WO2023124832A1 - 一种防爆阀、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

一种防爆阀、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023124832A1
WO2023124832A1 PCT/CN2022/136970 CN2022136970W WO2023124832A1 WO 2023124832 A1 WO2023124832 A1 WO 2023124832A1 CN 2022136970 W CN2022136970 W CN 2022136970W WO 2023124832 A1 WO2023124832 A1 WO 2023124832A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
front cover
battery
explosion
main body
hook
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/136970
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余效银
陈彬彬
黄智杰
潘鑫
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023124832A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023124832A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H01M50/333—Spring-loaded vent valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • lithium batteries Due to the advantages of high energy density and light weight, lithium batteries are widely used in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, aerospace and other technical fields. Safety performance is an important factor limiting the development of lithium batteries.
  • an explosion-proof valve is provided on the casing of the battery.
  • the explosion-proof valve can release the pressure of the battery when the internal pressure of the battery is high, so as to reduce the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery, thereby reducing the probability of thermal failure of the battery.
  • the pressure relief capability of the explosion-proof valve in the related art is not too high, which leads to insufficient safety performance of the battery.
  • the explosion-proof valve needs to be removed, which makes it difficult to maintain the inside of the battery.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an explosion-proof valve, a battery and an electrical device, so as to improve the pressure relief performance of the explosion-proof valve, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery and reducing the difficulty of maintenance inside the battery.
  • the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides an explosion-proof valve.
  • the explosion-proof valve includes a main body, a front cover connected to the main body, a guide rod, a buckle structure and a control structure.
  • the guide rod is connected with the main body and placed in the main body;
  • the buckle structure includes a claw part arranged on the front cover and a buckle part arranged on the guide rod, and the buckle part can move along the axis direction of the guide rod,
  • the buckle structure includes a buckle part arranged on the front cover and a claw part arranged on the guide rod, and the claw part can move along the axial direction of the guide rod, and the buckle part is engaged with the claw part;
  • the control structure It is arranged on the side of the front cover away from the buckle structure, and the control structure is connected with the buckle structure for controlling the disconnection of the claw part from the buckle part.
  • the explosion-proof valve can be installed on the box body of the battery, and the inside of the explosion-proof valve communicates with the inside of the battery.
  • the front cover moves outward under the action of the internal and external pressure difference of the battery, driving the buckle structure to move along the axis of the guide rod, thus, the front cover opens to release the air pressure inside the battery , to reduce the internal and external pressure difference of the battery.
  • the buckle structure drives the front cover to move backward so that the front cover is reconnected with the main body, so that the inside of the battery is in a sealed state again.
  • control structure can be used to control the buckle structure to disconnect, so that the front cover can be opened, so that the inside of the battery can be maintained, and when the maintenance of the inside of the battery is completed, it can be accessed through
  • the control structure reconnects the buckle structure, which can reduce the difficulty of maintenance inside the battery without causing damage to the explosion-proof valve.
  • the claw part is arranged on the front cover, and the control structure is connected with the claw part.
  • the claw part includes a first hook and a second hook that are oppositely arranged.
  • the first hook includes a first end on a side of the front cover close to the main body, and a second end on a side of the front cover away from the main body.
  • the second hook includes a third end located on the side of the front cover close to the main body, and a fourth end located on the front cover away from the main body.
  • the control structure includes the second end and the fourth end, and along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide rod, the second The distance between the second end and the fourth end is adjustable.
  • the buckle part can be released by reducing the distance between the second end and the fourth end through the control structure, so that the front cover and the main body are no longer connected by the buckle structure, the front cover is opened, and the battery can be opened. Internal maintenance, reducing the difficulty of maintenance inside the battery.
  • the explosion-proof valve further includes a fixed housing, the fixed housing is located on the side of the front cover away from the main body, the partial structure of the claw portion located on the side of the front cover away from the main body is placed in the fixed housing, and the second end The fourth end is bent in a direction opposite to that of the fixed housing.
  • the fixed housing limits the adjustable distance range between the second end and the fourth end edge, which reduces the bending of the first hook or the second hook due to excessive adjustment of the second end and the fourth end. The probability of damage such as folding.
  • the buckle part is arranged on the front cover, and the control structure is connected with the buckle part.
  • the claw part includes a third hook and a fourth hook that are oppositely arranged, and there is a gap between the third hook and the fourth hook; the buckle part is engaged with the third hook and the fourth hook, and is used for the control structure.
  • the buckle part is controlled to rotate, so that the buckle part is placed in the gap and disconnected from the third hook and the fourth hook. Therefore, when it is necessary to maintain the inside of the battery, the buckle part can be released by turning the buckle part through the control structure, so that the front cover and the main body are no longer connected by the buckle structure, the front cover is opened, and the inside of the battery can be inspected. Carry out maintenance and reduce the difficulty of maintenance inside the battery.
  • the guide rod includes a first section and a second section connected to the first section, the first section can move along its own axis, and the claw portion or buckle portion is arranged on the first section
  • the explosion-proof valve also includes an elastic element, the elastic element is connected with the first section and the second section, and the elastic element is sleeved on the outside of the first section.
  • the main body and the front cover are hingedly connected.
  • the front cover is rotated at a certain angle relative to the main body, the opening angle and direction of the front cover are controlled, and the gas discharge in the battery is prevented from affecting the functions of other electrical components in the explosion-proof valve, so that the explosion-proof valve can better relieve pressure.
  • the main body includes a first side wall hinged to the front cover, and a second side wall opposite to the first side wall, and the guide rod is closer to the second side wall than the first side wall.
  • the explosion-proof valve further includes a first seal and a second seal, the first seal is located between the front cover and the main body; the second seal is located on a side of the main body away from the front cover.
  • the first seal and the second seal can increase the airtightness of the explosion-proof valve, prevent the gas in the battery from leaking or the outside gas from entering the inside of the battery, and reduce the probability of battery failure.
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a battery, the battery includes any one of the explosion-proof valves described above, and the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the casing of the battery.
  • An embodiment of the third aspect of the present application provides an electric device, the electric device includes the above-mentioned battery, and the battery is used to provide electric energy to the electric device.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an explosion structure diagram of an explosion-proof valve in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an explosion-proof valve in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is another schematic structural view of an explosion-proof valve in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof valve in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is another cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof valve in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is another cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof valve in some embodiments of the present application.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to two or more groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to More than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • lithium batteries In order to improve the safety performance of lithium batteries, lithium batteries mainly use methods such as scoring and welding explosion-proof membranes as explosion-proof devices. Specifically, when the battery heats up, the gas inside the battery expands, and the pressure increases to a certain extent. When the mark or the explosion-proof film is desoldered or ruptured, the gas is released and the pressure is released, thereby avoiding the explosion of the battery, thereby improving the safety performance of the lithium battery.
  • an explosion-proof valve is provided on the battery casing to improve the safety performance of the lithium battery.
  • Explosion-proof valve is a kind of auto parts that can be ventilated, waterproof and explosion-proof. It is currently widely used in new energy electric vehicles.
  • the automotive lithium-ion battery explosion-proof valve integrates the waterproof and breathable membrane with the explosion-proof valve function. It not only has the explosion-proof and blasting damage reduction functions of the traditional explosion-proof valve, but also has the waterproof and breathable function.
  • the general explosion-proof valve relies on gravity to seal the explosion-proof door on the air outlet or install an explosion-proof plate on the air outlet.
  • the internal and external pressure difference of the battery reaches a certain value, that is, when the internal pressure of the battery reaches the maximum withstand pressure of the explosion-proof valve, the internal pressure of the battery will open the cover or explosion-proof disc in the explosion-proof valve to discharge the internal pressure and gas, reducing the internal and external pressure difference.
  • a certain pressure difference between the inside and outside of the explosion-proof valve which makes the pressure relief capacity of the explosion-proof valve not high enough to meet the requirements for high internal and external pressure difference. Process projects, such as spraying, etc.
  • the inventor designed an explosion-proof valve after in-depth research, that is, the explosion-proof valve in this application, which can improve the pressure relief performance of the explosion-proof valve and reduce the probability of thermal failure of the battery, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the front cover of the battery can be opened through the control structure to reduce the difficulty of maintenance inside the battery.
  • the explosion-proof valve can be applied to a battery, and the battery including the explosion-proof valve can be used as a power source of an electric device.
  • the electrical devices can be mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and electric tools, etc., for example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc., electric Toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • Electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools , such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers.
  • a vehicle is used as an example to describe an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the batteries described in the embodiments of the present application are not limited to be applicable to the electric devices described above, but can also be applied to all devices using batteries. However, for the sake of brevity, the following embodiments take electric vehicles as examples for illustration.
  • the vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • a battery 3 , a controller 4 and a motor 2 can be arranged inside the vehicle 1 , and the controller 4 is used to control the battery 3 to supply power to the motor 2 .
  • the battery 3 can be arranged at the bottom or the front or the rear of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 3 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 3 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 , for a circuit system of the vehicle 1 , for example, for starting, navigating, and working power requirements of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 3 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 3 includes a battery cell 31 and a battery case 32, the battery cell 31 is accommodated in the battery case 32, the battery case 32 may include an upper case 321 and a lower case 322, the upper case 321 It is fixedly connected with the lower casing 322 to form an accommodation space.
  • the battery 3 there may be multiple battery cells 31 , and the multiple battery cells 31 may be connected in series, parallel or mixed.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 31 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 31 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole of the plurality of battery cells 31 is accommodated in the battery case 32; of course, the battery 3 can also be a plurality of battery cells 31 are connected in series or in parallel or in combination to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules are connected in series or in parallel or in combination to form a whole and accommodated in the battery case 32 .
  • the battery 3 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 3 may also include a current flow component for realizing electrical connection between a plurality of battery cells 31 . For example, parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection among multiple battery cells 31 is realized.
  • the current-combining component can realize the electrical connection between the battery cells 31 by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells 31 . Further, the current-combining component can be fixedly connected to the electrode terminals of the battery cells 31 by welding. Optionally, the current-combining component may include a conductive mechanism, and the electric energy generated by the plurality of battery cells 31 may be further drawn out through the conductive mechanism through the battery cells 31 .
  • each battery cell 31 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery.
  • the battery cell 31 can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 31 can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes.
  • the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides an explosion-proof valve.
  • FIGS. Structure 105 the guide rod 103 is connected with the main body 101 and placed in the main body 101 .
  • the buckle structure 104 includes a claw portion 1041 disposed on the front cover 102 and a buckle portion 1042 disposed on the guide rod 103, and the buckle portion 1042 can move along the axial direction of the guide rod 103, or the buckle structure 104 includes The buckle part 1042 provided on the front cover 102 and the claw part 1041 provided on the guide rod 103, and the claw part 1041 can move along the axial direction of the guide rod 103, and the buckle part 1042 is engaged with the claw part 1041 .
  • the control structure 105 is disposed on the side of the front cover 102 away from the buckle structure 104 , and the control structure 105 is connected to the buckle structure 104 for controlling the disconnection of the claw portion 1041 from the buckle portion 1042 .
  • the main body 101 is the main structure of the explosion-proof valve 10 .
  • the main body 101 can be a hollow structure.
  • the guide rod 103 is connected to the main body 101 and placed inside the main body 101 .
  • the main body 101 is used to provide accommodation space for the guide rod 103 .
  • the main body 101 is disposed on the battery case 32 and is fixedly connected to the battery case 32 , and the main body 101 communicates with the interior of the battery 3 , so that the main body 101 can provide a release channel for the gas in the battery 3 .
  • the main body 101 may be roughly in the shape of a cuboid or a cylinder.
  • the material of the main body 101 can be metal or plastic, and the material and shape of the main body 101 can be determined according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the front cover 102 is connected to the main body 101 and is located on a side of the main body 101 away from the battery case 32 .
  • the front cover 102 can be used to seal one end of the gas channel formed by the main body 101 to prevent the inside of the battery 3 from communicating with the outside when the battery 3 is in normal operation.
  • the shape of the front cover 102 can be adapted to the shape of the opening of the main body 101. For example, when the main body 101 is in the shape of a cuboid, the front cover 102 can be rectangular; when the main body 101 is in the shape of a cylinder, the front cover 102 can be circular.
  • the buckle structure 104 is a structural component disposed on the front cover 102 and the main body 101 to connect the front cover 102 and the main body 101 .
  • the buckle structure 104 includes a claw portion 1041 and a buckle portion 1042 that are matched and snap-connected.
  • the buckle portion 1042 and the claw portion 1041 are structural components respectively disposed on the front cover 102 and the guide rod 103 to connect the front cover 102 and the guide rod 103 .
  • the claw part 1041 can be arranged on the inner side of the front cover 102, and the corresponding buckle part 1042 can be arranged on the side of the guide rod 103 close to the front cover 102; the claw part 1041 can also be arranged on the guide rod 103 close to the front cover 102 , the corresponding locking portion 1042 is disposed on the inside of the front cover 102 .
  • the front cover 102 receives a certain gas pressure inside the battery, the front cover 102 opens, that is, the front cover 102 moves away from the main body 101, and the front cover 102 drives the claw part 1041 or the buckle part 1042 to move, thereby driving the guide rod 103 moves.
  • the buckle part 1042 or the claw part 1041 can move along the axial direction of the guide rod 103, the buckle part 1042 or the claw part 1041 can move in a direction away from the front cover 102.
  • the buckle part 1042 or the claw part 1041 can drive the front cover 102 to close, that is, drive the front cover 102 to reconnect with the main body 101 .
  • the control structure 105 is arranged on the outside of the front cover 102 and connected to the buckle structure 104. By controlling the position limit of the buckle part 1042 to the claw part 1041, the claw part 1041 and the buckle part 1042 Disconnected structure. Wherein, the control structure 105 can be integrated with the buckle part 1042 or the claw part 1041 .
  • the preset stroke is related to the pressure difference inside and outside the battery, that is, it is related to the maximum safe pressure that the battery 3 can withstand before thermal runaway occurs, so the preset stroke can be set according to the maximum safe pressure that the battery 3 can withstand.
  • the application does not limit the specific value of the preset itinerary.
  • the explosion-proof valve 10 may be installed on the battery case, and the inside of the explosion-proof valve 10 communicates with the inside of the battery.
  • the front cover 102 When the internal air pressure of the battery is greater than the external air pressure of the battery, the front cover 102 will move outwards and open under the action of the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery, driving the buckle structure 104 to move along the axis direction of the guide rod 103, thus, the front cover 102 will open and open the inside of the battery. The air pressure is released to reduce the internal and external pressure difference of the battery.
  • the buckle structure 104 drives the front cover 102 to move backward so that the front cover 102 is reconnected with the main body 101 and the inside of the battery is sealed again. And when the internal and external pressure difference of the battery is too large, the larger pressure difference will make the movement stroke of the front cover 102 larger, so that the buckle structure 104 will be released under the effect of a larger pulling force, and the front cover 102 will no longer be connected with the passing battery.
  • the buckle structure 104 is connected to the main body 101. At this time, the inside and outside of the battery are connected, so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery is close to zero.
  • the explosion-proof valve 10 has a strong pressure relief performance, which can reduce the probability of thermal failure of the battery, thereby improving the performance of the battery. safety performance.
  • the control structure 105 can control the buckle structure 104 to disconnect, so that the front cover 102 can be opened, so that the inside of the battery can be maintained, and when the maintenance of the inside of the battery is completed, , the buckle structure 104 can be reconnected through the control structure 105 , and the maintenance difficulty inside the battery can be reduced without causing damage to the explosion-proof valve 10 .
  • the claw portion 1041 is disposed on the front cover 102 , and the control structure 105 is connected to the claw portion 1041 .
  • the claw portion 1041 includes a first hook 10411 and a second hook 10412 oppositely disposed.
  • the first hook 10411 includes a first end a on the side of the front cover 102 close to the main body 101 , and a first end a on the side of the front cover 102 away from the main body 101 .
  • the second hook 10412 includes a third end c located on the side of the front cover 102 close to the main body 101 , and a fourth end d located on the front cover 102 away from the main body 101 .
  • the control structure 105 includes a second end b and a fourth end d, and the distance between the second end b and the fourth end d is adjustable along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide rod 103 .
  • both the first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 are the main components of the claw part 1041, as shown in Figure 6, at least one end of the first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 is bent A hook portion is formed.
  • the first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 are oppositely arranged, that is, at least one end of the first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 are bent in opposite directions to form a hook portion, specifically, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first end a and the third end c are bent in opposite directions to form a hook portion.
  • the hook parts of the first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 form a receiving space, and the hook parts of the first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 are engaged with the buckle part 1042, so that the buckle part 1042 At least part of the structure is located in the receiving space formed by the first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 , so as to connect the claw portion 1041 and the buckle portion 1042 .
  • the second end b of the first hook 10411 passes through the front cover 102 and is placed outside the front cover 102 .
  • the fourth end d of the second hook 10412 also passes through the front cover 102 and is placed outside the front cover 102 .
  • the control structure 105 includes a second terminal b and a fourth terminal d. Wherein, the first end a and the second end b of the first hook 10411 can be integrated, and the third end c and fourth end d of the second hook 10412 can also be integrated.
  • the distance between the second end b and the fourth end d can be changed, thereby changing the distance between the first end a and the third end c.
  • the size of the accommodation space Specifically, when the second end b and the fourth end d are controlled to approach each other, the distance between the second end b and the fourth end d decreases, and at this time, the first end a and the third end c move away from each other.
  • the buckle part 1042 can be formed by the accommodation space It can be disconnected from the first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 , that is, it can be disconnected from the claw part 1041 .
  • the first end a and the third end c move in the direction of approaching, so that the second end a
  • the distance between the first end a and the third end c is reduced, so that the volume of the accommodation space jointly formed by the first end a and the third end c is reduced.
  • the first end a and the third end c can be re-
  • the buckle part 1042 is limited, and the buckle part 1042 can be reconnected with the first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 , that is, reconnected with the claw part 1041 .
  • first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 can be made of elastic material, such as elastic metal or plastic.
  • elastic material such as elastic metal or plastic.
  • the second end b and the fourth end d can bounce back and reset by their own elastic force , so as to facilitate the reconnection of the first hook 10411 and the second hook 10412 with the buckle portion 1042 .
  • the second end b and the fourth end d can be bent in opposite directions to form a bent part, thereby facilitating the pressing of the second end b and the fourth end d, Therefore, it is convenient to adjust the connection state between the claw part 1041 and the buckle part 1042 by adjusting the distance between the second end b and the fourth end d.
  • the control structure 105 adjusts the second end b and the The distance between the fourth end d can adjust the distance between the third end c and the first end a, so that the claw portion 1041 and the buckle portion 1042 can be repeatedly connected or disconnected. Therefore, when it is necessary to maintain the inside of the battery, the buckle part 1042 can be released by reducing the distance between the second end b and the fourth end d through the control structure 105, so that there is no longer a gap between the front cover 102 and the main body 101.
  • the front cover 102 is opened through the buckle structure 104 connection, and the inside of the battery can be maintained. And when the maintenance is completed, the buckle part 1042 can be reconnected with the claw part 1041 by increasing the distance between the second end b and the fourth end d through the control structure 105, which can be used without causing damage to the explosion-proof valve 10. Next, reduce the difficulty of maintenance inside the battery.
  • the explosion-proof valve 10 further includes a fixed housing 106, the fixed housing 106 is located on the side of the front cover 102 away from the main body 101, and the part of the structure of the claw part 1041 located on the front cover 102 away from the main body 101 is placed in the fixed housing body 106 , and the second end b and the fourth end d are bent in opposite directions to extend out of the fixed housing 106 .
  • the fixed housing 106 is arranged on the outside of the front cover 102, and the fixed housing 106 is a hollow structure to wrap the partial structure of the claw portion 1041 located outside the front cover 102.
  • the shape of the fixed housing 106 may be a cuboid or a cylinder, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the material of the fixed housing 106 may be metal, plastic or rubber, which is not specifically limited in this application. When the materials of the fixed housing 106 and the front cover 102 are both plastic, the fixed housing 106 and the front cover 102 can be integrally injection molded.
  • the fixed housing 106 is used to protect the part of the structure where the claw part 1041 is placed outside the front cover 102 , reducing the probability of damage to the part of the structure where the claw part 1041 is placed outside the front cover 102 .
  • the second end b and the fourth end d are bent in opposite directions and pass through the side wall of the fixed housing 106 to be placed outside the fixed housing 106, when pressing the second end b and the fourth end d , the height of the fixed housing 106 in the vertical direction is the shortest distance between the second end b and the fourth end d, that is, the fixed housing 106 limits the distance between the second end b and the fourth end d.
  • the adjustable distance range between them reduces the probability of damage such as bending of the first hook 10411 or the second hook 10412 due to excessive adjustment of the second end b and the fourth end d.
  • the buckle portion 1042 is disposed on the front cover 102 , and the control structure 105 is connected to the buckle portion 1042 .
  • the claw portion 1041 includes a third hook 10413 and a fourth hook 10414 oppositely disposed, and there is a gap between the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414 .
  • the buckle part 1042 is engaged with the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414, and the control structure 105 is used to control the rotation of the buckle part 1042, so that the buckle part 1042 is placed in the gap and connected with the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10413.
  • the four hooks 10414 are disconnected.
  • both the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414 are the main components of the claw part 1041, as shown in Figure 7, at least one end of the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414 is bent A hook portion is formed, and there is a gap between the hook portions of the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414 .
  • the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414 are respectively connected to the buckle portion 1042 to connect the front cover 102 and the main body 101 .
  • the height of the buckle part 1042 along the vertical direction may be different from the thickness along the horizontal direction, and the vertical direction is the direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide rod 103 , the horizontal direction is a direction parallel to the axis of the guide rod 103 .
  • the height of the buckle part 1042 is greater than the height of the gap between the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414 along the first direction, so the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414 can be respectively engaged with the buckle part
  • the upper and lower sides of 1042 are used to limit the buckle part 1042 , as shown in FIG. 7 , so as to connect the claw part 1041 and the buckle part 1042 .
  • the thickness of the locking part 1042 along the second direction is smaller than the height of the gap between the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414 along the first direction.
  • Angle such as when turning 90 degrees, the buckle part 1042 can be placed in the gap between the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414, as shown in Figure 8, at this time the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414 no longer limits the buckle part 1042, and the buckle part 1042 is disconnected from the claw part 1041.
  • the control structure 105 rotates the buckle part 1042, so that the buckle part 1042 is engaged with the claw part 1041, or the buckle part 1042 is placed between the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414
  • the third hook 10413 and the fourth hook 10414 are disconnected in the gap between them. Therefore, when it is necessary to maintain the inside of the battery, the buckle part 1042 can be released by turning the buckle part 1042 through the control structure 105, so that the front cover 102 and the main body 101 are no longer connected by the buckle structure 104, and the front cover 102 is opened. , you can maintain the inside of the battery.
  • the buckle part 1042 can be reconnected with the claw part 1041 by turning the buckle part 1042 to reset it, which can reduce the difficulty of maintenance inside the battery without causing damage to the explosion-proof valve 10 .
  • the guide rod 103 includes a first section 1031 and a second section 1032 connected to the first section 1031, the first section 1031 can move along its own axis, and the claw part 1041 or the buckle part 1042 is disposed on a side of the first section 1031 away from the second section 1032 .
  • the explosion-proof valve 10 further includes an elastic element 107 connected to the first section 1031 and the second section 1032 , and the elastic element 107 is sleeved on the outside of the first section 1031 .
  • the guide rod 103 is in the shape of a stepped shaft, and the guide rod 103 includes a first segment 1031 and a second segment 1032 in the shape of a cylindrical segment.
  • the first section 1031 can move along its own axis
  • the second section 1032 is fixedly connected with the main body 101
  • the buckle part 1042 or the claw part 1041 is arranged on the side of the first section 1031 away from the second section 1032 .
  • the second section 1032 is hollow, and when the first section 1031 moves along its own axis, part of the structure of the first section 1031 is placed in the second section 1032, and the first Part of the structure of the section 1031 can move along the axis in the second section 1032 .
  • the front cover 102 when the front cover 102 is subjected to the impact force formed by the internal pressure of the battery 3, the front cover 102 drives the buckle part 1042 or the claw part 1041 and the first section 1031 to move along the axis direction of the guide rod 103 , the elastic element 107 is in a stretched state, at this time the front cover 102 is opened and the high-pressure gas inside the battery 3 is discharged from the front cover 102 .
  • the elastic element 107 After the battery is depressurized, the elastic element 107 rebounds, and the resilient force of the elastic element 107 drives the buckle part 1042 or the claw part 1041 to move towards the main body 101, thereby driving the front cover 102 to move towards the main body 101 so that the front cover 102 is reconnected with the main body 101.
  • the main body 101 is connected.
  • the front cover 102 when the front cover 102 is connected with the main body 101 , the front cover 102 is in close contact with the main body 101 under the tension of the spring to ensure the sealing of the explosion-proof valve 10 .
  • the elastic element 107 is also used for buffering when the first section 1031 moves along its own axis.
  • the main body 101 and the front cover 102 are hingedly connected.
  • the main body 101 and the front cover 102 are hingedly connected so that the front cover 102 can rotate relative to the main body 101 at a certain angle.
  • the front cover 102 includes a first side 1021 connected to the top of the main body 101 and a second side 1022 opposite to the first side 1021.
  • the internal and external pressure difference makes the front cover 102 Rotate relative to the main body 101 with the centerline of the hinge as the axis, that is, the first side 1021 of the front cover 102 is still connected to the main body 101 and the second side 1022 moves away from the main body 101 .
  • the pressure difference between the inside and outside makes the front cover 102 open at the second side 1022 , and the opening direction is away from the first side 1021 .
  • the first side 1021 of the front cover 102 can be arranged close to the bottom wall of the case, so that when the front cover 102 is opened, the front cover 102 The opening faces downward, so as to realize the control of the opening angle and direction of the front cover 102, so that the high-pressure gas in the battery is discharged downward, and the impact of the high-pressure gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve 10 on other electrical components in the battery is reduced, so that the explosion-proof valve 10 Can better relieve pressure.
  • the large pressure difference causes the buckle part 1042 and the claw part 1041 in the buckle structure 104 to be disconnected, and the front cover 102 and the main body 101 are no longer through the buckle.
  • the structure 104 is connected, and the first side 1021 of the front cover 102 is still hinged with the main body 101, so that the front cover 102 is not completely separated from the main body 101 and the inside and outside of the battery are connected, so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery is close to zero.
  • the main body 101 includes a first side wall 1011 hinged to the front cover 102, and a second side wall 1012 opposite to the first side wall 1011, and the guide rod 103 is closer to the second side wall 1011 than the first side wall 1011.
  • the side wall 1012 is provided.
  • the first side wall 1011 and the second side wall 1012 are arranged on the main body 101, because the guide rod 103 is arranged closer to the second side wall 1012 relative to the first side wall 1011, so the The claw portion 1041 or the buckle portion 1042 on the guide rod 103 is also disposed closer to the second side wall 1012 than the first side wall 1011 .
  • the position of the guide rod 103 in the main body 101 affects the opening angle of the upper side of the front cover 102 .
  • the guide rod 103 moves from the middle position toward the second side wall 1012 and the moving distance of the first section 1031 of the guide rod 103 is stable, the part of the front cover 102 located on the upper side of the guide rod 103 and the main body 101 The angle between them gradually decreases.
  • setting the guide rod 103 closer to the second side wall 1012 can reduce the angle between the part of the front cover 102 above the guide rod 103 and the main body 101, so that the gas in the battery can be more easily
  • the opening of the front cover 102 below the guide rod 103 is discharged, so that more high-pressure gas in the battery is discharged downward, further reducing the impact of the high-pressure gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve 10 on other electrical components in the battery.
  • the explosion-proof valve 10 further includes a first seal 108 and a second seal 109 .
  • the first seal 108 is located between the front cover 102 and the main body 101 .
  • the second seal 109 is located on a side of the main body 101 away from the front cover 102 .
  • the first seal 108 is located between the front cover 102 and the main body 101
  • the second seal 109 is located between the main body 101 and the battery case.
  • the first seal 108 and the second seal 109 may be seals of the same structure and/or material.
  • the first sealing member 108 and the second sealing member 109 can be sealing rubber strips, and the sealing rubber strips can be respectively arranged around the edges of the two side surfaces of the main body 101 connected with the front cover 102 and the battery case.
  • the first seal 108 and the second seal 109 can also be seal frames, and the shape and size of the seal frame correspond to those of the main body 101 .
  • the first sealing member 108 and the second sealing member 109 can increase the airtightness of the explosion-proof valve 10, prevent the gas in the battery from leaking or the outside gas from entering the battery, and reduce the probability of battery failure.
  • the first seal 108 and the second seal 109 are rubber or plastic.
  • the airtightness inside the explosion-proof valve 10 can be improved, and the sealing members are not easy to age and have a long service life.
  • the first sealing member 108 and the second sealing member 109 are plastic parts, the shape and size of the first sealing member 108 and the second sealing member 109 can vary according to the shape and size of the main body 101 , and the processing technology is simple and the cost is low.
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a battery
  • the battery includes the explosion-proof valve 10 in the embodiment of the first aspect above, and the explosion-proof valve 10 is arranged on the casing of the battery.
  • the explosion-proof valve 10 can be installed on the battery case, and the inside of the explosion-proof valve 10 communicates with the inside of the battery.
  • the front cover 102 When the internal air pressure of the battery is greater than the external air pressure of the battery, the front cover 102 will move outwards and open under the action of the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery, driving the buckle structure 104 to move along the axis direction of the guide rod 103, thus, the front cover 102 will open and open the inside of the battery. The air pressure is released to reduce the internal and external pressure difference of the battery.
  • the buckle structure 104 drives the front cover 102 to move backward so that the front cover 102 is reconnected with the main body 101 and the inside of the battery is sealed again. And when the internal and external pressure difference of the battery is too large, the larger pressure difference will make the movement stroke of the front cover 102 larger, so that the buckle structure 104 will be released under the effect of a larger pulling force, and the front cover 102 will no longer be connected with the passing battery.
  • the buckle structure 104 is connected to the main body 101. At this time, the inside and outside of the battery are connected, so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery is close to zero.
  • the explosion-proof valve 10 has a strong pressure relief performance, which can reduce the probability of thermal failure of the battery, thereby improving the performance of the battery. safety performance.
  • the control structure 105 can control the buckle structure 104 to disconnect, so that the front cover 102 can be opened, so that the inside of the battery can be maintained, and when the maintenance of the inside of the battery is completed, , the buckle structure 104 can be reconnected through the control structure 105 , and the maintenance difficulty inside the battery can be reduced without causing damage to the explosion-proof valve 10 .
  • the embodiment of the third aspect of the present application provides an electric device, the electric device includes the battery in the embodiment of the second aspect above, and the battery is used to provide electric energy to the electric device.
  • the electric device since the electric device includes the above-mentioned battery, the electric device has all the advantages of the above-mentioned battery.
  • the electric device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using batteries.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种防爆阀、电池及用电装置，防爆阀（10）包括主体（101）、与主体（101）连接的前盖（102）、导杆（103）、卡扣结构（104）及控制结构（105）。导杆（103）与主体（101）连接且置于主体（101）内；卡扣结构（104）包括设置于前盖（102）上的卡爪部（1041）及设置于导杆（103）上的卡扣部（1042），或卡扣结构（104）包括设置于前盖（102）上的卡扣部（1042）及设置于导杆（103）上的卡爪部（1041），卡扣部（1042）与卡爪部卡接；控制结构（105）设置于前盖（102）的远离卡扣结构（104）的一侧，控制结构（105）与卡扣结构（104）连接，用于控制卡爪部（1041）与卡扣部（1042）断开连接。上述防爆阀降低了电池内部的维护难度。

Description

一种防爆阀、电池及用电装置
本申请要求于2021年12月27日在中国专利局提交的，申请号为202123322222.X，发明名称为“一种防爆阀、电池及用电装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电化学装置技术领域，特别是涉及一种防爆阀、电池及用电装置。
 背景技术
由于具有能量密度高、重量轻等优点，锂电池广泛应用于便携式电子设备、电动汽车、航空航天等技术领域。而安全性能是限制锂电池发展的重要因素。
相关技术中，为提高电池的安全性能，在电池的外壳上设置防爆阀。防爆阀能够在电池内部压力较大时对电池进行泄压，以降低电池内外部的压差，从而降低电池发生热失效的概率。而相关技术中的防爆阀的泄压能力不太高，从而导致电池的安全性能不够好。此外，当需要对电池内部进行维护时，需要将防爆阀拆除，使得对电池内部进行维护难度较大。
 技术问题
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种防爆阀、电池及用电装置，以提高防爆阀的泄压性能，从而提高电池的安全性能，并降低电池内部的维护难度。
 技术解决方案
本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种防爆阀，防爆阀包括主体、与主体连接的前盖、导杆、卡扣结构及控制结构。其中，导杆与主体连接且置于主体内；卡扣结构包括设置于前盖上的卡爪部及设置于导杆上的卡扣部，且卡扣部可沿导杆的轴线方向移动，或卡扣结构包括设置于前盖上的卡扣部及设置于导杆上的卡爪部，且卡爪部可沿导杆的轴线方向移动，卡扣部与卡爪部卡接；控制结构设置于前盖的远离卡扣结构的一侧，控制结构与卡扣结构连接，用于控制卡爪部与卡扣部断开连接。
本申请实施例提供的防爆阀，防爆阀可以安装于电池的箱体上，且防爆阀的内部与电池的内部连通。当电池内部气压大于电池外部气压时，前盖在电池内外压差的作用下向外移动打开，带动卡扣结构沿导杆的轴线方向移动，由此，前盖打开将电池内部的气压释放出去，降低电池的内外压差。电池的内外压差降低后，卡扣结构带动前盖后移以使前盖重新与主体连接，使电池内部重新处于密封状态。而当电池的内外压差过大时，较大的压差会使前盖的移动行程较大，使得卡扣结构在较大的拉力的作用下脱扣，前盖不再与通过卡扣结构与主体连接，此时电池内外连通，使得电池的内外压差接近于零，由此，防爆阀的泄压性能较强，可以降低电池出现热失效的概率，从而提高电池的安全性能。此外，当需要对电池的内部进行维护时，可通过控制结构控制卡扣结构断开连接，使得前盖能够打开，从而可以对电池内部进行维护，并且当对电池内部的维护完成后，可通过控制结构使卡扣结构重新连接，可以在不对防爆阀造成损坏的情况下，降低电池内部的维护难度。
一些实施例中，卡爪部设置于前盖上，控制结构与卡爪部连接。卡爪部包括相对设置的第一卡钩和第二卡钩，第一卡钩包括位于前盖靠近主体的一侧的第一端，以及位于前盖远离主体的一侧的第二端，第二卡钩包括位于前盖靠近主体的一侧的第三端，以及位于前盖远离主体的第四端，控制结构包括第二端及第四端，且沿垂直于导杆的轴线方向，第二端与第四端之间的距离可调。由此，通过控制结构减小第二端及第四端之间的距离即可使卡扣部脱扣，使得前盖与主体之间不再通过卡扣结构连接，前盖打开，可以对电池内部进行维护，降低电池内部的维护难度。
一些实施例中，防爆阀还包括固定壳体，固定壳体位于前盖远离主体的一侧，卡爪部的位于前盖远离主体的一侧的部分结构置于固定壳体内，且第二端与第四端朝向相反的方向弯折以伸出固定壳体。由此，固定壳体限制了第二端与第四端沿之间可调节的距离范围，降低了因第二端及第四端因过度调节而造成第一卡钩或第二卡钩发生弯折等损坏的概率。
一些实施例中，卡扣部设置于前盖上，控制结构与卡扣部连接。卡爪部包括相对设置的第三卡钩及第四卡钩，且第三卡钩及第四卡钩间具有间隙；卡扣部与第三卡钩及第四卡钩卡接，控制结构用于控制卡扣部旋转，以使卡扣部置于间隙内并与第三卡钩及第四卡钩断开连接。由此，当需要对电池内部进行维护时，通过控制结构转动卡扣部可使卡扣部脱扣，使得前盖与主体之间不再通过卡扣结构连接，前盖打开，可以对电池内部进行维护，降低电池内部的维护难度。
一些实施例中，导杆包括第一部段和与第一部段连接的第二部段，第一部段可沿自身的轴线方向移动，卡爪部或卡扣部设置于第一部段的远离第二部段的一侧；防爆阀还包括弹性元件，弹性元件与第一部段及第二部段连接，且弹性元件套接于第一部段的外侧。由此，前盖在弹性结构的拉力作用下与主体紧密接触，保证防爆阀的密封性。
一些实施例中，主体和前盖铰接连接。由此，使前盖相对于主体转动一定角度，控制前盖打开的角度和方向，避免电池内气体排出影响防爆阀内其他电器件的功能，使防爆阀可以更好的泄压。
一些实施例中，主体包括与前盖铰接的第一侧壁，以及与第一侧壁相对设置的第二侧壁，导杆相对于第一侧壁更加靠近第二侧壁设置。由此，减小前盖位于导杆上方的部分与主体间的夹角角度，使得电池内的气体更多的由前盖的位于导杆下方的开口排出，从而使得电池内的高压气体更多的向下排放，进一步降低由防爆阀排出的高压气体对电池内其他电器件的影响。
一些实施例中，防爆阀还包括第一密封件及第二密封件，第一密封件位于前盖与主体之间；第二密封件位于主体的远离前盖的一侧。第一密封件和第二密封件可以增加防爆阀的气密性，防止电池内的气体泄露或外部气体进入电池内部，降低电池失效的概率。
本申请第二方面的实施例提供了一种电池，电池括上述任一的防爆阀，防爆阀设置于电池的壳体上。
本申请第三方面的实施例提供了一种用电装置，用电装置包括上述电池，电池用于向用电装置提供电能。
当然，实施本申请的任一产品或方法并不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有优点。上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的实施例。
图1为本申请一些实施例中的一种车辆的一种结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例中一种电池的一种结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例中一种防爆阀的一种爆炸结构图；
图4为本申请一些实施例中一种防爆阀的一种结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例中一种防爆阀的另一种结构示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例中一种防爆阀的一种剖视图；
图7为本申请一些实施例中一种防爆阀的另一种剖视图；
图8为本申请一些实施例中一种防爆阀的又一种剖视图。
附图标记：1-车辆；2-马达；3-电池；31-电池单体；32-电池壳体；321-上壳体；322-下壳体；4-控制器；10-防爆阀；101-主体；1011-第一侧壁；1012-第二侧壁；102-前盖；1021-第一侧；1022-第二侧；103-导杆；1031-第一部段；1032-第二部段；104-卡扣结构；1041-卡爪部；10411-第一卡钩；10412-第二卡钩；10413-第三卡钩；10414-第四卡钩；a-第一端；b-第二端；c-第三端；d-第四端；1042-卡扣部；105-控制结构；106-固定壳体；107-弹性元件；108-第一密封件；109-第二密封件。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员基于本申请所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上（包括两个），同理，“多组”指的是两组以上（包括两组），“多片”指的是两片以上（包括两片）。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
为提高锂电池的安全性能，锂电池主要采用刻痕、焊防爆膜等方式作为防爆装置。具体的，当电池升温电池内部气体膨胀、压力增大到一定程度时刻痕或者防爆膜脱焊、破裂，放气泄压，从而避免电池爆炸，从而提高锂电池的安全性能。而锂电池防爆装置结构上要做到充分的一致性较为困难，并且这种防爆装置放气泄压的启动压力值大，这样在电池发生异常情况下不能立即放气泄压，导致锂电池发生爆炸。此外，当需要对锂电池的内部进行维护时，需要将电池壳体拆开，维护过程较为繁琐。为解决上述问题，在电池的外壳上设置防爆阀，以提高锂电池的安全性能。
防爆阀是一种可以透气、防水、防爆的汽车零部件配件，目前在新能源电动汽车上应用比较多。汽车锂离子电池防爆阀将防水透气膜与防爆阀功能集为一体，不但具有传统防爆阀的防爆、降低爆破损害功能，同时还具备防水透气功能。
相关技术中，一般防爆阀是靠重力使防爆门封盖于出气口或者在出气口设置防爆片。当电池的内外压差到达一定数值，即电池内压力达到防爆阀的最大承受压力时，电池内压力使防爆阀中的封盖或防爆片打开从而使内部压力及气体排出，降低内外压差。但相关技术中的防爆阀在泄压后，防爆阀内外仍存在一定压力差，这使得防爆阀泄压能力不够高，无法满足对内外压差要求较高的工艺项目的进行，如喷淋等工艺项目，从而导致电池的安全性能不够好。此外，当需要对电池内部进行维护时，需要将防爆阀拆卸下来或将电池的壳体拆开，维护过程较为繁琐，且可能会造成防爆阀的顺坏。
为了解决上述问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种防爆阀，即本申请中的防爆阀，可以提高防爆阀的泄压性能，降低电池出现热失效的概率，从而提高电池的安全性能。在对电池内部进行维护时，可通过控制结构将电池前盖打开，降低电池内部的维护难度。
本申请实施例提供防爆阀可以应用于电池，且包括该防爆阀的电池能够作为用电装置的电源。其中，用电装置可以是手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等，电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
本申请实施例描述的电池不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的用电装置，还可以适用于所有使用电池的装置，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动汽车为例进行说明。
例如，请参照图1，车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部可以设置电池3、控制器4以及马达2，控制器4用来控制电池3为马达2的供电。例如，在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池3。电池3可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池3可以作为车辆1的操作电源，用于车辆1的电路系统，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。
在本申请的另一实施例中，电池3不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，电池3包括电池单体31和电池壳体32，电池单体31容纳于电池壳体32内，电池壳体32可以包括上壳体321及下壳体322，上壳体321与下壳体322固定连接以形成容纳空间。在电池3中，电池单体31可以是多个，多个电池单体31之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体31中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体31之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体31构成的整体容纳于电池壳体32内；当然，电池3也可以是多个电池单体31先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于电池壳体32内。电池3还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池3还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体31之间的电连接。例如实现多个电池单体31间的并联或串联或混联。具体地，汇流部件可通过连接电池单体31的电极端子实现电池单体31之间的电连接。进一步地，汇流部件可通过焊接的方式与电池单体31的电极端子固定连接。可选的，汇流部件可以包括导电机构，多个电池单体31所产生的电能可以进一步通过导电机构穿过电池单体31而引出。
其中，每个电池单体31可以为二次电池或一次电池。电池单体31还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体31可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种防爆阀，如图3至图6所示，防爆阀10包括主体101、与主体101连接的前盖102、导杆103、卡扣结构104及控制结构105。其中，导杆103与主体101连接且置于主体101内。卡扣结构104包括设置于前盖102上的卡爪部1041及设置于导杆103上的卡扣部1042，且卡扣部1042可沿导杆103的轴线方向移动，或卡扣结构104包括设置于前盖102上的卡扣部1042及设置于导杆103上的卡爪部1041，且卡爪部1041可沿导杆103的轴线方向移动，卡扣部1042与卡爪部1041卡接。控制结构105设置于前盖102的远离卡扣结构104的一侧，控制结构105与卡扣结构104连接，用于控制卡爪部1041与卡扣部1042断开连接。
主体101为防爆阀10的主要组成结构，主体101可以为中空结构，导杆103与主体101连接并置于主体101内部，主体101用以为导杆103提供容纳空间。主体101设置于电池壳体32上并电池壳体32固定连接，且主体101与电池3内部连通，由此主体101能够为电池3内的气体提供释放通道。主体101可以大致呈长方体状或圆柱体状等。主体101的材料可以为金属或塑料等，其中主体101的材料及形状可根据实际需求确定，本申请对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例中，前盖102与主体101连接，且位于主体101远离电池壳体32的一侧。前盖102可以用于对主体101形成的气体通道的一端起密封作用，防止电池3在正常工作时电池3内部与外部连通。前盖102的形状可以与主体101的开口形状相适配，例如当主体101呈长方体状时，前盖102可以为长方形；当主体101呈圆柱体状时，前盖102可以为圆形。
本申请实施例中，卡扣结构104为设置于前盖102及主体101上以连接前盖102及主体101的结构件。卡扣结构104包括相适配且卡接连接的卡爪部1041与卡扣部1042。卡扣部1042及卡爪部1041为分别设置于前盖102及导杆103上，以连接前盖102与导杆103的结构件。具体的，卡爪部1041可设置于前盖102的内侧，相对应的卡扣部1042设置于导杆103靠近前盖102的一侧；卡爪部1041还可设置于导杆103靠近前盖102的一侧，相对应的卡扣部1042设置于前盖102的内侧。其中，当前盖102受到电池内部一定的气体压力时，前盖102打开，即前盖102沿远离主体101的方向移动，前盖102带动卡爪部1041或卡扣部1042移动，从而带动导杆103移动。此外，由于卡扣部1042或卡爪部1041可沿导杆103的轴线方向移动，卡扣部1042或卡爪部1041可以沿背离前盖102的方向移动，当电池3内的压力释放后，卡扣部1042或卡爪部1041能够带动前盖102关闭，即带动前盖102重新与主体101连接。
本申请实施例中，控制结构105为设置于前盖102外侧且与卡扣结构104连接，通过控制卡扣部1042对卡爪部1041的限位情况以使卡爪部1041及卡扣部1042断开连接的结构。其中，控制结构105可以与卡扣部1042或卡爪部1041为一体结构。预设行程与电池内外的压力差相关，也就是与电池3内部在发生热失控前所能承受的最大安全压力相关，因此可根据电池3所能承受的最大安全压力设定预设行程，本申请对预设行程的具体数值不作限定。
本申请实施例中，防爆阀10可以安装于电池的箱体上，且防爆阀10的内部与电池的内部连通。当电池内部气压大于电池外部气压时，前盖102在电池内外压差的作用下向外移动打开，带动卡扣结构104沿导杆103的轴线方向移动，由此，前盖102打开将电池内部的气压释放出去，降低电池的内外压差。电池的内外压差降低后，卡扣结构104带动前盖102后移以使前盖102重新与主体101连接，使电池内部重新处于密封状态。而当电池的内外压差过大时，较大的压差会使前盖102的移动行程较大，使得卡扣结构104在较大的拉力的作用下脱扣，前盖102不再与通过卡扣结构104与主体101连接，此时电池内外连通，使得电池的内外压差接近于零，由此，防爆阀10的泄压性能较强，可以降低电池出现热失效的概率，从而提高电池的安全性能。此外，当需要对电池的内部进行维护时，可通过控制结构105控制卡扣结构104断开连接，使得前盖102能够打开，从而可以对电池内部进行维护，并且当对电池内部的维护完成后，可通过控制结构105使卡扣结构104重新连接，可以在不对防爆阀10造成损坏的情况下，降低电池内部的维护难度。
一些实施例中，如图6所示，卡爪部1041设置于前盖102上，控制结构105与卡爪部1041连接。卡爪部1041包括相对设置的第一卡钩10411和第二卡钩10412，第一卡钩10411包括位于前盖102靠近主体101的一侧的第一端a，以及位于前盖102远离主体101的一侧的第二端b，第二卡钩10412包括位于前盖102靠近主体101的一侧的第三端c，以及位于前盖102远离主体101的第四端d。控制结构105包括第二端b及第四端d，且沿垂直于导杆103的轴线方向，第二端b与第四端d之间的距离可调。
本申请实施例中，第一卡钩10411和第二卡钩10412均为卡爪部1041的主要组成部分，如图6所示，第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412的至少一端弯折形成弯钩部。第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412相对设置也就是，第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412的至少一端沿相对的方向弯折形成弯钩部，具体的，如图5和图6所示，第一端a及第三端c沿相对的方向弯折形成弯钩部。第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412的弯钩部形成容纳空间，且第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412的弯钩部与卡扣部1042卡接，以使卡扣部1042的至少部分结构位于第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412形成的容纳空间内，从而连接卡爪部1041及卡扣部1042。
如图5和图6所示，第一卡钩10411的第二端b穿过前盖102置于前盖102的外侧。第二卡钩10412的第四端d也穿过前盖102并置于前盖102的外侧。控制结构105包括第二端b及第四端d。其中，第一卡钩10411的第一端a及第二端b可以为一体结构，第二卡钩10412的第三端c及第四端d也可以为一体结构。由此，通过控制第二端b及第四端d之间的距离，可改变第一端a与第三端c之间的距离，从而改变由第一端a及第三端c共同形成的容纳空间的大小。具体的，当控制第二端b与第四端d互相靠近时，第二端b与第四端d之间的距离减小，此时第一端a及第三端c沿相远离的方向移动，使得第一端a及第三端c之间的距离加大，使得由第一端a及第三端c共同形成的容纳空间的体积增大，基于此，卡扣部1042可由容纳空间内脱离，从而可以与第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412断开连接，即与卡爪部1041断开连接。当控制第二端b与第四端d互相远离时，第二端b与第四端d之间的距离增加，此时第一端a及第三端c沿相靠近的方向移动，使得第一端a及第三端c之间的距离减小，使得由第一端a及第三端c共同形成的容纳空间的体积减小，基于此，第一端a及第三端c可重新对卡扣部1042进行限位，卡扣部1042可以与第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412重新连接，即与卡爪部1041重新连接。
进一步的，第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412可以为弹性材质，如弹性金属或塑料等。当第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412为弹性材质时，施加于第二端b及第四端d上的压力去除时，第二端b及第四端d可通过自身的弹力反弹复位，便于第一卡钩10411及第二卡钩10412与卡扣部1042重新连接。
进一步的，如图3、图4及图6所示，第二端b及第四端d可沿相反的方向弯折形成弯折部，从而便于第二端b及第四端d的按压，从而便于通过调整第二端b及第四端d之间的距离以调整卡爪部1041及卡扣部1042之间的连接状态。
本申请实施例中，由于第一卡钩10411的第二端b及第二卡钩10412的第四端d穿过前盖102置于前盖102外侧，控制结构105通过调整第二端b及第四端d之间的距离便可以调整第三端c及第一端a之间的距离，从而使得卡爪部1041及卡扣部1042可重复连接或断开连接。因此当需要对电池内部进行维护时，通过控制结构105减小第二端b及第四端d之间的距离即可使卡扣部1042脱扣，使得前盖102与主体101之间不再通过卡扣结构104连接，前盖102打开，可以对电池内部进行维护。且当维护完成后，通过控制结构105增大第二端b及第四端d之间的距离即可使卡扣部1042重新与卡爪部1041连接，可以在不对防爆阀10造成损坏的情况下，降低电池内部的维护难度。
一些实施例中，防爆阀10还包括固定壳体106，固定壳体106位于前盖102远离主体101的一侧，卡爪部1041的位于前盖102的远离主体101的部分结构置于固定壳体106内，且第二端b与第四端d朝向相反的方向弯折以伸出固定壳体106。
本申请实施例中，如图4及图5所示，固定壳体106设置于前盖102外侧，且固定壳体106为中空结构以包裹住卡爪部1041的位于前盖102外侧的部分结构。固定壳体106的形状可以为长方体或圆柱体等，本申请对此不作具体限定。固定壳体106的材料可以为金属、塑料或橡胶等，本申请对此也不做具体限定。当固定壳体106及前盖102的材料均为塑料时，固定壳体106与且前盖102可以为一体注塑成型。
本申请实施例中，固定壳体106用于对卡爪部1041置于前盖102外侧的部分结构进行保护，降低卡爪部1041置于前盖102外侧的部分结构损坏的概率。此外，由于第二端b及第四端d沿相反的方向弯折并穿过固定壳体106的侧壁置于固定壳体106外，因此当对第二端b及第四端d进行按压时，沿竖直方向上固定壳体106的高度即为第二端b与第四端d之间的最短距离，也就是，固定壳体106限制了第二端b与第四端d沿之间可调节的距离范围，降低了因第二端b及第四端d因过度调节而造成第一卡钩10411或第二卡钩10412发生弯折等损坏的概率。
一些实施例中，如图7和图8所示，卡扣部1042设置于前盖102上，控制结构105与卡扣部1042连接。卡爪部1041包括相对设置的第三卡钩10413及第四卡钩10414，且第三卡钩10413及第四卡钩10414间具有间隙。卡扣部1042与第三卡钩10413及第四卡钩10414卡接，控制结构105用于控制卡扣部1042旋转，以使卡扣部1042置于间隙内并与第三卡钩10413及第四卡钩10414断开连接。
本申请实施例中，第三卡钩10413和第四卡钩10414均为卡爪部1041的主要组成部分，如图7所示，第三卡钩10413和第四卡钩10414的至少一端弯折形成弯钩部，且第三卡钩10413与第四卡钩10414的弯钩部之间具有间隙。如图7所示，第三卡钩10413及第四卡钩10414分别与卡扣部1042连接，以连接前盖102与主体101。
本申请实施例中，如图7和图8所示，卡扣部1042沿竖直方向上的高度与沿水平方向上的厚度可以不同，且竖直方向为垂直于导杆103的轴线的方向，水平方向为平行于导杆103的轴线方向。此外，卡扣部1042的高度大于沿第一方向第三卡钩10413与第四卡钩10414之间的间隙高度，因此第三卡钩10413及第四卡钩10414可分别卡接与卡扣部1042的上下两侧以对卡扣部1042进行限位，如图7所示，从而连接卡爪部1041及卡扣部1042。此外，卡扣部1042沿第二方向上的厚度小于沿第一方向第三卡钩10413与第四卡钩10414之间的间隙高度，由此，当通过控制结构105控制卡扣部1042转动一定角度，如转动90度时，卡扣部1042可置于第三卡钩10413与第四卡钩10414之间的间隙内，如图8所示，此时第三卡钩10413与第四卡钩10414不再对卡扣部1042进行限位，卡扣部1042与卡爪部1041断开连接。
本申请实施例中，控制结构105通过旋转卡扣部1042，从而使得卡扣部1042与卡爪部1041卡接，或使卡扣部1042置于第三卡钩10413与第四卡钩10414之间的间隙内以与第三卡钩10413及第四卡钩10414断开连接。因此当需要对电池内部进行维护时，通过控制结构105转动卡扣部1042可使卡扣部1042脱扣，使得前盖102与主体101之间不再通过卡扣结构104连接，前盖102打开，可以对电池内部进行维护。且当维护完成后，通过转动卡扣部1042使其复位便可使卡扣部1042重新与卡爪部1041连接，可以在不对防爆阀10造成损坏的情况下，降低电池内部的维护难度。
一些实施例中，导杆103包括第一部段1031和与第一部段1031连接的第二部段1032，第一部段1031可沿自身的轴线方向移动，卡爪部1041或卡扣部1042设置于第一部段1031的远离第二部段1032的一侧。防爆阀10还包括弹性元件107，弹性元件107与第一部段1031及第二部段1032连接，且弹性元件107套接于第一部段1031的外侧。
本申请实施例中，请参照图6，导杆103呈阶梯轴状，且导杆103包括呈圆柱段状的第一部段1031及第二部段1032。第一部段1031可沿自身的轴线方向移动，第二部段1032与主体101固定连接，卡扣部1042或卡爪部1041设置于第一部段1031的远离第二部段1032的一侧。具体的，如图7所示，第二部段1032呈中空状，第一部段1031在沿自身轴线移动时，第一部段1031的部分结构置于第二部段1032内，且第一部段1031的部分结构可在第二部段1032沿轴线方向移动。
弹性元件107可以为弹簧等具有弹性的结构件，弹簧包括圆柱形弹簧或塔形弹簧。弹性元件107的一端与第二部段1032固定连接，另一端与第一部段1031上靠近卡扣部1042或卡爪部1041的一侧连接，弹性元件107可通过自身的弹力及回弹力带动与其连接的第一部段1031沿自身轴线方向移动。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，当前盖102受到电池3内部压力形成的冲击力时，前盖102带动卡扣部1042或卡爪部1041及第一部段1031沿导杆103的轴线方向移动，弹性元件107处于拉伸状态，此时前盖102打开且电池3内部的高压气体由前盖102排出。当电池完成泄压后，弹性元件107回弹，弹性元件107的回弹力带动卡扣部1042或卡爪部1041朝向主体101移动，从而带动前盖102朝向主体101移动以使前盖102重新与主体101连接。此外，当前盖102与主体101连接时，前盖102在弹簧的拉力作用下与主体101紧密接触，保证防爆阀10的密封性。此外，弹性元件107还用于在第一部段1031沿自身的轴线方向移动的过程中起缓冲作用。
一些实施例中，主体101和前盖102铰接连接。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，主体101和前盖102铰接连接，可以使前盖102相对于主体101转动一定角度。如图5所示，前盖102包括与主体101上方连接的第一侧1021及与第一侧1021相对的第二侧1022，当电池内压力高于外部压力时，内外压差使前盖102以铰接件的中心线为轴线相对于主体101转动，即前盖102的第一侧1021仍与主体101连接且第二侧1022朝向远离主体101的方向移动。由此，内外压差使得前盖102在第二侧1022处形成开口，且开口方向远离第一侧1021。
本申请实施例中，当防爆阀10安装于电池壳体的侧壁上时，可使前盖102的第一侧1021靠近壳体底壁设置，由此当前盖102开启时，前盖102的开口朝下，从而实现对前盖102打开的角度和方向的控制，使得电池内的高压气体向下排放，降低由防爆阀10排出的高压气体对电池内其他电器件的影响，使防爆阀10可以更好的泄压。
本申请实施例中，当电池内外压差较大时，较大的压差使卡扣结构104中卡扣部1042及卡爪部1041断开连接，前盖102与主体101不再通过卡扣结构104连接，而前盖102的第一侧1021仍与主体101铰接，使得前盖102不与主体101完全脱离的同时电池的内外连通，从而使得电池内外压差接近于零。
一些实施例中，主体101包括与前盖102铰接的第一侧壁1011，以及与第一侧壁1011相对设置的第二侧壁1012，导杆103相对于第一侧壁1011更加靠近第二侧壁1012设置。
请参照图3、图4和图7，第一侧壁1011和第二侧壁1012设置于主体101上，因导杆103相对于第一侧壁1011更加靠近第二侧壁1012设置，所以与导杆103上的卡爪部1041或卡扣部1042也相对于第一侧壁1011更加靠近第二侧壁1012设置。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，导杆103中第一部段1031在自身轴线方向上的移动行程不变时，导杆103在主体101内的位置影响前盖102上侧的开启角度。具体的，当导杆103由中间位置朝向第二侧壁1012移动过程中，导杆103的第一部段1031的移动距离稳定时，前盖102的位于导杆103上侧的部分与主体101间的夹角逐渐减小。由此，将导杆103设置于更加靠近第二侧壁1012的位置，可减小前盖102位于导杆103上方的部分与主体101间的夹角角度，使得电池内的气体更多的由前盖102的位于导杆103下方的开口排出，从而使得电池内的高压气体更多的向下排放，进一步降低由防爆阀10排出的高压气体对电池内其他电器件的影响。
一些实施例中，防爆阀10还包括第一密封件108及第二密封件109。第一密封件108位于前盖102与主体101之间。第二密封件109位于主体101的远离前盖102的一侧。
第一密封件108位于前盖102与主体101之间，第二密封件109位于主体101和电池壳体之间。第一密封件108和第二密封件109可以为同种结构和/或材料的密封件。例如，第一密封件108和第二密封件109可以为密封胶条，且密封胶条可以分别围绕主体101与前盖102和电池壳体连接的两侧表面的边缘设置。第一密封件108和第二密封件109也可以为密封框，且密封框的形状和尺寸与主体101的形状和尺寸相对应。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，第一密封件108和第二密封件109可以增加防爆阀10的气密性，防止电池内的气体泄露或外部气体进入电池内部，降低电池失效的概率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一密封件108及第二密封件109为橡胶件或塑料件。
本申请实施例中，当第一密封件108及第二密封件109为橡胶件时，可以提高防爆阀10内部的密闭性，且密封件不易老化，使用寿命较长。当第一密封件108及第二密封件109为塑料件时，第一密封件108及第二密封件109的形状和尺寸可根据主体101形状和尺寸变化，且加工工艺简单，成本较低。
本申请第二方面的实施例提供了一种电池，电池括上述第一方面的实施例中的防爆阀10，防爆阀10设置于电池的壳体上。
本申请实施例提供的电池壳体上的防爆阀10中，防爆阀10可以安装于电池的箱体上，且防爆阀10的内部与电池的内部连通。当电池内部气压大于电池外部气压时，前盖102在电池内外压差的作用下向外移动打开，带动卡扣结构104沿导杆103的轴线方向移动，由此，前盖102打开将电池内部的气压释放出去，降低电池的内外压差。电池的内外压差降低后，卡扣结构104带动前盖102后移以使前盖102重新与主体101连接，使电池内部重新处于密封状态。而当电池的内外压差过大时，较大的压差会使前盖102的移动行程较大，使得卡扣结构104在较大的拉力的作用下脱扣，前盖102不再与通过卡扣结构104与主体101连接，此时电池内外连通，使得电池的内外压差接近于零，由此，防爆阀10的泄压性能较强，可以降低电池出现热失效的概率，从而提高电池的安全性能。此外，当需要对电池的内部进行维护时，可通过控制结构105控制卡扣结构104断开连接，使得前盖102能够打开，从而可以对电池内部进行维护，并且当对电池内部的维护完成后，可通过控制结构105使卡扣结构104重新连接，可以在不对防爆阀10造成损坏的情况下，降低电池内部的维护难度。
本申请第三方面的实施例提供了一种用电装置，用电装置包括上述第二方面的实施例中的电池，电池用于向用电装置提供电能。
本申请实施例的用电装置中，由于用电装置包括上述电池，故用电装置具有上述电池的所有优点。用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池的设备或系统。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中申请的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种防爆阀，其特征在于，包括：
    主体及与所述主体连接的前盖；
    导杆，所述导杆与所述主体连接且置于所述主体内；
    卡扣结构，所述卡扣结构包括设置于所述前盖上的卡爪部及设置于所述导杆上的卡扣部，且所述卡扣部可沿所述导杆的轴线方向移动，或所述卡扣结构包括设置于所述前盖上的卡扣部及设置于所述导杆上的卡爪部，且所述卡爪部可沿所述导杆的轴线方向移动，所述卡扣部与所述卡爪部卡接；
    控制结构，所述控制结构设置于所述前盖的远离所述卡扣结构的一侧，所述控制结构与所述卡扣结构连接，用于控制所述卡爪部与所述卡扣部断开连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防爆阀，其特征在于，所述卡爪部设置于所述前盖上，所述控制结构与所述卡爪部连接；
    所述卡爪部包括相对设置的第一卡钩和第二卡钩，所述第一卡钩包括位于所述前盖靠近所述主体的一侧的第一端，以及位于所述前盖远离所述主体的一侧的第二端，所述第二卡钩包括位于所述前盖靠近所述主体的一侧的第三端，以及位于所述前盖远离所述主体的第四端，所述控制结构包括所述第二端及所述第四端，且沿垂直于所述导杆的轴线方向，所述第二端与所述第四端之间的距离可调。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的防爆阀，其特征在于，所述防爆阀还包括固定壳体，所述固定壳体位于所述前盖远离所述主体的一侧，所述卡爪部的位于所述前盖远离所述主体的一侧的部分结构置于所述固定壳体内，且所述第二端与所述第四端朝向相反的方向弯折以伸出所述固定壳体。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的防爆阀，其特征在于，所述第一卡钩及所述第二卡钩为弹性材质。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的防爆阀，其特征在于，所述卡扣部设置于所述前盖上，所述控制结构与所述卡扣部连接；
    所述卡爪部包括相对设置的第三卡钩及第四卡钩，且所述第三卡钩及所述第四卡钩间具有间隙；
    所述卡扣部与所述第三卡钩及所述第四卡钩卡接，所述控制结构用于控制所述卡扣部旋转，以使所述卡扣部置于所述间隙内并与所述第三卡钩及所述第四卡钩断开连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的防爆阀，其特征在于，所述导杆包括第一部段和与所述第一部段连接的第二部段，所述第一部段可沿自身的轴线方向移动，所述卡爪部或所述卡扣部设置于所述第一部段的远离所述第二部段的一侧；
    所述防爆阀还包括弹性元件，所述弹性元件与所述第一部段及所述第二部段连接，且所述弹性元件套接于所述第一部段的外侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的防爆阀，其特征在于，所述主体和所述前盖铰接连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的防爆阀，其特征在于，所述前盖包括与所述主体上方铰接的第一侧及与所述第一侧相对的第二侧，所述前盖可在所述第二侧处形成开口，且开口方向远离所述第一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的防爆阀，其特征在于，所述主体包括与所述前盖铰接的第一侧壁，以及与所述第一侧壁相对设置的第二侧壁，所述导杆相对于所述第一侧壁更加靠近所述第二侧壁设置。
  10. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的防爆阀，其特征在于，所述防爆阀还包括：
    第一密封件，所述第一密封件位于所述前盖与所述主体之间；
    第二密封件，所述第二密封件位于所述主体的远离所述前盖的一侧。
  11. 一种电池，其特征在于，所述电池括权利要求1至10中任一项所述的防爆阀，所述防爆阀设置于所述电池的壳体上。
  12. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，所述用电装置包括权利要求11所述的电池，所述电池用于向所述用电装置提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/136970 2021-12-27 2022-12-06 一种防爆阀、电池及用电装置 WO2023124832A1 (zh)

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CN116683116B (zh) * 2023-07-20 2023-12-22 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池的排液阀、电池以及用电装置

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