WO2023116193A1 - 一种抑菌性抗氧化剂的制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种抑菌性抗氧化剂的制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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WO2023116193A1
WO2023116193A1 PCT/CN2022/128147 CN2022128147W WO2023116193A1 WO 2023116193 A1 WO2023116193 A1 WO 2023116193A1 CN 2022128147 W CN2022128147 W CN 2022128147W WO 2023116193 A1 WO2023116193 A1 WO 2023116193A1
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reaction
phloroglucinol
dihydrocannabitriol
lewis acid
ferric chloride
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夏咏梅
吴淇
方云
胡学一
樊晔
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Jiangnan University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C39/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C39/23—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic, containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings, with unsaturation outside the aromatic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A01N31/16—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system with two or more oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
    • A23B2/70—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals
    • A23B2/725—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B2/729—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A23B2/742—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A23B2/746—Organic compounds containing oxygen with singly-bound oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
    • C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
    • C07C2601/16—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring the ring being unsaturated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts

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  • the invention relates to a preparation method and application of a bacteriostatic antioxidant, belonging to the field of fine chemical preparation.
  • Bacteriostats and antioxidants are fine chemical products with a wide range of uses, a wide variety and high demand. However, there are few products that have both bacteriostatic and antioxidant properties.
  • the invention provides a bacteriostatic antioxidant to solve the problem of single function of the existing food additives.
  • the bacteriostatic antioxidant has both bacteriostatic function and antioxidant function.
  • the antibacterial function is mainly to inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria, and the bacteria mainly include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus.
  • the antioxidant function includes DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging ability, iron ion reducing ability, anti-lipid peroxidation ability and/or xanthine oxidase inhibitory ability
  • the invention provides a preparation method of the bacteriostatic antioxidant 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol, using ⁇ -phellandrene and phloroglucinol as raw materials, selecting an organic solvent, and reacting under the action of a Lewis acid catalyst 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol is obtained.
  • the reaction mechanism of the preparation method is as follows: ⁇ -phellandrene is protonated to form a carbocation, attacks the benzene ring structure of phloroglucinol, and completes an electrophilic substitution reaction with it.
  • the reaction mechanism is as follows:
  • a kind of substrate is mixed with organic solvent, Lewis acid catalyst;
  • Lewis acid catalyst is aluminum trichloride, boron trifluoride monohydrate, boron trifluoride ether, iron trichloride hexahydrate and A kind of in ferric chloride;
  • organic solvent comprises one or more in chloroform, toluene and acetonitrile;
  • the amount of the Lewis acid catalyst is 0.25%-0.5% of the mass of phloroglucinol.
  • the catalyst is ferric chloride.
  • the organic solvent is a mixture of acetonitrile and chloroform.
  • the organic solvent is added in an amount of 3.9-15.6 L/kg.
  • the molar ratio of ⁇ -phellandrene to phloroglucinol is (1.0-1.05):1.0.
  • the reaction time in step (2) is 0.5-2.0 h, and the reaction temperature is 25°C.
  • step (3) TLC is used to monitor the end point of the reaction. After ensuring that the reaction of the raw materials is complete, filter and take the filtrate, wash the filtrate with saturated brine for 3-5 times, and then dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate.
  • the 8,9-dihydrocannabinol prepared by the invention can be used as an antioxidant with antibacterial properties.
  • Bacteriostatic species include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus.
  • the anti-oxidation includes DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging ability, iron ion reducing ability, anti-lipid peroxidation ability and/or xanthine oxidase inhibitory ability.
  • 8,9-dihydrocannabinol has a strong antioxidant activity.
  • the temperature had little effect on the antioxidant activity of 8,9-dihydrocannabinol, and at high temperature, 8,9-dihydrocannabinol showed better stability than VC.
  • the method for preparing 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol of the present invention the catalyst used is cheap and easy to get, such as iron trichloride, the use amount of catalyst is few, such as 0.5% of phloroglucinol mass, the reaction required by the catalyst Mild conditions such as Lewis acids.
  • the yield of the method of the present invention can reach 85% in some embodiments.
  • Fig. 1 is a 1 H NMR spectrum of 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4A is the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol.
  • Figure 4B is the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol.
  • Fig. 5A is the scavenging ability of 8,9-dihydrocannabinol on DPPH free radicals.
  • Figure 6 shows the iron ion reducing ability and anti-lipid peroxidation ability of 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol.
  • Figure 7 shows the inhibitory ability of 8,9-dihydrocannabinol to xanthine oxidase
  • the bacteriostatic antioxidant provided by the present invention is 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol, and its structure is shown in the following formula I:
  • the method for preparing the 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol mainly includes the following steps:
  • the amount of the Lewis acid catalyst is 0.25%-0.5% of the mass of phloroglucinol.
  • the catalyst is ferric chloride.
  • the organic solvent is added in an amount of 3.9-15.6 L/kg.
  • the molar ratio of ⁇ -phellandrene to phloroglucinol is (1.0-1.05):1.0.
  • the reaction time in step (2) is 0.5-2.0 h, and the reaction temperature is 25°C.
  • step (3) TLC is used to monitor the end point of the reaction. After ensuring that the reaction of the raw materials is complete, filter and take the filtrate, wash the filtrate with saturated brine for 3-5 times, and then dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate.
  • Example 1 The method for preparing and identifying 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol
  • Example 2 The method for preparing and identifying 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • Example 3 The method for preparing and identifying 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • Example 4 The method for preparing and identifying 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • Example 5 The method for preparing and identifying 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • Example 1 Ferric chloride 85
  • Example 2 Boron trifluoride monohydrate 55
  • Example 3 Boron trifluoride diethyl ether 55
  • Example 4 Ferric chloride hexahydrate 49
  • Example 5 Aluminum trichloride 56 Comparative example 1 nickel chloride Trace ( ⁇ 5) Comparative example 2 Zinc chloride Trace ( ⁇ 5)
  • the synthetic method of the present invention needs to select a suitable Lewis acid catalyst, and when nickel chloride or zinc chloride was selected as the catalyzer, the yield of 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol was lower than 5 %; when selecting aluminum trichloride, boron trifluoride monohydrate, boron trifluoride ether and iron trichloride hexahydrate as catalyst, the yield of target compound is all higher than 45%; Wherein with iron trichloride When used as a catalyst, the yield of the target compound reaches 85%, which is the best catalyst.
  • Example 6 The method for preparing and identifying 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol
  • step (2) is the same as step (2) of embodiment 1.
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • step (2) is the same as step (2) of embodiment 1.
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • Example 6 and the synthetic method of Comparative Example 3 are similar to that of Example 1, except that the amount of catalyst is different.
  • the amount of catalyst used in each embodiment and the corresponding yield are shown in Table 2.
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • Example 8 The method for preparing and identifying 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • Example 10 The method for preparing and identifying 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • Example 11 The method for preparing and identifying 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol
  • Example 1 Chloroform/acetonitrile 85
  • Example 7 Chloroform 60
  • Example 9 Acetonitrile 49
  • Example 10 Toluene/chloroform 60
  • Example 11 Toluene/Acetonitrile 64
  • the synthetic reaction of the present invention can adopt chloroform/acetonitrile or toluene/acetonitrile mixture as organic solvent, wherein adopt chloroform/acetonitrile as organic solvent, the yield of target compound has reached 85% , is the best organic solvent. And using chloroform, toluene and acetonitrile etc. as solvent also can make the reaction have considerable yield.
  • Embodiment 12-15 the influence of reactant ratio on yield
  • the synthetic method of embodiment 16-18 is similar to embodiment 1, difference is that the consumption of toluene is different in step (1).
  • the consumption of the toluene that each embodiment adopts and corresponding yield are as shown in table 5.
  • the solvent refers to the mixed solvent obtained by mixing 5L acetonitrile and 5L chloroform.
  • the amount of organic solvent toluene has a certain impact on the yield of the target compound.
  • the amount of chloroform/acetonitrile mixed solvent relative to phloroglucinol is less than 7.8L/kg, increasing the amount of solvent has a certain effect on improving the yield of the target compound.
  • the amount of chloroform/acetonitrile mixed solvent relative to phloroglucinol exceeds 7.8L/kg, continue to increase the amount of toluene, and the yield of the target compound will decrease accordingly. This shows that, when the consumption of organic solvent is 7.8L/kg, product has better yield.
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • step (3) is the same as step (3) of embodiment 1.
  • reaction time has a certain influence on the reaction yield.
  • the reaction time is 0.5h
  • the yield of the target compound is 67%.
  • the reaction time is 1-2.0h
  • the yield of the target compound can reach 85%. It can be seen that the reaction time of 1-2.0h belongs to the ideal reaction time.
  • Example 1 Test the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the target compound prepared in Example 1 against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus.
  • MIC minimum inhibitory concentration
  • MMC minimum bactericidal concentration
  • Application Example 2 Test the antioxidant activity of the target compound prepared in Example 1.
  • DPPH free radical scavenging rate/% (1-(AA 1 )/A 0 ) ⁇ 100 (1)
  • A, A 1 and A 0 are the absorbance measured by the sample group, absolute ethanol control group and blank control group, respectively.
  • Determination of the scavenging rate of 8,9-dihydrocannabitriol on DPPH free radicals at 80°C Preheat the test solution and DPPH working solution in a water bath at 80°C for 10 minutes, then mix 2mL of different concentrations of the test solution and Add 2mL of 0.06mmol/L DPPH working solution to a 5mL centrifuge tube sequentially, react at 80°C for 30min, and measure the absorbance at 517nm. Calculate the DPPH free radical scavenging rate according to formula (1).
  • ABTS aqueous solution (7mmol/L) and potassium persulfate aqueous solution (2.45mmol/L) were mixed uniformly at a volume ratio of 1:2, and kept in the dark for 15h.
  • the mixed solution was made into an ABTS working solution with an absorbance of (0.70 ⁇ 0.02) at 734 nm with methanol.
  • the clearance rate is calculated by the formula:
  • a and A 0 are the absorbance measured by the sample group and the blank control group, respectively.
  • A, A 1 and A 0 represent the absorbance of the sample group, the group with deionized water instead of hydrogen peroxide solution and the group with ethanol instead of sample group, respectively.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抑菌性抗氧化剂的制备方法与应用,属于精细化学品领域。本发明以α-水芹烯和间苯三酚为原料,在路易斯酸催化下反应得到8,9-二氢大麻三酚。本发明原料易得,所用催化剂廉价、使用量少、温和,反应收率高。8,9-二氢大麻三酚具有良好的抑菌性和抗氧化活性。对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌四种细菌的最小抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度均低于100μg/mL。其对DPPH和ABTS自由基的清除能力均强于VC,温度对其抗氧化活性几乎没有影响,具有比VC更好的抗氧化活性稳定性。

Description

一种抑菌性抗氧化剂的制备方法与应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种抑菌性抗氧化剂的制备方法与应用,属于精细化学品制备领域。
背景技术
目前,食品添加剂的种类日益增多,多功能添加剂的需求也日益增长。抑菌剂与抗氧化剂都是用途非常广泛、品种繁多和需求量大的精细化工产品,但,同时兼具抑菌性和抗氧化性的产品并不多见。
发明内容
本发明提供一种抑菌性抗氧化剂,以解决现有的食品添加剂功能单一的问题。所述抑菌性抗氧化剂兼具抑菌功能和抗氧化功能。所述抑菌功能主要是抑制细菌的生长繁殖,所述细菌主要包括大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌。所述抗氧化功能包括具有DPPH和ABTS自由基清除能力、铁离子还原能力、抗脂质过氧化能力和/或黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制能力
所述抑菌性抗氧剂是8,9-二氢大麻三酚,其结构如下式Ⅰ所示:
Figure PCTCN2022128147-appb-000001
本发明提供所述抑菌性抗氧剂8,9-二氢大麻三酚的制备方法,α-水芹烯、间苯三酚为原料,选择有机溶剂,在路易斯酸催化剂的作用下,反应得到8,9-二氢大麻三酚。该制备方法的反应机理为:α-水芹烯质子化后形成碳正离子,进攻间苯三酚的苯环结构,与其完成亲电取代反应。反应机理如下:
Figure PCTCN2022128147-appb-000002
所述制备方法主要包括以下步骤:
(1)将一种底物与有机溶剂、路易斯酸催化剂混合;所述路易斯酸催化剂为三氯化铝、三氟化硼一水合物、三氟化硼乙醚、三氯化铁六水合物和三氯化铁中的一种;所述有机溶剂包括三氯甲烷、甲苯和乙腈中的一种或多种;
(2)加入另一种底物,使得两种底物发生反应,
(3)反应结束后,回收催化剂、除去溶剂。
在一些实施方式中,所述路易斯酸催化剂的用量为间苯三酚的质量的0.25%-0.5%。
在一些实施方式中,所述催化剂是三氯化铁。
在一些实施方式中,所述有机溶剂是乙腈和氯仿的混合物。
在一些实施方式中,以间苯三酚的质量计,所述有机溶剂的添加量为3.9-15.6L/kg。
在一些实施方式中,所述α-水芹烯与间苯三酚的摩尔比为(1.0-1.05):1.0。
在一些实施方式中,步骤(2)所述反应的时间为0.5-2.0h,反应温度为25℃。
在一些实施方式中,步骤(3),利用TLC监测反应终点,在确保原料反应完全后,过滤并取滤液,将滤液用饱和食盐水洗涤3-5次,再用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂得到8,9-二氢大麻三酚粗产品,将粗产品利用硅胶柱层析进行分离,并以石油醚和乙酸乙酯(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1,v/v)的混合液进行洗脱,借助TLC跟踪检测洗脱液的成分,收集含有8,9-二氢大麻三酚的洗脱液,合并含有8,9-二氢大麻三酚的洗脱液,再经过蒸发浓缩得到目8,9-二氢大麻三酚。
本发明制备的8,9-二氢大麻三酚可用作具有抑菌性的抗氧化剂。抑菌种类包括大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌。所述抗氧化包括具有DPPH和ABTS自由基清除能力、铁离子还原能力、抗脂质过氧化能力和/或黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制能力。
本发明合成的8,9-二氢大麻三酚具有抑菌和抗氧化性,其抑菌活性远远强于表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG),对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌四种细菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)均低于100μg/mL。同时,对DPPH和ABTS自由基清除能力强于VC,铁离子还原能力和抗脂质过氧化能力与VC接近,可见8,9-二氢大麻三酚具有极强的抗氧化活性。另外,温度对8,9-二氢大麻三酚的抗氧化活性的影响很小,高温下,8,9-二氢大麻三酚表现出较VC更好的稳定性。
本发明制备8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法,所使用的催化剂廉价易得,例如三氯化铁,催化剂的使用量少,例如间苯三酚质量的0.5%,催化剂所需要的反应条件温和,例如路易斯酸。本发明方法在某些实施方式中的收率可以达到85%。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1中制备得到8,9-二氢大麻三酚的 1HNMR核磁共振氢谱图。
图2是本发明实施例1中制备得到8,9-二氢大麻三酚的 13CNMR核磁共振碳谱图。
图3是本发明实施例1中制备得到8,9-二氢大麻三酚的质谱图。
图4A是8,9-二氢大麻三酚最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。
图4B是8,9-二氢大麻三酚最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。
图5A是8,9-二氢大麻三酚对DPPH自由基的清除能力。
图5B是8,9-二氢大麻三酚对ABTS自由基的清除能力。
图6是8,9-二氢大麻三酚的铁离子还原能力和抗脂质过氧化能力。
图7是8,9-二氢大麻三酚对黄嘌呤氧化酶的抑制能力
具体实施方式
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。
本发明提供的抑菌性抗氧剂是8,9-二氢大麻三酚,其结构如下式Ⅰ所示:
Figure PCTCN2022128147-appb-000003
在一些实施方式中,制备所述8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法主要包括以下步骤:
(1)将一种底物与有机溶剂、路易斯酸催化剂混合;所述路易斯酸催化剂为三氯化铝、三氟化硼一水合物、三氟化硼乙醚、三氯化铁六水合物和三氯化铁中的一种;所述有机溶剂包括三氯甲烷、甲苯和乙腈中的一种或多种;
(2)加入另一种底物,使得两种底物发生反应,
(3)反应结束后,回收催化剂、除去溶剂。
在一些实施方式中,所述路易斯酸催化剂的用量为间苯三酚的质量的0.25%-0.5%。
在一些实施方式中,所述催化剂是三氯化铁。
在一些实施方式中,所述有机溶剂是乙腈和氯仿的混合物。
在一些实施方式中,以间苯三酚的质量计,所述有机溶剂的添加量为3.9-15.6L/kg。
在一些实施方式中,所述α-水芹烯与间苯三酚的摩尔比为(1.0-1.05):1.0。
在一些实施方式中,步骤(2)所述反应的时间为0.5-2.0h,反应温度为25℃。
在一些实施方式中,步骤(3),利用TLC监测反应终点,在确保原料反应完全后,过滤并取滤液,将滤液用饱和食盐水洗涤3-5次,再用无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂得到8,9-二氢大麻三酚粗产品,将粗产品利用硅胶柱层析进行分离,并以石油醚和乙酸乙酯(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1,v/v)的混合液进行洗脱,借助TLC跟踪检测洗脱液的成分,收集含有 8,9-二氢大麻三酚的洗脱液,合并含有8,9-二氢大麻三酚的洗脱液,再经过蒸发浓缩得到目8,9-二氢大麻三酚。
以下各实施例中,合成的目标化合物的定量分析方法为:使用配备有紫外检测器的HPLC进行分析。注入10μL样品并使用ACE C18-PFP(150mm×4.6mm×3μm)色谱柱实现分离。流动相为乙腈:水=62:38(v/v)。流速设定为1mL·min -1,柱温保持在30℃。在220nm监测目标化合物的吸光度。
实施例1制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氯化铁6.3g(0.04mol)、乙腈5L和氯仿5L。
(2)25℃下搅拌5min,加入α-水芹烯1.43kg(10.5mol),25℃下搅拌反应1h。
(3)过滤,取滤液,并用饱和食盐水洗涤3-5次,无水硫酸钠干燥后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,用硅胶柱层析分离粗产品,并以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合液梯度洗脱(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1至5:1,体积比),借助TLC(展开剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1)跟踪检测。收集合并含有目标产物的硅胶柱洗脱液,浓缩得到8,9-二氢大麻三酚白色固体。
所得8,9-二氢大麻三酚白色固体的质量是2.23kg,产品收率为85%(产品收率=实际得到的产物质量÷理论上底物完全转化时能够得到的产物质量×100%)。
所得8,9-二氢大麻三酚的核磁共振氢谱图和核磁共振碳谱图分别见图1和图2,质谱图见图3。
8,9-二氢大麻三酚(2'-异丙基-5'-甲基-1',2'-二氢-3',4'-四氢-[1,1'-联苯]-2,4,6-三醇): 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ6.23(s,2H,3-H and 5-H),5.93(s,2H,2-OH and 6-OH),5.48(s,1H,6'-H),3.74(dd,J=8.1,5.2Hz,1H,1'-H),2.39(s,1H,2'-H),2.17~2.03(m,2H,4'-H),1.74(s,3H,7'-Me),1.62~1.51(m,2H,3'-H),1.42~1.32(m,1H,8'-H),1.28~1.24(m,1H,4-OH,D,O exch),0.83(d,J=6.8Hz,6H,9'-Me and 10'-Me). 13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl 3)δ155.02(C-4),140.25(C-1and C-6),124.97(C-5'),109.67(C-6'),97.08(C-1),95.65(C-3and C-5),43.90(C-2'),35.21(C-1'),30.65(C-4'),27.76(C-8'),23.62(C-3'),22.09(C-7'),21.70(C-9'),16.36(C-10').HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z 262.1550[M-H] -(calcd for C 16H 22O 3,262.1569)。
为了体现不同催化剂的催化效率,以下实施例中除三氯化铁以外的其它催化剂的添加量占底物酚的质量分数均一致。
实施例2制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氟化硼一水合物6.3g(0.073mol)、乙腈5L和氯仿5L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例3制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氟化硼乙醚6.3g(0.044mol)、乙腈5L和氯仿5L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例4制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氯化铁六水合物6.3g(0.023mol)、乙腈5L和氯仿5L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例5制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氯化铝6.3g(0.047mol)、乙腈5L和氯仿5L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
对比例1
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、氯化镍6.3g(0.049mol)、乙腈5L和氯仿5L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
对比例2
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、氯化锌6.3g(0.046mol)、乙腈5L和氯仿5L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例2-5,对比例1-2的合成方法与实施例1类似,区别在于所采用的催化剂不同。各实施例、对比例采用的路易斯酸催化剂及相应的产品收率如表1所示。
表1实施例1-5、对比例1-2采用的催化剂及相应的收率
  催化剂 收率(%)
实施例1 三氯化铁 85
实施例2 三氟化硼一水合物 55
实施例3 三氟化硼乙醚 55
实施例4 三氯化铁六水合物 49
实施例5 三氯化铝 56
对比例1 氯化镍 Trace(<5)
对比例2 氯化锌 Trace(<5)
从表1的结果可以看出,本发明的合成方法需要选择合适的路易斯酸催化剂,当选择氯化镍或氯化锌作为催化剂时,8,9-二氢大麻三酚的收率低于5%;选择三氯化铝、三氟化硼一水合物、三氟化硼乙醚和三氯化铁六水合物作为催化剂时,目标化合物的收率均高于45%;其中以三氯化铁作为催化剂时,目标化合物的收率达到了85%,为最佳的催化剂。
实施例6制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氯化铁3.15g(0.02mol)、乙腈5L和氯仿5L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
对比例3
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氯化铁12.6g(0.08mol)、乙腈5L和氯仿5L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例6的合成方法以及对比例3的合成方法与实施例1类似,区别在于催化剂的用量不同。各实施例采用的催化剂用量及相应的收率如表2所示。
表2实施例1,6和对比例3采用的催化剂用量及相应的收率
  三氯化铁用量(wt%) 收率(%)
实施例6 0.25 65
实施例1 0.5 85
对比例3 1.0 85
从表2的结果可以看出,随着三氯化铁用量增加,收率也随之升高;当三氯化铁的用量为0.5%时,收率达到最高85%;继续增加三氯化铁的用量,产物收率并不会继续升高。因此可见三氯化铁催化剂用量为0.5%时反应收率就可以高达85%。
实施例7-11的合成方法与实施例1类似,区别在于采用的有机溶剂不同。
实施例7制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氟化硼一水合物6.3g(0.04mol)、三氯甲烷10L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例8制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氟化硼一水合物6.3g(0.04mol)、甲苯10L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例9制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氟化硼一水合物6.3g(0.04mol)、乙腈10L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例10制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氟化硼一水合物6.3g(0.04mol)、甲苯5L、三氯甲烷5L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例11制备及鉴定8,9-二氢大麻三酚的方法
(1)向25L反应瓶中依次加入间苯三酚1.26kg(10mol)、三氟化硼一水合物6.3g(0.04mol)、甲苯5L、乙腈5L。
(2)与实施例1的步骤(2)相同。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例7-11采用的有机溶剂及相应的收率如表3所示。
表3实施例1,7-11采用的有机溶剂及相应的收率
  溶剂 收率(%)
实施例1 三氯甲烷/乙腈 85
实施例7 三氯甲烷 60
实施例8 甲苯 57
实施例9 乙腈 49
实施例10 甲苯/三氯甲烷 60
实施例11 甲苯/乙腈 64
从表3的结果可以看出,本发明的合成反应可采用三氯甲烷/乙腈或甲苯/乙腈混合物作为有机溶剂,其中采用三氯甲烷/乙腈作为有机溶剂,目标化合物的收率达到了85%,为最佳有机溶剂。而使用三氯甲烷、甲苯和乙腈等作为溶剂也能使得反应有可观的收率。
实施例12-15:反应物配比对收率的影响
实施例12-15的合成方法与实施例1类似,区别在于步骤(1)中α-水芹烯的用量不同。各实施例采用的α-水芹烯的用量及相应的收率如表4所示。
表4实施例1,12-15采用的α-水芹烯的用量及相应的收率
Figure PCTCN2022128147-appb-000004
从表4的结果可以看出,当α-水芹烯的用量低于1.05当量时,随着α-水芹烯的用量的增加,目标化合物的收率随之提高;当α-水芹烯的用量高于1.05当量时,目标化合物的收率反而会随着α-水芹烯的用量的增加而降低。其中,α-水芹烯的用量为1.05当量时,反应收率达到了85%,为最佳用量。
实施例16-18:底物浓度对收率的影响
实施例16-18的合成方法与实施例1类似,区别在于步骤(1)中甲苯的用量不同。各实施例采用的甲苯的用量及相应的收率如表5所示。
表5实施例1,16-18采用的三氯甲烷/乙腈混合溶剂的用量及相应的收率
Figure PCTCN2022128147-appb-000005
注:表中,溶剂是指由5L乙腈和5L氯仿混合得到的混合溶剂。
从表5的结果可知,有机溶剂甲苯的用量对于目标化合物的收率具有一定的影响。当三氯甲烷/乙腈混合溶剂相对间苯三酚的用量不足7.8L/kg时,增加溶剂的用量对于提高目标化合物的收率具有一定的作用。当三氯甲烷/乙腈混合溶剂相对间苯三酚的用量超过7.8L/kg时,继续增加甲苯的用量,目标化合物的收率会随之下降。由此可见,有机溶剂的用量在7.8L/kg时,产物具有较好收率。
实施例19
(1)同实施例1的步骤(1)。
(2)25℃下搅拌5min,加入α-水芹烯1.43kg(10.5mol),25℃下搅拌反应0.5h。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
对比例4
(1)同实施例1的步骤(1)。
(2)25℃下搅拌5min,加入α-水芹烯1.43kg(10.5mol),25℃下搅拌反应2h。
(3)与实施例1的步骤(3)相同。
实施例19的合成方法以及对比例4的合成方法与实施例1类似,区别在于反应时间不同。各实施例的反应时间及相应的收率如表6所示。
表6实施例1,19和对比例4采用的反应时间及相应的收率
  反应时间(h) 收率(%)
实施例19 0.5 67
实施例1 1.0 85
对比例4 2.0 85
从表6的结果可知,反应时间对于反应收率具有一定的影响,反应时间在0.5h时,目标化合物的收率为67%。而当反应时间为1-2.0h时,目标化合物的收率可达85%。由此可见,反应时间1-2.0h属于比较理想的反应时间。
应用例1测试实施例1中制备得到的目标化合物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)、最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。
取无菌96孔板,第1至10孔每孔加入LB液体培养基100μL后,在第1孔中加入100μL待测样品(待测样品是将实施例1制备得到的白色固体用DMSO溶解,LB液体培养基稀释),使得每孔中8,9-二氢大麻三酚的浓度是1mg/mL),充分混匀后吸取100μL加入第2孔中,同样方法连续二倍稀释至第10孔,将100μL用LB液体培养基稀释至浓度为10 6CFU/mL的细菌稀释液加入至第1至10孔,同时设置阴性对照(第11孔只加菌液200μL,不加药物)、空 白对照(第12孔只加LB液体培养基200μL)和采用表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)的阳性对照。设置3个平行对照,于37℃恒温培养箱培养24小时,肉眼观察无细菌生长孔的最低药物浓度,即为受试菌的MIC。将以上96孔板含药菌液接种于相应的培养基平板,37℃继续培养24h。无细菌生长的药物浓度作为MBC。
结果如图4所示(因无细菌生长的药物最低浓度孔与出现细菌生长的最高浓度孔浓度跨度过大,在两浓度之间(即62.5-125μg/mL)设置等差浓度进一步实验,以确定MIC的精确范围)。
应用例2测试实施例1中制备得到的目标化合物抗氧化活性。
自由基清除能力:
将100μL用DMSO溶解得到的不同浓度的待测液(0、10、20、40、80μg/mL)和100μL 0.06mM的DPPH工作液依次加入96孔酶标板中,30℃反应30min,测定517nm处吸光度。清除率按式(1)计算:DPPH自由基清除率/%=(1-(A-A 1)/A 0)×100  (1)
其中:A、A 1和A 0分别为样品组、无水乙醇对照组和空白对照组测定的吸光度。
80℃下8,9-二氢大麻三酚对DPPH自由基清除率的测定方法:将待测液和DPPH工作液分别于80℃水浴中预热10min后,将2mL不同浓度的待测液和2mL 0.06mmol/L的DPPH工作液依次加入5mL离心管中,80℃下反应30min后,测定517nm处吸光度。按照式(1)计算DPPH自由基清除率。
将ABTS水溶液(7mmol/L)和过硫酸钾水溶液(2.45mmol/L)按体积比1:2混合均匀,避光静置15h。将混合液用甲醇制成734nm下吸光度为(0.70±0.02)的ABTS工作液。将20μL用甲醇溶解得到的不同浓度的待测液(0、10、20、40、80μg/mL)和200μL ABTS工作液依次加入96孔酶标板中,30℃下反应10min,测定734nm处吸光度。
清除率由公式计算:
ABTS自由基清除率/%=(1-A/A 0)×100  (2)
其中:A和A 0分别为样品组和空白对照组测定的吸光度。
结果如图5所示。80℃下8,9-二氢大麻三酚对DPPH自由基清除率如图5A所示。
铁离子还原能力:
向2mL 0.1mg/mL的样品溶液(磷酸盐缓冲液0.2M,pH 6.6)中加入2mL 1%的铁氰化钾溶液,在50℃下放置20min。然后,加入2mL 10%的三氯乙酸溶液,混匀后在4000rpm下离心10min。取2mL上清液,加入2mL去离子水和0.4mL 0.1%三氯化铁溶液,于50℃水浴中放置10min,测定700nm处吸光度,以0.1mg/mL VC溶液为阳性对照。
抗脂质过氧化能力:
在0.15mL 2mg/mL的过氧化氢水溶液中加入0.5mL的橄榄油乙醇溶液(质量比为1:3),加入1mL 0.1mg/mL的样品乙醇溶液和2mL 0.2wt%的硫代巴比妥酸溶液于37℃下反应25min。然后加入2mL 20%三氯乙酸水溶液,转移至90℃水浴中显色30min后冷却至室温,加入1mL三氯甲烷萃取有机相,测定上层溶液在532nm的吸光度,其抑制率计算公式如下:
抑制率/%=(1-(A-A 1)/A 0)×100   (3)
其中:A、A 1和A 0分别表示样品组、以去离子水代替过氧化氢溶液组和以乙醇代替样品组的吸光度。
铁离子还原能力、抗脂质过氧化能力的实验结果如图6所示。
黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制能力:
将2mL不同浓度的样品(磷酸盐缓冲液溶液,0.2M,pH7.5)、20μL XOD(10μM)和1mL黄嘌呤底物(6mM)加入到比色皿中,测定295nm处溶液的吸光度,分别读取0s和60s的吸光度。以2mL磷酸盐缓冲液代替样品作空白。计算抑制率如下:
抑制率/%=(1-ΔA/ΔA 0)×100  (4)
其中:ΔA和ΔA 0分别为样品组和空白对照组;ΔA=A 60s-A 0s。
黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制能力的实验结果如图7所示。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种化合物,其特征在于,是8,9-二氢大麻三酚,其结构如下式Ⅰ所示:
    Figure PCTCN2022128147-appb-100001
  2. 制备权利要求1所述化合物的方法,其特征在于,以α-水芹烯、间苯三酚为原料,在路易斯酸催化剂的作用下,反应得到8,9-二氢大麻三酚,反应式如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022128147-appb-100002
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,主要包括以下步骤:
    (1)将一种底物与有机溶剂、路易斯酸催化剂混合,
    (2)加入另一种底物,使得两种底物发生反应,
    (3)反应结束后,回收催化剂、除去溶剂。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述路易斯酸催化剂为三氯化铝、三氟化硼一水合物、三氟化硼乙醚、三氯化铁六水合物和三氯化铁中的一种。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述路易斯酸催化剂为三氯化铝、三氟化硼一水合物、三氟化硼乙醚、三氯化铁六水合物和三氯化铁中的一种。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述路易斯酸催化剂的用量为间苯三酚的质量的0.25%-0.5%。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述路易斯酸催化剂的用量为间苯三酚的质量的0.25%-0.5%。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂包括三氯甲烷、甲苯和乙腈中的一种或多种。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述α-水芹烯与间苯三酚的摩尔比为(1.0-1.05):1.0。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述反应的时间为0.5-2.0h,反应温度为25℃。
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)反应的时间为0.5-2.0h,反应温度为25℃。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述反应结束后,将反应液过滤回收催化剂、再水洗除掉反应液中的残余的三氯化铁。
  13. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述反应结束后,将反应液过滤回收催化剂、再水洗除掉反应液中的残余的三氯化铁。
  14. 权利要求1所述化合物在作为抑菌剂方面的用途。
  15. 权利要求1所述化合物在作为抗氧化剂方面的用途。
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