table 1.
  • the tab products obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 are prepared into soft-pack lithium-ion batteries, and the battery includes a positive electrode sheet and an active material on its surface, a negative electrode sheet and an active material on its surface, a diaphragm, and an electrolytic battery. Liquid, aluminum-plastic composite film, tabs and other materials.
  • the test example shown is to use the same battery model, the same production line and operating machine to prepare batteries by welding, winding, packaging, baking, formation, sorting and capacity division, etc., and take good products and fully charged batteries for positive Short the negative tab with a 55m ⁇ resistance to simulate a short circuit test. After the test, confirm the safety of the battery and whether the top seal tab is open.
  • the specific test results are shown in the column of short-circuit results in Table 1.
  • the tabs of the present application can fully guarantee the bonding and sealing performance of the tabs and the performance of electrolyte resistance; it can be seen from the results of test examples 3 and 4 that the tabs described in this application can fully Effectively reducing the heat-sealing temperature and heat-sealing time can greatly reduce production energy consumption and improve production efficiency; from the results of Test Examples 5 and 6, the insulating gasket of the tab described in this application can improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • Example 1 From the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 4 and 6, the absence of the outer transition layer and the inner transition layer results in poor corrosion resistance (delamination) between the insulating pads, and the insulating pads cannot effectively ensure the sealing of the battery reliability;
  • Example 1 and Comparative Example 7 From the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 7, the lack of low softening point inner layer, the poor adhesion of the insulating pad and the metal conductor, the electrolyte resistance performance, and the sealing and barrier properties of the battery will become worse; in addition, the battery's Furnace temperature and short circuit cannot pass.
  • a kind of tab, manufacturing method and the Jier's lithium-ion battery has the effect of reducing the temperature of battery manufacturing and packaging, shortening the packaging time, and at the same time can meet the safe use of batteries under high voltage, high current or direct high temperature conditions.

Abstract

本申请提供了一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池。所述极耳包括金属导体和绝缘密封垫，所述绝缘密封垫包括依次相连设置的热封外层、外过渡层、芯层、内过渡层和低软化点内层。本申请的极耳能完全保证极耳的粘结密封性和耐电解液性能，保证电池的安全性能；同时还能有效降低热封温度和热封时间，缩短封装时长，大大降低生产能耗，并提高生产效率，同时还能满足电池高电压、大电流或者直接高温条件下的安全使用。

Description

一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池
本申请要求于2022年01月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210023542.5、申请名称为“一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于电池技术领域，具体涉及一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池。
背景技术
软包电池因能量密度高，续航能力长等优点，被广泛应用于各种领域，如手机、笔记本、电动汽车、电动船舶等等。软包电池的制作生产过程涉及一道封装工序，即需要将铝塑包装膜和极耳的绝缘垫进行顶封实现熔融密封。
目前的软包电池用极耳一般采用软化点为130℃～170℃的单层、两层或三层的绝缘密封垫的极耳胶作为密封材料，这使得电池封装制作时需要更高的温度、压力以及更长的封装时间，不仅增加了生产的能耗，降低了生产效率，而且该结构的极耳胶在高温封胶过程中容易变形，导致电池容易产生电化学腐蚀的风险。
此外，软包电池在大电流、高电压以及高温条件下进行充放电使用时，电池往往会产生大量热量，电池温度高，内部的电解液分解汽化程度高，隔膜热收缩严重，正负极的副反应加剧，导致电池鼓胀变形严重。由于目前常规软包电池仍采用常规的极耳胶作为绝缘密封垫，上述大电流、高电压电池在高温充放时，严重鼓胀的电池内部高压高热的可燃性气体无法及时排出，一直滞留于电池内腔中，随着条件的持续恶化，电池从而引发起火、冒烟甚至爆炸等事故。
申请内容
为了改善现有技术的不足，本申请的目的是提供一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池。所述极耳包括金属导体和绝缘密封垫，所述绝缘密封垫包括依次相连设置的热封外层、外过渡层、芯层、内过渡层和低软化点内层。本申请的绝缘 密封垫能完全保证极耳的粘结密封性和耐电解液性能，保证电池的安全性能；同时还能有效降低热封温度和热封时间，缩短封装时长，大大降低生产能耗，并提高生产效率，同时还能满足电池高电压、大电流或者直接高温条件下的安全使用。
本申请目的是通过如下技术方案实现的：
一种极耳，所述极耳包括金属导体和绝缘密封垫，所述金属导体的第一端为极耳焊接端，所述金属导体的与第一端相对的第二端为极耳探出端，所述极耳焊接端与所述极耳探出端之间形成极耳绝缘区域，在所述极耳绝缘区域上设置绝缘密封垫，所述绝缘密封垫环绕所述金属导体一周；
所述绝缘密封垫包括依次相连设置的热封外层、外过渡层、芯层、内过渡层和低软化点内层，且所述低软化点内层设置在金属导体表面。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述极耳焊接端与所述极耳探出端可以是一体式的金属导体，也可以为两种相同或不同材质的金属导体通过紧固方式进行连接，紧固方式可以为超声焊接、激光焊接、电弧焊接或铆接等方式中的一种或多种。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述极耳探出端的材质例如可以为铝、镍、铜、铝镍合金、铝银合金、镍银合金、锌铜合金、铜银合金、镀镍铜或镀镍铝。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述极耳焊接端的材质例如可以为铝、镍、铜、铝镍合金、铝银合金、镍银合金、锌铜合金、铜银合金、镀镍铜或镀镍铝。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述极耳探出端用于与外部连通导电。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述极耳焊接端焊接在集流体上。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述绝缘密封垫的厚度为41μm～300μm，例如为55μm～200μm，示例性地为41μm、42μm、45μm、50μm、55μm、60μm、65μm、70μm、80μm、90μm、100μm、110μm、120μm、130μm、140μm、150μm、160μm、170μm、180μm、190μm、200μm、220μm、250μm、280μm或300μm。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述热封外层为电池顶封过程中和铝塑膜直接接触的层，其设置在金属导体的最远端。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述热封外层的厚度D1满足10μm≤D1≤150μm，例如，所述热封外层的厚度D1为10μm、15μm、20μm、25μm、30μm、35μm、40μm、45μm、50μm、55μm、60μm、65μm、70μm、80μm、90μm、100μm、 110μm、120μm、130μm、140μm或150μm。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述外过渡层的厚度D2满足10μm≤D2≤100μm，例如，所述外过渡层的厚度D2为10μm、15μm、20μm、25μm、30μm、35μm、40μm、45μm、50μm、55μm、60μm、65μm、70μm、80μm、90μm或100μm。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述芯层的厚度D3满足1μm≤D3≤50μm，例如，所述芯层的厚度D3为1μm、2μm、4μm、5μm、8μm、10μm、15μm、20μm、25μm、30μm、35μm、40μm、45μm或50μm，示例性地，所述芯层的厚度D3满足Min(D2，D4)/10≤D3≤Min(D2，D4)/2，其中，所述Min(D2，D4)是指外过渡层的厚度D2和内过渡层的厚度D4的最小厚度。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述内过渡层的厚度D4满足10μm≤D4≤100μm，例如，所述内过渡层的厚度D4为10μm、15μm、20μm、25μm、30μm、35μm、40μm、45μm、50μm、55μm、60μm、65μm、70μm、80μm、90μm或100μm。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述低软化点内层的厚度D5满足10μm≤D5≤200μm，例如，所述低软化点内层的厚度D5为10μm、15μm、20μm、25μm、30μm、35μm、40μm、45μm、50μm、55μm、60μm、65μm、70μm、80μm、90μm、100μm、110μm、120μm、130μm、140μm、150μm、160μm、170μm、180μm、190μm或200μm。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述绝缘密封垫包括五层结构、即依次相连设置的热封外层、外过渡层、芯层、内过渡层和低软化点内层。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述热封外层为高分子聚合物层，例如为低软化点的高分子聚合物层，在电池的封装过程(即和铝塑膜进行顶封过程)，其能很好地降低和铝塑膜顶封热熔所需的温度和时间，提高生产效率和降低生产能耗。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述外过渡层为与热封外层、芯层均具有相容性的高分子聚合物层，其能够提高热封外层和芯层之间的粘结力。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述芯层为高分子聚合物层，例如为高软化点的高分子聚合物层，在电池封装过程，该层作为高温骨架层，可以保持良好的挺度和外观，防止绝缘密封垫的热变形，降低电池的边电压从而规避极耳的短路风险或者电化学腐蚀风险。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述内过渡层为与低软化点内层、芯层均具有 相容性的高分子聚合物层，可以提高低软化点内层和芯层之间的粘结力。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述低软化点内层为高分子聚合物层，例如为低软化点、流动性好的高分子聚合物层，该层在电池高温或者高压大电流充放电过程中可实现绝缘密封垫和金属导体的分离，完成顶封的开口，利于内部的高热高压可燃性气体的排出，防止电池的起火、冒烟、爆炸等，可大大提高电池的使用安全性以及电池的一些常规测试通过率。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述热封外层的高分子聚合物例如选自具有低软化点的聚烯烃、具有低软化点的改性聚烯烃或具有低软化点的聚烯烃和改性聚烯烃的共混物。
其中，所述具有低软化点的聚烯烃中的聚烯烃选自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯、聚戊烯、聚氯乙烯等中的至少一种。
其中，所述改性聚烯烃选自共聚改性聚烯烃、接枝改性聚烯烃、交联改性聚烯烃等中的至少一种；
所述接枝改性聚烯烃选自马来酸酐接枝改性聚烯烃、丙烯酸接枝改性聚烯烃、甲基丙烯酸接枝改性聚烯烃、异氰酸酯接枝改性聚烯烃、咗啉接枝改性聚烯烃、丙烯酰胺接枝改性聚烯烃等中的至少一种；
所述共聚改性聚烯烃选自苯乙烯-烯烃共聚物、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-丁烯共聚物、丙烯-丁烯共聚物、乙烯-戊烯共聚物、聚乙二醇二甲醚-烯烃共聚物、氯乙烯-烯烃共聚物等中的至少一种；所述烯烃选自丙烯、乙烯、丁烯、戊烯等中的至少一种；
所述交联改性聚烯烃选自硅烷交联改性聚烯烃、丙烯酸酯交联改性聚烯烃、过氧化二乙丙苯交联改性聚烯烃、过氧化苯甲酸交联改性聚烯烃、过氧化二碳酸二酯交联改性聚烯烃、过苯甲酸叔丁酯交联改性聚烯烃等中的至少一种。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述热封外层的高分子聚合物的软化点例如为100℃～150℃。进一步的，所述热封外层的高分子聚合物的熔融指数为7～12g/10min，结晶度为30％～65％。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述热封外层的表面张力σ 1为≥25mN/m，优选的，25mN/m≤σ 1≤60mN/m，所述表面张力的热封外层有利于和铝塑膜封装的充分熔合，以及增强和铝塑膜的热封强度以此提高密封阻隔性。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述外过渡层的高分子聚合物例如选自丙烯均聚物、丁烯均聚物、戊烯均聚物、丙烯-乙烯共聚物、丙烯-丁烯共聚物、乙烯-丁烯共聚物、乙烯-戊烯共聚物、丙烯-戊烯共聚物、烯烃-氯乙烯共聚物(例如乙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、丙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、丁烯-氯乙烯共聚物、戊烯-氯乙烯共聚物)、苯乙烯-烯烃共聚物(例如苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物、苯乙烯-丙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯共聚物)、热固性树脂(例如环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、乙烯基酯、聚酰亚胺树脂、异氰酸树脂)、聚偏氟乙烯、聚氨酯橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶、氯丁橡胶等中的至少一种。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述外过渡层的高分子聚合物的软化点为130℃～200℃。进一步的，所述外过渡层的高分子聚合物的熔融指数为3～10g/10min，结晶度为35％～75％。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述芯层的高分子聚合物例如选自乙烯均聚物、丙烯均聚物、丙烯-丁烯共聚物、丙烯-戊烯共聚物、乙烯-丁烯共聚物、乙烯-戊烯共聚物、乙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、丙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、丁烯-氯乙烯共聚物、戊烯-氯乙烯共聚物、聚氯乙烯、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚酰亚胺、四氟乙烯均聚物、苯乙烯均聚物、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯接枝共聚物、聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺、热固性树脂(例如环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、聚乙烯基酯、聚酰亚胺树脂、异氰酸树脂)、聚偏氟乙烯、苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物、聚氨酯橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶、氯丁橡胶等中的至少一种。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述芯层的高分子聚合物的软化点为170℃～250℃。进一步的，所述芯层的高分子聚合物的熔融指数为2～8g/10min，结晶度为40％～75％。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述内过渡层的高分子聚合物例如选自丙烯-乙烯共聚物、丙烯均聚物、丁烯均聚物、戊烯均聚物、丙烯-丁烯共聚物、乙烯-丁烯共聚物、乙烯-戊烯共聚物、丙烯-戊烯共聚物、烯烃-氯乙烯共聚物(例如乙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、丙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、丁烯-氯乙烯共聚物、戊烯-氯乙烯共聚物)、苯乙烯-烯烃共聚物(例如苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物、苯乙烯-丙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯共聚物)、热固性树脂(例如环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、乙烯基酯、聚酰亚胺树脂、异氰酸树脂)、聚偏氟乙烯、聚氨酯橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶、聚氯乙烯、氯丁橡胶等中的至少一种。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述内过渡层的高分子聚合物的软化点为130℃～200℃。进一步的，所述内过渡层的高分子聚合物的熔融指数为3～10g/10min，结晶度为35％～75％。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述低软化点内层的高分子聚合物例如选自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、马来酸酐接枝改性聚乙烯、马来酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯、丙烯酸接枝改性聚乙烯、丙烯酸接枝改性聚丙烯、甲基丙烯酸接枝改性聚乙烯、甲基丙烯酸接枝改性聚丙烯、异氰酸酯接枝改性聚乙烯、异氰酸酯接枝改性聚丙烯、咗啉接枝改性聚乙烯、咗啉接枝改性聚丙烯、丙烯酰胺接枝改性聚乙烯、丙烯酰胺接枝改性聚乙烯、乙烯-苯乙烯共聚聚合物、乙烯-丙烯共聚聚合物、乙烯-丁烯共聚聚合物、聚乙二醇二甲醚-聚乙烯共聚物、聚乙二醇二甲醚-聚丙烯共聚物、乙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、丙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、硅烷交联改性聚乙烯、硅烷交联改性聚丙烯、丙烯酸酯交联改性聚乙烯、丙烯酸酯交联改性聚丙烯、过氧化二乙丙苯交联改性聚乙烯、过氧化二乙丙苯交联改性聚丙烯、过氧化苯甲酸交联改性聚乙烯、过氧化苯甲酸交联改性聚丙烯、过氧化二碳酸二酯交联改性聚乙烯、过氧化二碳酸二酯交联改性聚丙烯、过苯甲酸叔丁酯交联改性聚乙烯、过苯甲酸叔丁酯交联改性聚丙烯等中的至少一种。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述低软化点内层的高分子聚合物的软化点为100℃～150℃。进一步的，所述低软化点内层的高分子聚合物的熔融指数为7～12g/10min，结晶度为30％～65％。
根据本申请的实施方式，所述低软化点内层的表面张力σ 2为≥25mN/m，优选的，25mN/m≤σ 2≤60mN/m，所述表面张力的低软化点内层有利于和金属导体的充分熔合，以及增强和金属导体的密封阻隔性。
本申请还提供一种电池，所述电池包括上述极耳。
本申请的有益效果：
本申请提供了一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池。所述极耳包括金属导体和绝缘密封垫，所述绝缘密封垫包括依次相连设置的热封外层、外过渡层、芯层、内过渡层和低软化点内层。本申请的极耳能完全保证极耳的粘结密封性和耐电解液性能，保证电池的安全性能；同时还能有效降低热封温度和热封时间，缩 短封装时长，大大降低生产能耗，并提高生产效率，同时还能满足电池高电压、大电流或者直接高温条件下的安全使用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或相关技术中的技术方案，下面对本申请实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本申请一个优选方案所述的极耳的结构示意图。
图2为图1的极耳a-a剖面结构示意图。
图3为本申请一个优选方案所述的绝缘密封垫的结构示意图。
附图标记：1-金属导体；11-金属焊接端；12-金属探出端；2-绝缘密封垫；21-热封外层；22-外过渡层；23-芯层；24-内过渡层；25-低软化点内层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法；下述实施例中所用的试剂、材料等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1
参考图1～3所示，一种极耳，所述的金属导体1为0.1mm厚、8mm宽的一体式铝极耳，即金属焊接端11和金属探出端12均为铝材质金属导体，所述绝缘密封垫2为总厚度为80μm的五层结构，分别为依次相连的热封外层21、外过渡层22、芯层23、内过渡层24和低软化点内层25。其中，贴附于金属导体1的低软化点内层25的厚度为20μm，为马来酸酐接枝改性聚乙烯的聚合物层，软化点为125℃，熔融指数为10g/10min，结晶度为40％，表面张力为28mN/m；所述内过渡层24的厚度为15μm，为丙烯均聚物和聚氨酯橡胶的混合聚合物层， 软化点为145℃，熔融指数为6g/10min，结晶度为55％；所述芯层23厚度为10μm，为丙烯均聚物、乙烯均聚物、聚氨酯橡胶的混合聚合物层，软化点为170℃，熔融指数为6g/10min，结晶度为60％；所述外过渡层22的厚度为15μm，为丙烯均聚物和聚氨酯橡胶的混合聚合物层，软化点为145℃，熔融指数为6g/10min，结晶度为55％；所述热封外层21的厚度为20μm，为丙烯均聚物和乙烯均聚物的混合聚合物层，软化点为125℃，熔融指数为10g/10min，结晶度为40％，表面张力为44mN/m。
实施例2
参考图1～3所示，一种极耳，所述的金属导体1为0.1mm厚、8mm宽的一体式镍极耳，即金属焊接端11和金属探出端12均为镍材质金属导体，所述绝缘密封垫2为总厚度为80μm的五层结构，分别为依次相连的热封外层21、外过渡层22、芯层23、内过渡层24和低软化点内层25。其中，贴附于金属导体1的低软化点内层25的厚度为25μm，为丙烯酸接枝改性聚乙烯的聚合物层，软化点为105℃，熔融指数为12g/10min，结晶度为35％，表面张力为26mN/m；所述内过渡层24的厚度为10μm，为丙烯均聚物和聚氨酯橡胶的混合聚合物层，软化点为135℃，熔融指数为8g/10min，结晶度为50％；所述芯层23的厚度为5μm，为丙烯均聚物、聚氨酯橡胶、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的混合聚合物层，软化点为175℃，熔融指数为5.0g/10min，结晶度为60％；所述外过渡层22的厚度为10μm，为聚氨酯橡胶、乙烯均聚物和丙烯均聚物的混合聚合物层，软化点为145℃，熔融指数为7g/10min，结晶度为55％；所述热封外层21的厚度为30μm，为乙烯-丁烯共聚物的混合聚合物层，软化点为130℃，熔融指数为10g/10min，结晶度为40％，表面张力为42mN/m。
实施例3
参考图1～3所示，一种极耳，所述的金属导体1为0.1mm厚、8mm宽的一体式镍极耳，即金属焊接端11和金属探出端12均为镍材质金属导体，所述绝缘密封垫2为总厚度为150μm的五层结构，分别为依次相连的热封外层21、外过渡层22、芯层23、内过渡层24和低软化点内层25。其中，贴附于金属导体1的低软化点内层25的厚度为50μm，为丙烯酸接枝改性聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯的混合聚合物层，软化点为125℃，熔融指数为12g/10min，结晶度为40％，表面张力为30mN/m；所述内过渡层24的厚度为20μm，为聚氯乙烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯共 聚物的混合聚合层，软化点为160℃，熔融指数为7g/10min，结晶度为60％；所述芯层23的厚度为20μm，为聚氯乙烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物、聚氨酯橡胶的混合聚合物层，软化点为210℃，熔融指数为4g/10min，结晶度为70％；所述外过渡层22的厚度为10μm，为聚氯乙烯、丙烯均聚物、乙烯均聚物的混合聚合物层，软化点为160℃，熔融指数为6.5g/10min，结晶度为65％；所述热封外层21的厚度为50μm，为丙烯均聚物、乙烯均聚物、聚氯乙烯的混合聚合物层，软化点为135℃，熔融指数为9.5g/10min，结晶度为45％，表面张力为46mN/m。
对比例1
选择0.1mm厚、8mm宽铝材质金属导体1和市面常用的80μm厚的凸版单层绝缘密封垫2按照常规技术进行贴合制备成极耳。
对比例2
选择0.1mm厚、8mm宽镍材质金属导体1和市面常用的80μm厚的凸版单层绝缘密封垫2按照常规技术进行贴合制备成极耳。
对比例3
对比例3的极耳同实施例1，区别仅在于，所述绝缘密封垫2为四层结构，分别为依次相连的外过渡层22、芯层23、内过渡层24和低软化点内层25。
对比例4
对比例4的极耳同实施例1，区别仅在于，所述绝缘密封垫2为四层结构，分别为依次相连的热封外层21、芯层23、内过渡层24和低软化点内层25。
对比例5
对比例5的极耳同实施例1，区别仅在于，所述绝缘密封垫2为四层结构，分别为依次相连的热封外层21、外过渡层22、内过渡层24和低软化点内层25。
对比例6
对比例6的极耳同实施例1，区别仅在于，所述绝缘密封垫2为四层结构，分别为依次相连的热封外层21、外过渡层22、芯层23和低软化点内层25。
对比例7
对比例7的极耳同实施例1，区别仅在于，所述绝缘密封垫2为四层结构，分别为依次相连的热封外层21、外过渡层22、芯层23、内过渡层24。
测试例1
一种极耳及含该极耳的软包装锂离子电池，涉及的实施例1～3以及对比例1～7所得的极耳参考以下的方法进行极耳耐电解液性能测试：取各实施例和各对比例的极耳样品10pcs装入已盛有电解液的铝塑膜袋中，并保证电解液完全浸没过极耳，随后对铝塑膜袋进行封口密封，放置于85℃的恒温烤箱中进行存储48h，测试完毕取出样品袋清洗极耳，确认绝缘密封垫和金属导体是否存在分层，以此确认极耳耐电解液后的贴合密封状态。具体测试结果如表1耐电解液性能一列所示。
测试例2
将实施例1～3及对比例1～7所得的极耳产品，采用封头进行热封，并固定统一封装压力和封装时间，测试绝缘密封垫热封压缩率为50％时所需的温度。具体测试结果如表1热封温度一列所示。
测试例3
将实施例1～3及对比例1～7所得的极耳产品，采用封头进行热封，并固定统一封装压力和封装温度，测试绝缘密封垫热封压缩率为50％时所需的时间。具体测试结果如表1热封时间一列所示。
测试例4
将实施例1～3及对比例1～7所得的极耳产品，分别和同一规格铝塑膜进行热封，确保热封的压缩率50％下进行硬封头热封，并测试热封后极耳和铝塑膜的热封强度。具体测试结果如表1热封强度一列所示。
测试例5
将实施例1～3及对比例1～7所得的极耳产品，制备成软包装锂离子电池，所述电池包括正极片及其表面的活性物质、负极片及其表面的活性物质、隔膜、电解液、铝塑复合膜、极耳等材料。所示测试例为采用同一电池型号、同一生产流水线和作业机台进行焊接制片、卷绕、封装、烘烤、化成、分选分容等工序制备成电池，并采用万用表测试各组别电池负极耳和铝塑膜铝层之间的边电压。具体测试结果如表1边电压结果一列所示。
测试例6
将实施例1～3及对比例1～7所得的极耳产品，制备成软包装锂离子电池，所述电池包括正极片及其表面的活性物质、负极片及其表面的活性物质、隔膜、电解液、铝塑复合膜、极耳等材料。所示测试例为采用同一电池型号、 同一生产流水线和作业机台进行焊接制片、卷绕、封装、烘烤、化成、分选分容等工序制备成电池，并取良品满电电池进行130℃1h的恒温炉温存储测试，测试完毕后确认电池的安全状况以及顶封极耳位置是否开口的情况。具体测试结果如表1炉温结果一列所示。
测试例7
将实施例1～3及对比例1～7所得的极耳产品，制备成软包装锂离子电池，所述电池包括正极片及其表面的活性物质、负极片及其表面的活性物质、隔膜、电解液、铝塑复合膜、极耳等材料。所示测试例为采用同一电池型号、同一生产流水线和作业机台进行焊接制片、卷绕、封装、烘烤、化成、分选分容等工序制备成电池，并取良品满电电池进行正负极耳短接一个55mΩ的电阻模拟短路测试，测试完毕后确认电池的安全状况以及顶封极耳位置是否开口的情况。具体测试结果如表1短路结果一列所示。
表1各实施例和对比例的测试结果
Figure PCTCN2022138099-appb-000001
由测试例1和2结果可以看出，本申请的极耳能完全保证极耳的粘结密封性和耐电解液性能；由测试例3和4结果可以看出，本申请所述极耳能有效降低热封温度和热封时间，可以大大降低生产能耗，并提高生产效率；由测试例5和6结果来看，本申请所述极耳的绝缘密封垫可以提高电池的安全性能。
由实施例1和对比例3的测试结果来看，热封外层的缺失会大大提高顶封温度和生产时间，大大提高生产能耗和降低生产效率；
由实施例1和对比例4、6的测试结果来看，外过渡层和内过渡层的缺失，绝缘垫之间会存在耐腐蚀差(分层)的结果，绝缘垫无法有效保证电池的密封可靠性；
由实施例1和对比例5的测试结果来看，芯层的缺失，电池的顶封外观性差，电池的边电压变高，存在电池电化学腐蚀的风险；
由实施例1和对比例7的测试结果来看，低软化点内层的缺失，绝缘垫和金属导体的粘附性差，耐电解液性能，电池的密封阻隔性会变差；此外，电池的炉温和短路无法通过。
本申请与现有技术相比具有明显的优点和有益效果，具体而言，由上述各技术方案的结果和对比例的结果对比可知：本申请所述的一种极耳、制造方法及含该极耳的锂离子电池具有降低电池制作封装温度，缩短封装时长的效果，同时能满足电池高电压、大电流或者直接高温条件下的安全使用。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用相关的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其它实施例的不同之处。以上仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均包含在本申请的保护范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种极耳，其中，所述极耳包括金属导体和绝缘密封垫，所述金属导体的第一端为极耳焊接端，所述金属导体的与第一端相对的第二端为极耳探出端，所述极耳焊接端与所述极耳探出端之间形成极耳绝缘区域，在所述极耳绝缘区域上设置绝缘密封垫，所述绝缘密封垫环绕所述金属导体一周；
    所述绝缘密封垫包括依次相连设置的热封外层、外过渡层、芯层、内过渡层和低软化点内层，且所述低软化点内层设置在金属导体表面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的极耳，其中，所述绝缘密封垫的厚度为41μm～300μm。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的极耳，其中，所述绝缘密封垫的厚度为55μm～200μm。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的极耳，其中，所述热封外层的厚度D1满足10μm≤D1≤150μm；
    和/或，所述外过渡层的厚度D2满足10μm≤D2≤100μm；
    和/或，所述芯层的厚度D3满足1μm≤D3≤50μm；
    和/或，所述内过渡层的厚度D4满足10μm≤D4≤100μm；
    和/或，所述低软化点内层的厚度D5满足10μm≤D5≤200μm。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的极耳，其中，Min(D2，D4)/10≤D3≤Min(D2，D4)/2。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的极耳，其中，所述热封外层的高分子聚合物的软化点为100℃～150℃；
    和/或，所述热封外层的高分子聚合物的熔融指数为7～12g/10min；
    和/或，所述热封外层的高分子聚合物的结晶度为30％～65％。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的极耳，其中，所述热封外层的表面张力σ1为≥25mN/m；
    和/或，所述低软化点内层的表面张力σ2为≥25mN/m。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的极耳，其中，所述热封外层的表面张力σ1满足：25mN/m≤σ 1≤60mN/m；
    和/或，所述低软化点内层的表面张力σ2满足：25mN/m≤σ 2≤60mN/m。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的极耳，其中，所述外过渡层的高分子聚 合物的软化点为130℃～200℃；
    和/或，所述外过渡层的高分子聚合物的熔融指数为3～10g/10min；
    和/或，所述外过渡层的高分子聚合物的结晶度为35％～75％。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的极耳，其中，所述芯层的高分子聚合物的软化点为170℃～250℃；
    和/或，所述芯层的高分子聚合物的熔融指数为2～8g/10min；
    和/或，所述芯层的高分子聚合物的结晶度为40％～75％。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的极耳，其中，所述内过渡层的高分子聚合物的软化点为130℃～200℃；
    和/或，所述内过渡层的高分子聚合物的熔融指数为3～10g/10min；
    和/或，所述内过渡层的高分子聚合物的结晶度为35％～75％。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的极耳，其中，所述低软化点内层的高分子聚合物的软化点为100℃～150℃；
    和/或，所述低软化点内层的高分子聚合物的熔融指数为7～12g/10min；
    和/或，所述低软化点内层的高分子聚合物的结晶度为30％～65％。
  13. 一种电池，其中，所述电池包括如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的极耳。
PCT/CN2022/138099 2022-01-10 2022-12-09 一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池 WO2023130905A1 (zh)

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CN201946671U (zh) * 2011-02-23 2011-08-24 珠海市赛日包装材料有限公司 一种锂电池用低温热封型极耳
CN109560221A (zh) * 2018-12-03 2019-04-02 桑顿新能源科技有限公司 提高软包电池铝塑膜封装可靠性的方法
CN210926140U (zh) * 2019-11-25 2020-07-03 惠州锂威新能源科技有限公司 一种高安全性锂离子电池
CN114497910A (zh) * 2022-01-10 2022-05-13 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池

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CN201946671U (zh) * 2011-02-23 2011-08-24 珠海市赛日包装材料有限公司 一种锂电池用低温热封型极耳
CN109560221A (zh) * 2018-12-03 2019-04-02 桑顿新能源科技有限公司 提高软包电池铝塑膜封装可靠性的方法
CN210926140U (zh) * 2019-11-25 2020-07-03 惠州锂威新能源科技有限公司 一种高安全性锂离子电池
CN114497910A (zh) * 2022-01-10 2022-05-13 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 一种极耳及包括所述极耳的电池

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