WO2023124976A1 - 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心 - Google Patents

数据中心冷却系统及数据中心 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023124976A1
WO2023124976A1 PCT/CN2022/138713 CN2022138713W WO2023124976A1 WO 2023124976 A1 WO2023124976 A1 WO 2023124976A1 CN 2022138713 W CN2022138713 W CN 2022138713W WO 2023124976 A1 WO2023124976 A1 WO 2023124976A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
server
heat exchanger
air
outlet
cooling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/138713
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
井汤博
王剑
Original Assignee
北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 filed Critical 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023124976A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023124976A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of data centers, and in particular, to a data center cooling system and a data center.
  • the air-conditioning cooling unit mainly includes compressors, expansion valves, evaporators, condensers and other structures.
  • the air-conditioning cooling unit due to the high energy consumption of the air-conditioning cooling unit during operation, the total energy consumption of the data center will increase, which is not conducive to the realization of the data center.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a data center cooling system and a data center to solve the technical problems existing in related technologies.
  • a data center cooling system including a cooling tower, an air cooling unit, a liquid cooling unit, and a cabinet, and the air cooling unit includes a first heat exchanger, a fan and a return air duct, the liquid cooling unit includes a second heat exchanger, and the cabinet includes a server;
  • the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling tower is connected with the cooling liquid inlet of the first heat exchanger and the first cooling liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the cooling liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the cooling liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger.
  • the first coolant outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with the coolant inlet of the cooling tower, the second coolant outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with the coolant inlet of the server, and the cooling of the server The liquid outlet is connected to the second cooling liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger;
  • the air inlet of the return air duct is connected to the air outlet of the server and is used to transport the air flowing out from the air outlet of the server to the first heat exchanger, and the fan is used to make the return air
  • the wind flowing out of the air outlet of the air duct flows through the first heat exchanger and then flows towards the server, so that the wind passing through the first heat exchanger can enter the server through the air inlet of the server.
  • the server includes a central processing unit, a hard disk drive, a network interface controller, a dual in-line memory module, and a power supply;
  • the central processing unit is provided with a cold plate, the second coolant outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the coolant inlet of the cold plate, and the coolant outlet of the cold plate is connected to the second heat exchanger connected to the second cooling liquid inlet of the device, the cooling liquid inlet of the cold plate is the cooling liquid inlet of the server, and the cooling liquid outlet of the cold plate is the cooling liquid outlet of the server;
  • the central processing unit, the hard disk drive, the network interface controller, the dual in-line memory module and the power supply are all arranged between the air inlet of the server and the air outlet of the server.
  • the air inlet of the server is arranged opposite to the air outlet of the server, the hard disk drive and the network interface controller are both arranged close to the air inlet of the server, and the power supply is arranged close to the air outlet of the server.
  • the air outlet is set, and the central processing unit and the dual in-line storage module are located between the hard disk drive, the network interface controller and the power supply.
  • both the central processing unit and the cold plates are multiple, the multiple cold plates are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple central processors, and the multiple cold plates are connected in series or in parallel.
  • the cabinet includes a plurality of servers, and the cabinet further includes a water distributor and a water collector, and the water distributor includes a water distribution pipe, a first water inlet port arranged on the water distribution pipe, and a water distribution pipe.
  • the water collector includes a water collection pipe, a second water inlet port and a second water outlet port arranged on the water collection pipe, and the second water inlet port for multiple;
  • the second coolant outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the first water inlet port, each of the first water outlet ports is connected to the corresponding coolant inlet of the server, and each of the second water outlet ports is connected to the corresponding coolant inlet of the server.
  • the water inlet port is connected to the corresponding coolant outlet of the server, and the second water outlet port is connected to the second coolant inlet of the second heat exchanger.
  • At least one of a filtering device, a sterilizing device and a descaling device is provided at the second coolant outlet of the second heat exchanger.
  • the air-cooling unit further includes a mounting structure, and an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole are formed on the mounting structure, and the first heat exchanger and the fan are mounted on the mounting structure and located at the between the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole;
  • the air outlet of the return air duct is connected to the air inlet; or, the installation structure is used to be arranged in the machine room, and divides the inside of the machine room into a first space and a second space, the The air inlet hole is located on a side of the installation structure close to the first space, the air outlet hole is located on a side of the installation structure close to the second space, and the server is arranged in the second space, The air outlet of the return air duct communicates with the first space.
  • the air cooling unit further includes an air filter, and the air filter is arranged at the air inlet.
  • the data center cooling system further includes a first water pump and a second water pump, the first water pump is used to pump the cooling liquid flowing out from the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling tower to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, the second water pump is used to pump the cooling liquid flowing out from the second cooling liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger to the server.
  • the data center cooling system further includes a first on-off valve and a second on-off valve, the first on-off valve is set at the coolant outlet of the first heat exchanger and/or the second heat exchanger The first cooling liquid outlet of the server, and the second switch valve is arranged at the cooling liquid inlet of the server.
  • a data center including the above-mentioned data center cooling system.
  • part of the cooling liquid with a lower temperature flowing out from the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling tower flows into the first heat exchanger, and the other part flows into the second heat exchanger.
  • the hot air flowing out from the air outlet of the return air duct and absorbing heat in the server flows through the first heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the first heat exchanger, so that the heat absorbed in the server
  • the temperature of the heated hot air is reduced, and the wind with reduced temperature is blown into the server to continue cooling the server, thereby realizing air cooling of the server.
  • the cooling liquid with a higher temperature flows out from the cooling liquid outlet of the server, and flows into the second heat exchanger through the second cooling liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger, and absorbs the heat of the server in the second heat exchanger
  • the higher temperature cooling liquid exchanges heat with the lower temperature cooling liquid flowing out from the cooling tower, so that the second cooling liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger flows out the lower temperature cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid flows to the server to absorb heat from the server.
  • the heat-absorbed cooling liquid flowing out from the cooling liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger and the first cooling liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger finally returns to the cooling tower and discharges heat to the atmosphere.
  • the data center cooling system provided by the present disclosure discharges the heat of the server to the atmosphere through the cooling tower, that is, the cooling capacity for liquid cooling and air cooling of the server comes from the cooling tower.
  • the cooling of the existing data center accounts for about 40% of the total power consumption of the computer room, and the use of air-conditioning cooling units is one of the important factors leading to the increase of the total cooling power consumption.
  • the data center cooling system provided by the present disclosure does not require the use of air-conditioning cooling
  • the unit makes the energy consumption required for cooling the server lower in the present disclosure, which is conducive to reducing the total energy consumption of the data center, thereby reducing the PUE of the data center, thereby reducing carbon emissions, and helping the goal of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" .
  • the data center cooling system does not use the air conditioning cooling unit for cooling, that is, does not use Freon as a refrigerant, on the one hand, it can avoid the occurrence of Freon leaking and polluting the environment; on the other hand, it can also Avoid fluoride emissions. Since fluorine-containing gas is also a kind of greenhouse gas, avoiding the emission of fluorine-containing gas increases the greenhouse effect.
  • the data center cooling system provided by the present disclosure has a simpler architecture and therefore higher reliability. The cost is lower, and when deploying the data center, the rapid deployment of the data center can be realized. Moreover, since the cooling temperature of the cooling tower is related to the wet bulb temperature of the environment where the cooling tower is located, rather than the dry bulb temperature (ie, the ambient temperature) of its environment, the wet bulb temperature in most parts of the world can meet the requirements for The temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling tower is required. Therefore, the data center cooling system provided by the present disclosure is not easily restricted by the regional ambient temperature, and can be applied to most regions of the world.
  • the server can be liquid-cooled with cooling liquid at 35°C-40°C, and at the same time, the server can be cooled with air at 35°C-40°C through the fan and the first heat exchanger .
  • the temperature of the heat-exchanged air flowing out of the air outlet of the server is about 40°C-45°C, which realizes the heat dissipation of "large air volume and small temperature difference".
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a data center cooling system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a data center cooling system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of connections between a cooling tower, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and a server in a data center cooling system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of arrangement positions between multiple cabinets and return air passages in a data center cooling system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 is an internal schematic diagram of a server of a data center cooling system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the direction pointed by the arrow is the flow direction of the wind flow;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between a first heat exchanger and a fan of a data center cooling system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • connection can be direct connection or indirect connection
  • inside and outside refer to the inside and outside of the corresponding structure or part outline
  • far and near refers to the distance and proximity to the corresponding structure or component.
  • the PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) value has become an internationally accepted measure of the power usage efficiency of data centers.
  • the PUE value refers to the ratio of all the energy consumed by the data center to the energy consumed by the IT load. The closer the PUE value is to 1, the higher the greenness of a data center. At present, the PUE value of most data centers in my country is between 2-3. Therefore, how to reduce the PUE value of the data center and reduce the carbon emissions related to the data center is very important.
  • a data center cooling system is provided, as shown in FIGS.
  • the air cooling unit 20 includes a first heat exchanger 21 , a fan 22 and a return air duct 23
  • the liquid cooling unit 30 includes a second heat exchanger 31
  • the cabinet 40 includes a server 41 .
  • the coolant outlet of the cooling tower 10 is connected with the coolant inlet of the first heat exchanger 21 and the first coolant inlet of the second heat exchanger 31, and the coolant outlet of the first heat exchanger 21 is connected with the second heat exchanger
  • the first coolant outlet of the device 31 is connected to the coolant inlet of the cooling tower 10
  • the second coolant outlet of the second heat exchanger 31 is connected to the coolant inlet of the server 41
  • the coolant outlet of the server 41 is connected to the second heat exchanger.
  • the second coolant inlet of the heat exchanger 31 is connected, that is, the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 31 are connected in parallel with each other.
  • the air inlet of the return air duct 23 is connected with the air outlet 49 of the server 41 and is used to transport the wind flowing out from the air outlet 49 of the server 41 to the first heat exchanger 21, and the fan 22 is used to make the outlet of the return air duct 23
  • the wind flowing out of the tuyere flows through the first heat exchanger 21 and then flows to the server 41 , so that the wind passing through the first heat exchanger 21 can enter into the server 41 through the air inlet 48 of the server 41 .
  • part of the cooling liquid at a lower temperature flowing out of the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling tower 10 flows into the first heat exchanger 21 , and the other part flows into the second heat exchanger 31 .
  • the fan 22 When the fan 22 is in operation, the hot air flowing out from the air outlet of the return air duct 23 and absorbing heat in the server 41 flows through the first heat exchanger 21, and exchanges heat with the coolant in the first heat exchanger 21, The temperature of the hot air absorbing heat in the server 41 is reduced, and the air with reduced temperature is blown into the server 41 to continue to cool the server 41 to realize air cooling of the server 41 .
  • the coolant with a higher temperature flows out from the coolant outlet of the server 41, and flows into the second heat exchanger 31 through the second coolant inlet of the second heat exchanger 31.
  • the cooling liquid with a higher temperature after absorbing the heat from the server 41 exchanges heat with the cooling liquid with a lower temperature flowing out of the cooling tower 10, so that the second cooling liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger 31 flows out of the cooling liquid with a lower temperature.
  • the cooling liquid flows to the server 41 to absorb the heat of the server 41.
  • the heat-absorbed cooling liquid flowing out from the cooling liquid outlet of the first heat exchanger 21 and the first cooling liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger 31 finally returns to the cooling tower 10 and discharges heat to the atmosphere.
  • the data center cooling system discharges the heat of the server 41 to the atmosphere through the cooling tower 10 , that is to say, the cooling capacity for liquid cooling and air cooling of the server 41 comes from the cooling tower 10 .
  • the cooling of the existing data center accounts for about 40% of the total power consumption of the computer room 1, and the use of air-conditioning cooling units is one of the important factors leading to the increase of the total power consumption of cooling.
  • the data center cooling system provided by the present disclosure Compared with the technical solutions in the prior art that provide cooling capacity through multiple devices (such as compressors, expansion valves, evaporators, and condensers) in the air-conditioning cooling unit, the data center cooling system provided by the present disclosure does not need to use air-conditioning cooling
  • the unit makes the energy consumption required for cooling the server lower in the present disclosure, which is conducive to reducing the total energy consumption of the data center, thereby reducing the PUE of the data center, thereby reducing carbon emissions, and helping the goal of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" .
  • the data center cooling system does not use the air conditioning cooling unit for cooling, that is, does not use Freon as a refrigerant, on the one hand, it can avoid the occurrence of Freon leaking and polluting the environment; on the other hand, it can also Avoid fluoride emissions. Since fluorine-containing gas is also a kind of greenhouse gas, avoiding the emission of fluorine-containing gas increases the greenhouse effect.
  • the data center cooling system provided by the present disclosure has a simpler structure, higher reliability and lower cost. Low, when deploying the data center, it can realize the rapid deployment of the data center.
  • the cooling temperature of the cooling tower 10 is related to the wet bulb temperature of the environment where the cooling tower 10 is located, rather than being related to the dry bulb temperature (ie, the ambient temperature) of the environment where the cooling tower 10 is located, the wet bulb temperature in most parts of the world can be To meet the requirements for the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling tower 10, the data center cooling system provided by the present disclosure is not easily restricted by the regional ambient temperature and can be applied to most regions of the world.
  • the server 41 can be liquid-cooled with a cooling liquid of 35°C-40°C, and at the same time, the cooling fluid of 35°C-40°C can be delivered to the server 41 through the fan 22 and the first heat exchanger 21.
  • the wind performs air cooling.
  • the temperature of the heat-exchanged air flowing out from the air outlet 49 of the server 41 is about 40° C.-45° C., realizing heat dissipation of the server 41 with “large air volume and small temperature difference”.
  • the number of the first heat exchanger 21 , the second heat exchanger 31 and the fan 22 may be one or more, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the above-mentioned cooling tower 10 can be an open cooling tower, a closed cooling tower, a natural draft cooling tower, a mechanical draft cooling tower, a mixed draft cooling tower, a wet cooling tower, a dry cooling tower, a wet and dry cooling tower, etc. , the disclosure does not limit the specific type, quantity, size, shape, etc. of the cooling tower 10 .
  • the above-mentioned server 41 includes a central processing unit 410 (central processing unit, CPU), a hard disk drive 420 (Hard Disk Drive, HDD), a network interface controller 430 (network interface controller, NIC ), a dual inline memory module 440 (Dual Inline Memory Modules, DIMM) and a power supply 450 (Power supply unit, PSU);
  • the liquid outlet is connected to the cooling liquid inlet of the cold plate 50, and the cooling liquid outlet of the cold plate 50 is connected to the second cooling liquid inlet of the second heat exchanger 31, and the cooling liquid inlet of the cold plate 50 is the cooling liquid inlet of the server 41.
  • the coolant outlet of the board 50 is the coolant outlet of the server 41; the central processing unit 410, the hard disk drive 420, the network interface controller 430, the dual in-line memory module 440 and the power supply 450 are all arranged on the air inlet 48 and the server 41. between the air outlets 49 of the server 41.
  • the coolant in the second heat exchanger 31 enters the cold plate 50 through the second coolant outlet through the coolant inlet of the cold plate 50, and the cooling liquid located in the cold plate 50
  • the cooling liquid is exchanging heat with the central processing unit 410, absorbing the heat of the central processing unit 410, and realizing the liquid cooling of the central processing unit 410, and the cooling liquid flowing out from the cooling liquid outlet of the cold plate 50 can flow from the cooling tower 10 to the second
  • the cooling liquid in the second heat exchanger 31 performs heat exchange, thereby bringing the heat of the central processing unit 410 to the cooling tower 10 and releasing it into the atmosphere.
  • the central processing unit 410, the hard disk drive 420, the network interface controller 430, the dual-in-line storage module 440, and the power supply 450 are all arranged between the air inlet 48 of the server 41 and the air outlet 49 of the server 41, in the direction of the fan 22 During the process of blowing the low-temperature wind flowing through the first heat exchanger 21 inside the data center, the wind flows in from the air inlet 48 of the server 41 and flows out from the air outlet 49 of the server 41, and the wind flows inside the server 41.
  • central processing unit 410 can take away the heat of central processing unit 410, hard disk drive 420, network interface controller 430, dual-in-line memory module 440 and power supply 450 in the process, realizes central processing unit 410, hard disk drive 420, network interface controller 430 , cooling of the dual in-line memory module 440 and the power supply 450 .
  • the central processing unit 410 is liquid-cooled by the cold plate 50, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the central processing unit 410 first, so as to prevent the wind from flowing from the air inlet 48 of the server 41 to the server 41.
  • the heat of the central processing unit 410 is taken out to cause the temperature inside the server 41 to be too high, thereby reversely heating the hard disk drive 420, the network interface controller 430, the dual in-line memory module 440 and the power supply 450, or affect the heat dissipation of the wind inside the server 41 to the hard disk drive 420, the network interface controller 430, the dual in-line storage module 440 and the power supply 450, thereby ensuring the cooling effect and cooling efficiency.
  • the air inlet 48 of the server 41 and the air outlet 49 of the server 41 can be arranged oppositely, and the hard disk drive 420 and the network interface controller 430 are both close to the server.
  • the air inlet 48 of 41 is set, the power supply 450 is set close to the air outlet 49 of the server 41, and the central processing unit 410 and the dual in-line memory module 440 are located between the hard disk drive 420 and the network interface controller 430 and the power supply 450.
  • the hard disk drive 420 and the network interface controller 430 are relatively weak to temperature tolerance, and the temperature of the wind at the air inlet 48 of the server 41 is relatively low, so the hard disk drive 420 and the network interface controller 430 are close to the air inlet 48 of the server 41 It is set to ensure the cooling of the hard disk drive 420 and the network interface controller 430, and the power supply 450 is capable of withstanding medium or high temperature, so the power supply 450 is set close to the air outlet 49 of the server 41.
  • the server 41 After the wind enters the server 41 from the air inlet 48 of the server 41, it will blow through the hard disk drive 420, the network interface controller 430, the dual in-line memory module 440, the central processing unit 410 and the power supply in sequence. 450, and then flow out from the air outlet 49 of the server 41, so that the cooling requirements of the hard disk drive 420, network interface controller 430, dual in-line memory module 440, central processing unit 410 and power supply 450 inside the server 41 can be met. be satisfied.
  • the central processing unit 410 and the cold plate 50 can be multiple, and the plurality of cold plates 50 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of central processing units 410, and the plurality of cold plates 50 can be connected in series or in parallel. .
  • the cooling liquid flowing out from the second cooling liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger 31 can first enter the first cold plate 50, and then sequentially Flow to the next cold plate 50, and finally flow out from the coolant outlet of the last cold plate 50.
  • the flow rate between the adjacent cold plates 50 can be reduced by increasing the flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing from the second heat exchanger 31 into the cold plates 50.
  • the temperature difference between the cooling liquids enables each CPU 410 to obtain a better cooling effect.
  • the cooling liquid with lower temperature can flow through different cold plates 50 respectively, and the cooling liquid will not be heated by the adjacent CPU 410 during the flow process.
  • Exchange interference, and precisely because the cooling liquids in different cold plates 50 are independent of each other, precise control of the heat dissipation of multiple CPUs 410 can be achieved by controlling the flow of cooling liquid flowing through different cold plates 50 .
  • the cabinet 40 may include a plurality of servers 41, and the cabinet 40 may also include a water divider 46 and a water collector 47.
  • the water divider 46 includes a water distribution pipe 460, a first water inlet port 461 and a first water outlet port 462 arranged on the water distribution pipe 460, the first water outlet port 462 is multiple, and the water collector 47 includes a water collection pipe 470, which is arranged on the water collection pipe 470
  • the second water inlet port 471 and the second water outlet port 472, the second water inlet port 471 is multiple; the second coolant outlet of the second heat exchanger 31 is connected with the first water inlet port 461, and each first water outlet port
  • the port 462 is connected to the coolant inlet of its corresponding server 41, and each second water inlet port 471 is connected to the coolant outlet of its corresponding server 41, and the second water outlet port 472 is connected to the second cooling fluid of the second heat exchanger
  • the cooling liquid enters the water distribution pipe 460 through the second cooling liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger 31 through the first water inlet port 461 of the water separator 46, and the water distribution pipe 460 is provided with a first water outlet port 462 connected to the cooling liquid inlet of the corresponding server 41, like this, the cooling liquid entering the water separator 46 enters in the corresponding server 41 through the first water outlet port 462, and absorbs the heat of the server 41.
  • the heat flows into the water collecting pipe 470 through the second water inlet port 471 of the water collector 47, and then the high-temperature cooling liquid flowing into the water collecting pipe 470 exchanges heat with the low-temperature cooling liquid flowing out from the cooling tower 10, and then re- The low-temperature coolant flows into the water separator 46 and circulates in this way to realize uninterrupted cooling and heat dissipation of multiple servers 41 .
  • the central processing unit 410 is the core component of the server 41, and the cooling liquid Cleanliness has high requirements.
  • at least one of a filtering device, a sterilizing device and a descaling device may be provided at the second coolant outlet of the second heat exchanger 31 .
  • the air outlet 49 is located between the air inlets 48 of the two servers 41 so as to facilitate the arrangement of the return air passage 23 .
  • the air cooling unit 20 may also include an installation structure, on which an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole 100 are formed, and the first heat exchanger 21 and the fan 22 are installed on the installation structure and located between the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole. Between 100 holes.
  • the air outlet of the return air channel 23 is connected with the air inlet. In this way, the hot air that has absorbed the heat of the server 41 flowing out from the air outlet of the return air duct 23 can flow to the first heat exchanger 21 through the air inlet hole of the installation structure, and the air that has absorbed the heat of the server 41 passes through the first heat exchanger 21.
  • the fan 22 blows the airflow that has been dissipated by the first heat exchanger 21 to the server 41 again through the air outlet of the installation structure, and so on. Since the air outlet of the return air duct 23 is connected to the air inlet, it can be ensured that all the air that has absorbed the heat of the server 41 flows through the first heat exchanger 21 for heat exchange.
  • FIGS. In another embodiment provided by the present disclosure, as shown in FIGS.
  • the hole is located on the side of the installation structure close to the first space 60
  • the air outlet 100 is located on the side of the installation structure close to the second space 70
  • the server 41 is arranged in the second space 70
  • the air outlet of the return air duct 23 is connected to the first space.
  • Space 60 is connected.
  • the hot air that has absorbed the heat of the server 41 flowing out from the air outlet of the return air duct 23 can flow into the first space 60, because the first space 60 and the second space 70 are separated by the installation structure, the air in the first space 60 The hot air will not flow into the second space 70 to increase the temperature of the servers in the second space 70 , and the hot air in the first space 60 can flow through the first heat exchanger 21 to exchange heat under the action of the fan 22 .
  • the installation structure when the air outlet of the return air duct 23 is connected to the air inlet hole of the installation structure, the installation structure may not cut off the internal space of the machine room 1, but when the installation structure does not cut off the internal space of the machine room 1 When partitioning, the air outlet of the return air duct 23 may or may not be connected to the air inlet of the installation structure.
  • the fan 22 may be arranged near the air inlet hole of the installation structure, or may be arranged near the air outlet hole 100 of the installation structure, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the air cooling unit 20 further includes an air filter, and the air filter is arranged at the air inlet.
  • the air filter can filter the wind flow before entering the data center, and prevent the dust carried in the wind flow from entering the inside of the server 41, so as to ensure the operating environment of the server 41.
  • the data center cooling system further includes a first water pump 80 and a second water pump 90
  • the first water pump 80 is used to pump the cooling liquid flowing out from the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling tower 10.
  • the second water pump 90 is used to pump the cooling liquid flowing out from the second cooling liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger 31 to the server 41 .
  • the first water pump 80 can provide driving force for the flow of cooling liquid in the first heat exchanger 21
  • the second water pump 90 can provide driving force for the flow of cooling liquid in the second heat exchanger 31, so that the cooling liquid can flow from source to source. Continuous circulation in the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 31 realizes uninterrupted cooling and cooling of the data center.
  • the rotation speed of the first water pump 80 and the second water pump 90 can be adjusted to match the cooling and cooling requirements of the server 41. Specifically, when the cooling requirements of the server 41 increase, the first water pump 80 can be adjusted accordingly. , the speed of the second water pump 90, so that a larger amount of cooling liquid per unit time exchanges heat with the server 41, improving the heat exchange efficiency with the server 41; when the heat dissipation demand of the data center decreases, it can be lowered accordingly
  • the rotational speeds of the first water pump 80 and the second water pump 90 can meet the heat dissipation requirements of the server 41 while reducing the energy consumption of the first water pump 80 and the second water pump 90 .
  • the data center cooling system further includes a first on-off valve 95 and a second on-off valve 96.
  • a first on-off valve 95 and a second on-off valve 96 As shown in FIGS. Or at the outlet of the first coolant of the second heat exchanger 31 , and the second on-off valve 96 is arranged at the inlet of the coolant of the server 41 . Since the first switch valve 95 is arranged at the coolant outlet of the first heat exchanger 21 and/or the first coolant outlet of the second heat exchanger 31, the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 31 are both Can operate simultaneously or independently.
  • the first cooling liquid outlet of the second heat exchanger 31 is provided with a first switching valve 95 as an example
  • the cooling liquid flowing out of the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling tower 10 will no longer It flows into the second heat exchanger 31 continuously, and only flows into the first heat exchanger 21 continuously, so that the server 41 can be continuously air-cooled only through the air cooling unit 20 instead of the server 41 through the liquid cooling unit 30 Continuous liquid cooling is performed, so that the cooling mode of the server 41 can be selected according to the current temperature of the server 41, which is more conducive to reducing the energy consumption of the cooling system of the data center.
  • the second on-off valve 96 is arranged at the coolant inlet of the server 41, the conduction and cut-off of the coolant entering the server 41 can be realized by opening or closing the second on-off valve 96.
  • the cooling liquid can be allowed to enter the server 41 that needs to be dissipated, so as to prevent the cooling liquid from flowing through the server 41 that does not need to be dissipated, resulting in the cooling capacity of the cooling liquid not being effectively utilized.
  • the above-mentioned cooling fluid can be water, which is cheap, easy to replenish, and will not pollute the atmosphere during the heat exchange process.
  • a data center including the above data center cooling system.
  • the data center has all the technical effects of the above data center cooling system, which will not be repeated here.

Abstract

一种数据中心冷却系统及数据中心，该数据中心冷却系统包括冷却塔、风冷单元、液冷单元以及机柜，风冷单元包括第一换热器、风扇以及回风风道，液冷单元包括第二换热器，机柜包括服务器；冷却塔的冷却液出口与第一换热器的冷却液入口和第二换热器的第一冷却液入口连接，第一换热器的冷却液出口和第二换热器的第一冷却液出口与冷却塔的冷却液入口连接，第二换热器的第二冷却液出口与服务器的冷却液入口连接，服务器的冷却液出口与第二换热器的第二冷却液入口连接。回风风道的进风口与服务器的出风口连接并用于将从服务器的出风口流出的风输向第一换热器，风扇用于使回风风道的出风口流出的风流经第一换热器后流向服务器，以使流经第一换热器的风能够通过服务器的进风口进入服务器内。

Description

数据中心冷却系统及数据中心
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2021年12月30日提交的，申请号为202111658729.4、发明名称为“数据中心冷却系统及数据中心”的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及数据中心技术领域，具体地，涉及一种数据中心冷却系统及数据中心。
背景技术
随着物联网、大数据、云计算等信息技术的快速发展，对于数据中心的需求与日俱增。为保证数据中心的正常运行，在数据中心的运行过程中，需要对数据中心进行冷却。
目前，大多采用液冷结合空调补冷的方式对数据中心进行冷却。空调冷却机组主要包括压缩机、膨胀阀、蒸发器、冷凝器等结构，一方面，由于空调冷却机组运行过程中耗能较大，会使得数据中心的总能耗增加，不利于实现数据中心的节能，降低数据中心的PUE(Power Usage Effectiveness，电源使用效率，PUE＝数据中心总设备能耗/IT设备能耗)的降低；另一方面，空调冷却机组的设备较多，也不利于实现冷却中心的快速部署。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种数据中心冷却系统及数据中心，以解决相关技术中存在的技术问题。
为了实现上述目的，根据本公开提供的第一个方面，提供一种数据中心冷却系统，包括冷却塔、风冷单元、液冷单元以及机柜，所述风冷单元包括第一换热器、风扇以及回风风道，所述液冷单元包括第二换热器，所述机柜包括服务器；
所述冷却塔的冷却液出口与所述第一换热器的冷却液入口和所述第二换热器的第一冷却液入口连接，所述第一换热器的冷却液出口和所述第二换热器的第一冷却液出口与所述冷却塔的冷却液入口连接，所述第二换热器的第二冷却液出口与所述服务器的冷却液入口连接，所述服务器的冷却液出口与所述第二换热器的第二冷却液入口连接；
所述回风风道的进风口与所述服务器的出风口连接并用于将从所述服务器的出风口流出的风输向所述第一换热器，所述风扇用于使所述回风风道的出风口流出的风流经所述第一换热器后流向所述服务器，以使流经所述第一换热器的风能够通过所述服务器的进风口 进入所述服务器内。
可选地，所述服务器包括中央处理器、硬盘驱动器、网络接口控制器、双列直插式存储模块以及电源；
所述中央处理器上设置有冷板，所述第二换热器的第二冷却液出口与所述冷板的冷却液入口连接，所述冷板的冷却液出口与所述第二换热器的第二冷却液入口连接，所述冷板的冷却液入口为所述服务器的冷却液入口，所述冷板的冷却液出口为所述服务器的冷却液出口；
所述中央处理器、所述硬盘驱动器、所述网络接口控制器、所述双列直插式存储模块以及所述电源均设置在所述服务器的进风口与所述服务器的出风口之间。
可选地，所述服务器的进风口与所述服务器的出风口相对设置，所述硬盘驱动器和所述网络接口控制器均靠近所述服务器的进风口设置，所述电源靠近所述服务器的出风口设置，所述中央处理器和所述双列直插式存储模块位于所述硬盘驱动器和所述网络接口控制器与所述电源之间。
可选地，所述中央处理器和所述冷板均为多个，多个所述冷板与多个所述中央处理器一一对应设置，多个所述冷板相互串联或相互并联。
可选地，所述机柜包括多个所述服务器，所述机柜还包括分水器和集水器，所述分水器包括分水管、设置在所述分水管上的第一进水端口和第一出水端口，所述第一出水端口为多个，所述集水器包括集水管、设置在所述集水管上的第二进水端口和第二出水端口，所述第二进水端口为多个；
所述第二换热器的第二冷却液出口与所述第一进水端口连接，每个所述第一出水端口和与其对应的所述服务器的冷却液入口连接，每个所述第二进水端口和与其对应的所述服务器的冷却液出口连接，所述第二出水端口与所述第二换热器的第二冷却液入口连接。
可选地，第二换热器的第二冷却液出口处设置有过滤装置、杀菌装置、除垢装置中的至少一者。
可选地，所述风冷单元还包括安装结构，所述安装结构上形成有进风孔和出风孔，所述第一换热器和所述风扇安装在所述安装结构上并位于所述进风孔和所述出风孔之间；
其中，所述回风风道的出风口与所述进风孔连接；或者，所述安装结构用于设置在机房中，并将所述机房内部分隔成第一空间和第二空间，所述进风孔位于所述安装结构靠近所述第一空间的一侧，所述出风孔位于所述安装结构靠近所述第二空间的一侧，所述服务器设置在所述第二空间内，所述回风风道的出风口与所述第一空间连通。
可选地，所述风冷单元还包括空气滤网，所述空气滤网设置在所述进风孔处。
可选地，所述数据中心冷却系统还包括第一水泵和第二水泵，所述第一水泵用于将从所述冷却塔的冷却液出口流出的冷却液泵送至所述第一换热器和所述第二换热器，所述第二水泵用于将从所述第二换热器的第二冷却液出口流出的冷却液泵送至所述服务器。
可选地，所述数据中心冷却系统还包括第一开关阀和第二开关阀，所述第一开关阀设置在所述第一换热器的冷却液出口和/或所述第二换热器的第一冷却液出口处，所述第二开关阀设置在所述服务器的冷却液入口处。
根据本公开提供的第二个方面，提供一种数据中心，包括如上所述的数据中心冷却系统。
在对服务器进行冷却的过程中，冷却塔的冷却液出口流出的温度较低的冷却液一部分流入第一换热器内，另一部分流入第二换热器内。当风扇运转时，从回风风道的出风口流出的在服务器内吸收热量的热风流经第一换热器，并与第一换热器内的冷却液进行热量交换，使得在服务器内吸收热量的热风的温度降低，该温度降低的风吹向服务器内，继续对服务器进行冷却，实现对服务器的风冷。吸收服务器热量后的温度较高的冷却液从服务器的冷却液出口流出，并通过第二换热器的第二冷却液入口流入第二换热器，在第二换热器中，吸收服务器热量后的温度较高的冷却液与从冷却塔流出的温度较低的冷却液发生热量交换，以使第二换热器的第二冷却液出口流出温度较低的冷却液，该冷却液流向服务器以吸收服务器的热量。从第一换热器的冷却液出口和从第二换热器的第一冷却液出口流出的吸热后的冷却液最终回到冷却塔中并将热量排放至大气。
通过上述技术方案，本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统通过冷却塔将服务器的热量排放至大气中，也就是说，对服务器进行液冷和风冷的冷量均来自于冷却塔。根据统计数据显示，现有数据中心的冷却占机房总功耗的40％左右，而空调冷却机组的运用为导致冷却总功耗增加的重要因素之一，本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统与现有技术中通过空调冷却机组中的多个设备(例如压缩机、膨胀阀、蒸发器、冷凝器)来提供冷量的技术方案相比，本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统无需运用到的空调冷却机组，使得本公开冷却服务器所需的能耗更低，有利于降低数据中心的总能耗，从而降低数据中心的PUE，进而降低碳排放量，助力“碳达峰、碳中和”的目标。
并且，由于本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统中未通过空调冷却机组来进行冷却，即，未使用到氟利昂作为制冷剂，一方面，能够避免氟利昂泄露污染环境的情况发生，另一方面，也可以避免氟化物的排放。由于含氟气体也是一种温室气体，避免含氟气体的排放增大温室效应。
此外，相比于现有技术中通过液冷结合空调补冷的方式对数据中心进行冷却的技术方 案相比，由于本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统架构更为简单，因此，可靠性更高，成本更低，并且在部署数据中心时，能够实现数据中心的快速部署。并且，由于冷却塔的冷却温度与冷却塔所处环境的湿球温度相关，而不是与其所处环境的干球温度(即环境温度)相关，而全球大部分地区的湿球温度均能够满足对冷却塔的冷却液出口流出的冷却液温度的需求，因此，本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统不容易受到地区环境温度的制约，可以应用至全球大部分地区。
通过本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统，可以实现采用35℃-40℃的冷却液对服务器进行液冷，同时通过风扇和第一换热器实现对服务器输送35℃-40℃的风进行风冷。服务器的出风口流出的经过换热后的风的温度约为40℃-45℃，实现了“大风量、小温差”的散热。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是本公开一种示例性实施方式提供的数据中心冷却系统的立体示意图；
图2是本公开一种示例性实施方式提供的数据中心冷却系统的平面示意图；
图3是本公开一种示例性实施方式提供的数据中心冷却系统中冷却塔与第一换热器、第二换热器、服务器之间的连接示意图；
图4是本公开一种示例性实施方式提供的数据中心冷却系统中多个机柜与回风通道之间的布置位置的示意图；
图5是本公开一种示例性实施方式提供的数据中心冷却系统的服务器的内部示意图，其中，箭头指向的方向为风流的流动方向；
图6是本公开一种示例性实施方式提供的数据中心冷却系统的第一换热器与风扇的配合示意图。
附图标记说明
1-机房；10-冷却塔；20-风冷单元；21-第一换热器；22-风扇；23-回风风道；30-液冷单元；31-第二换热器；40-机柜；41-服务器；410-中央处理器；420-硬盘驱动器；430-网络接口控制器；440-双列直插式存储模块；450-电源；46-分水器；460-分水管；461-第一进水端口；462-第一出水端口；47-集水器；470-集水管；471-第二进水端口；472-第二出水端口；48-服务器的进风口；49-服务器的出风口；50-冷板；60-第一空间；70-第二空间；80-第一 水泵；90-第二水泵；95-第一开关阀；96-第二开关阀；100-出风孔。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
在本公开中，在未作相反说明的情况下，“连接”可以是直接连接，也可以是间接连接，“内、外”是指相应结构或部件轮廓的内、外；“远、近”是指距离相应结构或者部件的远、近。
随着电子信息系统机房IT设备高密度的集成化，解决设备散热及机房散热量日渐趋高的现象开始受到了各界强烈关注。而根据研究显示，IT/电信相关的碳排放已经成为最大的温室气体排放源之一，由此一年产生的碳排放为8.6亿吨，且该领域的排放势头还在随着全球对计算、数据存储和通信技术需求的增长快速上升。即使人们大力提高设备、机房等装置和数据中心的能效，到2020年，全球IT相关碳排放也将达到15.4亿吨。所以越来越多的人开始关注绿色机房的建设。
PUE(Power Usage Effectiveness，电源使用效率)值已经成为国际上比较通行的数据中心电力使用效率的衡量指标。PUE值是指数据中心消耗的所有能源与IT负载消耗的能源之比。PUE值越接近于1，表示一个数据中心的绿色化程度越高。当前，我国的大多数数据中心的PUE值在2-3之间。因此，如何降低数据中心的PUE值，减少数据中心相关的碳排放至关重要。
有鉴于此，根据本公开提供的第一个方面，提供一种数据中心冷却系统，参考图1-图6所示，该数据中心冷却系统包括冷却塔10、风冷单元20、液冷单元30以及机柜40，风冷单元20包括第一换热器21、风扇22以及回风风道23，液冷单元30包括第二换热器31，机柜40包括服务器41。
其中，冷却塔10的冷却液出口与第一换热器21的冷却液入口和第二换热器31的第一冷却液入口连接，第一换热器21的冷却液出口和第二换热器31的第一冷却液出口与冷却塔10的冷却液入口连接，第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口与服务器41的冷却液入口连接，服务器41的冷却液出口与第二换热器31的第二冷却液入口连接，即，第一换热器21和第二换热器31相互并联。回风风道23的进风口与服务器41的出风口49连接并用于将从服务器41的出风口49流出的风输向第一换热器21，风扇22用于使回风风道23的出风口流出的风流经第一换热器21后流向服务器41，以使流经第一换热器21的风能够通过服务器41的进风口48进入服务器41内。
在对服务器41进行冷却的过程中，冷却塔10的冷却液出口流出的温度较低的冷却液一部分流入第一换热器21内，另一部分流入第二换热器31内。当风扇22运转时，从回风风道23的出风口流出的在服务器41内吸收热量的热风流经第一换热器21，并与第一换热器21内的冷却液进行热量交换，使得在服务器41内吸收热量的热风的温度降低，该温度降低的风吹向服务器41内，继续对服务器41进行冷却，实现对服务器41的风冷。吸收服务器41热量后的温度较高的冷却液从服务器41的冷却液出口流出，并通过第二换热器31的第二冷却液入口流入第二换热器31，在第二换热器31中，吸收服务器41热量后的温度较高的冷却液与从冷却塔10流出的温度较低的冷却液发生热量交换，以使第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口流出温度较低的冷却液，该冷却液流向服务器41以吸收服务器41的热量。从第一换热器21的冷却液出口和从第二换热器31的第一冷却液出口流出的吸热后的冷却液最终回到冷却塔10中并将热量排放至大气。
通过上述技术方案，本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统通过冷却塔10将服务器41的热量排放至大气中，也就是说，对服务器41进行液冷和风冷的冷量均来自于冷却塔10。根据统计数据显示，现有数据中心的冷却占机房1总功耗的40％左右，而空调冷却机组的运用为导致冷却总功耗增加的重要因素之一，本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统与现有技术中通过空调冷却机组中的多个设备(例如压缩机、膨胀阀、蒸发器、冷凝器)来提供冷量的技术方案相比，本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统无需运用到空调冷却机组，使得本公开冷却服务器所需的能耗更低，有利于降低数据中心的总能耗，从而降低数据中心的PUE，进而降低碳排放量，助力“碳达峰、碳中和”的目标。
并且，由于本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统中未通过空调冷却机组来进行冷却，即，未使用到氟利昂作为制冷剂，一方面，能够避免氟利昂泄露污染环境的情况发生，另一方面，也可以避免氟化物的排放。由于含氟气体也是一种温室气体，避免含氟气体的排放增大温室效应。
此外，相比于现有技术中通过液冷结合空调补冷的方式对数据中心进行冷却的技术方案，由于本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统架构更为简单，因此，可靠性更高，成本更低，在部署数据中心时，能够实现数据中心的快速部署。并且，由于冷却塔10的冷却温度与冷却塔10所处环境的湿球温度相关，而不是与其所处环境的干球温度(即环境温度)相关，而全球大部分地区的湿球温度均能够满足对冷却塔10的冷却液出口流出的冷却液温度的需求，因此，本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统不容易受到地区环境温度的制约，可以应用至全球大部分地区。
通过本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统，可以实现采用35℃-40℃的冷却液对服务器41 进行液冷，同时通过风扇22和第一换热器21实现对服务器41输送35℃-40℃的风进行风冷。服务器41的出风口49流出的经过换热后的风的温度约为40℃-45℃，实现了对服务器41进行“大风量、小温差”的散热。
可选地，上述第一换热器21、第二换热器31以及风扇22的数量可以为一个也可以为多个，本公开对此不作限定。
可选地，上述冷却塔10可以为开式冷却塔、闭式冷却塔、自然通风冷却塔、机械通风冷却塔、混合通风冷却塔、湿式冷却塔、干式冷却塔、干湿式冷却塔等，本公开对冷却塔10的具体类型、数量、尺寸、形状等均不作限定。
作为一种实施方式，如图5所示，上述服务器41包括中央处理器410(central processing unit，CPU)、硬盘驱动器420(Hard Disk Drive，HDD)、网络接口控制器430(network interface controller，NIC)、双列直插式存储模块440(Dual Inline Memory Modules，DIMM)以及电源450(Power supply unit，PSU)；中央处理器410上设置有冷板50，第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口与冷板50的冷却液入口连接，冷板50的冷却液出口与第二换热器31的第二冷却液入口连接，冷板50的冷却液入口为服务器41的冷却液入口，冷板50的冷却液出口为服务器41的冷却液出口；中央处理器410、硬盘驱动器420、网络接口控制器430、双列直插式存储模块440以及电源450均设置在服务器41的进风口48与服务器41的出风口49之间。
在数据中心冷却系统对服务器41冷却的过程中，第二换热器31内的冷却液通过第二冷却液出口经冷板50的冷却液入口进入到冷板50内，位于冷板50内的冷却液在与中央处理器410进行热交换，吸收中央处理器410的热量，实现对中央处理器410的液冷，从冷板50的冷却液出口流出的冷却液可以与从冷却塔10流向第二换热器31内的冷却液进行热交换，从而将中央处理器410的热量带至冷却塔10并释放到大气中。由于中央处理器410、硬盘驱动器420、网络接口控制器430、双列直插式存储模块440以及电源450均设置在服务器41的进风口48与服务器41的出风口49之间，在风扇22向数据中心的内部吹送流经第一换热器21的温度较低的风的过程中，风从服务器41的进风口48流入，并从服务器41的出风口49流出，风在服务器41内部流动的过程中能够带走中央处理器410、硬盘驱动器420、网络接口控制器430、双列直插式存储模块440以及电源450的热量，实现对中央处理器410、硬盘驱动器420、网络接口控制器430、双列直插式存储模块440以及电源450的冷却。
这里，在本公开提供的数据中心冷却系统中，中央处理器410通过冷板50进行液冷，可以先有效降低中央处理器410的温度，避免在风从服务器41的进风口48流向服务器41 的出风口49的过程中，将中央处理器410的热量带出而导致服务器41内部的温度过高，从而反向加热硬盘驱动器420、网络接口控制器430、双列直插式存储模块440以及电源450，或者影响服务器41内部的风对硬盘驱动器420、网络接口控制器430、双列直插式存储模块440以及电源450的散热，进而确保冷却效果和冷却效率。
可选地，在本公开提供的一种实施方式中，如图5所示，服务器41的进风口48与服务器41的出风口49可以相对设置，硬盘驱动器420和网络接口控制器430均靠近服务器41的进风口48设置，电源450靠近服务器41的出风口49设置，中央处理器410和双列直插式存储模块440位于硬盘驱动器420和网络接口控制器430与电源450之间。由于硬盘驱动器420与网络接口控制器430对温度的承受能力较弱，而服务器41的进风口48处的风的温度较低，因此硬盘驱动器420与网络接口控制器430靠近服务器41的进风口48设置的，以确保对硬盘驱动器420与网络接口控制器430的冷却，而电源450能够承受中温或高温的能力较强，因此电源450靠近服务器41的出风口49设置。
通过上述布置方式，在风从服务器41的进风口48进入到服务器41内后，会依次吹过硬盘驱动器420、网络接口控制器430、双列直插式存储模块440、中央处理器410以及电源450，再从服务器41的出风口49流出，从而使的服务器41内部的硬盘驱动器420、网络接口控制器430、双列直插式存储模块440、中央处理器410以及电源450的冷却需求均能得到满足。
这里，如图5所示，中央处理器410和冷板50可以均为多个，多个冷板50与多个中央处理器410一一对应设置，多个冷板50可以相互串联或相互并联。
对于多个冷板50之间相互串联的实施例而言，具有结构件简单、且便于保证每一冷板50内冷却液的流量大致相同的优点。在液冷单元30对多个冷板50进行冷却降温的过程中，从第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口流出的冷却液可以先进入到第一个冷板50内，接着再依次流向下一个冷板50，并最终从最后一个冷板50的冷却液出口流出，这里，需要说明的是，为了避免冷却液在吸收了位于上游的中央处理器410的热量后温度升高，影响到对下一中央处理器410的热量的吸收，在本公开中，可以通过增大第二换热器31流向冷板50内的冷却液的流量的方式来减小相邻冷板50之间冷却液之间的温度差值，使得每一个中央处理器410都能得到较好的冷却效果。
对于多个冷板50之间相互并联的实施例而言，温度较低的冷却液可以分别流经不同的冷板50，冷却液在流动过程中不会受到相邻的中央处理器410的热交换的干扰，并且，正是由于不同冷板50内的冷却液相互独立，因此可以通过控制不同冷板50内流过的冷却液的流量来实现对多个中央处理器410散热的精准控制。
可选地，在本公开中，如图3所示，为了提高数据中心的集成度，机柜40可以包括多个服务器41，机柜40还可以包括分水器46和集水器47，分水器46包括分水管460、设置在分水管460上的第一进水端口461和第一出水端口462，第一出水端口462为多个，集水器47包括集水管470、设置在集水管470上的第二进水端口471和第二出水端口472，第二进水端口471为多个；第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口与第一进水端口461连接，每个第一出水端口462和与其对应的服务器41的冷却液入口连接，每个第二进水端口471和与其对应的服务器41的冷却液出口连接，第二出水端口472与第二换热器31的第二冷却液入口连接。
也就是说，在对服务器41进行冷却散热过程中，冷却液通过第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口经分水器46的第一进水端口461进入到分水管460中，分水管460上设置有与对应服务器41的冷却液入口连接的第一出水端口462，这样，进入到分水器46内的冷却液通过第一出水端口462进入到对应的服务器41中，吸收服务器41的热量后经集水器47的第二进水端口471流入到集水管470内，随后，流入到集水管470内的高温冷却液在与从冷却塔10流出的低温冷却液进行换热后，重新变成低温冷却液流入到分水器46中，如此循环，实现对多个服务器41的不间断冷却散热。
在本公开中，由于从第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口直接流入到设置在中央处理器410上的冷板50内，中央处理器410作为服务器41的核心部件，对冷却液的洁净度具有较高的要求，可选地，第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口处可以设置有过滤装置、杀菌装置、除垢装置中的至少一者。通过在第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口处可以设置过滤装置、杀菌装置、除垢装置，可以提升在冷板50内循环流动的冷却液的洁净度，避免或减少冷却液在冷版内发生堵塞、流动不畅等状况，进一步提升对中央处理器410的散热效率及效果。
可选地，机柜40可以为多个，多个机柜40内的服务器41相互并联，以使第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口流出的冷却液能够分成多股并流向不同的机柜40内的服务器41。
对于机柜40为多个的情况而言，如图4所示，一个机柜40的服务器41的出风口49可以与另一个机柜40的服务器41的出风口49相对设置，且该两个服务器41的出风口49位于该两个服务器41的进风口48之间，从而便于布置回风通道23。
可选地，风冷单元20还可以包括安装结构，安装结构上形成有进风孔和出风孔100，第一换热器21和风扇22安装在安装结构上并位于进风孔和出风孔100之间。在本公开提供的一种实施方式中，回风风道23的出风口与进风孔连接。这样，从回风风道23的出风口流出的吸收了服务器41的热量的热风可以经安装结构的进风孔流至第一换热器21处，该吸收了服务器41热量的气流在经过第一换热器21的冷却降温后，风扇22重新将经第一 换热器21散热后的气流通过安装结构的出风孔吹向服务器41，如此循环。由于回风风道23的出风口与进风孔连接，可以保证吸收了服务器41热量的风全部流经第一换热器21进行换热。
在本公开提供的另一种实施方式中，如图1-图2所示，安装结构用于设置在机房1中，并将机房1内部分隔成第一空间60和第二空间70，进风孔位于安装结构靠近第一空间60的一侧，出风孔100位于安装结构靠近第二空间70的一侧，服务器41设置在第二空间70内，回风风道23的出风口与第一空间60连通。从回风风道23的出风口流出的吸收了服务器41的热量的热风可以流到第一空间60内，由于第一空间60和第二空间70通过安装结构隔开，第一空间60内的热风并不会流到第二空间70内导致第二空间70内的服务器的温度升高，第一空间60内的热风可以在风扇22的作用下流经第一换热器21换热。
上述两个实施例的区别在于，当回风风道23的出风口与安装结构的进风孔连接时，安装结构可以不对机房1的内部空间进行隔断，而当安装结构对机房1的内部空间进行隔断时，回风风道23的出风口可以与安装结构的进风孔连接，也可以不连接。
可选地，风扇22可以靠近安装结构的进风孔设置，也可以靠近安装结构的出风孔100设置，本公开对此不作限定。
可选地，为了避免气流夹带灰尘等杂质进入到服务器41内，在本公开中，风冷单元20还包括空气滤网，空气滤网设置在进风孔处。空气滤网可以对进入到数据中心前的风流起到过滤作用，阻止风流中携带的灰尘进入到服务器41的内部，以保障服务器41的运行环境。
可选地，如图1-图2所示，数据中心冷却系统还包括第一水泵80和第二水泵90，第一水泵80用于将从冷却塔10的冷却液出口流出的冷却液泵送至第一换热器21和第二换热器31，第二水泵90用于将从第二换热器31的第二冷却液出口流出的冷却液泵送至服务器41。第一水泵80可以为冷却液在第一换热器21内的流动提供驱动力，第二水泵90可以为冷却液在第二换热器31内的流动提供驱动力，从而使得冷却液能够源源不断的在第一换热器21和第二换热器31内循环，实现对数据中心的不间断降温散热。这里，可以通过调整第一水泵80和第二水泵90转速的调节，来与服务器41的降温散热需求相匹配，具体的，当服务器41的散热需求增大时，可以对应调高第一水泵80、第二水泵90的转速，这样，单位时间内具有更大的量的冷却液与服务器41进行换热，提高与服务器41的换热效率；当数据中心的散热需求减小时，可以对应调低第一水泵80、第二水泵90的转速，在能满足服务器41的散热需求的同时，降低第一水泵80、第二水泵90的能耗。
可选地，数据中心冷却系统还包括第一开关阀95和第二开关阀96，如图1-图2所示， 第一开关阀95设置在第一换热器21的冷却液出口和/或第二换热器31的第一冷却液出口处，第二开关阀96设置在服务器41的冷却液入口处。由于，第一开关阀95设置在第一换热器21的冷却液出口和/或第二换热器31的第一冷却液出口处，第一换热器21和第二换热器31既可以同时运作，也可以单独运作。以第二换热器31的第一冷却液出口处设置有第一开关阀95的实施例为例，当第一开关阀95关闭时，冷却塔10的冷却液出口流出的冷却液不会再源源不断地流入第二换热器31，仅源源不断地流入第一换热器21，从而可以仅通过风冷单元20实现对服务器41的持续风冷，而不通过液冷单元30对服务器41进行持续液冷，这样，可以通过服务器41的当前温度对其冷却方式进行选择，更加利于降低数据中心冷却系统的能耗。由于第二开关阀96设置在服务器41的冷却液入口处，可以通过开启或关闭第二开关阀96实现对进入服务器41的冷却液的导通和截断，对于服务器41为多个的实施例而言，可以使冷却液进入需要被散热的服务器41内，避免冷却液流经不需要散热的服务器41而导致冷却液的冷量没有得到有效地利用。
为了进一步降低该数据中心冷却系统的成本，上文提到的冷却液可以为水，水的价格低廉、补给方便，且在换热过程中不会对大气环境造成污染。
根据本公开提供的第二个方面，提供一种数据中心，包括如上的数据中心冷却系统。数据中心具有上述数据中心冷却系统的全部技术效果，这里不作赘述。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种数据中心冷却系统，其包括冷却塔(10)、风冷单元(20)、液冷单元(30)以及机柜(40)，所述风冷单元(20)包括第一换热器(21)、风扇(22)以及回风风道(23)，所述液冷单元(30)包括第二换热器(31)，所述机柜(40)包括服务器(41)；
    所述冷却塔(10)的冷却液出口与所述第一换热器(21)的冷却液入口和所述第二换热器(31)的第一冷却液入口连接，所述第一换热器(21)的冷却液出口和所述第二换热器(31)的第一冷却液出口与所述冷却塔(10)的冷却液入口连接，所述第二换热器(31)的第二冷却液出口与所述服务器(41)的冷却液入口连接，所述服务器(41)的冷却液出口与所述第二换热器(31)的第二冷却液入口连接；
    所述回风风道(23)的进风口与所述服务器(41)的出风口(49)连接并用于将从所述服务器(41)的出风口(49)流出的风输向所述第一换热器(21)，所述风扇(22)用于使所述回风风道(23)的出风口流出的风流经所述第一换热器(21)后流向所述服务器(41)，以使流经所述第一换热器(21)的风能够通过所述服务器(41)的进风口(48)进入所述服务器(41)内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的数据中心冷却系统，其中，所述服务器(41)包括中央处理器(410)、硬盘驱动器(420)、网络接口控制器(430)、双列直插式存储模块(440)以及电源(450)；
    所述中央处理器(410)上设置有冷板(50)，所述第二换热器(31)的第二冷却液出口与所述冷板(50)的冷却液入口连接，所述冷板(50)的冷却液出口与所述第二换热器(31)的第二冷却液入口连接，所述冷板(50)的冷却液入口为所述服务器(41)的冷却液入口，所述冷板(50)的冷却液出口为所述服务器(41)的冷却液出口；
    所述中央处理器(410)、所述硬盘驱动器(420)、所述网络接口控制器(430)、所述双列直插式存储模块(440)以及所述电源(450)均设置在所述服务器(41)的进风口(48)与所述服务器(41)的出风口(49)之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的数据中心冷却系统，其中，所述服务器(41)的进风口(48)与所述服务器(41)的出风口(49)相对设置，所述硬盘驱动器(420)和所述网络接口控制器(430)均靠近所述服务器(41)的进风口(48)设置，所述电源(450)靠近所述服务器(41)的出风口(49)设置，所述中央处理器(410)和所述双列直插式存储模块(440)位于所述硬盘驱动器(420)和所述网络接口控制器(430)与所述电源(450)之间。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的数据中心冷却系统，其中，所述中央处理器(410)和所述冷板(50)均为多个，多个所述冷板(50)与多个所述中央处理器(410)一一对应设置， 多个所述冷板(50)相互串联或相互并联。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的数据中心冷却系统，其中，所述机柜(40)包括多个所述服务器(41)，所述机柜(40)还包括分水器(46)和集水器(47)，所述分水器(46)包括分水管(460)、设置在所述分水管(460)上的第一进水端口(461)和第一出水端口(462)，所述第一出水端口(462)为多个，所述集水器(47)包括集水管(470)、设置在所述集水管(470)上的第二进水端口(471)和第二出水端口(472)，所述第二进水端口(471)为多个；
    所述第二换热器(31)的第二冷却液出口与所述第一进水端口(461)连接，每个所述第一出水端口(462)和与其对应的所述服务器(41)的冷却液入口连接，每个所述第二进水端口(471)和与其对应的所述服务器(41)的冷却液出口连接，所述第二出水端口(472)与所述第二换热器(31)的第二冷却液入口连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的数据中心冷却系统，其中，第二换热器(31)的第二冷却液出口处设置有过滤装置、杀菌装置、除垢装置中的至少一者。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的数据中心冷却系统，其中，所述风冷单元(20)还包括安装结构，所述安装结构上形成有进风孔和出风孔(100)，所述第一换热器(21)和所述风扇(22)安装在所述安装结构上并位于所述进风孔和所述出风孔(100)之间；
    其中，所述回风风道(23)的出风口与所述进风孔连接；或者，所述安装结构用于设置在机房(1)中，并将所述机房(1)内部分隔成第一空间(60)和第二空间(70)，所述进风孔位于所述安装结构靠近所述第一空间(60)的一侧，所述出风孔(100)位于所述安装结构靠近所述第二空间(70)的一侧，所述服务器(41)设置在所述第二空间(70)内，所述回风风道(23)的出风口与所述第一空间(60)连通。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的数据中心冷却系统，其中，所述风冷单元(20)还包括空气滤网，所述空气滤网设置在所述进风孔处。
  9. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项或7-8中任一项所述的数据中心冷却系统，其中，所述数据中心冷却系统还包括第一水泵(80)和第二水泵(90)，所述第一水泵(80)用于将从所述冷却塔(10)的冷却液出口流出的冷却液泵送至所述第一换热器(21)和所述第二换热器(31)，所述第二水泵(90)用于将从所述第二换热器(31)的第二冷却液出口流出的冷却液泵送至所述服务器(41)。
  10. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项或7-8中任一项所述的数据中心冷却系统，其中，所述数据中心冷却系统还包括第一开关阀(95)和第二开关阀(96)，所述第一开关阀(95)设置在所述第一换热器(21)的冷却液出口和/或所述第二换热器(31)的第一冷却液出口处， 所述第二开关阀(96)设置在所述服务器(41)的冷却液入口处。
  11. 一种数据中心，其包括如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的数据中心冷却系统。
PCT/CN2022/138713 2021-12-30 2022-12-13 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心 WO2023124976A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111658729.4A CN114269129A (zh) 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心
CN202111658729.4 2021-12-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023124976A1 true WO2023124976A1 (zh) 2023-07-06

Family

ID=80832031

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/138713 WO2023124976A1 (zh) 2021-12-30 2022-12-13 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114269129A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023124976A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117202636A (zh) * 2023-09-25 2023-12-08 扬州智能科技有限公司 一种机房空调的控制系统
CN117424115B (zh) * 2023-10-28 2024-04-19 浙江诺电电力科技有限公司 一种便于散热的高压开关站

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114269129A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-01 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心
CN115226375A (zh) * 2022-07-13 2022-10-21 北京有竹居网络技术有限公司 冷却系统
CN117560889A (zh) * 2022-08-03 2024-02-13 超聚变数字技术有限公司 冷却介质分配装置、散热机柜及服务器系统
CN218514728U (zh) * 2022-08-16 2023-02-21 北京比特大陆科技有限公司 冷却集成系统
CN116583092B (zh) * 2023-07-10 2023-09-08 深圳安森德半导体有限公司 一种dcdc稳压器的高温防护设备

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108834366A (zh) * 2018-06-08 2018-11-16 贵州绿云科技有限公司 一种数据机房空调系统
CN111031770A (zh) * 2020-01-15 2020-04-17 许昌许继晶锐科技有限公司 一种服务器机柜及服务器用换热设备柜
US10912229B1 (en) * 2019-08-15 2021-02-02 Baidu Usa Llc Cooling system for high density racks with multi-function heat exchangers
CN113365477A (zh) * 2021-06-22 2021-09-07 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 冷却装置、机柜及数据处理设备
CN114269129A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-01 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心
CN216626506U (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-27 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108834366A (zh) * 2018-06-08 2018-11-16 贵州绿云科技有限公司 一种数据机房空调系统
US10912229B1 (en) * 2019-08-15 2021-02-02 Baidu Usa Llc Cooling system for high density racks with multi-function heat exchangers
CN111031770A (zh) * 2020-01-15 2020-04-17 许昌许继晶锐科技有限公司 一种服务器机柜及服务器用换热设备柜
CN113365477A (zh) * 2021-06-22 2021-09-07 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 冷却装置、机柜及数据处理设备
CN114269129A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-01 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心
CN216626506U (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-27 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117202636A (zh) * 2023-09-25 2023-12-08 扬州智能科技有限公司 一种机房空调的控制系统
CN117424115B (zh) * 2023-10-28 2024-04-19 浙江诺电电力科技有限公司 一种便于散热的高压开关站

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114269129A (zh) 2022-04-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2023124976A1 (zh) 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心
WO2016155081A1 (zh) 液冷装置和辅助散热装置结合的服务器机柜散热系统
CN104703447B (zh) 自然冷却冷水装置和液冷装置结合的服务器散热系统
CN104699207A (zh) 风冷自然冷却热管空调和液冷装置结合的服务器散热系统
CN107182190B (zh) 一种专用于对服务器进行散热的系统
CN110351986B (zh) 具有复合冷源的分区内冷型机柜散热系统
CN212116000U (zh) 一种用于数据中心的风冷和水冷复合蒸发冷却空调系统
CN111295085A (zh) 基于风冷和水冷复合单元的数据中心用蒸发冷却空调系统
CN104703449A (zh) 门式热管空调和液冷装置结合的服务器机柜散热系统
WO2024037386A1 (zh) 冷却系统
CN112333989B (zh) 适用于高热密度数据中心的微通道液冷耦合风冷系统
CN109163399A (zh) 减少主机运行时间的冷水系统
CN111447787A (zh) 基于数据中心机房的蒸发自然冷却空调系统
CN216626506U (zh) 数据中心冷却系统及数据中心
CN110996618A (zh) 一种数据中心、机房的水冷型相变冷却方法及装置
CN104699208A (zh) 水环自然冷却热管空调和液冷装置结合的服务器散热系统
CN204466136U (zh) 门式热管空调和液冷装置结合的服务器机柜散热系统
CN204650407U (zh) 风冷自然冷却热管空调和液冷装置结合的服务器散热系统
CN107809894B (zh) 一种数据中心机柜的冷却装置
CN204425887U (zh) 液冷装置和辅助散热装置结合的服务器散热系统
CN211953105U (zh) 冷却系统
CN206909031U (zh) 一种专用于对服务器进行散热的系统
CN206895121U (zh) 一种能够同时实现对cpu芯片和服务器进行散热的系统
CN212393134U (zh) 支持中温供水的高效、节能、低pue的冷却系统
WO2023125009A1 (zh) 数据中心

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22914231

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1