WO2023127215A1 - 空調給気可能な二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置 - Google Patents
空調給気可能な二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023127215A1 WO2023127215A1 PCT/JP2022/036262 JP2022036262W WO2023127215A1 WO 2023127215 A1 WO2023127215 A1 WO 2023127215A1 JP 2022036262 W JP2022036262 W JP 2022036262W WO 2023127215 A1 WO2023127215 A1 WO 2023127215A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- carbon dioxide
- gas
- zone
- dioxide gas
- rotor
- Prior art date
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 470
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 235
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 233
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 152
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 105
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001821 foam rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 405
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 65
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 58
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 55
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 29
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 28
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 6
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001507939 Cormus domestica Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005994 diacetyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011981 development test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004792 oxidative damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/02—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath
- B01D47/022—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath by using a liquid curtain
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1412—Controlling the absorption process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
- B01D2253/108—Zeolites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/06—Polluted air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
- B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
- B01D2259/4508—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for cleaning air in buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
Definitions
- the present invention is a wet thermal swing method that can recover with a high recovery rate, can be concentrated to a high concentration, has high durability, can use exhaust heat of around 100 ° C., consumes less energy, is inexpensive and can be easily made compact. It relates to a carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration device and/or an air conditioner.
- the present invention relates to a technology that can separate and concentrate carbon dioxide gas to a high concentration not only from gases emitted from thermal power plants and combustion furnaces, but also from the atmosphere and conditioned air. It is not installed adjacent to a facility that emits a large amount of carbon dioxide gas, but it is adjacent to a place where recovered carbon dioxide gas is recovered or used, or it is related to carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration technology that can be easily made compact for portability. It is.
- Thermal power plants that use fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas are the most common, and there are also those that incinerate waste generated by cities to generate power. Such thermal power plants are characterized by their low fuel cost, their technological history and achievements, and their ability to stably supply power. However, thermal power plants emit carbon dioxide gas and have the problem of accelerating global warming.
- the carbon dioxide gas in the exhaust gas is separated, collected and concentrated, and the collected carbon dioxide gas is stored underground or in the deep sea, or it is used for enhanced crude oil recovery (CO2 - EOR), and various other reuses.
- CO2 - EOR enhanced crude oil recovery
- Methods are being researched and developed.
- As means for separating, collecting and concentrating the carbon dioxide gas various methods such as a cryogenic method, an absorption method, an adsorption method, and a membrane separation method have been proposed.
- the cryogenic method pressurizes the source gas and uses the difference in liquefaction temperature of each gas under pressure to liquefy and separate carbon dioxide gas. Electric power for the compressor that compresses the gas and electric power for the refrigerator that cools it down is required. Since it must be compressed and deep-cooled, it has the disadvantage of excessive energy consumption.
- the absorption method is a method in which carbon dioxide gas is absorbed by an amine-based alkaline liquid such as monoethanolamine, recovered, and heated to desorb and concentrate carbon dioxide gas.
- Handling liquids requires expensive corrosion-resistant materials, resulting in high costs.
- concentration of the amine aqueous solution is around 30%, and around 70% is water, and the heat capacity of the liquid to be handled is enormous. ing.
- the adsorption method uses gas adsorbents such as zeolite and activated carbon.
- gas adsorbents such as zeolite and activated carbon.
- the PSA method uses the principle that the amount of carbon dioxide gas adsorbed changes depending on the pressure. It pressurizes to adsorb only carbon dioxide gas, and decompresses to desorb and recover carbon dioxide gas. There is a problem that it is difficult to increase the size because precision machines such as solenoid valves, compressors, and vacuum pumps are required as equipment.
- Patent Document 4 Concentration of carbon dioxide gas has also been studied, and Patent Document 4 is disclosed for separating and concentrating carbon dioxide gas from combustion exhaust gas, and Patent Document 5 is also disclosed for separating and concentrating carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a technology for desorption and concentration using superheated steam in a moving bed system of granular adsorbent instead of a honeycomb rotor, but there are many problems such as recovery cost.
- the present inventor has been researching and developing Patent Documents 7, 8, 9, and 10 that use saturated steam for regeneration and desorption as a new technology, but there are still carbon dioxide gas recovery efficiency, concentration concentration, cost reduction, and energy saving. There are many issues for practical application.
- DAC Patent Documents 11, 12, 13 technology for directly separating and collecting carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere
- Advantages of DACs are: (1) they can target dispersed and moving sources of emissions, such as automobiles and aircraft; (2) Carbon dioxide gas emitted in the past can also be targeted. (3) Carbon dioxide raw materials can be obtained in the vicinity of the factory where the recovery equipment is installed without being restricted by the emission source. There are examples of large-scale demonstration tests being conducted in Europe and the United States due to such characteristics.
- the present invention relates to a method for separating and concentrating carbon dioxide gas not only from exhaust gas from power plants, but also from outside air and conditioned air.
- a wet TSA carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus which is low in cost, has high durability, can utilize exhaust heat of about 100° C., and has high thermal efficiency.
- Adsorption and absorption phenomena are different but similar phenomena, and the term sorption is sometimes used when both elements are present.
- the ion-exchange resin considered for carbon dioxide gas recovery is of a gel type, there are pores filled with water due to water absorption, and the pores diffuse into the fixed amine groups on the inner surface of the pores. It is believed that carbon adsorbs, similar to the adsorption removal of organic matter by activated carbon in water.
- treatment/regeneration for the adsorbent
- sorption/desorption the difference is whether the sorption material is the main or the gas is the main, and they mean the same operation phenomenologically. It is. Both expressions are used either to follow the cited literature or to clarify the situation at the time.
- Patent document 4 discloses a method for concentrating and recovering carbon dioxide gas from flue gas or the like by a conventional dry TSA method using a zeolite honeycomb rotor capable of adsorbing carbon dioxide. It is an improved version of the flow that This flow was devised and invented for the purpose of cooling the rotor, removing the heat of adsorption, pursuing energy saving, and improving the recovery rate and recovery concentration in the TSA rotor concentration method.
- Patent Document 5 The technology disclosed in Patent Document 5 has been researched and developed for the purpose of increasing the energy efficiency of air conditioning by separating and removing carbon dioxide gas from conditioned air and the atmosphere, and increasing the energy efficiency of air conditioning.
- concentration of the removed carbon dioxide gas is around 1000ppm, and a large amount of regeneration air with the same air volume as the processing air is required, resulting in a large rotor, and the installation space and cost of large supply/exhaust ducts for regeneration were issues.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a method for recovering high-concentration carbon dioxide gas by sorbing carbon dioxide gas from the exhaust gas of a furnace using spherical silica gel impregnated with amine by a moving bed method, and regenerating and desorbing it with superheated steam. ing.
- the wet TSA method is difficult in a packed bed, moving bed, or fluidized bed of spherical silica gel. This is because the condensed water clogs the flow path or drifts, or the surface tension of the condensed water causes problems due to adhesion and coalescence of particles.
- the depth becomes a thermodynamic burden.
- the deep part where absorption and desorption are slow behaves as a sensible heat storage medium, and the adsorbed water in the deep part is added to the sensible heat storage.
- the deep portion of the slow-reacting spherical silica gel accumulates heat during desorption heating, delaying the rise of desorption, producing excessive and harmful condensed water, and becomes a heat load during sorption, delaying the start of sorption.
- Patent Document 6 a drying process must be added after the desorption process in order to treat the excess condensed water due to the collapse of the balance between condensation and evaporation. Although the method of doing is proposed, it becomes a countermeasure against energy saving.
- the sorbent used in the wet TSA method of the present invention is a sheet supporting 0.1 mm or less amine-based ion exchange resin fine particles disclosed in Patent Document 7 or a polymer sheet having a carbon dioxide sorption function with a thickness of 1 mm or less.
- Patent Document 10 discloses a method of using an sorbent body in which sheets in which granular sorbents are dispersedly supported are laminated instead of a honeycomb structure. It is free from adverse effects such as coalescence of particles due to surface tension of condensed water and channel clogging due to capillary force. In none of the patents 7, 8, 9 and 10 the behavior of condensed water is to migrate out of the surface of the particles or honeycombs.
- the wet TSA method uses saturated steam at 100 ° C or less instead of superheated steam for desorption of carbon dioxide gas, and not only can the carbon dioxide gas be concentrated and recovered at a high concentration by the heat of condensation of the saturated steam, but also condensed from water vapor during desorption.
- the desorbed moisture remains on the inner surface of the honeycomb and sorbs carbon dioxide gas while being evaporatively cooled in the treatment zone.
- the sorption performance of carbon dioxide gas is dramatically improved compared to the dry TSA method.
- the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 7, 8, 9, and 10 are insufficient in terms of recovery rate, recovery concentration, energy conservation, and cost reduction, and problems remain.
- Patent Document 11 before moving to the desorption step after carbon dioxide sorption, the pressure is reduced to 20 to 400 mb to reduce the oxygen concentration to avoid oxidative deterioration of the amine-functionalized sorbent material, and to recover carbon dioxide gas.
- Techniques for increasing the purity of recovered carbon dioxide gas by preventing gas contamination, such as air, and a method for pre-purging the sorbent chamber with an inert gas to remove oxygen-containing gases prior to the desorption operation are also disclosed.
- gas contamination such as air
- inert gas to remove oxygen-containing gases prior to the desorption operation
- Patent Document 12 before shifting from the sorption process to the desorption process, purging with an inert gas to remove oxygen from the desorption path. Also disclosed is a method of cooling the sorbent structure with an inert gas prior to returning to the sorption process to avoid oxidative damage to the sorbent.
- the cost of the inert gas and the initial cost of the purging device are problems, and it is necessary to consider the decrease in the carbon dioxide concentration due to the contamination of the purge gas.
- Patent Document 13 discloses a rotary sorption concentrator, which has a sealable regeneration box, reduces the pressure by using an exhaust pump or the like, cools the system, and reduces the oxygen concentration to prevent thermal and oxidative deterioration. It is however, the method of depressurizing with an exhaust pump involves the initial and running costs of the exhaust pump, as well as the cost of a regeneration box that requires pressure resistance and the difficulty of ensuring sealing performance.
- Patent Document 9 describes a wet TSA method in which a gas circulation path communicating between an inlet and an outlet of a desorption zone is configured, and a mixed gas of carbon dioxide gas and water vapor emitted from the desorption zone is circulated while supplying saturated steam. discloses a method. As a result, the oxygen concentration in the desorption path is reduced, the thermal/oxidative deterioration of the carbon dioxide sorbent is prevented, and the durability is improved. However, although this method produced a certain effect, the principle of desorption is to use a heated mixed gas of carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. We found that there is a limit to the carbon gas recovery rate and recovery concentration, and thought that a further breakthrough in wet TSA carbon dioxide gas separation, recovery and concentration technology using saturated steam was necessary.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a flow of a rotor-rotating energy-saving ultra-low dew point dehumidifier. It is divided into a second adsorption zone, a first adsorption zone, a second regeneration zone, a first regeneration zone, and a pre-cooling purge zone in order of the rotation direction of the rotor. Process air is dehumidified as it passes through the honeycombs of the first adsorption zone. Since the treated air after dehumidification rises in temperature due to the heat of adsorption, it is cooled and then further dehumidified to an ultra-low dew point in the second adsorption zone before being supplied.
- part of the exit air of the second adsorption zone is introduced into the precooling purge zone, and the honeycomb immediately after regeneration is cooled while being purged with ultra-low dew point air, and the honeycomb rotates to the second adsorption zone. Since the purge outlet air has been heated by recovering the heat of the honeycomb, it is further heated by the regeneration air heater and passed through the honeycomb in the first regeneration zone for regeneration. Since the air that has passed through the first regeneration zone is still at a regenerably low dew point and high temperature, it is reheated and regenerated through the honeycomb of the second regeneration zone.
- Patent Document 2 What is disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a flow for concentrating a gas with a dilute concentration, which includes an adsorption zone, a first desorption zone, a concentration zone, and a second desorption zone in order of the rotation direction of the rotor. Heated air obtained by heating a part of the processing gas with an air heater is introduced into the first desorption zone and the second desorption zone. In the first desorption zone, the gas adsorbed in the adsorption zone is concentrated and desorbed. The primary enriched gas exiting the first desorption zone is introduced into the enrichment zone and re-adsorbed. Further, the honeycomb is rotationally moved to the second desorption zone, and is highly concentrated and recovered by introduction of the desorption air described above. This method is limited to the assumption of ten-odd to twenty-odd times concentration, and it is not possible to increase the concentration any higher.
- Patent Document 3 is also a flow for concentrating a dilute gas as much as possible, and has an adsorption zone, a first desorption zone, a second desorption zone, a third desorption zone, and a purge zone in the rotation direction of the rotor.
- a part of the processing gas is passed through the purge zone to cool the rotor, while the purged passing air is heat-recovered and heated, and further heated by passing through the heater to the first desorption zone, the second desorption zone and the third desorption zone. Introduced and detached.
- the first desorption zone outlet gas with low concentration in the initial stage of desorption and the third desorption zone outlet gas with low concentration just before the end of desorption are returned to the treatment inlet side and mixed to increase the adsorption concentration.
- Patent Literatures 2 and 3 are flows for concentrating VOC gas having a dilute concentration to a concentration as high as possible, ten-odd to twenty-odd times.
- Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 are all dry TSA methods, and from the outside air with a carbon dioxide concentration of several hundred ppm aimed at by the present invention, or from the combustion exhaust gas with a concentration of around 10%, a high concentration of 50% to 100%. It is theoretically impossible to concentrate and recover.
- a method for separating and recovering from a concentration of several hundred ppm and concentrating to a high concentration of several tens of percent or more by the rotating rotor type TSA method As described above, in the knowledge of the prior patents that have been filed so far, there has been no proposal of a method for separating and recovering from a concentration of several hundred ppm and concentrating to a high concentration of several tens of percent or more by the rotating rotor type TSA method.
- heat resistance is required, it is insulated with a glass fiber heat insulating material, etc., and if it is for the purpose of preventing condensation, it is insulated with a foamed styrene heat insulating plate, etc. As described above, the number of man-hours is large and a cost increase cannot be avoided.
- a heat insulating board made by sandwiching a foamed styrene plate between two steel plates is used to assemble a box-shaped board via a molded aluminum frame, and a rotor, a blower, and other equipment are installed inside for heat insulation.
- Patent Literature 14 relates to heat insulation and cost reduction of a heat exchange ventilator.
- Heat exchange element structure with built-in heat exchange element and integrally molded with styrene foam
- exhaust fan side structure with built-in exhaust fan and integrally molded with styrene foam
- upply fan with built-in air supply fan and integrally molded with styrene foam
- This technology aims to reduce the noise and cost of heat exchange ventilation fans for home use. It is not suitable for a small-volume production system that corresponds to the design of the equipment scale. In addition, since it is a static total heat exchanger ventilation system, it can be handled with such materials and structures.
- the carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus by the wet TSA method which is the object of the present invention, requires high heat insulation and heat resistance, has a sliding seal part for the rotating rotor, a complicated purge and flow path, and is saturated steam. Since it is used, there is a different dimension of difficulty.
- the rotor is housed and rotated in a sealed casing, and in the process gas zone, the rotor is brought into contact with air or a mixed gas containing carbon dioxide gas in a wet state to evaporate and cool while sorbing the carbon dioxide gas and saturating the desorption zone.
- It is a carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration device and/or an air conditioner that introduces steam, desorbs high-concentration carbon dioxide gas by the heat of condensation of the steam, and recovers it through a recovery zone.
- the present invention is different in that the desorption outlet gas desorbed with the desorption gas (saturated vapor) having the highest energy is passed through the recovery zone to recover heat, cool, dehumidify, and recover. That is, saturated steam close to 100° C. is introduced into the desorption zone to desorb carbon dioxide gas from the honeycomb, and the mixed gas of carbon dioxide gas and saturated steam at the outlet is introduced through the recovery zone on the upstream side in the rotation direction to pass the carbon dioxide gas. is a method of recovering
- a rotor capable of sorbing carbon dioxide gas is housed and rotated in a sealed casing having, at least in rotational order, a process gas zone, a process gas purge zone, a recovery zone, a desorption zone, and a desorption gas purge zone.
- a carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration device and/or an air conditioner that introduces saturated steam into a desorption zone, desorbs high-concentration carbon dioxide gas by condensation heat of the steam, and recovers the carbon dioxide gas through a recovery zone.
- the circulating purge gas is circulated by a pump.
- Carbon dioxide gas separation, concentration and recovery alone is not viable as a business. Therefore, we devised a method to combine the recovery of carbon dioxide gas with the effective use of air with a low concentration of carbon dioxide gas after treatment.
- the mixed gas containing carbon dioxide is the atmosphere or conditioned air, the carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration device and/or the air conditioner that supplies the air that has left the processing gas zone for air conditioning and recovers the carbon dioxide gas that has left the recovery zone It is a device.
- the energy-saving effect of air-conditioning and ventilation, and the effect of increasing the amount of carbon dioxide gas recovered per amount of air to be processed, can be expected because air-conditioned air has a higher concentration of carbon dioxide gas than the atmosphere.
- Conventional air processing equipment such as dehumidifiers and VOC concentrators are assembled by painting canned products assembled by welding sheet metal products, installing blowers, rotors and sealing devices, heaters, internal ducts and other components. It is produced with heat insulation and electrical wiring at key points. Insufficient heat insulation results in poor performance, energy loss, and dew condensation.
- the wet TSA separation and concentration method requires a higher level of heat insulation than conventional products. This is because saturated steam at nearly 100° C. has an enthalpy several hundred times that of air or carbon dioxide gas at the same temperature. Saturated water vapor at 100° C. is 100% water vapor, but the lower the temperature, the higher the mixing ratio of gases other than water vapor. For this reason, we thought that bringing the saturated steam temperature as close to 100°C as possible is an essential condition for heat/oxidative deterioration countermeasures and high-concentration recovery.
- the wet TSA method carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus of the present invention has a complex zone as described above, and has advanced heat insulation, moisture resistance, and moisture resistance to prevent condensation condensation and heat loss of steam in unnecessary places. Heat resistance is required, and since there is a large concentration difference between the raw material gas and the recovered gas, high sealing performance is required.
- Module board laminated unit structure is to process the installation space of the component equipment and the gas flow path on multiple foam boards, assemble the component equipment such as the rotor and the drive device, and laminate the module plates to assemble the dioxide. It is completed as a carbon gas separation and concentration device and/or an air conditioner.
- a "rotor cassette module plate” in which a drive system consisting of a honeycomb rotor having a carbon dioxide gas sorption function, a drive motor and a drive belt is incorporated in a foam plate, and a rotor shaft holding and rotor end faces A “rotor end surface” in which a “laminated structure purge/recovery block” composed of a plurality of heat-resistant foamed rubber plates, etc., having spaces and communication passages for attachment, detachment, recovery, and purge passages is incorporated into the foam plate that slides on the support seal. It is a carbon dioxide gas separating and concentrating device and/or an air conditioner in which the front and rear of the "module plate” and the "blowing system module plate” incorporating the process gas blower are laminated and integrated.
- the “laminated structure purge/collection block” which constitutes the recovery, desorption, purge, etc. zones. Also required are durability, heat resistance, and water resistance.
- the “laminated structure purge/recovery block” is a laminated structure of fan-shaped sheets with or without at least zones for desorption, recovery, and purge. A moving sheet, a foam rubber sheet layer below it, a foam rubber sheet layer or a foam plate layer with communication paths between zones below it, and a heat insulating plate with no zone space on the bottom are laminated and bonded.
- a "laminated structure purge/recovery block” having a steam introduction part and a desorption gas recovery part provided on the outer peripheral part or the bottom surface is constructed.
- the bottom heat insulating plate can be made of either foamed rubber or resin-based foamed plate.
- the "laminated structure purge/recovery block” configured as described above is incorporated into the "rotor end face module plate”.
- the newly invented flow has a process gas zone, a recovery zone, and a desorption zone in the order of the rotation direction of the rotor.
- the carbon dioxide gas sorbed on the honeycomb is desorbed by the heat of condensation of water vapor, and the gas is introduced and passed through a recovery zone upstream in the rotation direction to recover the carbon dioxide gas.
- the air brought into the recovery zone by the rotation of the rotor is purged and recovered, and combined with the effect of preventing oxygen from entering the desorption zone, which has the highest temperature, oxidative deterioration of the sorbent is suppressed, and saturated steam near 100 ° C is generated.
- the energy saving effect of preheating and recovering heat from the honeycomb before desorption and the effect of lowering the gas temperature and steam content from the recovered gas side contributes to the cooling load for separating carbon dioxide gas and water vapor after recovery. can also be reduced.
- the effect of solving the problem 3 of the conventional technology "module board laminated unit structure” is to select a foam board made of a material that matches the required characteristics of the required place, extract the required place, incorporate the component parts into a module, and create each module board. Since the entire device is integrated by stacking, there is no need for can manufacturing, leak-proof sealing of welded parts, or anti-corrosion coating. can also be handled, and significant cost reduction is possible.
- a “laminated structure purge/recovery block” for the desorption, recovery, and purge functions it has high precision, low friction sliding property, sealing effect, and good follow-up performance, even though it has multiple complex zones, and does not require complicated adjustments. , heat resistance, heat insulation and durability can be secured, and costs can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a basic flow diagram of a carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus and/or an air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a basic flow diagram of a carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus and/or an air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- 4 is a diagram for explaining the mixture rate of gases other than steam depending on the temperature of saturated steam.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded photograph before assembly of a carbon dioxide gas separation and concentrator and/or a foam module plate lamination unit of an air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a basic flow diagram of a carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus and/or an air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a basic flow diagram of a carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus and/or an air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a part view of the second embodiment of the carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration device and/or the “laminated purge/recovery block” of the air conditioner of the present invention before assembly.
- Fig. 3 is a view after assembly of the carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus and/or the "laminated purge/recovery block" of the air conditioner according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a photograph of a carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus and/or a "laminated purge/recovery block" of an air conditioner according to a second embodiment of the present invention being incorporated into a rotor end face module plate.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a middle-sized scale-up of the carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus and/or the air conditioner of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a conceptual diagram of a large-sized carbon dioxide separation, recovery and concentration facility in which middle-sized carbon dioxide gas separation and concentrators and/or air conditioners of a second embodiment according to the present invention are collectively arranged.
- 1] is a diagram for explaining the outline of a dry TSA method experiment of Comparative Example 1. [FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a time change graph of carbon dioxide gas recovery concentration and recovery rate at the start-up of the experimental apparatus of Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 4 is a graph of the temperatures at the rotor inlet and outlet of the desorption-side circulation path and the temperature rise ⁇ T of the process air in Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. is a graph showing the influence of the treatment flow rate: desorption side circulation flow rate ratio of Comparative Example 2; is a graph showing an attempt to improve performance by increasing the steam input in Comparative Example 2; 10 is a distribution graph of the treated gas outlet temperature for each rotor rotation angle in Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 4 is a time change graph of carbon dioxide gas recovery concentration and recovery rate at the start-up of the experimental apparatus of Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 4 is a graph of the temperatures at the rotor inlet and outlet of the desorption-side circulation path and the temperature rise ⁇ T of the process air in Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. is a graph showing the influence of the treatment flow rate: desorption side circulation flow rate
- FIG. 10 is a graph of carbon dioxide recovery rate at the treated gas outlet by rotor rotation angle in Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. is a photograph of the portable prototype prototype tester No. 1 of Comparative Example 3.
- FIG. is a photograph showing the "rotor cassette module plate” by removing the "rotor end surface module plate” on the near side of the portable prototype test machine No. 2 of the second embodiment example 2; 10 is a graph of recovery rate and recovery concentration after startup of the test apparatus in Example 2 of the second embodiment.
- Example 10 is a graph of changes in carbon dioxide concentration at a treatment outlet after startup of the test apparatus of Example 2 of the second embodiment. is a graph of the concentration of carbon dioxide at the outlet of the processing side and the concentration of recovered carbon dioxide for each rotor rotation angle in Example 2 of the second embodiment. shows a time change graph of the carbon dioxide gas recovery amount after starting the test apparatus of Example 2 of the second embodiment.
- a sealed casing having a gas zone 4, a recovery zone 5 and a desorption zone 6, respectively.
- the wet rotor is brought into contact with air or mixed gas containing carbon dioxide gas to sorb the carbon dioxide gas while being evaporatively cooled, and the saturated steam is introduced into the desorption zone 6 to condense the steam.
- High-concentration carbon dioxide gas is desorbed by heat, and the exit gas is passed through a recovery zone 5 to be recovered.
- the honeycomb is preheated and heat recovered prior to desorption, which improves the energy efficiency. It has many advantages, such as reducing the cooling load.
- the collection zone 5 can be folded back to the front stage side of the rotor rotation to add two or three stages.
- the carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus and/or air conditioner according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a rotor 1 capable of sorbing carbon dioxide gas arranged in a process gas zone 4 in order of at least the rotation direction.
- a carbon dioxide gas separator and/or air conditioner having a process gas purge zone 7, a recovery zone 5, a desorption zone 6, and a desorption gas purge zone 8, wherein the process gas purge zone 7 and the desorption gas purge zone 8 are circulated and purged. is.
- the circulating purge gas is circulated by a constant displacement pump such as a diaphragm type.
- the oxygen-containing gas contained in the honeycomb and brought from the processing gas zone by the rotation of the rotor is exhausted in the processing gas purge zone 7, and the exhaust gas is introduced into the desorption gas purge zone 8 to push out and replace the desorption gas contained in the honeycomb.
- the replaced desorption gas is circulated into the process gas purge zone 7 .
- Laminate structure purge/recovery block that realizes a complicated flow configuration at low cost and with high accuracy
- Various conventional separation/concentration devices have a chamber structure of welded sheet metal for the recovery, desorption, and purge zones, etc., and a small cast iron chamber structure. Since the flow path is configured, a complicated flow path configuration is practically impossible.
- a method was devised to implement such a complicated zone and flow configuration as simply as possible with high thermal insulation and at a low cost. It is a “laminated structure purge/recovery block” structure that integrates zone configurations for recovery, desorption, purge, etc.
- Elasticity, heat resistance, and sealability are required for the “laminated structure purge/recovery block”.
- the foaming ratio and material of the rubber plate are selected according to the heat resistance and other required properties.
- a silicone rubber foam plate (expressed as a plate assuming a certain degree of thickness and hardness) having a thickness of 3 to 4 mm or more, or 5 mm or more depending on the size of the device, is used as the dioxide of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 which is a part diagram before assembly of the "laminated purge/recovery block" of the carbon gas separation and concentration device and/or the air conditioner, each zone space and communication path are created for each layer.
- mass production can be performed by Thomson processing, laser processing, water jet processing and other existing methods. In the future, it can also be developed into a manufacturing method using a 3D printer that builds up each layer.
- a fluororesin-based sheet with low sliding friction is attached.
- a soft foam rubber layer having excellent flexibility conformability can be selected for the layer immediately below, and a hard foam rubber plate can be selected for the bottom layer. If rigidity is required for scale-up, a harder foam rubber plate or resin foam plate is used in the lower layer. If necessary, it is easy to insert a plate of laser-cut metal or the like in the middle for reinforcement.
- the recovery zone 5 is folded back and a second recovery zone is added on the front side in the rotation direction to create a two-stage gas purging block. It is also possible to further improve energy saving by the heat recovery precooling effect of the honeycomb and the preheating effect of the honeycomb.
- Module plate laminated unit structure is to process and configure the installation space for the component equipment and the gas flow path on multiple foam plates, assemble the component equipment, and stack and assemble the module plates to separate and concentrate carbon dioxide gas. It is completed as a device and/or an air conditioner. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, which is an exploded photograph before assembly of the carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention and/or the foam module plate laminated unit of the air conditioner, carbon dioxide gas is adsorbed on the foam plate.
- a "rotor cassette module plate” 14 formed by incorporating a honeycomb rotor 1 having a function and a drive system, and a plurality of heat-resistant foam rubber plates forming flow passage spaces on foam plates that support and seal the rotor shaft and both end faces.
- the front 15 rear 16 of the "rotor end face module plate” is constructed by incorporating the above-mentioned “laminated structure purge/recovery block” 18, which is laminated with glass fiber-containing fluororesin-based sliding material on the sliding surface. and a "blowing system module plate” 17 incorporating a processing gas blower are laminated and assembled together.
- a small boiler and a circulation pump are built in by forming a space in one of the module plates. If the "laminated structure purge/recovery block" 18 is set so as to protrude slightly from the rotor end face sliding contact surface of the "rotor end face module plate" by the amount of pressure contact, the followability and sealing performance of the zone block to the rotor end face will be improved. Desirably, maintenance replacement and adjustment are also facilitated.
- the "laminated structure purge/recovery block" 18 formed by the foamed rubber laminated structure is attached to the front and rear "rotor end face module plates" 15 and 16 made of foamed polystyrene plates or the like. Installation of carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration equipment and/or "laminated purge/recovery block” of air conditioner to rotor end face module plate. Further, the "rotor cassette module plate” 14 and the “blower system module plate” 17 are laminated and integrated in the order of 15, 14, 16, 17 to complete the "module plate laminated unit structure". "Module board laminated unit structure" Fig. 10 makes it possible to provide a device that combines cost reduction, high heat insulation, flexible sealing performance, and energy saving. It is also within the scope of the design to bond or cover the exterior of the laminated unit with a colored steel plate or the like in order to withstand portability and outdoor use, and from the necessity of design.
- the "module board laminated unit structure" of the apparatus of the present invention selects a heat insulating foam board made of a material that meets the required characteristics of the required locations, extracts the required locations, incorporates the constituent parts, and modularizes each. Since the entire device is integrated by stacking the module plates, there is no need for can manufacturing, leak-proof sealing of welded parts, or anti-corrosion coating. It can also be mass-produced, and a large cost reduction is possible.
- the present invention will be explained using a honeycomb rotor system.
- a rotor 1 in which a honeycomb made of an inorganic fiber sheet, a metal sheet, a plastic sheet, or the like carries an sorbent material having an amine group with a particle diameter of 1 mm or less
- the treatment is performed in order of the rotation direction of the rotor as shown in FIG.
- a gas zone 4 After passing through a gas zone 4 , a process gas purge zone 7 , a recovery zone 5 , a desorption zone 6 , and a desorption gas purge zone 8 , it returns to the process gas zone 4 again.
- a simpler configuration it is also possible to omit the gas purge zones 7 and 8 as shown in FIG. 2 invented earlier.
- the honeycomb it is also possible to use an adsorbent formed by stacking sheets in which granular adsorbents are dispersedly bonded, and the rotor may be of a cylinder type instead of a disk type.
- the outlet gas of the desorption zone 6 is a mixed gas of high-concentration carbon dioxide gas and saturated steam, and this mixed gas is passed through the recovery zone 5 and recovered.
- the risk of oxygen contamination in the desorption zone 6 is further reduced, and the honeycomb is preheated by the passing gas prior to desorption, and has a heat recovery effect, and is precooled from the recovered gas side, so that it can be separated by steam cooling in the subsequent process. Energy load can be reduced.
- the honeycomb rotates from the desorption zone 6 to the desorption gas purge zone 8, and the mixed gas of desorption gas and saturated vapor contained in the honeycomb voids is purged.
- the gas used for purging is mainly composed of the process gas purged and circulated in the process gas purge zone 7 described above.
- the desorption gas-based gas purged in the desorption gas purge zone 8 circulates to the process gas purge zone 7 described above.
- the circulating gas purge zones 7 and 8 described above can be omitted as shown in FIG. no problem.
- the honeycomb that has desorbed carbon dioxide gas then rolls into the process gas zone 4 .
- the honeycomb is still hot immediately after it is moved, but since the surface is covered with condensed water, it does not come into direct contact with oxygen-containing air, and is quickly cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the condensed water, thereby avoiding thermal oxidation deterioration.
- the rotor cooled by the latent heat of vaporization starts to sorb carbon dioxide gas, and the heat of sorption is cooled off by the latent heat of vaporization of the condensed water, so the temperature rise is suppressed and the sorption proceeds efficiently.
- the wet TSA method exchanges the heat of sorption of carbon dioxide gas with the heat of vaporization of water during sorption, and exchanges the heat of desorption of carbon dioxide gas with the heat of condensation of water vapor during desorption to effectively produce carbon dioxide. Gas can be separated and concentrated.
- FIG. 10 can be scaled up to realize a medium-sized unit in which the air blowing function and the detachable/collecting function are also integrated as shown in FIG. In the case of further increasing the size, it is easy to combine a plurality of them as shown in FIG. 12 because of their lightweight characteristics.
- the flue gas When recovering carbon dioxide gas from flue gas, etc., the flue gas is hot and humid and contains pollutant gases such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and dust.
- a pretreatment device such as a filter is installed to remove harmful gases and dust, and the treated gas is used. Since the treated gas after pretreatment is still hot and humid for sorption, it is desirable to cool and dehumidify it.
- the humidity In the zeolite system, the humidity must be dehumidified to a minus dew point temperature, but in the wet TSA method, the outside temperature and humidity are sufficient throughout the year, and the rotary total heat exchanger disclosed in Patent Document 9 exchanges total heat with the outside air. There is also a method of lowering the temperature and humidity by using this method, which only slightly increases the running cost and keeps the initial cost low. Others are the same as when the outside air or conditioned air is used as the processing gas, but since the processing gas from the flue or the like has a high concentration of carbon dioxide gas, each zone ratio may be specially designed.
- Patent Document 13 proposes a rotary type that removes oxygen-containing gas with a vacuum pump, but this increases the strength of the device, the initial cost of the vacuum pump, and the running cost. There are many difficult problems such as cost reduction.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of atmospheric carbon dioxide gas separation and recovery test by the conventional dry TSA method.
- the honeycomb rotor 12 is formed by corrugating porous paper mainly composed of inorganic fibers such as glass fibers to a pitch of 3.0 mm and a height of 2.0 mm, and winding the corrugated paper.
- a honeycomb rotor 12 having a bulk specific gravity of 150 kg/m 3 containing 50% by weight of the fine powder and a width of ⁇ 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm is obtained by impregnating with a coating liquid obtained by mixing a basic ion-exchange resin fine powder and a heat- and water-resistant binder and drying it, followed by grinding. get
- Carbon dioxide gas concentration was measured by a non-dispersive infrared method (NDIR) using a measured concentration of 0 to 10000 ppm.
- the test conditions were a treatment:desorption zone ratio and flow rate ratio of 1:1, and a treatment gas passing air velocity of 2 m/s.
- the outside air is the same on both the processing gas side and the desorption side, and the desorption side is heated to 55° C. and introduced into the desorption zone. This temperature is used to avoid thermal oxidation deterioration of the ion exchange resin, but it was found from experiments that the resin deteriorated even under this condition.
- the carbon dioxide gas recovery rate was 45%, but when the treated gas becomes a high carbon dioxide gas concentration of around 10% such as flue gas, a huge amount of carbon dioxide gas sorption heat is generated, so such a removal rate cannot be expected. do not have.
- the recovery rate cannot be improved unless the processing gas is circulated many times while being cooled as in Patent Document 4, and in addition, it is impossible at a desorption temperature of about 100°C.
- the wet TSA method As shown in the upper diagram of FIG. 1, saturated steam is introduced into the desorption zone to desorb carbon dioxide with the heat of condensation of the steam, and the honeycomb is rotated to the treatment gas zone while being moistened with the condensed water.
- the dry TSA method when a gas containing carbon dioxide is caused to flow into the processing gas zone to sorb carbon dioxide gas on the honeycomb, the temperature of the sorbent material and the raw material gas rises due to the heat of sorption of the carbon dioxide gas and water vapor, resulting in the formation of carbon dioxide.
- the amount of carbon gas sorption decreases
- the wet TSA method as shown in the lower diagram of FIG. , the temperature rise of the honeycomb and the raw material gas is suppressed, and carbon dioxide gas can be sorbed with high efficiency.
- Saturated steam close to 100°C has an enthalpy 100 times or more that of heated air at 100°C or carbon dioxide gas. There is no need to circulate while In addition, since saturated steam with a large heat capacity requires a small introduction volume, the desorption zone can be made smaller, and the rotor can be made smaller.
- the saturated steam introduced into the desorption zone is cooled by heating the honeycomb and supplying the desorption heat of carbon dioxide gas, and condenses on the surfaces of the honeycomb and the sorbent material.
- honeycomb and sorbent material immediately after moving to the process gas zone are wet for the reasons described above, but when the process gas flows in, they are strongly cooled by the evaporative cooling phenomenon of water, and the sorption of carbon dioxide gas begins.
- it is desirable to cool and dehumidify the processing gas but unlike the case of using synthetic zeolite, it is not necessary to dehumidify to the minus dew point, and the temperature and humidity range of the outside air is sufficient.
- the heat of sorption is converted into the heat of vaporization of the condensed water and effectively cooled by the evaporative cooling phenomenon of the processing gas, and high sorption performance can be maintained.
- the latent heat of vaporization of 369.9 kJ/kg to the latent heat of sublimation of 573 kJ/kg which is considered to be a measure of the sorption heat of carbon dioxide gas
- the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2500 kJ/kg, so it is attached to or absorbed by the honeycomb and the sorption material. It is calculated that the evaporation of 1 kg of water can remove the sorption heat of about 4 to 5 kg of carbon dioxide gas.
- Some solid amine-based carbon dioxide sorbents and amine-based ion-exchange resins can withstand heat up to 100°C in the absence of oxygen, but in some cases they are significantly deteriorated even at about 40°C in dry conditions in the air. Ion-exchange resins are more durable in a hydrated state, and the same is believed to be the case with other amine-based sorbents. In the method of the present invention, it is believed that durability is improved by operating all steps in a wet hydration state.
- the temperature rise during sorption is kept low by the evaporative cooling phenomenon of condensed water.
- the desorption zone reaches 60 to 100° C., but carbon dioxide gas and saturated steam are mainly present, and there is almost no oxygen. Avoiding direct contact with the water, the evaporative cooling phenomenon caused by condensed water cools quickly, preventing oxidative deterioration and improving durability.
- a comparative example of the wet TSA method experimental apparatus Fig. 14 is shown.
- carbon dioxide gas is desorbed by the condensation heat of water vapor, and when the carbon dioxide gas is sorbed, the sorption heat is removed by the latent heat of vaporization of the condensed water, thereby dramatically improving the recovery rate and recovery concentration.
- Outside air was used as the processing gas.
- the carbon dioxide gas concentration meter uses a diaphragm electrode method that can measure both liquid and gas phases, and the measurement concentration is 0.1 to 100%.
- the carbon dioxide gas concentration on the process gas side was measured by a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) method, and concentrations of 0 to 10000 ppm were used.
- NDIR non-dispersive infrared
- the test rotor is of the same type and specification as Comparative Example 1. Since the desorption side uses saturated steam with high energy density, the desorption zone is much smaller as in FIG. 14 with a treat gas:desorption zone ratio of 10:1. The passing air velocity on the processing gas side is set to the same condition at 2 m/s. On the desorption side, while circulating the recovered carbon dioxide-containing gas, saturated steam at 100° C. is introduced and mixed to adjust the temperature to around 80° C. and introduced into the desorption zone.
- FIG. 15 is a graph of changes over time in carbon dioxide gas recovery concentration and recovery rate at the start-up of the apparatus. After the start-up, the recovery rate reaches equilibrium in 1 to 2 hours, and the recovery gas concentration reaches equilibrium in about 3 hours.
- FIG. 16 shows the temperature at the rotor inlet and outlet of the desorption side circulation. The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet is less than 10°C, and this energy difference is supplied by introducing saturated steam of 100°C from the steam humidifier. The temperature rise of the processing side air, that is, the inlet/outlet temperature difference, was due to the evaporative cooling effect of the wet TSA method, and was less than 1°C until the end of the experiment. The recovered gas concentration was 2-3%, much higher than in Comparative Example 1, and no detectable deterioration in performance was observed during the four months of the experiment.
- FIG. 18 shows the same experimental apparatus, in which an attempt was made to improve the carbon dioxide gas recovery rate and concentration concentration by increasing the steam input.
- the desorption temperature was adjusted to about 80° C. by manipulating the amount of circulating gas on the desorption side and the rotation speed of the rotor.
- the recovery rate was 50-70%, which was better than the dry TSA method of Comparative Example 1.
- Figures 19 and 20 show the measured distribution of the process gas outlet temperature and the carbon dioxide gas recovery rate by rotor rotation angle.
- the three lines in FIG. 19 show the results of three measurements, but immediately after the rotation from the desorption zone to the process gas zone, the outlet temperature is also high, and in FIG. 20, the recovery at the same point is significantly negative.
- the concentration of carbon dioxide gas is higher than that of the processing gas, migration outflow of the desorption gas from the desorption zone to the processing gas zone due to rotor rotation was observed.
- Prototype 1 of a portable carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration device that is assumed to use conditioned air or air from which carbon dioxide gas has been removed from the atmosphere as conditioned air, and to supply the recovered and concentrated carbon dioxide gas to promote the growth of vegetables in a plant factory.
- a prototype was tested on the machine (Fig. 21).
- the test rotor has a width of ⁇ 300 ⁇ 50mm in consideration of portability.
- the honeycomb size is the same as in Examples 1 and 2, and the honeycomb is impregnated with an amine-based sorbent material.
- the zone configuration is almost the same as that of the second embodiment, and since the pressure loss is low, an axial exhaust fan is adopted on the processing gas side.
- a small blower with variable air volume forms a circulation path.
- the boiler parts of a household steam cleaner are used, and the generated steam is introduced into the circulation path and the gas is recovered from the circulation path.
- Fig. 22 shows the test results. This figure shows the effect on the carbon dioxide gas concentration by adjusting the desorption circulating gas amount and the processing side air amount. Increasing the amount of desorption circulating gas reduces the carbon dioxide gas recovery concentration. It was thought that gas leakage increased due to an increase in differential pressure due to an increase in the amount of circulating gas more than necessary. The influence of the processing air volume was confirmed by using two processing fans and increasing the air volume from 269 CMH (1.33 m/S) to 356 CMH (1.76 m/S). Although there was some effect of improving the recovery concentration, the future was visible, and from this result it was found that a further breakthrough is necessary for practical use.
- Example 1 During the prototype test of Example 1, deformation and leakage occurred due to insufficient heat resistance of the foam board. Since the "laminated structure purge/recovery block" can be manufactured at low cost and with high accuracy even with complex purge and flow configurations, it has been developed into the second embodiment of the invention, which further improves recovery performance, concentration performance, and energy saving. In order to expedite research and development, the performance test of Example 1 was suspended and priority was given to Example 2, so no test data was collected.
- FIG. 3 it is configured to return to the processing gas zone 4 through the processing gas zone 4, the processing gas purge zone 7, the recovery zone 5, the desorption zone 6, the desorption gas purge zone 8 in order of the rotation direction of the rotor.
- Saturated steam close to 100° C. is introduced into the desorption zone to desorb carbon dioxide gas by the heat of condensation of the saturated steam, and the desorbed gas is introduced and passed through the recovery zone 5 at the upstream stage in the rotational direction to be recovered.
- the processing gas contained in the honeycomb is moved to the processing gas purge zone 7 by the rotation of the rotor.
- By recovering it through the outlet gas of it is possible to prevent oxygen from entering the desorption zone 6, which reaches the highest temperature.
- the desorption outlet gas passing through the recovery zone that is, the mixed gas of carbon dioxide gas and saturated steam
- the desorption outlet gas passing through the recovery zone has the effect of recovering heat from the gas passing through the recovery zone and preheating the honeycomb.
- the removal of the latent heat of the gas immediately after desorption reduces the steam separation load of the recovered gas after recovery, and also has the effect of improving the energy efficiency of the entire system.
- gas exchange in the processing gas purge zone 7 and the desorption gas purge zone 8 improves the carbon dioxide gas recovery rate and recovery concentration, and further improves the energy saving effect.
- Fig. 10 shows an assembly photograph of the portable type prototype No. 2.
- the rotor is the same as in Comparative Example 3. Processing air is sucked from the opening shown in this figure and exhausted by a 41 W fan installed on the back side.
- a honeycomb rotor with a width of 50 mm has a small pressure loss, so an axial ventilation fan is sufficient, and the air velocity is 3.4 m/s and the air volume is 7.3 CMM.
- Portable type prototype No. 2 is prototyped with the "foam module board laminated unit structure" invented as a means of improving the recovery rate and concentration of carbon dioxide gas, improving energy efficiency, and reducing costs.
- a "rotor cassette module plate” 16 in which the rotor, casing, and rotor driving device, which are the core parts of the carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration, are formed of foam plates, and the “laminated purge/
- the figure shows the front and rear "rotor end surface module plates” 15 and 16 in which the flow path is constructed by incorporating the recovery block 18, and the "blowing system module plate” 17 in which the processing gas blower and the purge air pump are incorporated (Embodiment 2) before assembly. 6 as shown in the photograph.
- a small boiler is built in by constructing a mounting space across a plurality of module plates. When each module board is laminated and integrated, the device shown in the photograph of FIG. 10 is obtained.
- FIG. 23 is a photograph (embodiment 2) showing the "rotor cassette module plate” 14 by removing the "rotor end face module plate” 15 in front of the prototype No. 2 machine.
- Prototype No. 2 was created for a 50 mm wide rotor, but it is easy to support a wide rotor as an option by replacing the foam plate with a thicker one or stacking multiple layers.
- the "laminated purge/recovery block” 18 that constitutes the recovery zone 5, the desorption zone 6, and the purge zones 7 and 8 must have heat resistance, heat insulation, flexibility, elasticity, sealability, slidability, and wear resistance.
- the foamed silicone rubber plate has a plate with each zone space cut out as shown in FIG. , a bottom plate with an outlet tube installed, etc., and a “laminated purge/recovery block” 18 as shown in the photograph of FIG. , 16.
- a glass cloth-reinforced fluororesin sheet with excellent heat resistance, slidability and wear resistance is adhered to ensure sealability and slidability.
- the steam boiler 10 is a part of a household steam cleaner 1 kW. Steam can be generated for about 10 minutes with a capacity of 350 cc, but an additional water supply tank was installed to secure an operating time of 15 minutes or more. For continuous operation, automatic water supply from water supply or plastic tank should be used.
- a purge air pump 11 is built in the blowing system module plate 17 shown in the photograph of FIG. 6, and a circulation tube to the purge zone is connected.
- FIG. 24 shows the startup situation after the device is started.
- FIG. 15 of Comparative Example 2 although the data started after preheating the steam humidifier, it took 1 hour to stabilize the recovery rate and 3 hours to reach a recovery concentration of 2.5%. In spite of the rise time from 1, the recovery rate reached 45% in about 3 minutes after the start, and the recovery concentration reached 50% concentration in about 15 minutes. It can be seen that the start-up is overwhelmingly faster than that of Comparative Example 2, that is, the thermal efficiency is excellent. Gas-contacting parts and the main body are highly insulated and have a small heat capacity, so there is little heat loss associated with starting and stopping the device, making it easy to start and stop frequently. In both Comparative Examples 2 and 3, condensed water unexpectedly flowed out from the test apparatus, but in Example 2, no condensed water was generated except for the carbon dioxide gas recovery tube. Therefore, the heat loss due to heat insulation and residual heat of the device is almost eliminated.
- FIG. 25 shows changes in the carbon dioxide gas concentration at the processing outlet after startup. It can be seen that the outside air of about 440 ppm becomes about 250 ppm after 2 to 3 minutes of operation, after which the air is supplied stably. If this air is used for air conditioning, energy saving can be improved, and an intellectual productivity effect can be expected.
- the recovery rate was about 45%, but the rotor width was 50 mm and the processing side flow velocity was 3.3 m/s.
- Comparative Example 1 of the dry TSA method shows similar removal rate data at a width of 200 mm and 2 m/s, the superiority of the wet TSA method can be understood.
- FIG. 26 shows measurement data of the carbon dioxide gas concentration for each rotation angle at the outlet of the treatment zone.
- the recovered (removed) concentration obtained by subtracting the treatment outlet concentration from the outside air concentration is also shown. Even at the point immediately after the rotation from the desorption gas purge zone to the treatment zone, the carbon dioxide gas concentration was sufficiently low, and no carbon dioxide gas concentration higher than the treated gas concentration as in Comparative Example 2 was observed, thus confirming the effect of the circulation purge zone. rice field.
- FIG. 27 shows changes in the amount of carbon dioxide gas recovered after startup. An equilibrium state was reached in about 3 minutes, and the amount of carbon dioxide gas recovered was almost stable at 0.9 liters per minute. This data is in the middle of optimizing each parameter, and the recovery concentration is 50% in the middle of optimizing the rotor rotation speed and purge gas flow rate. By optimizing the parameters, it is considered possible to achieve a concentration close to 100%.
- the present invention relates to a wet TSA method carbon dioxide gas separation and concentration apparatus that can concentrate to a high concentration with a high recovery rate, has high durability, can use exhaust heat of around 100 ° C., has good energy efficiency, is inexpensive, and can be easily made compact. Since carbon dioxide gas can be separated, concentrated and collected not only from flue gas but also from the atmosphere and conditioned air, the air with reduced carbon dioxide gas concentration can be used for air conditioning ventilation, and the collected high-concentration carbon dioxide gas can be used in plant factories, etc. It is possible to contribute to the productivity improvement of vegetables by supplying them.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
また収着「材」とか「剤」とする表現もあるが、「剤」は形状の定まらないもので、細孔構造や表面積なども制御され、官能基が固定された構造によって機能や優劣が生じるものは「材」として、本明細書中では「材」とする。
また水と水蒸気の表記を使い分けるように、化学物質や分子的表現は二酸化炭素とするが、あきらかにガスを指す場合は二酸化炭素ガスと表記する。更に、二酸化炭素の回収率、回収二酸化炭素濃度をそれぞれ単に回収率、回収濃度と表記する。
特許文献4に開示されたものは、二酸化炭素吸着の可能なゼオライトハニカムロータを用いて従来の乾式TSA法にて、煙道ガス等から二酸化炭素ガスを濃縮回収するフローの改良型である。TSAロータ濃縮法で、ロータの冷却や吸着熱の除去及び省エネ性の追求及び回収率と回収濃度向上を目的に工夫、発明したフローである。回収率を高くするために吸着出口ガスを冷却しながら何度も冷却ゾーン(=吸着ゾーン)を循環させる方法と、回収濃度を高くするために脱着した二酸化炭素ガスを加熱しながら脱着ゾーンを何度も循環させ、さらに特殊なパージ方法とを組み合わせても回収率60%、回収濃度75%程度が限界で、どちらかを高くしようとすればもう一方が低下するというトレードオフ関係にある。また吸着側ガスと脱着側ガスを複数回循環させなくてはならないので、特許文献8に示すように除湿用やVOC濃縮用ロータの2倍以上の直径が必要になる。以上のように例え二酸化炭素収着材のイノベーションがあっても、従来の乾式TSA法の延長線上ではこれ以上の大幅な高性能化は望めず、全く新しい考えでブレークスルーが必要であることが分かった。
特許文献5に開示されたものは、空調空気や大気から二酸化炭素ガスを分離除去して空調給気し、空調の省エネ性を高める目的で研究開発してきたが、分離除去した二酸化炭素ガス濃度は1000ppm前後で、処理空気と同風量の大量の再生空気が必要でロータが大型になり、再生用の大型給・排気ダクトの設置スペースやコストが課題であった。
特許文献7、8、9に開示されたものは以上の研究経験、知見からブレークスルーを目指して湿式TSA法を発明したものである。先に比較のため従来の乾式TSA法の問題について説明する。従来の乾式TSA法では、二酸化炭素収着時に原料ガス中の水蒸気も吸着して吸着熱を発生し、二酸化炭素ガスの収着を阻害するだけでなく、二酸化炭素ガス脱着時には吸着水の脱着エネルギー消費により顕著なエネルギーロスを生じる。
アミン系二酸化炭素収着材の熱・酸化劣化防止と、脱着温度高温化による性能向上とはトレードオフ関係にあり、常に重要課題としてつきまとう。
特許文献5では二酸化炭素ガス分離が可能なアミン系弱塩基性イオン交換樹脂を採用し、収着材の熱・酸化劣化を避けるため低温再生方式で実験した。しかし45℃程度の低温再生でも、乾燥状態の空気中では短時間で顕著に性能劣化する事が分った。
特許文献1にはロータ回転式省エネルギー超低露点除湿機のフローが開示されている。ロータの回転方向の順に第2吸着ゾーン、第1吸着ゾーン、第2再生ゾーン、第1再生ゾーン、予冷パージゾーンに分割されている。処理空気は第1吸着ゾーンのハニカムを通過しながら除湿される。除湿後の処理空気は吸着熱により昇温するので冷却してから第2吸着ゾーンでさらに超低露点まで除湿して供給される。
従来の乾式TSA法で再生に用いられる加熱ガスと比較して、飽和蒸気は100℃以下ながらエネルギー密度が高く、わずか数度の温度低下で多量の凝縮水とエネルギーロスを生じるので、コスト上昇を抑制しながら高断熱性を確保できる方法を検討した。
従来の空気処理装置製造方法では、板金加工、溶接組み立てした製缶品に塗装し、板金の重なり部のリーク防止のためコーキング材で目止めされる。ロータや熱交換コイル、ヒータ、送風機等の機器を組み込み配線し、必要な箇所に断熱処理する。耐熱性の必要が有ればガラス繊維断熱材等で、結露防止目的であれば発泡スチレン保温板等で断熱される。以上の様に工数が多くコストアップが避けられない。
湿式TSA法の性能をさらに向上するために飽和蒸気温度を100℃近くまで上げる事を検討し、脱着ゾーンに持ち込まれた酸素により収着材が熱・酸化劣化する現象の対策を考えた。試作開発試験を繰り返しながら新たに発明した方法及び装置は、二酸化炭素ガスの収着能力を有するロータを、少なくともロータの回転方向の順に、処理ガスゾーンと、回収ゾーンと、脱着ゾーンとを有する夫々シールされたケーシング内に収納回転させ、処理ガスゾーンにてロータの湿った状態で二酸化炭素ガスを含む空気又は混合ガスと接触させて気化冷却しながら二酸化炭素ガスを収着し、脱着ゾーンに飽和蒸気を導入して蒸気の凝縮熱により高濃度の二酸化炭素ガスを脱着させ回収ゾーンを通して回収する二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置及び、又は空調装置である。
本発明が目的とする湿式TSA法二酸化炭素分離濃縮技術は、後述する比較例2、3の実験結果から凝縮水の水漏れや排水量に注目し、高断熱性構造にすることが絶対条件と考えた。回収ガス以外での凝縮水の流出は膨大な熱ロスを意味するからである。
新たに発明したフローは、ロータの回転方向の順に処理ガスゾーン、回収ゾーン、脱着ゾーンを設け、脱着ゾーンに100℃近い飽和蒸気を導入して水蒸気の凝縮熱によりハニカムに収着した二酸化炭素ガスを脱着し、そのガスを回転方向前段の回収ゾーンに導入通過させて二酸化炭素ガスを回収する。
以上の循環パージ原理で二酸化炭素ガスの回収ゾーンと脱着ゾーンの前後に組み合わせたパージゾーンにてハニカム空隙中のガスを相互に置換して、回収率、回収濃度を向上させエネルギー効率を高める効果が有る。この循環パージ技術は特許文献1にも開示されている。
「モジュール板積層ユニット構造」は所要箇所の要求特性に合った材質の発泡板を選定し、夫々所要箇所を抜き取って構成部品を組み込んでモジュール化し、夫々のモジュール板を積層して装置全体を一体化構成するので、製缶加工や溶接部の漏れ止めシーリング、防錆塗装が不要で、簡単な組み立てにより、十分な断熱性も確保でき、少量生産から大量生産にも対応でき、大幅なコストダウンが可能である。また脱着、回収、パージ機能部「積層構造パージ・回収ブロック」採用により複雑な複数ゾーンを有しながら高精度で低摩擦摺動性、シール効果、追従性も良好で、煩雑な調整は不要で、耐熱性と断熱性と耐久性を確保でき、かつコストを抑えられる。
高性能化のための処理収着、脱着、回収、パージフロー
性能向上するために飽和蒸気温度を100℃近くまで上げる事を検討し、脱着ゾーンに持ち込まれた酸素により収着材が熱・酸化劣化する現象の対策を考えた。本発明の第一実施形態の二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置及び、又は空調装置の基本フローは、図2に示すように二酸化炭素ガスの収着能力を有するロータ1を、少なくとも回転方向の順に、処理ガスゾーン4と、回収ゾーン5と、脱着ゾーン6とを有する夫々シールされたケーシング内に収納回転させる。処理ガスゾーン4にてロータの湿った状態で二酸化炭素ガスを含む空気又は混合ガスと接触させて気化冷却しながら二酸化炭素ガスを収着し、脱着ゾーン6に飽和蒸気を導入して蒸気の凝縮熱により高濃度の二酸化炭素ガスを脱着させ、その出口ガスを、回収ゾーン5を通過させて回収するようになっている。
従来の各種分離濃縮装置は、回収、脱着、パージゾーン等は板金を溶接したタイプや、小型では鋳物製のチャンバー構造になっており、各チャンバーは断熱処理され、ガス流路は外付けダクトにより流路が構成されるので複雑な流路構成は現実的には不可能であった。 このような複雑なゾーン及びフロー構成をできるだけシンプルで高断熱、安価に実施できる方法を考えた。回収、脱着、パージ等のゾーン構成を一体化した「積層構造パージ・回収ブロック」構造である。
湿式TSA分離濃縮法(図1)では、従来製品より各段に高い断熱性が要求される。その理由は、図4のように100℃近い飽和蒸気は同じ温度の空気や二酸化炭素ガスの数百倍のエンタルピを有するからである。さらに図5から100℃の飽和水蒸気では水蒸気が100%だが、80℃では水蒸気以外のガスの混入率は50%になることが分かる。このことから飽和蒸気温度をできるだけ100℃に近づける事は、熱・酸化劣化対策と高濃度回収のためには必須条件であると考えた。また図4から、飽和蒸気100℃から数度低下するだけで膨大なエネルギーロスを生じることから高断熱性が必要であることが分かる。そこで低コストで高断熱を達成できる「モジュール板積層ユニット構造」を考えた。
「モジュール板積層ユニット構造」図10により低コスト化と高断熱性、柔軟密封シール性、省エネ性を兼ね備える装置が可能になる。持ち運びや屋外での使用に耐えるよう、また意匠性の必要性から、積層ユニットの外装をカラー鋼板等で貼り合わせ、または覆うことも設計の範囲内である。
処理ガスは大気あるいは空調空気なので特に前処理は必要なく、一般空調機に採用されている租塵フィルター程度が有れば良い。例えば外気を処理ガスゾーン4に通過させ、ハニカムロータ1に二酸化炭素ガスを収着させて送風機で排気する。この排気は二酸化炭素ガス濃度が外気よりも低いので室内空調に利用すると換気負荷を低減させ、知的生産性を向上させる効果も期待できる。二酸化炭素ガスを収着したロータは処理ガスパージゾーン7に回転移動し、脱着ガスパージゾーン8からのガスでパージされ、次の回収ゾーン5に回転移動する。回収ゾーン5では脱着ゾーン6の出口ガスが導入され、通過したガスが高濃度二酸化炭素ガスとして回収される。
前述の循環ガスパージゾーン7、8は図2のように省略が可能で、その場合回収ガスに処理ガスゾーンからの空気が混入して二酸化炭素濃度を減ずるが、植物工場等で再利用する場合は問題ない。
図6写真の送風系モジュール板17にパージ用エアーポンプ11を内蔵しパージゾーンへの循環チューブを接続している。
比較例2、3共に試験装置から想定外の結露水の流出があったが、実施例2では二酸化炭素ガス回収チューブ以外からは結露水も発生しなかった。従って断熱性や装置の余熱に起因する熱ロスが殆ど解消された。
2 ロータ駆動モータ
3 ロータ駆動ベルト
4 処理ガスゾーン
5 回収ゾーン
6 脱着ゾーン
7 処理ガスパージゾーン
8 脱着ガスパージゾーン
9 処理ガスファン
10 蒸気ボイラ
11 パージポンプ
12 エアヒータ
13 ブロア
14 ロータカセットモジュール板
15 前ロータ端面モジュール板
16 後ロータ端面モジュール板
17 送風系モジュール板
18 積層パージ・回収ブロック
Claims (5)
- 二酸化炭素ガスの収着能力を有するロータを、少なくともロータの回転方向の順に、処理ガスゾーンと、結露水を生じない高断熱性構造の「積層構造パージ・回収ブロック」に形成された回収ゾーンと脱着ゾーンとを有する夫々シールされたケーシング内に収納回転させ、処理ガスゾーンにてロータの湿った状態で二酸化炭素ガスを含む空気又は混合ガスと接触させて気化冷却しながら二酸化炭素ガスを収着し、脱着ゾーンに100℃近い飽和蒸気を導入して蒸気の凝縮熱により高濃度の二酸化炭素ガスを脱着させ回収ゾーンを通して回収する処理出口空気を空調給気可能な二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置。
- 二酸化炭素ガスの収着能力を有するロータを、少なくとも回転方向の順に、処理ガスゾーンと、結露水を生じない高断熱性構造の「積層構造パージ・回収ブロック」に形成された処理ガスパージゾーンと回収ゾーンと脱着ゾーンと脱着ガスパージゾーンを有する夫々シールされたケーシング内に収納回転させ、処理ガスゾーンにてロータの湿った状態で二酸化炭素ガスを含む空気又は混合ガスと接触させて気化冷却しながら二酸化炭素ガスを収着し、処理ガスパージゾーンと脱着ガスパージゾーンが循環パージし、脱着ゾーンに100℃近い飽和蒸気を導入して蒸気の凝縮熱により高濃度の二酸化炭素ガスを脱着させ回収ゾーンを通して回収する処理出口空気を空調給気可能な二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置。
- 二酸化炭素を含む混合ガスが大気又は空調空気であり、処理ガスゾーンを出た空気を空調用に給気し、回収ゾーンを出た二酸化炭素ガスを回収する請求項1又は請求項2の処理出口空気を空調給気可能な二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置。
- ハニカムロータと駆動モータ及び駆動ベルトで構成する駆動系を発泡板に組み込んだ「ロータカセットモジュール板」と、ロータ軸の保持及びロータの両端面を支持シール摺動する発泡板に、脱着、回収、パージ流路等の空間と連通路を有する複数の耐熱性発泡ゴム板等で構成した「積層構造パージ・回収ブロック」を夫々組み込んだ「ロータ端面モジュール板」の前後と、処理ガス送風機を組み込んだ「送風系モジュール板」とを積層組み立て一体化する請求項1又は請求項2の処理出口空気を空調給気可能な二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置。
- 各ゾーン空間を有した又は有していない扇形シートの積層構造であって、ロータ端面に接する摺動面は耐熱耐摩耗性の摺動シートと、その下層は発泡ゴムシート層と、さらにその下層は各ゾーン間の連通路を設けた発泡ゴムシート層または発泡板層と、最下層はゾーン空間を有していない断熱板を積層接着してブロック化し、外周部又は底面に蒸気導入部と脱着ガス回収部を設けた「積層構造パージ・回収ブロック」及び、それを組み込んだ請求項1又は請求項2の、処理出口空気を空調給気可能な二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020237039188A KR20230165346A (ko) | 2021-12-27 | 2022-09-28 | 공조 급기 가능한 이산화탄소 가스 분리 농축 장치 |
SE2450692A SE2450692A1 (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2022-09-28 | Air conditionable carbon dioxide gas separator/concentrator |
US18/561,566 US20240261726A1 (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2022-09-28 | Carbon dioxide gas separation/concentration device capable of feeding conditioned air |
CA3204602A CA3204602A1 (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2022-09-28 | Carbon dioxide gas separation/concentration device capable of feeding conditioned air |
DE112022001386.9T DE112022001386T5 (de) | 2021-12-27 | 2022-09-28 | Kohlendioxidgas-Abscheidungs/Konzentrationsvorrichtung, die Luft klimatisieren kann |
CN202280039619.6A CN117529360A (zh) | 2021-12-27 | 2022-09-28 | 可空调供气的二氧化碳气体分离浓缩装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021-211907 | 2021-12-27 | ||
JP2021211907A JP7132475B1 (ja) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | 空調給気可能な二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023127215A1 true WO2023127215A1 (ja) | 2023-07-06 |
Family
ID=83191724
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2022/036262 WO2023127215A1 (ja) | 2021-12-27 | 2022-09-28 | 空調給気可能な二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240261726A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7132475B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20230165346A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN117529360A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3204602A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112022001386T5 (ja) |
SE (1) | SE2450692A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2023127215A1 (ja) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012005943A (ja) * | 2010-06-24 | 2012-01-12 | Seibu Giken Co Ltd | 二酸化炭素回収装置 |
US20150008366A1 (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-01-08 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Compositions for carbon dioxide separation using steam regeneration, and method for preparing same |
JP2016175014A (ja) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-10-06 | 株式会社西部技研 | ガス回収濃縮装置 |
JP2019013906A (ja) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-31 | 株式会社西部技研 | ガス回収濃縮装置 |
JP2019025482A (ja) * | 2018-10-01 | 2019-02-21 | 日立化成株式会社 | Co2除去装置 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2673300B2 (ja) | 1988-02-01 | 1997-11-05 | 株式会社西部技研 | 低濃度ガス収着機 |
JP3456880B2 (ja) | 1997-10-24 | 2003-10-14 | 松下エコシステムズ株式会社 | 換気装置 |
JPH11309330A (ja) | 1998-04-28 | 1999-11-09 | Seibu Giken Co Ltd | ガス濃縮装置 |
JP3581255B2 (ja) | 1998-07-14 | 2004-10-27 | 株式会社西部技研 | ガス吸着濃縮装置 |
US8163066B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2012-04-24 | Peter Eisenberger | Carbon dioxide capture/regeneration structures and techniques |
JP5627870B2 (ja) | 2009-10-27 | 2014-11-19 | 株式会社西部技研 | 空気調和装置 |
BR112016015436B8 (pt) | 2013-12-31 | 2022-08-30 | Graciela Chichilnisky | Sistema de movimento rotativo de leitos multimonolíticos para a remoção de co2 da atmosfera |
WO2016005226A1 (en) | 2014-07-10 | 2016-01-14 | Climeworks Ag | Steam assisted vacuum desorption process for carbon dioxide capture |
JP6605548B2 (ja) | 2017-08-01 | 2019-11-13 | 株式会社西部技研 | 換気空調装置 |
JP6510702B1 (ja) | 2018-03-28 | 2019-05-08 | 株式会社西部技研 | ガス回収濃縮装置 |
JP6632005B1 (ja) | 2018-08-29 | 2020-01-15 | 株式会社西部技研 | ガス吸着体とその製法及び二酸化炭素ガス濃縮装置 |
JP7123748B2 (ja) | 2018-10-30 | 2022-08-23 | 公益財団法人地球環境産業技術研究機構 | 二酸化炭素分離回収システム及び方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-12-27 JP JP2021211907A patent/JP7132475B1/ja active Active
-
2022
- 2022-09-28 DE DE112022001386.9T patent/DE112022001386T5/de active Pending
- 2022-09-28 CN CN202280039619.6A patent/CN117529360A/zh active Pending
- 2022-09-28 SE SE2450692A patent/SE2450692A1/en unknown
- 2022-09-28 KR KR1020237039188A patent/KR20230165346A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2022-09-28 US US18/561,566 patent/US20240261726A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-28 CA CA3204602A patent/CA3204602A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-28 WO PCT/JP2022/036262 patent/WO2023127215A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012005943A (ja) * | 2010-06-24 | 2012-01-12 | Seibu Giken Co Ltd | 二酸化炭素回収装置 |
US20150008366A1 (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-01-08 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Compositions for carbon dioxide separation using steam regeneration, and method for preparing same |
JP2016175014A (ja) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-10-06 | 株式会社西部技研 | ガス回収濃縮装置 |
JP2019013906A (ja) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-31 | 株式会社西部技研 | ガス回収濃縮装置 |
JP2019025482A (ja) * | 2018-10-01 | 2019-02-21 | 日立化成株式会社 | Co2除去装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN117529360A (zh) | 2024-02-06 |
US20240261726A1 (en) | 2024-08-08 |
SE2450692A1 (en) | 2024-06-24 |
KR20230165346A (ko) | 2023-12-05 |
JP2023096276A (ja) | 2023-07-07 |
CA3204602A1 (en) | 2023-07-06 |
JP7132475B1 (ja) | 2022-09-07 |
DE112022001386T5 (de) | 2023-12-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110290850B (zh) | 气体回收浓缩装置 | |
CA3077339C (en) | Gas recovery and concentration device | |
JP6383467B1 (ja) | 除湿空調装置 | |
EP1722881B1 (en) | Process for producing purified compressed gas and adsorbent wheel system | |
US10406475B2 (en) | Gas recovery concentration apparatus | |
JP7112081B2 (ja) | 二酸化炭素分離回収装置 | |
CN109323352B (zh) | 换气空调装置 | |
US20210252451A1 (en) | Co2 scrubber with moving bed structure | |
WO2023228457A1 (ja) | 空調給気も可能な空気中二酸化炭素をガス源とするドライアイス製造システム | |
JP2009090979A (ja) | 小型デシカント空調装置 | |
JP2011143358A (ja) | 吸湿フィルタおよび加湿装置 | |
JP7481859B2 (ja) | ガス分離回収装置 | |
JP7132475B1 (ja) | 空調給気可能な二酸化炭素ガス分離濃縮装置 | |
JP2009083851A (ja) | 小型デシカント空調装置 | |
JP2009138975A (ja) | クリーンルーム排気の清浄化方法 | |
JP7455566B2 (ja) | ガス除去濃縮装置 | |
KR101331192B1 (ko) | 실린더형 유기 화합물 가스 농축장치 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 3204602 Country of ref document: CA |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22915450 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 112022001386 Country of ref document: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20237039188 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020237039188 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202280039619.6 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2450692-5 Country of ref document: SE |