WO2023125089A1 - 故障检测的方法及其装置 - Google Patents

故障检测的方法及其装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023125089A1
WO2023125089A1 PCT/CN2022/139860 CN2022139860W WO2023125089A1 WO 2023125089 A1 WO2023125089 A1 WO 2023125089A1 CN 2022139860 W CN2022139860 W CN 2022139860W WO 2023125089 A1 WO2023125089 A1 WO 2023125089A1
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Prior art keywords
base station
information
management system
network management
link
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PCT/CN2022/139860
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁鼎
兰宇
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023125089A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023125089A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0677—Localisation of faults
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/10—Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the communication field, and more specifically, to a fault detection method and device thereof.
  • a base station as a wireless access node, is usually connected to a network management system and maintained through the network management system.
  • the maintenance link between the base station and the network management system may be interrupted; , power supply interruption and other failures may lead to power down of the base station. Whether the maintenance link between the base station and the network management system is interrupted, or the base station is powered off, the base station will be separated from the management of the network management system. At present, there is still room for improvement on how to better deal with base stations out of the management of the network management system.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for fault detection, which can provide strong support for targeted processing of different types of base stations that are not managed by the network management system, and improve the efficiency of processing the base stations that are not managed by the network management system.
  • a fault detection method including: a first base station detects that the link between the first base station and a network management system is abnormal; the first base station sends a second base station managed by the network management system to a second base station A piece of information, at least one of the time domain resource or frequency domain resource where the first information is located, or the content of the first information indicates that the link is abnormal.
  • the first base station may detect that the first base station and the network management system (specifically, the network management system may include The link between the network element management entities) is abnormal.
  • the network management system specifically, the network management system may include The link between the network element management entities
  • the first information may use a preset frame number to indicate that there is a base station with an abnormal link with the network management system (that is, the first base station is a base station with an abnormal link with the network management system).
  • the first base station can transmit a sequence in the guard period (guard period, GP) area of each wireless frame with a frame number of 125, and the frame number of 125 only represents that the first base station is a link with the network management system abnormal.
  • the first information may indicate that there is a base station with an abnormal link with the network management system (that is, the first base station is a base station with an abnormal link with the network management system) through a preset sending duration.
  • the first base station may continuously send the first information for 3 minutes, and the duration of 3 minutes only means that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal.
  • the time-domain resource where the first information is located (for example, a preset frame number, a preset transmission duration, a preset number of repeated transmissions, or a preset time interval between two adjacent transmissions) is the first
  • the base station and the second base station are jointly preset.
  • the first information may use preset content to indicate that there is a base station with an abnormal link with the network management system (that is, the first base station is a base station with an abnormal link with the network management system).
  • the first information may include preset bit content, thereby indicating that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal.
  • the content of the first information (for example, the content of preset bits) is preset jointly by the first base station and the second base station.
  • the first base station managed by the network management system can send the first information to the second base station managed by the network management system to indicate that the first base station and the network management The link between the systems is abnormal, and furthermore, the second base station can determine the base station and network management that are out of network management system management according to at least one of the time domain resources or frequency domain resources where the first information is located, or the content of the first information.
  • the link between the systems is abnormal, sending to the network management system information indicating that the link between the base station out of the management of the network management system and the network management system is abnormal, and the network management system can, according to the information that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system, and the information indicating that the link between the base station out of management of the network management system and the network management system is abnormal, to determine that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal.
  • the network management system can not only detect that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system, but can also determine the type of failure of the first base station out of the management of the network management system (for example, the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal), for Targetedly provide strong support for different types of base stations out of the management of the network management system, and improve the efficiency of handling base stations out of the management of the network management system.
  • the first base station receives second information from the second base station, the time domain resources or frequency domain resources where the second information is located, or the second information At least one item in the content indicates the handling policy of the link exception.
  • the second information may indicate a link abnormality handling strategy through a preset frame number.
  • the first base station may send a sequence in the guard interval of each radio frame whose frame number is 115, and the frame number of 115 only means to control the first base station not to provide services.
  • the second information may indicate a link abnormality handling strategy through a preset sending duration.
  • the first base station can continuously send the second information for 2 minutes, and the duration of 2 minutes only means to control the first base station not to provide services (for example, all cells of the first base station can be blocked, so that the first base station stop providing the service).
  • the time domain resource where the second information is located (for example, a preset frame number, a preset transmission duration, a preset number of repeated transmissions, or a preset time interval between two adjacent transmissions) is the first
  • the base station, the second base station, and the network management system (specifically, may be a network element management entity included in the network management system) are jointly preset.
  • the second information may indicate a policy for handling link exceptions through preset content.
  • the second information may include content of preset bits, and further instruct to control the restart of the first base station.
  • the content of the second information (for example, the content of preset bits) is jointly preset by the first base station, the second base station, and the network management system (specifically, it may be a network element management entity included in the network management system) .
  • the first base station may receive the second information from the second base station, and determine the link abnormality processing strategy (for example, different time-domain resources or different frequency-domain resources where the second information is located, or different content of the second information may represent different link abnormality processing strategies). Furthermore, the first base station out of management of the network management system may be controlled to perform operations such as not providing services or restarting.
  • the link abnormality processing strategy For example, different time-domain resources or different frequency-domain resources where the second information is located, or different content of the second information may represent different link abnormality processing strategies.
  • the first base station out of management of the network management system may be controlled to perform operations such as not providing services or restarting.
  • a fault detection method including: a second base station receives third information from a network management system, and the third information notifies detection of a fault type of a base station that is not managed by the network management system; the second base station receiving first information from the first base station, where the first base station belongs to the base station that is not managed by the network management system; the second base station receives the first information according to the time domain resource or frequency domain resource where the first information is located, or the first information
  • the content determines that the link between the base station out of management of the network management system and the network management system is abnormal, and the fault type of the base station out of management of the network management system includes the link abnormality.
  • the second base station After receiving the third information, the second base station starts to detect the fault type of the base station that is out of the management of the network management system.
  • the first information from the first base station, it can use the time domain resource or The frequency domain resource or the content of the first information determines that there is a base station out of the management of the network management system, and the link between the base station and the network management system is abnormal, so as to report to the network management system later, so that the network management system can determine the first
  • the failure type of a base station out of the management of the network management system is an abnormal link with the network management system.
  • this method can not only detect that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system, but also can determine the type of failure of the first base station out of the management of the network management system (for example, the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal), as Targetedly provide strong support for different types of base stations out of the management of the network management system, and improve the efficiency of handling base stations out of the management of the network management system.
  • the second base station sends fourth information to the network management system, where the fourth information indicates that the link is abnormal.
  • the second base station can send information indicating that the link is abnormal to the network management system, and the network management system can determine the link between the first base station and the network management system according to the information and the information that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system.
  • the road is abnormal.
  • the second base station receives fifth information from the network management system, where the fifth information is used to send information indicating a processing strategy for the link abnormality; the The second base station sends second information to the first base station according to the fifth information, at least one item of the time domain resource or frequency domain resource where the second information is located, or the content of the second information indicates the processing of the link abnormality Strategy.
  • the second base station can receive the fifth information from the network management system, and send (for example, send in the form of broadcast, the broadcast object includes the first base station) the second information, and the first base station can pass the second information
  • the time domain resource or frequency domain resource where it is located, or at least one item of the content of the second information determines the processing strategy for link abnormality (for example, it can be based on different time domain resources or different frequency domain resources where the second information is located, or the second Different contents of the information may represent different processing strategies for link anomalies).
  • the first base station out of management of the network management system may be controlled to perform operations such as not providing services or restarting.
  • a fault detection method including: a network management system sends third information to at least one base station, and the third information notifies detection of a fault type of a base station that is not managed by the network management system; in the network management system In the case of receiving fourth information from some or all of the at least one base station, the network management system determines the relationship between the first base station and the network management system based on the fourth information and the information that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system. The link of the system is abnormal, the fourth information indicates that the link between the base station out of management of the network management system and the network management system is abnormal, and the first base station belongs to the base station out of management of the network management system.
  • the network management system After the network management system sends to at least one base station information notifying that the detection is a failure type of a base station that is out of network management system management, it receives the fourth information from some or all of the at least one base station, and passes the fourth information and the first A base station is separated from the information managed by the network management system, and it is determined that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal.
  • this method can not only detect that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system, but can also determine the type of failure of the first base station out of the management of the network management system (for example, the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal), so as to It provides strong support for the processing of different types of base stations out of network management system management, and improves the efficiency of processing base stations out of network management system management.
  • the network management system when the network management system receives sixth information from the at least one base station, the network management system disengages from the first base station according to the sixth information and the first base station
  • the information managed by the network management system determines that the first base station is powered off, the sixth information indicates that there is a base station that is powered off, the first base station belongs to the base station that is powered off, and the base station that is powered off belongs to the network management system managed base station.
  • the network management system may determine that the first base station is powered off by using the sixth information and the information that the first base station is out of management of the network management system. Furthermore, this method can not only detect that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system, but can also determine the type of failure of the first base station out of the management of the network management system (for example, the first base station is powered off), so as to specifically identify different out-of-network
  • the base station processing of the management system management type provides strong support and improves the efficiency of processing base stations that are not managed by the network management system.
  • the network management system sends fifth information to the at least one base station, where the fifth information is used to send information indicating that the base station detached from the network management system and the network management Information about the handling policy for link exceptions between systems.
  • the network management system sends to at least one base station the fifth information indicating the abnormal link between the base station managed by the network management system and the network management system, and then at least one base station can send the second message to the first base station.
  • information for example, sent by broadcasting
  • the first base station can determine the link abnormality processing policy through at least one of the time domain resources or frequency domain resources where the second information is located, or the content of the second information (for example, Different time-domain resources or different frequency-domain resources where the second information is located, or different contents of the second information may represent different link abnormality handling strategies). Therefore, the network management system can control the first base station out of management of the network management system to perform operations such as not providing services or restarting.
  • the network management system determines the at least one base station according to configuration information of neighboring cells of the first base station.
  • the network management system detects that the first base station is out of management of the network management system.
  • the network management system may detect that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system by sending periodic detection information (for example, "heartbeat packet") at a certain time interval.
  • periodic detection information for example, "heartbeat packet”
  • a device for fault detection including: a processing unit, configured to detect an abnormal link between the first base station and a network management system; a transceiver unit, configured to send a second The base station sends the first information, at least one of the time domain resource or the frequency domain resource where the first information is located, or the content of the first information indicates that the link is abnormal.
  • the transceiving unit is further configured to receive second information from the second base station, the time domain resource or the frequency domain resource where the second information is located, or the At least one item of the content of the second information indicates a processing strategy for the link abnormality.
  • a fault detection device including: a transceiver unit, configured to receive third information from a network management system, the third information notifying detection of a fault type of a base station that is out of management of the network management system; the transceiver The unit is further configured to receive the first information from the first base station according to the third information, and the first base station belongs to the base station that is not managed by the network management system; the processing unit is configured to receive the first information according to the time domain where the first information is located. resources or frequency domain resources, or the content of the first information determines that the link between the base station out of the management of the network management system and the network management system is abnormal, and the fault type of the base station out of management of the network management system includes the link The road is abnormal.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send fourth information to the network management system, where the fourth information indicates that the base station out of management of the network management system and the network The link between the management systems is abnormal.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive fifth information from the network management system, where the fifth information is used to send a message indicating a processing strategy for the link abnormality Information; sending second information to the first base station according to the fifth information, at least one of the time domain resources or frequency domain resources where the second information is located, or the content of the second information indicates the processing of the link abnormality Strategy.
  • a device for fault detection including: a transceiver unit configured to send third information to at least one base station, the third information notifying detection of a fault type of a base station that is out of management of the network management system (; processing unit , used to determine the first base station according to the fourth information and the information that the first base station is out of management of the network management system when the network management system receives fourth information from some or all of the at least one base station
  • the link with the network management system is abnormal
  • the fourth information indicates that the link between the base station out of management of the network management system and the network management system is abnormal
  • the first base station belongs to the base station out of management of the network management system.
  • the processing unit is further configured to, when the network management system receives sixth information from the at least one base station, according to the sixth information and the first A base station is detached from the information managed by the network management system, and it is determined that the first base station is powered off, the sixth information indicates that there is a power-down base station, the first base station belongs to the power-down base station, and the power-down base station belongs to the detached base station A base station managed by a network management system.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send fifth information to the at least one base station, where the fifth information is used to send a Information about the abnormal handling policy of the link with the network management system.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine the at least one base station according to the neighbor cell configuration information of the first base station.
  • the processing unit is further configured to detect that the first base station is out of management of the network management system.
  • a communication device which includes: a memory for storing programs; at least one processor for executing the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory, so as to perform the above-mentioned first aspect or any of the above-mentioned first aspects.
  • the device is a network management system.
  • the device is a chip, a chip system or a circuit used in a network management system.
  • the apparatus is a first base station.
  • the device is a chip, a chip system or a circuit used in the first base station.
  • the device is a second base station.
  • the device is a chip, a chip system or a circuit used in the second base station.
  • the present application provides a processor configured to execute the methods provided in the foregoing aspects.
  • the processor's output and reception, input and other operations can also be understood as the sending and receiving operations performed by the radio frequency circuit and the antenna, which is not limited in this application.
  • a computer-readable storage medium where the computer-readable medium stores program code for execution by a device, and the program code includes the above-mentioned first aspect or any one of the above-mentioned implementation methods or The method provided by the second aspect or any of the above-mentioned implementation manners of the second aspect, or the third aspect or any of the above-mentioned implementation manners of the third aspect.
  • a computer program product containing instructions is provided, and when the computer program product is run on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned first aspect or any one of the above-mentioned implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect or the second aspect.
  • the method provided by any one of the above-mentioned implementation manners of the third aspect or the third aspect or any one of the above-mentioned implementation manners of the third aspect.
  • a chip in the eleventh aspect, there is provided a chip, the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the processor reads the instructions stored in the memory through the communication interface, and executes the above-mentioned first aspect or any one of the above-mentioned implementation methods of the first aspect or the second The method provided by the third aspect or any one of the above implementations of the second aspect or the third aspect or any one of the above implementations of the third aspect.
  • the chip further includes a memory, in which computer programs or instructions are stored, and the processor is used to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory, and when the computer programs or instructions are executed, the processor is used to execute The method provided by the first aspect or any one of the above implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect or any one of the above implementations of the second aspect or the third aspect or any one of the above implementations of the third aspect.
  • a fault detection system including the first base station, the second base station and the network management system above.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless network architecture.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an abnormal link between a base station and a network management system.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a fault detection method 300 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication device 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication device 500 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 shows a simplified structural diagram of a base station.
  • the technical solution provided by this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) or new radio (new radio, NR) system, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, LTE time division dual Work (time division duplex, TDD) system, etc.
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR new radio
  • long term evolution long term evolution
  • LTE time division dual Work time division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • the technical solution provided by this application can also be applied to device to device (device to device, D2D) communication, vehicle to everything (vehicle-to-everything, V2X) communication, machine to machine (machine to machine, M2M) communication, machine type Communication (machine type communication, MTC), and Internet of things (internet of things, IoT) communication system or other communication systems.
  • D2D device to device
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • M2M machine to machine
  • M2M machine type Communication
  • MTC machine type communication
  • IoT Internet of things
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless network architecture.
  • the network management system includes a network management (network management, NM) layer and a network element management (element management system, EM) layer, and a network element (network element, NE) layer includes a base station.
  • the southbound interface is between the EM layer and the NE layer
  • the northbound interface is between the NM layer and the EM layer
  • the NE layer may include at least one base station and at least one core network device.
  • a network management entity, a network element management entity, base station #1, and base station #2 as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the network element management entity and the network management entity can communicate directly, the base station #1 and the base station #2 can directly communicate, and the base station #1 and the base station #2 can also directly communicate with the network management system respectively.
  • the network management entity included in the NM layer (also called network manager (network manager, NM)) is a management system responsible for the operation, management and maintenance of the network, so that the resources in the network system can be better utilized. It is a collection of various network management functions realized on the basis of the network management platform.
  • the network management entity can provide the function package of the end user, belongs to the management layer, is supported by the network element management system, but can also directly access the network element.
  • the communication interfaces of the network management entities are all open and standardized interfaces, supporting multi-vendor and multi-technology management network elements.
  • the network element management entity included in the EM layer (also called an element manager (element manager, EM)) is responsible for managing one or more network elements of a certain category in the wireless network.
  • the network element management entity allows users to independently manage all the characteristics of each network element and manage the communication between network elements.
  • the network element management entity can provide function packages for managing end users related to network element types. These functions can be divided into two main categories: network element management functions and subnet management functions.
  • the network management system in the embodiment of the present application may include the network element management entity and the network management entity shown in FIG. Collect the information reported by the adjacent base stations, and make comprehensive judgments on the type of failure of the base station out of the management of the network management system according to the collected data; and notify the base station out of the management of the network management system through the normal adjacent base stations to perform the agreed operation.
  • the base station may be any kind of device with wireless transceiver function. It may include a wireless network device in a third generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) network, and may also include an access point in a non-3GPP (non-3GPP) network.
  • 3GPP third generation partnership project
  • non-3GPP non-3GPP
  • the equipment includes but is not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), baseband unit (BaseBand Unit, BBU), and can also be 5G, such as gNB in the NR system, one or one of the base stations in the 5G system Group (including multiple antenna panels) antenna panels, or network nodes that constitute gNB or transmission points, such as baseband units (BBU), or distributed units (distributed unit, DU), etc., or next-generation communication 6G Base stations in the system, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific technology and specific equipment form adopted by the base station.
  • the base station includes a baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU) and a remote radio unit (remote radio unit, RRU), which can control the RRU to send and receive information through the BBU-RRU interface, or receive information from the BBU and perform it through the air interface. Send information, or receive information through the air interface and send the information back to the BBU through the BBU-RRU interface.
  • BBU baseband unit
  • RRU remote radio unit
  • a base station In a wireless network, a base station can be used as a wireless access node, and usually performs daily maintenance through a remote network management system. However, due to some reasons, the network management system may not be able to maintain the base station, for example, because of interruption of mains power or interruption of transmission, corresponding processing needs to be performed manually.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an abnormal link between a base station and a network management system.
  • the base station #2 may become disconnected from the network management system (including the network management system). Meta-managed entity) manages state. Therefore, accurately judging the type of the failure of the base station #2 that is not managed by the network management system can significantly improve the efficiency of solving the failure of the base station.
  • the failure type of the base station out of network management system is that the link between the base station and the network management system is interrupted. If the base station out of network management system cannot maintain communication with other normal base stations , then the failure type of the base station out of the management of the network management system is power failure;
  • the deactivation of the cell covered by the base station out of the management of the network management system can be delayed, so that The terminal equipment in the adjacent cell can detect the signal of the cell covered by the base station out of the management of the network management system, and then the terminal equipment can judge whether the base station out of the management of the network management system has transmission power by collecting the measurement reports of the terminal equipment. If yes, it means that the reason why the base station is out of the management of the network management system is that the link with the network management system is interrupted; if not, it means that the base station has been powered off.
  • the transmission link between the base stations is often shared with the network management system.
  • the link between the base station and other base stations is also interrupted, so it is impossible to judge whether the fault type of the base station out of the management of the network management system is the interruption of the link with the network management system or power failure;
  • a suitable terminal device can be found at a suitable time.
  • the terminal device may also detect the physical cell identity of a cell covered by a normal base station, causing confusion and inaccurate detection results.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a fault detection method and device, which can effectively improve the above problems.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a fault detection method 300 provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the method 300 may include the following steps:
  • the first base station detects that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal.
  • the first base station may detect that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal by sending periodic detection information (for example, "heartbeat packet") at a certain time interval.
  • periodic detection information for example, "heartbeat packet”
  • the link abnormality between the first base station and the network management system may include fault types such as interface single board failure, interface optical module failure, and transmission link failure.
  • the first base station sends periodic detection information to the network management system at a certain time interval, but does not receive any response information about the detection information from the network management system, it can be determined that the first base station is not related to the network management system.
  • the link between the systems is abnormal.
  • the abnormality of the link between the first base station and the network management system in this application may be the abnormality of the link between the first base station and the network element management entity (included in the network management system).
  • the network management system sends third information to the second base station.
  • the second base station receives the third information from the network management system.
  • the third information is used for notifying the detection of a fault type of a base station that is out of management of the network management system.
  • the fault type of the base station out of management of the network management system may include abnormality of the link between the base station and the network management system, or fault types such as power failure of the base station.
  • the network element management entity included in the network management system determines that the link between the first base station and the network element management entity is abnormal, it can send an alarm to the network management entity (included in the network management system) of the operator through the northbound interface.
  • the second base station belongs to at least one base station described below, and S302 may also be described as the network management system sending third information to at least one base station.
  • at least one base station receives third information from the network management system.
  • the method 300 may further include: the network management system determines at least one base station according to the neighbor cell configuration information of the first base station.
  • the network management system may determine at least one base station according to the neighbor cell configuration information of the first base station, and send third information to at least one base station, so that at least one base station detects a base station that is out of management of the network management system.
  • at least one base station includes the second base station.
  • the actions performed by the network management system in this application may be performed by a network element management entity included in the network management system.
  • the method 300 may further include: the network management system detects that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system.
  • the network management system may detect that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system by sending periodic detection information (for example, "heartbeat packet") at a certain time interval.
  • periodic detection information for example, "heartbeat packet”
  • the network management system sends periodic detection information to the first base station at a certain time interval, but does not receive any response information about the detection information from the first base station, it can be judged that the first base station is out of network management. System management.
  • the first base station sends the first information to the second base station.
  • the second base station receives the first information from the first base station according to the third information.
  • At least one of the time domain resource or the frequency domain resource where the first information is located, or the content of the first information may indicate that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal.
  • the first base station after the first base station detects that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal, it can send the first information to the second base station through the time domain resource or the frequency domain resource where the first information is located, or the second At least one item in the content of the information indicates that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal. Since the second base station receives the first information in the form of broadcast, the second base station cannot perceive that the first information is sent by the first base station, and furthermore, the second base station can only determine that there are base stations out of management of the network management system, And the link between the base station and the network management system is abnormal.
  • the first information may indicate that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal by using a preset frame number.
  • the first base station may transmit a sequence in the guard interval area of each radio frame whose frame number is 125, and the frame number of 125 only represents the base station with an abnormal link with the network management system (that is, the first base station and the network management system The system link is abnormal).
  • the first information may indicate that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal (for the second base station, it only means that the link between the first base station and the network management system is out of management) through a preset transmission duration The link between the base station and the network management system is abnormal).
  • the first base station may continuously send the first information for 3 minutes, and the duration of 3 minutes only means that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal.
  • the time-domain resource where the first information is located (for example, a preset frame number, a preset transmission duration, a preset number of repeated transmissions, or a preset time interval between two adjacent transmissions) is the first
  • the base station and the second base station (at least one base station) are jointly preset.
  • the first information may indicate that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal through preset content (for the second base station, it only represents the base station that is out of the management of the network management system The link with the network management system is abnormal).
  • the first information may include preset bit content, thereby indicating that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal.
  • the content of the first information (for example, the content of preset bits) is preset jointly by the first base station and the second base station (at least one base station).
  • S303 may be executed first, and then S302 may be executed, and the execution sequence of S302 and S303 is not limited.
  • the second base station determines that the link between the base station out of management of the network management system and the network management system is abnormal according to the time domain resource or frequency domain resource where the first information is located, or the content of the first information.
  • the second base station may determine, according to at least one item of the time-domain resource or frequency-domain resource where the first information is located in S303 above, or the content of the first information, that the base station that is out of the management of the network management system and the network management The link between the systems is abnormal.
  • the network management system determines the relationship between the first base station and the network management system according to the fourth information and the information that the first base station is out of management of the network management system.
  • the link of the system is abnormal.
  • the fourth information indicates that the link between the base station out of the management of the network management system and the network management system is abnormal, and the first base station belongs to the base station out of management of the network management system.
  • some or all of the base stations (for example, the second base station) in at least one base station may send fourth information to the network management system after determining that the link between the base stations out of management of the network management system and the network management system is abnormal, In order to inform the network management system that the link between the base station out of management of the network management system and the network management system is abnormal.
  • At least one base station may determine that there is a power-down base station, and send the sixth information to the network management system , the sixth information indicates that there is a base station that is powered off.
  • the network management system may determine that the first base station is powered off according to the sixth information and the information that the first base station is out of management of the network management system.
  • the first base station belongs to a base station that is powered off
  • the base station that is powered off belongs to a base station that is not managed by the network management system
  • some or all of the base stations in at least one base station, do not domain resources, or the content of the first information determines that the link between the first base station and the network management system is abnormal, but the time domain resource information where the first information is located, the frequency domain resource information where the first information is located, or the second At least one of the content of the information is sent to the network management system, and the network management system according to the time domain resource information where the first information is located, the frequency domain resource information where the first information is located, or at least one of the content of the first information The item determines that the link between the base station that is not managed by the network management system and the network management system is abnormal.
  • the network management system may determine the link between the first base station and the network management system based on the information that the first base station is out of management of the network management system after determining that the link between the base station that is not managed by the network management system and the network management system is abnormal. abnormal.
  • the information of the frequency domain resource where the first information is located (for example, the frame number), the information of the time-frequency resource where the first information is located (for example, the continuous transmission time), or the content of the first information (for example, the preset bit content) is jointly preset by the first base station, the second base station (at least one base station), and the network management system (specifically, it may be a network element management entity included in the network management system).
  • the method 300 may further include: the network management system sending fifth information to at least one base station.
  • the fifth information is used to send the information indicating the abnormality handling strategy of the link between the base station out of management of the network management system and the network management system.
  • the processing policy may include controlling the first base station not to provide services, or controlling the first base station to restart.
  • the network management system may send fifth information to at least one base station (for example, the second base station), so that at least one base station (for example, the second base station) may send an indication link abnormality Information about the processing policy.
  • At least one base station may send the fifth information in a broadcast form.
  • the object sent in the broadcast form includes the first base station.
  • the method 300 may further include: at least one base station sending the second information to the first base station according to the fifth information.
  • the processing strategy may include controlling the first base station not to provide services (for example, blocking all cells of the first base station so that the first base station stops providing services), or restarting.
  • At least one base station may broadcast the second information
  • the first base station belongs to an object for broadcasting and sending the second information by at least one base station (for example, the second base station).
  • At least one base station does not perceive that the base station managed by the network management system is the first base station, so, for at least one base station (for example, the second base station), the time domain where the second information is located Resources or frequency domain resources, or at least one item of the content of the second information indicates a processing strategy for abnormal links between base stations that are out of network management system management and the network management system; for the first base station, where the second information is located At least one item of the time domain resource or the frequency domain resource, or the content of the second information indicates a policy for handling abnormality of the link between the first base station and the network management system.
  • the second information may indicate a link abnormality handling policy through a preset frame number.
  • the first base station may send a sequence in the guard interval of each radio frame whose frame number is 115, and the frame number of 115 only means to control the first base station not to provide services.
  • the second information may indicate a link abnormality handling strategy through a preset sending duration.
  • the first base station may continuously send the second information for 2 minutes, and the duration of 2 minutes only means to control the first base station not to provide services.
  • the time domain resource where the second information is located (for example, a preset frame number, a preset transmission duration, a preset number of repeated transmissions, or a preset time interval between two adjacent transmissions) is the first
  • the base station, the second base station (at least one base station), and the network management system (specifically, may be a network element management entity included in the network management system) are jointly preset.
  • the second information may indicate a policy for handling link exceptions through preset content.
  • the second information may include content of preset bits, and further instruct to control the restart of the first base station.
  • the content of the second information (for example, the content of preset bits) is the first base station, the second base station (at least one base station), and the network management system (specifically, it may be the network element management entity included in the network management system) ) are commonly presupposed.
  • the first base station out of the management of the network management system can send the first information to at least one base station (for example, the second base station) to indicate that the link between the network management system and the network management system is abnormal.
  • at least one base station may, after receiving the third information notified and detected from the network management system, according to the time domain resource or frequency domain resource where the first information is located, or the content of the first information
  • At least one item determines that the link between the base station and the network management system that is out of management of the network management system is abnormal (for example, it can be based on different time domain resources or different frequency domain resources where the first information is located, or different content of the first information can be characterize different types of link anomalies), and send to the network management system fourth information indicating that the link between the base station that is out of network management system management and the network management system is abnormal, the network management system can be based on the fourth information and the first It is determined that the link between the first
  • the information managed by the network management system determines that the first base station is powered off. Furthermore, the network management system can not only detect that the first base station is out of the management of the network management system, but also can determine the type of failure of the first base station out of the management of the network management system, which provides a basis for targeted processing of different types of base stations out of the management of the network management system. Strong support improves the efficiency of handling base stations that are separated from the network management system.
  • the network management system may send to at least one base station (for example, the second base station) information indicating a link abnormality handling policy, so that at least one base station (for example, the second base station) may send (for example, by broadcasting) information to the first base station
  • the second information is sent in the form of the second information, and at least one of the time domain resources or frequency domain resources where the second information is located, or the content of the second information indicates the processing policy of the link abnormality (for example, according to the different time domain resources where the second information is located) Domain resources or different frequency domain resources, or different contents of the second information may represent different link abnormality handling strategies), and the first base station that is controlled out of the management of the network management system may perform operations such as not providing services or restarting.
  • the methods and operations implemented by the network management system can also be implemented by software that can be installed in the network management system on a computer, and the methods and operations implemented by the first base station can also be implemented by The components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the first base station can be implemented, and the methods and operations implemented by the second base station (at least one base station) can also be realized by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the second base station (at least one base station). )accomplish.
  • each network element such as a transmitting end device or a receiving end device, includes a corresponding hardware structure and/or software module for performing each function in order to realize the above functions.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software drives hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be regarded as exceeding the scope of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application can divide the functional modules of the transmitting end device or the receiving end device according to the above method example, for example, each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module middle.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software function modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. In the following, description will be made by taking the division of each functional module corresponding to each function as an example.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 400 includes a transceiver unit 410 and a processing unit 420 .
  • the transceiver unit 410 can implement a corresponding communication function, and the processing unit 410 is used for data processing.
  • the transceiver unit 410 may also be called a communication interface or a communication unit.
  • the communication device 400 may further include a storage unit, which may be used to store instructions and/or data, and the processing unit 420 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the communication device implements the foregoing method Example.
  • a storage unit which may be used to store instructions and/or data
  • the processing unit 420 may read the instructions and/or data in the storage unit, so that the communication device implements the foregoing method Example.
  • the communication device 400 can be used to execute the actions performed by the network management system in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device 400 can be a device including the network management system or a component that can be configured in the network management system.
  • the transceiver unit 410 The processing unit 420 is configured to perform operations related to processing on the network management system side in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device 400 can be used to perform the actions performed by the first base station in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device 400 can be the first base station or a component that can be configured in the first base station, and the transceiver unit 410 can be used to
  • the processing unit 420 is configured to perform operations related to processing on the first base station side in the method embodiment above.
  • the communication device 400 can be used to perform the actions performed by the second base station in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device 400 can be the second base station or a component that can be configured in the second base station, and the transceiver unit 410 can be used to
  • the processing unit 420 is configured to perform operations related to processing on the second base station side in the method embodiment above.
  • the communication device 400 is used to execute the actions performed by the network management system in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 above, the transceiver unit 410 is used for: S302; the processing unit 420 is used for: S301.
  • the communication device 400 can implement the steps or processes corresponding to the execution of the network management system in the method 300 according to the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 400 can include a method for executing the network management system in the method 300 in FIG. 3 unit. Moreover, each unit in the communication device 400 and the above-mentioned other operations and/or functions are respectively intended to implement a corresponding flow of the method 300 in FIG. 3 .
  • the transceiver unit 410 can be used to execute step 302 in the method 400
  • the processing unit 420 can be used to execute step 305 in the method 300 .
  • the communication device 400 is used to execute the actions performed by the first base station in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 above, the transceiver unit 410 is used for: S302, S303; the processing unit 420 is used for: S301.
  • the communication device 400 may implement the steps or procedures corresponding to the first base station in the method 300 according to the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 400 may include a method for performing the method in the method 300 in FIG. 3 performed by the first base station. unit. Moreover, each unit in the communication device 400 and the above-mentioned other operations and/or functions are respectively intended to implement a corresponding flow of the method 300 in FIG. 3 .
  • the transceiver unit 410 can be used to execute steps 302 and 303 in the method 300 ; the processing unit 420 can be used to execute step 301 in the method 300 .
  • the communication device 400 is configured to execute the actions performed by the second base station in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 above, the transceiver unit 410 is configured to: S303; the processing unit 420 is configured to: S304.
  • the communication device 400 can implement the steps or procedures corresponding to the second base station in the method 300 according to the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 400 can include a method for performing the method 300 in FIG. 3 performed by the second base station. unit. Moreover, each unit in the communication device 400 and the above-mentioned other operations and/or functions are respectively intended to implement a corresponding flow of the method 300 in FIG. 3 .
  • the transceiver unit 410 can be used to execute step 303 in the method 300 ; the processing unit 420 can be used to execute step 304 in the method 300 .
  • the processing unit 420 in the above embodiments may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuits.
  • the transceiver unit 410 may be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuits.
  • the transceiver unit 410 may also be referred to as a communication unit or a communication interface.
  • the storage unit can be realized by at least one memory.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 500 .
  • the communication device 500 includes a processor 510, the processor 510 is coupled with a memory 520, the memory 520 is used for storing computer programs or instructions and/or data, and the processor 510 is used for executing the computer programs or instructions and/or data stored in the memory 520, The methods in the above method embodiments are executed.
  • the communication device 500 includes one or more processors 510 .
  • the communication device 500 may further include a memory 520 .
  • the communication device 500 may include one or more memories 520 .
  • the memory 520 may be integrated with the processor 510, or set separately.
  • the communication device 500 may further include a transceiver 530, and the transceiver 530 is used for receiving and/or sending signals.
  • the processor 510 is configured to control the transceiver 530 to receive and/or send signals.
  • the communication device 500 is used to implement the operations performed by the network management system in the above method embodiments.
  • the processor 510 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the network management system in the above method embodiments
  • the transceiver 530 is configured to implement transceiving-related operations performed by the network management system in the above method embodiments.
  • the communications apparatus 500 is configured to implement the operations performed by the first base station in the above method embodiments.
  • the processor 510 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the first base station in the above method embodiments
  • the transceiver 530 is configured to implement transceiving-related operations performed by the first base station in the above method embodiments.
  • the communications apparatus 500 is configured to implement the operations performed by the second base station in the above method embodiments.
  • the processor 510 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the second base station in the above method embodiments
  • the transceiver 530 is configured to implement transceiving-related operations performed by the second base station in the above method embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device 600, and the communication device 600 may be a network device or a chip.
  • the communication apparatus 600 may be configured to perform the operations performed by the network device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the network device may be the first base station, or the second base station, or a device including a network management system.
  • FIG. 6 shows a simplified structural diagram of a base station.
  • the base station includes part 610 and part 620 .
  • Part 610 is mainly used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals and conversion between radio frequency signals and baseband signals; part 620 is mainly used for baseband processing and controlling base stations.
  • Part 610 may generally be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver.
  • the part 620 is generally the control center of the base station, which can generally be referred to as a processing unit, and is used to control the base station to perform processing operations on the network device side in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit in part 610 may also be referred to as a transceiver or a transceiver, etc., and includes an antenna and a radio frequency circuit, wherein the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for radio frequency processing.
  • the device used to realize the receiving function in part 610 may be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device used to realize the sending function may be regarded as a sending unit, that is, part 610 includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit may also be called a receiver, receiver, or receiving circuit, etc.
  • the sending unit may be called a transmitter, transmitter, or transmitting circuit, etc.
  • Section 620 may include one or more single boards, and each single board may include one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the processor is used to read and execute the program in the memory to realize the baseband processing function and the control of the base station. If there are multiple single boards, each single board can be interconnected to enhance the processing capability. As an optional implementation, it is also possible that multiple single boards share one or more processors, or that multiple single boards share one or more memories, or that multiple single boards share one or more processors at the same time. device.
  • the transceiver unit in part 610 is used to execute the steps related to the transceiver performed by the first base station in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3; Process-related steps performed by the base station.
  • the transceiver unit in part 610 is used to execute the steps related to transceiver performed by the second base station in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3; Steps related to processing performed by the second base station.
  • the transceiver unit in part 610 is used to execute the steps related to sending and receiving performed by the network management system in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3; Process-related steps performed by the management system.
  • FIG. 6 is only an example rather than a limitation, and the foregoing network device including a transceiver unit and a processing unit may not depend on the structure shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the chip When the communication device 600 is a chip, the chip includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the transceiver unit may be an input-output circuit or a communication interface;
  • the processing unit is a processor or a microprocessor or an integrated circuit integrated on the chip.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which is stored the method for implementing the method executed by the first base station in the above method embodiment, or the method executed by the second base station, or the method executed by the network management system computer instructions.
  • the computer when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer can implement the method executed by the first base station, or the method executed by the second base station, or the method executed by the network management system in the above method embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product containing instructions.
  • the instructions When the instructions are executed by a computer, the computer implements the method executed by the first base station in the above method embodiment, or the method executed by the second base station, or the method executed by the network. Manage system execution methods.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a fault detection system, where the communication system includes the first base station, the second base station, and the network management system in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the specific structure of the execution subject of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, as long as the program that records the code of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed according to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application Just communicate.
  • the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be the network management system or the first base station or the second base station, or a functional module in the network management system or the first base station or the second base station that can call the program and execute the program .
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • Usable media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic media or magnetic storage devices (for example, floppy disks, hard disks (such as removable hard disks), magnetic tapes), optical media (for example, optical disks, compact discs, etc.) , CD), digital versatile disc (digital versatile disc, DVD, etc.), smart cards and flash memory devices (such as erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), card, stick or key drive, etc. ), or semiconductor media (such as solid state disk (solid state disk, SSD), U disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), etc. can store programs The medium of the code.
  • Various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information.
  • the term "machine-readable medium” may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing and/or carrying instructions and/or data.
  • processors mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), and may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits ( application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components
  • the memory storage module may be integrated in the processor.
  • the disclosed devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the above units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or can be Integrate into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • a computer When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application will be generated in whole or in part.
  • a computer can be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种故障检测的方法，包括：第一基站检测第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常，并向第二基站发送第一信息，通过第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第一信息的内容中的至少一项指示链路异常，进而第二基站可向网络管理系统发送指示脱管基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的信息，进而，网络管理系统可根据该信息与第一基站脱管的信息确定第一基站与网络管理系统的链路异常，其中，可通过第一信息所在的不同时域资源或不同频域资源，或不同内容表征不同的脱管类型。进而，网络管理系统不仅检测第一基站脱管，还可确定第一基站的故障类型，为针对性地对不同脱管类型的基站处理提供了有力支撑，提升了处理脱管基站的效率。

Description

故障检测的方法及其装置
本申请要求于2021年12月29日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202111639916.8、发明名称为“故障检测的方法及其装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及故障检测的方法及其装置。
背景技术
在无线通信系统中，基站作为无线接入节点，通常是与网络管理系统连接，通过网络管理系统进行维护的。
然而，由于某一些原因，例如，由于基站的接口单板故障、接口光模块故障、传输链路故障等故障，可能导致基站与网络管理系统的维护链路中断；再例如，由于基站的电源异常、供电中断等故障，可能导致基站的掉电。无论基站与网络管理系统的维护链路中断，还是基站的掉电，均会造成基站脱离网络管理系统的管理。目前，如何更好地处理脱离网络管理系统的管理的基站，仍有提升的空间。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种故障检测的方法及其装置，可以为针对性地对不同脱离网络管理系统管理类型的基站处理提供有力的支撑，提升了处理脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的效率。
第一方面，提供了一种故障检测的方法，包括：第一基站检测该第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常；该第一基站向该网络管理系统管理的第二基站发送第一信息，该第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或该第一信息的内容中的至少一项指示该链路异常。
举例而言，第一基站可以通过一定的时间间隔，发送周期性的检测信息(例如，“心跳包”)的方式，检测到第一基站与网络管理系统(具体地，可以是网络管理系统包括的网元管理实体)之间的链路异常。
此外，在可能实现的一种方式中，第一信息可以通过预设的帧号指示存在与网络管理系统链路异常的基站(即，第一基站为与网络管理系统链路异常的基站)。举例而言，第一基站可以在每个帧号为125的无线帧的保护间隔(guard period,GP)区发送序列，125的帧号仅代表第一基站为与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
在可能实现的另一种方式中，第一信息可以通过预设的发送持续时间指示存在与网络管理系统链路异常的基站(即，第一基站为与网络管理系统链路异常的基站)。举例而言，第一基站可以3分钟持续性的发送第一信息，3分钟的持续时间仅代表第一基站为与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
其中，第一信息所在的时域资源(例如，预设的帧号、预设的发送持续时间、预设的重复发送的次数，或者预设的相邻两次发送的时间间隔)为第一基站、第二基站共同预设的。
在可能实现的再一种方式中，第一信息可以通过预设的内容指示存在与网络管理系统链路异常的基站(即，第一基站为与网络管理系统链路异常的基站)。举例而言，第一信息可以包括预设的比特的内容，进而指示第一基站为与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
其中，第一信息的内容(例如，预设的比特的内容)为第一基站、第二基站共同预设的。
应理解，上述三种可能实现的方式，可以单独存在，也可以存在互相组合，本申请在此不做限定。
基于上述方案，脱离网络管理系统管理的第一基站可以在与网络管理系统之间存在链路异常的情况下，向网络管理系统管理的第二基站发送第一信息以指示第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常，进而，第二基站可以根据第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第一信息的内容中的至少一项确定脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常，向网络管理系统发送指示脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的信息，网络管理系统可以根据第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理的信息，与指示脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的信息，确定第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。因此，网络管理系统可以不仅仅检测第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理，还可以确定脱离网络管理系统管理的第一基站的故障类型(例如，第一基站与网络管理系统的链路异常)，为针对性地对不同脱离网络管理系统管理类型的基站处理提供了有力的支撑，提升了处理脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的效率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一基站接收来自该第二基站的第二信息，该第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或该第二信息的内容中的至少一项指示该链路异常的处理策略。
在可能实现的一种方式中，第二信息可以通过预设的帧号指示链路异常的处理策略。举例而言，第一基站可以在每个帧号为115的无线帧的保护间隔区发送序列，115的帧号仅代表控制第一基站不提供服务。
在可能实现的另一种方式中，第二信息可以通过预设的发送持续时间指示链路异常的处理策略。举例而言，第一基站可以2分钟持续性的发送第二信息，2分钟的持续时间仅代表控制第一基站不提供服务(例如，可以通过闭塞第一基站的所有小区，从而使得第一基站停止提供服务)。
其中，第二信息所在的时域资源(例如，预设的帧号、预设的发送持续时间、预设的重复发送的次数，或者预设的相邻两次发送的时间间隔)为第一基站、第二基站，以及网络管理系统(具体地，可以是网络管理系统包括的网元管理实体)共同预设的。
在可能实现的再一种方式中，第二信息可以通过预设的内容指示链路异常的处理策略。举例而言，第二信息可以包括预设的比特的内容，进而指示控制第一基站重新启动。
其中，第二信息的内容(例如，预设的比特的内容)为第一基站、第二基站，以及网络管理系统(具体地，可以是网络管理系统包括的网元管理实体)共同预设的。
应理解，上述三种可能实现的方式，可以单独存在，也可以存在互相组合，本申请在 此不做限定。
基于上述方案，第一基站可以接收来自第二基站的第二信息，通过第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第二信息的内容的至少一项确定链路异常的处理策略(例如，可以根据第二信息所在的不同时域资源或不同频域资源，或第二信息的不同内容表征不同的链路异常的处理策略)。进而，可以控制脱离网络管理系统管理的第一基站进行不提供服务或重新启动等操作。
第二方面，提供了一种故障检测的方法，包括：第二基站接收来自网络管理系统的第三信息，该第三信息通知检测脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型；该第二基站接收来自该第一基站的第一信息，该第一基站属于该脱离网络管理系统管理的基站；该第二基站根据该第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或该第一信息的内容确定该脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与该网络管理系统之间的链路异常，该脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型包括该链路异常。
基于上述方案，第二基站在接收第三信息之后，开始检测脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型，当接收来自第一基站的第一信息，可以通过第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第一信息的内容确定存在脱离网络管理系统管理的基站，且该基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常，以便后续向网络管理系统进行汇报，使得网络管理系统可以确定第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理的故障类型为与网络管理系统链路异常。因此，本方法可以不仅仅检测第一基站脱离网络管理系统的管理，还可以确定脱离网络管理系统管理的第一基站的故障类型(例如，第一基站与网络管理系统的链路异常)，为针对性地对不同脱离网络管理系统管理类型的基站处理提供了有力的支撑，提升了处理脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的效率。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二基站向该网络管理系统发送第四信息，该第四信息指示该链路异常。
基于上述方案，第二基站可以向网络管理系统发送指示链路异常的信息，网络管理系统可以根据该信息与第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理的信息确定第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二基站接收来自该网络管理系统的第五信息，该第五信息用于发送指示该链路异常的处理策略的信息；该第二基站根据该第五信息向该第一基站发送第二信息，该第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或该第二信息的内容的至少一项指示该链路异常的处理策略。
基于上述方案，第二基站可以接收来自网络管理系统的第五信息，并发送(例如，通过广播的形式进行发送，广播的对象包括第一基站)第二信息，第一基站可以通过第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第二信息的内容的至少一项确定链路异常的处理策略(例如，可以根据第二信息所在的不同时域资源或不同频域资源，或第二信息的不同内容可以表征不同的链路异常的处理策略)。进而，可以控制脱离网络管理系统管理的第一基站进行不提供服务或重新启动等操作。
第三方面，提供了一种故障检测的方法，包括：网络管理系统向至少一个基站发送第三信息，该第三信息通知检测脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型；在该网络管理系统接收来自该至少一个基站中部分或全部基站的第四信息的情况下，该网络管理系统根 据该第四信息以及第一基站脱离该网络管理系统管理的信息，确定该第一基站与该网络管理系统的链路异常，该第四信息指示脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站与该网络管理系统之间的链路异常，该第一基站属于该脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站。
基于上述方案，网络管理系统向至少一个基站发送通知检测是脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型的信息之后，接收来自至少一个基站中部分或全部基站的第四信息，通过第四信息以及第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理的信息，确定第一基站与网络管理系统的链路异常。进而，本方法可以不仅仅检测第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理，还可以确定脱离网络管理系统管理的第一基站的故障类型(例如，第一基站与网络管理系统的链路异常)，为针对性地对不同脱离网络管理系统管理类型的基站处理提供了有力的支撑，提升了处理脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的效率。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，在该网络管理系统接收来自该至少一个基站的第六信息的情况下，该网络管理系统根据该第六信息以及该第一基站脱离该网络管理系统管理的信息，确定该第一基站掉电，该第六信息指示存在掉电的基站，该第一基站属于该掉电的基站，该掉电的基站属于该脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站。
基于上述方案，网络管理系统可以通过第六信息以及该第一基站脱离该网络管理系统管理的信息确定第一基站掉电。进而，本方法可以不仅仅检测第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理，还可以确定脱离网络管理系统管理的第一基站的故障类型(例如，第一基站掉电)，为针对性地对不同脱离网络管理系统管理类型的基站处理提供了有力的支撑，提升了处理脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的效率。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该网络管理系统向该至少一个基站发送第五信息，该第五信息用于发送指示该脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与该网络管理系统之间的链路异常的处理策略的信息。
基于上述方案，网络管理系统向至少一个基站发送指示脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的处理策略的第五信息，进而至少一个基站可以向第一基站发送第二信息(例如，通过广播的方式进行发送)，第一基站可以通过第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第二信息的内容的至少一项确定链路异常的处理策略(例如，可以根据第二信息所在的不同时域资源或不同频域资源，或第二信息的不同内容可以表征不同的链路异常的处理策略)。因此，网络管理系统可以控制脱离网络管理系统管理的第一基站可以进行不提供服务或重新启动等操作。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该网络管理系统根据该第一基站的邻区配置信息确定该至少一个基站。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该网络管理系统检测该第一基站脱离该网络管理系统管理。
举例而言，网络管理系统可以通过一定的时间间隔，发送周期性的检测信息(例如，“心跳包”)的方式，检测到第一基站脱离该网络管理系统管理。
第四方面，提供了一种故障检测的设备，包括：处理单元，用于检测该第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常；收发单元，用于向该网络管理系统管理的第二基站发送第一信息，该第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或该第一信息的内容中的至少一项指示该链路异常。
其中，上述方案的有益效果可以参考第一方面的相关描述，为了简洁，本申请在此不做赘述。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元，还用于接收来自该第二基站的第二信息，该第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或该第二信息的内容中的至少一项指示该链路异常的处理策略。
其中，上述方案的有益效果可以参考第一方面的相关描述，为了简洁，本申请在此不做赘述。
第五方面，提供了一种故障检测的设备，包括：收发单元，用于接收来自网络管理系统的第三信息，该第三信息通知检测脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型；该收发单元，还用于根据该第三信息接收来自该第一基站的第一信息，该第一基站属于该脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站；处理单元，用于根据该第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或该第一信息的内容确定该脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站与该网络管理系统之间的链路异常，该脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型包括该链路异常。
其中，上述方案的有益效果可以参考第二方面的相关描述，为了简洁，本申请在此不做赘述。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元，还用于向该网络管理系统发送第四信息，该第四信息指示该脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站与该网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
其中，上述方案的有益效果可以参考第二方面的相关描述，为了简洁，本申请在此不做赘述。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元，还用于接收来自该网络管理系统的第五信息，该第五信息用于发送指示该链路异常的处理策略的信息；根据该第五信息向该第一基站发送第二信息，该第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或该第二信息的内容中的至少一项指示该链路异常的处理策略。
其中，上述方案的有益效果可以参考第二方面的相关描述，为了简洁，本申请在此不做赘述。
第六方面，提供了一种故障检测的设备，包括：收发单元，用于向至少一个基站发送第三信息，该第三信息通知检测脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型(；处理单元，用于在该网络管理系统接收来自该至少一个基站中部分或全部基站的第四信息的情况下，根据该第四信息以及第一基站脱离该网络管理系统管理的信息，确定该第一基站与该网络管理系统的链路异常，该第四信息指示脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站与该网络管理系统之间的链路异常，该第一基站属于该脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站。
其中，上述方案的有益效果可以参考第三方面的相关描述，为了简洁，本申请在此不做赘述。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该处理单元，还用于在该网络管理系统接收来自该至少一个基站的第六信息的情况下，根据该第六信息以及该第一基站脱离该网络管理系统管理的信息，确定该第一基站掉电，该第六信息指示存在掉电的基站，该第一基站属于该掉电的基站，该掉电的基站属于该脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站。
其中，上述方案的有益效果可以参考第三方面的相关描述，为了简洁，本申请在此不 做赘述。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元，还用于向该至少一个基站发送第五信息，该第五信息用于发送指示该脱离该网络管理系统管理的基站与该网络管理系统之间的链路异常的处理策略的信息。
其中，上述方案的有益效果可以参考第三方面的相关描述，为了简洁，本申请在此不做赘述。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该处理单元，还用于根据该第一基站的邻区配置信息确定该至少一个基站。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该处理单元，还用于检测该第一基站脱离该网络管理系统管理。
第七方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置包括：存储器，用于存储程序；至少一个处理器，用于执行存储器存储的计算机程序或指令，以执行上述第一方面或第一方面的上述任意一种实现方式，或第二方面或第二方面的上述任意一种实现方式，或第三方面或第三方面的上述任意一种实现方式提供的方法。
在一种实现方式中，该装置为网络管理系统。
在另一种实现方式中，该装置为用于网络管理系统中的芯片、芯片系统或电路。
在一种实现方式中，该装置为第一基站。
在另一种实现方式中，该装置为用于第一基站中的芯片、芯片系统或电路。
在一种实现方式中，该装置为第二基站。
在另一种实现方式中，该装置为用于第二基站中的芯片、芯片系统或电路。
第八方面，本申请提供一种处理器，用于执行上述各方面提供的方法。
对于处理器所涉及的发送和获取/接收等操作，如果没有特殊说明，或者，如果未与其在相关描述中的实际作用或者内在逻辑相抵触，则可以理解为处理器输出和接收、输入等操作，也可以理解为由射频电路和天线所进行的发送和接收操作，本申请对此不做限定。
第九方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读介质存储用于设备执行的程序代码，该程序代码包括用于执行上述第一方面或第一方面的上述任意一种实现方式或第二方面或第二方面的上述任意一种实现方式或第三方面或第三方面的上述任意一种实现方式提供的方法。
第十方面，提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的上述任意一种实现方式或第二方面或第二方面的上述任意一种实现方式或第三方面或第三方面的上述任意一种实现方式提供的方法。
第十一方面，提供一种芯片，芯片包括处理器与通信接口，处理器通过通信接口读取存储器上存储的指令，执行上述第一方面或第一方面的上述任意一种实现方式或第二方面或第二方面的上述任意一种实现方式或第三方面或第三方面的上述任意一种实现方式提供的方法。
可选地，作为一种实现方式，芯片还包括存储器，存储器中存储有计算机程序或指令，处理器用于执行存储器上存储的计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令被执行时，处理器用于执行上述第一方面或第一方面的上述任意一种实现方式或第二方面或第二方面的 上述任意一种实现方式或第三方面或第三方面的上述任意一种实现方式提供的方法。
第十二方面，提供一种故障检测的系统，包括上文的第一基站、第二基站和网络管理系统。
附图说明
图1示出了一种无线网络架构的示意图。
图2示出了一种基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的示意图。
图3示出了本申请实施例提供的一种故障检测的方法300的示意图。
图4示出了本申请实施例提供的通信装置400的示意性框图。
图5示出了本申请实施例提供的通信装置500的示意性框图。
图6示出了一种简化的基站结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请提供的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：第五代(5th generation，5G)或新无线(new radio，NR)系统、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)系统等。本申请提供的技术方案还可以应用于未来的通信系统，如第六代移动通信系统。本申请提供的技术方案还可以应用于设备到设备(device to device，D2D)通信，车到万物(vehicle-to-everything，V2X)通信，机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)通信，机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)，以及物联网(internet of things，IoT)通信系统或者其他通信系统。
首先简单介绍适用于本申请的网络架构，如下。
作为示例，图1示出了一种无线网络架构的示意图。如图1所示，网络管理系统包括网络管理(network management,NM)层以及网元管理(element management system,EM)层，网络单元(network element,NE)层包括基站。其中，EM层与NE层之间为南向接口，NM层和EM层为北向接口，NE层可以包括至少一个基站和至少一个核心网设备。例如，如图1所示的网络管理实体、网元管理实体、基站#1，以及基站#2。网元管理实体与网络管理实体可以直接进行通信，基站#1与基站#2可以直接进行通信，基站#1与基站#2也可以分别与网络管理系统直接进行通信。
其中，NM层包含的网络管理实体(也可以称为网络管理者(network manager,NM))是负责网络的运行、管理和维护功能的管理系统，使网络系统中的资源得到更好的利用，是在网络管理平台的基础上实现各种网络管理功能的集合。
网络管理实体可以提供终端用户的功能包，属于管理层，由网元管理系统支持，但也可以直接访问网元。网络管理实体的通信接口都是开放和标准化的接口，支持多供应商和多技术的管理网元。
EM层包含的网元管理实体(也可以称为网元管理者(element manager,EM))负责在无线网络中管理一个或多个某个类别的网元。网元管理实体允许用户单独管理每一个网元的所有特征，管理网元之间的通信。
网元管理实体可以提供用于管理网元类型相关的终端用户的功能包，这些功能可以分 为两个主要的类别：网元管理功能和子网管理功能。
应理解，本申请实施例中的网络管理系统可以包括图1所示的网元管理实体与网络管理实体，主要负责控制脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的相邻基站进行序列的检测和接收，并收集相邻基站上报的信息，根据收集的数据对脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型进行综合判断；以及，通过正常的相邻基站通知脱离网络管理系统管理的基站进行约定的操作。
此外，基站可以是任意一种具有无线收发功能的设备。可以包括第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)网络中的无线网络设备，也可以包括非3GPP(non-3GPP)网络中的接入点。该设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、基带单元(BaseBand Unit，BBU)，还可以为5G，如，NR系统中的gNB，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)等，或者下一代通信6G系统中的基站等。本申请实施例对基站所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
在本申请中，基站包括基带单元(baseband unit,BBU)与射频拉远单元(remote radio unit,RRU)，可以通过BBU-RRU接口控制RRU进行信息的收发，或者接收BBU的信息并通过空口进行信息的发送，或者通过空口接收信息并通过BBU-RRU接口将信息传回至BBU。
在无线网络中，基站可以作为无线接入节点，通常通过远端的网络管理系统进行日常的维护。然而，由于某一些原因可能导致网络管理系统无法对基站进行维护，例如，因为市电的中断或传输的中断，则需要人工进行相应的处理。
图2为一种基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的示意图。如图2所示，在出现由于基站的接口单板故障、接口光模块故障、传输链路故障，或市电的中断导致维护中断时，基站#2可能变为脱离网络管理系统(包括的网元管理实体)管理状态。所以，准确判断脱离网络管理系统管理的基站#2故障的类型，可以明显地提高解决基站故障的效率。
当前，有两种判断脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型的方法，分别是：
1、当某一基站由于某些原因(例如，基站的接口单板故障、接口光模块故障、传输链路故障等故障)导致脱离网络管理系统的管理之后，如果该脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与其他正常基站仍然可以维持通信，则该脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型为该基站与网络管理系统的链路中断，如果该脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与其他正常基站也无法维持通信，则该脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型为掉电；
2、当某一基站由于某些原因(例如，基站的电源异常、供电中断等故障)导致脱离网络管理系统的管理之后，可以延迟去激活该脱离网络管理系统管理的基站覆盖的小区，以便相邻小区的终端设备可以检测到该脱离网络管理系统管理的基站覆盖的小区的信号，进而，终端设备可以通过收集终端设备的测量报告，判断该脱离网络管理系统管理的基站是否存在发射功率，如果是，则说明该基站脱离网络管理系统管理的原因是与网络管理系统的链路中断；如果否，则说明该基站已掉电。
然而，在第一种方式中，基站之间的传输链路，往往是与网络管理系统共用的，当脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路中断，脱离网络管理系统管理的基 站与其他基站的链路也是中断的，所以无法判断脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型是与网络管理系统的链路中断，还是掉电；在第二种方式中，并不能保证在合适的时间可以找到合适的终端设备，此外，终端设备也可能会检测到正常基站覆盖的小区的物理小区标识，产生混淆，造成检测结果不准确。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种故障检测的方法与装置，可以有效地改善上述问题。
下文将结合附图详细说明本申请实施例提供的故障检测的方法与装置。本申请提供的实施例可以应用于上述图1所示的无线网络架构中，不做限定。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
图3示出了本申请实施例提供的一种故障检测的方法300的示意图。如图3所示，该方法300可以包括以下步骤：
S301，第一基站检测第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
示例地，第一基站可以通过一定的时间间隔，发送周期性的检测信息(例如，“心跳包”)的方式，检测到第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。其中，第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常可以包括接口单板故障、接口光模块故障、传输链路故障等故障类型。
举例而言，如果第一基站通过一定的时间间隔，向网络管理系统发送周期性的检测信息，并未收到网络管理系统的关于该检测信息的响应信息，则可以判断第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
应理解，本申请中的第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常，可以是第一基站与(网络管理系统包括的)网元管理实体之间的链路异常。
S302，网络管理系统向第二基站发送第三信息。对应地，第二基站接收来自网络管理系统的第三信息。
其中，第三信息用于通知检测脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型。
举例而言，脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型可以包括基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常，或者基站掉电等故障类型。
此外，网络管理系统包括的网元管理实体在确定第一基站与网元管理实体之间的链路异常之后，可以通过北向接口向运营商的(网络管理系统包括的)网络管理实体进行告警。
应理解，第二基站属于下述至少一个基站，S302也可描述为网络管理系统向至少一个基站发送第三信息。对应地，至少一个基站接收来自网络管理系统的第三信息。
进一步地，为了检测第一基站，方法300还可以包括：网络管理系统根据第一基站的邻区配置信息确定至少一个基站。
具体地，网络管理系统可以根据第一基站的邻区配置信息确定至少一个基站，并通过向至少一个基站发送第三信息，使得至少一个基站均检测脱离网络管理系统管理的基站。其中，至少一个基站包括第二基站。
可选地，本申请中的网络管理系统执行的动作，可以为网络管理系统包括的网元管理实体执行。
进一步地，方法300还可以包括：网络管理系统检测第一基站脱离网络管理系统的管 理。
示例地，网络管理系统可以通过一定的时间间隔，发送周期性的检测信息(例如，“心跳包”)的方式，检测到第一基站脱离网络管理系统的管理。
举例而言，如果网络管理系统通过一定的时间间隔，向第一基站发送周期性的检测信息，并未收到第一基站的关于该检测信息的响应信息，则可以判断第一基站脱离网络管理系统的管理。
S303，第一基站向第二基站发送第一信息。对应地，第二基站根据第三信息接收来自第一基站的第一信息。
其中，第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第一信息的内容中的至少一项可以指示第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
具体地，第一基站在检测到第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常之后，可以向第二基站发送第一信息，通过第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第一信息的内容中的至少一项指示第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。由于，第二基站是通过广播的形式接收第一信息，所以第二基站并不能感知第一信息是由第一基站发送的，进而，第二基站仅可以确定存在脱离网络管理系统管理的基站，且该基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
在可能实现的一种方式中，第一信息可以通过预设的帧号指示第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。举例而言，第一基站可以在每个帧号为125的无线帧的保护间隔区发送序列，125的帧号仅代表存在与网络管理系统链路异常的基站(即，第一基站与网络管理系统链路异常)。
在可能实现的另一种方式中，第一信息可以通过预设的发送持续时间指示第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常(对于第二基站而言，仅代表脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常)。举例而言，第一基站可以3分钟持续性的发送第一信息，3分钟的持续时间仅代表第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
其中，第一信息所在的时域资源(例如，预设的帧号、预设的发送持续时间、预设的重复发送的次数，或者预设的相邻两次发送的时间间隔)为第一基站、第二基站(至少一个基站)共同预设的。
在可能实现的再一种方式中，第一信息可以通过预设的内容指示第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常(对于第二基站而言，仅代表脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常)。举例而言，第一信息可以包括预设的比特的内容，进而指示第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
其中，第一信息的内容(例如，预设的比特的内容)为第一基站、第二基站(至少一个基站)共同预设的。
应理解，上述三种可能实现的方式，可以单独存在，也可以存在互相组合，本申请在此不做限定。
还应理解，在上述方案中，也可以先执行S303，再执行S302，S302与S303的执行顺序并无限定。
S304，第二基站根据第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第一信息的内容确定脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
具体地，第二基站可以根据如上述S303所述的第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第一信息的内容中的至少一项，确定脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
S305，在网络管理系统接收来自至少一个基站中部分或全部基站的第四信息的情况下，网络管理系统根据第四信息以及第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理的信息，确定第一基站与网络管理系统的链路异常。
其中，第四信息指示脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常，第一基站属于脱离网络管理系统管理的基站。
具体地，至少一个基站中的部分或全部基站(例如，第二基站)在确定脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常之后，可以向网络管理系统发送第四信息，以告知网络管理系统脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
可选地，如果至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)并未接收到第一信息，至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)可以确定存在掉电的基站，并向网络管理系统发送第六信息，该第六信息指示存在掉电的基站。以此，网络管理系统在接收来自至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)的第六信息之后，根据第六信息以及第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理的信息，可以确定第一基站掉电。其中，第一基站属于掉电的基站，掉电的基站属于脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站
在可能实现的另一种方式中，至少一个基站中部分或全部基站(例如，第二基站)在接收来自第一基站的第一信息之后，并未根据第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第一信息的内容确定第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常，而是将第一信息所在的时域资源信息、第一信息所在的频域资源的信息，或第一信息的内容中的至少一项发送至网络管理系统，网络管理系统根据第一信息所在的时域资源信息、第一信息所在的频域资源的信息，或第一信息的内容中的至少一项确定脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常。进而，网络管理系统可以在确定脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常之后，结合第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理的信息，确定第一基站与网络管理系统的链路异常。
其中，第一信息所在的频域资源的信息(例如，帧号)、第一信息所在的时频资源的信息(例如，持续发送时间)，或第一信息的内容(例如，预设的比特的内容)是第一基站、第二基站(至少一个基站)，以及网络管理系统(具体地，可以是网络管理系统包括的网元管理实体)共同预设的。
可选地，方法300还可以包括：网络管理系统向至少一个基站发送第五信息。
其中，第五信息用于发送指示脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的处理策略的信息。例如，该处理策略可以包括控制第一基站不提供服务，或者控制第一基站重新启动。
具体地，网络管理系统在确定第一基站的故障类型之后，可以向至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)发送第五信息，使得至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)可以发送指示链路异常的处理策略的信息。
举例而言，至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)可以通过广播的形式发送第五信息。其中，广播形式发送的对象包括第一基站。
可选地，方法300还可以包括：至少一个基站根据第五信息向第一基站发送第二信息。
其中，第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第二信息的内容的至少一项指示脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的处理策略。进一步地，该处理策略可以包括控制第一基站不提供服务(例如，可以通过闭塞第一基站的所有小区，从而使得第一基站停止提供服务)，或者重新启动。
可选地，至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)可以通过广播的形式发送第二信息，第一基站属于至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)广播发送第二信息的对象。
其中，至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)并不感知脱离网络管理系统管理的基站是第一基站，所以，针对至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)而言，第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第二信息的内容的至少一项指示脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的处理策略；针对第一基站而言，第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第二信息的内容的至少一项指示第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的处理策略。
在可能实现的一种方式中，第二信息可以通过预设的帧号指示链路异常的处理策略。举例而言，第一基站可以在每个帧号为115的无线帧的保护间隔区发送序列，115的帧号仅代表控制第一基站不提供服务。
在可能实现的另一种方式中，第二信息可以通过预设的发送持续时间指示链路异常的处理策略。举例而言，第一基站可以2分钟持续性的发送第二信息，2分钟的持续时间仅代表控制第一基站不提供服务。
其中，第二信息所在的时域资源(例如，预设的帧号、预设的发送持续时间、预设的重复发送的次数，或者预设的相邻两次发送的时间间隔)为第一基站、第二基站(至少一个基站)，以及网络管理系统(具体地，可以是网络管理系统包括的网元管理实体)共同预设的。
在可能实现的再一种方式中，第二信息可以通过预设的内容指示链路异常的处理策略。举例而言，第二信息可以包括预设的比特的内容，进而指示控制第一基站重新启动。
其中，第二信息的内容(例如，预设的比特的内容)为第一基站、第二基站(至少一个基站)，以及网络管理系统(具体地，可以是网络管理系统包括的网元管理实体)共同预设的。
应理解，上述三种可能实现的方式，可以单独存在，也可以存在互相组合，本申请在此不做限定。
基于上述方案，一方面，脱离网络管理系统管理的第一基站可以在与网络管理系统之间存在链路异常的情况下，向至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)发送第一信息以指示链路异常，至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)在接收来自网络管理系统的通知检测的第三信息之后，可以根据第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第一信息的内容中的至少一项确定脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常(例如，可以根据第一信息所在的不同时域资源或不同频域资源，或第一信息的不同内容可以表征不同的链路异常的类型)，并向网络管理系统发送指示脱离网络管理系统管理的基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常的第四信息，网络管理系统可以根据第四信息以及第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理的信息确定第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常；另一方面，至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)在接收来自网络管理系统的通知检测脱离网络管理系统管理的基站的故障 类型的第三信息之后，并未收到第一信息，可以向网络管理系统发送指示存在掉电的基站的第六信息，网络管理系统可以根据第六信息以及第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理的信息确定第一基站掉电。进而，网络管理系统不仅可以检测第一基站脱离网络管理系统管理，还可以确定脱离网络管理系统管理的第一基站的故障类型，为针对性地对不同脱离网络管理系统管理类型的基站处理提供了有力的支撑，提升了处理脱离网络管理系统管理基站的效率。
此外，网络管理系统可以向至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)发送指示链路异常的处理策略的信息，使得至少一个基站(例如，第二基站)可以向第一基站发送(例如，通过广播的形式发送)第二信息，通过第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或第二信息的内容的至少一项指示链路异常的处理策略(例如，根据第二信息所在的不同时域资源或不同频域资源，或第二信息的不同内容可以表征不同的链路异常的处理策略)，控制脱离网络管理系统的管理的第一基站可以进行不提供服务或重新启动等操作。
可以理解的是，上述各个方法实施例中，由网络管理系统实现的方法和操作，也可以由可用于计算机安装的网络管理系统的软件实现，由第一基站实现的方法和操作，也可以由可用于第一基站的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现，由第二基站(至少一个基站)实现的方法和操作，也可以由可用于第二基站(至少一个基站)的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现。
以上，结合图3详细说明了本申请实施例提供的方法。以下，结合图4至图6详细说明本申请实施例提供的通信装置。应理解，装置实施例的描述与方法实施例的描述相互对应，因此，未详细描述的内容可以参见上文方法实施例，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，各个网元，例如发射端设备或者接收端设备，为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对发射端设备或者接收端设备进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。下面以采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块为例进行说明。
图4是本申请实施例提供的通信装置400的示意性框图。该通信装置400包括收发单元410和处理单元420。收发单元410可以实现相应的通信功能，处理单元410用于进行数据处理。收发单元410还可以称为通信接口或通信单元。
可选地，该通信装置400还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元可以用于存储指令和/或数据，处理单元420可以读取存储单元中的指令和/或数据，以使得通信装置实现前述方法实施例。
该通信装置400可以用于执行上文方法实施例中网络管理系统所执行的动作，这时，该通信装置400可以为包含网络管理系统的装置或者可配置于网络管理系统的部件，收发单元410用于执行上文方法实施例中网络管理系统侧的收发相关的操作，处理单元420用于执行上文方法实施例中网络管理系统侧的处理相关的操作。
或者，该通信装置400可以用于执行上文方法实施例中第一基站所执行的动作，这时，该通信装置400可以为第一基站或者可配置于第一基站的部件，收发单元410用于执行上文方法实施例中第一基站侧的收发相关的操作，处理单元420用于执行上文方法实施例中第一基站侧的处理相关的操作。
或者，该通信装置400可以用于执行上文方法实施例中第二基站所执行的动作，这时，该通信装置400可以为第二基站或者可配置于第二基站的部件，收发单元410用于执行上文方法实施例中第二基站侧的收发相关的操作，处理单元420用于执行上文方法实施例中第二基站侧的处理相关的操作。
作为一种设计，该通信装置400用于执行上文图3所示实施例中网络管理系统所执行的动作，收发单元410用于：S302；处理单元420用于：S301。
该通信装置400可实现对应于根据本申请实施例的方法300中的网络管理系统执行的步骤或者流程，该通信装置400可以包括用于执行图3中的方法300中的网络管理系统执行的方法的单元。并且，该通信装置400中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图3中的方法300的相应流程。
其中，当该通信装置400用于执行图3中的方法300时，收发单元410可用于执行方法400中的步骤302，处理单元420可用于执行方法300中的步骤305。
应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
作为另一种设计，通信装置400用于执行上文图3所示实施例中第一基站所执行的动作，收发单元410用于：S302、S303；处理单元420用于：S301。
该通信装置400可实现对应于根据本申请实施例的方法300中的第一基站执行的步骤或者流程，该通信装置400可以包括用于执行图3中的方法300中的第一基站执行的方法的单元。并且，该通信装置400中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图3中的方法300的相应流程。
其中，当该通信装置400用于执行图3中的方法300时，收发单元410可用于执行方法300中的步骤302、303；处理单元420可用于执行方法300中的步骤301。
作为另一种设计，通信装置400用于执行上文图3所示实施例中第二基站所执行的动作，收发单元410用于：S303；处理单元420用于：S304。
该通信装置400可实现对应于根据本申请实施例的方法300中的第二基站执行的步骤或者流程，该通信装置400可以包括用于执行图3中的方法300中的第二基站执行的方法的单元。并且，该通信装置400中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图3中的方法300的相应流程。
其中，当该通信装置400用于执行图3中的方法300时，收发单元410可用于执行方法300中的步骤303；处理单元420可用于执行方法300中的步骤304。
上文实施例中的处理单元420可以由至少一个处理器或处理器相关电路实现。收发单 元410可以由收发器或收发器相关电路实现。收发单元410还可称为通信单元或通信接口。存储单元可以通过至少一个存储器实现。
如图5所示，本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置500。该通信装置500包括处理器510，处理器510与存储器520耦合，存储器520用于存储计算机程序或指令和/或数据，处理器510用于执行存储器520存储的计算机程序或指令和/或数据，使得上文方法实施例中的方法被执行。
可选地，该通信装置500包括的处理器510为一个或多个。
可选地，如图5所示，该通信装置500还可以包括存储器520。
可选地，该通信装置500包括的存储器520可以为一个或多个。
可选地，该存储器520可以与该处理器510集成在一起，或者分离设置。
可选地，如图5所示，该通信装置500还可以包括收发器530，收发器530用于信号的接收和/或发送。例如，处理器510用于控制收发器530进行信号的接收和/或发送。
作为一种方案，该通信装置500用于实现上文方法实施例中由网络管理系统执行的操作。
例如，处理器510用于实现上文方法实施例中由网络管理系统执行的处理相关的操作，收发器530用于实现上文方法实施例中由网络管理系统执行的收发相关的操作。
作为另一种方案，该通信装置500用于实现上文方法实施例中由第一基站执行的操作。
例如，处理器510用于实现上文方法实施例中由第一基站执行的处理相关的操作，收发器530用于实现上文方法实施例中由第一基站执行的收发相关的操作。
作为另一种方案，该通信装置500用于实现上文方法实施例中由第二基站执行的操作。
例如，处理器510用于实现上文方法实施例中由第二基站执行的处理相关的操作，收发器530用于实现上文方法实施例中由第二基站执行的收发相关的操作。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置600，该通信装置600可以是网络设备也可以是芯片。该通信装置600可以用于执行上述方法实施例中由网络设备所执行的操作。其中，该网络设备可以为第一基站，或第二基站，或包含网络管理系统的设备。
当该通信装置600为基站，图6示出了一种简化的基站结构示意图。基站包括610部分以及620部分。610部分主要用于射频信号的收发以及射频信号与基带信号的转换；620部分主要用于基带处理，对基站进行控制等。610部分通常可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路、或者收发器等。620部分通常是基站的控制中心，通常可以称为处理单元，用于控制基站执行上述方法实施例中网络设备侧的处理操作。
610部分的收发单元，也可以称为收发机或收发器等，其包括天线和射频电路，其中射频电路主要用于进行射频处理。可选地，可以将610部分中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即610部分包括接收单元和发送单元。接收单元也可以称为接收机、接收器、或接收电路等，发送单元可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。
620部分可以包括一个或多个单板，每个单板可以包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器。处理器用于读取和执行存储器中的程序以实现基带处理功能以及对基站的控 制。若存在多个单板，各个单板之间可以互联以增强处理能力。作为一种可选的实施方式，也可以是多个单板共用一个或多个处理器，或者是多个单板共用一个或多个存储器，或者是多个单板同时共用一个或多个处理器。
例如，在一种实现方式中，610部分的收发单元用于执行图3所示实施例中由第一基站执行的收发相关的步骤；620部分用于执行图3所示实施例中由第一基站执行的处理相关的步骤。
例如，在又一种实现方式中，610部分的收发单元用于执行图3所示实施例中由第二基站执行的收发相关的步骤；620部分用于执行图3所示实施例中由第二基站执行的处理相关的步骤。
例如，在再一种实现方式中，610部分的收发单元用于执行图3所示实施例中由网络管理系统执行的收发相关的步骤；620部分用于执行图3所示实施例中由网络管理系统执行的处理相关的步骤。
应理解，图6仅为示例而非限定，上述包括收发单元和处理单元的网络设备可以不依赖于图6所示的结构。
当该通信装置600为芯片时，该芯片包括收发单元和处理单元。其中，收发单元可以是输入输出电路、通信接口；处理单元为该芯片上集成的处理器或者微处理器或者集成电路。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有用于实现上述方法实施例中由第一基站执行的方法，或由第二基站执行的方法，或由网络管理系统执行方法的计算机指令。
例如，该计算机程序被计算机执行时，使得该计算机可以实现上述方法实施例中由第一基站执行的方法，或由第二基站执行的方法，或由网络管理系统执行的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，该指令被计算机执行时使得该计算机实现上述方法实施例中由第一基站执行的方法，或由第二基站执行的方法，或由网络管理系统执行方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种故障检测的系统，该通信系统包括上文实施例中的第一基站、第二基站以及网络管理系统。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述方便和简洁，上述提供的任一种通信装置中相关内容的解释及有益效果均可参考上文提供的对应的方法实施例，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例并未对本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体的具体结构进行特别限定，只要能够通过运行记录有本申请实施例提供的方法的代码的程序，以根据本申请实施例提供的方法进行通信即可。例如，本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体可以是网络管理系统或第一基站或第二基站，或者，是网络管理系统或第一基站或第二基站中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块。
其中，计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质(或者说计算机可读介质)例如可以包括但不限于：磁性介质或磁存储器件(例如，软盘、硬盘(如移动硬盘)、磁带)、光介质(例如，光盘、压缩盘(compact disc，CD)、数字通用盘(digital versatile disc， DVD)等)、智能卡和闪存器件(例如，可擦写可编程只读存储器(erasable programmable read-only memory，EPROM)、卡、棒或钥匙驱动器等)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD)等、U盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本文描述的各种存储介质可代表用于存储信息的一个或多个设备和/或其它机器可读介质。术语“机器可读介质”可以包括但不限于：无线信道和能够存储、包含和/或承载指令和/或数据的各种其它介质。
应理解，本申请实施例中提及的处理器可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
需要说明的是，当处理器为通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件时，存储器(存储模块)可以集成在处理器中。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅是示意性的，例如，上述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。此外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。
当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求和说明书的保护范围为准。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种故障检测的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一基站检测所述第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常；
    所述第一基站向所述网络管理系统管理的第二基站发送第一信息，所述第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或所述第一信息的内容中的至少一项指示所述链路异常。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一基站接收来自所述第二基站的第二信息，所述第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或所述第二信息的内容中的至少一项指示所述链路异常的处理策略。
  3. 一种故障检测的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二基站接收来自网络管理系统的第三信息，所述第三信息通知检测脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型；
    所述第二基站根据所述第三信息接收来自第一基站的第一信息，所述第一基站属于所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站；
    所述第二基站根据所述第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或所述第一信息的内容确定所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站与所述网络管理系统之间的链路异常，所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型包括所述链路异常。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二基站向所述网络管理系统发送第四信息，所述第四信息指示所述链路异常。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二基站接收来自所述网络管理系统的第五信息，所述第五信息用于发送指示所述链路异常的处理策略的信息；
    所述第二基站根据所述第五信息向所述第一基站发送第二信息，所述第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或所述第二信息的内容的至少一项指示所述链路异常的处理策略。
  6. 一种故障检测的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络管理系统向至少一个基站发送第三信息，所述第三信息通知检测脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型；
    在所述网络管理系统接收来自所述至少一个基站中部分或全部基站的第四信息的情况下，所述网络管理系统根据所述第四信息以及第一基站脱离所述网络管理系统管理的信息，确定所述第一基站与所述网络管理系统的链路异常，所述第四信息指示脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站与所述网络管理系统之间的链路异常，所述第一基站属于所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述网络管理系统接收来自所述至少一个基站的第六信息的情况下，所述网络管理系统根据所述第六信息以及所述第一基站脱离所述网络管理系统管理的信息，确定所述第一基站掉电，所述第六信息指示存在掉电的基站，所述第一基站属于所述掉电的基站，所述掉电的基站属于所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络管理系统向所述至少一个基站发送第五信息，所述第五信息用于发送指示所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站与所述网络管理系统之间的链路异常的处理策略的信息。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络管理系统根据所述第一基站的邻区配置信息确定所述至少一个基站。
  10. 根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络管理系统检测所述第一基站脱离所述网络管理系统的管理。
  11. 一种故障检测的设备，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于检测所述第一基站与网络管理系统之间的链路异常；
    收发单元，用于向所述网络管理系统管理的第二基站发送第一信息，所述第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或所述第一信息的内容中的至少一项指示所述链路异常。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的设备，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    接收来自所述第二基站的第二信息，所述第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或所述第二信息的内容中的至少一项指示所述链路异常的处理策略。
  13. 一种故障检测的设备，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于接收来自网络管理系统的第三信息，所述第三信息通知检测脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型；
    所述收发单元，还用于根据所述第三信息接收来自第一基站的第一信息，所述第一基站属于所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站；
    处理单元，用于根据所述第一信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或所述第一信息的内容确定所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站与所述网络管理系统之间的链路异常，所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型包括所述链路异常。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的设备，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    向所述网络管理系统发送第四信息，所述第四信息指示所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站与所述网络管理系统之间的链路异常。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的设备，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    接收来自所述网络管理系统的第五信息，所述第五信息用于发送指示所述链路异常的处理策略的信息；
    根据所述第五信息向所述第一基站发送第二信息，所述第二信息所在的时域资源或频域资源，或所述第二信息的内容中的至少一项指示所述链路异常的处理策略。
  16. 一种故障检测的设备，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于向至少一个基站发送第三信息，所述第三信息通知检测脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站的故障类型；
    处理单元，在所述网络管理系统接收来自所述至少一个基站中部分或全部基站的第四信息的情况下，用于根据所述第四信息以及第一基站脱离所述网络管理系统管理的信息，确定所述第一基站与所述网络管理系统的链路异常，所述第四信息指示脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站与所述网络管理系统之间的链路异常，所述第一基站属于所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于：
    在所述网络管理系统接收来自所述至少一个基站的第六信息的情况下，根据所述第六信息以及所述第一基站脱离所述网络管理系统管理的信息，确定所述第一基站掉电，所述第六信息指示存在掉电的基站，所述第一基站属于所述掉电的基站，所述掉电的基站属于所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的设备，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    向所述至少一个基站发送第五信息，所述第五信息用于发送指示所述脱离所述网络管理系统管理的基站与所述网络管理系统之间的链路异常的处理策略的信息。
  19. 根据权利要求16至18中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于：
    根据所述第一基站的邻区配置信息确定所述至少一个基站。
  20. 根据权利要求16至19中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于：
    检测所述第一基站脱离所述网络管理系统的管理。
  21. 一种故障检测的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储计算机程序；
    处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述装置执行如权利要求1或2，或如权利要求3至5，或如权利要求6至10中任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1或2，或如权利要求3至5，或如权利要求6至10中任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括用于执行如权利要求1或2，或如权利要求3至5，或如权利要求6至10中任一项所述的方法的指令。
  24. 一种故障检测的系统，其特征在于，包括：第一基站、第二基站以及网络管理系统；
    所述第一基站，用于执行如权利要求1或2中任一项所述的方法；
    所述第二基站，用于执行如权利要求3至5中任一项所述的方法；
    所述网络管理系统，用于执行如权利要求6至10中任一项所述的方法。
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