WO2023115276A1 - 导光板及背光模组 - Google Patents

导光板及背光模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023115276A1
WO2023115276A1 PCT/CN2021/139771 CN2021139771W WO2023115276A1 WO 2023115276 A1 WO2023115276 A1 WO 2023115276A1 CN 2021139771 W CN2021139771 W CN 2021139771W WO 2023115276 A1 WO2023115276 A1 WO 2023115276A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guide plate
light
light guide
plate according
concave
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PCT/CN2021/139771
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董伟
赵士军
王均
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
京东方光科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 京东方光科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to CN202180004051.XA priority Critical patent/CN116917662A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/139771 priority patent/WO2023115276A1/zh
Publication of WO2023115276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023115276A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of optical components, in particular to a light guide plate and a backlight module.
  • Light Guide Plate is an important part of the backlight module. Its function is to guide the light emitted by scattered point light sources or line light sources to exit from a plane (ie, the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate) to form a surface light source.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide plate and a backlight module, and the specific scheme is as follows:
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide plate, including:
  • the light-emitting surface is connected to the light-incident surface and the first side;
  • the bottom surface is arranged opposite to the light-emitting surface, and the bottom surface is connected to the light-incident surface and the first side;
  • the second side is connected to the light incident surface, the first side, the bottom surface and the light exit surface;
  • a third side is arranged opposite to the second side, and the third side is connected to the light incident surface, the first side, the bottom surface and the light exit surface;
  • the direction in which the center point of the light incident surface points to the center point of the first side is the first direction, and the direction in which the center point of the second side points to the center point of the third side is the second direction;
  • the bottom surface has a plurality of strip-shaped concave structures arranged at intervals extending along the first direction and arranged along the second direction, and at least one of the adjacent concave structures protrudes outward from the bottom surface. convex structure.
  • each of the protruding structures is a strip structure extending along the first direction.
  • the number of convex structures between adjacent concave structures is one, and the convex structure and the concave structure The contact arrangement, or the bottom surface is exposed between the convex structure and the concave structure.
  • the number of convex structures between adjacent concave structures is multiple, and the convex structures and the concave structures The structures are arranged in contact with each other, or between the convex structures, or the bottom surface is exposed between the convex structures and the concave structures, or between the convex structures.
  • the maximum heights of the convex structures are the same or different.
  • cross-sectional shapes of each of the protruding structures along the second direction are the same.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the protruding structure along the second direction includes a lenticular mirror shape, a semicircle, a cylinder shape or a square shape.
  • the width of the protruding structure in the second direction shows a decreasing trend along the first direction.
  • the width of the concave structure in the second direction tends to increase along the first direction.
  • the sum of the widths of the concave structure and the convex structure in the second direction is the same along the first direction. .
  • each of the concave structures includes a plurality of concave portions arranged at intervals along the first direction and concave on the bottom surface, each There is a protruding part between the adjacent concave parts in one of the concave structures, and the top end of the protruding part is flush with the bottom surface.
  • each of the concave structures includes a plurality of concave portions arranged at intervals along the first direction and concave on the bottom surface, each There is a protrusion between the adjacent depressions in one of the concave structures, and the surface of the protrusion has a plurality of tooth-shaped structures;
  • the tooth-shaped structure includes first protrusions and first depressions arranged alternately along the second direction, the first protrusions are arranged flush with the bottom surface, and the depth of the first depressions is smaller than that of the depressions The maximum recess depth of the section.
  • the recessed depth of the recessed portion first increases and then decreases.
  • the increase is linearly increased, and the decrease is linearly decreased.
  • the length of the portion with increasing depth of the depression is the same as or different from the length of the portion with decreasing depth of the depression.
  • the increase is a nonlinear increase
  • the decrease is a linear decrease
  • the length of the non-linearly increasing portion is greater than the length of the linearly decreasing portion.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the part that increases nonlinearly along the first direction is a curved surface, and the curved surface faces to the side of the light-emitting surface. curved, or the curved surface is bent away from the side of the light-emitting surface.
  • connection point between the portion with increasing depth of depression and the portion with decreasing depth of depression is the first connection point, and the portion with increasing depth of depression
  • the connecting line segment between the end part far away from the first connection point and the end part far away from the first connection point in the portion of the recess with decreasing depths constitutes a reference line segment;
  • the included angle between the portion with increasing depth of the depression and the reference line segment is 0.5°-50°, and the angle between the portion with decreasing depth of the depression and the reference line segment is 30°-90°.
  • the cross-sectional shape and size of each of the concave parts along the first direction are the same.
  • the light exit surface has a plurality of second protrusions extending along the first direction and arranged along the second direction, so The shape of the second protrusion is a lenticular mirror.
  • the second protrusions are closely arranged, or the second protrusions are arranged at intervals.
  • the light-emitting surface further has a plurality of light-adjusting microstructures located on the second convex surface, and the light-adjusting microstructures are controlled by It is configured to adjust the angle of the light emitted from the light emitting surface.
  • the shape of the light-adjusting microstructure includes a cylinder, a triangular pyramid, or a circle.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a backlight module, including: the light guide plate as described in any one of the above, a light source located on one side of the light incident surface of the light guide plate, and a light source located on the side of the light guide plate A reflection sheet on one side of the bottom surface, and a prism sheet on the side of the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate.
  • FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a light guide plate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is the enlarged schematic diagram within the dotted line box in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view along CC ' direction in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 4 shows that the convex structure is designed as a cylindrical structure with unequal heights
  • Fig. 5 shows that the convex structure is designed as a columnar mirror structure with unequal heights
  • FIG. 6A shows that the cross-sectional shape of the convex structure along the second direction is a cylindrical mirror shape
  • FIG. 6B shows that the cross-sectional shape of the convex structure along the second direction is a semicircle
  • FIG. 6C shows that the cross-sectional shape of the convex structure along the second direction is cylindrical
  • FIG. 6D shows that the cross-sectional shape of the convex structure along the second direction is a square
  • Fig. 7 is a further enlarged schematic diagram within the dotted line box in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 8A-Fig. 8E are several three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the recessed part in Fig. 2;
  • FIGS. 8A-8E are schematic cross-sectional views along the first direction corresponding to the recesses shown in FIGS. 8A-8E ;
  • FIG. 9F is another schematic cross-sectional view of the recess along the first direction
  • FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a light guide plate
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of a light guide plate
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view along EE' direction in Fig. 11;
  • Figure 13 shows that the shape of the dimming microstructure is a triangular pyramid
  • Figure 14 shows that the shape of the dimming microstructure is circular
  • Fig. 15 is the actual measurement data of the luminance of the light guide plate provided in the related art with laser or dotted dots on the bottom and the ordinary prism sheet and the light guide plate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure with the special prism sheet under the normal viewing angle;
  • Fig. 16 is the test luminance data at different angles of a light guide plate with laser or impact dots on the bottom surface provided in the related art
  • FIG. 17 is the test luminance data of the light guide plate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure under different angles
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the light guide plate 10, FIG. A schematic cross-sectional view along the CC' direction.
  • FIGS. 1-3 illustrate the bottom surface of the light guide plate 10 above.
  • the first side 12 is opposite to the light incident surface 11;
  • a light exit surface 13, the light exit surface 13 is connected to the light incident surface 11 and the first side surface 12;
  • the bottom surface 14 is opposite to the light-emitting surface 13, and the bottom surface 14 is connected to the light-incident surface 11 and the first side surface 12;
  • the second side 15, the second side 15 is connected to the light incident surface 11, the first side 12, the bottom surface 14 and the light exit surface 13;
  • the third side 16 is opposite to the second side 15, the third side 16 is connected to the light incident surface 11, the first side 12, the bottom surface 14 and the light exit surface 13; wherein,
  • the direction in which the center point of the incident surface 11 points to the center point of the first side 12 is the first direction X, and the direction in which the center point of the second side 15 points to the center point of the third side 16 is the second direction Y;
  • the bottom surface 14 has a plurality of spaced strip-shaped concave structures 141 extending along the first direction X and arranged along the second direction Y, and there is at least one convex structure 142 protruding outward from the bottom surface 14 between adjacent concave structures 141 .
  • the bottom surface refers to a concave and/or convex reference surface, and may also refer to a plane corresponding to the reference surface.
  • the above-mentioned light guide plate 10 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is generally applied in a backlight module, and the backlight module also includes a light source located on the light incident surface 11 side of the light guide plate 10, and a reflection sheet located on the bottom surface 14 side of the light guide plate 10.
  • the main purpose of the convex structure 142 is to provide a certain air gap between the light guide plate 10 and the reflector, and to provide a better refraction effect by using the different refraction coefficients of the air and the light guide plate 10 materials, The purpose of increasing the positive luminance is achieved, and the production yield is improved at the same time; in addition, the convex structure 142 guides the light emitted by the light source along the convex structure 142 to conduct to the side of the light guide plate 10 away from the light source, thereby improving the optical utilization efficiency.
  • the concave structure 141 is a structure recessed in the bottom surface 14 of the light guide plate 10
  • the convex structure 142 is a structure protruding from the bottom surface 14 of the light guide plate 10 .
  • each protruding structure 142 may be a strip structure extending along the first direction X.
  • the concave structure 141 is disposed in contact, that is, the bottom surface 14 cannot be seen between the convex structure 142 and the concave structure 141 .
  • the bottom surface 14 can also be exposed between the convex structure 142 and the concave structure 141 , that is, the bottom surface 14 can be seen between the convex structure 142 and the concave structure 141 .
  • the convex structure 142 and the concave structure 141 can be designed according to the requirement of the light output brightness.
  • Figures 1 and 2 take the number of protruding structures 142 between adjacent concave structures 141 as one, and the protruding structures 142 and concave structures 141 are closely arranged as an example.
  • the number of convex structures 142 between adjacent concave structures 141 can also be multiple, and between the convex structures 142 and the concave structures 141, and between the convex structures 142 can be Contact setting, that is, between the convex structure 142 and the concave structure 141, and between the convex structures 142, the bottom surface 14 cannot be seen.
  • the convex structure 142 and the concave structure 141 can be designed according to the requirement of the light output brightness.
  • the protruding structure 142 can be made in various ways, such as laser dot forming, tool impact forming and so on.
  • the main function of the convex structure 142 is to form a certain air gap between the light guide plate 10 and the reflection sheet, because there is a certain difference between the refractive index of the air and the refractive index of the light guide plate (commonly used materials such as PMMA, PC), which is more It is beneficial for the light to be refracted on the bottom surface 14 of the light guide plate 10 , which is beneficial to improve the light utilization rate, thereby improving the light efficiency of the light guide plate 10 .
  • the convex structure 142 can reduce the friction between the light guide plate 10 and the reflection sheet, and reduce defects in the production and assembly process.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are schematic cross-sections along the DD' direction in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 only illustrate the protruding structures 142 in order to illustrate that the maximum heights of the protruding structures 142 are different.
  • 142 in fact, there is a concave structure 141 between the adjacent convex structures 142, that is, the convex structures 142 in Fig. 4 and Fig.
  • the air gap between the reflectors improves the light recycling efficiency, improves the overall light output efficiency of the light guide plate, and further improves the yield rate.
  • the reflective sheet will be adsorbed on the bottom surface 14 of the light guide plate 10.
  • the commonly used reflective sheet material is polyethylene terephthalate , PET
  • the PET material is relatively soft, and it is easy to form interference fringes similar to wave shapes due to adsorption problems in the backlight visually.
  • the convex structure 142 designed in the embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively solve this problem.
  • the convex structure 142 can make an air gap exist between the light guide plate 10 and the reflective sheet, so the convex structure 142 can also effectively solve the problem that foreign objects will scratch the light guide plate 10 or the reflective sheet, and the convex structure 142 can protect the concave surface at the same time. Structure 141 is less susceptible to damage.
  • each protruding structure 142 along the second direction Y can also be different, and it can be designed according to actual needs.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the protruding structure 142 along the second direction Y includes but is not limited to cylindrical mirror shape, semicircular , cylindrical or square.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the protruding structure 142 along the second direction Y is a cylindrical mirror shape; as shown in FIG. 6B, the cross-sectional shape of the protruding structure 142 along the second direction Y is a semicircle. ;
  • the cross-sectional shape of the protruding structure 142 along the second direction Y is cylindrical; as shown in FIG. 6D , the cross-sectional shape of the protruding structure 142 along the second direction Y is square.
  • the protruding structure 142 in FIG. 4 is designed as a cylindrical structure with unequal heights
  • the protruding structure 142 in FIG. 5 is designed as a cylindrical mirror structure with unequal heights.
  • the width w2 of the structure 141 in the second direction Y increases along the first direction X.
  • the uniformity of the overall light output from the light guide plate 10 can be adjusted, and the light utilization rate can be further improved.
  • the sum of the widths of the concave structure 141 and the convex structure 142 in the second direction Y is same.
  • the top of the raised portion 1412 can be flush with the bottom surface 14, the specific structure of the recessed portion 1411 and the raised portion 1412 can refer to Figure 2 shows.
  • the main function of the concave structure 141 is to reflect the light output from the light source in the backlight module at different angles, and adjust the light output angle so that the light output angle conforms to the optimal light input angle of the prism sheet.
  • the concave structure 141 can be fabricated by a grayscale photolithography process, but it is of course not limited thereto.
  • the tooth-shaped structure 01 includes first protrusions 011 and first depressions 012 arranged alternately along the second direction Y, the first protrusions 011 and the bottom surface 14 can be arranged flush with each other, and the depression depth of the first depressions 012 is smaller than the maximum of the depression 1411 Depth of depression.
  • FIG. 8A-FIG. 8E are several perspective views of the recessed part 1411 in FIG. They are schematic cross-sectional diagrams along the first direction X of the recessed part 1411 shown in FIGS.
  • the light reaching the light guide plate 10 can be reflected as far as possible, so as to improve the brightness of the forward light.
  • connection point A1 the connection line segment between the end A2 far away from the first connection point A1 in the part where the depth of the depression increases and the end A3 far away from the first connection point A1 in the part where the depth of the depression decreases gradually constitutes a reference line segment A2A3; wherein, the depth of the depression
  • the included angle between the increasing part and the reference line segment A2A3 is a, and the included angle between the decreasing recess depth part and the reference line segment A2A3 is b.
  • the increment is linearly increasing, and the decrement is linearly decreasing.
  • the length of the part where the depth of the depression is increasing is the same as the length of the part where the depth of the depression is decreasing;
  • optical phenomena such as light reflection, refraction, and transmission occur.
  • the angle of a the angle of reflected light can be adjusted to achieve the best light output angle.
  • the better the mirror effect of the slope the greater its effect.
  • the roughness of the mirror surface of the slope should reach 20nm or less.
  • the angle of b the light refracted and transmitted through the angle of a can be adjusted. As shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9B the difference between FIG. 9B and FIG. 9A is that the angles of a and b are relatively large.
  • FIG. 9C the length of the portion with increasing dent depth is different from the length of the portion with decreasing dent depth.
  • the length of the portion with increasing dent depth is greater than the length of the portion with decreasing dent depth.
  • the angles of a and b in Fig. 9C are different, and Fig. 9C shows a left-right asymmetric three-dimensional microstructure.
  • 9A-9C can form a slope of reflected light in the light guide plate 10, so that the light incident on the light guide plate 10 can be reflected as much as possible, so as to improve the brightness of the forward light.
  • the increment is nonlinearly increasing, and the decrement is linearly decrementing.
  • the length of the non-linearly increasing part is greater than the length of the linearly decreasing part, and the angles of a and b in Figure 9D and Figure 9E are different, Figure 9D and Figure 9E It is a left-right asymmetric three-dimensional microstructure shape. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the non-linearly increasing part along the first direction X is a curved surface c
  • the curved surface c is curved toward the side of the light-emitting surface 13, or as shown in FIG. 9E, the curved surface c faces away from the light-emitting surface.
  • Surface 13 is curved on one side.
  • FIG. 9D and FIG. 9E form a curved slope for reflecting light in the light guide plate 10, so that the light incident on the light guide plate 10 can be reflected as much as possible, so as to improve the brightness of the forward light.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the recessed portion 1411 along the first direction X can also be the structure shown in FIG. 9F .
  • the difference between FIG. 9F and FIG. 9C is that after the linear increase, there is a section of gentle state and then a linear decrease.
  • the part of decreasing depth of depression in Fig. 9A-Fig. 9F is designed as an example at 90° to the horizontal plane.
  • the part of decreasing depth of depression in Fig. 9A-Fig. 9F can be designed at an acute angle with the horizontal plane.
  • the angle b between the part with decreasing depth of the depression and the reference line segment A2A3 is 30° ⁇ 90°, and the angles of a and b are designed according to the needs of light output.
  • FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the light guide plate 10 .
  • a plurality of second protrusions 131 extend in the first direction X and are arranged along the second direction Y, and the shape of the second protrusions 131 is a cylindrical mirror.
  • the main function of the second protrusion 131 is to atomize the features of the light-emitting surface 13 of the light guide plate 10 , which can increase the brightness of the light output while improving the shielding of foreign objects by the light guide plate 10 and solving problems such as white spots.
  • the second protrusion 131 can be made by precision machining.
  • the second protrusions 131 are arranged at intervals, or as shown in FIG. , can be designed according to the actual light requirements.
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • FIG. 11 is another perspective view of the light guide plate 10
  • the light-emitting surface 13 also has
  • the main function of the light-adjusting microstructure 132 is to converge the light distribution through different shape designs, and at the same time adjust the light-emitting angle so that the light-emitting angle conforms to the best entrance of the prism sheet. light angle.
  • a light-adjusting microstructure 132 is added to adjust the direction of the light, and increase the ability to shield poorly while improving the brightness in the forward direction. After the light emitting angle and range of the light guide plate 10 are converged, the optimal front brightness can be achieved by changing the angle of the prism sheet to match the light emitting angle of the light guide plate 10, and the overall light emitting efficiency of the light guide plate can be improved.
  • the shape of the dimming microstructure includes but is not limited to a cylinder, a triangular pyramid or a circle.
  • the shape of the dimming microstructure 132 in FIG. 11 is cylindrical
  • the shape of the dimming microstructure 132 in FIG. 13 is a triangular pyramid
  • the shape of the dimming microstructure 132 in FIG. 14 is circular.
  • the light-adjusting microstructures 132 on the light-emitting surface 13 can be randomly distributed, and are not directly related to the distribution of the convex structures 142 on the bottom surface 14.
  • the light-adjusting microstructures 132 The best shading effect is achieved through different shapes or distributions.
  • Figure 15 is the actual measurement of the brightness of the light guide plate 10 provided in the related art with laser or dotted dots on the bottom and the ordinary prism sheet and the light guide plate 10 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure with the special prism sheet under the normal viewing angle.
  • the abscissa is the number of points at different positions under the normal viewing angle, among which Center refers to the center position of the light guide plate, 5P refers to selecting 5 points on the light guide plate, 25P refers to selecting 25 points on the light guide plate, and 961P refers to selecting Select 961 points on the light plate, and the ordinate is the luminance.
  • G1 is the luminance under the measured normal viewing angle corresponding to the light guide plate provided in the related art
  • G2 is the luminance under the measured normal viewing angle corresponding to the light guide plate provided by the disclosure. It can be seen that the luminance of the embodiment of the present disclosure under the front viewing angle is much greater than that of the related art under the front viewing angle, so the light guide plate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can improve the front luminance.
  • Figure 16 is the test luminance data at different angles of the light guide plate provided in the related art with lasers or dots on the bottom surface. It is viewed as 0° from the front and 90° from the side. The light from the light guide plate is emitted When the angle is 80°, the luminance reaches the maximum (curve F). When the light guide plate with laser or dotted dots is used in the backlight module (curve H), after the light is refracted by the prism sheet, the maximum luminance is at 0° To 40°, the luminance corresponding to 40° to 80° is reduced by half.
  • Figure 17 is the test luminance data of the above-mentioned light guide plate 10 at different angles provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. It is viewed as 0° from the front and up to 90° from the side.
  • the light emission angle of the light guide plate 10 is 80°. ° when the luminance reaches the maximum (curve F), when the light guide plate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied in the backlight module (curve H), after the light is refracted by the prism sheet, the angle is narrowed, and the maximum luminance is at 0 ° to 10°, and at the same time, the luminance is close to 0 after 40°, which plays a collimating role.
  • the light guide plate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the forward brightness by setting a concave structure on the bottom surface of the light guide plate to adjust the direction of light; by setting a convex structure on the bottom surface of the light guide plate, a certain air gap can be provided. Increase the optical refraction to improve the production and assembly yield; by setting the convex structure on the bottom of the light guide plate, the light can be guided forward and improve the optical efficiency; by setting the convex structure on the bottom of the light guide plate, the width of the convex structure can be adjusted.
  • the uniformity of the overall light guide plate by adding the second protrusion of the lenticular mirror on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate, the brightness can be increased while improving the bad shielding effect; by adding a dimming microstructure on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate, the light direction can be adjusted, Improve the positive luminance while increasing the bad shielding ability; and, when the light emitting angle and range of the light guide plate are converged, by changing the angle design of the prism sheet to match the light emitting angle of the light guide plate to achieve the best positive brightness and improve the light efficiency of the light guide plate .
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a backlight module, as shown in FIG.
  • the backlight module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may also have other optical film layers, such as a diffusion sheet, etc. These film layers are the same as those in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.
  • the backlight module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is used in practical applications, for example, in liquid crystal displays.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light guide plate and a backlight module.
  • the concave structure on the bottom surface of the light guide plate is mainly for adjusting the light direction, so that after the light exits the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate, it is more in line with the optimal incident light angle of the prism sheet.
  • the main purpose of the convex structure on the bottom of the light guide plate is to provide a certain air gap between the light guide plate and the reflector, and to provide a better refraction effect by using the different refraction coefficients of air and light guide plate materials , to achieve the purpose of increasing the positive luminance, and at the same time improve the production yield; in addition, the convex structure guides the light emitted by the light source to conduct along the convex structure to the side of the light guide plate away from the light source, thereby improving the optical utilization efficiency.

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  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

一种导光板及背光模组，包括：入光面(11)；第一侧面(12)，第一侧面(12)与入光面(11)相对设置；出光面(13)，出光面(13)连接入光面(11)与第一侧面(12)；底面(14)，底面(14)与出光面(13)相对设置，且底面(14)连接入光面(13)与第一侧面(12)；第二侧面(15)，第二侧面(15)连接入光面(11)、第一侧面(12)、底面(14)和出光面(13)；第三侧面(16)，第三侧面(16)与第二侧面(15)相对设置，第三侧面(16)连接入光面(11)、第一侧面(12)、底面(14)和出光面(13)；入光面(11)的中心点指向第一侧面(12)的中心点的方向为第一方向，第二侧面(15)的中心点指向第三侧面(16)的中心点的方向为第二方向；底面(14)具有沿第一方向延伸且沿第二方向排列的多个间隔设置的条状内凹结构(141)，相邻内凹结构(141)之间具有外凸于底面的至少一个外凸结构(142)。

Description

导光板及背光模组 技术领域
本公开涉及光学元件技术领域，特别涉及一种导光板及背光模组。
背景技术
导光板(Light Guide Plate，LGP)是背光模组中的重要组成部分，其作用是引导分散点光源或线光源发出的光从一个平面(即导光板的出光面)出射，形成面光源。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供了一种导光板及背光模组，具体方案如下：
本公开实施例提供了一种导光板，包括：
入光面；
第一侧面，所述第一侧面与所述入光面相对设置；
出光面，所述出光面连接所述入光面与所述第一侧面；
底面，所述底面与所述出光面相对设置，且所述底面连接所述入光面与所述第一侧面；
第二侧面，所述第二侧面连接所述入光面、所述第一侧面、所述底面和所述出光面；
第三侧面，所述第三侧面与所述第二侧面相对设置，所述第三侧面连接所述入光面、所述第一侧面、所述底面和所述出光面；其中，
所述入光面的中心点指向所述第一侧面的中心点的方向为第一方向，所述第二侧面的中心点指向所述第三侧面的中心点的方向为第二方向；
所述底面具有沿所述第一方向延伸且沿所述第二方向排列的多个间隔设置的条状内凹结构，相邻所述内凹结构之间具有外凸于所述底面的至少一个 外凸结构。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，各所述外凸结构为沿所述第一方向延伸的条状结构。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，相邻所述内凹结构之间的外凸结构的数量为一个，所述外凸结构与所述内凹结构接触设置，或所述外凸结构与所述内凹结构之间露出所述底面。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，相邻所述内凹结构之间的外凸结构的数量为多个，所述外凸结构与所述内凹结构之间、各所述外凸结构之间接触设置，或所述外凸结构与所述内凹结构之间、各所述外凸结构之间露出所述底面。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，各所述外凸结构的最大高度相同或不同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，各所述外凸结构沿所述第二方向上的截面形状均相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，所述外凸结构沿所述第二方向上的截面形状包括柱状镜形、半圆形、圆柱形或方形。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，所述外凸结构在所述第二方向上的宽度沿所述第一方向呈递减趋势。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，所述内凹结构在所述第二方向上的宽度沿所述第一方向呈递增趋势。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，所述内凹结构和所述外凸结构在所述第二方向上的宽度之和沿所述第一方向相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，每一条所述内凹结构包括沿所述第一方向间隔设置且凹陷于所述底面的多个凹陷部，每一条所述内凹结构中的相邻所述凹陷部之间具有凸起部，所述凸起部的顶端与所述底面齐平设置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，每一条所述内凹结构包括沿所述第一方向间隔设置且凹陷于所述底面的多个凹陷部，每一条所述内凹结构中的相邻所述凹陷部之间具有凸起部，所述凸起部的表面具有多个齿形结构；
所述齿形结构包括沿所述第二方向交替设置的第一凸起和第一凹陷，所述第一凸起与所述底面齐平设置，所述第一凹陷的凹陷深度小于所述凹陷部的最大凹陷深度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，所述凹陷部沿所述第一方向上的截面中，所述凹陷部的凹陷深度先递增后递减。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，所述递增呈线性递增，所述递减呈线性递减。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，凹陷深度递增的部分的长度与凹陷深度递减的部分的长度相同或不同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，所述递增呈非线性递增，所述递减呈线性递减。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，呈非线性递增的部分的长度大于呈线性递减的部分的长度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，呈非线性递增的部分沿所述第一方向上的截面形状为曲面，所述曲面向所述出光面一侧弯曲，或所述曲面背向所述出光面一侧弯曲。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，凹陷深度递增的部分与凹陷深度递减的部分之间的连接点为第一连接点，所述凹陷深度递增的部分中远离所述第一连接点的端部与所述凹陷深度递减的部分中远离所述第一连接点的端部的连接线段构成参考线段；其中，
所述凹陷深度递增的部分和所述参考线段之间的夹角为0.5°～50°，所述凹陷深度递减的部分和所述参考线段之间的夹角为30°～90°。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，各所 述凹陷部沿所述第一方向的截面形状、大小均相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，所述出光面具有沿所述第一方向延伸且沿所述第二方向排列的多个第二凸起，所述第二凸起的形状为柱状镜形。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，各所述第二凸起紧密设置，或各所述第二凸起间隔设置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，所述出光面还具有位于所述第二凸起表面的多个调光微结构，所述调光微结构被配置为调节从所述出光面出射的光的角度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，所述调光微结构的形状包括圆柱形、三棱锥形或圆形。
相应地，本公开实施例还提供了一种背光模组，包括：如上述任一项所述的导光板，位于所述导光板的入光面的一侧的光源，位于所述导光板的底面一侧的反射片，以及位于所述导光板的出光面一侧的棱镜片。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种导光板的立体示意图；
图2为图1中虚线框内的放大示意图；
图3为图1中沿CC’方向的截面示意图；
图4为外凸结构设计为不等高的圆柱形结构；
图5为外凸结构设计为不等高的柱状镜形结构；
图6A为外凸结构沿第二方向上的截面形状为柱状镜形；
图6B为外凸结构沿第二方向上的截面形状为半圆形；
图6C为外凸结构沿第二方向上的截面形状为圆柱形；
图6D为外凸结构沿第二方向上的截面形状为方形；
图7为图1中虚线框内的进一步放大示意图；
图8A-图8E为图2中的凹陷部的几种立体示意图；
图9A-图9E分别为对应图8A-图8E所示的凹陷部沿第一方向上的截面示意图；
图9F为凹陷部沿第一方向上的另一种截面示意图；
图10为导光板的部分放大立体示意图；
图11为导光板的又一种立体示意图；
图12为图11中沿EE’方向的截面示意图；
图13为调光微结构的形状是三棱锥形；
图14为调光微结构的形状是圆形；
图15为相关技术中提供的底面具有激光或撞点网点的导光板搭配普通棱镜片与本公开实施例提供的上述导光板搭配特殊棱镜片在正视角下的辉度实测数据；
图16为相关技术中提供的底面具有激光或撞点网点的导光板在不同角度下的测试辉度数据；
图17为本公开实施例提供的导光板在不同角度下的测试辉度数据；
图18为本公开实施例提供的一种背光模组的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。并且在不冲突的情况下，本公开中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相 连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“内”、“外”、“上”、“下”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
需要注意的是，附图中各图形的尺寸和形状不反映真实比例，目的只是示意说明本公开内容。并且自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。
本公开实施例提供了一种导光板10，如图1-图3所示，图1为导光板10的立体示意图，图2为图1中虚线框内的放大示意图，图3为图1中沿CC’方向的截面示意图，为了清楚的示意导光板10的底面结构，图1-图3是将的底面位于上方进行示意的，该导光板包括：
入光面11；
第一侧面12，第一侧面12与入光面11相对设置；
出光面13，出光面13连接入光面11与第一侧面12；
底面14，底面14与出光面13相对设置，且底面14连接入光面11与第一侧面12；
第二侧面15，第二侧面15连接入光面11、第一侧面12、底面14和出光面13；
第三侧面16，第三侧面16与第二侧面15相对设置，第三侧面16连接入光面11、第一侧面12、底面14和出光面13；其中，
入光面11的中心点指向第一侧面12的中心点的方向为第一方向X，第二侧面15的中心点指向第三侧面16的中心点的方向为第二方向Y；
底面14具有沿第一方向X延伸且沿第二方向Y排列的多个间隔设置的条状内凹结构141，相邻内凹结构141之间具有外凸于底面14的至少一个外凸结构142。
底面是指内凹和/或外凸的基准面，也可以指对应于基准面的平面。
本公开实施例提供的上述导光板10一般应用在背光模组中，背光模组中 还包括位于导光板10的入光面11一侧的光源、位于导光板10的底面14一侧的反射片以及位于导光板10的出光面13一侧的棱镜片，其中内凹结构141主要为调整光线方向，可以使得光线在导光板10的出光面13出射后，更符合棱镜片的最佳入射光角度，达到增加正向辉度的目的；外凸结构142主要目的是为导光板10和反射片之间提供一定的空气间距，利用空气和导光板10材料不同的折射系数提供较好的折射效果，达到增加正向辉度的目的，同时提高生产良率；另外，外凸结构142导引由光源发出的光线沿外凸结构142向导光板10远离光源的一侧传导，提高光学利用效率。
需要说明的是，内凹结构141是凹陷于导光板10的底面14的结构，外凸结构142是凸出于导光板10的底面14的结构。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图1和图2所示，各外凸结构142可以为沿第一方向X延伸的条状结构。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图1和图2所示，相邻内凹结构141之间的外凸结构142的数量为一个，外凸结构142与内凹结构141接触设置，即外凸结构142与内凹结构141之间看不见底面14。当然，外凸结构142与内凹结构141之间也可以露出底面14，即外凸结构142与内凹结构141之间可以看见底面14。具体可以根据出光亮度的需求进行设计外凸结构142与内凹结构141。
图1和图2是以相邻内凹结构141之间的外凸结构142的数量为一个，且外凸结构142与内凹结构141紧密设置为例，当然，在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，相邻内凹结构141之间的外凸结构142的数量也可以为多个，外凸结构142与内凹结构141之间、各外凸结构142之间可以接触设置，即外凸结构142与内凹结构141之间、各外凸结构142之间看不见底面14，当然，外凸结构142与内凹结构141之间、各外凸结构142之间也可以露出底面14，即外凸结构142与内凹结构141之间、各外凸结构142之间可以看见底面14。具体可以根据出光亮度的需求进行设计外凸结构142与内凹结构141。
具体地，外凸结构142可以通过多种方式制作，如激光打点成型、刀具撞点成型等。外凸结构142主要作用是在导光板10和反射片之间形成一定的空气间隙，因空气的折射系数和导光板(常用材料如PMMA、PC)的折射系数有一定的差值，这样更有利于光线在导光板10的底面14产生有利于提升光线利用率的折射，从而提升导光板10的光效。另外外凸结构142可以减少导光板10与反射片之间的摩擦，降低生产、组装过程中的不良。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图1-图3所示，各外凸结构142的最大高度相同；当然，各外凸结构142的最大高度也可以不同，如图4和图5所示，图4和图5为图1中沿DD’方向的截面示意同，图4和图5为了示意各外凸结构142的最大高度不同，其仅示意出外凸结构142，实际上相邻外凸结构142之间设置有内凹结构141，即图4和图5中外凸结构142采用不等高设计，高度不同的外凸结构142设计可以进一步拉大导光板和反射片之间的空气间隙，提高了光线循环利用效率，提升导光板整体出光光效，进一步提升良率。另外，当导光板10和反射片紧密贴合在一起而没有任何空气间隙时，反射片将吸附在导光板10的底面14，由于常用的反射片材料为聚对苯二甲酸类塑料(Polyethylene terephthalate，PET)，PET材质较软，在背光源视觉上就容易形成因吸附问题产生的类似于波浪形状等干涉条纹的问题，本公开实施例设计的外凸结构142可以有效的解决这个问题。除此以外，当环境中的异物或反射片本身的异物在导光板10和反射片之间时，如果导光板10和反射片之间无空气间隙，在背光模组组装或热胀冷缩使两部件发生相对运动时，异物将磨伤导光板10或反射片，在视觉上形成黑点或白点不良，而本公开实施例通过在导光板10的底面14设计凸出于底面14的外凸结构142，可以使导光板10和反射片之间存在空气间隙，因此外凸结构142还可以有效解决异物将磨伤导光板10或反射片的问题，并且外凸结构142同时可以保护内凹结构141不容易受损伤。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图1和图2所示，各外凸结构142沿第二方向Y上的截面形状均相同，这样可以降低制作 工艺，当然，各外凸结构142沿第二方向Y上的截面形状也可以不同，根据实际需要进行设计。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图1和图2所示，外凸结构142沿第二方向Y上的截面形状包括但不限于柱状镜形、半圆形、圆柱形或方形。具体的，如图6A所示，外凸结构142沿第二方向Y上的截面形状为柱状镜形；如图6B所示，外凸结构142沿第二方向Y上的截面形状为半圆形；如图6C所示，外凸结构142沿第二方向Y上的截面形状为圆柱形；如图6D所示，外凸结构142沿第二方向Y上的截面形状为方形。
具体地，如图4和图5所示，图4中的外凸结构142设计为不等高的圆柱形结构，图5中的外凸结构142设计为不等高的柱状镜形结构。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图1和图2所示，外凸结构142在第二方向Y上的宽度w1沿第一方向X呈递减趋势，内凹结构141在第二方向Y上的宽度w2沿第一方向X呈递增趋势。这样通过在导光板10的底面14设置宽度变化的外凸结构142，可以调节导光板10的整体出光的均匀度，进一步提高光线利用率。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图1和图2所示，内凹结构141和外凸结构142在第二方向Y上的宽度之和沿第一方向X相同。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图1-图3所示，每一条内凹结构141包括沿第一方向X间隔设置且凹陷于底面14的多个凹陷部1411，每一条内凹结构141中的相邻凹陷部1411之间具有凸起部1412，凸起部1412的顶端与底面14可以齐平设置，凹陷部1411和凸起部1412的具体结构可以参照图2所示。内凹结构141的主要作用是通过不同的角度反射背光模组中光源的出光，调整光线的出光角度，使得出光角度符合棱镜片最佳入光角度。
具体地，如图1-图3所示，内凹结构141可以通过灰阶光刻工艺制作，当然不限于此。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图7所示，每一条内凹结构141包括沿第一方向X间隔设置且凹陷于底面14的多个凹陷部1411，每一条内凹结构141中的相邻凹陷部1411之间具有凸起部1412，凸起部1412的表面具有多个齿形结构01；
齿形结构01包括沿第二方向Y交替设置的第一凸起011和第一凹陷012，第一凸起011与底面14可以齐平设置，第一凹陷012的凹陷深度小于凹陷部1411的最大凹陷深度。通过在导光板10的底面14的内凹结构141的凸起部1412处制作齿形结构01，可以防止明显的亮线或者暗线不良的问题。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图1-图3、图7所示，各凹陷部1411沿第一方向X的截面形状、大小均相同，这样可以方便制作工艺统一。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图8A-图8E所示，图8A-图8E为图2中的凹陷部1411的几种立体示意图，图9A-图9E分别为对应图8A-图8E所示的凹陷部1411沿第一方向X上的截面示意图，凹陷部1411的凹陷深度先递增后递减，这样可以在导光板10内形成反射光的斜坡，使得入射至导光板10的光能够尽可能的反射出去，以提高正向出光亮度。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图8A-图8E、图9A-图9E所示，凹陷深度递增的部分与凹陷深度递减的部分之间的连接点为第一连接点A1，凹陷深度递增的部分中远离第一连接点A1的端部A2与凹陷深度递减的部分中远离第一连接点A1的端部A3的连接线段构成参考线段A2A3；其中，凹陷深度递增的部分和参考线段A2A3之间的夹角为a，凹陷深度递减的部分和参考线段A2A3之间的夹角为b。具体地，如图9A-图9C所示，递增呈线性递增，递减呈线性递减。如图9A和图9B所示，凹陷深度递增的部分的长度与凹陷深度递减的部分的长度相同；如图9A所示，角a和角b相同，图9A为左右对称的三维微结构形态，光源发出的光线照射到由a角形成的斜坡上发生光线反射、折射、透射等光学现象，通过调节a的角度 就可以调节其反射光角度，以达到最佳出光角度目的。斜坡的镜面效果越好其作用越大，一般需要此斜坡镜面的粗糙度达到20nm及以下。同样通过调节b的角度可以调整通过a角度处折射、透射后的光线。如图9B所示，图9B和图9A的区别在于是a、b两角的角度较大。如图9C所示，凹陷深度递增的部分的长度与凹陷深度递减的部分的长度不同，图9C以凹陷深度递增的部分的长度大于凹陷深度递减的部分的长度。图9C中的a、b两角的角度不同，图9C为左右不对称的三维微结构形态。图9A-图9C均可以在导光板10内形成反射光的斜坡，使得入射至导光板10的光能够尽可能的反射出去，以提高正向出光亮度。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图9D和图9E所示，递增呈非线性递增，递减呈线性递减。具体地，如图9D和图9E所示，呈非线性递增的部分的长度大于呈线性递减的部分的长度，图9D和图9E中的a、b两角的角度不同，图9D和图9E为左右不对称的三维微结构形态。具体地，如图9D所示，呈非线性递增的部分沿第一方向X上的截面形状为曲面c，曲面c向出光面13一侧弯曲，或如图9E所示，曲面c背向出光面13一侧弯曲。图9D和图9E均在导光板10内形成反射光的曲面斜坡，使得入射至导光板10的光能够尽可能的反射出去，以提高正向出光亮度。
具体地，凹陷部1411沿第一方向X上的截面形状还可以为图9F所示的结构，图9F与图9C的区别在于线性递增之后有一段区域平缓状态再呈线性递减。
需要说明的是，图9A-图9F中凹陷深度递减的部分是以与水平面成90°设计为例示意的，当然，图9A-图9F中凹陷深度递减的部分可以与水平面成锐角设计。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图8A-图8E、图9A-图9E所示，凹陷深度递增的部分和参考线段A2A3之间的夹角a为0.5°～50°，凹陷深度递减的部分和参考线段A2A3之间的夹角b为30°～90°，根据出光需要进行设计a和b的角度。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图2、图3和图10所示，图10为导光板10的部分放大立体示意图，导光板10的出光面13具有沿第一方向X延伸且沿第二方向Y排列的多个第二凸起131，第二凸起131的形状为柱状镜形。第二凸起131的主要作用是雾化导光板10的出光面13特征，可以增加出光亮度的同时提高导光板10遮蔽异物以及解决白点等不良现象。
具体地，第二凸起131可以通过精密加工制作成。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图2和图10所示，各第二凸起131间隔设置，或如图11所示，各第二凸起131紧密设置，可以根据实际出光需求进行设计。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，如图11和图12所示，图11为导光板10的又一种立体示意图，图12为图11中沿EE’方向的截面示意图，出光面13还具有位于第二凸起131表面的多个调光微结构132，调光微结构132被配置为调节从出光面13出射的光的角度。具体地，调光微结构132可以通过灰阶光刻或者激光打点制作，调光微结构132的主要作用是通过不同的形态设计收敛出光分布，同时调节出光角度使得出光角度符合棱镜片最佳入光角度。在导光板10的出光面13增加调光微结构132，调整光线方向，在提高正向亮度的同时增加遮蔽不良能力。当导光板10的出光角度及范围收敛后，通过改变棱镜片角度设计配合导光板10的出光角度以达到最佳正向亮度，提升导光板的整体出光效率。
在具体实施例，在本公开实施例提供的上述导光板中，调光微结构的形状包括但不限于圆柱形、三棱锥形或圆形。具体地，图11的调光微结构132的形状是圆柱形，图13的调光微结构132的形状是三棱锥形，图14的调光微结构132的形状是圆形。
在具体实施时，如图11、图13和图14所示，出光面13的调光微结构132可以提散乱分布，与底面14上的外凸结构142分布没有直接关联，调光微结构132通过不同的形态或分布达到最佳遮蔽效果。
如图15所示，图15为相关技术中提供的底面具有激光或撞点网点的导光板搭配普通棱镜片与本公开实施例提供的上述导光板10搭配特殊棱镜片在正视角下的辉度实测数据，横坐标为正视角下的不同位置点数(point)，其中Center指导光板的中心位置，5P指在导光板上选择5个点，25P指在导光板上选择25个点，961P指在导光板上选择961个点，纵坐标为辉度，G1为相关技术中提供的导光板对应测得的正视角下的辉度，G2为本公开提供的导光板对应测得的正视角下的辉度，可以看出本公开实施例在正视角下的辉度远远大于相关技术中在正视角下的辉度，因此本公开实施例提供的导光板可以提高正向辉度。
如图16所示，图16为相关技术中提供的底面具有激光或撞点网点的导光板在不同角度下的测试辉度数据，正视为0°，侧视为最大90°，导光板的光线射出角度为80°的时候辉度达到最大值(曲线F)，具有激光或撞点网点的导光板应用在背光模组中时(曲线H)，光线经过棱镜片折射后，辉度最高值在0°到40°，40°到80°对应的辉度降低一半。
如图17所示，图17为本公开实施例提供的上述导光板10在不同角度下的测试辉度数据，正视为0°，侧视为最大90°，导光板10的光线射出角度为80°时辉度达到最大值(曲线F)，本公开实施例提供的上述导光板应用在背光模组中时(曲线H)，光线经过棱镜片折射后，角度收窄，辉度最高值在0°到10°之间，同时在40°之后辉度接近0，起到准直作用。
综上所述，本公开实施例提供的导光板，通过在导光板底面设置内凹结构来调节光线方向，可以提高正向亮度；通过在导光板底面设置外凸结构，可以提供一定空气间隙，增加光学折射，提供生产组装良率；通过在导光板底面设置外凸结构，可以导引光线向前传导，提升光学效率；通过在导光板底面设置外凸结构，调节外凸结构的宽度变化调节整体导光板均匀度；通过在导光板的出光面增加柱状镜的第二凸起，可以增加亮度的同时提升遮蔽不良效果；通过在导光板的出光面增加调光微结构，可以调整光线方向，提高正向辉度的同时增加遮蔽不良能力；并且，当导光板的出光角度及范围收敛 后，通过改变棱镜片角度设计配合导光板的出光角度以达到最佳正向亮度，提升导光板光效。
基于同一发明构思，本公开实施例还提供了一种背光模组，如图18所示，包括：上述公开的导光板10，位于导光板10的入光面11的一侧的光源20，位于导光板10的底面14一侧的反射片30，以及位于导光板10的出光面13一侧的棱镜片40。由于该背光模组解决问题的原理与前述一种导光板相似，因此该背光模组的实施可以参见前述导光板的实施，重复之处不再赘述。
具体地，本公开实施例提供的背光模组还可以具有其他光学膜层，如扩散片等，这些膜层与现有技术相同，在此不做详述。
本公开实施例提供的背光模组在实际的应用中，例如是应用于液晶显示器中。
本公开实施例提供了一种导光板及背光模组，导光板底面的内凹结构主要为调整光线方向，可以使得光线在导光板的出光面出射后，更符合棱镜片的最佳入射光角度，达到增加正向辉度的目的；导光板底面的外凸结构主要目的是为导光板和反射片之间提供一定的空气间距，利用空气和导光板材料不同的折射系数提供较好的折射效果，达到增加正向辉度的目的，同时提高生产良率；另外，外凸结构导引由光源发出的光线沿外凸结构向导光板远离光源的一侧传导，提高光学利用效率。
尽管已描述了本公开的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释包括优选实施例以及落入本公开范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本公开实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本公开实施例的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种导光板，其中，包括：
    入光面；
    第一侧面，所述第一侧面与所述入光面相对设置；
    出光面，所述出光面连接所述入光面与所述第一侧面；
    底面，所述底面与所述出光面相对设置，且所述底面连接所述入光面与所述第一侧面；
    第二侧面，所述第二侧面连接所述入光面、所述第一侧面、所述底面和所述出光面；
    第三侧面，所述第三侧面与所述第二侧面相对设置，所述第三侧面连接所述入光面、所述第一侧面、所述底面和所述出光面；其中，
    所述入光面的中心点指向所述第一侧面的中心点的方向为第一方向，所述第二侧面的中心点指向所述第三侧面的中心点的方向为第二方向；
    所述底面具有沿所述第一方向延伸且沿所述第二方向排列的多个间隔设置的条状内凹结构，相邻所述内凹结构之间具有外凸于所述底面的至少一个外凸结构。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，各所述外凸结构为沿所述第一方向延伸的条状结构。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的导光板，其中，相邻所述内凹结构之间的外凸结构的数量为一个，所述外凸结构与所述内凹结构接触设置，或所述外凸结构与所述内凹结构之间露出所述底面。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的导光板，其中，相邻所述内凹结构之间的外凸结构的数量为多个，所述外凸结构与所述内凹结构之间、各所述外凸结构之间接触设置，或所述外凸结构与所述内凹结构之间、各所述外凸结构之间露出所述底面。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的导光板，其中，各所述外凸结构的最大高度相同 或不同。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的导光板，其中，各所述外凸结构沿所述第二方向上的截面形状均相同。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的导光板，其中，所述外凸结构沿所述第二方向上的截面形状包括柱状镜形、半圆形、圆柱形或方形。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的导光板，其中，所述外凸结构在所述第二方向上的宽度沿所述第一方向呈递减趋势。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的导光板，其中，所述内凹结构在所述第二方向上的宽度沿所述第一方向呈递增趋势。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的导光板，其中，所述内凹结构和所述外凸结构在所述第二方向上的宽度之和沿所述第一方向相同。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，每一条所述内凹结构包括沿所述第一方向间隔设置且凹陷于所述底面的多个凹陷部，每一条所述内凹结构中的相邻所述凹陷部之间具有凸起部，所述凸起部的表面与所述底面齐平设置。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其中，每一条所述内凹结构包括沿所述第一方向间隔设置且凹陷于所述底面的多个凹陷部，每一条所述内凹结构中的相邻所述凹陷部之间具有凸起部，所述凸起部的表面具有多个齿形结构；
    所述齿形结构包括沿所述第二方向交替设置的第一凸起和第一凹陷，所述第一凸起与所述底面齐平设置，所述第一凹陷的凹陷深度小于所述凹陷部的最大凹陷深度。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的导光板，其中，所述凹陷部沿所述第一方向上的截面中，所述凹陷部的凹陷深度先递增后递减。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的导光板，其中，所述递增呈线性递增，所述递减呈线性递减。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的导光板，其中，凹陷深度递增的部分的长度与凹陷深度递减的部分的长度相同或不同。
  16. 如权利要求13所述的导光板，其中，所述递增呈非线性递增，所述递减呈线性递减。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的导光板，其中，呈非线性递增的部分的长度大于呈线性递减的部分的长度。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的导光板，其中，呈非线性递增的部分沿所述第一方向上的截面形状为曲面，所述曲面向所述出光面一侧弯曲，或所述曲面背向所述出光面一侧弯曲。
  19. 如权利要求13所述的导光板，其中，凹陷深度递增的部分与凹陷深度递减的部分之间的连接点为第一连接点，所述凹陷深度递增的部分中远离所述第一连接点的端部与所述凹陷深度递减的部分中远离所述第一连接点的端部的连接线段构成参考线段；其中，
    所述凹陷深度递增的部分和所述参考线段之间的夹角为0.5°～50°，所述凹陷深度递减的部分和所述参考线段之间的夹角为30°～90°。
  20. 如权利要求11或12所述的导光板，其中，各所述凹陷部沿所述第一方向的截面形状、大小均相同。
  21. 如权利要求1-12、14-19任一项所述的导光板，其中，所述出光面具有沿所述第一方向延伸且沿所述第二方向排列的多个第二凸起，所述第二凸起的形状为柱状镜形。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的导光板，其中，各所述第二凸起紧密设置，或各所述第二凸起间隔设置。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的导光板，其中，所述出光面还具有位于所述第二凸起表面的多个调光微结构，所述调光微结构被配置为调节从所述出光面出射的光的角度。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的导光板，其中，所述调光微结构的形状包括圆柱形、三棱锥形或圆形。
  25. 一种背光模组，其中，包括：如权利要求1-24任一项所述的导光板，位于所述导光板的入光面的一侧的光源，位于所述导光板的底面一侧的反射 片，以及位于所述导光板的出光面一侧的棱镜片。
PCT/CN2021/139771 2021-12-20 2021-12-20 导光板及背光模组 WO2023115276A1 (zh)

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